Installation structure for photovoltaic sheet

Abstract

Provided is an installation structure which is for a photovoltaic sheet and which can suppress the vibration of a photovoltaic sheet 1 caused by wind while being installed on an installation surface. This installation structure 2 for the photovoltaic sheet 1 comprises: an installation surface 3; a photovoltaic sheet 1 installed on the installation surface 3; and a sealing material (adhesive 4) which closes a gap between the outer peripheral edge of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3.

Description

Solar power generation sheet installation structure

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a photovoltaic sheet installation structure in which a photovoltaic sheet is installed on an installation surface.

[0002] Conventionally, rigid solar cells using silicon as power generating cells have been used (see Patent Document 1). When installing this type of solar cell, a mounting base is placed on an installation surface such as a roof, and the solar cell is attached to the mounting base using rivets or the like, thereby determining the installation angle of the solar cell relative to sunlight.

[0003] In recent years, flexible solar cells such as perovskite solar panels have become popular. This type of solar panel is flexible enough to adjust the angle of exposure to sunlight, and is lightweight, making it possible to install the panel directly on a surface without using a mounting base.

[0004] Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-18797

[0005] 24 and 25 , when a photovoltaic sheet 100 is fixed to an installation surface 102 using rivets 101, if the installation surface 102 is uneven, a gap 103 will form between the photovoltaic sheet 100 and the installation surface 102. If wind gets in between the photovoltaic sheet 100 and the installation surface 102 through this gap 103, the photovoltaic sheet 100 will vibrate, causing the angle of incidence of sunlight on the photovoltaic sheet 100 to become unstable, reducing the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic sheet.

[0006] When conventional rigid solar cells are enlarged, for example by increasing their surface area, the weight increases significantly, reducing the efficiency of installation work and the efficiency of the transportation industry. In contrast, solar photovoltaic sheets are lightweight and do not pose the problems that arise when rigid solar cells are enlarged, so enlarging them is being considered. However, when solar photovoltaic sheets are enlarged, the vibrations caused by the wind mentioned above become greater, and the problem of reduced power generation efficiency due to vibration becomes more pronounced. This problem is unique to solar photovoltaic sheets.

[0007] The present disclosure has been made in consideration of the above matters, and its purpose is to provide an installation structure for a solar power generation sheet that can suppress vibration of the solar power generation sheet due to wind when the solar power generation sheet is installed on an installation surface.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure encompasses as its subject matter the installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet described in the following item 1.

[0009] Item 1. A photovoltaic sheet installation structure comprising: an installation surface; a photovoltaic sheet installed on the installation surface; and a sealant that seals a gap between the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet and the installation surface.

[0010] The present disclosure encompasses a photovoltaic sheet installation structure described in the following item 2 as a preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic sheet installation structure described in item 1 above.

[0011] Item 2. The photovoltaic sheet installation structure according to Item 1, wherein the sealing material is formed of an adhesive provided between at least the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet and the installation surface, and adheres the outer periphery to the installation surface.

[0012] The present disclosure encompasses the photovoltaic sheet installation structure described in the following item 3 as a preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic sheet installation structure described in item 2 above.

[0013] Item 3. The solar power generation sheet installation structure according to Item 2, wherein the adhesive has a loss coefficient of 0.01 or more and 0.3 or less.

[0014] The present disclosure encompasses the photovoltaic sheet installation structure described in the following item 4 as a preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic sheet installation structure described in item 3 above.

[0015] Item 4. The solar power generation sheet installation structure according to Item 3, wherein the adhesive has a thickness of 3 mm or more and 20 mm or less.

[0016] The present disclosure encompasses the photovoltaic sheet installation structure described in the following item 5 as a preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic sheet installation structure described in items 2 to 4 above.

[0017] Item 5. The photovoltaic sheet installation structure according to any one of Items 2 to 4, wherein the adhesive has a modulus of transverse elasticity of 0.1 MPa or more and 100 MPa or less.

[0018] The present disclosure encompasses the photovoltaic sheet installation structure described in the following item 6 as a preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic sheet installation structure described in items 2 to 5 above.

[0019] Item 6. The photovoltaic sheet installation structure according to any one of Items 2 to 5, wherein the adhesive has a viscosity of 800 cP or more.

[0020] The present disclosure encompasses the photovoltaic sheet installation structure described in the following item 7 as a preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic sheet installation structure described in items 2 to 6 above.

[0021] Item 7. The solar power generation sheet installation structure according to any one of Items 2 to 6, wherein the adhesive contains at least one resin composition selected from vinyl acetate resin, ethylene vinyl acetate resin, epoxy resin, cyanoacrylate resin, acrylic resin, chloroprene rubber, styrene, butadiene rubber, polyurethane resin, silicone resin, and modified silicone resin.

[0022] The present disclosure encompasses the photovoltaic sheet installation structure described in the following item 8 as a preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic sheet installation structure described in items 2 to 7 above.

[0023] Item 8. The photovoltaic sheet installation structure according to any one of Items 2 to 7, wherein the adhesive is provided between the entire photovoltaic sheet and the installation surface.

[0024] The present disclosure encompasses a photovoltaic sheet installation structure described in the following item 9 as a preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic sheet installation structure described in items 2 to 8 above.

[0025] Item 9. The photovoltaic sheet installation structure according to any one of Items 2 to 8, further comprising a cover member that covers the adhesive between the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet and the installation surface, the cover member having ultraviolet blocking properties.

[0026] The present disclosure encompasses a photovoltaic sheet installation structure described in the following item 10 as a preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic sheet installation structure described in item 9 above.

[0027] Item 10. The photovoltaic sheet installation structure according to Item 9, wherein the cover member includes a covering portion that covers a portion of the front surface of the photovoltaic sheet from the outer periphery by a predetermined width.

[0028] The present disclosure encompasses a photovoltaic sheet installation structure described in the following item 11 as a preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic sheet installation structure described in item 1 above.

[0029] Item 11. The photovoltaic sheet installation structure according to Item 1, wherein the sealing material is made of a cover member that covers a gap between the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet and the installation surface.

[0030] The present disclosure encompasses a photovoltaic sheet installation structure described in the following item 12 as a preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic sheet installation structure described in item 1 above.

[0031] Item 12. The photovoltaic sheet installation structure according to Item 1, wherein the sealing material is formed of a joint material that fills a gap between at least the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet and the installation surface.

[0032] The present disclosure encompasses a photovoltaic sheet installation structure described in the following item 13 as a preferred embodiment of the photovoltaic sheet installation structure described in items 1 to 12 above.

[0033] Item 13. The photovoltaic sheet installation structure according to any one of Items 1 to 12, wherein the photovoltaic sheet is flexible.

[0034] According to the solar power generation sheet installation structure of the present disclosure, it is possible to suppress vibration of the solar power generation sheet caused by wind when the solar power generation sheet is installed on an installation surface.

[0035] FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 1. FIG. 3(A) is a cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic sheet. FIG. 3(B) is an enlarged view of portion a in FIG. 3(A). FIG. 3(C) is a cross-sectional view showing the power generation section cut along line B-B in FIG. 3(A). FIG. 4 is a rear view showing a modified photovoltaic sheet. FIG. 5 is a rear view showing a modified photovoltaic sheet. FIG. 6 is a rear view showing a modified photovoltaic sheet. FIG. 7 is a rear view showing a modified photovoltaic sheet. FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view showing an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C in FIG. 8. FIG. 10 is a schematic plan view showing an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D in FIG. 10. FIG. 12 is a schematic plan view showing an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet according to a modified third embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E in Fig. 12. Figs. 14(A) and (B) are schematic cross-sectional views of the covering portion of the cover member. Fig. 15 is a schematic plan view showing a modified example of an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 16 is a back view showing a modified example of a photovoltaic sheet. Figs. 17(A) to 17(D) are cross-sectional views illustrating the procedure for peeling the photovoltaic sheet from the installation surface. Fig. 18(A) is a schematic plan view showing an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, Fig. 18(B) is a cross-sectional view taken along line F-F in Fig. 18(A), and Fig. 18(C) is a cross-sectional view taken along line G-G in Fig. 18(A). Fig. 19(A) is a schematic plan view showing an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, Fig. 19(B) is a cross-sectional view taken along line H-H in Fig. 19(A), and Fig. 19(C) is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I in Fig. 19(A). Fig. 20 is a schematic perspective view of an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 21 is a plan view of Fig. 20. Fig. 22(A) is a schematic plan view of a spacer member, Fig. 22(B) is a schematic front view of the spacer member, and Fig. 22(C) is a cross-sectional view taken along line J-J in Fig. 22(A). Fig. 23 is a schematic plan view showing that the spacer member is movable relative to the photovoltaic sheet.Fig. 24 is a schematic plan view showing a conventional installation structure of a photovoltaic sheet, and Fig. 25 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line EE in Fig. 10.

[0036] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] First Embodiment FIGS. 1 and 2 show a photovoltaic sheet installation structure 2 according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0038] The installation structure 2 according to the first embodiment includes an installation surface 3, a photovoltaic sheet 1 installed on the installation surface 3, and an adhesive 4 that secures the photovoltaic sheet 1 to the installation surface 3. The adhesive 4 also functions as a sealant that seals the gap between the outer edge of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3. This prevents wind from entering between the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3, and suppresses vibration of the photovoltaic sheet 1 due to the effects of wind. This allows the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic sheet 1 to be stably maintained.

[0039] Hereinafter, each component of the installation structure 20 according to the first embodiment will be described.

[0040] (Installation Surface 3) The installation surface 3 is the surface of the object on which the photovoltaic sheet 1 is to be installed, and is formed, for example, by the surface of a building material 5. Examples of the building material 5 include roofing materials, wall materials (metal siding materials, ceramic siding materials, sandwich panels, etc.), partitions, door materials, fence materials, and flooring materials. Examples of roofing materials include roofing materials used for folded-plate roofs, slate roofs, roof decks, tile roofing, and vertical flat roofing. The roof may be vertically or horizontally roofed. The building material 5 may be for a non-residential building or a residential building. The non-residential building is not particularly limited, and examples include stores, warehouses, factories, greenhouses, greenhouses, assembly halls, gymnasiums, and parking lots. The installation surface 3 may also be formed by the surface of other structures, such as roads, ground, and embankments, or the surface of automobiles, trains, ships, and the like. The installation surface 3 is formed of, for example, metal, resin, asphalt, concrete, etc. The installation surface 3 may be a surface on which, for example, soil, sand, gravel, etc. are accumulated.

[0041] The installation surface 3 may also include the surface of a sheet material, such as a resin sheet, laid and fixed on the surface of the above-mentioned structure.

[0042] The installation surface 3 may be a horizontal surface perpendicular to the direction of gravity, or a surface intersecting the horizontal surface at an angle. The installation surface 3 intersecting the horizontal surface at an angle includes an inclined surface that forms a predetermined inclination angle θ (0°<θ<90°) with respect to the horizontal surface, and a vertical surface that is perpendicular to the horizontal surface. In this embodiment, the installation surface 3 is a horizontal surface. The installation surface 3 may be a flat surface or a curved surface, and its surface condition may be smooth or may be uneven, such as rough. The installation surface 3 may also be a corrugated surface that is curved so that multiple peaks and valleys are alternately arranged.

[0043] The upper limit of the arithmetic mean roughness of the installation surface 3 measured according to JIS B0601 is preferably 5 mm or less, more preferably 1 mm or less, and more preferably 0.5 mm or less, and the lower limit is 0.1 μm or more, more preferably 10 μm or more, and more preferably 100 μm or more. If the surface roughness of the installation surface 3 is within the above range, it is possible to prevent wind from blowing in from the outer edge of the photovoltaic sheet 1 between the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3. In addition, the adhesive 4 penetrates into the unevenness of the installation surface 3, creating an anchor effect that increases the adhesive strength of the adhesive 4, thereby increasing the fixing strength of the photovoltaic sheet 1 to the installation surface 3.

[0044] (Photovoltaic sheet 1) The photovoltaic sheet 1 is formed in a sheet shape, and generates electricity when at least one surface in the thickness direction (for example, the front surface) receives sunlight. In this specification, "sheet-like" refers to a shape in which the thickness of the object is 10% or less of the maximum length between the outer edges in a planar view. If the shape in a planar view is rectangular, "the maximum length between the outer edges in a planar view" refers to the length of the diagonal. Furthermore, if the shape in a planar view is circular, "the maximum length between the outer edges in a planar view" refers to the length of the diameter. In this specification, "sheet-like" also includes membrane-like, foil-like, film-like, etc.

[0045] The photovoltaic sheet 1 is formed in a generally rectangular shape when viewed from above. The shape of the photovoltaic sheet 1 is not limited to a generally rectangular shape when viewed from above, and may be, for example, a generally circular shape when viewed from above, an elliptical shape when viewed from above, a polygonal shape when viewed from above, or the like.

[0046] The photovoltaic sheet 1 is flexible. The lower limit of the bending strength of the photovoltaic sheet 1 is preferably 10 MPa or more, more preferably 50 MPa or more, and more preferably 100 MPa or more, and the upper limit is preferably 200 MPa or less, more preferably 150 MPa or less, and more preferably 130 MPa or less. The flexibility of the photovoltaic sheet 1 may also be defined by its bending modulus. The lower limit of the bending modulus of the photovoltaic sheet 1 is preferably 100 MPa or more, more preferably 500 MPa or more, and the upper limit is preferably 10,000 MPa or less, more preferably 5,000 MPa or less. When the photovoltaic sheet 1 is defined by its bending modulus, the bending strength does not have to fall within the above range. By setting the bending strength or bending modulus of the photovoltaic sheet 1 within the above range, the occurrence of damage such as cracks can be suppressed while improving workability. The bending strength and bending modulus of the photovoltaic sheet 1 are measured, for example, by a measurement method conforming to JIS K7171.

[0047] As shown in Figure 3(A), the photovoltaic sheet 1 includes a back sheet 6, a power generation section 7, a barrier sheet 8, a sealant 9, and a sealing edge material 10. The power generation section 7 and sealant 9 are disposed between the back sheet 6 and the barrier sheet 8. The sealing edge material 10 seals the gap between the outer periphery of the back sheet 6 and the outer periphery of the barrier sheet 8.

[0048] (Backsheet 6) The backsheet 6 is placed on the side of the photovoltaic sheet 1 opposite the light-receiving surface. The backsheet 6 constitutes the surface of the photovoltaic sheet 1 facing the installation surface 3 (FIGS. 1 and 2). The backsheet 6 has barrier properties against water vapor and protective properties against external forces. The backsheet 6 may be translucent, but is not necessarily required to be translucent.

[0049] In this specification, "having light-transmitting properties" means that the light transmittance is 10% or more with respect to the peak wavelength of light before incidence.

[0050] The back sheet 6 is flexible. The lower limit of the Young's modulus of the back sheet 6 is preferably 100 MPa or more, more preferably 1000 MPa or more, more preferably 2400 MPa or more, and more preferably 3000 MPa or more, and the upper limit is preferably 10000 MPa or less, more preferably 5000 MPa or less, more preferably 4200 MPa or less, and more preferably 4000 MPa or less. Examples of materials for the back sheet 6 include plastic films and plastic substrates made of synthetic resins such as thermoplastic resins, thermosetting resins, general-purpose plastics, engineering plastics, and vinyl resins (e.g., polyvinyl chloride). In addition to synthetic resins, materials for the back sheet 11 may also include natural resins, rubber, metals, carbon, pulp, and the like.

[0051] The lower limit of the thickness of the back sheet 6 is preferably 50 μm or more, more preferably 100 μm or more, and more preferably 200 μm or more, and the upper limit is preferably 2000 μm, more preferably 1000 μm or less, more preferably 800 μm or less, and more preferably 600 μm or less. When the thickness of the back sheet 6 is within the above range, it is easy to set the bending strength of the photovoltaic sheet 1 within the above range.

[0052] (Power generation section 7) The power generation section 7 includes power generation cells 70, which are photoelectric conversion elements that utilize the photovoltaic effect. In this embodiment, the power generation section 7 is composed of a photoelectric conversion unit in which multiple power generation cells 70 are arranged in the surface direction of the solar power generation sheet 1 (for example, in the longitudinal direction and / or width direction of the solar power generation sheet 1). Note that the power generation section 7 may also be composed of a single power generation cell 70.

[0053] 3(A), the power-generating cell 70 includes a light-transmitting substrate 11, a light-transmitting conductive layer 12, a power-generating layer 13, and an electrode 14. The light-transmitting substrate 11, the light-transmitting conductive layer 12, the power-generating layer 13, and the electrode 14 are laminated in this order along the direction from the barrier sheet 8 toward the back sheet 6. In other words, the light-transmitting substrate 11 is disposed opposite the barrier sheet 8, and the electrode 14 is disposed opposite the back sheet 6.

[0054] (Translucent substrate 11) The translucent substrate 11 supports the translucent conductive layer 12, the power generation layer 13, and the electrode 14. The translucent substrate 11 has translucency. The translucency of the translucent substrate 11 may be such that the light transmittance is 10% or more with respect to the peak wavelength of the light before incidence, but is preferably 50% or more, and more preferably 80% or more. In this specification, a light transmittance of 80% or more with respect to the peak wavelength of the light before incidence is defined as "transparent."

[0055] Examples of materials for the light-transmitting substrate 11 include inorganic materials, organic materials, and metal materials. Examples of inorganic materials include quartz glass and alkali-free glass. Examples of organic materials include plastics and polymer films such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalene (PEN), polyethylene, polyimide, polyamide, polyamideimide, liquid crystal polymer, and cycloolefin polymer. Examples of metal materials include stainless steel, aluminum, titanium, and silicon.

[0056] The thickness of the translucent substrate 11 is not particularly limited as long as it can support the translucent conductive layer 12, the power generation layer 13, and the electrodes 14, and may be, for example, 30 μm or more and 300 μm or less.

[0057] The light-transmitting substrate 11 is a substrate that is required during the manufacturing process of the power generating cells 70. The light-transmitting substrate 11 is not necessarily a necessary component, and may be used, for example, only during the manufacturing process of the photovoltaic sheet 1, or may be removed after or during manufacturing. Note that if the light-transmitting substrate 11 is removed, a non-light-transmitting substrate may be used instead.

[0058] (Transparent Conductive Layer 12) The transparent conductive layer 12 is a layer having conductivity and functions as a cathode. The transparent conductive layer 12 has light-transmitting properties. The transparent conductive layer 12 is preferably transparent.

[0059] Examples of the transparent conductive layer 12 include transparent materials such as indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), NESA film, etc. The transparent conductive layer 12 is formed on the surface of the transparent substrate by, for example, sputtering, ion plating, plating, coating, etc.

[0060] Alternatively, the translucent conductive layer 12 may be configured to be translucent by forming a light-transmitting pattern using an opaque material. Examples of opaque materials include platinum, gold, silver, copper, aluminum, rhodium, indium, titanium, nickel, tin, zinc, and alloys containing these. Examples of light-transmitting patterns include a lattice pattern, a line pattern, a wavy line pattern, a honeycomb pattern, and a round hole pattern.

[0061] The thickness of the transparent conductive layer 12 is preferably, for example, 30 nm or more and 300 nm or less. When the thickness of the transparent conductive layer 12 is 30 nm or more and 300 nm or less, the transparent conductive layer 12 can obtain good conductivity while maintaining high flexibility.

[0062] (Power generation layer 13) The power generation layer 13 is a layer that causes photoelectric conversion when irradiated with light, and generates electrons and holes from excitons that are generated by absorbing light. As shown in Fig. 3(B) , the power generation layer 13 includes a hole transport layer 131, a photoelectric conversion layer 132, and an electron transport layer 133. The hole transport layer 131, the photoelectric conversion layer 132, and the electron transport layer 133 are stacked in this order along the direction from the translucent conductive layer 12 toward the electrode 14.

[0063] (Hole transport layer 131) The hole transport layer 131 extracts holes generated in the photoelectric conversion layer 132 to the translucent conductive layer 12, and prevents electrons generated in the photoelectric conversion layer 132 from moving to the translucent conductive layer 12. As a material for the hole transport layer 131, for example, a metal oxide can be used. Examples of metal oxides include titanium oxide, molybdenum oxide, vanadium oxide, zinc oxide, nickel oxide, lithium oxide, calcium oxide, cesium oxide, and aluminum oxide. Other examples of metal oxides include delafossite-type compound semiconductors (CuGaO), copper oxide, copper thiocyanate (CuSCN), and vanadium pentoxide (VO). ５ ), graphene oxide, etc. Alternatively, the hole transport layer 131 may be made of a p-type organic semiconductor or a p-type inorganic semiconductor.

[0064] The lower limit of the thickness of the hole transport layer 131 is preferably 1 nm or more, more preferably 10 nm or more, and the upper limit is preferably 1000 nm or less, more preferably 500 nm or less, more preferably 50 nm or less. If the thickness of the hole transport layer 131 is within the above range, the transport of holes can be realized.

[0065] (Photoelectric Conversion Layer 132) The photoelectric conversion layer 132 (photoactive layer) is a layer that photoelectrically converts absorbed light. The material of the photoelectric conversion layer 132 is not particularly limited as long as it can photoelectrically convert absorbed light, and examples thereof include amorphous silicon, perovskite, and non-silicon materials (semiconductor material CIGS). The photoelectric conversion layer 132 may also have a tandem stacked structure that combines these materials. The photoelectric conversion layer 132 that uses a non-silicon material uses the semiconductor material CIGS, which contains copper (Cu), indium (In), gallium (Ga), and selenium (Se), making it easy to reduce the thickness of the photoelectric conversion layer.

[0066] Below, a photoelectric conversion layer using perovskite will be described as an example of the photoelectric conversion layer 132. The photoelectric conversion layer 132 containing a perovskite compound has the advantage that the dependence of power generation efficiency on the angle of incident light (hereinafter sometimes referred to as incident angle dependence) is relatively low. As a result, the solar power generation sheet 1 is less dependent on the slope of the installation surface 3, so it can be installed in a wider area than other solar cells and can achieve higher power generation efficiency.

[0067] The perovskite compound is a structure having a perovskite crystal structure or a crystal similar thereto. The perovskite crystal structure has the composition formula ABX ３ In this composition formula, for example, A represents an organic cation, B represents a metal cation, and X represents a halogen anion, but the A site, B site, and X site are not limited to these.

[0068] The organic group of the organic cation constituting the A site is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include alkylammonium derivatives, formamidinium derivatives, etc. The organic cation constituting the A site may be of one type or of two or more types.

[0069] The metal of the metal cation constituting the B site is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include Cu, Ni, Mn, Fe, Co, Pd, Ge, Sn, Pb, Eu, etc. The metal cation constituting the B site may be of one type or two or more types.

[0070] The halogen of the halogen anion constituting the X site is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include F, Cl, Br, and I. The halogen anion constituting the X site may be of one type or of two or more types.

[0071] The lower limit of the thickness of the photoelectric conversion layer 132 is preferably 1 nm or more, more preferably 5 nm or more, more preferably 10 nm or more, more preferably 100 nm or more, more preferably 300 nm or more, and the upper limit is preferably 1,000,000 nm or less, more preferably 50,000 nm or less, more preferably 1,000 nm or less. When the thickness of the photoelectric conversion layer 132 is in the above range, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved.

[0072] (Electron Transport Layer 133) The electron transport layer 133 extracts electrons generated in the photoelectric conversion layer 132 to the electrode 14, and prevents holes generated in the photoelectric conversion layer 132 from moving to the electrode 14. The electron transport layer 133 preferably contains, for example, either a halogen compound or a metal oxide.

[0073] Examples of halogen compounds include lithium halides (LiF, LiCl, LiBr, LiI) and sodium halides (NaF, NaCl, NaBr, NaI). Elements constituting metal oxides include titanium, molybdenum, vanadium, zinc, nickel, lithium, potassium, cesium, aluminum, niobium, tin, and barium. Furthermore, an n-type organic semiconductor or an n-type inorganic semiconductor can also be used as the material for the electron transport layer 133.

[0074] The lower limit of the thickness of the electron transport layer 133 is preferably 1 nm or more, more preferably 10 nm or more, and the upper limit is preferably 1000 nm or less, more preferably 500 nm or less, more preferably 50 nm or less. When the electron transport layer 133 has a thickness within the above range, it can transport electrons.

[0075] (Electrode 14) The electrode 14 is conductive and functions as an anode. The electrode 14 can extract electrons from the photoelectric conversion layer 132 in response to photoelectric conversion caused by the photoelectric conversion layer 132. The electrode 14 may be light-transmitting or may be made of an opaque material. Examples of materials for the electrode 14 include platinum, gold, silver, copper, aluminum, rhodium, indium, titanium, nickel, tin, zinc, and alloys containing these metals.

[0076] (Barrier sheet 8) The barrier sheet 8 is disposed on the opposite side of the back sheet 6 in the thickness direction of the photovoltaic sheet 1. The barrier sheet 8 includes the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic sheet 1. The barrier sheet 8 is translucent. The barrier sheet 8 is preferably transparent. The barrier sheet 8 has barrier properties against water vapor and protective properties against external forces.

[0077] The barrier sheet 8 is flexible. The lower limit of the Young's modulus of the barrier sheet 8 is preferably 100 Pa or more, more preferably 1000 MPa or more, more preferably 2400 MPa or more, and more preferably 3000 MPa or more, and the upper limit is preferably 10000 MPa or less, more preferably 5000 MPa or less, more preferably 4200 MPa or less, and more preferably 4000 MPa or less. Examples of materials for the barrier sheet 8 include plastic films and vinyl films made of synthetic resins such as thermoplastic resins, thermosetting resins, general-purpose plastics, engineering plastics, and vinyl resins (e.g., polyvinyl chloride). Furthermore, materials for the barrier sheet 17 may include, in addition to synthetic resins, natural resins, rubber, metals, pulp, and the like.

[0078] Furthermore, the lower limit of the thickness of the barrier sheet 8 is preferably 50 μm or more, more preferably 100 μm or more, and more preferably 200 μm or more, and the upper limit is preferably 2000 μm or less, more preferably 1000 μm or less, more preferably 800 μm or less, and more preferably 600 μm or less. When the thickness of the barrier sheet 8 is within the above range, it is easy to set the bending strength of the photovoltaic sheet 1 within the above range.

[0079] (Sealant 9) The sealant 9 is filled between the barrier sheet 8 and the back sheet 6 with the power generation layer 13 disposed between the barrier sheet 8 and the back sheet 6. The sealant 9 prevents water from penetrating into the power generation layer 13 from around the power generation layer 13. The sealant 9 is translucent and is preferably transparent.

[0080] Examples of materials for the sealant 9 include ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), polyolefin, butyl rubber, silicone resin, polyvinyl butyral, acrylic resin, polyisobutylene resin, SBS resin, SIBS resin, and epoxy resin.

[0081] (Sealing Edge Material 10) With the plurality of power-generating cells 70 and sealant 9 disposed between the back sheet 6 and the barrier sheet 8, the sealing edge material 10 seals the gap between the outer periphery of the back sheet 6 and the outer periphery of the barrier sheet 8 around the entire periphery. The outer periphery of the sealing edge material 10 forms the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1. As shown in FIG. 3(A) , the sealing edge material 10 includes a first adhesive portion 101, a second adhesive portion 102, and a sealing portion 103 connecting the first adhesive portion 101 and the second adhesive portion 102. The first adhesive portion 101 is adhered to the front surface (top surface in the figure) of the barrier sheet 8. The second adhesive portion 102 is adhered to the back surface (bottom surface in the figure) of the back sheet 6. The first adhesive portion 101, the sealing portion 103, and the second adhesive portion 102 are integrally formed.

[0082] Examples of the material for the sealing edge material 10 include tape materials made of butyl rubber, silicone rubber, and the like.

[0083] (Function of solar power generating sheet 1) When light is irradiated onto the solar power generating sheet 1 from the front surface side (barrier sheet 8 side) of the solar power generating sheet 1, the photoelectric conversion layer 132 of the power generating layer 13 absorbs the light and performs photoelectric conversion, generating electrons and holes in the photoelectric conversion layer 132. The electrons are extracted to the electrode 14 (anode) via the electron transport layer 133, and the holes are extracted to the translucent conductive layer 12 (cathode) via the hole transport layer 131, causing a current to flow from the translucent conductive layer 12 to the electrode 14 (i.e., power generation is performed).

[0084] In the photovoltaic conversion unit that constitutes the power generation section 7, an extension 14a is provided on the electrode 14 (anode) of each power generation cell 70 ( FIG. 3(C) ). The extension 14a of the electrode 14 extends toward the translucent conductive layer 12 (cathode). In two adjacent power generation cells 70, the extension 14 of the electrode 14 of one cell 70 is bonded to the translucent conductive layer 12 of the other cell 70. Due to this bonding, while the solar power generation sheet 1 is irradiated with light, current flows from the translucent conductive layer 12A at one end of the power generation section 7 (photovoltaic conversion unit) to the electrode 14A at the other end of the power generation section 7 (the current flow is indicated by arrows in FIG. 3(C) ). This current is extracted via a power distribution line.

[0085] By configuring the power generation section 7 from the above-described photoelectric conversion unit, the amount of electricity extracted from the power generation section 7 can be stabilized even if a malfunction occurs in some of the power generation cells 70 .

[0086] Instead of providing the extension 14a on the electrode 14 (anode) of each power generating cell 70, an extension extending toward the electrode 14 (anode) may be provided on the translucent conductive layer 12 (cathode) of each power generating cell 70. In this case, between two adjacent power generating cells 70, 70, the extension of the translucent conductive layer 12 of one cell 70 is joined to the electrode 14 of the other cell 70. In this way, the same effect as above can be obtained.

[0087] Furthermore, when the power generation unit 7 is provided with a translucent base material 11, from the viewpoint of facilitating the manufacture of the power generation unit 7, it is preferable to support the translucent conductive layer 12, the power generation layer 13, and the electrodes 14 of each power generation cell 70 on a common translucent base material 11, as shown in FIG. 3(C).

[0088] Furthermore, when the power generating section 70 is configured by one power generating cell 70, the current flowing from the electrode 14 to the translucent conductive layer 12 is extracted via a power distribution line.

[0089] The photovoltaic sheet 1 may include a plurality of power generation units 70. In this case, the plurality of power generation units 70 are arranged in the surface direction of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and are electrically connected in series or in parallel.

[0090] When the power generation section 7 is composed of a photoelectric conversion unit, in order to connect a plurality of power generation sections 70 in series, the translucent conductive layer 12A at an end of one of two adjacent power generation sections 7, 7 is connected via a power distribution line to the electrode 14A at the end of the other power generation section 7. When connecting a plurality of power generation sections 70 in parallel, the translucent conductive layers 12A, 12A at the ends of two adjacent power generation sections 7, 7 are connected to each other via a power distribution line, and the electrodes 14A, 14A at the ends of the two adjacent power generation sections 7, 7 are connected to each other via a power distribution line.

[0091] Furthermore, when the power generation unit 7 is composed of one power generation cell 70, in order to connect a plurality of power generation units 7 in series, the translucent conductive layer 12 of one power generation unit 7 of two adjacent power generation units 7, 7 is connected via a power distribution line to the electrode 14 of the other power generation unit 7. When connecting a plurality of power generation units 7 in parallel, the translucent conductive layers 12, 12 of two adjacent power generation units 7, 7 are connected to each other and the electrodes 14, 14 of the two adjacent power generation units, respectively, via power distribution lines.

[0092] Whether the power generation section 7 is composed of the above-mentioned photoelectric conversion unit or a single power generation cell 70, the distance between adjacent power generation sections 7, 7 may be greater than 0 mm, and is preferably 2 mm or more, more preferably 10 mm or more, and even more preferably 15 mm or more. The distance between adjacent power generation sections 7, 7 is preferably 100 mm or less, more preferably 50 mm or more, and even more preferably 20 mm or less.

[0093] 1 and 2 , adhesive 4 is provided between at least the outer periphery of photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3. The photovoltaic sheet 1 is fixed to the installation surface 3 by adhering at least the outer periphery to the installation surface 3 with adhesive 4. In this specification, the "outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet" refers to an annular range of the photovoltaic sheet 1 that has a predetermined width from the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1.

[0094] The lower limit of the viscosity of the adhesive 4 is preferably 800 cP or more, and more preferably 1000 cP or more. When the viscosity of the adhesive 4 is in the above range, the photovoltaic sheet 1 can be firmly adhered to the installation surface 3. The viscosity of the adhesive 4 may be less than 800 cP, but is preferably 100 cP or more. In terms of the ease of handling of the adhesive 4, the upper limit of the viscosity of the adhesive 4 is preferably 10 x 10 ７ cP or less, and more preferably 10 × 10 ６ cP or less, and more preferably 10 × 10 ４ cP or less.

[0095] The lower limit of the loss factor (tan δ) of the adhesive 4 with respect to vibration is preferably 0.01 or more, more preferably 0.05 or more, and more preferably 0.07 or more, and the upper limit is preferably 0.3 or less, more preferably 0.25 or less, and more preferably 0.2 or less. The loss factor indicates the amount of vibrational energy transmitted from the installation surface 3 to the photovoltaic sheet 1 via the adhesive 4. The loss factor is calculated by dividing the storage modulus of the adhesive 4 by the loss modulus. The loss factor can be measured using a rheometer in accordance with JIS K7244-10.

[0096] When the photovoltaic sheet 1 is installed on an installation surface 3 such as a roof or wall, the photovoltaic sheet 1 may vibrate due to vibrations of the installation surface 3 in addition to the effects of wind. If the photovoltaic sheet 1 vibrates due to vibrations of the installation surface 3, there is a risk of a decrease in the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic sheet 1. In particular, when the photovoltaic sheet 1 is made larger, the vibrations of the photovoltaic sheet 1 caused by the vibrations of the installation surface 3 described above become greater, and the problem of a decrease in power generation efficiency due to vibrations of the photovoltaic sheet 1 becomes more pronounced.

[0097] Having the loss coefficient of the adhesive 4 within the above range means that vibrations of the installation surface 3 can be effectively converted into elastic loss and energy can be dissipated in the layer of hardened adhesive 4, thereby suppressing vibration of the photovoltaic sheet 1. In addition, the photovoltaic sheet 1 can be firmly fixed to the installation surface 3 by the adhesive 4, and in particular, even if the installation surface 3 is inclined and the installation angle of the photovoltaic sheet 1 approaches perpendicular to the horizontal plane, the photovoltaic sheet 1 can be prevented from sliding down the installation surface 3.

[0098] The lower limit of the thickness of the adhesive 4 is preferably 0.1 mm or more, more preferably 1 mm or more, and more preferably 3 mm or more, and the upper limit is preferably 20 mm or less, more preferably 15 mm or less, and more preferably 10 mm or less. When the thickness of the adhesive 4 is within the above range, vibrations of the installation surface 3 can be effectively suppressed by the layer of hardened adhesive 4, and vibration of the photovoltaic sheet 1 can be suppressed. In addition, the weight load on the installation surface 3 can be reduced.

[0099] The lower limit of the modulus of transverse elasticity of the layer of cured adhesive 4 is preferably 0.1 MPa or more, more preferably 0.5 MPa or more, and more preferably 1 MPa or more, and the upper limit is preferably 100 MPa or less, more preferably 50 MPa or less, and more preferably 10 MPa or less. When the modulus of transverse elasticity of the layer of cured adhesive 4 is within the above range, the photovoltaic sheet 1 can be applied to the installation surface 3 in accordance with the shape of the installation surface 3, thereby making effective use of the area.

[0100] The peel strength of the photovoltaic sheet 1 to the installation surface 3 via the adhesive 4 is preferably 0.1 N / cm or more. The peel strength is a measurement result obtained in a 90° peel test in accordance with JIS K6854-1, and in the case of deterioration over time, the peel strength at the time of installation is used.

[0101] For example, a resin composition containing at least one selected from vinyl acetate resin, ethylene vinyl acetate resin, epoxy resin, cyanoacrylate resin, acrylic resin, chloroprene rubber, styrene, butadiene rubber, polyurethane resin, silicone resin, and modified silicone resin can be used as the adhesive 4. Note that the present disclosure does not limit the adhesive 4 to the above-mentioned resin compositions.

[0102] The adhesive 4 may be applied to the installation surface 3 or the solar power generation sheet 1 at the construction site, or may be provided in advance in the form of a sheet on the solar power generation sheet 1 or the installation surface 3 (particularly the installation building material, etc.), with the adhesive surface covered with a release protective sheet when transported to the construction site, and the release protective sheet peeled off after arrival at the construction site for use.

[0103] When the adhesive 4 is provided only between the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3, the width of the adhesive 4, as the length from the outer edge of the photovoltaic sheet 1 toward the inside along the installation surface 3, preferably has a lower limit of 5 mm or more, more preferably 100 mm or more, and more preferably 150 mm or more, and an upper limit of 250 mm or less, more preferably 200 mm or less, and more preferably 175 mm or less. When the width of the adhesive 4 is within the above range, the adhesive 4 can effectively suppress vibrations of the photovoltaic sheet 1 caused by the effects of wind and vibrations of the installation surface 3.

[0104] (Effects) According to the installation structure 2 according to the first embodiment, the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 is adhered to the installation surface 3 by the adhesive 4, with the unevenness of the installation surface 3 below the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 being filled in by the adhesive 4. This prevents gaps from forming between the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3, preventing wind from entering between the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3. This prevents the photovoltaic sheet 1 from vibrating due to wind, allowing the installation angle of the photovoltaic sheet 1 relative to sunlight to be stably maintained. This means that the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic sheet 1 can be stably maintained.

[0105] Furthermore, even if the installation surface 3 vibrates, the vibration of the installation surface can be suppressed by the layer of hardened adhesive 4, and the photovoltaic sheet 1 can be prevented from vibrating due to the influence of the vibration of the installation surface 3. This allows the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic sheet 1 to be stably maintained.

[0106] Furthermore, because the solar power generation sheet 1 is flexible, the shape and orientation of the solar power generation sheet 1 can be adjusted so that the angle of the solar power generation sheet 1 relative to sunlight at any position on the solar power generation sheet 1 is the desired angle, and the solar power generation sheet 1 can then be adhered to the installation surface 3 with adhesive 4.

[0107] From the viewpoint of preventing wind from entering between the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3, it is preferable that adhesive 4 be provided around the entire periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 between the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3. However, as shown in Figures 4 to 7 , the periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 may include a portion where no adhesive 4 is provided, and this portion may not be adhered to the installation surface 3. The portion of the periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 where no adhesive 4 is provided is referred to as a non-fixed portion 50.

[0108] The non-fixed portion 50 is preferably provided on the lower edge of the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1. The lower edge refers to the lower portion of the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 that crosses the downward direction of the inclined installation surface 3. For example, if the shape of the photovoltaic sheet 1 is rectangular in plan view, the non-fixed portion 50 is preferably provided on the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1, i.e., on the lower of the four straight edges (top edge, left and right edges, and bottom edge). In this case, the non-fixed portion 50 may be provided in the center of the bottom edge of the photovoltaic sheet 1 as shown in FIG. 4 , or on both sides of the bottom edge of the photovoltaic sheet 1 as shown in FIG. 5 , or multiple non-fixed portions 50 may be provided at equal intervals on the bottom edge of the photovoltaic sheet 1 as shown in FIG. 6 .

[0109] When the photovoltaic sheet 1 is installed on the installation surface 3 and water such as rainwater seeps in between the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3, the water flows downward along the inclined installation surface 3 and down to the lower edge (bottom side) of the photovoltaic sheet 1. The water is then drained from an opening in the unfixed part 50 of the lower edge (bottom side) of the photovoltaic sheet 1. This prevents water from accumulating between the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3 and prevents water from coming into contact with the power generation unit 7 and causing deterioration of the photovoltaic sheet 1.

[0110] 5 and 6, at the lower edge (bottom side) of the photovoltaic sheet 1, it is preferable that no adhesive 4 is provided at the corners where the photovoltaic sheet 1 meets both side edges (sides) of the photovoltaic sheet 1, leaving non-fixed areas 50. This allows water that seeps in between the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3 to be discharged without pooling in these corners.

[0111] It is preferable that the adhesive 4 is not provided at the bottom of the lower edge (bottom side) of the photovoltaic sheet 1, and that a non-fixed portion 50 is provided. The bottom of the lower edge (bottom side) of the photovoltaic sheet 1 refers to the innermost part (lowest part) in the downward direction of the installation surface 3. If the shape of the photovoltaic sheet 1 is rectangular in plan view, the entire lower edge (bottom side) is the bottom. Also, if the shape of the photovoltaic sheet 1 is circular in plan view, the apex of the semicircular arc-shaped lower edge is the bottom. By including a non-fixed portion 50 at the bottom of the lower edge (bottom side) of the photovoltaic sheet 1, water that has seeped in between the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3 can be discharged from the opening in the non-fixed portion 50 without accumulating at the lower edge (bottom side).

[0112] As shown in Figure 7 , at least one non-fixed portion 50 may be provided on the left and right side edges (left and right sides) and / or top edge (upper edge) of the photovoltaic sheet 1. In Figure 7 , multiple adhesives 4 are provided at equal intervals on the left and right side edges (left and right sides) and top edge (upper edge) of the photovoltaic sheet 1, and multiple non-fixed portions 50 are provided at equal intervals. In the example of Figure 7 , when water that has seeped between the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3 evaporates and generates steam, the steam can be discharged from the non-fixed portions 50 on the left and right side edges and / or top edge of the photovoltaic sheet 1.

[0113] The non-fixed portions 50 at the periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 are large enough that even if wind gets between the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3 through openings in the non-fixed portions 50, the photovoltaic sheet 1 will not vibrate significantly due to this wind. The size of the openings in the non-fixed portions 50 is approximately 1 mm or more and 5 mm or less.

[0114] Because the installation surface 3 is inclined, water that seeps in between the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3 is discharged from the non-fixed portion 50 at the lower edge of the photovoltaic sheet 1. The upward direction of the installation surface 3 is the upward direction toward a higher position, and the downward direction toward a lower position is the downward direction, and the direction perpendicular to the up-down direction and along the installation surface 3 is the horizontal direction. When water such as rainwater adheres to the installation surface 3, the water flows downward along the installation surface 3. The angle that the installation surface 3 makes with the horizontal plane is preferably 1.5° or more, more preferably 2° or more, and even more preferably 5° or more, so that water on the installation surface 3 can flow smoothly downward along the installation surface 3.

[0115] In the installation structure 2 according to the first embodiment, the sealing member may be a hook-and-loop fastener such as Velcro (registered trademark), a magnet, double-sided tape, or the like, instead of the adhesive 4 .

[0116] Next, a description will be given of an installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. The following description will focus on differences from the first embodiment, and the same reference numerals will be used to designate the same parts as the first embodiment, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0117] Second Embodiment FIGS. 8 and 9 show a photovoltaic sheet installation structure 20 according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0118] The installation structure 20 according to the second embodiment also includes an installation surface 3, a photovoltaic sheet 1, and an adhesive 4 as a sealant that seals the gap between the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3. In the installation structure 20 of the second embodiment, the adhesive 4 is provided between the entire photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3. The entire photovoltaic sheet 1 is adhered to the installation surface 3 by the adhesive 4, thereby fixing the photovoltaic sheet 1 to the installation surface 3.

[0119] According to the mounting structure 20 of the second embodiment, the adhesive 4 bonds the entire photovoltaic sheet 1 to the mounting surface 3 while filling in any irregularities on the mounting surface 3 below the entire photovoltaic sheet 1, thereby preventing any gaps from forming between the entire photovoltaic sheet 1 and the mounting surface 3. This makes it possible to further reduce vibration of the photovoltaic sheet 1 due to the effects of wind. Furthermore, because vibration of the mounting surface can be widely suppressed by the layer of hardened adhesive 4, it is possible to effectively suppress vibration of the photovoltaic sheet 1 due to vibration of the mounting surface 3. This means that the angle of the photovoltaic sheet 1 relative to sunlight can be more stably maintained, and the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic sheet 1 can be more stably maintained.

[0120] Third Embodiment FIGS. 10 and 11 show a photovoltaic sheet installation structure 21 according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0121] The installation structure 21 according to the third embodiment further includes a cover member 15 having ultraviolet blocking properties in addition to the configuration of the installation structure 20 shown in the second embodiment.

[0122] The cover member 15 includes a base 16 that is a long, plate-like member that is rectangular in plan view, and a long, plate-like covering portion 17 that rises from the base 16 along one long side of the base 16. The cover member 15 has a shape in which the covering portion 17 is bent at 90 degrees relative to the base 16. The cover member 15 is installed on the installation surface 3 with the base 16 adjacent to the outside of the photovoltaic sheet 1, so that the covering portion 17 is positioned along the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1. In this way, the cover member 15 covers the adhesive 4 between the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3.

[0123] According to the installation structure 21 of the third embodiment, the cover member 15 blocks ultraviolet rays, thereby preventing the adhesive 4 from being exposed to ultraviolet rays. This prevents the adhesive 4 from being deteriorated by ultraviolet rays, and the state in which the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3 are bonded by the adhesive 4 can be maintained for a long period of time.

[0124] In the installation structure 21 according to the third embodiment, the adhesive 4 does not necessarily have to be provided between the entire photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3. As with the installation structure 2 of the first embodiment, the adhesive 4 may be provided only between the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3.

[0125] Fourth Embodiment FIGS. 12 and 13 show a photovoltaic sheet installation structure 22 according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0126] In the installation structure 22 according to the fourth embodiment, the cover member 15 has UV-blocking properties and includes the base 16 and covering portion 17 described above, and the covering portion 18, which is a long, plate-like member that is rectangular in plan view. The covering portion 18 protrudes horizontally from the covering portion 18 at its upper end, and the cover member 15 has a shape in which the base 16 and covering portion 18 are bent 90 degrees to the opposite side from the covering portion 17. The cover member 15 is installed on the installation surface 3 with the base 16 adjacent to the outside of the photovoltaic sheet 1, so that the covering portion 17 is arranged along the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the covering portion 18 protrudes inward from the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 to cover the front surface of the photovoltaic sheet 1. As a result, the cover member 15 covers the adhesive 4 between the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3, and also covers a portion of the front surface of the photovoltaic sheet 1 that is a predetermined width from the outer periphery.

[0127] According to the installation structure 21 of the fourth embodiment, the covering portion 18 is provided on the cover member 15, so that even if a gap (not shown) occurs between the cover member 15 and the outer peripheral edge of the solar power generation sheet 1 (even if the covering portion 17 of the cover member 15 is not in close contact with the outer peripheral edge of the solar power generation sheet 1), ultraviolet rays can be prevented from being irradiated onto the adhesive 4.

[0128] Furthermore, by pressing down the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 with the covering portion 18 of the cover member 15, it is possible to reinforce the fixation of the photovoltaic sheet 1 to the installation surface 3 and prevent the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 from flapping due to wind, etc. The shape of the covering portion 18 in plan view is not particularly limited and can be various shapes as long as it can press down the front surface of the photovoltaic sheet 1.

[0129] In order to press down the solar power generating sheet 1 without reducing the power generation performance of the solar power generating sheet 1, it is preferable that the covering portion 18 is large enough to press down the area other than the power generating portion 7 of the solar power generating sheet 1, for example, the area of ​​the sealing edge material 10 on the outer periphery.

[0130] The lower limit of the contact pressure between the covering portion 18 and the photovoltaic sheet 1 is preferably 0.5 MPa or more, more preferably 1 MPa or more, and more preferably 2.5 MPa or more, and the upper limit is preferably 25 MPa or less, more preferably 15 MPa or less, and more preferably 10 MPa or less. This contact pressure can be measured using pressure-sensitive paper or the like. By setting the contact pressure within the above range, the covering portion 18 of the cover member 15 can adequately press down on the photovoltaic sheet 1, preventing excessive deformation of the photovoltaic sheet 1 that would impair the power generation efficiency.

[0131] The edge 18c of the covering 18, between the pressing surface 18a and the side surface 18b that contacts the front surface of the photovoltaic sheet 1, is preferably processed to have a curved or rounded surface, as shown in Figures 14(A) and 14(B). The edge 18c of the covering 18 contacts the front surface of the photovoltaic sheet 1 when the photovoltaic sheet 1 is deformed by wind or other factors, thereby reducing damage to the photovoltaic sheet 1 caused by the pressure of the covering 18. In particular, unlike rigid solar cells, the photovoltaic sheet 1 is prone to elastic deformation, making it difficult to predict deformation due to wind or other factors. Therefore, effectively reducing stress concentration at the contact point with the edge 18c of the covering 18 allows the photovoltaic sheet 1 to be installed stably for a longer period of time. Another method for reducing stress concentration at the contact point with the edge 18c of the covering 18 may be to provide an elastic spacer or the like between the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the covering 18. Materials for this elastic member are not particularly specified, but examples include rubber, resin, and metal washers.

[0132] As shown in Figure 15, the covering portion 18 of the cover member 15 has a long protrusion 19 protruding from the underside. The protrusion 19 extends along the length of the covering portion 18. By providing the protrusion 19 on the covering portion 18 of the cover member 15 that contacts the front surface of the photovoltaic sheet 1, the protrusion 19 compresses the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1. This prevents water from seeping in between the covering portion 18 of the cover member 15 and the photovoltaic sheet 1, improving the watertightness of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and allowing the photovoltaic sheet 1 to be installed stably for a longer period of time. Note that, from the perspective of not reducing the power generation performance of the photovoltaic sheet 1, it is preferable that the protrusion 19 be provided on the covering portion 18 so that the protrusion 19 contacts areas other than the power generation portion 7 of the photovoltaic sheet 1, for example, the area of ​​the sealing edge material 10 on the periphery.

[0133] With respect to the crushing rate of the photovoltaic sheet 1 caused by the protrusions 19, assuming the thickness of the photovoltaic sheet 1 to be 100%, the lower limit is preferably 1% or more, more preferably 5% or more, and more preferably 10%, and the upper limit is preferably 25% or less, more preferably 20% or less, and more preferably 15% or less. By keeping the crushing rate within the above range, it is possible to appropriately improve the water blocking properties of the photovoltaic sheet 1 while suppressing excessive deformation of the photovoltaic sheet 1 that would impair the power generation efficiency.

[0134] In the installation structure 22 according to the fourth embodiment, the adhesive 4 does not necessarily have to be provided between the entire photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3. As with the installation structure 2 of the first embodiment, the adhesive 4 may be provided only between the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3.

[0135] The material of the cover member 15 shown in the third and fourth embodiments is not particularly limited as long as it has ultraviolet blocking properties. The cover member 15 can be a frame made of, for example, a metal such as aluminum, resin, a composite reinforced material, etc. The cover member 15 can be fixed to the installation surface 3 at the base 16 using, for example, bolts or adhesive.

[0136] As shown in Figures 10 and 12 , the entire periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 is surrounded by the covering portions 17 of the cover members 15, which makes it possible to suppress deterioration of the adhesive 4 all around. In order to surround the entire periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 with the covering portions 17 of the cover members 15, multiple linear cover members 15 (four in the illustrated example) are prepared in Figures 10 and 12 , and a linear cover member 15 is attached to each side of the photovoltaic sheet 1. In order to surround the entire periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 with the covering portions 17 of the cover members 15, for example, one annular cover member may be prepared and attached around the photovoltaic sheet 1.

[0137] Note that this disclosure does not exclude cases where the entire periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 is not surrounded by the covering portion 17 of the cover member 15. For example, a cover member 15 including a plate-shaped covering portion 17 may be provided on only a portion of the periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1, or a cover member 15 may be provided around the entire periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1, but the covering portion 17 may be not a single plate but multiple rod-shaped portions arranged at intervals. Even in this case, ultraviolet light can be prevented from being irradiated onto the adhesive 4 in the area where the cover member 15 is provided, thereby preventing deterioration of the adhesive 4.

[0138] The cover member 15 may not include the base 16, and may be fixed to the installation surface 3 by extending the covering portion 17 downward and embedding it in the installation surface 3. In this case, it is preferable that the covering portion 17 has protrusions or the like on its outer peripheral surface, which makes it easier to embed the covering portion 17 in the installation surface 3 while making it difficult for the embedded covering portion 17 to come off from the installation surface 3. And / or it is preferable that the covering portion 17 is hollow, which ensures a large contact area between the installation surface 3 and the embedded covering portion 17 in the installation surface 3, making it difficult for the embedded covering portion 17 to come off from the installation surface 3. If the covering portion 17 is hollow, it is also possible to provide protrusions or the like on the inner peripheral surface of the covering portion 17, which makes it difficult for the embedded covering portion 17 to come off from the installation surface 3.

[0139] In the installation structures 21, 22 according to the third and fourth embodiments, the covering member that covers the adhesive 4 between the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3 may be a joint material such as cement, instead of the cover member 15 described above. At the construction site, a joint material may be applied around the photovoltaic sheet 1 so as to cover the adhesive 4 between the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3.

[0140] <Modifications> The installation structure of the present disclosure is not limited to the installation structure of the above embodiment, and can be modified in various ways.

[0141] In the installation structure of the above embodiment, a single adhesive 4 fills the gap between the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3. In the installation structure of the present disclosure, the adhesive 4 may include a first adhesive that bonds the installation surface 3 and the filler, and a second adhesive that bonds the filler and the photovoltaic sheet 1. This also provides the same effect as the installation structure of the above embodiment. The viscosity of the filler is preferably 800 cP or higher.

[0142] Furthermore, in the installation structure of the present disclosure, in addition to fixing the photovoltaic sheet 1 to the installation surface 3 with the adhesive 4, the photovoltaic sheet 1 may also be fixed to the installation surface 3 using a fixing material.

[0143] The fixing material is not particularly limited, and examples include flange members with flange portions such as bolts and rivets, clamping members, staples, etc. Clamps and vices are examples of clamping members. By using flange members or clamping members arranged in an area other than the power generating section 7 of the photovoltaic sheet 1, for example in the area of ​​the sealing edge material 10 on the periphery, the photovoltaic sheet 1 can be fixed with a higher fixing force to the installation surface 3 without reducing the power generation performance of the photovoltaic sheet 1. The flange members or clamping members may be fixed to the periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 partially or all around.

[0144] Other examples of fastening members include hanging members such as hooks, claws, and L-shaped hooks. By passing the hanging member through an area of ​​the photovoltaic sheet 1 other than the power generating section 7, for example, the area of ​​the sealing edge material 10 on the periphery, the photovoltaic sheet 1 can be fixed to the installation surface 3 with greater fixing force without reducing the power generation performance of the photovoltaic sheet 1. Fixing holes through which the hanging member passes may be formed in advance in the photovoltaic sheet 1, or the fixing holes may be formed by pressing the photovoltaic sheet 1 against the hanging member during installation. If fixing holes are formed in the photovoltaic sheet 1 in advance, the insides of the fixing holes and the peripheries of the fixing holes may be covered with metal, resin, or the like. This can prevent cracks from developing through the fixing holes and damage caused by strong winds, vibrations, etc. when the photovoltaic sheet 1 is installed.

[0145] The materials for the flange member, sandwiching member, and hanging member described above are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include metal, resin, and composite reinforced material. Examples of metal include aluminum, SUS, and painted metal members. Examples of resin include polypropylene, polyethylene, rigid PVC, polycarbonate, polyamide, and PPS. Examples of composite reinforced materials include those containing the above resins with carbon, glass, or metal fiber. The flange member, sandwiching member, and hanging member are fixed to the installation surface 3. The method of fixing them to the installation surface 3 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include adhesive, sandwiching, bolt and nut, pinning, welding, melting, and screwing into the installation surface 3.

[0146] Furthermore, in the installation structure of the above embodiment, the adhesive 4 prevents the photovoltaic sheet 1 from vibrating due to the influence of wind, and also prevents vibration caused by vibration of the installation surface 3. In the installation structure of the present disclosure, if the installation surface 3 is not prone to vibration and only vibration of the photovoltaic sheet 1 due to the influence of wind needs to be considered, the above-mentioned cover member 15 may be used as the sealing material, and the cover member 15 may be installed around the photovoltaic sheet 1 instead of the adhesive 4. The cover member 15 prevents wind from entering between the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3, thereby suppressing vibration of the photovoltaic sheet 1 due to the influence of wind.

[0147] Alternatively, the sealing material of the present disclosure may use a joint material, and the joint material may be filled in the gap between at least the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3 instead of the adhesive 4. The joint material prevents wind from entering between the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3, thereby suppressing vibration of the photovoltaic sheet 1 due to the influence of wind.

[0148] High-viscosity resins, cement, etc. can be used as the joint material. The lower limit of the viscosity of the joint material is preferably 0.1 Pa·s or more, more preferably 10 Pa·s or more, and the upper limit is preferably 10,000 Pa·s or less, more preferably 1,000 Pa·s or less. Having a viscosity of the joint material within the above range allows the shape of the joint material to be maintained not only in the horizontal direction but also in the vertical direction, thereby effectively filling the gap between the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3. Furthermore, when applying the joint material to the installation surface 3 or the photovoltaic sheet 1, the joint material can be easily spread, improving workability.

[0149] The joint material may be provided only between the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3. Regarding the width of the joint material, as the length from the outer edge of the photovoltaic sheet 1 toward the inside along the installation surface 3, the lower limit is preferably 5 mm or more, more preferably 100 mm or more, and more preferably 150 mm or more, and the upper limit is 250 mm or less, more preferably 200 mm or less, and more preferably 175 mm or less. Having a joint material width within the above range effectively suppresses vibration of the photovoltaic sheet 1 due to the influence of wind, while also reducing the weight load on the installation surface 3, allowing the photovoltaic sheet 1 to be installed on an installation surface 3 such as a fragile roof.

[0150] When a joint material is used as a sealant, a cavity that is closed off from the outside is created between the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3. When the air in the cavity expands or contracts due to temperature changes, stress is generated in the photovoltaic sheet 1 in the direction perpendicular to the installation surface 3, which may damage the photovoltaic sheet 1. To prevent damage to the photovoltaic sheet 1 due to this cause, it is preferable to use a porous material for the joint material, or to form air holes in the joint material. This allows the photovoltaic sheet 1 to be installed stably for a longer period of time. The size of the air holes, as a total area, should preferably have a lower limit of 20 mm ２ More preferably, 25 mm or more. ２ More preferably, it is 50 mm or more. ２ The upper limit is preferably 200 mm ２ or less, more preferably 150 mm ２ More preferably, it is 100 mm or less. ２ The following is the result. By having the size of the air holes within the above range, it is possible to properly exchange the air that expands or contracts due to temperature changes with the outside air, thereby reducing the stress that occurs. In addition, it is possible to prevent rainwater from entering the air holes, thereby preventing deterioration of the photovoltaic sheet 1 due to rainwater. It is preferable that the air holes are sloped to prevent rainwater from seeping in from the outside to the inside of the joint material.

[0151] Furthermore, the sealing material of the present disclosure may be a lid member made of, for example, hard resin, metal, or ceramic, other than the cover member 15 or joint material, and the lid member may be used to close the gap between the outer edge of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3, thereby preventing wind from entering between the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3. This makes it possible to prevent vibration of the photovoltaic sheet 1 due to the influence of wind.

[0152] In the installation structure of the present disclosure, if adhesive 4 is not used as a sealant, the photovoltaic sheet 1 may be fixed to the installation surface 3 using adhesive 4. When fixing the photovoltaic sheet 1 to the installation surface 3 using adhesive 4, it is not necessary to bond the entire photovoltaic sheet 1 or the entire periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 to the installation surface 3 as long as the adhesive 4 can adhere the photovoltaic sheet 1 to the installation surface 3. The photovoltaic sheet 1 may be fixed to the installation surface 3 using the above-mentioned fixing material instead of adhesive 4, but fixing using adhesive 4 is preferable in terms of preventing damage to the photovoltaic sheet 1. Note that when a joint material is used as a sealant, as long as the photovoltaic sheet 1 can be fixed to the installation surface 3 using the joint material, the adhesive 4 and the above-mentioned fixing material are not necessarily required.

[0153] Furthermore, when the solar power generation sheet 1 is fixed to the installation surface 3 by the adhesive 4 without using the adhesive 4 as a sealing material, it is preferable to prevent the risk of the power generation part 7 of the solar power generation sheet 1 being bent and damaged when it is necessary to peel the solar power generation sheet 1 off the installation surface 3 and recover it.

[0154] Specifically, as shown in Fig. 16, the adhesives 4 preferably extend along one direction of the photovoltaic sheet 1 (the horizontal direction in Fig. 16) and are arranged at intervals in another direction perpendicular to the one direction (the vertical direction in Fig. 16). In Fig. 16, the adhesives 4 extend along the short direction of the photovoltaic sheet 1, which has a rectangular shape in a plan view, and are arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction.

[0155] 17(A), adhesive 4 fixes a portion of photovoltaic sheet 1 to the installation surface 3. The entire photovoltaic sheet 1 is not fixed to the installation surface 3 by adhesive 4, and the entire periphery of the outer periphery is not fixed to the installation surface 3. Therefore, photovoltaic sheet 1 includes a non-fixed portion inside the outer periphery that is not fixed to the installation surface 3, and also includes a non-fixed portion on the outer periphery that is not fixed to the installation surface 3.

[0156] The adhesive 4 is provided in areas of the photovoltaic sheet 1 that avoid the power generation sections 7 (areas that do not overlap the power generation sections 7 in plan view). For example, the adhesive 4 is provided in the boundary sections between adjacent power generation sections 7. In this case, from the perspective of firmly fixing the photovoltaic sheet 1 to the installation surface 3, it is preferable to provide the adhesive 4 in all of these boundary sections. In other words, it is preferable that the adhesives 4 are provided at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the photovoltaic sheet 1, sandwiching each power generation section 7 from both sides.

[0157] Next, an example of a method for peeling the photovoltaic sheet 1 from the installation surface 3 will be described. When peeling the photovoltaic sheet 1, as shown in Figure 17(B) , of the adhesives 4 arranged at intervals along the length of the photovoltaic sheet 1, first, the adhesive 4 located at one end in the lengthwise direction that fastens the photovoltaic sheet 1 to the installation surface 3 is released. This makes it possible to easily peel the portion of the photovoltaic sheet 1 adjacent to the released adhesive 4 (such as the power generation unit 7) from the installation surface 3. The portion of the photovoltaic sheet 1 that was peeled off from the installation surface 3 is folded over the remaining portion.

[0158] 17(C), the adhesive 4 next in the longitudinal direction is released from the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3. This allows the portion of the photovoltaic sheet 1 adjacent to the released adhesive 4 (such as the power generation unit 7) to be easily peeled off from the installation surface 3. The portion of the photovoltaic sheet 1 that has been peeled off from the installation surface 3 is folded over the remaining portion.

[0159] 17(D), the adhesive 4 at the other longitudinal end is released from the photovoltaic sheet 1, which is fixed to the installation surface 3. This allows the entire photovoltaic sheet 1 to be peeled off from the installation surface 3 and recovered.

[0160] With this method, when the photovoltaic sheet 1 is peeled off from the installation surface 3, the power generation section 7 does not bend and stress does not concentrate on the power generation section 7, so the photovoltaic sheet 1 can be easily peeled off from the installation surface 3 while preventing damage to the power generation section 7. Furthermore, because the photovoltaic sheet 1 can be peeled off from the installation surface 3 while being folded compactly, it is possible to prevent the photovoltaic sheet 1 from being blown around by the wind even in a windy environment such as on a roof, and the photovoltaic sheet 1 can be easily peeled off from the installation surface 3.

[0161] In the installation structure 23 shown in Figure 17, the fixing material for fixing the solar power generation sheet 1 to the installation surface 3 may be, in addition to adhesive 4, a hook-and-loop fastener such as Velcro (registered trademark), a magnet, double-sided tape, etc.

[0162] As another example, the sealing material of the present disclosure may be used with the material that constitutes the installation surface 3, as shown in Figure 18, when the installation surface 3 is the surface of ground on which soil, sand, gravel, etc. has accumulated, or the surface of ground formed of concrete, asphalt, etc.

[0163] In the installation structure 24 shown in Figure 18, the photovoltaic sheet 1 is installed on the installation surface 3 with its outer periphery buried beneath the installation surface 3. To avoid reducing the power generation performance of the photovoltaic sheet 1, it is preferable to bury the area of ​​the photovoltaic sheet 1 other than the power generation section 7, for example, the area of ​​the sealing edge material 10 on the outer periphery, beneath the installation surface 3. By burying the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 beneath the installation surface 3, the photovoltaic sheet 1 is fixed to the installation surface 3, and the gap between the outer edge of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3 is sealed by the material that forms the installation surface 3. This prevents wind from entering between the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3, and suppresses vibration of the photovoltaic sheet 1 due to the effects of wind. Note that by exposing the power generation section 7 of the photovoltaic sheet 1 above the installation surface 3, the photovoltaic sheet 1 generates electricity well.

[0164] 18 , if it is necessary to separately fix the photovoltaic sheet 1 to the installation surface 3, this can be done using an adhesive or the above-mentioned fasteners. For example, the portion of the photovoltaic sheet 1 that is exposed above the installation surface 3 can be fixed to the installation surface 3 with an adhesive, or the portion buried below the installation surface 3 can be fixed to the ground or the like below the installation surface 3 using the above-mentioned fasteners.

[0165] 18 , the upper and lower layers sandwiching the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 buried under the installation surface 3 may be of the same or different geological properties. For example, the photovoltaic sheet 1 may be placed on a layer of accumulated soil, sand, gravel, etc., and a layer of hardened concrete or the like may be provided on the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1, thereby burying the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 under the installation surface 3.

[0166] In the installation structure 24 shown in Figure 18, the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 is folded downward and buried under the installation surface 3. It is also possible to bury the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 under the installation surface 3 without folding it downward, but in this case, soil, sand, gravel, etc. will accumulate high on the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1. In this case, the high accumulation of soil, sand, gravel, etc. may block sunlight incident on the power generation unit 7 of the photovoltaic sheet 1, and the amount of power generated by the photovoltaic sheet 1 may decrease. In contrast, in the installation structure 24 shown in Figure 18, the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 is folded downward and buried under the installation surface 3 at a position lower than the power generation unit 7, so sunlight incident on the power generation unit 7 of the photovoltaic sheet 1 is not blocked, preventing a decrease in the amount of power generated by the photovoltaic sheet 1.

[0167] In the installation structure 24 shown in Figure 18, the electrical box 40, which outputs electricity generated by the power generation unit 7 of the photovoltaic sheet 1 to an external device such as a power conditioner, is preferably located on a portion of the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and buried under the installation surface 3. This prevents the electrical box 40 from being exposed to wind, rain, and sunlight, improving the durability of the electrical box 40. The electrical box 40 may also be located on another portion of the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and exposed above the installation surface 3. Having the electrical box 40 exposed above the installation surface 3 improves maintainability in the event of damage to the electrical box 40 or a poor connection.

[0168] 18 , the entire outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 is buried under the installation surface 3, but only a portion of the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 may be buried under the installation surface 3, with the remaining portion exposed above the installation surface 3. In this case, the gap between the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3 can be sealed using another sealing material as described above.

[0169] In the installation structure of the present disclosure, the photovoltaic sheet 1 may be installed on the installation surface 3 via a sheet material such as a resin sheet, in which case the surface of the sheet material also serves as the installation surface 3. An example of the sheet material is a fiber-containing sheet 41 shown in Fig. 19 .

[0170] The fiber-containing sheet 41 is a sheet containing fibers. As the fiber-containing sheet 41, a fiber-reinforced sheet in which the periphery of the fibers is coated with resin, or alternatively, a nonwoven fabric can be used. In this case, examples of the fiber material contained in the fiber-containing sheet 41 include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polylactic acid, polyolefin, asphalt, and silica sand. The thickness of the fiber-containing sheet 41 is preferably 0.1 mm or more and 100 mm or less. Covering the installation surface 3 with the fiber-containing sheet 41 blocks sunlight, thereby inhibiting vegetation from growing on the installation surface 3.

[0171] The planar shape of the fiber-containing sheet 41 is not particularly limited, and can be various shapes, such as rectangular shapes (e.g., rectangle), circular shapes, oval shapes, and polygonal shapes. The fiber-containing sheet 41 can be formed to the same shape and size as the photovoltaic sheet 1, but is preferably formed to be slightly larger than the photovoltaic sheet 1, as shown in FIG. 19 . This allows the photovoltaic sheet 1 to be installed on the installation surface 3, for example, by burying the entire outer periphery of the fiber-containing sheet 41 under the installation surface 3 and laying and fixing the fiber-containing sheet 41 to the installation surface 3. In this case, the gap between the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the surface of the fiber-containing sheet 41 is sealed with a sealant such as an adhesive, which prevents wind from entering between the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3 and suppresses vibration of the photovoltaic sheet 1 due to the influence of wind.

[0172] Furthermore, in the installation structure disclosed herein, the installation surface 3 may be a flat, horizontal surface without any inclination, or may be a corrugated surface curved with alternating peaks and valleys. If the installation surface 3 is a corrugated surface, the maximum bending radius of the photovoltaic sheet 1 is preferably 50 mm or more, more preferably 75 mm or more, and more preferably 100 mm or more. Having a maximum bending radius of the photovoltaic sheet 1 within the above range allows the photovoltaic sheet 1 to deform according to the shape of the corrugated installation surface 3 while minimizing damage to the photovoltaic sheet 1, allowing the photovoltaic sheet 1 to be installed on installation surfaces 3 of various shapes.

[0173] The lower limit of the bending radius of the power generating unit 7 of the photovoltaic sheet 1 is preferably 50 mm or more, more preferably 75 mm or more, and more preferably 100 mm or more, and the upper limit is preferably 300 mm or less, more preferably 200 mm or less, and more preferably 150 mm or less. Having the bending radius of the power generating unit 7 within the above ranges enables the power generating unit 7 of the photovoltaic sheet 1 to improve its ability to conform to various shapes of the installation surface 3 while suppressing breakage, and increases the effective light-receiving surface area.

[0174] Furthermore, in the installation structure of the present disclosure, the installation surface 3 may have a corner 30, as shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 . Installing the photovoltaic sheet 1 on the installation surface 3 so that it straddles the corner 30 may result in damage to the photovoltaic sheet 1 at the corner 30. Therefore, it is necessary to make it less likely to be damaged even when the photovoltaic sheet 1 is installed on the installation surface 3 so that it straddles the corner 30. The corner 30 refers to a protruding corner portion that is adjacent to at least one installation surface 3 and protrudes in a convex shape. Examples of corners 30 include the ridge of a roof, the upper corner of a gable, and the upper corner of an eaves edge. Ridges include ridges, ridges (corner ridges), and ridges. The upper end of a shed roof is also included in the ridge. This type of roof is not particularly limited, and examples include gable roofs, hip roofs, shed roofs, square roofs, gambrel roofs, sloping roofs, sloping roofs, sawtooth roofs, and sloping roofs. Buildings with roofs may be non-residential buildings or residential buildings. Examples of non-residential buildings include stores, warehouses, factories, assembly halls, gymnasiums, and parking lots. Examples of residential buildings include wooden houses, steel-framed houses, reinforced concrete houses, and aluminum houses. The installation surface 3 having a corner 30 is not limited to a roof, but also includes, for example, a wall surface or floor surface having a stepped convex portion and / or a localized convex portion. Examples of wall surfaces include wall surfaces made of concrete, metal siding, wooden wall panels, and earthen walls. The installation structure 25 shown in Figures 20 and 21 will be described using an example in which a photovoltaic sheet 1 is installed across the ridge of a gable roof.

[0175] The installation structure 25 shown in Figures 20 and 21 includes an installation surface 3, a photovoltaic sheet 1, and a spacer member 42. The photovoltaic sheet 1 is installed on the installation surface 3 while attached to the spacer member 42, thereby preventing the corners 30 of the installation surface 3 from hitting the photovoltaic sheet 1 hard. The spacer member 42 preferably keeps the corners 30 of the installation surface 3 and the photovoltaic sheet 1 out of contact. The spacer member 42 has a spacer 46 and at least one mounting portion 43 (a pair in Figures 20 and 21).

[0176] 20 and 21 , one of the pair of mounting parts 43 is attached to one widthwise end of the photovoltaic sheet 1, and the other of the pair of mounting parts 43 is attached to the other widthwise end of the photovoltaic sheet 1. The spacer 46 is disposed by the mounting part 43 between the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the corner 30 of the installation surface 3. This makes it possible to prevent the photovoltaic sheet 1 from being damaged by the corner 30, even if the photovoltaic sheet 1 is installed across the corner 30 on an installation surface 3 that has a corner 30. The spacer member 42 may be attached to the photovoltaic sheet 1 later at the installation site, or may be attached at the time of shipment from the factory.

[0177] By disposing the spacers 46 between the corners 30 of the installation surface 3 and the photovoltaic sheet 1, it is possible to reduce the external force applied from the corners 30 to the photovoltaic sheet 1. The lower limit of the thickness of the spacers 46 is preferably 1 mm or more, more preferably 3 mm or more, and more preferably 5 mm or more, and the upper limit is preferably 20 mm or less, more preferably 15 mm or less, and more preferably 10 mm or less. Having the thickness of the spacers 46 within the above range makes it possible to suppress damage at the contact points between the corners 30 of the installation surface 3 and the photovoltaic sheet 1.

[0178] The spacers 46 preferably keep the corners 30 of the installation surface 3 out of contact with the photovoltaic sheet 1. In order to keep the corners 30 of the installation surface 3 out of contact with the photovoltaic sheet 1, the spacers 46 are formed to extend from one end of the photovoltaic sheet 1 to the other end in the direction in which the corners 30 extend. In other words, the spacers 46 extend over the entire width of the photovoltaic sheet 1. In this case, the spacers 46 may be longer than the width of the photovoltaic sheet 1, as long as they extend over the entire width of the photovoltaic sheet 1.

[0179] Examples of materials for the spacer 46 include synthetic resin, metal, carbon, pulp, natural rubber, and ceramic. Considering outdoor use, the spacer 46 can be made of synthetic resins such as polypropylene, polyethylene, ABS resin, polyvinyl chloride, methacrylic resin, phenolic resin, epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, melamine resin, unsaturated polyester resin, PPS, NBR, and SBR. Examples of metals include aluminum alloys, stainless steel alloys, steel, niobium, nickel alloys, zirconium, chromium, and titanium alloys. However, because the spacer 46 is covered by the photovoltaic sheet 1, high weather resistance is not necessarily required. The spacer 46 may be made of one of the above materials or multiple materials. Furthermore, the spacer 46 may be made of a single layer or multiple layers.

[0180] It is preferable to chamfer the edges 48 on both sides of the top surface of the spacer 46. The edges 48 of the spacer 46 come into contact with the back surface of the photovoltaic sheet 1 when the spacer 46 supports the photovoltaic sheet 1, so by chamfering the edges 48, damage to the photovoltaic sheet 1 can be further reduced. The chamfering may be C-face chamfering or R-face chamfering.

[0181] The mounting portions 43 include a plurality of upper opposing portions 44 and a plurality of connecting portions 45. In this embodiment, one of the pair of mounting portions 43 is attached to one end of the photovoltaic sheet 1 in the width direction, and the other of the pair of mounting portions 43 is attached to the other end of the photovoltaic sheet 1 in the width direction.

[0182] The upper facing portion 44 faces the front surface, including the light-receiving surface, of the photovoltaic sheet 1. The upper facing portion 44 faces the upper part of the sealing edge material 10. As shown in Fig. 22(C) , the upper facing portion 44 is disposed above and spaced apart from the spacer 46, and a part of the photovoltaic sheet 1 is disposed between the upper facing portion 44 and the spacer 46.

[0183] The material of the upper facing portion 44 may be the same as or different from that of the spacer 46. Because the upper facing portion 44 is directly exposed to wind and rain, it preferably has higher weather resistance than the spacer 46. In this case, for example, synthetic resin, composite material, metal, carbon, ceramic, etc. are preferably used. Furthermore, to maintain the bent state of the photovoltaic sheet 1, a composite reinforcement material or metal is more preferable. The material of the reinforcing fibers contained in the composite reinforcement is not particularly limited, and examples include glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, and metal fiber. The lower limit of the fiber content is preferably 5 mass% or more, more preferably 15 mass% or more, and more preferably 30 mass% or more, relative to the total mass of the upper facing portion 44. Having the fiber content within the above range allows the upper facing portion 44 to have an appropriate strength. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of improving formability, the upper limit of the fiber content is preferably 80 mass% or less, more preferably 70 mass% or less, and more preferably 60 mass% or less, relative to the total mass of the upper facing portion 44. Furthermore, a color close to black is preferable. By preventing light from passing through, deterioration of the synthetic resin contained in the composite reinforcement material can be reduced.

[0184] The connecting portion 45 faces the end surface of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and connects the upper facing portion 44 and the spacer 46. The upper end of the connecting portion 45 is connected to the lower surface of the upper facing portion 44, and the lower end of the connecting portion 45 is connected to the upper surface of the spacer 46. The multiple connecting portions 45 are connected to the multiple upper facing portions 44 in a one-to-one relationship. The material of the connecting portion 45 may be the same as or a different material from the spacers 46 and / or the upper facing portions 44. The spacers 46, upper facing portions 44, and connecting portion 45 can be integrally formed from the same material, which reduces damage to not only the back surface of the photovoltaic sheet 1 but also the side surfaces.

[0185] The multiple upper opposing portions 44 of the mounting portion 43 are preferably slidable on the front surface of the photovoltaic sheet 1 in a direction intersecting the direction in which the corners 30 of the installation surface 3 extend. This allows the spacers 46 to move relative to the photovoltaic sheet 1 by the mounting portions 43 in a direction intersecting the direction in which the corners 30 of the installation surface 3 extend, as shown in Figure 23. Note that although Figure 23 shows the spacer members 42 moving relative to the photovoltaic sheet 1, the photovoltaic sheet 1 may also move relative to the spacer members 42, as long as the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the spacer members 42 are movable relative to each other.

[0186] The method for moving the mounting parts 43 is not particularly limited, and for example, rail parts may be provided on the photovoltaic sheet 1, and the mounting parts 43 may be attached to the rail parts. Examples of rail parts include guide bars, grooves, wires, etc. In this way, by movably attaching the spacers 46 to the photovoltaic sheet 1 by the mounting parts 43, when installing the photovoltaic sheet 1, it is easy to position the spacers 46 at the corners 30 of the installation surface 3 and then fine-tune the position of the photovoltaic sheet 1.

[0187] Next, an example of a method for installing the photovoltaic sheet 1 on an installation surface 3 that has a corner 30 will be described. Spacers 46 are attached to the photovoltaic sheet 1 using the attachment parts 43. Then, as shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 , the spacers 46 are placed over the corners 30 of the installation surface 3, and the photovoltaic sheet 1 is placed on the installation surface 3 so that it straddles the corners 30. In this state, the gap between the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3 is sealed using a sealant such as the adhesive, cover member, or joint material described above. The sealant does not need to seal the gap between the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3 near the spacers 46 (near the corners 30). In other words, the sealant seals the gap between the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the installation surface 3 in areas other than the corners 30 of the installation surface 3. If the photovoltaic sheet 1 needs to be separately fixed to the installation surface 3, this is done using an adhesive or the fixing device described above. According to the installation structure 25 shown in Figures 20 and 21, spacers 46 are placed between the corners 30 of the installation surface 3 and the photovoltaic sheet 1, thereby preventing damage to the photovoltaic sheet 1 caused by the corners 30.

[0188] The power generating units 7 of the photovoltaic sheet 1 may be located on the corners 30 of the installation surface 3, or the portions between adjacent power generating units 7 may be located. That is, the attachment parts 43 may be located in positions corresponding to the power generating units 7, or may be located between adjacent power generating units 7. However, the spacer members 42 can prevent the photovoltaic sheet 1 from bending too much, even if the power generating units are located in positions that overlap the corners 30 in a plan view.

[0189] In the installation structure 25 shown in Figures 20 and 21, one spacer 46 is connected to a pair of mounting portions 43. Alternatively, a spacer 46 may be connected to each of the pair of mounting portions 43, and the pair of spacers 46 may be disposed between the corners 30 of the installation surface 3 and the photovoltaic sheet 1 to prevent damage to the photovoltaic sheet 1 caused by the corners 30. This makes it easier to attach the spacer members 42 to the photovoltaic sheet 1 while achieving the same effect, reducing the cost of the spacer members 42. In this case, the thickness of the spacer 46 is preferably set taking into account the amount of deflection of the photovoltaic sheet 1. The pair of spacers 46 may keep the photovoltaic sheet 1 and the corners 30 of the installation surface 3 out of contact, or the photovoltaic sheet 1 may be partially in contact with the corners 30 of the installation surface 3.

[0190] Furthermore, in the installation structure 25 shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, one spacer 46 is connected to a pair of mounting portions 43, but one spacer 46 may be connected to one mounting portion 43.

[0191] The spacers 46 may also be made of an elastically deformable material, allowing them to be freely deformed. This allows the spacers 46 to deform appropriately according to the shape and size of the corners 30 of the installation surface 3. The flexural modulus of the spacers 46 is preferably greater than that of the photovoltaic sheet 1. When supporting the photovoltaic sheet 1, the spacers 46 receive external forces from the photovoltaic sheet 1. Therefore, if the flexural modulus is small, the spacers 46 may deform to a radius of curvature close to that of the corners 30. The flexural strength of the spacers 46 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1.05 to 5 times, more preferably 1.25 to 3 times, and more preferably 1.5 to 2 times the flexural strength of the photovoltaic sheet 1. The flexural strength of the spacers 46 is preferably 15 to 250 MPa, more preferably 25 to 230 MPa, and more preferably 50 to 210 MPa. By doing so, it is possible to reduce damage to the spacers 46 relative to the photovoltaic sheet 1 while also suppressing deformation of the spacers 46 .

[0192] Furthermore, in the installation structure of the present disclosure, the solar power generation sheet 1 may have a photoelectric conversion layer containing amorphous silicon instead of the photoelectric conversion layer 132 containing a perovskite compound, or may have a photoelectric conversion layer with a tandem stack structure containing a composite of amorphous silicon and a perovskite compound. Note that if a perovskite compound is included in the photoelectric conversion layer, the power generation efficiency of the perovskite compound has a relatively low dependency on the angle of incidence of light, thereby achieving higher power generation efficiency.

[0193] Furthermore, in the installation structure of the above embodiment, a photovoltaic sheet having a photoelectric conversion layer containing a perovskite compound was described as one form of the photovoltaic sheet 1, but in the installation structure of the present disclosure, the photovoltaic sheet 1 can achieve the same effect as long as it is flexible. Furthermore, the photovoltaic sheet of the present disclosure is not limited to a sheet that generates electricity using light, but may also be a sheet that converts light energy into other energy, such as a photothermal sheet (a solar-powered thermoelectric conversion device) that converts light energy into thermal energy.

[0194] Furthermore, the present disclosure encompasses the installation structures for solar power generation sheets described in the following sections A to F in order to solve the problem that when the entire solar power generation sheet is fixed to the installation surface with adhesive or the like, or when the entire outer periphery of the solar power generation sheet is fixed to the installation surface with adhesive or the like, if it is necessary to retrieve the solar power generation sheet, the power generation section may bend when the solar power generation sheet 1 is peeled off from the installation surface, causing stress to concentrate in the power generation section and resulting in damage to the power generation section.

[0195] Item A. A photovoltaic sheet installation structure comprising: a photovoltaic sheet having a power generation unit and being flexible; an installation surface on which the photovoltaic sheet is installed; and fixing members interposed between the photovoltaic sheet and the installation surface to fix the photovoltaic sheet to the installation surface, wherein the fixing members extend along one direction of the photovoltaic sheet and fix the photovoltaic sheet to the installation surface at multiple portions that avoid the photovoltaic units and are spaced apart in another direction perpendicular to the one direction. Item B. A photovoltaic sheet installation structure according to Item A, in which the power generation units are arranged at intervals in the other direction, and the fixing members are arranged at intervals in the other direction so as to sandwich each of the power generation units. Item C. A photovoltaic sheet installation structure according to Item B, in which the photovoltaic sheet is rectangular in a plan view, and the fixing members are arranged so as to extend along a pair of opposing sides of the photovoltaic sheet, and are also arranged so as to extend parallel to the pair of sides in the portion between adjacent power generation units. Item D. Item E. The installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet according to any one of Items A to C, wherein the fixing material is at least one selected from the group consisting of hook-and-loop fasteners, magnets, double-sided tape, and adhesives. Item F. The installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet according to any one of Items A to D, wherein the bending strength of the photovoltaic sheet is 50 MPa or more and 200 MPa or less. Item F. The installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet according to any one of Items A to E, wherein the power generation section contains a perovskite compound.

[0196] The above-described installation structure has the advantage that the flexible solar power generation sheet can be easily installed on an installation surface such as the surface of a roof, and the solar power generation sheet can be easily peeled off from the installation surface while minimizing damage to the power generation unit.

[0197] Furthermore, when the entire solar power generation sheet is fixed to the installation surface with an adhesive or the like, or when the entire outer periphery of the solar power generation sheet is fixed to the installation surface with an adhesive or the like, if water such as rainwater seeps in between the solar power generation sheet and the installation surface, the water will remain between the solar power generation sheet and the installation surface. However, because the base material of the solar power generation sheet is formed from a resin material, if water remains between the solar power generation sheet and the installation surface, steam generated by evaporation of the water may pass through the base material, or water may penetrate the base material, causing the water to come into contact with the power generation section and leading to deterioration of the solar power generation sheet. In order to solve this problem, the present disclosure also includes as its subject matter the installation structures for solar power generation sheets described in the following paragraphs G to M.

[0198] Item G. A photovoltaic sheet installation structure comprising: an installation surface that intersects with a horizontal plane at an angle; a flexible photovoltaic sheet; and a fixing material for fixing the photovoltaic sheet installed on the installation surface to the installation surface, wherein a portion of the outer periphery of the photovoltaic sheet is fixed to the installation surface by the fixing material, and the outer periphery includes at least one unfixed portion at its lower edge that is not fixed to the installation surface. Item H. A photovoltaic sheet installation structure according to Item G, wherein the outer periphery includes the unfixed portion at the bottom of the lower edge. Item I. A photovoltaic sheet installation structure according to Item G or Item H, wherein the outer periphery includes the unfixed portion at the corner position of the lower edge and the left and right side edges of the outer periphery. Item J. A photovoltaic sheet installation structure according to any one of Items G to I, wherein the outer periphery includes at least one unfixed portion at its upper edge. Item K. The photovoltaic sheet installation structure of any one of Items G to J, wherein the fastening material is at least one selected from the group consisting of hook-and-loop fasteners, magnets, double-sided tape, adhesives, bolts, screws, and staples. Item L. The photovoltaic sheet installation structure of any one of Items G to K, wherein the photovoltaic sheet has a plurality of power generation units containing a perovskite compound. Item M. The photovoltaic sheet installation structure of any one of Items G to L, wherein the photovoltaic sheet has a bending strength of 50 MPa or more and 200 MPa or less.

[0199] The above-described installation structure has the advantage that a flexible solar power generation sheet can be easily installed on an installation surface, and that deterioration of the installed solar power generation sheet due to water such as rainwater can be suppressed.

[0200] The present disclosure also includes as its subject matter the installation structures for solar power generation sheets described in the following items N to R, in order to solve the problem that when a solar power generation sheet is installed across a corner such as a roof ridge, the solar power generation sheet may come into contact with the top of the corner, causing damage to the solar power generation sheet.

[0201] Item N. An installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet comprising: an installation surface having at least one corner extending in a first direction; a flexible photovoltaic sheet installed on the installation surface so as to straddle the corner; a spacer arranged between the corner and the photovoltaic sheet; and an attachment section for attaching the spacer to the photovoltaic sheet. Item O. An installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet according to Item N, in which the spacer extends from one end of the photovoltaic sheet main body in the first direction to the other end. Item P. An installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet according to Item N or Item O, in which the spacer is attached to the photovoltaic sheet by the attachment section so as to be movable in a direction intersecting the first direction. Item Q. An installation structure for a photovoltaic sheet according to Item P, in which the attachment section has: an upper facing section facing a surface including the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic sheet main body; and a connecting section facing an end face of the photovoltaic sheet main body and connecting the upper facing section to the spacer. Item R. The solar panel installation structure according to any one of items N to Q, wherein the spacer is formed in a curved shape so as to cover the corner portion in a cross section perpendicular to the first direction.

[0202] The above-described installation structure has the advantage that when a photovoltaic sheet is installed across a corner of an installation surface having a corner, the photovoltaic sheet is less likely to be damaged by the corner.

[0203] The present disclosure also includes as its subject matter the spacer members described in Section S below.

[0204] Item S. A spacer member used when installing a flexible photovoltaic sheet having a power generation section that generates electricity from sunlight on an installation surface having a corner extending in one direction so as to straddle the corner, the spacer member comprising: a spacer arranged between the corner and the photovoltaic sheet; and an attachment section that attaches the spacer to the photovoltaic sheet.

[0205] 1 Photovoltaic power generation sheet 2, 20-25 Photovoltaic power generation sheet installation structure 3 Installation surface 4 Adhesive 15 Cover member 18 Covering portion of cover member

Claims

1. The mounting surface and, A solar power generation sheet is installed on the aforementioned installation surface, A sealing material that fills the gap between the outer edge of the solar power generation sheet and the installation surface, The solar power generation sheet comprises a cover member that covers the sealing material between the outer edge and the installation surface, The installation structure for a solar power generation sheet is characterized in that the sealing material is formed of an adhesive provided between at least the outer periphery of the solar power generation sheet and the installation surface to bond the outer periphery to the installation surface, and the cover member is a frame made of a material having ultraviolet blocking properties, the material having ultraviolet blocking properties is metal, resin, or composite reinforced material.

2. The installation structure for a solar power generation sheet according to claim 1, wherein the loss coefficient of the adhesive is 0.01 or more and 0.3 or less.

3. The installation structure for a solar power generation sheet according to claim 2, wherein the thickness of the adhesive is 3 mm or more.

4. The installation structure for a solar power generation sheet according to claim 1, wherein the shear modulus of the adhesive is 0.1 MPa or more and 100 MPa or less.

5. The installation structure for a solar power generation sheet according to claim 1, wherein the viscosity of the adhesive is 800 cP or more.

6. The installation structure for a solar power generation sheet according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive comprises at least one resin composition selected from vinyl acetate resin, ethylene vinyl acetate resin, epoxy resin, cyanoacrylate resin, acrylic resin, chloroprene rubber, styrene, butadiene rubber, polyurethane resin, silicone resin, and modified silicone resin.

7. The installation structure for a solar power generation sheet according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive is provided between the entire solar power generation sheet and the installation surface.

8. The installation structure for a solar power generation sheet according to claim 1, wherein the cover member includes a covering portion that covers a predetermined width from the outer edge on the front surface of the solar power generation sheet.

9. The solar power generation sheet installation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the solar power generation sheet is flexible.