Method and device for controlling transmission power of a public terminal

Abstract

A method of operation of a first device (100) in a wireless communication system is proposed. The method includes the steps of: obtaining a parameter for controlling transmission power; determining transmission power by performing transmission power control based on the parameter; and performing transmission using the transmission power, wherein the parameter may be determined based on the altitude of the first device (100).

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system. Background Technology

[0002] 5G NR is a successor technology to LTE (long term evolution) and is a new clean-slate type mobile communication system with characteristics such as high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, ranging from low frequency bands below 1 GHz to mid-frequency bands from 1 GHz to 10 GHz, and high frequency (millimeter wave) bands above 24 GHz.

[0003] The 6G (wireless communication) system aims for (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) reduced energy consumption of battery-free IoT (internet of things) devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of the 6G system can be in four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity, and the 6G system can satisfy requirements such as those shown in Table 1 below. For example, Table 1 may represent an example of the requirements for a 6G system.

[0004] Peak data rate by device 1 Tbps E2E latency 1 ms Maximum spectral efficiency 100bps / Hz Mobility support Up to 1000km / hr Satellite integration Fully AI Fully Autonomous vehicles Fully XR Fully Haptic communication Fully means of solving the problem

[0005] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method may be provided. For example, the method comprises: obtaining a parameter for controlling transmission power; determining transmission power by performing transmission power control based on the parameter; and performing transmission using the transmission power, wherein the parameter may be determined based on the altitude of a first device.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first device may be provided. For example, the first device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, based on the instructions being executed by the at least one processor, the first device may: obtain a parameter for transmission power control; determine a transmission power by performing transmission power control based on the parameter; and perform transmission using the transmission power, wherein the parameter may be determined based on the altitude of the first device.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device configured to control a first device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, based on the instructions executed by the at least one processor, the first device may: obtain a parameter for transmission power control; determine a transmission power by performing transmission power control based on the parameter; and perform transmission using the transmission power, wherein the parameter may be determined based on the altitude of the first device.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transient computer-readable storage medium recording instructions may be provided. For example, when the instructions are executed, the first device may: obtain a parameter for transmission power control; determine transmission power by performing transmission power control based on the parameter; and perform transmission using the transmission power, wherein the parameter may be determined based on the altitude of the first device.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method may be provided. For example, the method comprises: receiving a transmission from a first device, wherein the transmission is transmitted based on a transmission power determined by performing transmission power control based on parameters, and the parameters may be determined based on the altitude of the first device.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a second device may be provided. For example, the second device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, based on the instructions being executed by the at least one processor, the second device may: receive a transmission from a first device, wherein the transmission is transmitted based on a transmission power determined by performing transmission power control based on parameters, and the parameters may be determined based on the altitude of the first device. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0011] FIG. 1 shows a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 shows an electromagnetic spectrum according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 shows an example of a typical NTN scenario based on a transparent payload according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 4 shows an example of a typical NTN scenario based on a regenerative payload according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 5 shows an example of a sensing operation according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 shows a slot structure of a frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 7 shows an example of a BWP according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 8 illustrates a procedure in which a terminal performs V2X or SL communication according to a resource allocation mode, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 9 shows a maximum transmission power that is set differently depending on the altitude range of the terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 10 shows a sounding reference signal resource set according to the altitude of a terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 11 shows open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) formulas and parameters that are set differently depending on the altitude range of the terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 12 illustrates a transmission power control procedure that is set differently depending on the altitude range of the terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 13 illustrates a power control process based on multipath loss measurement according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 14 illustrates the procedure of a method that can be performed by a first device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 15 illustrates the procedure of a method that can be performed by a second device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 16 shows a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 17 shows a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 18 shows a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 19 shows a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 20 shows a portable device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 21 shows a vehicle or an autonomous vehicle according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0012] In this specification, "A or B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." Alternatively, in this specification, "A or B" may be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, in this specification, "A, B or C" may mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C."

[0013] A slash ( / ) or a comma used in this specification may mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" may mean "A and / or B." Accordingly, "A / B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" may mean "A, B or C."

[0014] In this specification, "at least one of A and B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." Additionally, in this specification, the expressions "at least one of A or B" or "at least one of A and / or B" may be interpreted as synonymous with "at least one of A and B."

[0015] Additionally, in this specification, "at least one of A, B and C" may mean "only A," "only B," "only C," or "any combination of A, B and C." Also, "at least one of A, B or C" or "at least one of A, B and / or C" may mean "at least one of A, B and C."

[0016] Additionally, parentheses used in this specification may mean "for example." Specifically, when indicated as "control information (PDCCH)," "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." In other words, "control information" in this specification is not limited to "PDCCH," and "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." Furthermore, even when indicated as "control information (e.g., PDCCH)," "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information."

[0017] In the following explanation, 'when, if, in case of' can be replaced with 'based on'.

[0018] In this specification, the device acquiring information may include the information being (pre)set to the device, the information being received by the device from another entity, and the device generating the information.

[0019] Technical features described individually within a single drawing in this specification may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0020] In this specification, a higher layer parameter may be a parameter that is set for the terminal, pre-set, or pre-defined. For example, a base station or a network may transmit the higher layer parameter to the terminal. For example, the higher layer parameter may be transmitted via radio resource control (RRC) signaling or medium access control (MAC) signaling.

[0021] In this specification, "set or defined" may be interpreted as being set or pre-configured to the device through pre-defined signaling (e.g., SIB, MAC, RRC) from a base station or network. In this specification, "set or defined" may be interpreted as being pre-configured to the device.

[0022] The technology proposed in this specification can be used in various wireless communication systems such as CDMA (code division multiple access), FDMA (frequency division multiple access), TDMA (time division multiple access), OFDMA (orthogonal frequency division multiple access), and SC-FDMA (single carrier frequency division multiple access). CDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as UTRA (universal terrestrial radio access) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as GSM (global system for mobile communications) / GPRS (general packet radio service) / EDGE (enhanced data rates for GSM evolution). OFDMA can be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (institute of electrical and electronics engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, E-UTRA (evolved UTRA), LTE (long term evolution), and 5G NR.

[0023] The technology proposed in this specification can be implemented as 6G wireless technology and applied to various 6G systems. For example, 6G systems may have key factors such as eMBB (enhanced mobile broadband), URLLC (ultra-reliable low latency communications), mMTC (massive machine-type communication), AI (artificial intelligence) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0024] FIG. 1 illustrates a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 1 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0025] New network characteristics in 6G may be as follows.

[0026] - Satellite Integrated Network

[0027] - Connected Intelligence: Unlike previous generations of wireless communication systems, 6G is innovative and will update wireless evolution from "connected things" to "connected intelligence." AI can be applied at each stage of the communication process (or at each step of the signal processing described below).

[0028] - Seamless integration of wireless information and energy transfer

[0029] - Ubiquitous Super 3D Connectivity: Connectivity to the network and core network functions of drones and very low Earth orbit satellites will create Super 3D connectivity in 6G ubiquitous.

[0030] Some general requirements regarding the new network characteristics of 6G mentioned above may be as follows.

[0031] - Small cell networks

[0032] - Ultra-dense heterogeneous network

[0033] - High-capacity backhaul

[0034] - Radar technology integrated with mobile technology: High-precision localization (or location-based services) through communication is one of the functions of 6G wireless communication systems. Therefore, radar systems will be integrated with 6G networks.

[0035] - Softwarization and virtualization

[0036] The core implementation technologies of the 6G system are described below.

[0037] - Artificial Intelligence: Introducing AI into communications can streamline and enhance real-time data transmission. AI can determine how complex target tasks are performed using numerous analyses. For example, AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing latency. Time-consuming tasks such as handover, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play a significant role in M2M, machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communication. Furthermore, AI can enable rapid communication in Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0038] - THz communication: Data transmission rates can be increased by increasing bandwidth. This can be achieved by using sub-THz communication with wide bandwidth and applying advanced large-scale MIMO technology. THz waves, also known as sub-millimeter radiation, generally represent a frequency band between 0.1 THz and 10 THz with corresponding wavelengths in the range of 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz to 300 GHz band range (Sub-THz band) is considered the main part of the THz band for cellular communication. Adding the Sub-THz band to the mmWave band increases 6G cellular communication capacity. Among the defined THz bands, 300 GHz to 3 THz is located in the far-infrared (IR) frequency band. The 300 GHz to 3 THz band is part of the broadband but lies at the boundary of the broadband and immediately following the RF band. Therefore, this 300 GHz to 3 THz band exhibits similarity to RF. FIG. 2 shows an electromagnetic spectrum according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 2 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Key characteristics of THz communication include (i) widely available bandwidth to support very high data transmission rates, and (ii) high path loss occurring at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are indispensable). The narrow beam width generated by highly directional antennas reduces interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows a much larger number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and BSs operating in this band. This enables the use of advanced adaptive array techniques that can overcome range limitations.

[0039] - Large-scale MIMO technology

[0040] - Hologram beamforming (HBF)

[0041] - Optical wireless technology

[0042] - Free Space Optical Transmission Backhaul Network (FSO backhaul network)

[0043] - Quantum communication

[0044] - Cell-free communication

[0045] - Integration of wireless information and power transmission

[0046] - Integration of wireless communication and sensing

[0047] - Integrated access and backhaul network

[0048] - Big data analysis

[0049] - Reconfigurable intelligent metasurface

[0050] - Metaverse

[0051] - blockchain

[0052] - Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV): UAVs or drones will be a critical element in 6G wireless communication. In most cases, high-speed data wireless connectivity can be provided using UAV technology. Base station (BS) entities can be installed on UAVs to provide cellular connectivity. UAVs can possess specific features not found in fixed BS infrastructure, such as easy deployment, robust line-of-sight links, and controlled degrees of freedom for mobility. During emergencies, such as natural disasters, the deployment of ground communication infrastructure is not economically feasible, and sometimes services cannot be provided in volatile environments. UAVs can easily handle these situations. UAVs will become a new paradigm in the field of wireless communication. This technology facilitates the three fundamental requirements of wireless networks: eMBB, URLLC, and mMTC. UAVs can also support various purposes, such as enhancing network connectivity, fire detection, disaster emergency services, security and surveillance, pollution monitoring, parking monitoring, and accident monitoring. Therefore, UAV technology is recognized as one of the most critical technologies for 6G communication.

[0053] - Advanced Air Mobility (AAM): AAM is a higher-level concept than Urban Air Mobility (UAM), which refers to air transportation available in urban areas; it can refer to a means of transportation that includes movement between regional hubs as well as within the city center.

[0054] - Autonomous Driving (Self-Driving): V2X (Vehicle to Everything), a core element in building autonomous driving infrastructure, refers to technologies that enable vehicles to communicate and share with various elements on the road for autonomous driving, such as wireless communication between vehicles (Vehicle to Vehicle, V2V) and between vehicles and infrastructure (Vehicle to Infrastructure, V2I). Fast transmission speeds and low-latency technologies are essential to maximize autonomous driving performance and ensure high safety. Furthermore, future autonomous driving may go beyond merely delivering warning or guidance messages to the driver to actively intervene in vehicle operation and directly control the vehicle in dangerous situations. Since the amount of information to be transmitted and received may become massive for this purpose, it is expected that 6G will be able to maximize autonomous driving through faster transmission speeds and lower latency compared to 5G.

[0055] - Non-terrestrial networks (NTN): An NTN may represent a network or network segment that uses radio frequency (RF) resources mounted on a satellite (or unmanned aerial system (UAS) platform). FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a typical NTN scenario based on a transparent payload according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a typical NTN scenario based on a regenerative payload according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 3, the satellite (or UAS platform) may establish a service link with a UE. The satellite (or UAS platform) may be connected to a gateway via a feeder link. The satellite may be connected to a data network via the gateway. A beam footprint may refer to an area where signals transmitted by the satellite can be received. Referring to FIG. 4, a satellite (or UAS platform) can establish a service link with a UE. A satellite (or UAS platform) connected to a UE can be connected to another satellite (or UAS platform) via inter-satellite links (ISL). Another satellite (or UAS platform) can be connected to a gateway via a feeder link. Based on a replay payload, the satellite can be connected to a data network via another satellite and a gateway. If no ISL exists between the satellite and another satellite, a feeder link between the satellite and the gateway may be required. FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are merely examples of NTN scenarios, and NTN can be implemented based on various scenarios.For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) may implement a transparent or regenerative (with on-board processing) payload. For example, a satellite (or UAS platform) may generate multiple beams across a designated service area depending on the satellite's (or UAS platform's) field of view. For example, the satellite's (or UAS platform's) field of view may vary depending on the on-board antenna diagram and the minimum elevation angle. For example, a transparent payload may include radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification. Thus, the waveform signal repeated by the payload may not be altered. For example, a regenerative payload may include radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion and amplification, demodulation / decoding, switching and / or routing, and coding / modulation. For example, a regenerative payload may be substantially equivalent to carrying all or part of the base station functions on the satellite (or UAS platform).

[0056] - Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC): Radio sensing is a technology that uses radio frequencies to determine the instantaneous linear velocity, angle, and distance (range) of an object, thereby obtaining information about the characteristics of the environment and / or objects within the environment. Since radio frequency sensing capabilities do not require connecting to objects via devices within a network, they can provide services for object location determination without the need for devices. The ability to obtain range, velocity, and angle information from radio frequency signals can provide a wide range of new functions, such as various object detection, object recognition (e.g., vehicles, humans, animals, UAVs), and high-precision localization, tracking, and activity recognition. Radio sensing services can provide information to various industries (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicles, smart homes, V2X, factories, railways, public safety, etc.) that enable applications such as intruder detection, assisted vehicle steering and navigation, trajectory tracking, collision avoidance, traffic management, and health and traffic management. In some cases, radio sensing may utilize non-3GPP type sensors (e.g., radar, cameras) to further support 3GPP-based sensing. For example, the operation of a wireless sensing service, such as a sensing operation, may depend on the transmission, reflection, and scattering processing of wireless sensing signals. Thus, wireless sensing can provide an opportunity to enhance existing communication systems from communication networks to wireless communication and sensing networks. FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a sensing operation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 5 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Specifically, FIG. 5(a) illustrates an example of sensing using a sensing receiver and a sensing transmitter located at the same location (e.g., monostatic sensing), and FIG. 5(b) illustrates an example of sensing using separated sensing receivers and sensing transmitters (e.g., bistatic sensing).

[0057] The layers of the Radio Interface Protocol between a terminal and a network can be classified into L1 (Layer 1), L2 (Layer 2), and L3 (Layer 3) based on the lower three layers of the Open System Interconnection (OSI) model, which is widely known in communication systems. Among these, the Physical Layer, belonging to Layer 1, provides Information Transfer Services using a physical channel, while the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, located at Layer 3, performs the role of controlling radio resources between the terminal and the network. To this end, the RRC layer exchanges RRC messages between the terminal and the base station.

[0058] The physical layer provides information transmission services to upper layers using physical channels. The physical layer is connected to the upper layer, the MAC (Medium Access Control) layer, through a transport channel. Data travels between the MAC layer and the physical layer through the transport channel. Transport channels are classified according to how and with what characteristics data is transmitted through the wireless interface.

[0059] Data travels between different physical layers, for example, between the physical layers of a transmitter and a receiver, through a physical channel. This physical channel can be modulated using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and utilizes time and frequency as wireless resources.

[0060] The MAC layer provides services to the upper layer, the RLC (radio link control) layer, through logical channels. The MAC layer provides mapping functions from multiple logical channels to multiple transmission channels. Additionally, the MAC layer provides logical channel multiplexing functions through mapping from multiple logical channels to a single transmission channel. The MAC sublayer provides data transmission services over logical channels.

[0061] The RLC layer performs the concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC Service Data Units (SDUs). To guarantee the various Quality of Service (QoS) required by the Radio Bearer (RB), the RLC layer provides three operating modes: Transparent Mode (TM), Unacknowledged Mode (UM), and Acknowledged Mode (AM). AM RLC provides error correction through Automatic Repeat Requests (ARQ).

[0062] The RRC (Radio Resource Control) layer is defined only in the control plane. The RRC layer is responsible for controlling logical channels, transmission channels, and physical channels in relation to the configuration, reconfiguration, and release of wireless bearers. RB refers to the logical path provided by Layer 1 (physical layer or PHY layer) and Layer 2 (MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol) layer, SDAP (Service Data Adaptation Protocol) layer) for data transmission between a terminal and a network.

[0063] The functions of the PDCP layer in the user plane include the delivery of user data, header compression, and ciphering. The functions of the PDCP layer in the control plane include the delivery of control plane data and encryption / integrity protection.

[0064] The SDAP (Service Data Adaptation Protocol) layer is defined only in the user plane. The SDAP layer performs tasks such as mapping QoS flows between data radio bearers and marking QoS flow identifiers (IDs) within downlink and uplink packets.

[0065] The establishment of an RB refers to the process of defining the characteristics of the wireless protocol layer and channel to provide specific services, and setting their respective specific parameters and operating methods. RBs can be further divided into two types: SRBs (Signaling Radio Bearers) and DRBs (Data Radio Bearers). SRBs are used as a channel for transmitting RRC messages in the control plane, while DRBs are used as a channel for transmitting user data in the user plane.

[0066] When an RRC connection is established between the RRC layer of the terminal and the RRC layer of the base station, the terminal is in the RRC_CONNECTED state; otherwise, it is in the RRC_IDLE state. For NR, the RRC_INACTIVE state is additionally defined, and a terminal in the RRC_INACTIVE state maintains a connection with the core network while being able to release the connection with the base station.

[0067] Downlink transmission channels for transmitting data from a network to a terminal include a Broadcast Channel (BCH) for transmitting system information and a Shared Channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or control messages. Traffic or control messages for downlink multicast or broadcast services may be transmitted via the Shared Channel (SCH) or via a separate Multicast Channel (MCH). Meanwhile, uplink transmission channels for transmitting data from a terminal to a network include a Random Access Channel (RACH) for transmitting initial control messages and a Shared Channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic or control messages.

[0068] Logical channels that are above the transmission channel and mapped to the transmission channel include BCCH (Broadcast Control Channel), PCCH (Paging Control Channel), CCCH (Common Control Channel), MCCH (Multicast Control Channel), and MTCH (Multicast Traffic Channel).

[0069] Radio frames may be used for uplink and downlink transmission. Radio frames have a length of 10 ms and can be defined as two 5 ms half-frames (HF). A half-frame may contain five 1 ms subframes (SF). A subframe may be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots within a subframe may be determined by the subcarrier spacing (SCS). Each slot may contain 12 or 14 OFDM(A) symbols according to the cyclic prefix (CP).

[0070] When normal CP is used, each slot may contain 14 symbols. When extended CP is used, each slot may contain 12 symbols. Here, the symbols may include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols) and SC-FDMA (Single Carrier - FDMA) symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM) symbols).

[0071] Table 2 below shows the number of symbols per slot (N) according to the SCS setting (u) when Normal CP or Extended CP is used. slot symb ), number of slots per frame (N frame,u slot ) and the number of slots per subframe (N subframe,u slot ) exemplifies.

[0072] CP type SCS (15*2 u ) N slot symb N frame,u slot N subframe,u slot Normal CP 15kHz (u=0) 14 10 1 30kHz (u=1) 14 20 2 60kHz (u=2) 14 40 4 120kHz (u=3) 14 80 8 240kHz (u=4) 14 160 16 Expansion CP 60kHz (u=2) 12 40 4

[0073] FIG. 6 shows a slot structure of a frame according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 6 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0074] Referring to FIG. 6, the slot includes multiple symbols in the time domain.

[0075] A carrier includes multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. A Resource Block (RB) can be defined as multiple (e.g., 12) consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. A Bandwidth Part (BWP) can be defined as multiple consecutive (P)RBs ((Physical) Resource Blocks) in the frequency domain and can correspond to a single numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A carrier can include up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. Data communication can be performed through the active BWPs. Each element can be referred to as a Resource Element (RE) in a resource grid and can be mapped to a single complex symbol.

[0076] A Bandwidth Part (BWP) may be a continuous set of Physical Resource Blocks (PRB) in a given Numenology. A PRB may be selected from a continuous subset of Common Resource Blocks (CRB) for a given Numenology on a given carrier.

[0077] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 7 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. In the embodiment of FIG. 7, it is assumed that there are three BWPs.

[0078] Referring to FIG. 7, the common resource block (CRB) may be a numbered carrier resource block extending from one end of the carrier band to the other. And, the PRB may be a numbered resource block within each BWP. Point A may indicate a common reference point for the resource block grid.

[0079] BWP is point A, offset from point A (N startBWP ) and bandwidth (N size BWP It can be set by ). For example, point A may be an external reference point of the PRB of a carrier where the subcarrier 0 of all numerologies (e.g., all numerologies supported by the network in that carrier) is aligned. For example, offset may be the PRB interval between the lowest subcarrier in a given numerology and point A. For example, bandwidth may be the number of PRBs in a given numerology.

[0080] SLSS (Sidelink Synchronization Signal) is a sidelink-specific sequence and may include PSSS (Primary Sidelink Synchronization Signal) and SSSS (Secondary Sidelink Synchronization Signal). The PSSS may be referred to as S-PSS (Sidelink Primary Synchronization Signal), and the SSSS may be referred to as S-SSS (Sidelink Secondary Synchronization Signal). For example, length-127 M-sequences may be used for S-PSS, and length-127 Gold sequences may be used for S-SSS. For example, a terminal may use S-PSS to detect the initial signal and obtain synchronization. For example, a terminal may use S-PSS and S-SSSS to obtain detailed synchronization and detect the synchronization signal ID.

[0081] The PSBCH (Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel) may be a (broadcast) channel through which basic (system) information that the terminal must know first is transmitted before transmitting or receiving SL signals. For example, the basic information may include information related to SLSS, Duplex Mode (DM), TDD UL / DL (Time Division Duplex Uplink / Downlink) configuration, information related to resource pools, types of applications related to SLSS, subframe offsets, broadcast information, etc. For example, to evaluate PSBCH performance, in NR V2X, the payload size of the PSBCH may be 56 bits, including a 24-bit CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check).

[0082] S-PSS, S-SSS, and PSBCH may be included in a block format that supports periodic transmission (e.g., SL SS (Synchronization Signal) / PSBCH block, hereinafter S-SSB (Sidelink-Synchronization Signal Block)). The S-SSB may have the same numerology (e.g., SCS and CP lengths) as the PSCCH (Physical Sidelink Control Channel) / PSSCH (Physical Sidelink Shared Channel) within the carrier, and the transmission bandwidth may be within a (pre-)set SL BWP (Sidelink BWP). For example, the bandwidth of the S-SSB may be 11 RB (Resource Block). For example, the PSBCH may span 11 RB. Additionally, the frequency position of the S-SSB may be (pre-)set. Therefore, the terminal does not need to perform hypothesis detection at the frequency to discover the S-SSB in the carrier.

[0083] In this specification, PSCCH may be replaced with a control channel, a physical control channel, a control channel associated with a side link, a physical control channel associated with a side link, etc. In this specification, PSSCH may be replaced with a shared channel, a physical shared channel, a shared channel associated with a side link, a physical shared channel associated with a side link, etc.

[0084] FIG. 8 illustrates a procedure in which a terminal performs V2X or SL communication according to a resource allocation mode, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 8 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0085] Referring to FIG. 8(a), in resource allocation mode 1, the base station may schedule SL resources to be used by the terminal for SL transmission. For example, in step S800, the base station may transmit information related to SL resources and / or information related to UL resources to the first terminal. For example, the UL resources may include PUCCH resources and / or PUSCH resources. For example, the UL resources may be resources for reporting SL HARQ feedback to the base station.

[0086] For example, the first terminal may receive information related to a dynamic grant (DG) resource and / or information related to a configured grant (CG) resource from the base station. For example, the CG resource may include a CG type 1 resource or a CG type 2 resource. In this specification, the DG resource may be a resource that the base station sets / assigns to the first terminal via downlink control information (DCI). In this specification, the CG resource may be a (periodic) resource that the base station sets / assigns to the first terminal via DCI and / or RRC messages. For example, in the case of a CG type 1 resource, the base station may transmit an RRC message containing information related to the CG resource to the first terminal. For example, in the case of a CG type 2 resource, the base station may transmit an RRC message containing information related to the CG resource to the first terminal, and the base station may transmit DCI related to the activation or release of the CG resource to the first terminal.

[0087] In step S810, the first terminal may transmit a PSCCH (e.g., Sidelink Control Information or 1st-stage SCI) to the second terminal based on the resource scheduling. In step S820, the first terminal may transmit a PSSCH (e.g., 2nd-stage SCI, MAC PDU, data, etc.) associated with the PSCCH to the second terminal. In step S830, the first terminal may receive a PSFCH associated with the PSCCH / PSSCH from the second terminal. For example, HARQ feedback information (e.g., NACK information or ACK information) may be received from the second terminal via the PSFCH. In step S840, the first terminal may transmit / report the HARQ feedback information to the base station via a PUCCH or PUSCH. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station may be information generated by the first terminal based on HARQ feedback information received from the second terminal. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station may be information generated by the first terminal based on a pre-set rule. For example, the DCI may be a DCI for scheduling SL.

[0088] Referring to FIG. 8(b), in resource allocation mode 2, the terminal can determine an SL transmission resource within an SL resource set by the base station / network or a preset SL resource. For example, the set SL resource or the preset SL resource may be a resource pool. For example, the terminal may autonomously select or schedule a resource for SL transmission. For example, the terminal may perform SL communication by independently selecting a resource within the set resource pool. For example, the terminal may independently select a resource within a selection window by performing a sensing and resource (re)selection procedure. For example, the sensing may be performed on a subchannel basis. For example, in step S810, the first terminal, which independently selected a resource within the resource pool, uses the resource to [transmit] PSCCH (e.g., SCI (Sidelink Control Information) or 1 st -stage SCI) can be transmitted to the second terminal. In step S820, the first terminal transmits the PSSCH associated with the PSCCH (e.g., 2 nd -stage SCI, MAC PDU, data, etc.) can be transmitted to the second terminal. In step S830, the first terminal can receive PSFCH associated with PSCCH / PSSCH from the second terminal.

[0089] Referring to FIG. 8(a) or (b), for example, the first terminal may transmit an SCI to the second terminal over the PSCCH. Or, for example, the first terminal may transmit two consecutive SCIs (e.g., 2-stage SCIs) to the second terminal over the PSCCH and / or PSSCH. In this case, the second terminal may decode the two consecutive SCIs (e.g., 2-stage SCIs) to receive the PSSCH from the first terminal. In this specification, the SCI transmitted over the PSCCH is 1 st SCI, 1st SCI, 1st -stage SCI or 1 st It can be called a -stage SCI format, and the SCI transmitted over PSSCH is 2 nd SCI, 2nd SCI, 2 nd -stage SCI or 2 nd It can be called a -stage SCI format.

[0090] Referring to FIG. 8 (a) or (b), in step S830, the first terminal can receive PSFCH. For example, the first terminal and the second terminal can determine a PSFCH resource, and the second terminal can use the PSFCH resource to transmit HARQ feedback to the first terminal.

[0091] Referring to FIG. 8(a), in step S840, the first terminal can transmit SL HARQ feedback to the base station via PUCCH and / or PUSCH.

[0092] Recently, the introduction of (future) air mobility systems (e.g., AAM; advanced air mobility) encompassing urban air mobility (UAM), regional air mobility (RAM), and unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) is being actively discussed.

[0093] For example, air mobility (e.g., AAM) may refer to urban air based on means of transportation such as air taxis that support vertical take-off and landing. For example, air mobility (e.g., AAM) may refer to a means of transportation (or a terminal mounted thereon) capable of vertical movement and capable of communicating (or equipped with a device capable of communicating).

[0094] Here, measures to support new mobile communication scenarios based on the support of the aforementioned air mobility (e.g., AAM) are also being actively discussed. For instance, new scenarios such as air-to-ground communication, where an airborne terminal communicates with a ground base station, and air-to-air communication, where an airborne terminal communicates with another airborne terminal, may be newly introduced.

[0095] Here, a new type of interference environment may occur depending on the scenario of the above-mentioned air-to-ground communication and / or air-to-air communication. For example, a terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL (uplink) communication) signal transmitted by an air terminal to a (ground) base station (or cell) may act as terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL communication) interference to other (ground) base station (or cell)(s) other than the (ground) base station (or cell) serving the air terminal (e.g., air-to-ground interference). For example, a terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL communication) signal transmitted by an air terminal to a (ground) base station (or cell) may cause terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL communication) interference to other (ground) base station (or cell)(s) other than the (ground) base station (or cell) serving the air terminal (e.g., air-to-ground interference). For example, a terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL communication) signal transmitted by an air terminal to a (ground) base station (or cell) may be terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL communication) interference to other (ground) base station (or cell)(s) other than the (ground) base station (or cell) serving the air terminal (e.g., air-to-ground interference).

[0096] Alternatively, for example, a base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., DL (downlink) communication) signal transmitted by a (ground) base station (or cell) to an airborne terminal and / or ground terminal may act as base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., DL communication) interference to other airborne terminals other than the terminal serviced by said (ground) base station (or cell) (e.g., ground-to-air interference). For example, a base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., DL communication) signal transmitted by a (ground) base station (or cell) to an airborne terminal and / or ground terminal may cause base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., DL communication) interference to other airborne terminals other than the terminal serviced by said (ground) base station (or cell) (e.g., ground-to-air interference). For example, a base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., DL communication) signal transmitted by a (ground) base station (or cell) to an airborne terminal and / or a ground terminal may be base station-to-terminal communication (e.g., DL communication) interference to other airborne terminals other than the terminal serviced by the (ground) base station (or cell) (e.g., ground-to-air interference).

[0097] Here, in order to mitigate the above interference effects, it may be necessary to control the transmission power of the terminal in a three-dimensional space that includes the air (or vertical direction). Accordingly, the present disclosure proposes a method and apparatus for controlling the transmission power of an air terminal that considers interference effects to the air and / or the ground.

[0098] In the following, "transmitting a resource" may mean performing a transmission through (or using) the related resource. And / or, in the following, "transmitting a resource" may mean transmitting information about the related resource.

[0099] [Proposal #01]

[0100] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a base station (or network) sets (independent) (maximum) transmission power for a terminal based on (terminal's) altitude, path, movement (acceleration / direction), and / or beam direction, and the terminal can perform a power control process based on (independent) (maximum) transmission power for (terminal's) altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction according to the settings and / or instructions of the base station (or network).

[0101] Here, the terminal may be a terminal for a specific service and / or a terminal of a specific type. For example, the terminal may refer to a terminal capable of flying in the air (or capable of moving in a vertical direction), such as a UAV.

[0102] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (ground) base station (or network) provides services to an aerial terminal (e.g., UAV) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the aerial terminal may take off from the ground and move through the air. Alternatively, the aerial terminal may be mounted on an object that takes off from the ground and moves through the air. For example, the aerial terminal may include a UAV terminal, etc., and may fly (or move) along a path that includes the ground and / or the air. Here, a method may be considered in which the transmission power control process for the aerial terminal (or to be performed by the aerial terminal) is operated separately according to attributes of the aerial terminal, such as altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction, etc.

[0103] For example, the transmission power control process may be operated (or performed) differently depending on the altitude of the aerial terminal. For example, if the altitude of the aerial terminal is lower (than a threshold), the environment may correspond to a ground-to-ground communication environment, and the same transmission power control process as that of the ground terminal may be applied to the aerial terminal. For example, if the altitude of the aerial terminal is higher (than a threshold), the environment may correspond to an aerial-to-ground communication environment, and a transmission power control process different from that of the ground terminal may be applied to the aerial terminal.

[0104] For example, the maximum transmission power of an aerial terminal by altitude (e.g., P CMAX and / or a configured maximum output power, etc., may be set. For example, when the altitude of the air terminal is lower (than a threshold value), the maximum transmission power may be set relatively higher (than a reference value, or than when the altitude is higher (than the threshold value), and when the altitude of the air terminal is higher (than the threshold value), the maximum transmission power may be set relatively lower (than a reference value, or than when the altitude is lower (than the threshold value). Here, the impact of air-to-ground interference may be mitigated through the constraint on the maximum transmission power at the high altitude.

[0105] Accordingly, the present disclosure proposes a method in which a base station (or network) sets a maximum transmission power (independent) for a terminal based on its altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction, and the terminal performs a power control process based on the maximum transmission power (independent) based on the altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction according to the setting / instruction of the base station (or network).

[0106] For example, according to the proposed method of the present disclosure, there may be an advantage in that interference effects on the ground and / or air can be controlled by setting the maximum transmission power for each altitude, path, movement (a)acceleration / direction, and / or beam direction (of the terminal).

[0107] FIG. 9 shows a maximum transmission power that is set differently depending on the altitude range of the terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 9 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0108] Referring to FIG. 9, a UAV terminal described as an aerial terminal in the present disclosure is shown. Since the UAV terminal can move in a vertical direction, the altitude of the UAV terminal may be included in a first altitude range or a second altitude range distinguished by a critical altitude.

[0109] For example, if the altitude of the UAV terminal falls within a first altitude range, the maximum transmission power of the UAV terminal may be set to P1. For example, if the altitude of the UAV terminal falls within a second altitude range, the maximum transmission power of the UAV terminal may be set to P2. For example, P2 may be lower than P1.

[0110] For example, the maximum transmission power according to the altitude of the UAV terminal can be set by the base station.

[0111] In this embodiment, the maximum transmission power was distinguished only according to the altitude of the terminal, but according to other embodiments, the altitude of the terminal may be extended according to the path, movement (a)acceleration / direction, and / or beam direction of the terminal. For example, in this embodiment, the altitude range was divided into only two, but the altitude range may be extended to three or more.

[0112] The above [Proposal #01] may be applied in combination with other proposed methods to the extent that the operation of the initiation does not conflict.

[0113] [Proposal #02]

[0114] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a base station (or network) sets a reference signal for path loss measurement and / or path loss measurement (independent) for altitude, path, movement (acceleration / direction), and / or beam direction to a terminal, and the terminal can perform a (transmission) power control process based on the reference signal for path loss measurement and (independent) path loss measurement and / or path loss measurement (independent) for altitude, path, movement (acceleration / direction), and / or beam direction according to the setting and / or instructions of the base station (or network).

[0115] Here, the base station may transmit to the terminal range information regarding the altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction to distinguish path loss measurements. For example, the base station may transmit to the terminal information related to the ranges regarding the altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction (boundary values ​​for each range, indices associated with each range, etc.) to distinguish path loss measurements.

[0116] Here, the terminal may be a terminal for a specific service and / or a terminal of a specific type. For example, the terminal may refer to a terminal capable of flying in the air (or capable of moving in a vertical direction), such as a UAV.

[0117] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (ground) base station (or network) provides services to an aerial terminal (e.g., UAV) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the aerial terminal may take off from the ground and move through the air. For example, the aerial terminal may include a UAV terminal, etc., and may fly (or move) along a path that includes the ground and / or the air. Here, a method may be considered in which the transmission power control process for the aerial terminal is operated separately according to attributes of the aerial terminal, such as altitude, path, (transfer) acceleration / direction, and / or beam direction, etc.

[0118] For example, the transmission power control process may be operated (or performed) differently depending on the altitude. For example, if the altitude of the aerial terminal is lower (than a threshold value), the environment may correspond to a ground-to-ground communication environment, and the same transmission power control process as that of the ground terminal may be applied (or performed) at the aerial terminal. For example, if the altitude of the aerial terminal is higher (than a threshold value), the environment may correspond to an aerial-to-ground communication environment, and a transmission power control process different from that of the ground terminal may be applied (or performed) at the aerial terminal.

[0119] Here, in order to operate the transmission power control process, corresponding path loss measurement may be presupposed. Therefore, in order to support the transmission power control process for the altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction of the above (terminal), path loss measurement for the altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction of the above (terminal) may be supported.

[0120] For example, if the transmission power control process by altitude is operated (or performed) independently, the path loss by altitude between the base station (or network) and the terminal must be measurable. Here, the path loss measurements by altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction of the terminal may be measured using the same reference signal resource for path loss measurement, or may be measured using (different) reference signals for path loss measurement by altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction of the terminal.

[0121] For example, in the former case, the terminal may use the same reference signal for path loss measurement, but may perform path loss measurements separately for altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction.

[0122] Accordingly, the present disclosure proposes a method in which a base station (or network) sets a reference signal for measuring (independent) path loss and / or path loss for (independent)

[0123] According to the proposed method of the present disclosure above, by setting a path loss measurement and / or a reference signal for path loss measurement by altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction, a transmission power control process by altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction of the terminal is supported, and thereby there is an advantage that interference effects to the ground and / or air can be controlled.

[0124] The above [Proposal #02] may be applied in combination with other proposed methods to the extent that the operation of the initiation does not conflict.

[0125] [Proposal #03]

[0126] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a base station (or network) sets (independent) sounding reference signal resources for (terminal) altitude, path, movement (acceleration / direction), and / or beam direction to a terminal, and the terminal can transmit (independent) sounding reference signal resources for (terminal) altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction according to the settings and / or instructions of the base station (or network).

[0127] Here, the terminal may be a terminal for a specific service and / or a terminal of a specific type. For example, the terminal may refer to a terminal capable of flying in the air (or capable of moving in a vertical direction), such as a UAV.

[0128] Here, the (independent) sounding reference signal resources for the altitude, path, movement (acceleration / direction), and / or beam direction of the (terminal) may be resources that are distinct from each other in the time domain, frequency domain, code domain, and / or sequence domain.

[0129] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (ground) base station (or network) provides services to an aerial terminal (e.g., UAV) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the aerial terminal may take off from the ground and move through the air. For example, the aerial terminal may be a UAV terminal, etc., and may fly (or move) along a path that includes the ground and / or the air. Here, a method may be considered to operate the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL (uplink) communication) channel measurement process for the aerial terminal by classifying it according to attributes of the aerial terminal, such as altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction.

[0130] Here, the transmission of a sounding reference signal (SRS) may be prerequisite for the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL (uplink) communication) channel measurement process. Therefore, in order to support the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL (uplink) communication) channel measurement process for each altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction, the transmission of a sounding reference signal for each altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction may be supported. For example, if the terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL (uplink) communication) channel measurement process for each altitude is operated (or performed) independently, the terminal may need to be able to transmit an altitude-specific sounding reference signal resource.

[0131] Accordingly, the present disclosure proposes a method in which a base station (or network) sets (independent) sounding reference signals for a terminal based on (terminal's) altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction, and the terminal performs transmission of (independent) sounding reference signals based on (terminal's) altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction according to the setting / instruction of the base station (or network). According to the proposed method of the present disclosure, search for optimal terminal-to-base station communication (e.g., UL communication) based on (terminal's) altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction during air-to-ground communication may be supported.

[0132] FIG. 10 illustrates a sounding reference signal resource set according to the altitude of a terminal, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 10 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0133] Referring to FIG. 10, a UAV terminal described as an aerial terminal in the present disclosure is shown. Since the UAV terminal can move in a vertical direction, the altitude of the UAV terminal may be included in a first altitude range or a second altitude range distinguished by a critical altitude.

[0134] For example, if the altitude of the UAV terminal falls within a first altitude range, the resource to be used by the UAV terminal to transmit a sounding reference signal (e.g., SRS) may be a first reference signal resource. For example, if the altitude of the UAV terminal falls within a second altitude range, the resource to be used by the UAV terminal to transmit a sounding reference signal (e.g., SRS) may be a second reference signal resource. For example, the first reference signal resource and the second reference signal resource may be different.

[0135] For example, a sounding reference signal (e.g., SRS) resource that is configured differently depending on the altitude of the UAV terminal can be configured by a base station.

[0136] In this embodiment, reference signal resources for transmitting sounding reference signals (e.g., SRS) are distinguished only according to the altitude of the terminal, but according to other embodiments, the altitude of the terminal may be extended to the path, movement ()acceleration / direction, and / or beam direction of the terminal. For example, in this embodiment, the altitude range is divided into only two, but the altitude range may be extended to three or more.

[0137] The above [Proposal #03] may be applied in combination with other proposed methods to the extent that the operation of the initiation does not conflict.

[0138] [Proposal #04]

[0139] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method may be provided in which a base station (or network) sets an (independent) open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) formula and / or parameters for the (terminal's) altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction, and the terminal performs a (transmission) power control process based on the (independent) open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) formula and / or parameters for the (terminal's) altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction according to the base station (or network) setting and / or instructions.

[0140] Here, the terminal may be a terminal for a specific service and / or a terminal of a specific type. For example, the terminal may refer to a terminal capable of flying in the air (or capable of moving in a vertical direction), such as a UAV.

[0141] Here, the open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) parameters may include reference signal transmission power, target reception power, and / or path loss compensation coefficients, etc.

[0142] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (ground) base station (or network) provides services to an aerial terminal (e.g., UAV) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the aerial terminal may take off from the ground and move through the air. For example, the aerial terminal may be a UAV terminal, etc., and may fly (or move) along a path that includes the ground and / or the air. Here, a method may be considered to operate the transmission power control process for the aerial terminal by classifying it according to attributes of the aerial terminal, such as altitude, path, (terminal) acceleration / direction of movement, and / or beam direction, etc.

[0143] For example, the transmission power control process may be operated (or performed) differently depending on the altitude. For example, if the altitude of the aerial terminal is lower (than a threshold value), the environment may correspond to a ground-to-ground communication environment, and the same transmission power control process as that of the ground terminal may be applied (or performed). For example, if the altitude of the aerial terminal is higher (than a threshold value), the environment may correspond to an aerial-to-ground communication environment, and a transmission power control process different from that of the ground terminal may be applied (or performed).

[0144] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) formulas and / or parameters may be set according to altitude. For example, when the altitude of the aerial terminal is lower (than a threshold value), the open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) formulas and / or parameters applied to the ground terminal may be applied in the same way (at the aerial terminal). For example, when the altitude of the aerial terminal is higher (than a threshold value), a formula and / or parameters different from the open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) formulas and / or parameters applied to the ground terminal may be applied (at the aerial terminal).

[0145] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when the altitude of the air terminal is higher (than a threshold value), for the purpose of limiting interference effects due to the line of sight (LOS) channel environment (characterized by the number of cells securing LOS increasing as the altitude of the air terminal increases), a specific path loss value (e.g., PL) corresponding to a specific distance and / or radius is used. TH ) After that (for example, the path loss value PL TH In cases where it is equal to or higher than that, an open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) formula may be provided (or applied) in a form where the reduction rate of the transmission power increases.

[0146] Alternatively, for example, in the above case, the transmission power may be constrained to be reduced at high altitudes by changing the reference signal transmission power, target reception power, and / or path loss compensation coefficient among the open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) parameters. For example, if the path loss measured by the terminal is greater than a path loss threshold corresponding to a specific radius (or set for a specific radius), the transmission power control process may be operated (or set) so that the transmission power is set to 0 or a (pre)set and / or (pre) agreed-upon minimum transmission power value. Here, the path loss threshold may be pre-agreed or (pre)set by the base station (or network).

[0147] Accordingly, the present disclosure proposes a method in which a base station (or network) sets (independent) open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) formulas and / or parameters for (terminal) altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction for a terminal, and the terminal performs a power control process based on (independent) open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) formulas and / or parameters for (terminal) altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction according to the settings / instructions of the base station (or network).

[0148] For example, according to the proposed method of the present disclosure, by adjusting the altitude, path, movement (a) acceleration / direction, and / or beam direction of the open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) formula and / or parameters, the effect of mitigating interference effects to the air and / or ground may occur.

[0149] FIG. 11 shows open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) formulas and parameters that are set differently depending on the altitude range of the terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 11 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0150] Referring to FIG. 11, a UAV terminal described as an aerial terminal in the present disclosure is shown. Since the UAV terminal can move in a vertical direction, the altitude of the UAV terminal may be included in a first altitude range or a second altitude range distinguished by a critical altitude.

[0151] For example, if the altitude of the UAV terminal is included in the first altitude range, the UAV terminal can determine the transmission power based on the first open-loop power control formula using P0(1) and α(1). For example, according to the first open-loop power control formula, the transmission power may include "P0(1) + α(1) * path loss".

[0152] For example, if the altitude of the UAV terminal falls within the second altitude range, the UAV terminal can determine the transmission power based on the second open-loop power control formula using P0(2) and α(2). For example, according to the second open-loop power control formula, the transmission power may include "P0(2) + α(2) * path loss".

[0153] For example, the open-loop power control formula applied according to the altitude of the UAV terminal and the coefficients that can be applied thereto can be set by the base station.

[0154] In this embodiment, the open-loop power control formula and related parameters were distinguished only according to the altitude of the terminal, but according to other embodiments, the altitude of the terminal may be extended to the path, movement ()acceleration / direction, and / or beam direction of the terminal. For example, in this embodiment, the altitude range was divided into only two, but the altitude range may be extended to three or more.

[0155] The above [Proposal #04] may be applied in combination with other proposed methods to the extent that the operation of the initiation does not conflict.

[0156] [Proposal #05]

[0157] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a base station (or network) sets up (independent) (transmission) power control processes for a terminal based on (terminal) altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction and / or beam direction, and / or transmits one or more of the following information as related setting information.

[0158] (1) Information regarding whether a (transmission) power control process is applied based on the (terminal's) altitude, path, (transmission) acceleration / direction, and / or beam direction. For example, information regarding whether a (specific) (transmission) power control process is applied based on the (terminal's) altitude, path, (transmission) acceleration / direction, and / or beam direction.

[0159] (2) Identification information for (transmission) power control processes by (terminal) elevation, path, (transmission) acceleration / direction, and / or beam direction. For example, information related to identification information for (specific) (transmission) power control processes to be applied by (terminal) elevation, path, (transmission) acceleration / direction, and / or beam direction. For example, the (transmission) power control process may be associated with specific identification information depending on the process.

[0160] Here, the terminal can perform an altitude and / or path-specific (independent) power control process according to the base station (or network) settings.

[0161] Here, the terminal may be a terminal for a specific service and / or a terminal of a specific type. For example, the terminal may refer to a terminal capable of flying in the air (or capable of moving in a vertical direction), such as a UAV.

[0162] Here, if a (transmission) power control process for a specific (terminal) altitude, path, movement (a)acceleration / direction, and / or beam direction is not specified for the terminal, the terminal may apply (or perform) a (transmission) power control process specified as a pre-agreed and / or default option.

[0163] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (ground) base station (or network) provides services to an aerial terminal (e.g., UAV) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the aerial terminal may take off from the ground and move through the air. For example, the aerial terminal may be a UAV terminal, etc., and may fly (or move) along a path that includes the ground and / or the air. Here, a method may be considered to operate the transmission power control process for the aerial terminal (or to be used for the transmission operation of the aerial terminal) by classifying it according to attributes of the aerial terminal, such as altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction, etc.

[0164] Here, the base station (or network) may inform the terminal of the (terminal's) altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or whether to apply (independent) transmission power control processes by beam direction. For example, the base station (or network) may set a single transmission power control process that does not distinguish altitude to the terminal, or set an (independent) transmission power control process by altitude.

[0165] Here, for example, a base station (or network) may transmit to a terminal identification information for identifying transmission power control processes by altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction. For example, the base station (or network) transmits an altitude-specific transmission power control identifier to the terminal, and the terminal may apply (or perform) a transmission power control process corresponding to the transmission power control identifier specified by (or associated with) that altitude, in accordance with altitude information it has measured and / or reported.

[0166] Here, for example, if the terminal is not assigned a (transmission) power control process for a specific altitude, the terminal may apply (or perform) a (transmission) power control process that is pre-agreed upon with the base station (or network) and / or specified as a default option.

[0167] For example, according to the proposed method of the present disclosure, (independent) (transmission) power control processes between a base station (or network) and a terminal can be clearly identified and operated (or performed) according to the (terminal's) altitude, path, movement (acceleration / direction), and / or beam direction.

[0168] FIG. 12 illustrates a transmission power control procedure that is set differently depending on the altitude range of a terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 12 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0169] Referring to FIG. 12, a UAV terminal described as an aerial terminal in the present disclosure is shown. Since the UAV terminal can move in a vertical direction, the altitude of the UAV terminal may be included in a first altitude range or a second altitude range distinguished by a critical altitude.

[0170] For example, if the altitude of the UAV terminal is included in a first altitude range, the UAV terminal may perform a power control operation based on a power control procedure specifically set for the first altitude range. For example, if the altitude of the UAV terminal is included in a second altitude range, the UAV terminal may perform a power control operation based on a power control procedure specifically set for the second altitude range. For example, the power control procedure specifically set for the first altitude range and the power control procedure specifically set for the second altitude range may be different.

[0171] For example, power control procedures specifically set for each altitude range to which the altitude of the UAV terminal may belong can be set by the base station.

[0172] In this embodiment, the power control procedure is distinguished only according to the altitude of the terminal, but according to other embodiments, the altitude of the terminal may be extended to the path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction of the terminal. For example, in this embodiment, the altitude range is divided into only two, but the altitude range may be extended to three or more.

[0173] The above [Proposal #05] may be applied in combination with other proposed methods to the extent that the operation of the initiation does not conflict.

[0174] [Proposal #06]

[0175] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a multipath loss measurement-based (transmission) power control method may be provided, wherein a base station (or network) sets a plurality of reference signal resource(s) for measuring path loss for a (single) (transmission) power control process for a terminal, the terminal derives a corresponding target (transmission) power and / or maximum (transmission) power for each path loss, and determines a final transmission power based on the plurality of target (transmission) powers and / or maximum (transmission) powers according to the setting and / or instructions of the base station (or network).

[0176] Here, the terminal may determine the final (transmission) power based on the target (transmission) power(s) and / or maximum (transmission) power(s) using one or more of the following (or through one or more, or using one or more).

[0177] (1) Minimum value of target (transmission) power(s) and / or maximum (transmission) power(s)

[0178] (2) Maximum value of target (transmission) power(s) and / or maximum (transmission) power(s)

[0179] (3) Average value of target (transmission) power(s) and / or maximum (transmission) power(s)

[0180] Here, the base station (or network) can set whether to apply a multipath loss measurement-based power control method to the terminal. For example, the multipath loss measurement-based power control method can be set independently for the (terminal's) altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction.

[0181] Here, the base station (or network) may set (independent) open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) formulas and / or parameters for each path loss to derive the target (transmission) power and / or maximum (transmission) power corresponding to each path loss for the terminal. For example, for path loss with a serving cell, open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) formulas and / or parameters considering reception performance may be set, and for path loss with an adjacent cell, open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) formulas and / or parameters considering interference effects may be set. Here, the open-loop power control (e.g., OLPC) parameters may include reference signal transmission power, target reception power, and / or path loss compensation coefficients, etc.

[0182] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (ground) base station (or network) provides services to an aerial terminal (e.g., UAV) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the aerial terminal may take off from the ground and move through the air. For example, the aerial terminal may be a UAV terminal, etc., and may fly (or move) along a path that includes the ground and / or the air.

[0183] Here, for example, when the above air terminal flies at an altitude above a certain level, depending on the characteristics of the LOS channel environment (a feature in which the number of cells with LOS secured increases as the height of the air terminal increases), the signal transmitted by the said air terminal may act as interference, cause interference, or be interference to several adjacent cell(s) other than the serving cell.

[0184] Here, the base station (or network) may be configured to apply (or perform) a (transmission) power control process to the public terminal based on multipath loss measurements for (potential) multiple links that may be affected by the terminal. For example, the base station (or network) may be configured to measure the path loss with the serving cell (hereinafter referred to as the first path loss) and / or the path loss with adjacent cell(s) (hereinafter referred to as the second path loss).

[0185] Here, the terminal can derive a transmission power target value (in terms of reception performance) based on the first path loss and derive a transmission power constraint (e.g., a transmission power upper limit) based on the second path loss. Here, the terminal can determine the final transmission power by considering both the transmission power target value and the transmission power constraint (e.g., a transmission power upper limit). For example, the terminal can select a transmission power corresponding to the minimum value between the transmission power target value and the transmission power constraint (e.g., a transmission power upper limit).

[0186] For example, according to the proposed method of the present disclosure, a transmission power setting that considers both the transmission performance to the serving cell and the interference effect to adjacent cell(s) can be supported.

[0187] FIG. 13 illustrates a power control process based on multipath loss measurement according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 13 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0188] Referring to FIG. 13, a UAV terminal described as an aerial terminal in the present disclosure is shown. The UAV terminal may be a terminal that receives serving from a first cell.

[0189] For example, the UAV terminal may transmit a reference signal to each cell to measure path loss in order to perform a power control process based on multipath loss measurement. For example, the path loss between the UAV terminal and the first cell may be PL1. For example, the path loss between the UAV terminal and the second cell may be PL2. For example, the path loss between the UAV terminal and the third cell may be PL3.

[0190] For example, the target transmission power for PL1 can be determined as P1. For example, the target transmission power for PL2 can be determined as P2. For example, the target transmission power for PL3 can be determined as P3.

[0191] Here, the UAV terminal can determine the minimum value among the target transmission powers for PL1 to PL3 as the final transmission power and perform a transmission operation based on this.

[0192] The above [Proposal #06] may be applied in combination with other proposed methods to the extent that the operation of the initiation does not conflict.

[0193] [Proposal #07]

[0194] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method may be provided in which a base station (or network) sets a (maximum) transmission power for each interference strength to a terminal, and the terminal applies the (maximum) transmission power for each interference strength according to the base station (or network) setting.

[0195] Here, the terminal can determine the (actual) transmission power according to a (pre-)agreed and / or set power control process with the base station (or network) within the finally determined (maximum) transmission power.

[0196] Here, for example, the interference intensity may be measured at a base station (or network) and then transmitted to the terminal, or the terminal may directly measure the interference intensity through a sensing process. For example, the interference intensity may refer to the intensity of interference that an airborne terminal exerts (or exerts) on a ground terminal and / or a ground base station.

[0197] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (ground) base station (or network) provides services to an aerial terminal (e.g., UAV) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the aerial terminal may take off from the ground and move through the air. For example, the aerial terminal may be a UAV terminal, etc., and may fly (or move) along a path that includes the ground and / or the air.

[0198] Here, the above-mentioned air terminal can measure the interference strength from a ground terminal and / or a ground base station and control the transmission power according to the interference strength. For example, a base station (or network) can set the (maximum) transmission power for each interference strength to the terminal, and the terminal can apply the (maximum) transmission power for each interference strength according to the setting of the base station (or network).

[0199] Here, for example, the terminal can transmit a signal at the (actual) transmission power according to the power control process within the above (maximum) transmission power. Here, if the terminal does not receive the (maximum) transmission power value for each interference strength through the base station (or network) settings, it may apply a preset and / or pre-agreed value.

[0200] For example, according to the proposed method of the present disclosure, (maximum) transmission power control based on channel congestion, etc., may be supported, thereby mitigating interference effects to the air and / or ground.

[0201] The above [Proposal #07] may be applied in combination with other proposed methods to the extent that the operation of the initiation does not conflict.

[0202] [Proposal #08]

[0203] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method may be provided in which a base station (or network) allows a terminal to measure distance-based path loss when measuring path loss for a specific path, and the terminal performs distance-based path loss measurement and / or calculation according to the settings and / or instructions of the base station (or network).

[0204] Here, for example, the distance-based path loss measurement and / or calculation may be a path loss measurement and / or calculation method that utilizes the locations of nodes associated with the path, distances between nodes, and / or some measurement results for the path.

[0205] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (ground) base station (or network) provides services to an aerial terminal (e.g., UAV) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the aerial terminal may take off from the ground and move through the air. For example, the aerial terminal may be a UAV terminal, etc., and may fly (or move) along a path that includes the ground and / or the air.

[0206] Here, when the above-mentioned air terminal performs path loss measurement for a specific path for purposes such as transmission power control, it can generally measure path loss using a reference signal resource for path loss measurement. Here, when the above-mentioned air terminal flies above a certain altitude, due to the LOS channel environment (a characteristic where the number of cells with LOS increases as the altitude of the air terminal increases), there may be a very large number of cell(s) affected by interference from the terminal's signal transmission.

[0207] Accordingly, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a terminal can measure the path loss for multiple path(s) with the cell(s) and then perform (transmission) power control utilizing said multiple path loss information. For example, the public terminal can perform transmission power control that considers both the reception performance in the serving cell and the interference effects in adjacent cells by utilizing the multiple path loss information.

[0208] Here, for example, the process of a terminal measuring the path loss for each path across multiple paths can be burdensome to the terminal in terms of computation and complexity. However, if the public terminal's channel environment is assumed to be a Line of Sight (LOS) channel environment, the degree of path loss can be predicted based on distance; therefore, path loss for some paths can be replaced by distance-based path loss calculation and / or measurement.

[0209] According to the proposed method of the present disclosure, path loss between a public terminal and a cell(s) having an LOS channel environment can be predicted with low cost and / or low complexity, thereby supporting a transmission power control process that takes into account both reception performance and / or interference effects.

[0210] The above [Proposal #08] may be applied in combination with other proposed methods to the extent that the operation of the initiation does not conflict.

[0211] [Proposal #09]

[0212] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method may be provided for performing (independent) interference information exchange between a base station (or network) and a terminal and / or between terminals, wherein the (terminal's) altitude, path, movement (acceleration / direction), and / or beam direction, and wherein the interference information includes at least one of the following information.

[0213] (1) RNTP(Relative Narrowband TX Power)

[0214] (2) HII (High-Interference Indicator)

[0215] (3) OI(Overload Indicator)

[0216] (4) Time and / or frequency resource information using high transmission power

[0217] (5) Time and / or frequency resource information subject to high interference

[0218] (6) Transmission power information by time and / or frequency resource

[0219] (7) Information on (measured) interference magnitudes by time and / or frequency resource

[0220] Here, the high and low of the transmission power and / or interference may be based on (pre)agreed and / or (pre)set threshold values. For example, given a specific threshold value, the case where the transmission power and / or interference is higher than that threshold value may be defined as 'high', and the case where it is lower than that threshold value may be defined as 'low'.

[0221] For example, a high transmission power and / or interference may mean that the transmission power and / or interference is higher than a (pre) promised and / or (pre) set threshold, and a low transmission power and / or interference may mean that the transmission power and / or interference is lower than a (pre) promised and / or (pre) set threshold.

[0222] For example, in a next-generation mobile communication system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, assuming that a (ground) base station (or network) provides services to an aerial terminal (e.g., UAV) and / or a ground terminal (e.g., handheld device), the aerial terminal may take off from the ground and move through the air. For example, the aerial terminal may be a UAV terminal, etc., and may fly (or move) along a path that includes the ground and / or the air.

[0223] Here, in the above-mentioned aerial environment, the interference pattern / environment experienced by the terminal may vary depending on the (terminal's) altitude, path, movement (acceleration) / direction, and / or beam direction. For example, if the aerial terminal is located at a low altitude, it may be significantly affected by interference from ground service base station(s), and if the aerial terminal is located at a high altitude, it may be significantly affected by interference from aerial service base station(s). Here, the base station (or network) and / or terminal(s) may exchange altitude-specific interference information and / or interference coordination information.

[0224] In the above view, the present disclosure proposes a method for performing (independent) interference information exchange between a base station (or network) and a terminal and / or between terminals, wherein the (terminal's) altitude, path, movement (ga) speed / direction, and / or beam direction, and wherein the interference information includes at least one of the following information.

[0225] (1) RNTP(Relative Narrowband TX Power))

[0226] (2) HII (High-Interference Indicator)

[0227] (3) OI(Overload Indicator)

[0228] (4) Time and / or frequency resource information using high transmission power

[0229] (5) Time and / or frequency resource information subject to high interference

[0230] (6) Transmission power information by time and / or frequency resource

[0231] (7) Information on (measured) interference magnitudes by time and / or frequency resource

[0232] For example, according to the proposed method of the present disclosure, the exchange of interference information and / or interference coordination information optimized for interference patterns / environments by altitude, path, movement (ga)acceleration / direction, and / or beam direction (of the terminal) is supported, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of interference coordination (IC).

[0233] The above [Proposal #09] may be applied in combination with other proposed methods to the extent that the operation of the initiation does not conflict.

[0234] The proposed method above may be applied to the device described below. First, the processor (202) of the receiving terminal (200) may set at least one partial bandwidth (e.g., BWP; bandwidth part). Then, the processor (202) of the receiving terminal (200) may control the transceiver (206) of the receiving terminal (200) to receive a physical channel related to terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL communication; sidelink communication) and / or a reference signal related to terminal-to-terminal communication (e.g., SL communication) from the transmitting terminal (100) on at least one partial bandwidth (e.g., BWP).

[0235] Airborne entities, such as UAM (unmanned aerial mobility) and / or drones, can also perform communication. Since airborne entities secure multiple lines of sight (LOS) with other communication entities, they can also secure LOS with multiple existing ground base stations. This implies that terminal-to-base station communication (or base station-to-terminal communication) performed within individual cell-related communications may cause significant interference to other cells. For example, interference occurring in communication operations may refer to the degree of disruption that can be caused to the reception of a scheduled transmission when an entity not intended to receive the transmission performs a monitoring operation to receive another scheduled transmission, thereby causing the transmission to be received by that entity.

[0236] For example, an advanced air mobility (AAM) system encompassing the above-mentioned UAM, regional air mobility (RAM), and unmanned aircraft system (UAS) may be provided, and AAM may refer to urban air mobility based on means of transportation such as air taxis that support vertical take-off and landing. For example, methods and / or devices related to air-to-ground communication in which an air terminal communicates with a ground base station, and air-to-air communication in which an air terminal communicates with another air terminal may be provided.

[0237] Here, a new type of interference environment may occur depending on the scenarios such as the above-mentioned air-to-ground communication and / or air-to-air communication. For example, a terminal-to-base station (e.g., uplink) signal transmitted by an air terminal to a (ground) base station (or cell) may act as terminal-to-base station (e.g., uplink) interference to other (ground) base station (or cell)(s) other than the (ground) base station (or cell) serving the air terminal (e.g., air-to-ground interference). Or, for example, a base station-to-terminal (e.g., downlink) signal transmitted by a (ground) base station (or cell) to an air terminal and / or ground terminal may act as base station-to-terminal (e.g., downlink) interference to other air terminals other than the terminal served by the (ground) base station (or cell) (e.g., ground-to-air interference). Here, in order to mitigate the above interference effects, terminal transmission power control in a three-dimensional space where the air (or altitude) is taken into account may be required.

[0238] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, parameters used for transmission power control may be determined according to the altitude of the terminal (different from parameters used for power control of the ground terminal). According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a transmission power control (support) method by altitude, path, and / or beam direction may be provided for air-to-ground interference coordination in a communication system. For example, the proposed method may include a method for setting / defining (maximum) transmission power by altitude, path, and / or beam direction and determining transmission power within said (maximum) transmission power, a method for measuring path loss by altitude, path, and / or beam direction and setting (independent) open-loop power control parameters / formulas (or formulas) by altitude, path, and / or beam direction, and / or a method for transmitting interference information by altitude, path, and / or beam direction. Additionally, the method may include a transmission power control method of the terminal based on multipath loss measurement within a single transmission power control process and a transmission power control method of the terminal based on interference measurement and interference intensity.

[0239] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, by controlling interference that may affect other communications depending on the altitude of the air terminal, the overall communication may be performed efficiently.

[0240] FIG. 14 illustrates a procedure of a method that can be performed by a first device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 14 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0241] Referring to FIG. 14, in step S1410, the first device can obtain parameters for transmission power control. In step S1420, the first device can determine transmission power by performing transmission power control based on the parameters. In step S1430, the first device can perform transmission using the transmission power. For example, the parameters may be determined based on the altitude of the first device.

[0242] For example, the above parameters may be determined based on the altitude of the first device and the beam direction associated with the transmission.

[0243] For example, the transmission power control includes a determination operation for a method of determining a sounding reference signal resource, and the method of determining the sounding reference signal resource may be determined differently depending on the altitude of the first device.

[0244] For example, the transmission power control includes a determination operation for an open-loop power control formula to be applied, and the open-loop power control formula may be determined differently depending on the altitude of the first device.

[0245] For example, additionally, the first device may receive information for transmission power control from a base station. For example, the transmission power control may be performed based on the parameters and the information for transmission power control.

[0246] For example, the information for the transmission power control may include information regarding whether the transmission power control is performed according to the altitude of the first device.

[0247] For example, the information for the transmission power control may include identification information regarding a transmission power control method related to the transmission power control.

[0248] For example, additionally, the first device may determine a transmission power control method to be applied based on the altitude of the first device and the identification information. For example, the transmission power control may be performed based on the determined transmission power control method.

[0249] For example, the first device may be a vertically movable device.

[0250] For example, the transmission power control described above may include a power control method based on measurements of multipath loss.

[0251] For example, the maximum transmission power of the first device may differ depending on the altitude of the first device.

[0252] For example, the transmission power control may include: receiving altitude-specific interference information from a base station; and determining the transmission power based on the parameters and the altitude-specific interference information.

[0253] The above-described embodiment may be applied to various devices described below. First, the processor (102) of the first device (100) may obtain parameters for controlling transmission power. Then, the processor (102) of the first device (100) may determine transmission power by performing transmission power control based on the parameters. Then, the processor (102) of the first device (100) may control the transceiver (106) to perform transmission using the transmission power. For example, the parameters may be determined based on the altitude of the first device (100).

[0254] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a first device may be provided. For example, the first device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, based on the instructions being executed by the at least one processor, the first device may: obtain a parameter for transmission power control; determine a transmission power by performing transmission power control based on the parameter; and perform transmission using the transmission power, wherein the parameter may be determined based on the altitude of the first device.

[0255] For example, the above parameters may be determined based on the altitude of the first device and the beam direction associated with the transmission.

[0256] For example, the transmission power control includes a determination operation for a method of determining a sounding reference signal resource, and the method of determining the sounding reference signal resource may be determined differently depending on the altitude of the first device.

[0257] For example, the transmission power control includes a determination operation for an open-loop power control formula to be applied, and the open-loop power control formula may be determined differently depending on the altitude of the first device.

[0258] For example, additionally, based on the execution of the above commands by the at least one processor, the first device may receive information for the transmission power control from the base station. For example, the transmission power control may be performed based on the parameters and the information for the transmission power control.

[0259] For example, the information for the transmission power control may include information regarding whether the transmission power control is performed according to the altitude of the first device.

[0260] For example, the information for the transmission power control may include identification information regarding a transmission power control method related to the transmission power control.

[0261] For example, additionally, based on the execution of the above commands by the at least one processor, the first device may determine a transmission power control method to be applied based on the altitude of the first device and the identification information. For example, the transmission power control may be performed based on the determined transmission power control method.

[0262] For example, the first device may be a vertically movable device.

[0263] For example, the transmission power control described above may include a power control method based on measurements of multipath loss.

[0264] For example, the maximum transmission power of the first device may differ depending on the altitude of the first device.

[0265] For example, the transmission power control may include: receiving altitude-specific interference information from a base station; and determining the transmission power based on the parameters and the altitude-specific interference information.

[0266] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device configured to control a first device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, based on the instructions executed by the at least one processor, the first device may: obtain a parameter for transmission power control; determine a transmission power by performing transmission power control based on the parameter; and perform transmission using the transmission power, wherein the parameter may be determined based on the altitude of the first device.

[0267] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a non-transient computer-readable storage medium recording instructions may be provided. For example, when the instructions are executed, the first device may: obtain a parameter for transmission power control; determine transmission power by performing transmission power control based on the parameter; and perform transmission using the transmission power, wherein the parameter may be determined based on the altitude of the first device.

[0268] FIG. 15 illustrates a procedure of a method that can be performed by a second device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 15 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0269] Referring to FIG. 15, in step S1510, the second device can receive a transmission from the first device. For example, the transmission is transmitted based on a transmission power determined by performing transmission power control based on parameters, and the parameters may be determined based on the altitude of the first device.

[0270] For example, the above parameters may be determined based on the altitude of the first device and the beam direction associated with the transmission.

[0271] The above-described embodiment may be applied to various devices described below. First, the processor (202) of the second device (200) may control the transceiver (206) to receive a transmission from the first device (100). For example, the transmission may be transmitted based on a transmission power determined by performing transmission power control based on parameters, and the parameters may be determined based on the altitude of the first device (100).

[0272] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a second device may be provided. For example, the second device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, based on the instructions being executed by the at least one processor, the second device may: receive a transmission from a first device, wherein the transmission is transmitted based on a transmission power determined by performing transmission power control based on parameters, and the parameters may be determined based on the altitude of the first device.

[0273] For example, the above parameters may be determined based on the altitude of the first device and the beam direction associated with the transmission.

[0274] Various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with one another.

[0275] The following describes an apparatus to which various embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied.

[0276] Although not limited to this, the various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document may be applied to various fields requiring wireless communication / connection (e.g., 5G) between devices.

[0277] Examples are provided in more detail below with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings and descriptions, the same reference numerals may represent the same or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, or function blocks unless otherwise described.

[0278] FIG. 16 shows a communication system (1) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 16 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0279] Referring to FIG. 16, a communication system (1) to which various embodiments of the present disclosure are applied includes a wireless device, a base station, and a network. Here, the wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using wireless access technology (e.g., 5G NR (New RAT), LTE (Long Term Evolution)) and may be referred to as a communication / wireless / 5G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may include a robot (100a), a vehicle (100b-1, 100b-2), an XR (eXtended Reality) device (100c), a hand-held device (100d), a home appliance (100e), an IoT (Internet of Thing) device (100f), and an AI device / server (400). For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with wireless communication functions, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing inter-vehicle communication, etc. Here, the vehicle may include an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone) and / or an Aerial Vehicle (AV) (e.g., Advanced Air Mobility). The XR device includes an Augmented Reality (AR) / Virtual Reality (VR) / Mixed Reality (MR) device and may be implemented in the form of a Head-Mounted Device (HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) equipped in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The portable device may include a smartphone, a smartpad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.). The home appliance may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc. The IoT device may include a sensor, a smart meter, etc. For example, a base station and a network may be implemented as a wireless device, and a specific wireless device (200a) may operate as a base station / network node to other wireless devices.

[0280] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of this specification may include LTE, NR, and 6G, as well as Narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication. For example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology and may be implemented according to standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, but is not limited to the names mentioned above. Additionally, or generally, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of this specification may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. For example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology and may be referred to by various names such as eMTC (enhanced Machine Type Communication). For example, LTE-M technology may be implemented in at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-Bandwidth Limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the names mentioned above. Additionally or generally, wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (100a to 100f) of this specification may include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) for low-power communication, and is not limited to the names mentioned above. As an example, ZigBee technology can create personal area networks (PANs) related to small / low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and may be referred to by various names.

[0281] Wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to a network (300) through a base station (200). Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology may be applied to the wireless devices (100a to 100f), and the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to an AI server (400) through the network (300). The network (300) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. The wireless devices (100a to 100f) may communicate with each other through the base station (200) / network (300), but they may also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the base station / network. For example, vehicles (100b-1, 100b-2) can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) / V2X (Vehicle to everything) communication). Also, IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices (100a to 100f).

[0282] Wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can be established between wireless devices (100a~100f) / base station (200) and base station (200) / base station (200). Here, wireless communication / connection can be achieved through various wireless access technologies (e.g., 5G NR), such as uplink / downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or D2D communication), and inter-base station communication (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul)). Through wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c), wireless devices and base stations / wireless devices, and base stations and base stations can transmit / receive wireless signals to / from each other. For example, wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) can transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, based on various proposals of the present disclosure, at least some of the following may be performed: various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), resource allocation processes, etc.

[0283] FIG. 17 shows a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 17 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0284] Referring to FIG. 17, the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200) can transmit and receive wireless signals through various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR). Here, {the first wireless device (100), the second wireless device (200)} may correspond to {wireless device (100x), base station (200)} and / or {wireless device (100x), wireless device (100x)} of FIG. 16.

[0285] The first wireless device (100) includes one or more processors (102) and one or more memories (104), and may additionally include one or more transceivers (106) and / or one or more antennas (108). The processor (102) controls the memory (104) and / or transceivers (106) and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or sequences of operation disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (102) may process information within the memory (104) to generate a first information / signal and then transmit a wireless signal containing the first information / signal through the transceiver (106). Additionally, the processor (102) may receive a wireless signal containing a second information / signal through the transceiver (106) and then store information obtained from the signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory (104). The memory (104) may be connected to the processor (102) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (102). For example, the memory (104) may store software code containing instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (102) or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation sequence diagrams disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (102) and the memory (104) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver (106) may be connected to the processor (102) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals through one or more antennas (108). The transceiver (106) may include a transmitter and / or receiver. The transceiver (106) may be combined with an RF (Radio Frequency) unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may refer to a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0286] The second wireless device (200) includes one or more processors (202) and one or more memories (204), and may additionally include one or more transceivers (206) and / or one or more antennas (208). The processor (202) controls the memory (204) and / or transceivers (206) and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or sequences of operation disclosed in this document. For example, the processor (202) may process information within the memory (204) to generate a third information / signal and then transmit a wireless signal containing the third information / signal through the transceiver (206). Additionally, the processor (202) may receive a wireless signal containing a fourth information / signal through the transceiver (206) and then store information obtained from the signal processing of the fourth information / signal in the memory (204). Memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) and may store various information related to the operation of the processor (202). For example, memory (204) may store software code containing instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor (202) or for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document. Here, the processor (202) and memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). A transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals through one or more antennas (208). The transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or receiver. The transceiver (206) may be interchangeable with an RF unit. In this disclosure, a wireless device may refer to a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0287] Hereinafter, hardware elements of the wireless device (100, 200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202). For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP). One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate a signal (e.g., baseband signal) containing a PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in this document and provide it to one or more transceivers (106, 206). One or more processors (102, 202) may receive a signal (e.g., baseband signal) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and may obtain a PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts disclosed in this document.

[0288] One or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, or microcomputer. One or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more Digital Signal Processing Devices (DSPDs), one or more Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. Firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation sequences disclosed in this document may be contained in one or more processors (102, 202) or stored in one or more memories (104, 204) and driven by one or more processors (102, 202). The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation sequences disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, instructions, and / or sets of instructions.

[0289] One or more memories (104, 204) may be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and / or commands. One or more memories (104, 204) may be composed of ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drive, registers, cache memory, computer read storage media, and / or combinations thereof. One or more memories (104, 204) may be located inside and / or outside of one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, one or more memories (104, 204) may be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) through various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0290] One or more transceivers (106, 206) may transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the methods and / or operation flowcharts, etc., of this document to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers (106, 206) may receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as mentioned in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operation flowcharts, etc., disclosed in this document from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and may transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be connected to one or more antennas (108, 208), and one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as described in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or flowcharts of operation disclosed in this document through one or more antennas (108, 208). In this document, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert the received wireless signal / channel, etc. from an RF band signal to a baseband signal in order to process the received user data, control information, wireless signal / channel, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202).One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. processed using one or more processors (102, 202) from baseband signals to RF band signals. To this end, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0291] FIG. 18 shows a signal processing circuit for a transmission signal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 18 can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0292] Referring to FIG. 18, the signal processing circuit (1000) may include a scrambler (1010), a modulator (1020), a layer mapper (1030), a precoder (1040), a resource mapper (1050), and a signal generator (1060). Although not limited thereto, the operation / function of FIG. 18 may be performed in the processor (102, 202) and / or transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 17. The hardware elements of FIG. 18 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) and / or transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 17. For example, blocks 1010 through 1060 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 17. Additionally, blocks 1010 to 1050 may be implemented in the processor (102, 202) of FIG. 17, and block 1060 may be implemented in the transceiver (106, 206) of FIG. 17.

[0293] The codeword can be converted into a wireless signal through the signal processing circuit (1000) of FIG. 18. Here, the codeword is an encoded bit sequence of an information block. The information block may include a transmission block (e.g., UL-SCH transmission block, DL-SCH transmission block). The wireless signal can be transmitted through various physical channels (e.g., PUSCH, PDSCH).

[0294] Specifically, a codeword can be converted into a scrambled bit sequence by a scrambler (1010). The scrambled sequence used for scrambling is generated based on an initialization value, which may include ID information of a wireless device, etc. The scrambled bit sequence can be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by a modulator (1020). The modulation method may include pi / 2-BPSK (pi / 2-Binary Phase Shift Keying), m-PSK (m-Phase Shift Keying), m-QAM (m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), etc. The complex modulation symbol sequence can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by a layer mapper (1030). The modulation symbols of each transmission layer can be mapped to the corresponding antenna port(s) by a precoder (1040) (precoding). The output z of the precoder (1040) can be obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper (1030) by an N*M precoding matrix W. Here, N is the number of antenna ports and M is the number of transmission layers. Here, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT transform) on the complex modulation symbols. Additionally, the precoder (1040) can perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0295] A resource mapper (1050) can map the modulation symbols of each antenna port to a time-frequency resource. The time-frequency resource may include multiple symbols (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols, DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) in the time domain and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. A signal generator (1060) generates a radio signal from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated radio signal can be transmitted to another device through each antenna. To this end, the signal generator (1060) may include an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) module, a Cyclic Prefix (CP) inserter, a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), a frequency uplink converter, etc.

[0296] The signal processing process for a received signal in a wireless device can be configured as the inverse of the signal processing process (1010–1060) of FIG. 18. For example, a wireless device (e.g., 100, 200 in FIG. 17) can receive a wireless signal from the outside through an antenna port / transceiver. The received wireless signal can be converted into a baseband signal through a signal restorer. To this end, the signal restorer may include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) module. Subsequently, the baseband signal can be restored into a codeword through a resource de-mapper process, a postcoding process, a demodulation process, and a de-scrambling process. The codeword can be restored into the original information block through decoding. Accordingly, a signal processing circuit (not shown) for a received signal may include a signal restorer, a resource de-mapper, a postcoder, a demodulator, a de-scrambler, and a decoder.

[0297] FIG. 19 illustrates a wireless device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The wireless device may be implemented in various forms depending on the use-e. / service (see FIG. 16). The embodiment of FIG. 19 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0298] Referring to FIG. 19, the wireless device (100, 200) corresponds to the wireless device (100, 200) of FIG. 17 and may be composed of various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules. For example, the wireless device (100, 200) may include a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), and additional elements (140). The communication unit may include a communication circuit (112) and transceiver(s) (114). For example, the communication circuit (112) may include one or more processors (102, 202) and / or one or more memories (104, 204) of FIG. 17. For example, the transceiver(s) (114) may include one or more transceivers (106, 206) and / or one or more antennas (108, 208) of FIG. 17. The control unit (120) is electrically connected to the communication unit (110), the memory unit (130), and additional elements (140) and controls the general operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit (120) may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on a program / code / command / information stored in the memory unit (130). Additionally, the control unit (120) may transmit information stored in the memory unit (130) to an external (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface through the communication unit (110), or store information received from an external (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface through the communication unit (110) in the memory unit (130).

[0299] The additional element (140) can be configured in various ways depending on the type of wireless device. For example, the additional element (140) may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output unit (I / O unit), a driving unit, and a computing unit. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may be implemented in the form of a robot (Fig. 16, 100a), a vehicle (Fig. 16, 100b-1, 100b-2), an XR device (Fig. 16, 100c), a portable device (Fig. 16, 100d), a home appliance (Fig. 16, 100e), an IoT device (Fig. 16, 100f), a digital broadcasting terminal, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, a medical device, a fintech device (or financial device), a security device, a climate / environment device, an AI server / device (Fig. 16, 400), a base station (Fig. 16, 200), a network node, etc. Wireless devices can be used in a movable or fixed location depending on the use—e.g., service.

[0300] In FIG. 19, various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules within the wireless device (100, 200) may be entirely interconnected via a wired interface, or at least partially connected via a communication unit (110). For example, within the wireless device (100, 200), the control unit (120) and the communication unit (110) may be connected via a wire, and the control unit (120) and the first unit (e.g., 130, 140) may be connected wirelessly via the communication unit (110). Additionally, each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within the wireless device (100, 200) may include one or more additional elements. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of one or more sets of processors. For example, the control unit (120) may be composed of a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an Electronic Control Unit (ECU), a graphics processing processor, a memory control processor, etc. As another example, the memory unit (130) may be composed of RAM (Random Access Memory), DRAM (Dynamic RAM), ROM (Read Only Memory), flash memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory and / or a combination thereof.

[0301] Hereinafter, an implementation example of FIG. 19 will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

[0302] FIG. 20 illustrates a portable device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The portable device may include a smartphone, a smartpad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smart glasses), a portable computer (e.g., a laptop, etc.). The portable device may be referred to as an MS (Mobile Station), UT (User Terminal), MSS (Mobile Subscriber Station), SS (Subscriber Station), AMS (Advanced Mobile Station), or WT (Wireless Terminal). The embodiment of FIG. 20 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0303] Referring to FIG. 20, the portable device (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a memory unit (130), a power supply unit (140a), an interface unit (140b), and an input / output unit (140c). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c each correspond to blocks 110 to 130 / 140 of FIG. 19.

[0304] The communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with other wireless devices and base stations. The control unit (120) can control the components of the portable device (100) to perform various operations. The control unit (120) may include an AP (Application Processor). The memory unit (130) can store data / parameters / programs / code / commands required for the operation of the portable device (100). Additionally, the memory unit (130) can store input / output data / information, etc. The power supply unit (140a) supplies power to the portable device (100) and may include wired / wireless charging circuits, batteries, etc. The interface unit (140b) can support the connection between the portable device (100) and other external devices. The interface unit (140b) may include various ports (e.g., audio input / output ports, video input / output ports) for connection with external devices. The input / output unit (140c) can receive or output video information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information input from a user. The input / output unit (140c) may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit (140d), a speaker and / or a haptic module, etc.

[0305] For example, in the case of data communication, the input / output unit (140c) acquires information / signals (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, video) input from the user, and the acquired information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130). The communication unit (110) converts the information / signals stored in the memory into wireless signals and can directly transmit the converted wireless signals to another wireless device or to a base station. Additionally, the communication unit (110) can receive wireless signals from another wireless device or base station and then restore the received wireless signals to their original information / signals. The restored information / signals can be stored in the memory unit (130) and then output in various forms (e.g., text, voice, image, video, haptic) through the input / output unit (140c).

[0306] FIG. 21 illustrates a vehicle or autonomous vehicle according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. The vehicle or autonomous vehicle may be implemented as a mobile robot, a vehicle, a train, an aerial vehicle (AV), a ship, etc. The embodiment of FIG. 21 may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0307] Referring to FIG. 21, a vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit (110), a control unit (120), a driving unit (140a), a power supply unit (140b), a sensor unit (140c), and an autonomous driving unit (140d). The antenna unit (108) may be configured as part of the communication unit (110). Blocks 110 / 130 / 140a to 140d each correspond to blocks 110 / 130 / 140 of FIG. 19.

[0308] The communication unit (110) can transmit and receive signals (e.g., data, control signals, etc.) with external devices such as other vehicles, base stations (e.g., base stations, roadside base stations (Roadside units), etc.), and servers. The control unit (120) can perform various operations by controlling elements of the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100). The control unit (120) may include an Electronic Control Unit (ECU). The driving unit (140a) can drive the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) on the ground. The driving unit (140a) may include an engine, motor, power train, wheels, brakes, steering device, etc. The power supply unit (140b) supplies power to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle (100) and may include wired / wireless charging circuits, batteries, etc. The sensor unit (140c) can obtain vehicle status, surrounding environment information, user information, etc. The sensor unit (140c) may include an IMU (inertial measurement unit) sensor, a collision sensor, a wheel sensor, a speed sensor, an inclination sensor, a weight detection sensor, a heading sensor, a position module, a vehicle forward / reverse sensor, a battery sensor, a fuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steering sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an illuminance sensor, a pedal position sensor, etc. The autonomous driving unit (140d) may implement technologies such as maintaining the driving lane, technologies for automatically adjusting speed such as adaptive cruise control, technologies for automatically driving along a predetermined path, and technologies for automatically setting a path and driving when a destination is set.

[0309] For example, the communication unit (110) can receive map data, traffic information data, etc. from an external server. The autonomous driving unit (140d) can generate an autonomous driving path and a driving plan based on the acquired data. The control unit (120) can control the drive unit (140a) so that the vehicle or the autonomous vehicle (100) moves along the autonomous driving path according to the driving plan (e.g., speed / direction control). During autonomous driving, the communication unit (110) can acquire the latest traffic information data from an external server non-periodically and can acquire surrounding traffic information data from surrounding vehicles. Additionally, during autonomous driving, the sensor unit (140c) can acquire vehicle status and surrounding environment information. The autonomous driving unit (140d) can update the autonomous driving path and the driving plan based on the newly acquired data / information. The communication unit (110) can transmit information regarding the vehicle location, autonomous driving path, driving plan, etc. to an external server. An external server can predict traffic information data in advance using AI technology, etc., based on information collected from vehicles or autonomous vehicles, and can provide the predicted traffic information data to vehicles or autonomous vehicles.

[0310] The claims described in this specification may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims in this specification may be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims in this specification may be combined to be implemented as a method. Furthermore, the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims in this specification may be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims in this specification may be combined to be implemented as a method.

Claims

Claim 1 A method comprising: a step of obtaining parameters for controlling transmission power; a step of determining transmission power by performing transmission power control based on said parameters; and a step of performing transmission using said transmission power, wherein said parameters are determined based on the altitude of a first device. Claim 2 A method according to claim 1, wherein the parameters are determined based on the elevation of the first device and the beam direction associated with the transmission. Claim 3 In claim 1, the transmission power control includes a determination operation for a determination method of a sounding reference signal resource, and the determination method of the sounding reference signal resource is determined differently depending on the altitude of the first device. Claim 4 A method according to claim 1, wherein the transmission power control includes a determination operation for an open-loop power control formula to be applied, and the open-loop power control formula is determined differently depending on the altitude of the first device. Claim 5 A method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of receiving information for transmission power control from a base station, wherein the transmission power control is performed based on the parameters and the information for transmission power control. Claim 6 In claim 5, the information for the transmission power control includes information regarding whether the transmission power control is performed according to the altitude of the first device. Claim 7 In claim 5, the information for the transmission power control includes identification information for a transmission power control method related to the transmission power control. Claim 8 A method according to claim 7, further comprising the step of determining a transmission power control method to be applied based on the altitude of the first device and the identification information, wherein the transmission power control is performed based on the determined transmission power control method. Claim 9 A method according to claim 1, wherein the first device is a vertically movable device. Claim 10 In claim 1, the transmission power control comprises a power control method based on measurement of multipath loss. Claim 11 A method according to claim 1, wherein the maximum transmission power of the first device differs according to the altitude of the first device. Claim 12 A method according to claim 1, wherein the transmission power control comprises: receiving altitude-specific interference information from a base station; and determining the transmission power based on the parameters and the altitude-specific interference information. Claim 13 In claim 1, the method is performed by a first device. Claim 14 A first device comprising: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, wherein the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the first device is configured to: obtain a parameter for transmission power control; determine a transmission power by performing transmission power control based on the parameter; and perform transmission using the transmission power, wherein the parameter is determined based on the altitude of the first device. Claim 15 A processing device configured to control a first device, comprising: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, wherein the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, the processing device causes the first device to: obtain parameters for transmission power control; determine transmission power by performing transmission power control based on the parameters; and perform transmission using the transmission power, wherein the parameters are determined based on the altitude of the first device. Claim 16 A non-transient computer-readable storage medium for recording instructions, wherein, when executed, the instructions cause a first device to: acquire parameters for transmission power control; determine transmission power by performing transmission power control based on the parameters; and perform transmission using the transmission power, wherein the parameters are determined based on the altitude of the first device. Claim 17 A method comprising the step of receiving a transmission from a first device, wherein the transmission is transmitted based on a transmission power determined by performing transmission power control based on parameters, and the parameters are determined based on the altitude of the first device. Claim 18 In claim 17, the method wherein the parameter is determined based on the elevation of the first device and the beam direction associated with the transmission. Claim 19 A second device comprises: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions, wherein the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, and the second device is configured to: receive a transmission from a first device, wherein the transmission is transmitted based on a transmission power determined by performing transmission power control based on parameters, and the parameters are determined based on the altitude of the first device. Claim 20 In claim 19, the method wherein the parameter is determined based on the elevation of the first device and the beam direction associated with the transmission.

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