Battery cell management chip, battery system, and vehicle

Abstract

A vehicle (3000) having a battery system (2000), and a battery system (2000) having a battery cell management chip (10), the chip (10) comprising a collection circuit (102), a power supply (103), a processing circuit (101), and a dynamic protection circuit (106), the collection circuit (102) being used to collect parameter values of operating parameters of a single battery cell (2001) and transmit the parameter values to the processing circuit (101), the power supply (103) supplying power to the processing circuit (101), the memory circuit (105) being used to store dynamic protection thresholds for the operating parameters, the processing circuit (101) being used to adjust the operating state of the single battery cell (2001) in case of an abnormality, and the dynamic protection circuit (106) being used to adjust the operating state of the single battery cell (2001) according to the dynamic protection threshold, the vehicle (3000) and the battery system (2000).

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] Cross-Reference to Related Applications The present disclosure claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202210602286.5 filed on May 30, 2022, entitled "BATTERY CELL MANAGEMENT CHIP, AND BATTERY SYSTEM, AND VEHICLE", the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present disclosure relates to the field of power batteries, and in particular, to a battery cell management chip, a battery system, and a vehicle. [Background Art]

[0003] In a conventional battery management system (BMS), information detection is mainly performed on single cells, and voltage and temperature acquisition is mainly performed on battery modules (that is, multiple battery cells) instead of monitoring the status of individual battery cells. Furthermore, acquiring the state of charge of a battery mainly relies on the detection system acquiring measurement parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature of the battery module in various different periods, and related parameters of individual battery cells cannot be acquired. Therefore, there is a certain degree of error in the acquired state of charge of the battery. In addition, since the operating state of the battery cannot be adjusted according to the service condition of individual battery cells, the effective utilization rate of the battery is affected. [Summary of the Invention] [Problem to be Solved by the Invention]

[0004] In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present disclosure are presented to provide a battery cell management chip, a battery system, and a vehicle that overcome or at least partially address the above problems. [Means for Solving the Problem]

[0005] According to one embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure, a battery cell management chip is connected to a single cell. The battery cell management chip includes a processing circuit, an acquisition circuit connected to the processing circuit and configured to acquire parameter values ​​of the operating parameters of the single cell and transmit the parameter values ​​to the processing circuit, a power supply connected to the processing circuit and configured to supply power to the processing circuit, a dynamic protection circuit connected to the processing circuit, and a storage circuit connected to the processing circuit and configured to store dynamic protection thresholds for the operating parameters. The processing circuit is configured to compare the parameter values ​​of the operating parameters with the dynamic protection thresholds, control the dynamic protection circuit to adjust the operating state of the single cell according to the result of the comparison, determine the state of charge (SOC) of the single cell according to the parameter values ​​of the operating parameters, and update the dynamic protection thresholds of the single cell stored in the storage circuit according to the SOC, and the dynamic protection circuit is configured to adjust the operating state of the single cell according to the dynamic protection thresholds.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the operating parameters include stress, and the acquisition circuit includes a stress acquisition circuit configured to acquire a stress value of a single cell.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the dynamic protection circuit includes a state protection circuit configured to control a single cell to stop charging or discharging when the stress value of the single cell is greater than a dynamic stress protection threshold.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the stress acquisition circuit includes a bridge circuit connected to a single cell via an external sensor, the bridge circuit being configured to determine a strain voltage signal according to strain information inside the single cell detected by the external sensor.

[0009] According to some embodiments of this disclosure, the external sensor is a stress sensor, and the stress sensor is a thin-film strain gauge.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the thin-film strain gauge is mounted on the housing of a single cell.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the stress acquisition circuit further includes an amplification circuit connected to a bridge circuit and configured to amplify a strain voltage signal; a signal acquisition circuit connected to the amplification circuit and configured to acquire the strain voltage signal output by the amplification circuit and convert the strain voltage signal into a digital signal form; a digital logic circuit connected to the signal acquisition circuit and configured to optimize and adjust the strain voltage signal in digital signal form; and a communication interface connected to the digital logic circuit and configured to transmit the strain voltage signal in digital signal form to a processing circuit.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the signal acquisition circuit is further configured to acquire a strain voltage signal output by an amplification circuit when woken up, and to convert the strain voltage signal into a digital signal form. The stress acquisition circuit further includes a wake-up reference circuit connected to a digital logic circuit and configured to store a stress threshold in analog signal form and update the stress threshold in analog signal form according to a strain voltage signal in digital signal form sent by the digital logic circuit, and an acquisition wake-up circuit connected to each of the amplification circuit, the wake-up reference circuit, and the signal acquisition circuit and configured to compare the amplified strain voltage signal with the stress threshold in analog signal form, wake up the signal acquisition circuit when the amplified strain voltage signal exceeds the stress threshold in analog signal form, and disconnect the signal acquisition circuit when the acquisition is complete.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the processing circuit is further configured to set a stress threshold initially stored in the wake-up reference circuit.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the battery cell management chip further includes a wireless transmission circuit connected to a processing circuit, the wireless transmission circuit being configured to perform wireless data transmission with a higher-level control circuit, and the battery cell management chip communicates with the higher-level control circuit via the wireless transmission circuit.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the wireless transmission circuit is further configured to switch between different operating states in accordance with a signal sent by a processing circuit, the different operating states include a sleep state, a non-sleep state, a synchronous transmit / receive mode, and a low-power consumption mode.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the processing circuit includes a calculation circuit configured to calculate the state of charge (SOC) of a single cell according to the parameter values ​​of the operating parameters, determine a new dynamic protection threshold according to the SOC, and store the new dynamic protection threshold in a memory circuit.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the processing circuit further includes a warning circuit configured to compare the parameter value of an operating parameter with a dynamic protection threshold for the operating parameter stored in a memory circuit, and to send a warning message to a higher-level control circuit according to the result of the comparison.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the processing circuit further includes a control circuit configured to control a dynamic protection circuit to adjust the operating state of a single cell in accordance with a warning message.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the operating parameters further include at least one of voltage, current, and temperature, and the acquisition circuit includes at least one of a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit, and a temperature acquisition circuit. The voltage acquisition circuit is configured to acquire the voltage value of a single cell, the current acquisition circuit is configured to acquire the current value of a single cell, and the temperature acquisition circuit is configured to acquire the temperature value of a single cell.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the acquisition circuit includes a multiplexer, one end of which is connected to a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit, a temperature acquisition circuit, and a stress acquisition circuit, and the other end of which is connected to a processing circuit. The processing circuit is further configured to send selection commands to the multiplexer. The multiplexer is configured to select one of the voltage acquisition circuit, current acquisition circuit, temperature acquisition circuit, and stress acquisition circuit according to the selection command and to send parameter values ​​of the operating parameters of a single cell to the processing circuit.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the dynamic protection circuit includes an overvoltage protection circuit configured to control a single cell to stop charging or discharging when the voltage value of the single cell exceeds a dynamic voltage protection threshold.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the dynamic protection circuit further includes at least one of an equalization circuit, an over-temperature protection circuit, and an over-current protection circuit. The equalization circuit is configured to initiate a voltage equalization strategy when the voltage value of a single cell is outside a preset average voltage interval, so that the voltage value of the single cell is within a preset average voltage interval. The over-temperature protection circuit is configured to control a single cell to enter a sleep state when the temperature value of the single cell exceeds a dynamic temperature protection threshold. The over-current protection circuit is configured to control a single cell to stop charging or discharging when the current value of the single cell exceeds a dynamic current protection threshold.

[0023] According to one embodiment of a second aspect of the present disclosure, the battery system includes a plurality of single cell units, a battery cell management system, and a battery cell management chip according to any embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure described above.

[0024] According to one embodiment of a third aspect of the present disclosure, the vehicle includes a battery system according to any embodiment of the second aspect of the present disclosure described above.

[0025] Embodiments of the present disclosure include the following advantages: an acquisition circuit is configured to acquire parameter values of operating parameters of a single battery cell and transmit the parameter values to a processing circuit; a power supply is configured to supply power to the processing circuit; a storage circuit is configured to store dynamic protection thresholds for the operating parameters; the processing circuit is configured to compare the parameter values of the operating parameters with the dynamic protection thresholds, control a dynamic protection circuit to adjust the operating state of the single battery cell according to the comparison result, determine a state of charge (SOC) of the single battery cell according to the parameter values of the operating parameters, and update the dynamic protection thresholds of the single battery cell stored in the storage circuit according to the SOC; the dynamic protection circuit is configured to adjust the operating state of the single battery cell according to the dynamic protection thresholds. In the present disclosure, the state of a single battery cell is monitored by a battery cell management chip, which reduces the risk of losing state information of a multi-cell string due to a failure of the single battery cell. The dynamic protection circuit adjusts the operating state of the battery cell in real time according to the service condition of the battery cell, which enables highly efficient use and protection of the battery, and can prolong the service life of the battery. [BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS]

[0026] [Figure 1] It is a block diagram of a battery cell management chip according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] It is a circuit block diagram of a stress acquisition circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] It is a block diagram of a processing circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] It is a block diagram of a battery system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 5] It is a block diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION]

[0027] In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure more clear and understandable, the present disclosure is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.

[0028] In conventional BMS (Battery Management Systems), a battery module is typically composed of multiple single cell units, and these multiple battery modules form a power supply battery. Currently, BMS primarily monitors information about individual cells and detects the voltage and temperature of the battery module, without monitoring the parameters of the individual cell units. Therefore, when a single cell fails and causes the entire battery to fail, it is not easy to detect the failed single cell. When the battery is under different usage conditions, the operating state of the battery cannot be dynamically adjusted to operate within safety thresholds, thus shortening the battery's lifespan.

[0029] Based on this, one of the core concepts of the embodiments of this disclosure is to provide a wireless management chip for a single cell. The charge state of the single cell is monitored by the wireless management chip, and the operating state of the single cell is adjusted in real time according to the different charge states of the single cell, thereby enabling efficient use of the battery and protection of the battery.

[0030] Figure 1 shows a block diagram of a wireless management chip according to one embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure. The wireless management chip is a battery cell management chip 10. The battery cell management chip 10 is connected to a single cell and includes a processing circuit 101, an acquisition circuit 102 connected to the processing circuit 101, a power supply 103, a storage circuit 105, and a dynamic protection circuit 106.

[0031] The battery cell management chip 10 may be disposed inside a single cell. For example, part or all of the battery cell management chip 10 may be disposed inside the single cell, or the battery cell management chip 10 may be disposed outside the single cell. When the battery cell management chip 10 is disposed inside a single cell, the presence of electrolyte inside the single cell ensures the sealing of the battery cell management chip 10 and prevents the electrolyte from entering the battery cell management chip 10, thereby avoiding damage to the components.

[0032] The acquisition circuit 102 is configured to acquire the parameter values ​​of the operating parameters of a single cell and transmit the parameter values ​​to the processing circuit 101.

[0033] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the operating parameter refers to an output parameter that represents the operating state of a single cell. For example, the output parameter may be at least one of voltage, current, temperature, and stress.

[0034] The power supply 103 is configured to supply power to the processing circuit 101, and the memory circuit 105 is configured to store dynamic protection thresholds for operating parameters.

[0035] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the dynamic protection threshold refers to a protection threshold corresponding to an operating parameter that ensures the normal operation of a single cell. For example, the dynamic voltage protection threshold refers to a protection threshold of the output voltage that ensures the normal operation of a single cell. The dynamic protection threshold may be set by a higher-level control circuit or processing circuit 101 according to the initial charge state of the single cell when the single cell is first used.

[0036] The processing circuit 101 is configured to compare the parameter values ​​of the operating parameters with a dynamic protection threshold and to control the dynamic protection circuit 106 to adjust the operating state of the single cell according to the result of the comparison. The operating state of the single cell may include a discharge state, a charge state, and a sleep state. The processing circuit 101 may also determine whether the parameter values ​​of the single cell are normal according to the result of the comparison. If the parameter values ​​of the operating parameters exceed the dynamic protection threshold, this indicates that the single cell is operating abnormally.

[0037] In one embodiment, when a single cell is in a charging state, if the parameter value of the current parameter exceeds the dynamic current protection threshold, this indicates that the single cell is operating abnormally. In this case, the processing circuit 101 may control the dynamic protection circuit 106 to stop charging the single cell, or it may control the single cell to enter a discharge state or a sleep state.

[0038] In another embodiment, if the voltage parameter value exceeds the dynamic voltage protection threshold when the single cell is in a discharge state, this indicates that the single cell is operating abnormally. In this case, the processing circuit 101 may control the dynamic protection circuit 106 to put the single cell into a sleep state.

[0039] In one embodiment, the processing circuit 101 determines the state of charge (SOC) of a single cell according to the parameter value of the operating parameter, and updates the dynamic protection threshold of the single cell stored in the memory circuit 105 according to the SOC.

[0040] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the processing circuit 101 can determine whether a single cell is operating abnormally by comparing the parameter values ​​acquired by the acquisition circuit 102 with a dynamic protection threshold stored in the storage circuit 105. Abnormality means that the parameter values ​​of the single cell exceed the dynamic protection threshold. If the abnormal state of the single cell persists for too long, this may affect the operating performance of the single cell or cause permanent damage to the single cell. Due to the continuous weakening of the charge state of the single cell over long-term charging and discharging, parameter values ​​such as voltage, current, temperature, and stress will also constantly change. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously update the dynamic protection threshold based on the State of Charge (SOC) calculated by the processing circuit 101 at different points in time according to the operating state of the single cell in order to achieve more accurate protection and high-performance use.

[0041] The dynamic protection circuit 106 is configured to adjust the operating state of the single cell according to a dynamic protection threshold.

[0042] The dynamic protection circuit 106 can adjust the state of the single cell in real time according to the battery usage status, so that the single cell operates within the dynamic protection threshold, thereby achieving more intelligent and precise protection of the single cell.

[0043] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the status of a single cell is monitored by a battery cell management chip 10, reducing the risk of losing status information of the multi-battery string due to single cell failure. A dynamic protection circuit 106 adjusts the operating state of a single cell in real time according to the usage status of the single cell, enabling highly efficient use and protection of the battery and extending battery life.

[0044] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the operating parameters include stress, and the acquisition circuit 102 includes a stress acquisition circuit.

[0045] The stress acquisition circuit is configured to acquire the stress value of a single cell. For example, the acquisition circuit 102 in Figure 1 may include only the stress acquisition circuit 1024.

[0046] Because gas is generated during the reaction of the electrolyte inside the single cell, the stress inside the single cell differs at different points in time. The stress change inside the single cell can be acquired by a stress sensor provided on the housing of the single cell in the stress acquisition circuit 1024.

[0047] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the dynamic protection circuit 106 includes a state protection circuit. For example, the dynamic protection circuit 106 in Figure 1 may include only the state protection circuit 1065.

[0048] The state protection circuit 1065 is configured to control the single cell to stop charging or discharging when the stress value of the single cell is greater than the dynamic stress protection threshold.

[0049] Typically, each single cell has a stress limit that it can withstand, and the dynamic stress protection threshold is the maximum stress that the single cell can withstand. When the stress that a single cell can withstand exceeds the dynamic stress protection threshold, this indicates an internal overvoltage in the cell. At this time, on the one hand, the warning circuit 1012 sends a warning to the higher-level control circuit, and on the other hand, the state protection circuit 1065 controls the single cell to stop charging or discharging, i.e., to enter a sleep state.

[0050] Figure 2 shows a circuit block diagram of a stress acquisition circuit 1024 in one embodiment of the present disclosure. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the stress acquisition circuit 1024 may include a bridge circuit 10242. The bridge circuit 10242 is connected to a single cell via an external sensor 10241 and is configured to determine a strain voltage signal according to the strain information of the single cell detected by the external sensor 10241.

[0051] Generally, the resistance signal detected by the external sensor 10241 is very weak, and a dedicated circuit is required to measure this weak signal. The bridge circuit 10242 used in the embodiments of this disclosure generates a strain voltage signal when it receives a resistance signal.

[0052] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the external sensor 10241 is a stress sensor which is a thin-film strain gauge.

[0053] The external sensor 10241 may be mounted on the housing of the single cell to detect a resistance signal generated by strain inside the single cell. The external sensor 10241, i.e., the thin-film strain gauge, can detect a resistance signal generated by housing strain caused by stress inside the single cell.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in Figure 2, the stress acquisition circuit 1024 further includes an amplification circuit 10243, a signal acquisition circuit 10246, a digital logic circuit 10247, and a communication interface 10248.

[0055] The bridge circuit 10242 is connected to the amplifier circuit 10243 for amplifying the distorted voltage signal.

[0056] The signal acquisition circuit 10246 is connected to the amplification circuit 10243 and is configured to acquire the distorted voltage signal output by the amplification circuit 10243 and convert the distorted voltage signal into a digital signal.

[0057] Note that the amplification circuit 10243 outputs a distorted voltage signal in analog signal form, and the signal acquisition circuit 10246 acquires the distorted voltage signal and converts the distorted voltage signal into a digital signal form.

[0058] The digital logic circuit 10247 is connected to the signal acquisition circuit 10246 and is configured to optimize and adjust the distorted voltage signal in digital signal form.

[0059] In embodiments of this disclosure, the digital logic circuit 10247 may optimize and adjust the distorted voltage signal in digital signal form, such as by anti-aliasing and SNR adjustment, thereby enabling a more stable output of the distorted voltage signal in digital signal form.

[0060] The communication interface 10248 is connected to the digital logic circuit 10247 and is configured to transmit a distorted voltage signal in digital signal form to the processing circuit 101.

[0061] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the stress acquisition circuit 1024 further includes an acquisition wake-up circuit 10244 and a wake-up reference circuit 10245.

[0062] The signal acquisition circuit 10246, upon wake-up, is further configured to acquire the distorted voltage signal output by the amplification circuit 10243 and to convert the distorted voltage signal into a digital signal format.

[0063] The wake-up reference circuit 10245 is connected to the digital logic circuit 10247. The wake-up reference circuit 10245 is configured to store the stress threshold in analog signal form and update the stress threshold in analog signal form according to the strain voltage signal in digital signal form sent by the digital logic circuit 10247.

[0064] The acquisition wake-up circuit 10244 is connected to the amplification circuit 10243, the wake-up reference circuit 10245, and the signal acquisition circuit 10246, respectively, and is configured to compare the amplified strain voltage signal with a stress threshold in analog signal form. When the amplified strain voltage signal exceeds the stress threshold in analog signal form, the acquisition wake-up circuit 10244 wakes up the signal acquisition circuit 10246, and disconnects the signal acquisition circuit 10246 when acquisition is complete.

[0065] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the stress threshold refers to a stress value that protects a single cell from damage. In the initial state, the processing circuit 101 sets the stress threshold according to the charge state of the single cell, that is, the processing circuit 101 sets the stress threshold in digital signal form to the wake-up reference circuit 10245 via the communication interface 10248 and the digital logic circuit 10247, and the wake-up reference circuit 10245 converts the stress threshold in digital signal form to an analog signal form and stores it.

[0066] The acquisition wake-up circuit 10244 is connected to the amplification circuit 10243, the wake-up reference circuit 10245, and the signal acquisition circuit 10246, respectively, and is configured to compare the amplified strain voltage signal with a stress threshold in analog signal form. When the amplified strain voltage signal exceeds the stress threshold, the acquisition wake-up circuit 10244 wakes up the signal acquisition circuit 10246.

[0067] When the amplified strain voltage signal is greater than the stress threshold in analog signal form, this indicates that the stress exceeds the stress safety threshold of the single cell. The acquisition wake-up circuit 10244 may turn on the signal acquisition circuit 10246. In this case, the signal acquisition circuit 10246 may acquire the amplified strain voltage signal and send it to the digital logic circuit 10247. The digital logic circuit 10247 optimizes and adjusts the strain voltage signal in digital signal form. On the one hand, the optimized and adjusted strain voltage signal is sent to the wake-up reference circuit 10245 to update the stress threshold in analog signal form, and on the other hand, the strain voltage value (i.e., the pressure inside the single cell) is sent to the processing circuit 101 via the communication interface 10248.

[0068] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the processing circuit 101 is further configured to set a stress threshold initially stored in the wake-up reference circuit 10245.

[0069] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, in the initial state of the battery cell, the processing circuit 101 may send an initial stress threshold to the wake-up reference circuit 10245 via the communication interface 10248 and the digital logic circuit 10247, which then converts the stress threshold into an analog signal form.

[0070] Each cell has a different stress tolerance at different points of use, and therefore requires a different initial stress threshold. The processing circuit 101 may set the corresponding stress threshold according to the charge state of the cell. When the stress inside the cell is within the safety threshold, the acquisition wake-up circuit 10244 is in sleep mode. The acquisition wake-up circuit 10244 is released from sleep mode only when the stress inside the cell exceeds the safety threshold. Therefore, the stress parameter of the cell is acquired only when the stress safety threshold is exceeded, so the stress acquisition circuit 1024 does not need to continuously acquire the stress parameter of the cell throughout the entire process, reducing the overall operating power consumption of the chip.

[0071] In one embodiment of this disclosure, as shown in Figure 1, the battery cell management chip 10 communicates with a higher-level control circuit 20 via a wireless transmission circuit 104. The battery cell management chip 10 further includes the wireless transmission circuit 104, which is connected to a processing circuit 101. The higher-level control circuit 20 can be the master control circuit in a battery management system (BMS). The BMS can be connected to multiple battery cell management chips 10, and the wireless transmission circuit 104 may send information representing the battery cells themselves, such as the operating parameters and SOC of a single battery cell, to the higher-level control circuit 20, thereby allowing the BMS to monitor the operating status of multiple single battery cells. Compared to existing technologies for monitoring the operating status of battery modules, this can more accurately identify the cause of abnormal battery operation and improve the safety of the battery system.

[0072] It should be noted that the wireless transmission circuit 104 may perform bidirectional signal transmission, and similarly, the higher-level control circuit 20 may send control signals to the processing circuit 101 via the wireless transmission circuit 104 to control the single battery cell. In one embodiment, when the higher-level control circuit 20 needs to adjust the state of the battery cell from an operating state to a sleep state, a control signal may be sent to the processing circuit 101 via the wireless transmission circuit 104. Upon receiving the control signal, the processing circuit 101 controls the battery cell to enter the sleep state. Wireless control reduces time and power consumption compared to wired control.

[0073] In this disclosure, since data is transmitted using wireless communication, firstly, the number of isolation devices and electromagnetic interference (EMI) / electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) protection devices required for noise coupling interference in wired communication harnesses is reduced, the complexity of the battery sampling plate is reduced, and the application becomes more flexible. Secondly, compared to twisted-pair daisy-chain serial wired communication, wireless communication makes information exchange more flexible and convenient, enables natural time synchronization measurement, and supports more synchronization detection functions. Furthermore, this can improve the overall safety of the vehicle by avoiding the problem of multi-battery information loss in serial communication caused by wiring harnesses. Finally, in terms of structure, the absence of complex wiring harnesses and connectors improves design flexibility and makes maintenance easier and more convenient.

[0074] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the wireless transmission circuit 104 is further configured to switch between different operating states in accordance with signals sent by the processing circuit 101. The different operating states include a sleep state, a non-sleep state, a synchronous transmit / receive mode, and a low-power consumption mode.

[0075] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the control circuit 1013 may send a control signal to the wireless transmission circuit 104 to enter a sleep state when the single cell is switched to a sleep state. It is also possible to switch to other operating states such as non-sleep state, synchronous transmit / receive mode, (Tx only) transmit-only no-receive operation mode, and (Rx only) receive-only no-transmit operation mode.

[0076] It should be noted that the wireless transmission circuit 104 in this disclosure has the characteristics of low power consumption, short range, and high robustness, and operates in the ISM radio frequency band. Furthermore, the transmission power can be selected within different power levels according to the transmission distance, thereby reducing the overall operating power consumption of the chip.

[0077] Figure 3 shows a block diagram of a processing circuit 101 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the processing circuit 101 may include a calculation circuit 1011. The calculation circuit 1011 is configured to calculate the state of charge (SOC) of a single cell according to the parameter values ​​of the operating parameters, determine a new dynamic protection threshold according to the SOC, and store the new dynamic protection threshold in a storage circuit 105.

[0078] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the operating parameter may be at least one of the voltage, temperature, current, and stress of the single cell. The calculation circuit 1011 may improve the accuracy of the battery state estimation by calculating the SOC of the single cell according to at least one of the voltage, temperature, current, and stress values ​​of the single cell. The calculation circuit 1011 stores a set mapping relationship, i.e., different SOCs correspond to different dynamic protection thresholds. The set mapping relationship may be stored in the form of a data table. The calculation circuit 1011 may also determine a new dynamic protection threshold using a look-up data table; for example, when the calculated SOC is 60%, the dynamic protection threshold for the single cell corresponding to 60% can be queried through the data table. Based on this, the calculation circuit 1011 determines a new dynamic protection threshold (e.g., dynamic voltage protection threshold, dynamic temperature protection threshold, etc.) for each single cell according to the different charge states of the single cell, stores this dynamic protection threshold in the memory circuit 105, and updates the dynamic protection threshold in the memory circuit 105 by covering the previous dynamic protection threshold with this new threshold.

[0079] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the processing circuit 101 further includes a warning circuit 1012. The warning circuit 1012 is configured to compare the parameter value of an operating parameter with a dynamic protection threshold for the operating parameter stored in the storage circuit 105, and to send a warning message to the higher-level control circuit 20 according to the result of the comparison.

[0080] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the warning circuit 1012 may compare the parameter values ​​of the operating parameters acquired by the acquisition circuit 102 with a dynamic protection threshold stored in the memory circuit 105. For example, if the operating parameters include a voltage parameter and the voltage value is higher than the previous dynamic voltage protection threshold in the memory unit, this indicates that the current voltage of the single cell is overvoltage, and the warning circuit 1012 sends a warning to the control circuit 1013 and / or the higher-level control circuit 20 (i.e., the master control circuit). Thus, when a single cell is operating abnormally, this can be processed simultaneously by both the control circuit 1013 and the higher-level control circuit 20, thereby improving the efficiency of fault handling, even if either the control circuit 1013 or the higher-level control circuit 20 fails.

[0081] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the warning circuit 1012 may determine whether the voltage of a single cell cell is outside the average voltage range according to the average voltage range value of the single cell cell sent by the higher-level control circuit 20 and received by the control circuit 1013. Note that under normal conditions, the average voltage range of a single cell cell is [1.8V to 5.0V].

[0082] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the processing circuit 101 further includes a control circuit 1013. The control circuit 1013 is configured to control a dynamic protection circuit 106 to adjust the operating state of a single cell in accordance with a warning message.

[0083] The control circuit 1013 may receive and process warning messages sent by the warning circuit 1012, and in this process, it protects the single cell by controlling the dynamic protection circuit 106 to switch the state of the single cell. For example, when the voltage of a single cell is overvoltage, the control circuit 1013 protects the voltage of the single cell by controlling the single cell to stop discharging or charging.

[0084] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the operating parameters further include at least one of voltage, current, and temperature. As shown in Figure 1, the acquisition circuit 102 includes at least one of a voltage acquisition circuit 1021, a current acquisition circuit 1022, and a temperature acquisition circuit 1023. Specific combinations are not limited herein.

[0085] The voltage acquisition circuit 1021 is configured to acquire the voltage value of a single cell. The current acquisition circuit 1022 is configured to acquire the current value of a single cell. The temperature acquisition circuit 1023 is configured to acquire the temperature value of a single cell. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the voltage acquisition circuit 1021 can acquire the voltage value by acquiring the potential difference between the positive and negative electrodes of a single cell. The current acquisition circuit 1022 acquires the current value of a single cell via a current sensor.

[0086] During the charging and discharging process, as well as the periodic discharging process, heat is released inside the battery cell. As a result, the temperature of the battery cell differs at different points in time, and the temperature acquisition circuit 1023 acquires the temperature value of the battery cell via a thermistor.

[0087] As shown in Figure 1, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the acquisition circuit 102 further includes a multiplexer 1025 (MUX) with one end connected to a voltage acquisition circuit 1021, a current acquisition circuit 1022, a temperature acquisition circuit 1023, and a stress acquisition circuit 1024, respectively, and the other end connected to a processing circuit 101.

[0088] The processing circuit 101 is further configured to send a selection command to the MUX 1025. The MUX 1025 is configured to select one of the voltage acquisition circuit 1021, current acquisition circuit 1022, temperature acquisition circuit 1023, and stress acquisition circuit 1024 according to the selection command and send the parameter values ​​of the operating parameters of the single cell to the processing circuit 101.

[0089] MUX1025 refers to a circuit, also known as a multiplexer or multiplexing switch, that can select any one of the channels as needed during the process of multi-channel data transmission. In one embodiment of this disclosure, MUX1025 is a multiplexing NMOS or PMOS switch.

[0090] A selection instruction refers to an instruction sent by the processing circuit 101 to obtain one of the operating parameters of a single cell. For example, when MUX1025 receives a selection instruction to obtain the temperature value of a single cell, it opens the loop of the temperature acquisition circuit 1023, which then obtains the temperature of the single cell and sends it to the processing circuit 101.

[0091] As shown in Figure 1, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the dynamic protection circuit 106 includes an overvoltage protection circuit 1062.

[0092] The overvoltage protection circuit 1062 is configured to control the single cell to stop charging or discharging when the voltage value of the single cell exceeds a dynamic voltage protection threshold.

[0093] The dynamic voltage protection threshold refers to the maximum operating voltage of a single cell. In one embodiment, assuming that the dynamic voltage protection threshold of a single cell is 4.3V, the single cell becomes overvoltage when its voltage exceeds 4.3V. At this time, on the one hand, the warning circuit 1012 sends a warning to the higher-level control circuit 20, and on the other hand, the overvoltage protection circuit 1062 controls the single cell to stop discharging or charging.

[0094] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the dynamic protection circuit 106 further includes at least one of the equalization circuit 1061, the over-temperature protection circuit 1063, the over-current protection circuit 1064, and the state protection circuit 1065.

[0095] The equalization circuit 1061 is configured to initiate a voltage equalization strategy when the voltage value of a single cell falls outside a preset average voltage range, so that the voltage of the single cell falls within a preset average voltage range.

[0096] The preset average voltage interval refers to the normal range of the average voltage of each individual cell. When the voltage of a cell falls outside the average voltage interval, this indicates that the current operation state of the cell is abnormal. At this time, on the one hand, the warning circuit 1012 sends a warning to the higher-level control circuit 20, and on the other hand, the equalization circuit 1061 starts a voltage equalization strategy to maintain the voltage of the cell constant, maximize the discharge capacity of the battery, and extend the battery life.

[0097] The over-temperature protection circuit 1063 is configured to control the single cell to enter a sleep state when the temperature value of the single cell exceeds the dynamic temperature protection threshold.

[0098] The dynamic temperature protection threshold refers to the maximum temperature that a single cell can withstand. Normally, the temperature of a single cell must not exceed 125 degrees Celsius; that is, the dynamic temperature protection threshold is 125 degrees Celsius. When the measured temperature of a single cell exceeds 125 degrees Celsius, this indicates that the single cell is overheating. In this case, on the one hand, the warning circuit 1012 sends a warning to the higher-level control circuit 20, and on the other hand, the over-temperature protection circuit 1063 activates the battery thermal management system to lower the battery temperature. Alternatively, when the measured temperature of a single cell exceeds the maximum allowable temperature, the circuit is automatically shut off, and the single cell is controlled to enter a sleep state.

[0099] The overcurrent protection circuit 1064 is configured to control the single cell to stop charging or discharging when the current value of the single cell exceeds a dynamic current protection threshold.

[0100] The dynamic current protection threshold refers to the maximum current that a single cell can withstand. Typically, the current of a single cell does not exceed 5A; that is, the dynamic current protection threshold is 5A in its initial state and is updated according to the usage state of the single cell. In one embodiment, if the current acquired by the single cell is higher than 5A in its initial state, this indicates that the single cell is overcurrent. In this case, on the one hand, the warning circuit 1012 sends a warning to the higher-level control circuit 20, and on the other hand, the overcurrent protection circuit 1064 controls the single cell to stop charging or discharging.

[0101] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the parameter values ​​of operating parameters acquired by any acquisition unit in the acquisition circuit 102 can be obtained by the multiplexer MUX in accordance with the instructions of the control circuit 1013 in the processing circuit 101, and the parameter values ​​can be obtained according to the request of the control circuit 101. In addition, the status of single cell is monitored by the battery cell management chip, reducing the risk of losing status information of the multi-battery string due to single cell failure. Furthermore, this disclosure uses wireless transmission techniques to enable the higher-level control circuit 20 to obtain status information of single cell at any time, thereby enabling the battery cell management system to monitor and manage each battery cell in real time, avoiding the loss of information of the multi-battery string in serial communication due to complex wiring harnesses, and thereby enabling low-power operation. Furthermore, real-time acquisition of the dynamic protection threshold of a single cell can be achieved by estimating the status parameters of a single cell in real time using the processing circuit 101 and determining the dynamic protection threshold of the single cell according to the usage state. Finally, the dynamic protection circuit 106 enables the single cell to operate within the dynamic protection threshold at all times, thereby achieving efficient use and protection of the battery and improving its lifespan.

[0102] One embodiment of a second aspect of the present disclosure also provides a battery system. Figure 4 shows a battery system 2000 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, which is an integrated acquisition, control, and transmission battery system 2000 in which analog front-end (AFE) chips are independently deployed on each single battery cell 2001. The battery system 2000 includes a plurality of battery cells 2001, a plurality of battery cell management chips 10 connected to the plurality of battery cells 2001 in a one-to-one relationship, and a battery cell management system (EMS) 2003. The plurality of battery cells 2001 can form a battery module, and the plurality of battery modules can form a battery, each battery cell 2001 is monitored and managed by the single battery cell management chip 10, and the higher-level control circuit in the EMS and the control circuit in the battery cell management chip 10 communicate wirelessly through a wireless transmission circuit, thereby reducing the complexity of conventional wiring harness connections, improving the convenience of communication, and making maintenance and management of the battery system 2000 more convenient.

[0103] One embodiment of a third aspect of the present disclosure also provides a vehicle. Figure 5 shows a vehicle 3000 of one embodiment of the present disclosure, the vehicle 3000 includes a battery system 2000 according to one of the embodiments of the second aspect of the present disclosure described above, the battery system 2000 supplies power to the vehicle 3000.

[0104] This specification describes various embodiments in an incremental manner, highlighting the differences between each embodiment. The same or similar parts between the embodiments may be referenced to one another.

[0105] While preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described, further modifications and alterations thereto may be made by those skilled in the art once the basic inventive concept becomes well known. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to be construed as including preferred embodiments and any modifications and alterations that fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0106] Finally, it should be noted that the relational terms, such as the first and second, are merely used to distinguish one entity or action from another, and do not necessarily require or suggest any actual relationship or order between such entities or actions. The terms “includes,” “equip,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, where a process, method, article, or terminal device that includes an enumeration of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly enumerated, or elements specific to such process, method, article, or terminal device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase “includes” does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in a process, method, article, or terminal device that includes that element.

[0107] While detailed descriptions of the wireless management chip, battery system, and vehicle provided in this disclosure have been presented, specific examples are applied to illustrate the principles and implementations of this disclosure, and the descriptions of the embodiments are provided merely to help understand the methods and core concepts of this disclosure. On the other hand, those skilled in the art may modify specific embodiments and scopes in accordance with the spirit of this disclosure; that is, the above descriptions should not be understood as limitations on this disclosure. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0108] 10 Battery cell management chip 20 Higher-level control circuits 101 Processing Circuit 1011 Calculation Circuit 1012 Warning circuit 1013 Control circuit 102 Acquisition circuit 1021 Voltage acquisition circuit 1022 Current acquisition circuit 1023 Temperature acquisition circuit 1024 Stress acquisition circuit 1025 Multiplexer 10241 External Sensor 10242 Bridge Circuit 10243 Amplifier Circuit 10244 Wake-up circuit 10245 Wake-up reference circuit 10246 Signal acquisition circuit 10247 Digital Logic Circuits 10248 Communication Interface 103 Power supply 104 Wireless transmission circuit 105 Memory circuit 106 Dynamic protection circuit 1061 Equalization Circuit 1062 Overvoltage protection circuit 1063 Overtemperature protection circuit 1064 Overcurrent protection circuit 1065 State protection circuit

Claims

1. A battery cell management chip (10), wherein the battery cell management chip is connected to a single cell (2001), Processing circuit (101), An acquisition circuit (102) connected to the processing circuit (101) is configured to acquire parameter values ​​of the operating parameters of the single cell (2001) and transmit the parameter values ​​to the processing circuit (101), A power supply (103) connected to the processing circuit (101), configured to supply power to the processing circuit (101), A dynamic protection circuit (106) connected to the processing circuit (101), A memory circuit (105) connected to the processing circuit (101) is configured to store dynamic protection thresholds for the operating parameters, and the memory circuit (105) is configured to store dynamic protection thresholds for the operating parameters. The processing circuit (101) is configured to compare the parameter value of the operating parameter with the dynamic protection threshold, control the dynamic protection circuit (106) to adjust the operating state of the single cell (2001) according to the result of the comparison, determine the state of charge (SOC) of the single cell (2001) according to the parameter value of the operating parameter, and update the dynamic protection threshold of the single cell (2001) stored in the memory circuit (105) according to the SOC. The dynamic protection circuit (106) is configured to adjust the operating state of the single cell (2001) according to the dynamic protection threshold, The aforementioned operating parameters include stress, and the acquisition circuit (102) includes a stress acquisition circuit (1024) configured to acquire the stress value of the single cell (2001). The stress acquisition circuit (1024) includes a bridge circuit (10242) connected to the single cell (2001) via an external sensor (10241), and the bridge circuit (10242) is configured to determine a strain voltage signal according to the strain information inside the single cell (2001) detected by the external sensor (10241), and is a battery cell management chip (10).

2. The battery cell management chip (10) according to claim 1, wherein the dynamic protection circuit (106) includes a state protection circuit (1065) configured to control the single cell (2001) to stop charging or discharging when the stress value of the single cell (2001) is greater than a dynamic stress protection threshold.

3. The battery cell management chip (10) according to claim 1, wherein the external sensor (10241) is a stress sensor, and the stress sensor is a thin-film strain gauge.

4. The thin-film strain gauge is provided on the housing of the single cell (2001), as described in claim 3, for the battery cell management chip (10).

5. The stress acquisition circuit (1024) is An amplification circuit (10243) connected to the bridge circuit (10242), configured to amplify the distortion voltage signal, A signal acquisition circuit (10246) connected to the amplification circuit (10243) is configured to acquire the distortion voltage signal output by the amplification circuit (10243) and convert the distortion voltage signal into a digital signal form. A digital logic circuit (10247) connected to the signal acquisition circuit (10246), configured to optimize and adjust the distorted voltage signal in digital signal form, A communication interface (10248) connected to the digital logic circuit (10247), configured to transmit the distorted voltage signal in digital signal form to the processing circuit (101), The battery cell management chip (10) according to claim 1, further comprising:

6. Multiple single cell cells (2001), Battery cell management system (2003), A battery system (2000) comprising the battery cell management chip (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. A vehicle (3000) comprising the battery system (2000) according to claim 6.

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