Method of cultivating fruit vegetable plant

Abstract

A method of cultivating a fruit vegetable plant, comprising raising seedling of the fruit vegetable plant through a deep flow technique using a culture solution having a dissolved oxygen concentration of at least 3.2 mg / l in an environment in which at least one condition selected from a group consisting of temperature, relative humidity and light is controlled.

Description

How to grow fruit and vegetable plants

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants.

[0002] In recent years, artificial light plant factories that use artificial light sources such as LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes) to cultivate plants such as vegetables in a closed space have been attracting attention. Plant cultivation in artificial light plant factories is not affected by climate or weather, and can also solve the problem of labor shortages, making it possible to cultivate plants under constant conditions throughout the year.

[0003] For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-14303 proposes a method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants in which seedlings are grown in an environmentally controlled room using artificial light for a period of 10 to 40 days after sowing, and then transferred to a farm field for cultivation.

[0004] Furthermore, Japanese Patent No. 4610695 proposes a seedling raising method using the Ebb & Flow hydroponic method (bottom supply hydroponic method) in an artificial light plant factory. Specifically, the proposed seedling raising method uses a multi-tiered seedling raising device in an artificial light plant factory, where each shelf of the multi-tiered shelves is equipped with artificial lighting and an irrigation device, the irrigation device having a shallow rectangular box shape, an irrigation supply device on one side wall of the box, a drainage groove on the opposite side wall of the box, a resin porous sheet laid on the bottom wall, and an automatic control device for intermittently irrigating from the irrigation supply device, and multiple cell trays filled with a medium for growing seedlings are placed in the irrigation device of each shelf, and intermittent irrigation can be performed from the bottom wall of each cell tray.

[0005] Demands for improved cultivation efficiency for fruit and vegetable plants grown in artificial light plant factories and the like are increasing year by year, and there is a strong demand for methods of cultivating fruit and vegetable plants with greater cultivation efficiency. The period until bud formation (especially the first bud formation) of fruit and vegetable plants has a significant impact on the cultivation efficiency of fruit and vegetable plants. The onset of bud formation is considered an indicator of the transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, and shortening the period until bud formation allows for earlier fruit set and fruit growth, thereby improving cultivation efficiency. However, the cultivation methods proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-14303 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 4610695 require a long period until bud formation, resulting in insufficient cultivation efficiency.

[0006] The present disclosure has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and the problem it aims to solve is to provide a method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants that can shorten the period until fruit and vegetable plants bud, thereby enabling efficient cultivation of fruit and vegetable plants.

[0007] Specific means for achieving the object are as follows: <1> A method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants, comprising raising seedlings of fruit and vegetable plants by a submerged hydroponic method using a culture solution having a dissolved oxygen concentration of 3.2 mg / L or more in an environment where one or more conditions selected from the group consisting of temperature, relative humidity, and light are controlled. <2> The seedlings of the fruit and vegetable plants are raised using a submerged hydroponic seedling raising device comprising a support for supporting the fruit and vegetable plants, a panel having holes for fixing the support, and a culture solution tank for containing the culture solution, and the support surface area of ​​the support is 9 cm or less. ２ ~40cm ２<3> The method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants according to <2> above, wherein the panel has a plurality of holes for fixing the support, and the fruit and vegetable plants supported on adjacent supports are spaced 10 cm to 30 cm apart. <4> The method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants according to <2> or <3> above, wherein the submerged hydroponic seedling raising apparatus comprises a circulation mechanism for supplying the culture solution to the culture solution tank and discharging the culture solution from the culture solution tank, and wherein the culture solution flows at a rate of 2.0 L / min to 20 L / min during at least one of the supply of the culture solution to the culture solution tank and the discharge of the culture solution from the culture solution tank. <5> The method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants according to any one of <2> to <4> above, wherein the submerged hydroponic seedling raising apparatus comprises an oxygen supply mechanism for supplying oxygen to the culture solution. <6> The method for producing a fruit vegetable plant according to any one of <1> to <5> above, wherein the fruit vegetable plant is a tomato or a melon. <7> The method for producing a fruit vegetable plant according to any one of <1> to <6> above, further comprising planting the fruit vegetable plant after seedling raising, and cultivating the planted fruit vegetable plant using a cultivation device including one or more selected from a light source that irradiates the fruit vegetable plant with artificial light from at least one of an upper surface direction and a lateral direction, a hydroponic cultivation mechanism, and a temperature and humidity control mechanism.

[0008] According to the present disclosure, a method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants can be provided that can shorten the period until fruit and vegetable plants bud, thereby enabling efficient cultivation of fruit and vegetable plants.

[0009] Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a hydroponic seedling raising apparatus that can be used in the method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants of the present disclosure. Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a panel of the hydroponic seedling raising apparatus of Fig. 1.

[0010] Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present disclosure will be described in detail. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the following embodiments. In the following embodiments, components (including element steps, etc.) are not essential unless otherwise specified. The same applies to numerical values ​​and their ranges, and do not limit the present disclosure.

[0011] In the present disclosure, numerical ranges indicated using "to" include the numerical values ​​before and after "to" as the minimum and maximum values, respectively. In numerical ranges described in stages in the present disclosure, the upper or lower limit value described in one numerical range may be replaced with the upper or lower limit value of another numerical range described in stages. Furthermore, in numerical ranges described in the present disclosure, the upper or lower limit value of that numerical range may be replaced with the value shown in a synthesis example.

[0012] In the present disclosure, the process of raising seedlings and the like included in the cultivation method of fruit and vegetable plants includes not only processes that are independent of other processes such as cultivation after planting and germination, but also processes that cannot be clearly distinguished from other processes as long as the purpose of the process is achieved.

[0013] In this disclosure, the term "fruit vegetable plant" refers to a plant that produces fruit. In this disclosure, the term "culture solution" refers to a solution of nutrients (inorganic and organic) necessary for plant growth dissolved in water or the like.

[0014] In the present disclosure, the term "support surface of the support" refers to the surface of the support on which the seeds of the fruit vegetable plant are sown. In the present disclosure, the term "period until bud formation" refers to the period from the start of seedling cultivation until the length of the major axis of the bud reaches 1 mm or more.

[0015] [Method for Cultivating Fruit and Vegetable Plants] (Raising Seedlings) The method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants of the present disclosure includes raising seedlings of fruit and vegetable plants by a liquid hydroponic method using a culture solution having a dissolved oxygen concentration of 3.2 mg / L or more in an environment where one or more conditions selected from the group consisting of temperature, relative humidity, and light are controlled.

[0016] According to the method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants of the present disclosure, the period until buds form can be shortened, enabling efficient cultivation of fruit and vegetable plants.

[0017] The reasons for the above effects are presumed to be as follows, but are not limited to these. In the fruit and vegetable plant cultivation method disclosed herein, fruit and vegetable plant seedlings are raised using a submerged hydroponic method. It is presumed that the fruit and vegetable plants can constantly absorb water and nutrients through their roots immersed in the nutrient solution, thereby accelerating their growth rate and shortening the time until bud formation. Furthermore, in the submerged hydroponic method, adjacent fruit and vegetable plants can grow their roots without contacting each other, allowing them to efficiently absorb the water and nutrients contained in the nutrient solution. This is presumed to accelerate their growth rate and shorten the time until bud formation. It is also presumed that using a nutrient solution with a dissolved oxygen concentration of 3.2 mg / L or higher in the submerged hydroponic method further accelerates the growth rate and shortens the time until bud formation.

[0018] The dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture solution is preferably 3.5 mg / L or higher, more preferably 4.5 mg / L or higher, and even more preferably 6.0 mg / L or higher. Maintaining the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture solution within the above range promotes vigorous growth of fruit and vegetable plants and shortens the time until bud formation. There is no upper limit for the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture solution; the higher the concentration, the better. It is preferable to set the dissolved oxygen concentration at the saturation concentration at the temperature of the culture solution being used. For example, the saturated dissolved oxygen concentration of distilled water at 27°C under 1 atmosphere is 7.87 mg / L. In the present disclosure, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture solution is measured in the culture solution at 27°C using an oxygen concentration monitor (e.g., a Seven2GoPro manufactured by Mettler Toledo). The oxygen concentration monitor can be placed in the culture solution tank and used. The dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture solution can be adjusted by using an oxygen supply mechanism, adjusting the circulation rate of the culture solution, etc.

[0019] To shorten the time until bud formation, it is preferable to use a liquid fertilizer containing the fertilizer elements necessary for plant growth. There are no particular limitations on the liquid fertilizer used; for example, commercially available mixed liquid fertilizers (such as OAT House 1 manufactured by OAT Agrio Co., Ltd. or Home Hyponica manufactured by Kyowa Co., Ltd.) may be dissolved and diluted to the desired concentration. Alternatively, a single fertilizer may be used in combination based on known fertilizer compositions such as the Sonoshi Formula or Yamazaki Formula. The EC (Electrical Conductivity) value is generally used as an indicator of the concentration of the culture solution. The EC value of the culture solution in the present invention is preferably 0.3 dS / m to 5.0 dS / m, more preferably 0.8 dS / m to 2.0 dS / m. The EC value of the culture solution is measured using an electrical conductivity meter (e.g., HI98131 manufactured by Hanna Instruments) in the culture solution at 27°C. The EC value of the culture solution can be adjusted, for example, by adding liquid fertilizer or the like to the culture solution.

[0020] From the viewpoint of shortening the time until bud formation, the pH of the culture solution is preferably 3.5 to 8.0, more preferably 4.5 to 7.0. The pH of the culture solution is measured using a pH monitor (e.g., HI98131 manufactured by Hanna Instruments) in the culture solution at 27°C. The pH of the culture solution can be adjusted, for example, by adding hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, etc. to the culture solution.

[0021] In the method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants of the present disclosure, seedlings of fruit and vegetable plants are raised in an environment where one or more conditions selected from the group consisting of temperature, relative humidity, and light are controlled. From the viewpoint of cultivation efficiency, seedlings are preferably raised in an environment where light conditions are controlled.

[0022] Temperature conditions include light period temperature and dark period temperature. From the viewpoint of shortening the period until bud formation, it is preferable that seedlings of fruit and vegetable plants are raised in an environment where the light period temperature is controlled to 25°C to 30°C, and more preferably in an environment where it is controlled to 26°C to 28°C. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of shortening the period until bud formation, it is preferable that seedlings of fruit and vegetable plants are raised in an environment where the dark period temperature is controlled to 15°C to 25°C, and more preferably in an environment where it is controlled to 17°C to 23°C. The light period temperature and dark period temperature are measured by placing a thermometer 1 cm away from the fruit and vegetable plants. As a thermometer, for example, the temperature and humidity sensor THA-3151 manufactured by T&D Co., Ltd. can be used. In this disclosure, the "light period" refers to the period during which the fruit and vegetable plants are irradiated with light from a light source. In this disclosure, the "dark period" refers to the period during which the fruit and vegetable plants are not irradiated with light from a light source.

[0023] The method for controlling the light and dark temperature is not particularly limited and can be carried out by a conventionally known method. For example, the light and dark temperature can be controlled by monitoring the light and dark temperatures in the seedling raising environment using the thermometer and blowing hot or cold air as needed.

[0024] From the viewpoint of shortening the time until bud formation, it is preferable to raise fruit and vegetable seedlings in an environment where the relative humidity is controlled to 60% to 80%, and more preferably 63% to 77%. The relative humidity is measured using a hygrometer placed 1 cm away from the fruit and vegetable plants. For example, the temperature and humidity sensor THA-3151 manufactured by T&D Corporation can be used as the hygrometer.

[0025] The method for controlling humidity is not particularly limited and can be carried out by a conventionally known method. For example, humidity conditions can be controlled by monitoring the humidity of the seedling raising environment with the above-mentioned hygrometer and, if necessary, using an air conditioner with a humidifying function and a dehumidifying function.

[0026] Light conditions include light intensity and light-dark cycle. From the viewpoint of shortening the period until bud formation, the light intensity is set to 80 μmol / m ２ / s~500μmol / m ２ / s, and 100 μmol / m ２ / s~300μmol / m ２ / s is more preferable. Light intensity is measured by placing the light-receiving surface of a measuring device 1 cm away from the fruit or vegetable plant, facing the light source. As the measuring device, for example, a photon sensor (LI-190R, manufactured by LI-COR) can be used. When light sources are placed in two or more directions from the fruit or vegetable plant, the sum of the light intensities measured by placing the measuring device facing each light source is taken as the light intensity. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of shortening the period until bud formation, the ratio of the light period time to the dark period time (light period time / dark period time) is preferably 0.3 to 3, and more preferably 0.5 to 2.

[0027] Light intensity can be controlled by changing the type and number of light sources (LEDs, fluorescent lights, etc.), changing the distance between the light source and the seedlings, or using a dimmable light source. The light-dark cycle can be controlled by changing the duration of use of the light source.

[0028] Furthermore, seedlings are preferably raised in an environment where the carbon dioxide concentration is controlled. From the viewpoint of shortening the time until bud formation, the carbon dioxide concentration is preferably 300 ppm to 2000 ppm, and more preferably 400 ppm to 1500 ppm. The carbon dioxide concentration is measured by placing a carbon dioxide concentration meter 1 cm away from the fruit vegetable plants. For example, the LI-850 manufactured by LI-COR Corporation can be used as the carbon dioxide concentration meter.

[0029] The method for controlling the carbon dioxide concentration is not particularly limited and can be carried out by a conventionally known method, for example, by monitoring the carbon dioxide concentration in the environment using the carbon dioxide concentration meter and, if necessary, by using an air conditioner or the like.

[0030] A hydroponic seedling raising apparatus can be used in the fruit and vegetable plant cultivation method of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 1 , the hydroponic seedling raising apparatus 10 can include a support 12 for supporting a fruit and vegetable plant 11, a panel 14 having holes 13 for fastening the support 12, and a nutrient solution tank 16 for containing a nutrient solution 15. The hydroponic seedling raising apparatus 10 can also include a circulation mechanism 17 for supplying the nutrient solution 15 to the nutrient solution tank 16 and discharging the nutrient solution 15 from the nutrient solution tank 16. The circulation mechanism 17 can also include a circulation tank 18 for containing the nutrient solution 15, a supply nozzle 19 for supplying the nutrient solution 15 from the circulation tank 18 to the nutrient solution tank 16, a discharge nozzle 20 for discharging the nutrient solution 15 from the nutrient solution tank 16 to the circulation tank 18, and a pump P1. The hydroponic seedling raising apparatus 10 can also include an oxygen supply mechanism 21 in the nutrient solution tank 16.

[0031] The support for supporting fruit and vegetable plants is not particularly limited, but is preferably made of a material that has both adequate water permeability and water retention, and particularly preferred are urethane sponge, phenolic resin sponge, rock wool, and a support base provided with a water-retaining sheet.

[0032] When the above-mentioned hydroponic seedling raising device, which includes a support for supporting fruit and vegetable plants, a panel having holes for fixing the support, and a nutrient solution tank for containing a nutrient solution, is used for raising seedlings, the area of ​​the support surface of the support for supporting fruit and vegetable plants is 9 cm ２ ~40cm ２ Preferably, 20 cm ２ ~36cm ２ When raising leafy vegetable plants using a submerged hydroponic seedling raising device, the area of ​​the support surface of the support is usually 1 cm ２ ~4cm ２ However, in the method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants of the present disclosure, the area of ​​the support surface of the support provided in the liquid hydroponic seedling raising device is set to 9 cm ２ By doing so, it becomes easy to remove the support from the panel after raising the seedlings. As a result, the support and the fruit and vegetable plants supported by the support can be removed from the panel without damaging the extended roots. In addition, the area of ​​the support surface of the support can be set to 40 cm ２By doing as follows, it is possible to prevent the support from being unable to support the fruit or vegetable plants due to bending or water absorption of the support during seedling raising, causing the support to fall from the panel, and to prevent damage to the roots caused by the fall. By maintaining good root condition, cultivation after planting can proceed smoothly. The support removed from the panel is planted together with the fruit or vegetable plants in the environment where the main cultivation will take place. The thickness of the support is not particularly limited, and can be, for example, 1 cm to 8 cm.

[0033] The panels of the flooded hydroponic seedling raising device are not particularly limited, and resin panels, polystyrene foam panels, etc. can be used. The size of the holes in the panels is not particularly limited as long as they are large enough to hold the supports, and fasteners or the like may be provided to prevent the supports from falling off during seedling raising. The number of holes in the panels is not particularly limited, and is preferably adjusted appropriately taking into consideration the distance between adjacent seeds, cultivation efficiency, the mechanical strength of the panels, etc.

[0034] FIG. 2 is a top view of the hydroponic seedling raising device 10 shown in FIG. 1 . When the panel 14 has multiple holes 13 for securing the supports 12, the spacing d (hereinafter also referred to as the plant-to-plant distance) between adjacent fruit and vegetable plants 11 supported by the supports 12 is preferably 10 cm to 30 cm, more preferably 13 cm to 25 cm, and even more preferably 15 cm to 20 cm. By maintaining the plant-to-plant distance within the above numerical range, the roots of adjacent fruit and vegetable plants can be prevented from contacting and intertwining, reducing the frequency of root damage during removal from the panel and improving growth after planting. Furthermore, particularly during the later stages of the seedling raising period, this prevents the shadows of leaves from one fruit and vegetable plant from overlapping the leaves of another, resulting in more uniform growth of the fruit and vegetable plants overall and shortening the time to bud formation. In FIG. 2, the hole 13 is the same size as the support 12, and these are indicated by the reference numeral 12 (13).

[0035] The volume, shape, etc. of the nutrient solution tank are not particularly limited as long as they can secure the panel and contain the nutrient solution. The surface of the nutrient solution contained in the nutrient solution tank and the surface of the panel facing the nutrient solution tank may be in contact with each other, but the distance between them is preferably 1 mm to 10 mm, more preferably 3 mm to 8 mm. By maintaining the distance between the surface of the nutrient solution contained in the nutrient solution tank and the surface of the panel facing the nutrient solution tank within the above-mentioned range, roots growing from fruit and vegetable plants can be fully immersed in the nutrient solution, allowing them to ingest nutrients, oxygen, etc., and also allowing the roots to ingest oxygen present between the surface of the nutrient solution and the panel surface, further shortening the time until bud formation. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1, seedlings can be grown while the roots growing from the fruit and vegetable plants are immersed in the nutrient solution contained in the nutrient solution tank. From the perspective of shortening the time until bud formation, it is preferable that, based on the total volume of roots growing from the fruit and vegetable plants, preferably 60 or more, more preferably 70 or more, and even more preferably 80 or more roots are immersed in the nutrient solution.

[0036] The circulation mechanism is not particularly limited as long as it is applicable to a submerged hydroponic seedling raising device, and conventionally known mechanisms can be used. The circulation mechanism may include a circulation tank, a supply nozzle, and a discharge nozzle, and the volume of the circulation tank, the length of the supply nozzle and the discharge nozzle, the diameter of the supply nozzle and the discharge nozzle, etc. are not particularly limited, and are preferably adjusted as appropriate.

[0037] When the liquid-flooded hydroponic seedling raising device is equipped with a circulation mechanism, the flow rate of the culture solution in at least one of supplying the culture solution to the culture solution tank and discharging the culture solution from the culture solution tank is preferably 2.0 L / min to 20 L / min, and more preferably 2.5 L / min to 15 L / min. By setting the culture solution flow rate within the above numerical range, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the culture solution can be increased, further shortening the time until bud formation. From the perspective of shortening the time until bud formation, it is preferable that the flow rate of the culture solution in at least supplying the culture solution to the culture solution tank satisfies the above numerical range.

[0038] The flooded hydroponic seedling raising device can be equipped with an oxygen supply mechanism that supplies oxygen to the culture solution. This can improve the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture solution. The oxygen supply mechanism includes an oxygen supply port, which can be disposed within the culture solution tank. Furthermore, if the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture solution varies depending on the position within the culture solution tank, the oxygen supply mechanism can be disposed at a location with a low dissolved oxygen concentration to uniformize the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture solution contained in the culture solution tank. Oxygen can also be supplied to the culture solution by disposing the oxygen supply port outside the culture solution tank and introducing a tube connected to the oxygen supply port into the culture solution tank. Oxygen can also be supplied to the culture solution by providing a hole in the supply nozzle of the circulation mechanism and flowing the culture solution while entraining air. Examples of oxygen supply mechanisms include an air pump (e.g., Tetra Air Pump OX-45, manufactured by Tetra Corporation) and an air intake device (e.g., Hyponica Air Intake Device, manufactured by Kyowa Co., Ltd.).

[0039] When the hydroponic seedling raising device is equipped with a circulation mechanism, the oxygen concentration monitor is preferably placed at a distance of 20 cm to 80 cm from the nutrient solution supply position and the nutrient solution discharge position in the nutrient solution tank. This allows the difference in dissolved oxygen concentration between the nutrient solution supply position and the nutrient solution discharge position to be monitored, and the oxygen supply mechanism can be placed at either position with the lower dissolved oxygen concentration to make the dissolved oxygen concentration uniform.

[0040] When the flooded hydroponic seedling raising device is equipped with a circulation mechanism, the electrical conductivity meter is preferably placed 20 cm to 80 cm away from the nutrient solution supply position and the nutrient solution discharge position in the nutrient solution tank. This allows the difference in EC value between the nutrient solution supply position and the nutrient solution discharge position to be monitored, and liquid fertilizer or the like can be added at the position with the lower EC value to equalize the EC values.

[0041] When the hydroponic seedling raising device is equipped with a circulation mechanism, the pH monitor device is preferably placed at a distance of 20 cm to 80 cm from the nutrient solution supply position and the nutrient solution discharge position in the nutrient solution tank. This allows the difference in pH between the nutrient solution supply position and the nutrient solution discharge position to be monitored, and phosphoric acid or the like can be added to the position with the lower pH to make the pH uniform.

[0042] The seedling raising period for fruit and vegetable plants is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of growth after planting and shortening the time until bud formation, it is preferably 5 to 40 days, more preferably 10 to 35 days, even more preferably 12 to 30 days, and particularly preferably 15 to 33 days. Generally, during the seedling raising period, fruit and vegetable plants do not absorb much nutrients from the culture solution, and there is little change in the composition of the culture solution. In the cultivation method for fruit and vegetable plants of the present disclosure, it is preferable to appropriately manage the EC value and pH of the culture solution, and replace the culture solution or add liquid fertilizer as needed.

[0043] Fruit vegetable plants are not particularly limited, and examples include solanaceae plants such as tomatoes, eggplants, and bell peppers; cucurbitaceae plants such as melons, cucumbers, pumpkins, and zucchini; legumes such as kidney beans, peas, and broad beans; mallows such as okra; and grasses such as corn. Among the above-mentioned fruit vegetable plants, solanaceae plants or cucurbitaceae plants are suitable for the cultivation method of the present disclosure, with tomatoes or melons being more suitable. Tomatoes include midi tomatoes, cherry tomatoes, and fruit tomatoes. Melons include netted melons such as green-fleshed and red-fleshed varieties, as well as netless melons.

[0044] (Cultivation after planting) The method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants according to the present disclosure may include planting the fruit and vegetable plants after seedling raising, and cultivating the planted fruit and vegetable plants.

[0045] After planting, the fruit and vegetable plants can be cultivated by a conventionally known method, and may be cultivated hydroponically or in soil.

[0046] The cultivation facilities for fruit and vegetable plants after planting are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include artificial light type plant factories, sunlight type plant factories, and vinyl greenhouses.

[0047] From the viewpoint of the quality of the harvested fruits and the cultivation efficiency, it is preferable that the fruit and vegetable plants after planting be cultivated using a cultivation device equipped with one or more selected from a light source that irradiates the fruit and vegetable plants with artificial light from at least one of the top and side directions, a hydroponic cultivation mechanism, and a temperature and humidity control mechanism. Furthermore, it is more preferable that the cultivation device includes a mechanism for controlling the light intensity of the light source, the light-dark cycle, the carbon dioxide concentration, etc.

[0048] The light source that can be provided in the cultivation device irradiates the fruit and vegetable plants with artificial light from at least one of the top and side directions of the fruit and vegetable plants. However, from the viewpoints of space utilization efficiency and irradiation efficiency, it is preferable that the artificial light be irradiated from the side direction of the fruit and vegetable plants. The artificial light is not particularly limited as long as it emits light in at least a part of the wavelength range of 400 nm to 700 nm required for photosynthesis, and examples thereof include LEDs and fluorescent lamps. One type of LED may be used, or two or more types may be used. LEDs that emit visible light such as red, blue, and green may be used, and LEDs that emit invisible light such as ultraviolet light (wavelength of 380 nm or less) or infrared light (wavelength of 780 nm or more) may also be used in combination.

[0049] The cultivation device preferably includes a mechanism for controlling the light intensity of the light source and the light-dark cycle, and from the viewpoint of promoting photosynthesis, the light intensity is set to 100 μmol / m ２ / s~1000μmol / m ２ / s, and 150 μmol / m ２ / s~500μmol / m ２ The light intensity can be measured by the same method as that used in raising seedlings.

[0050] From the viewpoint of promoting photosynthesis, light irradiation may be carried out continuously without providing a dark period, but it is more preferable to provide a dark period. In this case, the ratio of the time of the light period to the time of the dark period (time of the light period / time of the dark period) is preferably 0.8 to 8, and more preferably 1 to 5.

[0051] The hydroponic cultivation mechanism that can be included in the cultivation device is not particularly limited, as long as it is capable of performing conventional hydroponic cultivation methods such as submerged hydroponic cultivation, thin film hydroponic cultivation, drip hydroponic cultivation, spray hydroponic cultivation, and Ebb & Flow cultivation. When the cultivation device is equipped with a submerged hydroponic cultivation mechanism, a device with the same configuration as the submerged hydroponic seedling raising device may be used as the submerged hydroponic cultivation mechanism. However, if the panel has multiple holes for fixing the supports, the spacing between the plants supported on adjacent supports (hereinafter also referred to as the plant-to-plant distance) is preferably 20 cm to 80 cm, and more preferably 30 cm to 50 cm. By keeping the plant-to-plant distance within the above numerical range, it is possible to prevent the roots of adjacent plants from contacting each other, and the shadow of the leaves of one fruit vegetable plant from overlapping with another fruit vegetable plant, thereby improving the quality of the harvested fruit and the cultivation efficiency.

[0052] The temperature and humidity control mechanism that can be equipped in the above-mentioned cultivation apparatus is not particularly limited, and can be used in combination with the above-mentioned thermometer, hygrometer, device capable of blowing hot or cold air, air conditioner, etc. From the viewpoint of promoting photosynthesis, the light period temperature is preferably controlled to 15°C to 35°C, more preferably 18°C ​​to 30°C. The dark period temperature is preferably controlled to 5°C to 25°C, more preferably 10°C to 20°C. By keeping the dark period temperature within the above numerical range, sugar consumption due to respiration of fruit and vegetable plants during the dark period can be suppressed and bud formation can be promoted. From the viewpoint of promoting photosynthesis, the relative humidity is preferably controlled to 50% to 100%, more preferably 60% to 90%. The light period temperature, dark period temperature, and relative humidity can be measured using methods similar to those used in seedling cultivation.

[0053] The cultivation device is preferably equipped with a carbon dioxide concentration control mechanism, and the carbon dioxide concentration is preferably 400 ppm to 2000 ppm, more preferably 500 ppm to 1200 ppm. The carbon dioxide concentration can be measured by the same method as that used in raising seedlings.

[0054] In cultivating fruit and vegetable plants after planting, it is preferable to carry out top pinching, leaf removal, fruit removal, removal of side shoots (side shoot removal), hanging training, etc. as necessary.

[0055] (Germination) The method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants of the present disclosure may further include germinating the seeds of the fruit and vegetable plants used in the seedling cultivation. The method for germinating fruit and vegetable plants is not particularly limited and can be carried out by a conventionally known method. For example, the seeds of the fruit and vegetable plants are sown on the support that has been sufficiently moistened with water, and then stored in a dark place. It is also preferable to select fruit and vegetable plants with similar growth rates from those whose germination has been confirmed, and then cultivate them. This allows for the fruit to be harvested at the same time, improving cultivation efficiency.

[0056] The temperature during the germination process varies depending on the type and variety of the fruit and vegetable plant used, but for commercially available seeds, this is generally disclosed as the germination temperature. Furthermore, if the germination temperature is unknown, it can be confirmed experimentally. Furthermore, depending on the type and variety of the fruit and vegetable plant used, some require treatments such as breaking dormancy before germination. Some require specific wavelengths of light during the germination process, others require darkness, and others will germinate in either case. These can also be determined in the same way as the germination temperature. The relative humidity during the germination process is preferably 70% to 100%, with 80% to 95% being particularly preferred. This range prevents the plant from drying out during the germination period and promotes good growth. The period required for the germination process is not fixed, but is preferably the period from root formation to the start of subsequent hypocotyl elongation, which is usually approximately several days to one week. By allocating this period to the germination process, the roots can grow sufficiently and excessive elongation of the hypocotyl can be avoided, which is preferable because it results in good seedling growth in the subsequent seedling raising process and shortens the time until flowering.

[0057] The above embodiment will be specifically described below using examples, but the above embodiment is not limited to these examples.

[0058] Example 1-1 (Germination) Tomato seeds (variety: Momotaro York (registered trademark), manufactured by Takii Seed Co., Ltd.) were sown in a support A (a 5 cm x 5 cm x 5 cm cubic rockwool "Vegetable Flower Pot" (registered trademark), manufactured by Nippon Rockwool Co., Ltd.) that had been sufficiently saturated with pure water, and were stored in a dark environment at a temperature of 28°C and a relative humidity of 70% for 3 days to germinate, yielding tomato plants.

[0059] (Seedling raising) Forty tomato plants with similar growth rates were selected, and supports A were fixed to 40 holes in a panel of a hydroponic seedling raising device. The hydroponic seedling raising device included a panel with holes for fixing the supports, a nutrient solution tank containing the nutrient solution, a circulation mechanism for supplying the nutrient solution to the nutrient solution tank and discharging the nutrient solution from the nutrient solution tank, an oxygen supply mechanism (air pump) installed in the nutrient solution tank, a nutrient solution electrical conductivity meter installed in the nutrient solution tank, a dissolved oxygen concentration monitor, and a pH monitor. The plant-to-plant distance on the panel was 12 cm vertically and 15 cm horizontally. The nutrient solution contained in the nutrient solution tank was prepared by diluting Kyowa Co., Ltd.'s "Hyponica Liquid Fertilizer" with pure water (dissolved oxygen concentration: 6.3 mg / L, EC value: 1.3 dS / m, pH: 6.0). The flow rate of the culture medium during supply and discharge by the circulation mechanism was 4.0 L / min. The panel was made of polystyrene foam with a thickness of 2 cm, and the distance between the surface of the culture medium contained in the culture medium vessel and the surface of the panel facing the culture medium vessel was 5 mm.

[0060] Using the above-mentioned hydroponic seedling raising device, seedlings were raised in an environment where the temperature, humidity, light conditions, etc. were controlled as follows: (Seedling raising conditions) Light source: White LED (PGL-NE-200NWD) manufactured by Ryoden Corporation Light intensity: 200 μmol / m ２ / s Light / dark cycle (light period / dark period): 16 hours / 8 hours Temperature: 27°C (light period), 19°C (dark period) Relative humidity: 80% Carbon dioxide concentration: 1000 ppm Seedling period: 30 days

[0061] (Cultivation after planting) Ten tomato plants each obtained in the above examples after seedling raising were planted and cultivated for 20 days under the following cultivation conditions. Ten plants showing good growth and similar growth rates were selected for planting. (Cultivation conditions) Light source: LED, CIVILIGHT, manufactured by Showa Denko K.K. Light intensity: 250 μmol / m ２ / s Light / dark cycle (light / dark): 14 hours / 10 hours Temperature: 25°C (light), 17°C (dark) Relative humidity: 60% Carbon dioxide concentration: 400 ppm Fertilization method: Submerged hydroponics Liquid fertilizer: Kyowa Co., Ltd.'s "Hyponica liquid fertilizer" diluted with pure water EC value of liquid fertilizer: 2.0 dS / m

[0062] <Example 1-2> Support A is placed on a support surface area of ​​25 cm ２ The germination, seedling raising, and cultivation after planting were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1-1, except that the support medium was changed to a support B (urethane sponge) having a thickness of 2 cm and a 1 cm deep notch on the support surface, tomato seeds were sown in the notch, and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture solution was changed to the value shown in Table 1 using an air pump.

[0063] <Example 1-3> Support A is placed on a support surface area of ​​25 cm ２ The germination, seedling raising, and cultivation after planting were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1-1, except that the support C (phenolic resin sponge, Floral Foam Oasis (registered trademark)) having a thickness of 1 cm was used, tomato seeds were sown, and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture solution was changed to the value shown in Table 1 using an air pump.

[0064] Examples 1-4 and 1-5 Germination, raising of seedlings, and cultivation after planting were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1-1, except that the dissolved oxygen concentration in the culture solution was changed to the value shown in Table 1 using an air pump.

[0065] <Examples 1-6 to 1-9> Germination, seedling raising, and cultivation after planting were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1-2, except that the area of ​​the support surface of the support B was changed to the value shown in Table 1 and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture solution was changed to the value shown in Table 1 using an air pump.

[0066] <Examples 1-10 to 1-12> Germination, seedling raising, and cultivation after planting were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1-2, except that the distance between plants was changed to the value shown in Table 1 and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the culture solution was changed using an air pump to the value shown in Table 1. In Example 1-11, 30 plants with similar growth rates were selected from those in which germination of tomato seeds was confirmed, and support B was fixed to each of them.

[0067] Comparative Example 1-1 Germination, raising of seedlings, and cultivation after planting were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1-1, except that seedlings were raised by the Ebb & Flow hydroponic method (bottom supply hydroponic method) instead of the submerged hydroponic method. When raising seedlings using the Ebb & Flow hydroponic method, nutrient solution was supplied by placing the supports A on a panel having a plurality of nutrient solution supply holes so that the distance between plants was 12 cm vertically and 15 cm horizontally, and supplying the nutrient solution for one minute once every 12 hours so that up to 1 cm from the bottom of the supports A was immersed in the nutrient solution. The nutrient solution, light conditions, temperature conditions, and humidity conditions used were the same as in Example 1-1.

[0068] Comparative Example 1-2 A 72-hole cell tray (one-way black cell tray for root-rolling prevention, manufactured by Takii Seed Co., Ltd., cell arrangement: 6 × 12 holes, cell diameter: 4 cm) was filled with fine rockwool granules (manufactured by Japan Rockwool Co., Ltd.) as a support according to standard procedures. Tomato seeds were sown in the tray and stored for 3 days in a dark environment at a temperature of 28°C and a relative humidity of 70%, as in Example 1. The spacing between the sown tomato seeds was 4.5 cm vertically and 4.5 cm horizontally. Next, before starting seedling raising, thinning was performed as follows. The 72-hole cell tray was divided into groups, each consisting of 9 holes (3 vertical and 3 horizontal), and tomato plants were left in only one central hole of each group, while the others were removed. If the tomato plants in the center did not germinate well, they were replaced with tomato plants from other holes with good germination. As a result of the thinning, the distance between the plants when the seedlings were grown was 13.5 cm in the vertical direction and 13.5 cm in the horizontal direction. The subsequent seedling growing and cultivation after planting were carried out in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1-1.

[0069] Comparative Example 1-3 Germination, seedling raising and cultivation after planting were carried out in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1-2, except that support A was changed to support D (Takii Tanemaki Culture Soil, manufactured by Takii Corporation).

[0070] Comparative Example 1-4 Germination, raising of seedlings and cultivation after planting were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1-1, except that the dissolved oxygen concentration in the culture solution was changed to the value shown in Table 1 using an air pump.

[0071] <<Confirmation of bud formation time>> In the examples and comparative examples, the time when bud formation with a major axis length of 1 mm or more was confirmed in more than half of the tomato plants was confirmed, and the number of days from the start of seedling cultivation was summarized in Table 1.

[0072] <<Confirmation of Number of Leaves per Plant>> The number of leaves possessed by the tomato plants after seedling raising in the Examples and Comparative Examples was confirmed, the average was calculated, and the results are summarized in Table 1.

[0073] <<Confirmation of the number of flowers per plant>> The number of flowers that the tomato plants had at the time of planting in the Examples and Comparative Examples was confirmed, the average was calculated, and the results are summarized in Table 1. Flowering was confirmed in all tomato plants grown in the Examples. The number of flowers includes the number of flowering buds and the number of buds with a major axis length of 1 mm or more among the flowering buds and those before flowering.

[0074] <<Confirmation of growth potential after planting>> In the Examples and Comparative Examples, the state of the tomato plants cultivated for 20 days after planting was evaluated based on the following evaluation criteria, and the results are summarized in Table 1. Note that, for the tomato plants in Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-4, no buds were observed during the 30-day seedling raising period, and therefore, the growth potential after planting was not confirmed.

[0075] (Cultivation conditions) Light source: LED, CIVILIGHT, manufactured by Showa Denko K.K. Light intensity: 250 μmol / m ２ / s Light / dark cycle (light / dark): 14 hours / 10 hours Temperature: 25°C (light), 17°C (dark) Relative humidity: 60% Carbon dioxide concentration: 400 ppm Fertilization method: Submerged hydroponics Liquid fertilizer: Kyowa Co., Ltd.'s "Hyponica liquid fertilizer" diluted with pure water EC value of liquid fertilizer: 2.0 dS / m

[0076] (Evaluation criteria) A: New flowering and fruiting were observed in 10 tomato plants, and all of them were growing well. B: One or more tomato plants were observed to not produce new flowers. C: One or more tomato plants withered and died.

[0077]

[0078] As shown in Table 1, the cultivation methods for fruit and vegetable plants according to Examples 1-1 to 1-12, in which seedlings are grown by the submerged hydroponic method using a culture solution with a dissolved oxygen concentration of 3.2 mg / L to 7.0 mg / L in an environment where temperature, relative humidity, and light conditions are controlled, have a shorter period until bud formation and a greater number of leaves and flowers than the cultivation methods for fruit and vegetable plants according to Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-4. Furthermore, the area of ​​the support surface of the support used in raising seedlings in Example 1-8 was smaller than the area of ​​the support surface of the support used in raising seedlings in the other Examples, and growing roots were damaged when the support and tomato plants were removed from the panel after seedling growth, which is thought to be why the growth of Example 1-8 after planting was inferior to that of the other Examples. Furthermore, the support surface area of ​​the support used in raising seedlings in Example 1-9 was larger than that of the support surfaces of the supports used in raising seedlings in the other Examples. During the later stages of the seedling raising period, the support flexed, making it difficult for the support to support the tomato plants, causing them to fall into the nutrient solution several times. The roots were damaged by the falls, which is thought to be the reason why the average number of leaves and average number of flowers in Example 1-9 were inferior to those in Examples 1-2 and other examples. Since these damaged tomato plants were not selected for cultivation after planting, the growth habit after planting in Example 1-9 was good. Furthermore, the plant spacing in raising seedlings in Example 1-12 was smaller than that in the other Examples. Therefore, during the seedling raising period, the shadow of the leaves of one tomato plant overlapped the leaves of the other tomato plant. This is thought to be why the growth habit after planting in Example 1-12 was inferior to that of the other Examples. From the above, it can be seen that the seedling raising carried out in Examples 1-1 to 1-12 can shorten the period until bud formation and enable efficient cultivation of fruit and vegetable plants. Furthermore, in the seedling raising carried out in Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3 using the Ebb & Flow hydroponic method (bottom-fed hydroponic method) and in Comparative Example 1-4 using the submerged hydroponic method using a culture solution with a dissolved oxygen concentration of less than 3.2 mg / L, bud formation was not observed in either case, and the period until bud formation could not be shortened, making it clear that efficient cultivation of fruit and vegetable plants is difficult.

[0079] Example 2-1 (Germination) Melon seeds (variety: Lennon (registered trademark), manufactured by Takii Seed Co., Ltd.) were sown on support A (5 cm x 5 cm x 5 cm cubic rockwool "Vegetable Flower Pot" (registered trademark), manufactured by Nippon Rockwool Co., Ltd.) that had been sufficiently saturated with pure water, and stored in a dark environment at a temperature of 28°C and a relative humidity of 70% for 3 days to germinate, yielding melon plants.

[0080] (Seedling raising) Forty melon plants with similar growth rates were selected, and supports A were fixed to 40 holes in the panels of a hydroponic seedling raising device. The hydroponic seedling raising device included a panel with holes for fixing the supports, a nutrient solution tank containing the nutrient solution, a circulation mechanism for supplying the nutrient solution to the nutrient solution tank and discharging the nutrient solution from the nutrient solution tank, an oxygen supply mechanism (air pump) installed in the nutrient solution tank, a nutrient solution electrical conductivity meter installed in the nutrient solution tank, a dissolved oxygen concentration monitor, and a pH monitor. The plant-to-plant distance on the panel was 12 cm vertically and 15 cm horizontally. The nutrient solution contained in the nutrient solution tank was prepared by diluting Kyowa Co., Ltd.'s "Hyponica Liquid Fertilizer" with pure water (dissolved oxygen concentration: 6.3 mg / L, EC value: 1.3 dS / m, pH: 6.0). The flow rate of the culture medium during supply and discharge by the circulation mechanism was 4.0 L / min. The panel was made of polystyrene foam with a thickness of 2 cm, and the distance between the surface of the culture medium contained in the culture medium vessel and the surface of the panel facing the culture medium vessel was 5 mm.

[0081] Using the above-mentioned hydroponic seedling raising device, seedlings were raised in an environment where the temperature, humidity, light conditions, etc. were controlled as follows: (Seedling raising conditions) Light source: White LED (PGL-NE-200NWD) manufactured by Ryoden Corporation Light intensity: 200 μmol / m ２ / s Light / dark cycle (light period / dark period): 16 hours / 8 hours Temperature: 27°C (light period), 19°C (dark period) Relative humidity: 80% Carbon dioxide concentration: 1000 ppm Seedling period: 30 days

[0082] (Cultivation after planting) Ten melon plants were planted after seedling raising and cultivated for 20 days under the following cultivation conditions. Ten plants that showed good growth and had similar growth rates were selected for planting. (Cultivation conditions) Light source: LED, CIVILIGHT, manufactured by Showa Denko K.K. Light intensity: 250 μmol / m ２ / s Light / dark cycle (light / dark): 14 hours / 10 hours Temperature: 25°C (light), 17°C (dark) Relative humidity: 60% Carbon dioxide concentration: 400 ppm Fertilization method: Submerged hydroponics Liquid fertilizer: Kyowa Co., Ltd.'s "Hyponica liquid fertilizer" diluted with pure water EC value of liquid fertilizer: 2.0 dS / m

[0083] Comparative Example 2-1 Germination, raising of seedlings, and cultivation after planting were carried out in the same manner as in Example 2-1, except that seedlings were raised by the Ebb & Flow hydroponic method (bottom supply hydroponic method) instead of the submerged hydroponic method. When raising seedlings using the Ebb & Flow hydroponic method, nutrient solution was supplied by placing the supports A on a panel having a plurality of nutrient solution supply holes so that the distance between plants was 15 cm vertically and 12 cm horizontally, and supplying the nutrient solution for one minute once every 12 hours so that up to 1 cm from the bottom of the supports A was immersed in the nutrient solution. The nutrient solution, light conditions, temperature conditions, and humidity conditions used were the same as in Example 2-1.

[0084] <<Confirmation of the time of bud formation>> In the Examples and Comparative Examples, the time when the formation of buds with a major axis length of 1 mm or more was confirmed in more than half of the melon plants was confirmed, and the number of days from the start of seedling raising is summarized in Table 2. In the Examples and Comparative Examples, bud formation was not confirmed in the melon plants during the seedling raising period, but was confirmed during cultivation after planting.

[0085] <<Confirmation of Number of Leaves per Plant>> The number of leaves possessed by melon plants after seedling raising in the Examples and Comparative Examples was confirmed, and the average was calculated. The results are summarized in Table 2.

[0086] <<Confirmation of the number of flowers per plant>> The number of flowers on the first inflorescence of melon plants in the Examples and Comparative Examples was confirmed, the average was calculated, and the results are summarized in Table 2. The number of flowers includes the number of bloomed buds and the number of buds before blooming that have a major axis length of 1 mm or more. The first inflorescence refers to the inflorescence containing the first confirmed bud.

[0087] <<Confirmation of growth after planting>> In the Examples and Comparative Examples, the condition of melon plants cultivated for 20 days after planting was evaluated based on the following evaluation criteria, and the results are summarized in Table 2. (Evaluation criteria) A: New flowering and fruiting were observed in 10 melon plants, and all of them were growing well. B: One or more melon plants were observed that did not show new flowering. C: One or more melon plants withered.

[0088]

[0089] As shown in Table 2, the fruit vegetable plant cultivation method of Example 2-1, in which fruit vegetable plants are grown by a submerged hydroponic method using a culture solution with a dissolved oxygen concentration of 3.2 mg / L to 7.0 mg / L in an environment where the temperature, relative humidity, and light conditions are controlled, has a shorter period until bud formation and a greater number of leaves and flowers than the fruit vegetable plant cultivation method of Comparative Example 2-1. Also, as shown in Table 2, the fruit vegetable plant cultivation method of Example 2-1 has better growth potential after planting than the fruit vegetable plant cultivation method of Comparative Example 2-1.

[0090] The disclosure of Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-104916, filed on June 24, 2021, is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. All documents, patent applications, and technical standards described herein are incorporated herein by reference to the same extent as if each individual document, patent application, and technical standard was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference.

Claims

1. Cultivating fruit and vegetable plants by a flooded hydroponic method using a culture solution having a dissolved oxygen concentration of 3.2 mg / L or more in an environment where one or more conditions selected from the group consisting of temperature, relative humidity, and light are controlled; Planting the fruit and vegetable plants after seedling cultivation; and Cultivating the fruit vegetable plant after planting using a cultivation device including one or more selected from a light source that irradiates artificial light from at least one of an upper surface direction and a side direction of the fruit vegetable plant, a hydroponic cultivation mechanism, and a temperature and humidity control mechanism; A method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants, comprising:

2. The fruit and vegetable plants are grown using a liquid hydroponic seedling growing device including a support for supporting the fruit and vegetable plants, a panel having a hole for fixing the support, and a culture solution tank for containing the culture solution; The area of ​​the support surface of the support is 9 cm ２ ~40cm ２ The method for cultivating fruit vegetables according to claim 1,

3. The panel has a plurality of holes for fixing the support, and The method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants according to claim 2, wherein the interval between adjacent fruit and vegetable plants supported by the supports is 10 cm to 30 cm.

4. The liquid hydroponic seedling raising device includes a circulation mechanism for supplying the culture solution to the culture solution tank and discharging the culture solution from the culture solution tank; 3. The method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants according to claim 2, wherein the flow rate of the culture solution is 2.0 L / min to 20 L / min in at least one of the supply of the culture solution to the culture solution tank and the discharge of the culture solution from the culture solution tank.

5. The method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants according to claim 2 , wherein the liquid hydroponic seedling raising apparatus is provided with an oxygen supply mechanism for supplying oxygen to the culture solution.

6. The method for cultivating a fruit vegetable plant according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the fruit vegetable plant is a tomato or a melon.

7. A method for cultivating fruit vegetable plants, comprising raising the fruit vegetable plants by a liquid hydroponic method using a culture solution having a dissolved oxygen concentration of 3.2 mg / L or more and 7.87 mg / L or less in an environment in which one or more conditions selected from the group consisting of temperature, relative humidity, and light are controlled.

8. A seedling raising device for raising fruit and vegetable plants includes a support for supporting the fruit and vegetable plants, a panel having a hole for fixing the support, and a culture solution tank for accommodating the culture solution, and 8. The method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants according to claim 7, wherein the area of ​​the supporting surface of the support is 9 cm 2 to 40 cm 2 .

9. The panel has a plurality of holes for fixing the support, and The method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants according to claim 8, wherein the interval between adjacent fruit and vegetable plants supported by the supports is 10 cm to 30 cm.

10. The liquid hydroponic seedling raising device includes a circulation mechanism for supplying the culture solution to the culture solution tank and discharging the culture solution from the culture solution tank, and 9. The method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants according to claim 8, wherein the flow rate of the culture solution is 2.0 L / min to 20 L / min in at least one of the supply of the culture solution to the culture solution tank and the discharge of the culture solution from the culture solution tank.

11. A method for cultivating fruit and vegetable plants as described in claim 8, wherein the liquid hydroponic seedling cultivation apparatus is provided with an oxygen supply mechanism for supplying oxygen to the culture solution.

12. A method for cultivating a fruit vegetable plant as described in claim 7, wherein the fruit vegetable plant is a tomato or a melon.

13. The fruit vegetable plant after seedling is planted, and The method for cultivating a fruit vegetable plant according to any one of claims 7 to 12, further comprising cultivating the fruit vegetable plant after planting using a cultivation device comprising one or more selected from a light source that irradiates artificial light from at least one of an upper surface direction and a lateral direction of the fruit vegetable plant, a hydroponic cultivation mechanism, and a temperature and humidity control mechanism.