Gate-to-Gate Data Generation and Automatic Carbon Emission Calculation Method for Pretensioned Spun High Strength Concrete Pile Carbon Emission Tracking

Abstract

The method for gate-to-gate data calculation and automatic carbon emission calculation for tracking carbon emissions of PHC piles according to the present invention is characterized by comprising: a step of grouping an evaluation system in which a data processing unit converts spreadsheet data according to combinations of compressive strength, flexural strength, diameter, thickness, shape, and length of PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) piles for carbon emission calculation into a mixing ratio based on input amount per weight for carbon emission calculation, thereby simplifying the classification system of PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) piles subject to evaluation into 24 specifications including PHC shape (4 types), compressive strength (2 types), and flexural strength (3 types); and a step in which the data processing unit converts the production volume and raw material input amount per PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) pile into an evaluation sheet of production volume and raw material input amount per 1 kg of PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) pile.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for monitoring carbon emissions, and more specifically, to a gate-to-gate data generation and low-carbon monitoring technique for tracking carbon emissions from PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) piles. Background Technology

[0003] Conventional CO2 assessment technologies differ in life cycle assessment scenarios and emission factors, so they do not meet the basic requirements for obtaining Environmental Product Declaration certification and low-carbon product certification. Furthermore, there is a lack of support techniques for obtaining low-carbon certification based on the achievement goals for obtaining actual low-carbon product certification: (a) a 3.3% reduction in carbon emissions or (b) conditions below the maximum allowable carbon emissions.

[0004] Furthermore, even if existing cases of concrete carbon emission evaluation exist, low-carbon product certification is only valid if the emissions are recalculated using current evaluation scenarios and emission factors. In particular, there are approximately 1,000 product specifications subject to calculation for PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) piles, yet there is currently no automated calculation system for these existing concrete carbon emissions. Moreover, there is a lack of a system to support low-carbon product certification that considers multiple factories, manufacturing lines, specifications, and analysis periods for PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) facilities.

[0006] As the demand for carbon emission reduction in the construction industry intensified, the revision of the Green Building Certification (G-SEED) was implemented in September 2016, and new certification items were established for the use of "Stage 1: Environmental Product Label Certification" and "Stage 2: Low-Carbon Product Certification" products for building materials.

[0008] “Stage 1: Environmental Product Label Certification” involves receiving the mix design information used by each concrete manufacturer and quantitatively evaluating seven impact categories (carbon footprint, water footprint, resource footprint, acid rain, ozone layer impact, eutrophication, and photochemical smog), so there are no particular difficulties in performing the work. However, “Stage 2: Low-Carbon Product Certification” faces technical limitations in performing the certification work because it requires satisfying criteria such that carbon emissions are (a) below the maximum allowable carbon emission (average value of carbon emission certifications by region - emission standard values ​​fluctuate quarterly) or (b) above the minimum carbon reduction rate (3.3%).

[0009] Following the revision of the Green Building Certification (G-SEED), the concrete industry, a major emitter of greenhouse gases, has seen an explosive increase in cases of obtaining environmental performance certifications (including low-carbon product certifications) exceeding 300% since 2018 (17 cases in 2018, 97 cases in 2019, and 383 cases in 2020). Consequently, there is a growing demand from construction companies for “Stage 2: Low-Carbon Product Certification,” which provides additional points for building permits.

[0010] However, among these, PHC (Pretensioned Spun High Strength Concrete) pile products are used at almost all construction sites. Although it is easier to improve mix formulations and modify manufacturing lines for carbon reduction compared to ready-mix concrete, research and track record regarding the commercialization of carbon-reducing products relative to ready-mix concrete are minimal. Furthermore, the lack of established systems for life cycle assessment—such as emission factors and evaluation scenarios for low-carbon product certification—makes it difficult for manufacturing plants to respond proactively, necessitating the resolution of the following internal and external factors.

[0012] External factors

[0013] 1. Constraints on the satisfaction conditions of basic low-carbon product certification (a) or (b)

[0014] (a) While satisfying the condition of being less than or equal to the maximum allowable carbon emissions, the carbon emissions in Stage 2 must be lower than the carbon emissions in Stage 1.

[0015] (In this case, the maximum allowable carbon emissions are calculated by applying the weighted average of regional carbon emission certifications, and the emission threshold is a variable value that may increase or decrease on a quarterly basis.)

[0016] (b) The criterion that the carbon emissions in Stage 2 are at least the minimum reduction rate (3.3%) compared to the carbon emissions in Stage 1 must be met.

[0017] (c) At this time, the standard Stage 1 carbon emission is not based on the previously certified emission factor, but rather the additionally verified carbon emission is used as the standard value by recalculating the Stage 1 carbon emission using the evaluation scenario and emission factor at the time of obtaining Stage 2 low-carbon product certification.

[0019] 2. Issues Regarding Multi-Standard Low-Carbon Applications for PHC (Pretensioned Spun High Strength Concrete) Workplaces

[0020] To obtain a low-carbon product, you must satisfy either (a) or (b) and all of the following conditions.

[0021] (1) During the 12-month data collection period,

[0022] (2) The application must satisfy the entire corporate factory of the PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) workplace.

[0023] (3) All of the applied PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) specifications must satisfy the conditions during the same collection period.

[0025] Internal factors

[0026] 1. Mix design issues focused on strength and workability

[0027] - The quality control team for small and medium-sized PHC (Pretensioned Spun High Strength Concrete) piles is unable to respond to challenges such as active mix design improvements for the production of low-carbon products due to a mix design method that relies on experience focused primarily on strength and constructability.

[0029] 2. Lack of a classification system for calculating carbon deposition rates of PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) pile products

[0030] Although the field requirements for PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) piles are clearly defined, there are thousands of product types for which carbon emissions must be calculated based on combinations of compressive strength (78.5 MPa, 100 Pa), flexural strength (Type A; 3.92 MPa, Type B; 7.85 MPa, Type C; 9.81 MPa), diameter (500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1200 T), thickness (80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 150 T), shape (single, upper, middle, lower, ring pile, top pile, etc.), and length (5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 m).

[0032] 3. Absence of a Carbon Emission Evaluation Scenario Based on Curing Methods for PHC (Pretensioned Spun High Strength Concrete) Pile Products

[0033] There is no monitoring method for carbon emissions per manufacturing line based on the Autoclave curing method (temperature 150–200 degrees Celsius, pressure 5–15 kg / cm2, unit mix information differs) and the Non-Autoclave curing method (temperature 50–60 degrees Celsius, pressure 5–10 kg / cm2, unit mix information differs). Prior art literature

[0035] KR10-2013-0130971 A The problem to be solved

[0036] The present invention is proposed to solve the technical problems described above, and proposes a gate-to-gate data generation and automatic carbon emission calculation method for tracking carbon emissions of input raw materials for over 1,000 specifications of PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) piles and complex manufacturing lines. means of solving the problem

[0038] According to one embodiment of the present invention for solving the above problems, the data processing unit converts spreadsheet data according to combinations of compressive strength, flexural strength, diameter, thickness, shape, and length of PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) piles for carbon emission calculation into a mixing ratio based on input amount per weight for carbon emission calculation, and simplifies the classification system of the PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) piles subject to evaluation into 24 specifications including PHC shape (4 types), compressive strength (2 types), and flexural strength (3 types) in an evaluation system grouping step; the data processing unit converts the production volume and raw material input amount per PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) pile into an evaluation sheet of production volume and raw material input amount per 1 kg of PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) pile; and the data processing unit [targets] carbon reduction mix improvement powders commonly used in PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) piles A step of estimating carbon emissions resulting from the improvement of the mix design of cement (Type 1 Portland cement, Type 3 Portland cement, blast furnace slag cement) and admixtures (blast furnace slag, ferronickel slag, high-strength admixture) by inputting the cement substitution rate / ferronickel slag allocation rate / high-strength admixture allocation rate; and a step in which the data processing unit calculates and reflects a fuel efficiency correction coefficient based on 12 months of manufacturing process performance data from multiple PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) pile manufacturing sites, taking into account that differences in fossil fuel usage and unit cement mix design information occur depending on the AC (Autoclave) method and NAC (Non-Autoclave) method of PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) piles;A method for gate-to-gate data generation and automatic carbon emission calculation for tracking PHC file carbon emissions is provided, comprising a step in which the data processing unit automatically calculates carbon emissions based on the final data by reflecting the environmental performance label certification evaluation coefficients and accredited LCI DB (Life Cycle Inventory Database) evaluation coefficients embedded for each raw material / fuel source.

[0039] In addition, the present invention is characterized in that the PHC types are classified into general PHC piles, special PHC piles (ring piles), special PHC piles (top piles), and special PHC piles (HD piles), the compressive strength is classified into high strength (78.5 MPa) and ultra-high strength (110 MPa), and the flexural strength is classified into Type A, Type B, and Type C.

[0040] In addition, the data processing unit in the present invention is characterized by excluding aggregates with low carbon emission contribution rates (coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, copper slag aggregate, recycled aggregate), chemical admixtures, and PC steel rods, steel wires, fittings, and nuts, which have already been optimized through PHC (Pretensioned Spun High Strength Concrete) pile structural design, from the low-carbon improvement items. Effects of the invention

[0042] The gate-to-gate data generation and automatic carbon emission calculation method for tracking PHC file carbon emissions according to the present invention can support low-carbon product certification for demand companies.

[0043] In addition, it is possible to minimize the excessive input of manpower, time, and cost required for Gate-to-Gate data generation to estimate the life cycle carbon emissions of PHC (Pretensioned Spun High Strength Concrete) piles.

[0044] It is possible to continuously analyze and evaluate a period of up to 24 months, allowing for monthly analysis of carbon emission reduction status.

[0045] By predicting the reduction in carbon emissions resulting from the change in the mix of over 1,000 types of multi-standard PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) piles, it is possible to design an efficient mix. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0047] Figure 1 is a drawing showing the carbon emission tracking details by detailed specifications of PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) piles. Figure 2 is a diagram showing the classification system for carbon emission tracking assessment targets. Figure 3 is a diagram showing a classification system excluding carbon emission tracking. Figure 4 is a drawing showing an existing production volume data input sheet. Figure 5 is a diagram showing the inputs for low-carbon mix design improvement and production improvement. Figure 6 is a diagram showing AC (Autoclave) / NAC (Non-Autoclave) production efficiency information. Figure 7 is a drawing showing a carbon emission calculation sheet for low-carbon improvement. Figure 8 is a diagram showing the carbon emission tracking results after improvement. FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating the gate-to-gate data calculation and automatic carbon emission calculation method for tracking PHC pile carbon emissions according to the present invention. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0048] Hereinafter, in order to explain in detail enough for a person skilled in the art to easily implement the technical concept of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings.

[0050] PHC (Pretensioned spun High Strength Concrete) piles are high-strength piles manufactured using centrifugal force and are a key material required to ensure the foundation stability of buildings and structures. Due to their impact resistance, high durability, and short curing period, PHC piles enable timely mass supply, making them widely used as an economical method for structural ground construction.

[0052] The present invention proposes a gate-to-gate data generation and automatic carbon emission calculation method for tracking carbon emissions of input raw materials for over 1,000 specifications of PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) piles and complex manufacturing lines.

[0053] This is a technology designed to input verified and preprocessed data separately for each PHC (Pretensioned Spun High Strength Concrete) pile facility, integrate it at the site level, combine it into Gate-to-Gate data, and further monitor the carbon footprint in accordance with the Ministry of Environment's low-carbon standards.

[0055] 1) Enter basic information

[0056] Figure 1 is a diagram showing the carbon emission tracking details by detailed specifications of PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) piles, Figure 2 is a diagram showing the classification system for carbon emission tracking evaluation targets, and Figure 3 is a diagram showing the classification system excluding carbon emission tracking.

[0058] * Preliminary analysis for setting raw materials / product specifications / data collection period

[0059] Although the number of target products for which carbon emissions must be calculated based on combinations of compressive strength (78.5 MPa, 100 MPa), flexural strength (Type A; 3.92 MPa, Type B; 7.85 MPa, Type C; 9.81 MPa), diameter (500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1200 T), thickness (80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 150 T), shape (single, upper, middle, lower, ring pile, top pile, etc.), and length (5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 m), etc., is in the thousands, the target specifications are diverse, but through prior carbon emission analysis for each specification, the evaluation system is grouped by product specifications that show similar carbon emission trends.

[0061] When setting the declaration unit for carbon labeling, a simplified system of carbon emission trends was observed when calculating per weight of PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) piles, rather than per individual PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) pile product sold at existing workplaces. Accordingly, the carbon emission calculation is approached by converting the mixing ratio into input amount per weight, and the classification system of PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) subject to evaluation is simplified into 24 specifications based on PHC type (4 types), compressive strength (2 types), and flexural strength (3 types).

[0063] 2) Automatic calculation and processing of production data for PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) piles at the workplace - Input of existing production volume data

[0064] Figure 4 is a diagram showing an existing production volume data input sheet.

[0065] Develop an evaluation sheet for the production volume and raw material input volume per 1 kg of PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete), rather than the production volume and raw material input volume per unit of PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) that is currently managed at the workplace.

[0066] Generally, production information is managed separately by month and by facility. An input sheet for evaluating the number of manufacturing lines and curing types (Autoclave curing method - AC method, simple heat curing method - NAC (Non-Autoclave) method) that reflect the characteristics of each facility for PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) piles has been developed. At this time, the evaluation sheet is for the production volume and raw material input volume per 1 kg of PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete), rather than the production volume and raw material input volume per PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) pile that is currently managed at the workplace.

[0068] 3) Improvement of mix design and production for the production of low-carbon PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) piles

[0069] Figure 5 is a diagram showing the input for low-carbon mix design improvement and production improvement.

[0070] The carbon emissions resulting from the improvement of the mix design of cement (Type 1 Portland cement, Type 3 Portland cement, blast furnace slag cement) and admixtures (blast furnace slag, ferronickel slag, high-strength admixtures) for carbon-reducing mix-improved powders commonly used in PHC (Pretensioned Spun High Strength Concrete) piles

[0071] Carbon emissions can be estimated by inputting the cement replacement rate, ferronickel slag allocation rate, and high-strength admixture allocation rate.

[0073] In addition, since there are differences in fossil fuel usage and unit cement mix information depending on the AC (Autoclave) and NAC (Non-Autoclave) methods for PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) piles, we propose a fuel efficiency correction factor based on 12 months of manufacturing process performance data from 8 PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) pile manufacturing plants.

[0075] Figure 6 is a diagram showing AC (Autoclave) / NAC (Non-Autoclave) production efficiency information, and Figure 7 is a diagram showing a low-carbon improvement carbon emission calculation sheet.

[0076] Cementate admixtures in the low-carbon mix improvement category are indicated by [orange cells] to monitor input fluctuations.

[0077] Meanwhile, aggregates with low carbon emission contribution rates (coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, copper slag aggregate, recycled aggregate), chemical admixtures, and PC steel rods, steel wires, fittings, and nuts, which have already been optimized through PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) pile structural design, are excluded from the low-carbon improvement items, and the ratio of [gray cells] from the past two months of production performance is retrieved and automatically calculated.

[0079] 4) Low-carbon PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) carbon emission tracking results

[0080] Figure 8 is a diagram showing the carbon emission tracking results after improvement.

[0081] Based on the final data, carbon emissions are automatically calculated by reflecting embedded Environmental Performance Label (EPI) certification evaluation factors for each raw material / fuel source and other accredited LCI DB evaluation factors, relative to the annual product production volume.

[0082] When performing multi-factory certification, it is used as supporting data at the factory level to assess monthly carbon emission trends, determine the feasibility of obtaining low-carbon product certification, and verify the amount of carbon emission reduction required to acquire low-carbon products.

[0084] FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating the gate-to-gate data calculation and automatic carbon emission calculation method for tracking PHC pile carbon emissions according to the present invention.

[0086] As described above, the gate-to-gate data calculation and automatic carbon emission calculation method for tracking PHC pile carbon emissions according to the present invention is

[0087] The data processing unit processes spread sheet data according to combinations of compressive strength, flexural strength, diameter, thickness, shape, and length of PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) piles for carbon emission calculation, converts the mixing ratio into input amount per weight for carbon emission calculation, and processes the evaluation system grouping step (S10) to simplify the classification system of the PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) piles subject to evaluation into 24 specifications including PHC shape (4 types), compressive strength (2 types), and flexural strength (3 types).

[0089] Next, the data processing unit processes the step (S20) of converting the production volume and raw material input volume per PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) pile into an evaluation sheet of the production volume and raw material input volume per 1 kg of PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) pile.

[0091] Next, the data processing unit processes the carbon emission amount resulting from the improvement of the mix of cement (Type 1 Portland cement, Type 3 Portland cement, blast furnace slag cement) and admixture (blast furnace slag, ferronickel slag, high-strength admixture) for carbon reduction mix improvement powders commonly used in PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) piles by inputting the cement replacement rate / ferronickel slag distribution rate / high-strength admixture distribution rate (S30).

[0093] Next, the data processing unit processes the step (S40) of calculating and reflecting a fuel efficiency correction coefficient based on 12 months of manufacturing process performance data from multiple PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) pile manufacturing plants, taking into account that there is a difference in fossil fuel usage and unit cement mix information depending on the AC (Autoclave) method and NAC (Non-Autoclave) method of the PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) pile.

[0095] Finally, the data processing unit processes the step (S50) of automatically calculating the carbon emissions based on the raw material input data relative to the annual product production volume by reflecting the embedded environmental performance label certification evaluation coefficients and the accredited LCI DB (Life Cycle Inventory Database) evaluation coefficients for each raw material / fuel source.

[0097] Here, PHC types are classified into general PHC piles, special PHC piles (ring piles), special PHC piles (top piles), and special PHC piles (HD piles); compressive strength is classified into high strength (78.5 MPa) and ultra-high strength (110 MPa); and flexural strength can be classified into Type A, Type B, and Type C.

[0098] In addition, the data processing unit may process the exclusion of aggregates with low carbon emission contribution rates (coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, copper slag aggregate, recycled aggregate), chemical admixtures, and PC steel rods, steel wires, fittings, and nuts, which have already been optimized through PHC (Pretensioned Spun High Strength Concrete) pile structural design, from low-carbon improvement items.

[0100] The gate-to-gate data generation and automatic carbon emission calculation method for tracking PHC pile carbon emissions according to the present invention is,

[0101] It is possible to minimize the excessive input of manpower, time, and cost required for Gate-to-Gate data generation to estimate the life cycle carbon emissions of PHC (Pretensioned Spun High Strength Concrete) piles.

[0102] It is possible to continuously analyze and evaluate a period of up to 24 months, allowing for monthly analysis of carbon emission reduction status.

[0103] By predicting the reduction in carbon emissions resulting from the change in the mix of over 1,000 types of multi-standard PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) piles, it is possible to design an efficient mix.

[0105] As such, those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains will understand that the present invention may be implemented in other specific forms without altering its technical concept or essential features. Therefore, the embodiments described above should be understood as illustrative in all respects and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims set forth below rather than by the detailed description above, and all modifications or variations derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents should be interpreted as being included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

Claim 1 A step of grouping the evaluation system in which the data processing unit simplifies the classification system of the PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) piles subject to evaluation into 24 specifications based on PHC shape (4 types), compressive strength (2 types), and flexural strength (3 types) by converting the mix ratio into input amount per weight for carbon emission calculation using spreadsheet data according to combinations of compressive strength, flexural strength, diameter, thickness, shape, and length of PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) piles for carbon emission calculation; a step in which the data processing unit converts the production volume and raw material input amount per PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) pile into an evaluation sheet of production volume and raw material input amount per 1 kg of PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) pile; and a step in which the data processing unit targets carbon reduction mix improvement powders commonly used in PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) piles, cement (Type 1 Portland cement, A step of estimating carbon emissions resulting from the improvement of the mix of Type 3 Portland cement (blast furnace slag cement) and admixtures (blast furnace slag, ferronickel slag, high-strength admixture) by inputting the cement replacement rate / ferronickel slag allocation rate / high-strength admixture allocation rate; a step in which the data processing unit calculates and reflects a fuel efficiency correction coefficient based on 12 months of manufacturing process performance data from multiple PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) pile manufacturing sites, taking into account that differences in fossil fuel usage and unit cement mix information occur depending on the AC (Autoclave) method and NAC (Non-Autoclave) method of PHC (Pretensioned spun High strength Concrete) piles;A method for gate-to-gate data generation and automatic carbon emission calculation for tracking PHC file carbon emissions, comprising: a step in which the data processing unit automatically calculates the carbon emissions based on the final data by reflecting the environmental performance label certification evaluation coefficients and accredited LCI DB (Life Cycle Inventory Database) evaluation coefficients embedded for each raw material / fuel source. Claim 2 A method for gate-to-gate data generation and automatic carbon emission calculation for tracking carbon emissions of PHC piles, characterized in that, in claim 1, the PHC shape is classified into general PHC pile, special PHC pile (ring pile), special PHC pile (top pile), and special PHC pile (HD pile), the compressive strength is classified into high strength (78.5 MPa) and ultra-high strength (110 MPa), and the flexural strength is classified into Type A, Type B, and Type C. Claim 3 In claim 1, the data processing unit is characterized by excluding aggregates with low carbon emission contribution rates (coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, copper slag aggregate, recycled aggregate), chemical admixtures, and PC steel rods, steel wires, fittings, and nuts, which have already been optimized through PHC (Pretensioned Spun High Strength Concrete) pile structural design, from low-carbon improvement items. This describes a gate-to-gate data calculation and automatic carbon emission calculation method for tracking PHC pile carbon emissions.

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