Multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell

Abstract

The present invention provides a multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell (100) that provides higher energy density per volume and per weight by eliminating the need for a metal substrate. The multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell is composed of a plurality of layers including, but not limited to, a lower current collector layer (6), an anode layer (1), a separator layer (2), a cathode layer (3), an adhesive layer (4), and an upper current collector layer (5).

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy storage devices, particularly electrochemical cells. More specifically, the present invention relates to an electrochemical cell based on a multidimensional electrode structure that provides higher energy density per volume and per weight. Background Technology

[0002] Electrochemical cells are the fundamental components of many electrochemical systems and experiments. They consist of two main elements: electrodes and an electrolyte. Electrodes are typically made of conductive materials, such as metals, carbon, or any other material with a conductive network, and these electrodes play a key role within the cell. Electrochemical cells have two distinct types of electrodes: the anode and the cathode.

[0003] The anode is where oxidation takes place. During oxidation, electrons are released from the anode into the external circuit. This flow of electrons is a crucial factor in many electrochemical reactions. Conversely, the cathode is where reduction occurs. Reduction involves gaining electrons, and at the cathode, electrons from the external circuit are consumed during this process.

[0004] The second essential component of an electrode cell that complements the electrode is the electrolyte. An electrolyte is a solution or substance that acts as a medium for the movement of ions between the anode and the cathode. These ions actively participate in the electrochemical reactions occurring at the electrode. By facilitating the movement of electric charges within the cell, the electrolyte enables the full functioning of the electrode cell.

[0005] Conventional cell manufacturing processes involve the use of two-dimensional porous thin-film electrodes applied on metal foils. This procedure begins with preparing a liquid slurry using an active electrode material, a conductive additive, and a binder. This slurry, referred to as the anode slurry, is then applied onto a thin copper (Cu) or aluminum (Al) foil. Similarly, the cathode slurry is also coated onto a thin aluminum (Al) foil or a similar metal surface.

[0006] After electrode coating, these sheets are cut to specific dimensions tailored to a particular cell design and desired form factor. These form factors can vary and include cylindrical cells, pouch cells, and prismatic cells. Once the desired dimensions are achieved, a thin porous polymer separator membrane is inserted between the cathode sheet and the anode sheet. This configuration, featuring 2D electrodes and separators, is wound around a cylindrical mandrel for cylindrical cells or laminated or wound onto a flat mandrel for pouch or prismatic cells to form the core of the cell. This manufacturing process is essential for the production of conventional cells used in various applications.

[0007] Conventional 2D electrode stack structures in cells are not without disadvantages. First, using copper (Cu) and / or aluminum (Al) foils as both the substrate and current collector within the electrodes increases the volume of the cell and ultimately reduces energy density. Additionally, these metal foils contribute significantly to the total weight of the cell, negatively affecting the cell's gravimetric energy density.

[0008] Second, in this structure, the electrical connections of the taps are complex, and the long path that current must travel through the taps results in high electrical resistance. This increased resistance concentrates the current flow at the taps, causing localized heat generation near the taps, which ultimately accelerates cell degradation.

[0009] Furthermore, due to the inherently high electrical resistance of the tabs and metal foil, the cell tends to heat up significantly during operation. Consequently, the layered arrangement of the electrode sheets accumulates excessive heat at the center of the cell, resulting in elevated temperatures that accelerate cell degradation.

[0010] Additionally, stacked cell core designs with alternating polymer separator membranes impede thermal conductivity in the thickness direction of the core, resulting in slower heat dissipation. These temperature-related issues, including cooling rates and heat concentration, limit the cell's lifespan and high-speed charging capabilities. Furthermore, conventional 2D electrode stack structures have several disadvantages related to energy density, electrical resistance, localized heat generation, and overall cell lifespan.

[0011] Although KR20130021784A discloses an electrode assembly, a pouch, and an electrolyte-containing structure, the assembly process itself can be considerably complex because the positions of multiple electrode plates and separators must be coordinated. This complexity can lead to increased manufacturing costs and potential assembly errors. Furthermore, the presence of multiple components and layers within the assembly introduces a risk of internal short circuits or other operational problems, which can affect the overall reliability of the system.

[0012] U.S. Patent US8277970B2 discloses a pouch-type secondary battery having an unsealed residual portion, and more specifically, discloses a secondary battery comprising an electrode assembly mounted in a sealed state within a pouch-type battery case, wherein an unsealed residual portion (non-sealed residual portion) is defined to collect generated gas between the sealed portion of the battery case and the electrode assembly, and the non-sealed residual portion is formed on the outer side of the electrode assembly receiving portion adjacent to one side of the sealed portion. However, although intended for gas collection, the introduction of the non-sealed residual portion adds complexity to both the overall structure of the battery and the assembly process. This complexity may result in higher manufacturing costs and increase the possibility of errors or defects during production, potentially affecting the reliability and safety of the battery. Furthermore, because the unconventional structure may not fit seamlessly into existing battery compartments or structures, the presence of the non-sealed residual portion may make it more difficult to package and integrate the battery into various applications. These limitations restrict the universality and applicability of batteries in different devices or systems.

[0013] Therefore, a modified electrode cell is needed to solve the problems faced in conventional structures. The problem to be solved

[0014] The main objective of the present invention is to provide an electrochemical cell based on a multidimensional electrode structure that essentially provides higher energy density per volume and per weight.

[0015] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell that eliminates the need for a metal substrate to achieve higher energy density per volume and per weight.

[0016] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell that significantly reduces heat generation by rearranging the flow of current across the terminals through a cell stack structure so that the path length is much shorter and the current is distributed over a wider cross-sectional area.

[0017] Another objective of the present invention is to provide an electrochemical cell based on a multidimensional electrode structure that eliminates the need for a tab.

[0018] Another objective of the present invention is to provide an electrochemical cell based on a multidimensional electrode structure in which heat generation itself is significantly reduced due to the absence of a tab. means of solving the problem

[0019] The present invention relates to an electrochemical cell based on a multidimensional electrode structure, the primary purpose of which is to achieve higher energy density, eliminate the need for a metal substrate, reduce heat generation, and achieve shorter current paths and wider current distributions. Additionally, the present invention simplifies the structure and further reduces heat generation by eliminating the need for tabs.

[0020] In one embodiment, the present invention provides an electrochemical cell based on a multidimensional electrode structure comprising a plurality of layers including a lower current collector layer, an anode layer, a separator layer, a cathode layer, an adhesive layer, and an upper current collector layer. The anode layer includes a plurality of blind holes, and the upper surface of the anode layer and the inner surface of the blind holes are coated with a separator material. The separator layer facilitates the flow of lithium ions between the anode layer and the cathode layer but blocks the passage of electrons, thereby preventing an electrical short circuit. The blind holes are subsequently filled with a fin-shaped cathode material. Additionally, an adhesive layer is applied to the upper surface of the cathode layer, and a conductive layer functions as an upper current collector positioned on the adhesive layer. To facilitate one or more electrical connections between the cathode layer and the upper current collector layer and to complete the electrical circuit, a conductive component acts as a lower current collector and is attached to the lower surface of the anode layer. The arrangement of the plurality of layers forms a multidimensional electrode cell.

[0021] The above-described objects and advantages of the present invention will become clear from the brief description of the drawings, the detailed description of the invention, and the appended claims. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0022] An understanding of the electrochemical cell based on the multidimensional electrode structure of the present invention can be obtained by referring to the following drawings: FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an electrochemical cell based on a multidimensional electrode structure according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 3a, FIGS. 3b and FIGS. 3c are cross-sectional views of a multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4a is an exploded view of a multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4b is a cross-sectional view of an electrochemical cell based on a multidimensional electrode structure according to one embodiment of the present invention. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0023] The present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated. However, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, the embodiments are provided to ensure that the disclosure is sufficient and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0024] Many aspects of the present invention may be better understood by referring to the drawings below. The components of the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. Instead, the focus is on clearly describing the components of the present invention. Also, the same reference numerals across the drawings indicate corresponding components. Before describing at least one embodiment of the present invention, it should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited in their application to the details of the configuration and the arrangement of components presented in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The embodiments of the present invention may be carried out and performed in various ways. Furthermore, the phrases and terms used in this specification are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as restrictive.

[0025] The present invention relates to an electrochemical cell based on a multidimensional electrode structure that eliminates the need for tabs and reduces heat generation.

[0026] In one embodiment, the present invention provides an electrochemical cell based on a multidimensional electrode structure comprising a plurality of layers including a lower current collector layer, an anode layer, a separator layer, a cathode layer, an adhesive layer, and an upper current collector layer. The anode layer includes a plurality of blind holes, and the upper surface of the anode layer and the inner surface of the blind holes are coated with a separator material. The separator layer facilitates the flow of lithium ions between the anode layer and the cathode layer but blocks the passage of electrons, thereby preventing an electrical short circuit. The blind holes are subsequently filled with a fin-shaped cathode material. Additionally, an adhesive layer is applied to the upper surface of the cathode layer, and this conductive layer functions as an upper current collector positioned on the adhesive layer. To facilitate one or more electrical connections between the cathode layer and the upper current collector layer and to complete the electrical circuit, a conductive component acts as a lower current collector and is attached to the lower surface of the anode layer. An arrangement of such a plurality of layers forms a multidimensional electrode cell.

[0027] FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell according to one embodiment of the present invention. The multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell (100) includes a plurality of layers including, but not limited to, an anode layer (1), a separator layer (2), a cathode layer (3), an adhesive layer (4), an upper current collector layer (5) and a lower current collector layer (6).

[0028] The anode layer (1) of the electrochemical cell (100) based on a multidimensional electrode structure is an electrode where oxidation occurs during an electrochemical reaction. The anode layer (1) acts as a negative electrode, and the anode layer (1) emits a plurality of electrons to the circuit. In one embodiment, the anode layer (1) not only acts as an electrode but also interacts with surrounding materials such as an electrolyte. In addition, in another embodiment, the dimensions and structure of the anode layer (1) are not limited and may vary according to requirements. The anode layer (1) facilitates the flow of a set of ions into the electrochemical cell (100) based on a multidimensional electrode structure, and the anode layer (1) includes a plurality of blind holes that increase the flow of the set of ions. In addition, in one embodiment, the anode layer (1) has a fin-shaped structure, and the cathode layer (3) has a plurality of blind holes.

[0029] The separator layer (2) physically separates the anode layer (1) and the cathode layer (3) to block direct contact between the two layers, thereby preventing a short circuit and allowing multiple ions to pass through. In one embodiment, the separator layer (2) is preferably made of a porous material that is electrically insulating but allows the transmission of ions in order to prevent electrical short circuit problems.

[0030] The cathode layer (3) acts as an electrode where reduction occurs during an electrochemical reaction. In one embodiment, the cathode layer (3) is composed of cathode active materials known to experts in the art, along with standard conductive additives and binders. The cathode layer (3) enables the electrochemical cell based on a multidimensional electrode structure to store and release energy. The cathode layer (3) provides a set of ions that allow intercalation in the anode layer (1). Additionally, in one embodiment, the anode layer (3) has a pin-shaped structure.

[0031] The adhesive layer (4) acts as an intermediate layer to improve bonding or adhesion in a multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell in order to maintain the integrity and performance of the multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell. The adhesive layer (4) facilitates a set of electrical connections between the cathode layer (3) and the upper current collector layer (5).

[0032] The upper current collector layer (5) and the lower current collector layer (6) complete the electrical circuit of the multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell (100). The upper current collector layer (5) and the lower current collector layer (6) collect and transport a plurality of electrons to and from the anode layer (1) and the cathode layer (3) during the charge and discharge cycle. In one embodiment, the upper current collector layer (5) and the lower current collector layer (6) do not participate in the electrochemical reaction but facilitate the flow of electricity in the multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell. In another embodiment, the upper current collector layer (5) and the lower current collector layer (6) are composed of a highly conductive material such as copper, aluminum, or other conductive substrates that provide high electrical conductivity and chemical stability.

[0033] The arrangement of layers within an electrochemical cell based on a multidimensional electrode structure is not limited to any specific configuration or order. Various alternative arrangements and combinations of layers are within the scope of the invention. FIG. 1 is exemplary and does not limit the arrangement of layers. Additionally, the layers may be modified or changed without departing from the intended scope of the invention.

[0034] The anode layer (1) includes a plurality of blind holes, the height of the anode layer (1) varies to suit the desired form factor, and the depth of these blind holes is 0.1 to 2 mm smaller than the height of the anode layer (1). In addition, both the upper surface of the anode layer (1) and the inner surface of the blind holes are coated with a separator material.

[0035] The blind holes are intended to ensure that one or more cathode pins do not pass through the anode layer (1). Additionally, the bottom portion of the blind holes is designed so that a separator layer (2) is formed on this bottom as well, thereby preventing the cathode pins from contacting the current collector layer (5) at the bottom of the stack and causing a short circuit. The stack is obtained after the placement of all layers of the multidimensional electrodes.

[0036] In one embodiment, the blind holes are cylindrical or conical cavities drilled or formed in the anode layer (1). The blind holes prevent the cathode pins from reaching or penetrating the anode layer (1), thereby preventing any potential short circuit or misalignment with the electrochemical cell based on the multidimensional electrode structure.

[0037] The dimensions of the blind holes described herein are not limited to any specific measurements. The scope of the invention may include various sizes and proportions of the blind holes. The dimensions and arrangement of the blind holes may be adjusted or changed without departing from the intended scope of the invention.

[0038] The separator layer (2) facilitates the flow of lithium ions between the anode layer (1) and the cathode layer (3), but blocks the passage of electrons to prevent an electrical short circuit. The thickness of the separator layer (2) is within the range of 5 to 150 micrometers and coats the blind holes of the anode layer (1). The blind holes are then filled with a fin-shaped cathode material.

[0039] Fin-shaped cathode materials consist of a set of cathode active material powders connected to a network of conductive additives (metal / carbon) held together by a standard battery-grade polymer binder. The fin shape refers to a cylindrical fin form that offers geometric advantages in terms of ion transport, thereby allowing ion transport across thicker electrodes (diameters) without altering reaction rate characteristic values.

[0040] The separator layer (2) is composed of one or more ceramic powders, plumers, and fibers (i.e., a mixture of aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide, boron nitride, and other components) that form a porous layer and are held together by a binder (e.g., a standard battery electrode binder). The separator layer (2) provides thermomechanical stability and electrochemical stability, and also assists in ion transport.

[0041] Additionally, an adhesive layer (4) is applied to the upper surface of the cathode layer (3), and a conductive layer acts as an upper current collector layer (5) located above the adhesive layer (4). The adhesive layer (4) facilitates one or more electrical connections between the cathode layer and the upper current collector layer (5). Furthermore, to complete the electrical circuit, a conductive component acting as a lower current collector layer (6) is attached to the lower surface of the anode layer (1).

[0042] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an electrochemical cell based on a multidimensional electrode structure according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3b and FIG. 3c are cross-sectional views of a multidimensional electrode cell according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] The present invention does not require a metal substrate and thus provides higher energy density per volume and per weight, and also the reconfiguration of the current flow path across the cell (100) terminals shortens the path length while facilitating current distribution over a greatly expanded cross-sectional area. The result of these features is a reduction in heat generation during the operation of the cell (100).

[0044] Additionally, the multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell (100) is configured to eliminate the problem of current concentration and associated overheating by removing tabs or connectors.

[0045] In addition, the electrochemical cell (100) based on a multidimensional electrode structure eliminates the need for complex cooling mechanisms typically required to mitigate heat-related problems in conventional cells. Furthermore, as a result of the ability of the present invention to maintain a lower operating temperature, the cell can be charged more quickly.

[0046] The multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell (100) includes an insulator cap (7) (shown in FIG. 4a and FIG. 4b) to provide insulation between the anode layer (1) and the cathode layer (3).

[0047] The insulator cap (7) is an optional component of the multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell (100).

[0048] In one embodiment, the structure of the electrochemical cell (100) based on a multidimensional electrode structure is reversible with respect to the anode layer (1) and the cathode layer (3). All of these configurations are conveniently used with respect to the remaining configuration, namely, the cathode layer (3) having a blind hole structure and the anode layer (1) having a pin-shaped structure.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] Exemplary operation of an electrochemical cell based on a multidimensional electrode structure

[0051] The present invention provides an electrochemical cell based on a multidimensional electrode structure having an extended lifespan and high-speed charging capacity achieved by removing a metal substrate, optimizing the current flow path, and eliminating the need for a tap.

[0052] During the charging process, a set of Li ions is emitted from the cathode active material crystal lattice structure (i.e., the cathode layer (3)) along with an equal number of electrons. The Li ions enter the electrolyte phase, which fills the pores of the cathode layer (3), the separator layer (3), and the anode layer (1), thus providing a continuum through which the ions can move across the stack. On the other hand, electrons cannot move through the electrolyte but can move through a network of conductive additives to multiple terminals and from there enter an external circuit.

[0053] Li ions travel through the electrolyte across the membrane layer (3) and reach the surface of the anode layer (1).

[0054] Electrons move to another terminal through an external circuit, and from there move through a conductive additive network distributed throughout the anode layer (1) to reach the surface of the anode layer (1). After that, Li ions and electrons recombine at the surface of the anode layer (1) and enter the anode lattice structure of the anode layer (1).

[0055] In addition, during the discharge process, the reverse process takes place. Furthermore, the three-dimensional structure of the present invention changes the geometric structure of cell stacks from flat layers to a structure in which cathode fins within a honeycomb-shaped anode matrix interlock with ceramic separator layers between them. Additionally, the three-dimensional structure changes the geometric structure of the electron and ion paths. The transport mechanism remains the same.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] Exemplary implementation of an electrochemical cell based on a multidimensional electrode structure

[0058] The present invention provides an electrochemical cell based on a multidimensional electrode structure. Additionally, all layers of the present invention are attached to each other by pure mechanical contact (i.e., pressure) or through deposition.

[0059] The anode layer (1) is fixed onto the lower current collector layer (6) by applying an appropriate amount of pressure. The separator layer (2) is attached onto the anode layer (1) by deposition (e.g., slurry casting / slip casting / spraying / coating, etc.). The cathode layer (3) is attached by pure insertion and is held in place through an interlocking geometry (friction prevents relative movement between the separator layer (2) and the cathode layer (3)).

[0060] After that, the upper current collector layer (5) is connected to the cathode pin by a carbon adhesive layer through the application of an appropriate amount of pressure. The multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell (100) includes an insulator cap (7) to provide insulation between the anode layer (1) and the cathode layer (3).

[0061] Example 3

[0062] Experimental Analysis

[0063] The present invention provides an electrochemical cell based on a multidimensional electrode structure having an extended lifespan and high-speed charging capacity achieved by removing a metal substrate, optimizing the current flow path, and eliminating the need for a tap.

[0064] In addition, conventional cell designs use copper and aluminum foils as substrates for coating an electrode layer that accounts for about 20-25% of the cell mass. In the present invention, there is no need to use these metal foils as substrates, and thus the energy density is potentially increased by 25-33%.

[0065] Since battery cell degradation in Li-ion batteries is primarily governed by electrolyte degradation or the participation of electrolyte molecules in parasitic reactions, the present invention significantly improves the cycle life of the battery. As with all reactions, these parasitic reactions require energy, and this energy is provided in the form of heat during the charging process. If the resistance is reduced by a factor of 10, heat generation is also reduced by a factor of 1 / 10, and consequently, the degree of parasitic reactions is potentially reduced, and consequently, cell degradation is also reduced. Therefore, potentially, the cycle life of the electrochemical cell based on the multidimensional electrode structure of the present invention is extended by up to 10 times.

[0066] Accordingly, the present invention provides an electrochemical cell based on a multidimensional electrode structure having an extended lifespan and high-speed charging capacity, achieved by removing a metal substrate, optimizing the current flow path, and eliminating the need for a tap.

[0067] Many modifications and other embodiments of the invention set forth in this specification will readily occur to a person skilled in the art who benefits from the teachings set forth in the foregoing descriptions and the associated drawings. Accordingly, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, and that modifications and other embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims. Specific terms are used in this specification, but are used only in a general and descriptive sense and are not intended to be limiting.

[0068] The foregoing description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative and illustrative purposes only. It is not intended to limit or encompass the present invention in the exact form disclosed, and modifications and variations may be possible in light of the foregoing teachings or obtained from the practice of the present invention. The embodiments have been selected and described to illustrate the principles of the present invention and their practical applications in order to enable those skilled in the art to utilize the present invention in various embodiments and with various modifications suitable for the specific use being considered.

Claims

Claim 1 As a multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell (100), an anode layer (1); a separator layer (2); The electrochemical cell (100) based on a multidimensional electrode structure comprises an upper current collector layer (5), an adhesive layer (4), and a lower current collector layer (6); the anode layer (1) facilitates the flow of a set of ions into the electrochemical cell (100) based on a multidimensional electrode structure, and the anode layer (1) includes a plurality of blind holes that increase the flow of the set of ions; the cathode layer (3) provides a set of ions that allow intercalation within the anode layer (1), and the cathode layer (3) has a fin-shaped structure; the separator layer (2) facilitates the flow of a set of ions between the anode layer (1) and the cathode layer (3) to prevent electrical short circuit problems; and the adhesive layer (4) facilitates a set of electrical connections between the cathode layer (3) and the upper current collector layer (5). The above upper current collector layer (5) and the above lower current collector layer (6) complete the electrical circuit of the multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell (100). Claim 2 In claim 1, the anode layer (1), the separator layer (2), the cathode layer (3), the upper current collector layer (5), the adhesive layer (4), and the lower current collector layer (6) are attached to each other through at least one of a mechanical contact process and a deposition process, in a multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell (100). Claim 3 In claim 1, the plurality of blind holes have a depth in the range of 0.1 mm to 2 mm smaller than the anode height, in a multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell (100). Claim 4 In claim 1, the inner surface of the plurality of blind holes is coated with a separator material, in a multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell (100). Claim 5 In claim 1, the plurality of blind holes are filled with a pin-shaped cathode material, in a multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell (100). Claim 6 In claim 1, the plurality of blind holes ensure movement of a pin-shaped cathode material through the anode layer (1), in a multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell (100). Claim 7 In claim 1, the pin-shaped cathode material is composed of a predetermined amount of cathode active material powder that enables the transport of a plurality of ions without a change in reaction rate kinetics, in a multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell (100). Claim 8 In claim 1, the anode layer (1) has a pin-shaped structure and the cathode layer (3) has a plurality of blind holes, a multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell (100). Claim 9 In claim 1, the separator layer (2) is interposed between the cathode layer (3) and the anode layer (1), forming a multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell (100). Claim 10 In claim 1, the separator layer (2) has a thickness in the range of 5 to 150 micrometers, in a multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell (100). Claim 11 In claim 1, the separator layer (2) is composed of one or more ceramic powders, polymers, and fibers, forming a multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell (100). Claim 12 In claim 1, the adhesive layer (4) is interposed between the cathode layer (3) and the upper current collector layer (5), forming a multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell (100). Claim 13 In claim 1, the upper current collector layer (5) is attached to the upper surface of the adhesive layer (4), forming a multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell (100). Claim 14 In claim 1, the lower current collector layer (6) is attached to the lower surface of the anode layer (1), forming a multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell (100). Claim 15 In claim 1, the multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell (100) achieves an energy density increase in the range of 25% to 33%. Claim 16 In claim 1, the multidimensional electrode structure-based electrochemical cell (100) comprises an insulator cap (7) for providing insulation between the anode layer (1) and the cathode layer (3).

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