Quantum computer, electronic device, and transmission path system

Abstract

Provided is a quantum computer capable of reducing heat that flows in from a transmission line when operating at a low temperature.　An optical fiber of low heat transmission is used. A first optical fiber, a second optical fiber, an E / O converter for converting an electrical signal into an optical signal, an O / E converter for converting an optical signal into an electrical signal, and a quantum operation module are included. An optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber is converted into an electric signal by the O / E converter. The quantum operation module receives the converted electric signal. The quantum operation module calculates the received electric signal. The quantum operating module transmits the calculated electrical signal. The transmitted electrical signal is converted into an optical signal by the E / O converter. The converted optical signal is transmitted through the second optical fiber. The first optical fiber, the second optical fiber, and the quantum operation module are arranged in a low-temperature temperature region.

Description

Quantum computers, electronic devices, and transmission line systems

[0001] The present invention relates to a quantum computer, an electronic device, and a transmission line system.

[0002] In recent years, research into quantum computers has been gaining attention and has become active. A quantum computer is a computer that performs calculations using quantum mechanical phenomena. In order to significantly improve the performance of quantum computers compared to conventional classical computers, various technological improvements are currently necessary.

[0003] For example, Patent Document 1 proposes technologies related to an optical modulator, an optical receiver, a conversion device, a spin-orbit Cartesian product state generating device, and a quantum computer. The technology proposed in Patent Document 1 can realize a quantum computer integrating a large number of quantum bits.

[0004] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2022-085179

[0005] However, the technique proposed in Patent Document 1 may not be able to reduce the heat that flows in from the transmission line when the electric circuit and / or the electronic circuit is operated at a low temperature.

[0006] The present invention has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and its main object is to provide an electronic device, a quantum computer (quantum computer) that can reduce the heat flowing in from a transmission line when an electric circuit and / or an electronic circuit is operated at a low temperature, as well as a transmission line system including the electronic device and a transmission line system including the quantum computer.

[0007] As a result of intensive research conducted by the inventors to achieve the above-mentioned object, they have succeeded in developing an electronic device that can reduce the heat flowing in from a transmission line when an electric circuit and / or an electronic circuit is operated at a low temperature, a quantum computer, and a transmission line system including the electronic device and a transmission line system including the quantum computer, thereby completing the present invention.

[0008] One of the features of the present invention is that a transmission path with high thermal conductivity is not used at least between the room temperature region and the low temperature region. In other words, one of the features of the present invention is that an optical fiber is used that does not use a metal with high thermal conductivity. Optical fiber is sometimes generally called a dielectric waveguide.

[0009] That is, as a first aspect, the present invention provides a quantum computer comprising at least a first optical fiber, a second optical fiber, an E / O converter that converts an electrical signal to an optical signal, an O / E converter that converts an optical signal to an electrical signal, and a quantum operation module, wherein the optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber is converted into the electrical signal by the O / E converter, the quantum operation module receives the converted electrical signal, the quantum operation module operates on the received electrical signal, the quantum operation module transmits the operated electrical signal, the transmitted electrical signal is converted into an optical signal by the E / O converter, and the converted optical signal is transmitted through the second optical fiber, the first optical fiber is arranged in a low temperature region, the second optical fiber is arranged in the low temperature region, and the quantum operation module is arranged in the low temperature region.

[0010] In the quantum computer of the first aspect of the present invention, the first optical fiber may be arranged in the low temperature region and the room temperature region, and the second optical fiber may be arranged in the low temperature region and the room temperature region.

[0011] In the quantum computer of the first aspect of the present invention, the optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber may be an analog signal, and the converted optical signal transmitted through the second optical fiber may be an analog signal.

[0012] In the quantum computer of the first aspect of the present invention, the optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber may be a digital signal, and the converted optical signal transmitted through the second optical fiber may be a digital signal.

[0013] In the quantum computer according to the first aspect of the present invention, the room temperature region may be a temperature region of 250 K or higher, and the low temperature region may be a temperature region of 150 K or lower.

[0014] In the quantum computer according to the first aspect of the present invention, the room temperature region may be a temperature region of 250 K or higher, and the low temperature region may be a temperature region of 10 K or lower.

[0015] In the quantum computer according to the first aspect of the present invention, the number of the first optical fibers may be 50 or more, and the number of the second optical fibers may be 50 or more.

[0016] In the quantum computer of the first aspect of the present invention, each of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber may have a core, a clad arranged around the outer periphery of the core, and a jacket arranged around the outer periphery of the clad.

[0017] In addition, as a second aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device comprising at least a first optical fiber, a second optical fiber, an E / O converter that converts an electrical signal to an optical signal, an O / E converter that converts the optical signal to an electrical signal, and an operation module, wherein the optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber is converted into the electrical signal by the O / E converter, the operation module receives the converted electrical signal, the operation module calculates the received electrical signal, the operation module transmits the calculated electrical signal, the transmitted electrical signal is converted into an optical signal by the E / O converter, and the converted optical signal is transmitted through the second optical fiber, the first optical fiber is arranged in a low temperature region, the second optical fiber is arranged in the low temperature region, and the operation module is arranged in the low temperature region.

[0018] In the electronic device of the second aspect of the present invention, the first optical fiber may be arranged in the low temperature region and the room temperature region, and the second optical fiber may be arranged in the low temperature region and the room temperature region.

[0019] In the electronic device of the second aspect of the present invention, the optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber may be an analog signal, and the converted optical signal transmitted through the second optical fiber may be an analog signal.

[0020] In the electronic device of the second aspect of the present invention, the optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber may be a digital signal, and the converted optical signal transmitted through the second optical fiber may be a digital signal.

[0021] In the electronic device according to the second aspect of the present invention, the room temperature range may be a temperature range of 250K or higher, and the low temperature range may be a temperature range of 150K or lower.

[0022] In the electronic device according to the second aspect of the present invention, the room temperature range may be a temperature range of 250K or higher, and the low temperature range may be a temperature range of 10K or lower.

[0023] In the electronic device according to the second aspect of the present invention, the number of the first optical fibers may be 50 or more, and the number of the second optical fibers may be 50 or more.

[0024] In the electronic device according to the second aspect of the present invention, each of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber may have a core, a clad arranged around the outer periphery of the core, and a jacket arranged around the outer periphery of the clad.

[0025] Furthermore, as a third aspect, the present invention provides a transmission line system including an electronic device that transmits and receives signals using an optical fiber within a temperature difference between 250K or more and 150K or less.

[0026] Furthermore, as a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a transmission line system including an electronic device that transmits and receives signals using an optical fiber within a temperature difference between 250K or more and 10K or less.

[0027] Furthermore, as a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a transmission line system including a quantum computer that transmits and receives signals using an optical fiber within a temperature difference between 250K or more and 10K or less.

[0028] In the transmission line system according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the signal may be an analog signal of 1 GHz or higher.

[0029] In the transmission line system according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the signal may be a digital signal of 1 GHz or higher.

[0030] A transmission line system according to a fifth aspect of the present invention may include an E / O converter arranged at one end of the optical fiber to convert an electrical signal into an optical signal, and an O / E converter arranged at the other end opposite to the one end of the optical fiber to convert an optical signal into an electrical signal.

[0031] In the transmission line system of the fifth aspect of the present invention, 50 or more optical fibers may be used for reception by the quantum computer, and 50 or more optical fibers may be used for transmission by the quantum computer.

[0032] In a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device comprising at least a first dielectric waveguide, a second dielectric waveguide, a low-frequency / high-frequency converter that converts low-frequency electromagnetic waves into high-frequency electromagnetic waves, a high-frequency / low-frequency converter that converts high-frequency electromagnetic waves into low-frequency electromagnetic waves, and a quantum operation module, wherein the high-frequency electromagnetic waves transmitted through the first dielectric waveguide are converted into the low-frequency electromagnetic waves by the high-frequency / low-frequency converter, the quantum operation module receives the converted low-frequency electromagnetic waves, the quantum operation module performs an operation on the received low-frequency electromagnetic waves, the quantum operation module transmits the operated low-frequency electromagnetic waves, the transmitted low-frequency electromagnetic waves are converted into high-frequency electromagnetic waves by the low-frequency / high-frequency converter, and the converted high-frequency electromagnetic waves are transmitted through the second dielectric waveguide, and the first dielectric waveguide is disposed in a low-temperature region, The second dielectric waveguide is disposed in the low temperature region, and the quantum operation module is disposed in the low temperature region.

[0033] In the quantum computer of the sixth aspect of the present invention, the first dielectric waveguide may be arranged in the low temperature region and the room temperature region, and the second dielectric waveguide may be arranged in the low temperature region and the room temperature region.

[0034] In the quantum computer of the sixth aspect of the present invention, the high-frequency electromagnetic wave transmitted through the first dielectric waveguide may be an analog signal, and the converted high-frequency electromagnetic wave transmitted through the second dielectric waveguide may be an analog signal.

[0035] In the quantum computer of the sixth aspect of the present invention, the high-frequency electromagnetic wave transmitted through the first dielectric waveguide may be a digital signal, and the converted high-frequency electromagnetic wave transmitted through the second dielectric waveguide may be a digital signal.

[0036] In the quantum computer of the sixth aspect of the present invention, the room temperature region may be a temperature region of 250 K or higher, and the low temperature region may be a temperature region of 150 K or lower.

[0037] In the quantum computer of the sixth aspect of the present invention, the room temperature region may be a temperature region of 250 K or higher, and the low temperature region may be a temperature region of 10 K or lower.

[0038] In the quantum computer of the sixth aspect of the present invention, the number of the first dielectric waveguides may be 50 or more, and the number of the second dielectric waveguides may be 50 or more.

[0039] In the quantum computer of the sixth aspect of the present invention, the first dielectric waveguide may be a first optical fiber, and the second dielectric waveguide may be a second optical fiber.

[0040] In the quantum computer of the sixth aspect of the present invention, the high-frequency electromagnetic wave transmitted through the first optical fiber may be 50 GHz or more and 300 GHz or less, and the high-frequency electromagnetic wave transmitted through the second optical fiber may be 50 GHz or more and 300 GHz or less.

[0041] In the quantum computer of the sixth aspect of the present invention, each of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber may have a core, a clad arranged on the outer periphery of the core, and a jacket arranged on the outer periphery of the clad.

[0042] In addition, as a seventh aspect, the present invention provides a quantum computer comprising at least an optical fiber, a coaxial cable, an O / E converter that converts an optical signal into an electrical signal, and a quantum operation module, wherein the optical signal transmitted through the optical fiber is converted into the electrical signal by the O / E converter, the quantum operation module receives the converted electrical signal, the quantum operation module operates on the received electrical signal, the quantum operation module transmits the operated electrical signal, and the transmitted electrical signal is transmitted through the coaxial cable, the optical fiber is arranged in a low temperature region, the coaxial cable is arranged in the low temperature region, and the quantum operation module is arranged in the low temperature region.

[0043] In the quantum computer of the seventh aspect of the present invention, the optical fiber may be arranged in the low temperature region and the room temperature region, and the coaxial cable may be arranged in the low temperature region and the room temperature region.

[0044] In the quantum computer of the seventh aspect of the present invention, the optical signal transmitted via the optical fiber may be an analog signal, and the electrical signal transmitted via the coaxial cable may be an analog signal.

[0045] In the quantum computer of the seventh aspect of the present invention, the optical signal transmitted via the optical fiber may be a digital signal, and the electrical signal transmitted via the coaxial cable may be a digital signal.

[0046] In the quantum computer of the seventh aspect of the present invention, the room temperature region may be a temperature region of 250 K or higher, and the low temperature region may be a temperature region of 150 K or lower.

[0047] In the quantum computer of the seventh aspect of the present invention, the room temperature region may be a temperature region of 250 K or higher, and the low temperature region may be a temperature region of 10 K or lower.

[0048] In the quantum computer of the seventh aspect of the present invention, the number of optical fibers may be 50 or more, and the number of coaxial cables may be 50 or more.

[0049] In the quantum computer of the seventh aspect of the present invention, the optical fiber may have a core, clads arranged on the outer periphery of the core, and a jacket arranged on the outer periphery of the clads.

[0050] Finally, as an eighth aspect, the present invention provides a quantum computer comprising at least an optical fiber, a coaxial cable, an E / O converter that converts an electrical signal into an optical signal, and a quantum operation module, wherein the electrical signal is transmitted via the coaxial cable, the quantum operation module receives the electrical signal, the quantum operation module operates on the received electrical signal, the quantum operation module transmits the operated electrical signal, the transmitted electrical signal is converted into an optical signal by the E / O converter, and the converted optical signal is transmitted via the optical fiber, the optical fiber is arranged in a low temperature region, the coaxial cable is arranged in the low temperature region, and the quantum operation module is arranged in the low temperature region.

[0051] In the quantum computer of the eighth aspect of the present invention, the coaxial cable may be arranged in the low temperature region and the room temperature region, and the optical fiber may be arranged in the low temperature region and the room temperature region.

[0052] In the quantum computer of the eighth aspect of the present invention, the electrical signal transmitted via the coaxial cable may be an analog signal, and the converted optical signal transmitted via the optical fiber may be an analog signal.

[0053] In the quantum computer of the eighth aspect of the present invention, the electrical signal transmitted via the coaxial cable may be a digital signal, and the converted optical signal transmitted via the optical fiber may be a digital signal.

[0054] In the quantum computer of the eighth aspect of the present invention, the room temperature region may be a temperature region of 250 K or higher, and the low temperature region may be a temperature region of 150 K or lower.

[0055] In the quantum computer of the eighth aspect of the present invention, the room temperature region may be a temperature region of 250 K or higher, and the low temperature region may be a temperature region of 10 K or lower.

[0056] In the quantum computer of the eighth aspect of the present invention, the number of the coaxial cables may be 50 or more, and the number of the optical fibers may be 50 or more.

[0057] In the quantum computer according to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the optical fiber may have a core, clads arranged on the outer periphery of the core, and a jacket arranged on the outer periphery of the clads.

[0058] According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the heat flowing in from the transmission line when operating an electric circuit and / or an electronic circuit at a low temperature. Note that the effects described here are not necessarily limited to those described herein, and may be any of the effects described in this specification.

[0059] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a first configuration example of a transmission line system according to a first embodiment to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a second configuration example of a transmission line system according to a second embodiment to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of an electronic device according to a third embodiment to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a quantum computer according to a fourth embodiment to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a quantum computer according to a fifth embodiment to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a quantum computer according to a sixth embodiment to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of an optical fiber provided in a quantum computer, electronic device, or transmission line system according to the present invention.

[0060] A preferred embodiment for carrying out the present invention will be described below. The embodiment described below shows an example of a typical embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being narrow.

[0061] Unless otherwise specified, in the drawings, "upper" means the upper direction or upper side in the drawing, "lower" means the lower direction or lower side in the drawing, "left" means the left direction or left side in the drawing, and "right" means the right direction or right side in the drawing. Furthermore, in the drawings, the same or equivalent elements or members are given the same reference numerals, and redundant explanations may be omitted.

[0062] The description will be given in the following order: 1. Overview of the present invention 2. First embodiment (Example 1 of a transmission line system) 3. Second embodiment (Example 2 of a transmission line system) 4. Third embodiment (Example 1 of an electronic device) 5. Fourth embodiment (Example 1 of a quantum computer) 6. Fifth embodiment (Example 2 of a quantum computer) 7. Sixth embodiment (Example 3 of a quantum computer)

[0063] <1. Overview of the Present Invention> First, an overview of the present invention will be described.

[0064] Conventionally, when a large number of microwave signals are sent from room temperature to quantum computer elements operating at ultra-low temperatures using a coaxial cable (microwave transmission line), and the results are then returned to room temperature, a large amount of thermal energy is sent from room temperature to the ultra-low temperature, making it impossible to maintain the ultra-low temperature.

[0065] The present invention uses a coaxial cable (microwave transmission line) and an optical fiber (optical transmission line) designed to transmit microwaves. The optical fiber in the transmission line system is made of glass, which has lower thermal conductivity than metal microwave transmission lines and is thinner than microwave transmission lines, resulting in doubly low thermal conduction.

[0066] The explanation will be given with reference to FIG.

[0067] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of an optical fiber provided in the quantum computer, electronic device, and transmission line system according to the present invention.

[0068] 7, the optical fiber 700 has a core 71, clads 72 arranged around the core 71, and a jacket (reinforcing material) 73 arranged around the clads 72. The optical fiber 700 may be composed of only the core 71 and the clads 72 arranged around the core 71, without having the jacket (reinforcing material) 73.

[0069] The core 71 may include, for example, a first quartz, and the clad 72 may include, for example, a second quartz. The dielectric constant of the first quartz may be, for example, 3.0, and the dielectric constant of the second quartz may be, for example, 2.9. The dielectric constant of the second quartz is preferably smaller than the dielectric constant of the first quartz.

[0070] The jacket (reinforcement material) 73 may contain, for example, PVC (polyvinyl chloride), but may preferably contain a fluororesin for low temperature use, such as ETFE (ethylene tetrafluoroethylene).

[0071] The optical fiber 700 is an example of a dielectric waveguide. Therefore, the optical fiber 700 may be replaced with a dielectric waveguide. Alternatively, a dielectric waveguide made of a fluororesin (e.g., PTFE) may be used instead of the optical fiber 700.

[0072] The current bit count of quantum computers is around 100, far from the practical 1000-bit or higher. However, in this invention, by using optical fiber, the heat inflow is reduced to 1 / 50 or less, and the cross-sectional area is reduced to 1 / 5 or less. In other words, the number of signal lines can be increased by at least 250 times, which will greatly contribute to the practical application of quantum computers in the future.

[0073] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described specifically and in detail.

[0074] 2. First Embodiment (Example 1 of Transmission Line System) A transmission line system according to a first embodiment (example 1 of transmission line system) of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

[0075] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a first example of a configuration of a transmission line system according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and specifically, a diagram showing the configuration of a transmission line system 1. As shown in FIG.

[0076] The transmission line system 1 includes at least a first optical fiber 103 arranged in a room temperature temperature region G, a first optical fiber 104 arranged in a low temperature region H, a second optical fiber 111 arranged in the room temperature temperature region G, a second optical fiber 110 arranged in the low temperature region H, a first coaxial cable 106, a second coaxial cable 108, an E / O converter 109 that converts an electrical signal to an optical signal, an O / E converter 105 that converts an optical signal to an electrical signal, and an electronic device 107. In Fig. 1, reference symbol W indicates the boundary between the room temperature temperature region G and the low temperature region H.

[0077] An optical signal transmitted (sent) through the first optical fiber 103 arranged in the room temperature region G and the first optical fiber 104 arranged in the low temperature region H, in this order, is converted into an electrical signal by the O / E converter 105, and the electronic device 107 receives the converted electrical signal through the first coaxial cable 106. The first optical fibers 103 and 104 may be in the form of an optical fiber assembly, for example, like first optical fiber assemblies 203 and 204 described below.

[0078] The electronic device 107 calculates the received electrical signal, and transmits the calculated electrical signal via the second coaxial cable 108. The transmitted electrical signal is converted into an optical signal by the E / O converter 109, and the converted optical signal is transmitted in this order via the second optical fiber 110 arranged in the low temperature region H and the second optical fiber 111 arranged in the room temperature region G. The first optical fibers 110 and 111 may be in the form of an optical fiber assembly, for example, like second optical fiber assemblies 210 and 211 described below.

[0079] The E / O converter 102, the O / E converter 112, the coaxial cable assembly 101, and the coaxial cable assembly 113 are arranged in the room temperature temperature region G. The optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber 103 arranged in the room temperature temperature region G and the first optical fiber 104 arranged in the low temperature region H, in this order, is an optical signal obtained by converting the electrical signal transmitted through the coaxial cable assembly 101 by the E / O converter 102. The optical signal transmitted through the second optical fiber 110 arranged in the low temperature region H and the second optical fiber 111 arranged in the room temperature temperature region G, in this order, is converted into an electrical signal by the O / E converter 112, and the converted electrical signal is transmitted through the coaxial cable assembly 113.

[0080] Microwaves (electrical and optical signals) are input from the room temperature temperature region G to an electronic device 107 that operates at low temperatures, and the signal is processed by the electronic device 107. When the results are transmitted back to the room temperature temperature region G, a coaxial cable capable of transmitting microwave electrical signals was used as the transmission path. Coaxial cables use copper, for example, for both the central conductor and the outer conductor. This resulted in a large heat flow from the room temperature temperature region G to the low temperature region H, which required the refrigerator capacity to be increased. Therefore, the coaxial cable was changed to optical fiber. Optical fiber is made of glass, and because its diameter is small, the heat flow could be reduced to less than 1 / 50 of that of a coaxial cable.

[0081] The above description of the first embodiment (Example 1 of transmission line system) of the present invention can be applied to the second to sixth embodiments of the present invention described later, unless there is any particular technical contradiction.

[0082] 3. Second Embodiment (Second Example of Transmission Line System) A transmission line system according to a second embodiment (second example of transmission line system) of the present invention will be described.

[0083] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a second example of the configuration of a transmission line system according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and specifically, a diagram showing the configuration of the transmission line system 2. In FIG.

[0084] The transmission line system 2 includes at least a first optical fiber assembly 203 arranged in a room temperature temperature region J, a first optical fiber assembly 204 arranged in a low temperature region K, a second optical fiber assembly 211 arranged in the room temperature temperature region J, a second optical fiber assembly 210 arranged in the low temperature region K, a first coaxial cable 206, a second coaxial cable 208, an E / O converter 209 that converts an electrical signal to an optical signal, an O / E converter 205 that converts an optical signal to an electrical signal, and a quantum computer 207. In Fig. 2, reference symbol W indicates the boundary between the room temperature temperature region J and the low temperature region K.

[0085] An optical signal transmitted through a first optical fiber assembly 203 arranged in the room temperature region J and a first optical fiber assembly 204 arranged in the low temperature region K, in this order, is converted into an electrical signal by an O / E converter 205, and a quantum computer 207 receives the converted electrical signal through a first coaxial cable 206. The first optical fiber assemblies 203 and 204 may be in the form of a single optical fiber, for example, like the first optical fibers 103 and 104 described above.

[0086] The quantum computer 207 calculates the received electrical signal, and the quantum computer 207 transmits the calculated electrical signal via the second coaxial cable 208. The transmitted electrical signal is converted into an optical signal by the E / O converter 209, and the converted optical signal is transmitted in this order via a second optical fiber assembly 210 arranged in the low temperature region K and a second optical fiber assembly 211 arranged in the room temperature region J. The second optical fiber assemblies 210 and 211 may be in the form of a single optical fiber, for example, like the first optical fibers 110 and 111 described above.

[0087] The E / O converter 202, the O / E converter 212, the coaxial cable assembly 201, and the coaxial cable assembly 213 are arranged in a room temperature temperature region J. An optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber assembly 203 arranged in the room temperature temperature region J and the first optical fiber assembly 204 arranged in the low temperature temperature region K, in this order, is an optical signal obtained by converting an electrical signal transmitted through the coaxial cable assembly 201 by the E / O converter 202. An optical signal transmitted through the second optical fiber assembly 210 arranged in the low temperature temperature region K and the second optical fiber assembly 211 arranged in the room temperature temperature region J, in this order, is converted into an electrical signal by the O / E converter 212, and the converted electrical signal is transmitted through the coaxial cable assembly 213.

[0088] A 7 GHz analog signal was sent from room temperature temperature region J to quantum computer 207, which was placed at an ultra-low temperature of 10 mK (low temperature region K), via 50 coaxial cables. Thin coaxial cables with a diameter of 0.86 mm were used, and a low-thermal-conductivity cable made of CuNi (cupronickel) was used from room temperature to 4 K. A superconducting cable made of NbTi (niobium titanium) was used below 4 K. However, because 50 coaxial cables were used for input and 50 for output, one of the largest existing dilution refrigerators had to be used.

[0089] Therefore, when the coaxial cables were replaced with optical fiber assemblies 203, 204, 210 and 211 capable of transmitting analog signals, the heat inflow could be reduced to 1 / 50 of that in the case of the coaxial cables.

[0090] This means that it will be possible to cope with the need to transmit 1,000-bit signals in the future, which will require 1,000 signal lines.

[0091] The above description of the second embodiment (Example 2 of transmission line system) of the present invention can be applied to the first embodiment of the present invention described above and the third to sixth embodiments of the present invention described below, unless there is any particular technical contradiction.

[0092] 4. Third Embodiment (First Example of Electronic Device) An electronic device according to a third embodiment (first example of electronic device) of the present invention will be described.

[0093] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of an electronic device according to a third embodiment of the present invention, specifically, a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an electronic device 3. In FIG.

[0094] The electronic device 3 includes at least a first optical fiber 303 arranged in the room temperature temperature region G, a first optical fiber 304 arranged in the low temperature region H, a second optical fiber 311 arranged in the room temperature temperature region G, a second optical fiber 310 arranged in the low temperature region H, a first coaxial cable 306, a second coaxial cable 308, an E / O converter 309 that converts an electrical signal to an optical signal, an O / E converter 305 that converts an optical signal to an electrical signal, and a computing module 307. In Fig. 3, reference symbol W indicates the boundary between the room temperature temperature region G and the low temperature region H.

[0095] An optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber 303 arranged in the room temperature region G and the first optical fiber 304 arranged in the low temperature region H, in this order, is converted into an electrical signal by the O / E converter 305, and the calculation module 307 receives the converted electrical signal through the first coaxial cable 306. The first optical fibers 303 and 304 may be in the form of an optical fiber assembly, for example, like first optical fiber assemblies 403 and 404 described below.

[0096] The calculation module 307 calculates the received electrical signal, and transmits the calculated electrical signal via the second coaxial cable 308. The transmitted electrical signal is converted into an optical signal by the E / O converter 309, and the converted optical signal is transmitted in this order via the second optical fiber 310 arranged in the low temperature region H and the second optical fiber 311 arranged in the room temperature region G. The first optical fibers 310 and 311 may be in the form of an optical fiber assembly, for example, like second optical fiber assemblies 410 and 411 described below.

[0097] The E / O converter 302, the O / E converter 312, the coaxial cable assembly 301, and the coaxial cable assembly 313 are arranged in the room temperature temperature region G. The optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber 303 arranged in the room temperature temperature region G and the first optical fiber 304 arranged in the low temperature temperature region H, in this order, is an optical signal obtained by converting, by the E / O converter 302, an electrical signal transmitted through the coaxial cable assembly 301. The optical signal transmitted through the second optical fiber 310 arranged in the low temperature region H and the second optical fiber 311 arranged in the room temperature temperature region G, in this order, is converted into an electrical signal by the O / E converter 312, and the converted electrical signal is transmitted through the coaxial cable assembly 313.

[0098] The contents described above regarding the third embodiment (example 1 of electronic device) of the present invention can be applied to the first and second embodiments of the present invention described above and the fourth to sixth embodiments of the present invention described below, unless there is any particular technical contradiction.

[0099] 5. Fourth Embodiment (Quantum Computer Example 1) A quantum computer according to a fourth embodiment (quantum computer example 1) of the present invention will be described.

[0100] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of a quantum computer according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, specifically, a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a quantum computer 4.

[0101] The quantum computer 4 includes at least a first optical fiber assembly 403 arranged in a room temperature temperature region J, a first optical fiber assembly 404 arranged in a low temperature temperature region K, a second optical fiber assembly 411 arranged in the room temperature temperature region J, a second optical fiber assembly 410 arranged in the low temperature temperature region K, a first coaxial cable 406, a second coaxial cable 408, an E / O converter 409 that converts an electrical signal to an optical signal, an O / E converter 405 that converts an optical signal to an electrical signal, and a quantum operation module 407. In Figure 4, reference symbol W indicates the boundary between the room temperature temperature region J and the low temperature temperature region K.

[0102] An optical signal transmitted through a first optical fiber assembly 403 arranged in the room temperature temperature region J and a first optical fiber assembly 404 arranged in the low temperature temperature region K, in this order, is converted into an electrical signal by an O / E converter 405, and a quantum operation module 407 receives the converted electrical signal through a first coaxial cable 406. The first optical fiber assemblies 403 and 404 may be in the form of a single optical fiber, for example, like the first optical fibers 303 and 304 described above.

[0103] The quantum operation module 407 operates on the received electrical signal, and the quantum operation module 407 transmits the operated electrical signal via the second coaxial cable 408. The transmitted electrical signal is converted into an optical signal by the E / O converter 409, and the converted optical signal is transmitted in this order via a second optical fiber assembly 410 arranged in the low temperature region K and a second optical fiber assembly 411 arranged in the room temperature region J. The second optical fiber assemblies 410 and 411 may be in the form of a single optical fiber, for example, like the first optical fibers 310 and 311 described above.

[0104] The E / O converter 402, the O / E converter 412, the coaxial cable assembly 401, and the coaxial cable assembly 413 are arranged in the room temperature temperature region J. An optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber assembly 403 arranged in the room temperature temperature region J and the first optical fiber assembly 404 arranged in the low temperature temperature region K, in this order, is an optical signal obtained by converting an electrical signal transmitted through the coaxial cable assembly 401 by the E / O converter 402. An optical signal transmitted through the second optical fiber assembly 410 arranged in the low temperature temperature region K and the second optical fiber assembly 411 arranged in the room temperature temperature region J, in this order, is converted into an electrical signal by the O / E converter 412, and the converted electrical signal is transmitted through the coaxial cable assembly 413.

[0105] The above description of the fourth embodiment (quantum computer example 1) according to the present invention can be applied to the first to third embodiments according to the present invention described above and the fifth and sixth embodiments according to the present invention described below, unless there is any particular technical contradiction.

[0106] 6. Fifth Embodiment (Quantum Computer Example 2) A quantum computer according to a fifth embodiment (quantum computer example 2) of the present invention will be described.

[0107] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of a quantum computer according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, specifically, a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a quantum computer 5.

[0108] The quantum computer 5 comprises at least a first optical fiber assembly 503, a second optical fiber assembly 510, a first coaxial cable 506, a second coaxial cable 508, an E / O converter 509 that converts an electrical signal to an optical signal, an O / E converter 505 that converts an optical signal to an electrical signal, and a quantum operation module 507, all of which are arranged in a low temperature region K.

[0109] An optical signal transmitted through a first optical fiber assembly 503 arranged in a low temperature region K is converted into an electrical signal by an O / E converter 505, and a quantum operation module 507 receives the converted electrical signal through a first coaxial cable 506. The first optical fiber assembly 503 and 504 may be in the form of a single optical fiber, for example, like the first optical fibers 303 and 304 described above.

[0110] The quantum operation module 507 operates on the received electrical signal, and the quantum operation module 507 transmits the operated electrical signal via the second coaxial cable 508. The transmitted electrical signal is converted into an optical signal by the E / O converter 509, and the converted optical signal is transmitted via the second optical fiber assembly 510. The second optical fiber assembly 510 and 511 may be in the form of a single optical fiber, for example, like the first optical fibers 310 and 311 described above.

[0111] The E / O converter 502, the O / E converter 512, the coaxial cable assembly 501, and the coaxial cable assembly 513 are arranged in a low temperature region K. An optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber assembly 503 and the first optical fiber assembly 504, which are arranged in this order in the low temperature region K, is an optical signal obtained by converting an electrical signal transmitted through the coaxial cable assembly 501 by the E / O converter 502. An optical signal transmitted through the second optical fiber assembly 510 and the second optical fiber assembly 511, which are also arranged in the low temperature region K, in this order, is converted into an electrical signal by the O / E converter 512, and the converted electrical signal is transmitted through the coaxial cable assembly 513.

[0112] The above description of the fifth embodiment (quantum computer example 2) according to the present invention can be applied to the first to fourth embodiments according to the present invention described above and the sixth embodiment according to the present invention described below, unless there is any particular technical contradiction.

[0113] 7. Sixth Embodiment (Quantum Computer Example 3) A quantum computer according to a sixth embodiment (quantum computer example 3) of the present invention will be described.

[0114] This section explains how optical fibers are generally referred to as dielectric waveguides. Up until now, optical fibers have transmitted light, and this light has been modulated at frequencies above 1 GHz. However, from now on, dielectric waveguides will transmit electromagnetic waves between 50 GHz and 300 GHz, and these electromagnetic waves will be modulated at frequencies above 1 GHz.

[0115] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of a quantum computer according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, specifically, a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a quantum computer 6.

[0116] The quantum computer 6 includes at least an assembly 603 of first dielectric waveguides arranged in a room temperature temperature region J, an assembly 604 of first dielectric waveguides arranged in a low temperature temperature region K, an assembly 611 of second dielectric waveguides arranged in the room temperature temperature region J, an assembly 610 of second dielectric waveguides arranged in the low temperature temperature region K, a first coaxial cable 606, a second coaxial cable 608, an LF / HF converter 609 (low frequency / high frequency converter) that converts low frequency electromagnetic waves to high frequency electromagnetic waves, an HF / LF converter 605 (high frequency / low frequency converter) that converts high frequency electromagnetic waves to low frequency electromagnetic waves, and a quantum operation module 607. In Fig. 6, reference symbol W indicates the boundary between the room temperature temperature region J and the low temperature temperature region K.

[0117] A high-frequency electromagnetic wave transmitted through a first dielectric waveguide assembly 603 disposed in the room temperature temperature region J and a first dielectric waveguide assembly 604 disposed in the low temperature temperature region K, in this order, is converted into a low-frequency electromagnetic wave by an HF / LF converter 605, and a quantum operation module 607 receives the converted low-frequency electromagnetic wave through a first coaxial cable 606. The first dielectric waveguide assemblies 603 and 604 may be in the form of a single optical fiber, like the above-mentioned first optical fibers 303 and 304, or may be in the form of an optical fiber assembly, like the above-mentioned first optical fiber assemblies 403 and 404.

[0118] The quantum operation module 607 operates on the received low-frequency electromagnetic wave (low-frequency electromagnetic wave signal), and transmits the operated low-frequency electromagnetic wave via the second coaxial cable 608. The transmitted low-frequency electromagnetic wave is converted into a high-frequency electromagnetic wave by the LF / HF converter 609, and the converted high-frequency electromagnetic wave is transmitted in this order via a second dielectric waveguide assembly 610 arranged in the low-temperature temperature region K and a second dielectric waveguide assembly 611 arranged in the room-temperature temperature region J. The second dielectric waveguide assemblies 610 and 611 may be in the form of a single optical fiber, like the first optical fibers 310 and 311 described above, or may be in the form of an optical fiber assembly, like the first optical fiber assemblies 410 and 411 described above.

[0119] The LF / HF converter 602 (low frequency / high frequency converter), the HF / LF converter 612 (high frequency / low frequency converter), the coaxial cable assembly 601, and the coaxial cable assembly 613 are arranged in a room temperature temperature region J. The high frequency electromagnetic waves transmitted through the first dielectric waveguide assembly 603 arranged in the room temperature temperature region J and the first dielectric waveguide assembly 604 arranged in the low temperature temperature region K, in this order, are high frequency electromagnetic waves obtained by converting the low frequency electromagnetic waves transmitted through the coaxial cable assembly 601 by the LF / HF converter 602. Furthermore, the high-frequency electromagnetic waves transmitted through an assembly 610 of second dielectric waveguides arranged in the low-temperature region K and an assembly 611 of second dielectric waveguides arranged in the room-temperature region J, in this order, are converted into low-frequency electromagnetic waves by an HF / LF converter 612, and the converted low-frequency electromagnetic waves are transmitted through an assembly 613 of coaxial cables.

[0120] Each of the first dielectric waveguide assembly 603 and the first dielectric waveguide assembly 604 may be an assembly of first optical fibers, which is an example of a dielectric waveguide, and similarly, each of the second dielectric waveguide assembly 610 and the second dielectric waveguide assembly 611 may be an assembly of second optical fibers, which is an example of a dielectric waveguide. In this case, it is preferable that the diameters of the optical fibers constituting the first optical fiber assembly and the optical fibers constituting the second optical fiber assembly are large (thick), for example, 1 mm.

[0121] Furthermore, each of the dielectric waveguides constituting the first dielectric waveguide assembly 603, the dielectric waveguides constituting the first dielectric waveguide assembly 604, the dielectric waveguides constituting the second dielectric waveguide assembly 610, and the dielectric waveguides constituting the second dielectric waveguide assembly 611 may contain a fluororesin (e.g., PTFE).

[0122] The above description of the sixth embodiment (quantum computer example 3) according to the present invention can be applied to the first to fifth embodiments according to the present invention, unless there is any particular technical contradiction.

[0123] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0124] The present invention can have the following configurations.

[0125] [1] A quantum computer comprising at least a first optical fiber, a second optical fiber, an E / O converter that converts an electrical signal into an optical signal, an O / E converter that converts an optical signal into an electrical signal, and a quantum operation module, wherein the optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber is converted into the electrical signal by the O / E converter, the quantum operation module receives the converted electrical signal, the quantum operation module operates on the received electrical signal, the quantum operation module transmits the operated electrical signal, the transmitted electrical signal is converted into an optical signal by the E / O converter, and the converted optical signal is transmitted through the second optical fiber, the first optical fiber is arranged in a low temperature region, the second optical fiber is arranged in the low temperature region, and the quantum operation module is arranged in the low temperature region. [2] The quantum computer according to [1], wherein the first optical fiber is arranged in the low temperature region and a room temperature region, and the second optical fiber is arranged in the low temperature region and the room temperature region. [3] The quantum computer according to [1] or [2], wherein the optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber is an analog signal, and the converted optical signal transmitted through the second optical fiber is an analog signal. [4] The quantum computer according to [1] or [2], wherein the optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber is a digital signal, and the converted optical signal transmitted through the second optical fiber is a digital signal. [5] The quantum computer according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the room temperature region is a temperature region of 250 K or higher, and the low temperature region is a temperature region of 150 K or lower. [6] The quantum computer according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the room temperature region is a temperature region of 250 K or higher, and the low temperature region is a temperature region of 10 K or lower. [7] The quantum computer according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the number of the first optical fibers is 50 or more, and the number of the second optical fibers is 50 or more.[8] The quantum computer according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein each of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber has a core, a clad arranged on the outer periphery of the core, and a jacket arranged on the outer periphery of the clad.

[0126] [9] An electronic device comprising at least a first optical fiber, a second optical fiber, an E / O converter that converts an electrical signal to an optical signal, an O / E converter that converts the optical signal to an electrical signal, and a computing module, wherein the optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber is converted to the electrical signal by the O / E converter, the computing module receives the converted electrical signal, the computing module performs an operation on the received electrical signal, the computing module transmits the operated electrical signal, the transmitted electrical signal is converted to an optical signal by the E / O converter, and the converted optical signal is transmitted through the second optical fiber, the first optical fiber is disposed in a low temperature region, the second optical fiber is disposed in the low temperature region, and the computing module is disposed in the low temperature region.

[10] The electronic device according to [9], wherein the first optical fiber is disposed in the low temperature region and a room temperature region, and the second optical fiber is disposed in the low temperature region and the room temperature region.

[11] The electronic device according to [9] or

[10] , wherein the optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber is an analog signal, and the converted optical signal transmitted through the second optical fiber is an analog signal.

[12] The electronic device according to [9] or

[10] , wherein the optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber is a digital signal, and the converted optical signal transmitted through the second optical fiber is a digital signal.

[13] The electronic device according to any one of [9] to

[12] , wherein the room temperature temperature range is a temperature range of 250 K or higher, and the low temperature temperature range is a temperature range of 150 K or lower.

[14] The electronic device according to any one of [9] to

[12] , wherein the room temperature temperature range is a temperature range of 250 K or higher, and the low temperature temperature range is a temperature range of 10 K or lower.

[15] The electronic device according to any one of [9] to

[14] , wherein the number of the first optical fibers is 50 or more, and the number of the second optical fibers is 50 or more.

[16] The electronic device according to any one of [9] to

[15] , wherein each of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber has a core, a clad arranged on the outer periphery of the core, and a jacket arranged on the outer periphery of the clad.

[0127]

[17] A transmission line system comprising an electronic device that transmits and receives signals using an optical fiber between a temperature difference of 250K or more and 150K or less.

[0128]

[18] A transmission line system comprising an electronic device that transmits and receives signals using an optical fiber between a temperature difference of 250K or more and 10K or less.

[0129]

[19] A transmission line system comprising a quantum computer that transmits and receives signals using optical fibers between temperature differences of 250 K or more and 10 K or less.

[20] The transmission line system according to

[19] , wherein the signal is an analog signal of 1 GHz or more.

[21] The transmission line system according to

[19] , wherein the signal is a digital signal of 1 GHz or more.

[22] The transmission line system according to any one of

[19] to

[21] , comprising: an E / O converter arranged at one end of the optical fiber for converting an electrical signal to an optical signal; and an O / E converter arranged at the other end opposite to the one end of the optical fiber for converting an optical signal to an electrical signal.

[23] The transmission line system according to any one of

[19] to

[22] , wherein 50 or more optical fibers are used for reception by the quantum computer, and 50 or more optical fibers are used for transmission by the quantum computer.

[0130]

[24] A device comprising at least a first dielectric waveguide, a second dielectric waveguide, a low-frequency / high-frequency converter that converts low-frequency electromagnetic waves into high-frequency electromagnetic waves, a high-frequency / low-frequency converter that converts high-frequency electromagnetic waves into low-frequency electromagnetic waves, and a quantum operation module, wherein the high-frequency electromagnetic waves transmitted through the first dielectric waveguide are converted into the low-frequency electromagnetic waves by the high-frequency / low-frequency converter, the quantum operation module receives the converted low-frequency electromagnetic waves, the quantum operation module performs an operation on the received low-frequency electromagnetic waves, the quantum operation module transmits the operated low-frequency electromagnetic waves, the transmitted low-frequency electromagnetic waves are converted into high-frequency electromagnetic waves by the low-frequency / high-frequency converter, and the converted high-frequency electromagnetic waves are transmitted through the second dielectric waveguide, the first dielectric waveguide is disposed in a low-temperature region, and the second dielectric waveguide is disposed in the low-temperature region, A quantum computer wherein the quantum operation module is disposed in the low temperature region.

[25] The quantum computer according to

[24] , wherein the first dielectric waveguide is disposed in the low temperature region and a room temperature region, and the second dielectric waveguide is disposed in the low temperature region and the room temperature region.

[26] The quantum computer according to

[24] or

[25] , wherein the high frequency electromagnetic wave transmitted through the first dielectric waveguide is an analog signal, and the converted high frequency electromagnetic wave transmitted through the second dielectric waveguide is an analog signal.

[27] The quantum computer according to

[24] or

[25] , wherein the high frequency electromagnetic wave transmitted through the first dielectric waveguide is a digital signal, and the converted high frequency electromagnetic wave transmitted through the second dielectric waveguide is a digital signal.

[28] The quantum computer according to any one of

[24] to

[27] , wherein the room temperature region is a temperature region of 250 K or higher, and the low temperature region is a temperature region of 150 K or lower.

[29] The quantum computer according to any one of

[24] to

[27] , wherein the room temperature range is a temperature range of 250 K or higher, and the low temperature range is a temperature range of 10 K or lower.

[30] The quantum computer according to any one of

[24] to

[29] , wherein the number of the first dielectric waveguides is 50 or more, and the number of the second dielectric waveguides is 50 or more.

[31] The quantum computer according to any one of

[24] to

[30] , wherein the first dielectric waveguide is a first optical fiber, and the second dielectric waveguide is a second optical fiber.

[32] The quantum computer according to

[31] , wherein the high-frequency electromagnetic wave transmitted through the first optical fiber is 50 GHz or more and 300 GHz or less, and the high-frequency electromagnetic wave transmitted through the second optical fiber is 50 GHz or more and 300 GHz or less.

[33] The quantum computer according to

[31] or

[32] , wherein the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber each have a core, a clad arranged around the outer periphery of the core, and a jacket arranged around the outer periphery of the clad.

[0131]

[34] A quantum computer comprising at least an optical fiber, a coaxial cable, an O / E converter that converts an optical signal into an electrical signal, and a quantum operation module, wherein the optical signal transmitted through the optical fiber is converted into the electrical signal by the O / E converter, the quantum operation module receives the converted electrical signal, the quantum operation module operates on the received electrical signal, the quantum operation module transmits the operated electrical signal, the transmitted electrical signal is transmitted through the coaxial cable, the optical fiber is arranged in a low temperature region, the coaxial cable is arranged in the low temperature region, and the quantum operation module is arranged in the low temperature region.

[35] The quantum computer according to

[34] , wherein the optical fiber is arranged in the low temperature region and a room temperature region, and the coaxial cable is arranged in the low temperature region and the room temperature region.

[36] The quantum computer according to

[34] or

[35] , wherein the optical signal transmitted through the optical fiber is an analog signal, and the electrical signal transmitted through the coaxial cable is an analog signal.

[37] The quantum computer according to

[34] or

[35] , wherein the optical signal transmitted through the optical fiber is a digital signal, and the electrical signal transmitted through the coaxial cable is a digital signal.

[38] The quantum computer according to any one of

[34] to

[37] , wherein the room temperature temperature range is a temperature range of 250 K or higher, and the low temperature range is a temperature range of 150 K or lower.

[39] The quantum computer according to any one of

[34] to

[37] , wherein the room temperature temperature range is a temperature range of 250 K or higher, and the low temperature range is a temperature range of 10 K or lower.

[40] The quantum computer according to any one of

[34] to

[39] , wherein the number of optical fibers is 50 or more, and the number of coaxial cables is 50 or more.

[41] The quantum computer according to any one of

[34] to

[40] , wherein the optical fiber has a core, clads arranged on the outer periphery of the core, and a jacket arranged on the outer periphery of the clads.

[0132]

[42] A quantum computer comprising at least an optical fiber, a coaxial cable, an E / O converter that converts an electrical signal into an optical signal, and a quantum operation module, wherein an electrical signal is transmitted via the coaxial cable, the quantum operation module receives the electrical signal, the quantum operation module operates on the received electrical signal, the quantum operation module transmits the operated electrical signal, the transmitted electrical signal is converted into an optical signal by the E / O converter, and the converted optical signal is transmitted via the optical fiber, the optical fiber is arranged in a low temperature region, the coaxial cable is arranged in the low temperature region, and the quantum operation module is arranged in the low temperature region.

[43] The quantum computer according to

[42] , wherein the coaxial cable is arranged in the low temperature region and the room temperature region, and the optical fiber is arranged in the low temperature region and the room temperature region.

[44] The quantum computer according to

[42] or

[43] , wherein the electrical signal transmitted through the coaxial cable is an analog signal, and the converted optical signal transmitted through the optical fiber is an analog signal.

[45] The quantum computer according to

[42] or

[43] , wherein the electrical signal transmitted through the coaxial cable is a digital signal, and the converted optical signal transmitted through the optical fiber is a digital signal.

[46] The quantum computer according to any one of

[42] to

[45] , wherein the room temperature temperature range is a temperature range of 250 K or higher, and the low temperature range is a temperature range of 150 K or lower.

[47] The quantum computer according to any one of

[42] to

[45] , wherein the room temperature temperature range is a temperature range of 250 K or higher, and the low temperature range is a temperature range of 10 K or lower.

[48] The quantum computer according to any one of

[42] to

[47] , wherein the number of coaxial cables is 50 or more, and the number of optical fibers is 50 or more.

[49] The quantum computer according to any one of

[42] to

[48] , wherein the optical fiber has a core, clads arranged around the outer periphery of the core, and a jacket arranged around the outer periphery of the clads.

[0133]

[50] A quantum computer comprising at least a first optical fiber, a second optical fiber, a first coaxial cable, a second coaxial cable, an E / O converter that converts an electrical signal to an optical signal, an O / E converter that converts an optical signal to an electrical signal, and a quantum operation module, wherein the optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber is converted into the electrical signal by the O / E converter, the quantum operation module receives the converted electrical signal through the first coaxial cable, the quantum operation module operates on the received electrical signal, the quantum operation module transmits the operated electrical signal through the second coaxial cable, the transmitted electrical signal is converted into an optical signal by the E / O converter, and the converted optical signal is transmitted through the second optical fiber, the first optical fiber is arranged in a low temperature region, the second optical fiber is arranged in the low temperature region, and the quantum operation module is arranged in the low temperature region.

[51] The quantum computer according to

[50] , wherein the first optical fiber is arranged in the low temperature region and a room temperature region, and the second optical fiber is arranged in the low temperature region and the room temperature region.

[52] The quantum computer according to

[50] or

[51] , wherein the optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber is an analog signal, the converted electrical signal transmitted through the first coaxial cable is an analog signal, the calculated electrical signal transmitted through the second coaxial cable is an analog signal, and the converted optical signal transmitted through the second optical fiber is an analog signal.

[53] The quantum computer according to

[50] or

[51] , wherein the optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber is a digital signal, the converted electrical signal transmitted through the first coaxial cable is a digital signal, the calculated electrical signal transmitted through the second coaxial cable is a digital signal, and the converted optical signal transmitted through the second optical fiber is a digital signal.

[54] The quantum computer according to any one of

[50] to

[53] , wherein the room temperature range is a temperature range of 250 K or higher, and the low temperature range is a temperature range of 150 K or lower.

[55] The quantum computer according to any one of

[50] to

[53] , wherein the room temperature region is a temperature region of 250 K or higher, and the low temperature region is a temperature region of 10 K or lower.

[56] The quantum computer according to any one of

[50] to

[55] , wherein the number of the first optical fibers is 50 or more, and the number of the second optical fibers is 50 or more.

[57] The quantum computer according to any one of

[50] to

[56] , wherein each of the first optical fibers and the second optical fibers has a core, a clat arranged on the outer periphery of the core, and a jacket arranged on the outer periphery of the clat.

[0134]

[58] An electronic device comprising at least a first optical fiber, a second optical fiber, a first coaxial cable, a second coaxial cable, an E / O converter that converts an electrical signal into an optical signal, an O / E converter that converts an optical signal into an electrical signal, and an arithmetic module, wherein the optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber is converted into the electrical signal by the O / E converter, the arithmetic module receives the converted electrical signal through the first coaxial cable, the arithmetic module calculates the received electrical signal, the arithmetic module transmits the calculated electrical signal through the second coaxial cable, the transmitted electrical signal is converted into an optical signal by the E / O converter, and the converted optical signal is transmitted through the second optical fiber, the first optical fiber is disposed in a low temperature region, the second optical fiber is disposed in the low temperature region, and the arithmetic module is disposed in the low temperature region.

[59] The electronic device according to

[58] , wherein the first optical fiber is arranged in the low temperature region and a room temperature region, and the second optical fiber is arranged in the low temperature region and the room temperature region.

[60] The electronic device according to

[58] or

[59] , wherein the optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber is an analog signal, the converted electrical signal transmitted through the first coaxial cable is an analog signal, the calculated electrical signal transmitted through the second coaxial cable is an analog signal, and the converted optical signal transmitted through the second optical fiber is an analog signal.

[61] The electronic device according to

[58] or

[59] , wherein the optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber is a digital signal, the converted electrical signal transmitted through the first coaxial cable is a digital signal, the calculated electrical signal transmitted through the second coaxial cable is a digital signal, and the converted optical signal transmitted through the second optical fiber is a digital signal.

[62] The electronic device according to any one of

[58] to

[61] , wherein the room temperature range is a temperature range of 250 K or higher, and the low temperature range is a temperature range of 150 K or lower.

[63] The electronic device according to any one of

[58] to

[61] , wherein the room temperature region is a temperature region of 250 K or higher, and the low temperature region is a temperature region of 10 K or lower.

[64] The electronic device according to any one of

[58] to

[63] , wherein the number of the first optical fibers is 50 or more, and the number of the second optical fibers is 50 or more.

[65] The electronic device according to any one of

[58] to

[64] , wherein each of the first optical fibers and the second optical fibers has a core, a clat arranged on the outer periphery of the core, and a jacket arranged on the outer periphery of the clat.

[0135]

[66] A transmission line system comprising an electronic device that transmits and receives signals using an optical fiber between a temperature difference of 250K or more and 150K or less.

[0136]

[67] A transmission line system comprising an electronic device that transmits and receives signals using an optical fiber between a temperature difference of 250K or more and 10K or less.

[0137]

[68] A transmission line system comprising a quantum computer that transmits and receives signals using optical fibers between temperature differences of 250 K or more and 10 K or less.

[69] The transmission line system according to

[68] , wherein the signal is an analog signal of 1 GHz or more.

[70] The transmission line system according to

[68] , wherein the signal is a digital signal of 1 GHz or more.

[71] The transmission line system according to any one of

[68] to

[70] , comprising: an E / O converter arranged at one end of the optical fiber for converting an electrical signal to an optical signal; and an O / E converter arranged at the other end opposite to the one end of the optical fiber for converting an optical signal to an electrical signal.

[72] The transmission line system according to any one of

[68] to

[71] , wherein 50 or more optical fibers are used for reception by the quantum computer, and 50 or more optical fibers are used for transmission by the quantum computer.

[0138]

[73] A device comprising at least a first dielectric waveguide, a second dielectric waveguide, a first coaxial cable, a second coaxial cable, a low-frequency / high-frequency converter that converts low-frequency electromagnetic waves into high-frequency electromagnetic waves, a high-frequency / low-frequency converter that converts high-frequency electromagnetic waves into low-frequency electromagnetic waves, and a quantum operation module, wherein the high-frequency electromagnetic waves transmitted through the first dielectric waveguide are converted into the low-frequency electromagnetic waves by the high-frequency / low-frequency converter, the quantum operation module receives the converted low-frequency electromagnetic waves through the first coaxial cable, and the quantum operation module performs an operation on the received low-frequency electromagnetic waves, the quantum operation module transmits the operated low-frequency electromagnetic waves through the second coaxial cable, the transmitted low-frequency electromagnetic waves are converted into high-frequency electromagnetic waves by the low-frequency / high-frequency converter, and the converted high-frequency electromagnetic waves are transmitted through the second dielectric waveguide, A quantum computer wherein the first dielectric waveguide is arranged in a low temperature region, the second dielectric waveguide is arranged in the low temperature region, and the quantum operation module is arranged in the low temperature region.

[74] The quantum computer according to

[73] , wherein the first dielectric waveguide is arranged in the low temperature region and a room temperature region, and the second dielectric waveguide is arranged in the low temperature region and the room temperature region.

[75] The quantum computer according to

[73] or

[74] , wherein the high-frequency electromagnetic wave transmitted through the first dielectric waveguide is an analog signal, the converted low-frequency electromagnetic wave transmitted through the first coaxial cable is an analog signal, the operated low-frequency electromagnetic wave transmitted through the second coaxial cable is an analog signal, and the converted high-frequency electromagnetic wave transmitted through the second dielectric waveguide is an analog signal.

[76] A quantum computer according to

[73] or

[74] , wherein the high-frequency electromagnetic wave transmitted through the first dielectric waveguide is a digital signal, the converted low-frequency electromagnetic wave transmitted through the first coaxial cable is a digital signal, the calculated low-frequency electromagnetic wave transmitted through the second coaxial cable is a digital signal, and the converted high-frequency electromagnetic wave transmitted through the second dielectric waveguide is a digital signal.

[77] The quantum computer according to any one of

[73] to

[76] , wherein the room temperature range is a temperature range of 250 K or higher, and the low temperature range is a temperature range of 150 K or lower.

[78] The quantum computer according to any one of

[73] to

[76] , wherein the room temperature range is a temperature range of 250 K or higher, and the low temperature range is a temperature range of 10 K or lower.

[79] The quantum computer according to any one of

[73] to

[78] , wherein the number of first dielectric waveguides is 50 or more, and the number of second dielectric waveguides is 50 or more.

[80] The quantum computer according to any one of

[73] to

[79] , wherein the first dielectric waveguide is a first optical fiber, and the second dielectric waveguide is a second optical fiber.

[81] The quantum computer according to

[80] , wherein the high-frequency electromagnetic wave transmitted through the first optical fiber is equal to or greater than 50 GHz and equal to or less than 300 GHz, and the high-frequency electromagnetic wave transmitted through the second optical fiber is equal to or greater than 50 GHz and equal to or less than 300 GHz.

[90] The quantum computer according to

[80] or

[81] , wherein the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber each have a core, a clad arranged around the outer periphery of the core, and a jacket arranged around the outer periphery of the clad.

[0139] REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1... transmission line system, 2... transmission line system, 3... electronic device, 4, 5, 6... quantum computer, 71... core, 72... cladding, 73... jacket, 101, 113, 201, 213, 301, 313, 401, 413, 501, 513, 601, 613... coaxial cable assembly, 102, 109, 202, 209, 302, 309, 402, 409, 502, 509... E / O converter, 103, 104, 303, 304... first optical fiber, 110, 111, 310, 311... second optical fiber, 105, 112, 205, 212, 305, 312, 405, 412, 505, 512... O / E converter, 106, 206, 306, 406, 506, 606... First coaxial cable, 108, 208, 308, 408, 508, 608... Second coaxial cable, 107... Electronic device, 114, 115, 214, 215, 314, 315, 414, 415... Power cable, 203, 204, 403, 404, 503, 504... First optical fiber assembly, 210, 211, 410, 411, 510, 511... Second optical fiber assembly, 207... Quantum computer, 307... Computing module, 407, 507, 607... Quantum computing module, 602, 609... LF / HF converter (low frequency / high frequency converter), 603, 604... First dielectric waveguide assembly, 605, 612...HF / LF converters (high frequency / low frequency converters), 610, 611...assembly of second dielectric waveguides, 700...optical fiber, G, J...room temperature region, H, K...low temperature region, P1-1, P2-1...direction of room temperature region, P1-2, P2-2...direction of low temperature region.

Claims

1. The system comprises at least a first optical fiber, a second optical fiber, an E / O converter that converts electrical signals to optical signals, an O / E converter that converts optical signals to electrical signals, and a quantum computing module. The optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber is converted into an electrical signal by the O / E converter. The quantum computing module receives the converted electrical signal, The quantum computing module performs calculations on the received electrical signal, The quantum computing module transmits the calculated electrical signal, The transmitted electrical signal is converted into an optical signal by the E / O converter. The converted optical signal is transmitted through the second optical fiber. The first optical fiber is placed in a low temperature region, The second optical fiber is placed in the low-temperature region, The quantum computing module is placed in the low-temperature region, The O / E converter is placed in the low temperature range, A quantum computer in which the E / O converter is located in the low-temperature region.

2. A first E / O converter, a second E / O converter, a first O / E converter, and a second O / E converter, The electrical signal is converted into an optical signal by the second E / O converter. The converted optical signal is transmitted through the first optical fiber, and the converted optical signal is converted into an electrical signal by the first O / E converter. The quantum computing module receives the converted electrical signal, The quantum computing module performs calculations on the received electrical signal, The quantum computing module transmits the calculated electrical signal, The transmitted electrical signal is converted into an optical signal by the first E / O converter. The converted optical signal is transmitted through the second optical fiber. The optical signal transmitted through the second optical fiber is converted into an electrical signal by the second O / E converter. The first optical fiber is arranged in the low temperature region and the room temperature region, The second optical fiber is arranged in the low temperature region and the room temperature region, The second E / O converter is placed in the room temperature range, The first O / E converter is placed in the low temperature region, The first E / O converter is placed in the low temperature region, The quantum computer according to claim 1, wherein the second O / E converter is located in the room temperature range.

3. The optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber is an analog signal. The quantum computer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the converted optical signal transmitted via the second optical fiber is an analog signal.

4. The optical signal transmitted via the first optical fiber is a digital signal. The quantum computer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the converted optical signal transmitted via the second optical fiber is a digital signal.

5. The aforementioned room temperature range is a temperature range of 250K or higher. The quantum computer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the low temperature range is a temperature range of 150K or less.

6. The aforementioned room temperature range is a temperature range of 250K or higher. The quantum computer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the low temperature range is a temperature range of 10K or less.

7. The first optical fiber consists of 50 or more fibers. The quantum computer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second optical fiber comprises 50 or more fibers.

8. The quantum computer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber comprises a core, a clat disposed on the outer periphery of the core, and a jacket disposed on the outer periphery of the clat.

9. A quantum computer comprising at least a first optical fiber, a second optical fiber, an E / O converter that converts electrical signals to optical signals, an O / E converter that converts optical signals to electrical signals, The optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber is converted into an electrical signal by the O / E converter. The quantum computer receives the converted electrical signal, The quantum computer processes the received electrical signal, The quantum computer transmits the calculated electrical signal, The transmitted electrical signal is converted into an optical signal by the E / O converter. The converted optical signal is transmitted through the second optical fiber. The first optical fiber is placed in a low temperature region, The second optical fiber is placed in the low-temperature region, The quantum computer is placed in the low-temperature region, The O / E converter is placed in the low temperature range, A transmission line system in which the E / O converter is located in the low-temperature region.

10. A first E / O converter, a second E / O converter, a first O / E converter, and a second O / E converter, The electrical signal is converted into an optical signal by the second E / O converter. The converted optical signal is transmitted through the first optical fiber, and the converted optical signal is converted into an electrical signal by the first O / E converter. The quantum computer receives the converted electrical signal, The quantum computer performs calculations on the received electrical signal, The quantum computer transmits the calculated electrical signal, The transmitted electrical signal is converted into an optical signal by the first E / O converter. The converted optical signal is transmitted through the second optical fiber. The optical signal transmitted through the second optical fiber is converted into an electrical signal by the second O / E converter. The first optical fiber is arranged in the low temperature region and the room temperature region, The second optical fiber is arranged in the low temperature region and the room temperature region, The second E / O converter is placed in the room temperature range, The first O / E converter is placed in the low temperature region, The first E / O converter is placed in the low temperature region, The transmission line system according to claim 9, wherein the second O / E converter is located in the room temperature range.

11. The optical signal transmitted via the first optical fiber is an analog signal, The transmission line system according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the converted optical signal transmitted via the second optical fiber is an analog signal.

12. The optical signal transmitted through the first optical fiber is a digital signal, The transmission line system according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the converted optical signal transmitted via the second optical fiber is a digital signal.

13. The room temperature range is a temperature range of 250K or higher, The transmission line system according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the low temperature range is a temperature range of 150K or less.

14. The room temperature range is a temperature range of 250K or higher, The transmission line system according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the low temperature range is a temperature range of 10K or less.

15. The first optical fiber comprises 50 or more fibers, The transmission line system according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the second optical fiber comprises 50 or more fibers.

16. The transmission line system according to claim 9 or 10, wherein each of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber comprises a core, a clat disposed on the outer circumference of the core, and a jacket disposed on the outer circumference of the clat.