Low cost cooling system using-airflow control in high-tech greenhouses

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cooling system capable of drastically lowering summer temperatures at a low cost by controlling airflow within an advanced horticultural greenhouse. More specifically, the invention involves raising the side height to a height where side windows can be installed, installing side windows at the lower side of the greenhouse (rather than the upper side) that can be opened and closed manually or automatically using a sliding, arm, or retractable method, installing a shading net or thermal insulation net in the upper part of the greenhouse that can be moved manually or automatically using a rack-and-apron or sliding method, and installing a roof window that can be opened and closed automatically or manually using an arch, single-roof, 3 / 4, or double-sided method. Then, by operating the opening and closing manually or automatically according to changes in the internal and external temperatures of the greenhouse, the temperature of the air in the space between the roof window and the shading net or thermal insulation net is rapidly raised. By utilizing the temperature difference between the interior temperature and the roof window (i.e., approximately 25°C to 35°C), the air naturally drawn in through the side windows is transferred to the upper part of the greenhouse through a penetration opening in the central part, and the air transferred to the upper part is discharged to the outside through the roof window ventilation part, thereby [improving] the greenhouse It is possible to lower the internal temperature by 8 to 11 degrees based on the daily maximum temperature compared to conventional greenhouses without a separate cooling device, and it has the feature of reducing construction and maintenance costs by lowering the body temperature by 2 to 3 degrees by removing the heat of vaporization of the crops.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a cooling system capable of drastically lowering summer temperatures at a low cost by controlling airflow within an advanced horticultural greenhouse. More specifically, the invention comprises raising the side height to a height where side windows can be installed, installing side windows at the lower side of the greenhouse (rather than the upper side) that can be opened and closed manually or automatically using a sliding, arm, or retractable method, installing a curtain section of a shading or thermal insulation net using a rack-and-apon or sliding method that can be moved manually or automatically at the upper part of the greenhouse, and installing a skylight that can be opened and closed automatically or manually in an arched, single-roof, 3 / 4, or double-sided type. Then, by operating the opening and closing manually or automatically according to changes in the internal and external temperatures of the greenhouse, the temperature of the air in the space between the skylight and the curtain section of the shading net or thermal insulation net is rapidly raised. By utilizing the temperature difference between the interior temperature and the skylight section (i.e., approximately 25°C to 35°C), air naturally introduced through the side windows simultaneously pushes up the stagnant interior air and is transported to the upper part of the greenhouse through a penetration hole in the center of the curtain section, and the air transported to the upper part is... This invention relates to a summer cooling system for an advanced horticultural greenhouse that reduces construction and maintenance costs by enabling cooling that lowers the internal temperature of the greenhouse by 8 to 11 degrees based on the daily maximum temperature compared to a conventional greenhouse without a separate cooling device by exhausting to the outside through a ventilation unit, and by lowering the body temperature by 2 to 3 degrees by removing the heat of vaporization of the crop. Background Technology

[0003] Advanced horticultural greenhouses are constructed from glass, vinyl, fluoropolymer film, polycarbonate (PC), or acrylic. They are installed and operated to artificially adjust the cultivation environment to meet the growth requirements of crops in Korea's distinct four-season climate, with the goal of continuous year-round crop production regardless of external conditions. However, due to the high internal temperatures caused by radiant heat during the summer, some farmers install geothermal or air-source heat pumps or air conditioners to lower the internal temperature. These methods are difficult to utilize because they consume a large amount of electricity, resulting in high operational costs and poor economic feasibility.

[0004] In addition, conventional greenhouses are equipped with ventilation windows (skylights) that open and close in an arched, single-roofed, or double-sided manner for the purpose of artificially controlling the cultivation environment, such as ventilation and temperature and humidity. However, side windows are either absent or installed across the entire top or side, making it difficult to control airflow. Especially during the summer, the layer of air heated by solar and radiant heat becomes stagnant in the ceiling above the insulation or shade net curtains or is expelled along the side walls. Consequently, if the skylights are not opened or closed, ventilation by natural convection does not occur, causing the temperature inside the greenhouse to rise rapidly. Therefore, there is a problem that crop cultivation is impossible unless the temperature is lowered using an electric cooling device.

[0005] Therefore, although it is customary to use electric forced ventilation and heat pumps or air conditioners to lower the temperature inside greenhouses in order to rapidly ventilate air stagnated at high temperatures due to radiant heat from summer sunlight, controlling the temperature rise inside advanced horticultural greenhouses mostly requires expensive electrical energy. Consequently, due to economic reasons, it is practically difficult to cultivate economically viable, cold-tolerant greenhouse vegetables or high-value specialty crops during the summer, and the current situation is that crops suitable for the external environment are selected and cultivated on a case-by-case basis. Prior art literature

[0007] Republic of Korea Registered Patent Publication No. 10-0250966 The problem to be solved

[0008] The present invention was created to resolve the aforementioned conventional problems, and,

[0009] By raising the side height to a height suitable for side window installation, installing side windows on the lower side of the greenhouse rather than the upper side, which can be opened and closed manually or automatically using a sliding, arm, or retractable method; installing a curtain section of a shading or insulation net using a rack-and-apron or sliding method that can move manually or automatically on the upper part of the greenhouse; and installing a skylight that can be opened and closed automatically or manually in an arched, single-roof, 3 / 4, or double-sided style, the opening and closing are operated manually or automatically according to changes in the internal and external temperatures of the greenhouse to rapidly raise the temperature of the air in the space between the skylight and the shading net or insulation net curtain section. By utilizing the temperature difference between the interior and the skylight section (i.e., approximately 25°C to 35°C), air naturally entering through the side windows simultaneously pushes up the stagnant interior air and transports it to the upper part of the greenhouse through a penetration opening in the center of the curtain section, and then exhausting the air transported to the upper part through the skylight ventilation section, cooling is possible to lower the internal temperature of the greenhouse by 8 to 11 degrees Celsius compared to a conventional greenhouse based on the daily maximum temperature, without the need for a separate cooling device. The purpose is to provide a cooling system that can drastically lower summer temperatures at a low cost through air flow control within an advanced horticultural greenhouse, which reduces construction and maintenance costs by lowering body temperature by 2 to 3 degrees by removing the heat of vaporization of the crop body. means of solving the problem

[0011] To achieve the above objective, the present invention comprises installing a sliding or rollable side window on the side of an advanced horticultural greenhouse at a height of approximately 30 cm above the ground by installing a rainproof wall or vinyl thereon, and installing the sliding or rollable side window at a height of approximately one-third of the total height of the side, wherein the height of the side window is installed at half the height remaining after subtracting the side height from the elevation where the skylight is installed, and the side window is installed at an appropriate height by adjusting it in the field considering the load of the structure, and furthermore, since outside air enters through it, the side window is composed of a side window with a 40-mesh insect screen attached or installed to prevent the entry of insects.

[0012] Inside the above-described advanced horticultural greenhouse, curtain sections of shading nets or thermal insulation membranes that operate horizontally are installed on both sides under the ceiling, and the curtain sections are operated so that both sides slide toward the center, thereby forming a penetration hole between the central parts of the curtain sections, and at this time, the curtain sections are installed in close contact with the side parts of the greenhouse frame.

[0013] The present invention relates to a summer cooling system characterized by the above-mentioned curtain section being a curtain containing aluminum threads that diffusely reflects sunlight to suppress the rise in temperature inside the greenhouse, thereby providing a blocking or thermal insulation function, and also raising the temperature of the air layer between the roof and the shading net or thermal insulation curtain section to 65 degrees or more, so as to maximize the temperature difference between the temperature inside the greenhouse and the upper air layer to 25 degrees or more during the summer, so that air introduced through the opening and closing of the side window creates a natural convection airflow upward through the central penetration hole together with the stagnant internal air inside the greenhouse, thereby lowering the internal temperature of the greenhouse or removing the heat of vaporization generated on the surface of the crop body due to the airflow, thereby lowering the crop body temperature by 2 to 3 degrees.

[0014] In addition, the present invention relates to a low-cost summer cooling system through air flow control in an advanced horticultural greenhouse, characterized in that the side window of the present invention is installed at approximately 1 / 3 of the height from the ground on the side of the frame and slides up and down to open and close the airflow, and an insect screen is further formed on the frame where the side window is located to block foreign substances from the outside when the side window is opened.

[0015] In addition, it is important to form a traction cord or a rack-and-pinion type frame at the lower part of the curtain section of the present invention to support the curtain section operating horizontally, and a plurality of the traction cords or frames are formed spaced apart from each other in the horizontal or vertical direction within the greenhouse, and a curtain operating device connected to the curtain section and installed on the curtain guiding frame to operate the curtain section horizontally manually or automatically is characterized in that it relates to a summer cooling system through airflow control of a greenhouse.

[0016] In addition, the present invention relates to a summer cooling system through airflow control of a greenhouse, characterized in that, in the case of a vinyl greenhouse, a barrier is additionally installed on the side of the frame or in the case of a glass greenhouse, so as to block air from being transported and exhausted along both sides inside the greenhouse between the frame and the curtain part of the present invention, and the two sides of the barrier are installed to move within the space inside the barrier.

[0017] In addition, the present invention relates to a summer cooling system through air flow control of an advanced horticultural greenhouse, characterized in that the greenhouse roof frame of the present invention further includes an arched, single-roof, or double-sided skylight ventilation unit for discharging air transferred upward through a central penetration hole to the outside. Effects of the invention

[0019] As described above, the low-cost summer cooling system for airflow control within an advanced horticultural greenhouse according to the present invention raises the side height to a height where side windows can be installed, installs side windows at the lower side of the greenhouse (rather than the upper side) that can be opened and closed manually or automatically using a sliding, arm, or retractable method, installs a curtain section of a shading or thermal insulation net using a rack-and-apon or sliding method that can be moved manually or automatically at the upper part of the greenhouse, and installs a skylight that can be opened and closed automatically or manually in an arched, single-roof, 3 / 4, or double-sided type. Then, by operating the opening and closing manually or automatically according to changes in the internal and external temperatures of the greenhouse, the temperature of the air in the space between the skylight and the curtain section of the shading net or thermal insulation net is rapidly raised. By utilizing the temperature difference between the interior temperature and the skylight section (i.e., approximately 25°C to 35°C), air naturally introduced through the side windows simultaneously pushes up the stagnant interior air and is transported to the upper part of the greenhouse through a penetration hole in the center of the curtain section, and the air transported to the upper part is discharged to the outside through the skylight ventilation section, thereby lowering the internal temperature of the greenhouse It is possible to lower the daily maximum temperature by 8 to 11 degrees compared to conventional greenhouses without a separate cooling device, and by removing the heat of vaporization of the crops, it is possible to lower the body temperature by 2 to 3 degrees, which has the effect of reducing construction and maintenance costs.

[0020] Furthermore, the present invention is a technology applicable not only to the field of facility horticulture but also to livestock barns such as cattle barns, pig barns, or chicken barns. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0022] FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view showing a greenhouse according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front cross-sectional view showing a glass greenhouse according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the ventilation by airflow in a conventional greenhouse (Zone 1) and a natural convection greenhouse (Zone 2) in a Venlo-type glass greenhouse for advanced horticultural facilities, and Figure 4 is a graph showing the temperature change inside the glass greenhouse of the conventional greenhouse (Zone 1) and the natural convection type greenhouse (Zone 2) of Figure 3. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0023] The present invention having such characteristics may be explained more clearly through preferred embodiments thereof.

[0024] Before describing various embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the attached drawings, it will be understood that the application is not limited to the details of the configuration and arrangement of components described in the following detailed description or illustrated in the drawings. The present invention may be embodied and practiced in other embodiments and may be carried out in various ways. Furthermore, it will be understood that expressions and terms used herein regarding device or element orientations (e.g., "front," "back," "up," "down," "top," "bottom," "left," "right," "lateral") are used merely to simplify the description of the present invention and do not indicate or imply that the related device or element must simply have a specific orientation. Additionally, terms such as "first" and "second" are used in this and the appended claims for illustrative purposes and are not intended to indicate or imply relative importance or intent.

[0025] Therefore, the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations illustrated in the drawings are merely one preferred embodiment of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical concepts of the present invention; thus, it should be understood that at the time of filing this application, there may be various variations that can replace them, such as livestock barns like pig barns, cattle barns, or chicken barns.

[0026] FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view showing a greenhouse according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front cross-sectional view showing a glass greenhouse according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing conventional greenhouse ventilation (Zone 1) and natural convection ventilation (Zone 2) in an advanced facility horticulture glass greenhouse, and FIG. 4 is a graph showing the temperature change inside the greenhouse in Zone 1 and Zone 2 of FIG. 3.

[0027] As illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4, the natural convection type, low-energy cooling system through air flow control within the greenhouse of the present invention is a summer cooling system applied to an advanced facility horticulture greenhouse. First, the greenhouse of the present invention is composed of a general greenhouse frame (100) for vinyl greenhouses and glass greenhouses, and a roof connected to the upper part of the greenhouse frame (100) and a roof opening / closing device (300), a curtain opening / closing device for a thermal insulation film (400) and a shading film (500), a connecting clip (410 and 510) that connects the thermal insulation film (400) or the shading film (500) to the greenhouse frame in the case of a vinyl greenhouse, a barrier film (220) connected to the greenhouse frame in the case of a glass greenhouse, a side window opening / closing device (200), a rain-blocking vinyl film (210a) in the case of a vinyl greenhouse, and a foundation concrete frame (210b) in the case of a glass greenhouse.

[0028] Here, the greenhouse frame is formed by installing a vertical frame and a horizontal frame installed horizontally on the upper part of the vertical frame in the case of a conventionally installed greenhouse, and by installing a frame or guide line that allows a rack-and-pinion or roll-up type thermal insulation film (400) or shading film (500) to move horizontally under the roof of the vinyl greenhouse (Fig. 1). In the case of a glass greenhouse, it is composed of various vertical and horizontal frames, and a rack-and-pinion or roll-up type horizontal moving line or gear-type rack is installed under the roof (skylight) to install a curtain part of the thermal insulation film (400) or shading film (500) and connect it to the side of the greenhouse frame (Fig. 2). In the case of a vinyl greenhouse, the connection method is connected by a connecting clip (410), and in the case of a glass greenhouse, the barrier (220) is first connected to the greenhouse frame, and the ends of the thermal insulation (400) or shading (500) of the rack-and-apon or roll-up type are inserted into the barrier (220) and installed by sliding back and forth along the barrier (Fig. 2). The side is configured at a height where a side window opening / closing device (200) can be installed, and a sliding or roll-up side window is installed on the side at a height of about 25 to 30 cm above the ground by installing a rainproof wall (210) or vinyl (210) and then installing the sliding or roll-up side window on the side above it. The side window is installed at a height equal to half the value obtained by subtracting the side height from the highest height (elevation) of the roof where the skylight is installed. The above-mentioned side window is installed at an appropriate height on-site, taking into account the load of the structure, and is formed as a side window with a 40-mesh insect screen (600) attached or installed to prevent insects from entering, as outside air enters through it. Additionally, a skylight opening / closing device (300) is installed on the roof to discharge air transferred upward through the penetration holes of each curtain section (400, 500) to the outside, and a skylight insect screen (610) is installed to prevent insects from entering.The core of the present invention is to install the system so that air flowing from the side wall during the above installation is prevented from moving upward along the side wall, and so that natural convection airflow caused by the temperature difference of 25 to 35 degrees between the upper and lower parts of the greenhouse due to solar heat and radiant heat (Table 1 below) occurs at the penetration hole in the center of each curtain section, as illustrated in FIG. 3.

[0029] item weekly average Night average Period average Maximum duration Minimum duration External temperature 26.4 23.0 25.0 35.0 18.9 Sensor Location 1 (Roof / Shading Manganese Space) 57.4 24.5 50.2 72.3 22.7 Sensor location 2 (1.5m inside the greenhouse) 28.8 24.1 26.8 37.9 20.4

[0030] Table 1 above presents the results of measuring the temperature by installing a greenhouse sensor between the roof and the top of the curtain section of the greenhouse and 1.5 m above the greenhouse floor, which is the location where the temperature inside the greenhouse is conventionally measured.

[0031] Here, the results of measuring the temperature difference between the upper and lower parts of the greenhouse are presented in Table 1, and it was confirmed that the difference in the maximum temperature during the period is 35 degrees, the difference in the average temperature during the period is 24 degrees, and the difference is 24 degrees, resulting in a difference of 24 to 35 degrees, and the maximum temperature in the upper part of the greenhouse rises to 72 degrees.

[0032] The above-mentioned opening and closing devices for the roof window, side window, thermal insulation (400), or shading screen (500) can be controlled manually or automatically according to temperature changes regardless of the type of greenhouse, and in the case of automatic control, it is controlled by a control unit (not shown).

[0034] Between the greenhouse frame (100) and the curtain section (400, 500), as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a barrier (220) and a connecting clip (510) are further installed to block the transport of air along both sides inside the greenhouse, and both sides of the barrier (220) are fixedly installed on both sides of the greenhouse frame (100). The barrier (220) allows air transported along both sides inside the glass greenhouse to move along the barrier while blocked, then move along the lower part of each thermal insulation film (400) and shading film (500), and then be transported upward through a penetration hole formed by the curtain section.

[0036] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to embodiments thereof, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and changes can be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as described in the following claims. Explanation of the symbols

[0038] 100 : Greenhouse frame 200 : Side window opening / closing device 210a : Rain barrier vinyl 210b : Foundation concrete 220 : Barrier 300 : Skylight opening and closing device 400 : Thermal insulation 500 : Shade 510 ; Connecting clip (greenhouse frame) 600 : Side window insect screen 610 : Skylight insect screen

Claims

Claim 1 A low-cost summer cooling system for controlling airflow within an advanced horticultural greenhouse, characterized by lowering the internal temperature by generating airflow within the greenhouse and removing the heat of vaporization of the crop body through the airflow, wherein side windows are formed at the lower side of both sides of the advanced horticultural greenhouse to allow air from the outside to flow into the interior, and a thermal insulation film (400) or a shading film (500), which is a curtain part, is installed on the roof side above, and connected to the side frame of the advanced horticultural greenhouse to prevent the incoming air from moving upward along the side, thereby causing a temperature rise in the upper layer due to sunlight, and generating airflow through a penetration part formed manually or automatically according to the temperature change within the greenhouse, which is created by the temperature difference between the upper and lower layers of the curtain part, and discharging the heated internal air layer to the outside through a skylight opening / closing device (300). Claim 2 In claim 1, the side window is configured at a height where a side window opening / closing device (200) can be installed on the side of the greenhouse, and the side window opening / closing device (200) is installed at a lower side position where a rainproof wall or vinyl is installed at a height of 25 to 30 cm above the ground to operate the side window in a sliding or rolling manner, and the side window is installed at a height of 1 / 2 of the value remaining after subtracting the side height from the end of the roof ceiling where the skylight is installed, and opens / closes the airflow while moving left / right or up / down, and a side window insect screen (600) is attached to the side window to prevent the entry of insects, characterized by a low-cost summer cooling system through airflow control in an advanced horticultural greenhouse. Claim 3 A low-cost summer cooling system through air flow control within an advanced horticultural greenhouse, characterized in that, in the first paragraph, a plurality of guide strings supporting the curtain section to operate horizontally are formed at the lower part of the curtain section and spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction of the greenhouse, and the curtain section is further connected to both sides of the greenhouse frame using connecting clips or barriers to open and close a thermal insulation screen (400) or a shading screen (500) that prevents external air from entering through the side window and moving upward along the side wall. Claim 4 A low-cost summer cooling system through air flow control within an advanced horticultural greenhouse, characterized in that, in the first paragraph, a ventilation unit is further installed with a skylight opening / closing device (300) installed on the roof of the greenhouse to allow various types of skylights to be opened / closed, and a skylight insect screen (610) installed to discharge air transferred upward through a penetration hole in the center of the curtain unit to the outside. Claim 5 A livestock barn equipped with a low-cost summer cooling system through air flow control within an advanced horticultural greenhouse as described in any one of paragraphs 1 to 4.

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