Water-repellent knitted fabric, method for manufacturing water-repellent knitted fabric, garment made of water-repellent knitted fabric, and layering including the garment

Abstract

This product provides a water-repellent knitted fabric that has the same water-repellent durability (wash durability) as conventional water-repellent knitted fabrics, while further improving water (sweat) wicking effect and providing a level of bursting strength that is not problematic. [Solution] A water-repellent knitted fabric made of fibers, wherein a water-repellent agent is applied to the surface of the knitted fabric, and satisfies the following (1) to (7). (1) The openings formed in the knitted fabric are of two or more different types with different opening areas. (2) The opening area is selected from two or more types within the range of 0.3 mm² to 3.6 mm². (3) The number of openings is 160 to 360 per [45 mm × 67 mm]. (4) The total opening ratio is 4.0% or more and 9.0% or less. (5) The initial water drainage rate is 70% or more. (6) The rate of reversal is 3.0% or less. (7) The initial burst strength is between 150 kPa and 300 kPa.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a water-repellent knitted fabric, a method for producing the water-repellent knitted fabric, a garment composed of the water-repellent knitted fabric, and layering (wearing in layers) including the garment.

Background Art

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses a water-repellent knitted fabric that is constituted by multifilaments made of a thermoplastic resin, has a water repellent agent applied to the surface of the knitted fabric, and satisfies the following (1) to (4). (1) The number of openings between stitches of the knitted fabric is 20 to 40 per [12 cm × 12 cm], and the size of the openings is 7 to 25 mm 2 . (2) The initial water repellency measured according to the spray method described in JIS L-1092 is grade 3 or higher. (3) The initial water permeability is 70% or more. (4) The initial burst strength measured according to Method A described in JIS L-1096 is 200 kPa or more and 500 kPa or less.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] However, in Patent Document 1, since importance is placed on the balance between openings (voids) and burst strength, water permeability is sacrificed. In addition, due to the rapid changes in environmental temperature in recent years, not only the sweat (water) permeability but also the sweat backflow property are important, and improvement of both is demanded.

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a water-repellent knitted fabric which has water-repellent durability (washing durability) similar to that of Patent Document 1, has improved water (sweat) permeability and reversion resistance, has burst strength at a level with no problem, and has good texture (feel on skin), and a method for producing the water-repellent knitted fabric. [Means for Solving the Problems]

[0006] The water-repellent knitted fabric of the present invention is a knitted fabric composed of fibers, a water repellent agent is applied to the surface of the knitted fabric (the surface includes the surface of the fiber yarn), and the following (1) to (7) are satisfied. (1) The openings (also referred to as "mesh holes", "holes", "meshes", and "voids") formed in the knitted fabric are two or more types of openings having different opening areas. (2) The opening areas are two or more selected from the range of 0.3 mm 2 to 3.6 mm 2 . (3) The number of the openings is 160 to 360 per [45 mm × 67 mm]. (4) The total opening ratio (percentage of total opening area per unit area) is 4.0% or more and 9.0% or less, preferably 4.4% or more and 8.6% or less. (5) The initial water permeability is 70% or more. (6) The reversion rate is 3.0% or less. (7) The initial burst strength is 150 kPa or more and 500 kPa or less, preferably 180 kPa or more and 500 kPa or less. The water-repellent knitted fabric further satisfies that (8) the initial water repellency is grade 3 or higher, preferably grade 4 or higher, and the water repellency after 150 washes is grade 3 or higher.

[0007] The openings may have two types of openings with different areas, and may be constituted by first openings with a first opening area and a first number, and second openings with a second opening area larger than the first opening area and a second number larger than the first number. The aforementioned opening may consist of three types of openings with different areas, comprising: a first opening with a first opening area and a first number of openings; a second opening with a second opening area larger than the first opening area and a second number of openings larger than the first number of openings; and a third opening with a third opening area larger than the second opening area and a third number of openings within the range of the first to the second number of openings. The aforementioned opening may have four or more openings of different areas.

[0008] With respect to the total opening ratio, the opening ratio of the first opening may be 10% to 30%, and the opening ratio of the second opening may be 70% to 90%. With respect to the total opening ratio, the opening ratio of the first opening may be 10% to 20%, the opening ratio of the second opening may be 30% to 50%, and the opening ratio of the third opening may be 20% to 30%. The number of first apertures, second apertures, and third apertures may be the same or different.

[0009] The aforementioned fibers may consist of one or more fibers selected from, for example, nylon, polyurethane, polyester, polypropylene, acrylic, rayon, and acetate.

[0010] (Manufacturing method) The method for manufacturing water-repellent knitted fabric according to the present invention is: A knitted fabric made of fibers, wherein the openings (mesh holes) formed in the knitted fabric are of two or more types with different opening areas, and the opening area is 0.3 mm 2 From 3.6mm 2 A process for producing a knitted fabric which is two or more types selected from, has 160 to 360 openings per [45mm x 67mm], and has a total opening ratio (total opening area / percentage of unit area) of 4.0% or more and 9.0% or less, This includes applying a water-repellent treatment to the knitted fabric using a water-repellent agent.

[0011] (Clothing and layering) The garment of the present invention is a garment that comes into direct contact with the skin and is made of the water-repellent knitted fabric described above. Furthermore, the garment of the present invention is a garment that comes into direct contact with the skin and is made of a water-repellent knitted fabric manufactured by the water-repellent knitted fabric manufacturing method described above.

[0012] The layering of the present invention includes at least the above-mentioned garment and at least one (first) upper garment that is worn directly over the above-mentioned garment.

[0013] (Effects and Benefits) (1) This water-repellent knit fabric has the same water-repellent durability (wash durability) as conventional water-repellent knit fabrics, improved water (sweat) drainage and backflow properties, sufficient bursting strength, and a good texture (feel against the skin). (2) Clothing (underwear) made of the water-repellent knitted fabric of the present invention has excellent washing durability, and also possesses strong water-repellent properties that make it highly resistant to friction when layered, as well as having a superior texture. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0014] [Figure 1A] Two types of opening patterns and examples of knitted fabrics for the opening patterns of Examples 1 and 2 are shown. [Figure 1B] Examples of knitted fabrics with opening patterns for Comparative Examples 1 to 4 are shown. [Figure 1C] Examples of knitted fabrics with opening patterns from Comparative Examples 5 to 8 are shown. [Figure 2] An example of the evaluation results for the examples and comparative examples is shown. [Figure 3] An example of the evaluation results for the examples and comparative examples is shown. [Figure 4] Here is an example of the results of a sensory evaluation of texture. [Figure 5A] This is a diagram illustrating the water permeability test method. [Figure 5B] This is a diagram illustrating the backflow test method. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0015] (Embodiment 1) Hereinafter, the present embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0016] The water-repellent knitted fabric of Embodiment 1 is a knitted fabric composed of fibers, a water repellent agent is applied to the surface of the knitted fabric (the surface includes the surfaces of the fiber yarns), and the following (1) to (7) are satisfied. (1) The openings (mesh holes) formed in the knitted fabric are of two or more types having different opening areas. (2) The opening area is 0.3 mm 2 to 3.6 mm 2 of two or more types selected therefrom. (3) The number of the openings is 160 to 360 per [45 mm × 67 mm]. (4) The total opening ratio (percentage of total opening area per unit area) is 4.0% or more and 9.0% or less, preferably 4.4% or more and 8.6% or less. (5) The initial water permeability is 70% or more, preferably 71% or more, more preferably 72% or more. (6) The reversion property is 3.0% or less, preferably 2.8% or less, more preferably 2.6% or less. (7) The initial burst strength is 150 kPa or more and 500 kPa or less, preferably 180 kPa or more and 500 kPa or less. The water-repellent knitted fabric further satisfies the following: (8) The initial water repellency is grade 3 or higher, preferably grade 4 or higher, and the water repellency after 150 washes is grade 3 or higher.

[0017] The openings include a first opening and a second opening having different opening areas. The first opening has a first opening area of 0.3 mm 2 to 0.6 mm 2 , preferably 0.32 mm 2 to 0.6 mm 2 , more preferably 0.34 mm 2 to 0.6 mm 2 , and the number of the first openings is 60 or more and 160 or less per unit area (45 mm × 67 mm), preferably 70 or more and 100 or less, more preferably 80 to 90. The first aperture area may be the average value of the first aperture number mentioned above. The second opening has a second opening area of ​​0.65 mm². 2 From 3.6mm 2 The range, preferably 0.7 mm 2 From 2.0mm 2 The range, more preferably 0.7 mm 2 From 2.0mm 2 The second aperture is selected from the range, and the second aperture is 100 to 200 per unit area (45m x 67mm), preferably 120 to 150, and more preferably 134 to 145. The second aperture area may be the average value of the second aperture number mentioned above. The second opening area may be 1.2 times or more, preferably 1.4 times or more, more preferably 1.5 times or more, and even more preferably 2 times or more, the first opening area.

[0018] In the present invention, the term "opening" is not limited to mesh pores in a mesh structure, but includes openings (pores) formed in other knitted structures. The shape of the opening may be, for example, circular, oval, elliptical, rectangular, rhombic, or elliptical. The first opening may be rectangular, rhomboid, or elliptical, and may have a width of 0.3 to 0.7 mm and a vertical length of 0.8 to 1.2 mm. The second opening may be rectangular, rhomboid, or elliptical in shape, and may have a width of 0.8 to 1.2 mm and a vertical length of 1.8 to 2.2 mm.

[0019] With respect to the total opening ratio, the opening ratio of the first opening may be 10% to 30%, preferably 12% to 25%, and the opening ratio of the second opening may be 70% to 90%, preferably 75% to 88%. By making the opening ratio of the openings with smaller opening areas smaller than that of the openings with larger opening areas, water drainage can be improved and the decrease in burst strength can be suppressed.

[0020] (opening) In this invention, by simultaneously specifying two or more opening areas (sizes) and their number within a particular range, a knitted fabric can be made that achieves both water (sweat) wicking properties and bursting strength. In particular, by employing openings of two different opening areas, it is possible to improve not only water (sweat) wicking properties but also the ability to prevent sweat from returning to the surface. Increasing the opening area improves sweat wicking properties, but increases the amount of sweat that returns when layered. By using a combination of openings with small and large opening areas, it is possible to improve both sweat wicking properties and the ability to prevent sweat from returning to the surface in a balanced way. Furthermore, increasing the number of openings weakens the bursting strength, while conversely, reducing the size or number of openings in an attempt to improve bursting strength results in poor water drainage and backflow resistance.

[0021] The aforementioned fibers may consist of one or more fibers selected from, for example, nylon, polyurethane, polyester, polypropylene, acrylic, rayon, and acetate. Other types of fibers include, for example, regenerated fibers such as rayon and semi-synthetic fibers such as acetate.

[0022] The thickness (fineness) of the synthetic fiber may be, for example, 20 to 100 denier, preferably 24 to 90 denier, and more preferably 26 to 80 denier. Lightweight and with sufficient durability for breaking and washing, a denier count of 20 to 100 denier is preferable. The synthetic fiber may be composed of nylon and polyurethane. It is preferable to use nylon from the viewpoint of coolness upon contact, and polyurethane from the viewpoint of stretchability (elongation). The nylon may be, for example, 20 to 40 denier. The polyurethane may be, for example, 60 to 100 denier.

[0023] The water-repellent knitted fabric may be composed of 80-90% by mass of nylon and 10-20% by mass of polyurethane. Nylon offers a greater cooling sensation upon contact than polyurethane, and from the standpoint of stretchability, it is preferable to use polyurethane.

[0024] (Multifilament) The aforementioned fiber may be a multifilament. Examples of multifilaments include those composed of polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, polyolefin fibers, and polyurethane fibers.

[0025] Examples of polyester resins that make up polyester fibers include aromatic polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and polytrimethylene terephthalate, as well as cationic dyeable polyesters and polylactic acid. Polyester fibers are preferred because they are wrinkle-resistant and have excellent strength.

[0026] Examples of polyamide resins that make up polyamide fibers include nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 46, nylon 11, and nylon 56. Polyamide fibers have excellent strength and water absorption properties, which can improve water drainage.

[0027] Examples of polyolefin resins that make up polyolefin fibers include polypropylene and polyethylene.

[0028] Examples of polyolefin resins that make up polyurethane fibers include polyester-based polyurethane and ether-based polyurethane.

[0029] The single fiber fineness of the multifilament is, for example, 0.1 to 10 dtex, preferably 0.3 to 8 dtex, and more preferably 0.5 to 6 dtex. The total fineness of the multifilament can be, for example, 30 to 300 dtex, preferably 30 to 250 dtex, and more preferably 30 to 180 dtex. The number of filaments in a multifilament is determined by the fineness of the individual fibers used and the total fineness, but examples include 2 to 400 filaments.

[0030] Multifilaments include, for example, blended yarns made by blending with other fibers, twisted yarns made by twisting with other fibers, or false-twisted yarns.

[0031] The single fibers constituting a multifilament may have a circular or irregular cross-sectional shape when cut perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fiber. Examples of circular cross-sections include circles, ellipses, rectangles without corners, three-lobed shapes, and four-lobed shapes. The cross-sectional shape may be constant along the longitudinal direction of the fiber or may vary.

[0032] Multifilaments include, for example, blended yarns made by blending with other fibers, twisted yarns made by twisting with other fibers, or false-twisted yarns.

[0033] (Water repellent) In the above-mentioned water-repellent knitted fabric, the water-repellent agent is not particularly limited as long as it is capable of exhibiting water repellency. However, considering the impact on the environment, it may be one or more selected from fluorine-based water-repellent agents having a perfluoroalkyl group with 6 or fewer carbon atoms, silicone-based water-repellent agents, or hydrocarbon-based water-repellent agents. Furthermore, it is preferable that the water repellent is a non-fluorine-based water repellent. It is preferable that the above-mentioned water-repellent agent is applied uniformly or substantially uniformly to the first main surface, the second main surface, and / or to the interior of the knitted fabric in the thickness direction.

[0034] Examples of non-fluorine water repellents include polyurethane-based (e.g., AGC FibraLAST AG-1600), durable water-repellent (e.g., Nikka Chemical NeoSeed NR-7080), non-fluorine COM-based (e.g., Kyokenkasei COM-177), amino ion-based (e.g., Nippon Emulsifier Amino Ion SC), silicone-based, acrylic-based, and wax-based types.

[0035] The amount of the above water-repellent agent applied is, for example, 1.1 g / m². 2 ~6.0g / m 2 Preferably 1.2 g / m 2 ~5.0g / m 2 More preferably 1.3 g / m 2 ~4.5g / m 2 The amount of water-repellent agent applied is 1.1 g / m². 2 If the value is less than 6.0 g / m², washing durability may decrease. 2 If it exceeds this limit, the texture may deteriorate.

[0036] The weight of the aforementioned water-repellent knitted fabric is, for example, 60 g / m². 2 More than 120g / m 2 Preferably, 70 g / m 2 More than 120g / m 2 More preferably 80 g / m² 2 More than 120g / m 2 More preferably, 85 g / m 2 More than 120g / m 2 The following is also acceptable. Lightweight and with high durability in terms of breakage and washing, it weighs 60g / m 2 More than 120g / m 2 The following are preferable.

[0037] (Thickness of the knitted fabric) The thickness of the water-repellent knitted fabric described above can be, for example, 200 to 1500 μm, preferably 300 to 1000 μm. The thickness of the water-repellent knitted fabric is measured according to JIS L1096 8.4 Thickness Method A.

[0038] (editing density) The knitting density of the water-repellent knitted fabric is such that, for example, the number of wales (W) per inch is in the range of 30 to 76, preferably in the range of 40 to 60. For example, the number of courses (C) per inch is in the range of 50 to 96, preferably in the range of 60 to 80. The combination of wale / inch (W) and course / inch (C) is preferably within the above range, for example, 54(W) / 72(C), 52(W) / 75(C), 52(W) / 73(C), 53(W) / 72(C), 53(W) / 73(C), 53(W) / 75(C), 54(W) / 73(C), 54(W) / 72(C), 54(W) / 75(C), etc.

[0039] (Mesh pattern) The jacquard mesh structure (pattern) is preferably formed using a warp-knitting piezo jacquard machine. In warp knitting (such as Raschel knitting), multiple warp threads are simultaneously looped and connected to adjacent threads. By leaving loops unconnected at certain points, or by combining specific knitting structures (such as chain stitches), holes (mesh) of various sizes and shapes can be formed.

[0040] Examples of the knitting structures for the water-repellent fabrics mentioned above include waffle, jersey, smooth, rib knit, lace, mesh, blister, reversible, tricot, raschel, jacquard, single knit, double knit, circular knit, weft knit, and warp knit. Among these, jacquard mesh is preferred because it offers an excellent balance of water repellency, water drainage, bursting strength, and texture.

[0041] Figure 1 shows an example of a mesh pattern. In the repeating pattern of the water-repellent knitted fabric 1, a first opening 2 with a small opening area and a second opening 3 with a large opening area are formed within a unit area (45 mm x 67 mm). [Table 1]

[0042] In this invention, the "initial" state of the knitted fabric refers to the state immediately after the fabric is manufactured, or the state in which it is distributed as a product that can be purchased by consumers, such as retailers. The same applies hereinafter.

[0043] (Evaluation of water drainage) In terms of water drainage, the water drainage after initial use or 150 washes at home is 70% or more, preferably 71% or more, and more preferably 72% or more. If it is 70% or more, sweat can be quickly transferred to the outer garment when layering clothes.

[0044] The method for measuring water drainage is shown below (see Figure 5A). Measurements are taken with N=3, and the average value is calculated. (1) Prepare the test samples. The number of test samples is 3. The water-repellent knit fabric 52 that we want to evaluate, and on top of this water-repellent knit fabric, a 20cm square piece of knit fabric 53 (Finetrack's "Draught Quad" fabric, 100% polyester, 120g / m weight) 2 ) are stacked together to create a test sample. The weight of the "Draught Quad" fabric is measured in advance. (1) Place the test sample on a 20cm square water-repellent treated glass plate 51. Let N=3. (2) The test sample has a bottom surface (400cm) with a load of 500g. 2 ) places a flat weight 54 on it. (3) Insert the nozzle 50 connected to the metering pump between the glass plate 51 and the test sample (water-repellent knitted fabric 52 on the bottom) and supply 0.15 ml of water over 5 minutes. (4) One minute after supplying for 5 minutes, measure the amount of moisture transferred to the upper knit fabric 53 of the test sample. Calculate the amount of moisture relative to the supplied water volume (0.15 ml) (water drainage = moisture transfer rate). Water drainage (%) = (Weight of knit fabric after water absorption - Weight of knit fabric before water absorption) / Amount of water supplied (0.15 ml) × 100 Find the average value for N=3. Draught Quad's knit fabric 53 is made of 63% polyester and 37% composite fibers (polyester), with a weight of approximately 120g / m². 2 That is the case.

[0045] (Evaluation of reversal potential) The aforementioned reverse flow property (reverse flow rate) after initial washing or 150 home washes is 3.0% or less, preferably 2.8% or less, and more preferably 2.4% or less. If it is 3.0% or less, in actual use when layering clothes, the movement of sweat from the outer garment through the water-repellent knit fabric on the skin side to the skin can be minimized.

[0046] The method for measuring backflow is shown below (see Figure 5B). The measurement is performed with N=3, and the average value is calculated. (1) Prepare the test samples. The number of test samples is 3. The water-repellent knit fabric 52 that we want to evaluate, and on top of this water-repellent knit fabric 52, a 20cm square piece of knit fabric 53 (Finetrack's "Draught Quad" fabric, 100% polyester, 120g / m weight) 2 The two materials are stacked together to form a test sample. The weights of the knit fabric 53 and the water-repellent knit fabric 52 are measured in advance. (1) Drop 0.75g of water 55 onto a 20cm square water-repellent treated glass plate 511. Place the test sample on top of it. (2) The test sample has a bottom surface (400cm) with a load of 500g. 2 ) places a flat weight 54 on it. (3) Place the weight 54 on top and leave for 1 minute. (4) Remove the weight 54 and glass plate 511, remove the test sample and place it on another glass plate 512 (place the knit fabric 53 on the bottom and the water-repellent knit fabric 52 on top). (5) Place the filter paper 542 on the water-repellent knitted fabric 52 of the test sample, then place another weight 541 (load 10 kg) and a water-repellent treated glass plate 512 that will come into contact with the filter paper on top of it, and leave it for 30 seconds. The weight of the filter paper 542 should be measured in advance. (6) Remove the weight 541 and the glass plate 512, remove the filter paper 542, and measure the weight of the filter paper 542. (7) Calculate the amount of water absorbed by filter paper 542 (return water amount = weight of filter paper after water absorption - weight of filter paper before water absorption). Backflow rate (%) = Backflow amount (g) / Amount of water supplied to the glass plate (g) (=0.75g) × 100 Find the average value for N=3.

[0047] (Evaluation of burst strength) The bursting strength is measured according to Method A of JIS L-1096 (ISO 13938-1). In terms of bursting strength, the bursting strength at the initial stage or after 150 home washes is 150 kPa or more and 300 kPa or less, preferably 180 kPa or more and 300 kPa or less, and more preferably 190 kPa or more and 300 kPa or less. In terms of durability in actual use, such as elongation, 150 kPa or more is preferred.

[0048] The method for testing burst strength is shown below. (1) The test specimen (water-repellent knitted fabric) is secured to the base of the burst test machine with a ring-shaped clamp. The base has a hole in the center, and a rubber membrane is ejected by hydraulic pressure. (2) When pressure is applied, the rubber membrane expands. (3) At this time, the test specimen is fixed with a clamp, so force is applied to the test specimen and eventually pierces the mesh. This is the strength (pressure) required for the rubber membrane to pierce the test specimen. (4) The strength of the rubber membrane alone at the time of rupture is also measured. (5) The value obtained by subtracting the strength of the rubber membrane alone from the strength with which the rubber membrane penetrates the test specimen is the value of "bursting strength".

[0049] (Water repellency test) Water repellency is measured according to the spray method described in JIS L-1092, and is the water repellency measured initially or after 150 home washes. "Home laundry" follows method 103 described in JIS L-0217. The same applies hereafter. Initially, a passing grade is 4 or higher, and a passing grade of 3 or higher is achieved after 150 washes.

[0050] (Water-repellent and washable) The above water-repellent knitted fabric may further satisfy the following (8) from the viewpoint of having excellent water-repellent durability when washed. (8) The water repellency measured according to the spray method after 150 household washes is grade 3 or higher. Preferably, the water-repellent knitted fabric has a water-repellency rating of 4 or higher after 120 home washes, and a water-repellency rating of 3 or higher after 150 home washes.

[0051] (Sensory evaluation of texture) The above water-repellent knitted fabric may further satisfy (C) below in terms of superior surface texture. (C) Place a 20cm square knitted fabric sample on a flat surface and rub the fabric with your palm. Sensory evaluation will be conducted on the "soft and gentle feel" and the "rough and coarse feel" when rubbed. Ten panelists (women in their 20s to 50s) will be trained by setting standard knitted fabrics for each evaluation point of the tactile feel (texture) of knitted fabrics, and then sensory evaluation will be conducted based on touch, with the evaluation points as follows. Soft and gentle feel: 1 point Slightly soft and gentle texture: 2 points Neither agree nor disagree: 3 points Slightly rough and coarse texture: 4 points Rough and coarse texture: 5 points An average score of less than 2.2 for 10 participants is considered acceptable, and preferably the advantage level is 5% or less. The lower the average value, the better the texture. The ratings were as follows: "Less than 2.0: Excellent," "2.0 to less than 3.0: Good," "3.0 to less than 3.5: Average," and "3.5 or higher: Poor."

[0052] (Manufacturing method) The method for manufacturing water-repellent knitted fabric according to the present invention is: A knitted fabric made of synthetic fibers, wherein the openings (mesh holes) formed in the knitted fabric are of two or more types with different opening areas, and the opening area is 0.3 mm 2 From 3.6mm 2 The process includes producing a knitted fabric which is two or more types selected from the above, has 160 to 360 openings per [45mm x 67mm], and has a total opening ratio (total opening area / percentage of unit area) of 4.0% or more and 10.0% or less, and applying a water-repellent treatment to the knitted fabric using a water-repellent agent. This manufacturing method allows for the successful production of water-repellent knitted fabrics with excellent washability (wash durability), sufficient water repellency, water drainage, and bursting strength.

[0053] The above manufacturing method may include a post-processing (final setting) after the water-repellent treatment. The above manufacturing method may also involve performing dyeing, water-repellent treatment, and post-processing (final setting) in this order. In the above manufacturing method, a scouring treatment may be performed before the dyeing process. In the above manufacturing method, an alkali weight reduction treatment may be performed before the dyeing process.

[0054] Other methods for manufacturing water-repellent knitted fabrics are: This includes applying a water-repellent agent to synthetic fibers to make them water-repellent, and then knitting them. The above manufacturing method may include post-processing (final setting) before knitting. The above manufacturing method may also involve performing water-repellent treatment, post-processing (final setting), and knitting in this order. The above manufacturing method may also involve performing dyeing, water-repellent treatment, post-processing (final setting), and knitting in this order. In the above manufacturing method, a scouring treatment may be performed before the dyeing process. In the above manufacturing method, an alkali weight reduction treatment may be performed before the dyeing process.

[0055] Water-repellent treatment of multifilaments is a process of applying a water-repellent agent to the multifilaments. Examples of water-repellent treatment include methods such as unwinding the multifilaments from a bobbin (or cone) on which they are wound and continuously conveying them while immersing them in a water-repellent bath for a predetermined time to apply the water-repellent agent (bath conveying), or methods such as immersing the multifilaments in a water-repellent bath for a predetermined time, either in skeins or bobbins. Water-repellent treatment may also include predetermined dewatering and drying processes.

[0056] The water-repellent agent used for water-repellent treatment of multifilaments is not particularly limited as long as it can exhibit water repellency. However, considering the impact on the environment, one or more types may be selected from fluorine-based water-repellents having a perfluoroalkyl group with 6 or fewer carbon atoms, non-fluorine-based water-repellents such as silicone-based water-repellents, or hydrocarbon-based water-repellents. In addition to water-repellent agents, auxiliary agents such as crosslinking agents, softeners, antistatic agents, and catalysts may also be used.

[0057] The amount of the above water-repellent agent applied to the multifilament is, for example, 1.1 g / m². 2 ~6.0g / m 2 Preferably 1.2 g / m 2 ~5.0g / m 2 More preferably 1.3 g / m 2 ~4.5g / m 2 The amount of water-repellent agent applied is 1.1 g / m². 2 If the value is less than 6.0 g / m², washing durability may decrease. 2 If it exceeds this limit, the texture may deteriorate. If a water-repellent treatment is performed in a later step, a smaller amount than the above may be used, as long as the final amount of coating is adjusted to match the above.

[0058] Knitting is a process of knitting multifilaments in a predetermined knitting structure. Through this process, the knitted fabric is formed with two or more openings (mesh holes) of different opening areas, and the opening area is 0.3 mm². 2 From 3.6mm 2 The knitted fabric is obtained which consists of two or more types selected from the above, has 160 to 360 openings per [45mm x 67mm], and has a total opening ratio (total opening area / percentage of unit area) of 4.0% or more and 9.0% or less. Examples of knitting machines used for the knitting process include circular knitting machines, weft knitting machines, warp knitting machines, and warp knitting piezo jacquard machines.

[0059] Scouring is a process that removes impurities such as dirt, oil, and starch from knitted fabric (or multifilament) using, for example, bleach or cleaning agents. Additives such as chelating agents and penetrating agents may also be used.

[0060] In the manufacturing process, alkaline weight reduction processing may be performed before dyeing. Alkali weight reduction processing is a process in which the surface of the knitted fabric (or multifilament) is dissolved (hydrolyzed) with a strong alkaline solution such as caustic soda to reduce its weight. The degree of weight reduction is preferably determined by balancing the texture and the wash durability of the water repellent. In addition, auxiliary agents such as weight reduction accelerators may be used.

[0061] Dyeing is the process of dyeing knitted fabric (or multifilament) with dye. In addition to dye, chelating agents, penetrating and leveling agents, dispersing and leveling agents, auxiliary agents, penetrating agents, etc. may also be used. Examples of dyeing methods include methods in which long lengths of knitted fabric (or multifilament) are continuously conveyed and immersed in a dye bath for a predetermined time (single-bath dyeing method, single-bath multi-stage dyeing method, multi-bath multi-stage dyeing method), as well as batch dyeing methods such as thermosol dyeing, cold pad batch method, high-pressure liquid flow dyeing method, high-pressure beam dyeing method, pad steam method, pad dyeing method, and rapid dyeing. After dyeing for the predetermined time, the knitted fabric (or multifilament) is washed, dehydrated, and dried. Soaping may be performed after dyeing, or after water-repellent treatment. Furthermore, treatments using crosslinking agents, softeners, antistatic agents, auxiliary agents, etc., may be applied during or before / after each of the dyeing, water-repellent, alkali weight reduction, and kneading processes.

[0062] Water-repellent treatment of knitted fabrics is a process of applying a water-repellent agent. Examples of water-repellent treatments include methods such as continuously conveying long lengths of knitted fabric and immersing them in a water-repellent bath for a predetermined time to apply the water-repellent agent (bath conveying), padding, and printing (rolling). Water-repellent treatment may also include predetermined dewatering and drying processes.

[0063] The water repellent is not particularly limited as long as it can exhibit water repellency, but considering the impact on the environment, it may be one or more selected from fluorine-based water repellents having a perfluoroalkyl group with 6 or fewer carbon atoms, non-fluorine-based water repellents such as silicone-based water repellents, or hydrocarbon-based water repellents. In addition to the water repellent, auxiliary agents such as crosslinking agents, softeners, antistatic agents, and catalysts may also be used.

[0064] It is preferable that the water-repellent agent is uniformly or substantially uniformly applied to the first main surface, the second main surface, or the interior of the knitted fabric in the thickness direction. It is also preferable that the water-repellent agent is uniformly or substantially uniformly applied to the outer circumference of the multifilaments. The "application" and "adhesion" of the water-repellent agent may be by chemical and / or physical mechanisms.

[0065] The amount of water-repellent agent applied is, for example, 1.1 g / m². 2 ~6.0g / m 2 Preferably 1.2 g / m 2 ~5.0g / m 2 More preferably 1.3 g / m 2 ~4.5g / m 2 That is the case.

[0066] Final setting is the finishing process for knitted fabrics (or multifilaments), and includes, for example, softening, heat treatment, and dimensional adjustment.

[0067] (Clothing and layering) The garment of the present invention is a garment that comes into direct contact with the skin and is made of the water-repellent knitted fabric described above. Furthermore, the garment of the present invention is a garment that comes into direct contact with the skin and is made of a water-repellent knitted fabric manufactured by the water-repellent knitted fabric manufacturing method described above.

[0068] The above-mentioned clothing (underwear) includes, for example, shirts, pants, trousers, socks, hat liners, gloves, undershirts, bras, shorts, T-shirts, tights, and balaclavas.

[0069] The layering of the present invention includes at least the above-mentioned garment and at least one (first) upper garment that is worn directly over the above-mentioned garment. The above layering may further include a second upper garment worn over the first upper garment. The above layering may further include a third upper garment worn over the second upper garment. The above layering may involve wearing yet another garment on top of the third upper garment. The clothing of this invention allows sweat generated from the skin to pass through quickly. Due to its highly durable water-repellent properties, it prevents sweat and rain from getting back on you.

[0070] The first layer garment is worn over the underwear. The first layer garment has heat retention, sweat absorption and diffusion properties, and moisture control properties, absorbing and diffusing sweat from the underwear. The first layer garment is made of fabrics such as synthetic fibers such as polyester, nylon, acetate, and rayon, or natural fibers such as wool, silk, and cotton, or blends thereof.

[0071] The second upper garment is worn over the first upper garment. The second upper garment has heat retention, sweat absorption and diffusion properties, and evaporates sweat. The second upper garment is made of fabric from synthetic fibers such as polyester, nylon, acetate, and rayon, or natural fibers such as wool, silk, and cotton, or blends thereof.

[0072] The third upper layer garment is worn over the second upper layer garment. The third upper layer garment is windproof, heat-retaining, and waterproof and breathable, and allows evaporated sweat to permeate to the outside. The third upper layer garment has a three-layer structure, for example, nylon (or polyester), a fluorine coating or polyurethane coating, and nylon (or polyester).

[0073] Outerwear is worn over the third layer of outerwear. Outerwear is cold-resistant, windproof, waterproof and breathable, and rainproof, while allowing evaporated sweat to permeate to the outside. Outerwear is, for example, a three-layer structure consisting of stretchable nylon (or polyester), a fluorine coating or polyurethane coating, and nylon (or polyester). Furthermore, the above-mentioned garments are not limited to those possessing the above-mentioned functions; functions can be omitted or other functions added depending on the intended use.

[0074] (Examples and comparative examples of water-repellent knitted fabrics) Figure 2 shows the evaluation results for the examples and comparative examples.

[0075] (Evaluation method) (1-1) When the first opening (hole) and the second opening (hole) are elliptical The major and minor axes of the openings (ellipses) of the knitted fabrics obtained in the examples and comparative examples were measured with a ruler, and the area of ​​the openings (holes) was calculated by multiplying the major and minor axes. Opening area (mm 2 ) = (length of the major axis of the ellipse / 2) × (length of the minor axis of the ellipse / 2) × 3.14 (1-2) When the first opening (hole) and the second opening (hole) are circles The diameter of the opening (circle) in the knitted fabric was measured with a ruler, and the area of ​​the circle was calculated. Opening area (mm 2 )=(diameter / 2) 2 ×3.14 (2) Number of first and second openings The number of first and second openings contained within a rectangular area of ​​45 mm × 67 mm of the repeating pattern of the knitted fabric obtained in the examples and comparative examples was counted.

[0076] (2) Water drainage (2-1) The above method for measuring water drainage was performed. (2-2) The above method for measuring backflow was performed.

[0077] (3) Bursting strength The above method for measuring burst strength was used.

[0078] (4) Water repellency (wash durability) (4-1) Initial: Measurements were taken according to the spray method described in JIS L-1092. (4-2) 150 washes: After 150 washes at home according to Method 103 described in JIS L-0217, measurements were taken according to the spray method described in JIS L-1092.

[0079] (5) Texture (5-1) A sensory evaluation of the above texture was conducted.

[0080] (Examples) Water-repellent knitted fabrics were manufactured according to Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-7. The specifications and evaluation results for each are shown in Figures 2, 3, and 4. A small prototype manufacturing apparatus and a large mass production apparatus were used. Nylon (Nylon multifilament (33 dextrin 26 filaments), circular cross-section of single filament fibers) 88% Polyurethane (Polyurethane monofilament (78 decitex)) 12%

[0081] First, using a multifilament of nylon and polyurethane, a mesh structure (Example 1) with a repeating pattern (45 mm wide x 67 mm long) was knitted on a piezo jacquard machine at 54(W) / 72(C) to obtain the repeating pattern shown in Figure 1. The mesh structure of Example 2 has half the area of ​​the second opening compared to Example 1. The area and number of openings for Comparative Examples 1 to 7 are shown in Figure 3. Next, the knitted fabric was scouring, dyeing (drying), water-repellent treatment, and final setting to obtain a water-repellent knitted fabric.

[0082] (Evaluation results) The evaluation results are shown in Figures 2, 3, and 4. Example 1 showed good balance between the ratio of the first and second opening ratios, a bursting strength of 150 kPa or more, water drainage of 72% or more, and a backflow rate of 3.0% or less. It also had a wash durability (150 washes) of grade 3 or higher, and a good texture.

[0083] In Example 2, although the second opening area was 50% of that in Example 1, the bursting strength was 150 kPa or higher, water drainage was 71% or higher, and the backflow rate was 3.0% or lower, all of which were excellent. The wash durability (150 washes) was also of grade 3 or higher, and the texture was also good.

[0084] Comparative Example 1 had an opening with twice the opening area of ​​the first opening surface of Example 1 and an opening with twice the opening area of ​​the second opening surface, but the backflow rate exceeded 3.0%, the burst strength was less than 150 kPa, and the texture was not good.

[0085] Comparative Example 2 had an opening with an opening area three times that of the first opening area of ​​Example 1 and an opening with an opening area three times that of the second opening surface, but the backflow rate exceeded 3.0%, the burst strength was less than 150 kPa, and the texture was also poor.

[0086] Comparative Example 3 had twice the number of openings as the first opening in Example 1 and twice the number of openings as the second opening, but the backflow rate exceeded 3.0%, the burst strength was less than 150 kPa, and the texture was also poor.

[0087] Comparative Example 4 had three times the number of openings as Example 1's first opening, and lacked an opening corresponding to the second opening. However, the bursting strength of the water-repellent knitted fabric in the prototype manufacturing equipment was less than 150 kPa, and the texture was also poor.

[0088] Comparative Example 5 had a higher basis weight than Example 1, the same first opening area but fewer openings, and no openings corresponding to the second opening, but its water drainage was less than 70.

[0089] Comparative Example 6 had the same basis weight as Comparative Example 5, an opening area twice that of the first opening area, and the same number of components as Comparative Example 5, but lacked an opening corresponding to the second opening. However, its water drainage was less than 70, and the bursting strength of the water-repellent knitted fabric in the prototype manufacturing equipment was less than 150 kPa.

[0090] Comparative Example 7 had the same basis weight as Comparative Example 5, an opening area three times that of the first opening area, and the same number of components as Comparative Example 5, but lacked an opening corresponding to the second opening. However, its burst strength was less than 150 kPa, and its texture was not good.

[0091] Comparative Example 8 is a knitted fabric produced on a circular knitting machine. The opening shape is circular. The weight is 59 g / m². 2 The knitting density was 34(W) / 25(C), the opening area was almost the same as comparative examples 1 and 6, and the number of first openings was 1.6 to 1.8 times greater than comparative examples 1 and 6. Although the bursting strength was high, the water drainage was poor and the texture was not good. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0092] 1. Water-repellent knitted fabric 2 First opening 3 Second opening

Claims

1. A water-repellent knitted fabric composed of fibers, wherein a water-repellent agent is applied to the surface of the knitted fabric, and satisfies the following conditions (1) to (7). (1) The openings formed in the knitted fabric are of two or more types with different opening areas, and include at least a first opening and a second opening with different opening areas. (2) The opening area is 0.3 mm ２ 3.6 mm ２ Two or more types selected within the range, wherein the first opening area is 0.3 mm ２ 0.6 mm ２ Within this range, the second opening area is 0.65 mm ２ 3.6 mm ２ It is within the range. (3) The number of openings is 160 to 360 per [45 mm x 67 mm]. (4) The total aperture ratio is 4.0% or more and 9.0% or less, and the aperture ratio of the first aperture is 10% to 30% of the total aperture ratio, and the aperture ratio of the second aperture is 70% to 90%. (5) The initial water drainage rate is 70% or more. (6) The reversal rate is 3.0% or less. (7) The initial burst strength is between 150 kPa and 500 kPa.

2. The aforementioned fiber is composed of one or more selected from nylon, polyurethane, polyester, polypropylene, acrylic, rayon, and acetate. The water-repellent knitted fabric according to claim 1.

3. A method for manufacturing water-repellent knitted fabric, A knitted fabric composed of fibers, wherein the openings formed in the knitted fabric are two or more types having different opening areas, and have at least a first opening and a second opening with different opening areas, and the opening area is 0.3 mm ２ to 3.6 mm ２ two or more selected from the group, wherein the first opening area is 0.3 mm ２ to 0.6 mm ２ , the second opening area is 0.65 mm ２ to 3.6 mm ２ , the number of the openings is 160 to 360 / [45 mm × 67 mm], the total opening ratio is 4.0% or more and 9.0% or less, and with respect to the total opening ratio, the opening ratio of the first openings is 10% to 30%, and the opening ratio of the second openings is 70% to 90%, a step of producing a knitted fabric, This includes applying a water-repellent treatment to the aforementioned knitted fabric using a water-repellent agent. A method for manufacturing water-repellent knitted fabric.

4. Clothing that comes into direct contact with the skin, and is made of the water-repellent knitted fabric described in claim 1 or 2. clothing.

5. A layering system comprising the garment described in claim 4 and at least one upper garment worn directly over the garment.

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