Battery Monitoring System

Abstract

Various embodiments of the present specification relate to a battery monitoring system, wherein the battery monitoring system may include a plurality of sensing ICs connected to each of a battery module comprising n battery cells to determine abnormalities in the battery module and the battery cells; a communication IC connected in a daisy chain to the plurality of sensing ICs to transmit or receive a communication signal; and a microcomputer connected to the communication IC to receive status information of the plurality of sensing ICs through the communication IC or to control the sensing ICs, wherein each of the plurality of sensing ICs switches between an active state and an inactive state according to a period and a state duration preset by the microcomputer and can determine abnormalities in the battery module and the battery cells.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] Various embodiments of this specification relate to a battery monitoring system. Background Technology

[0003] In vehicles such as electric vehicles (EVs) that utilize large-capacity batteries and electric motors as power sources, and hybrid electric vehicles that combine internal combustion engines, batteries, and electric motors as power sources, sensing or monitoring semiconductors are essential for monitoring the battery to determine its normal operation. Since issues such as overheating or overcurrent in the battery pack can cause damage to the battery, long-term and periodic inspections of the battery pack using sensing or monitoring semiconductors are required. Sensing or monitoring semiconductors are referred to as sensing ICs; they are directly connected to a battery cell or a battery module formed by connecting multiple battery cells in series, receive power to operate, and determine the normal operation of the connected battery cell or battery module.

[0004] A sensing IC can be connected to a communication IC. Through the communication IC, the sensing IC can perform data communication with a central processing and control unit, such as a microcomputer or a microcontroller unit (MCU). The microcomputer or MCU can control the sensing IC to measure battery modules and battery cells to determine their status. Therefore, if the sensing IC does not receive a control signal from the microcomputer, there is a problem in that the sensing IC cannot detect that there is a problem with the battery module or battery cell, and even if it does detect a problem, it cannot transmit this information to the microcomputer. The problem to be solved

[0006] Accordingly, the various embodiments of this specification aim to provide a battery monitoring system capable of efficient, fast, and stable diagnosis of battery abnormalities in order to solve the aforementioned problems.

[0007] The technical problems to be solved in this specification are not limited to those mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure belongs from the description below. means of solving the problem

[0009] According to one embodiment, a battery monitoring system may include a plurality of sensing ICs connected to each of a battery module comprising n battery cells to determine abnormalities in the battery module and the battery cells, a communication IC connected in a daisy chain with the plurality of sensing ICs to transmit or receive a communication signal, and a microcomputer connected to the communication IC to receive status information of the plurality of sensing ICs through the communication IC or to control the sensing ICs, wherein each of the plurality of sensing ICs switches between an active state and an inactive state according to a period and a state duration preset by the microcomputer and can determine abnormalities in the battery module and the battery cells.

[0010] Additionally, the sensing IC may include a data transmission / reception unit that transmits or receives a communication signal by being daisy-chained with the remaining sensing IC among the plurality of sensing ICs and the communication IC; a battery monitoring and diagnosis unit that diagnoses abnormalities in the battery module and the battery cell based on the results of measuring the battery module and the battery cell; and a cycle diagnosis counter that changes the sensing IC to an active state or an inactive state according to a set cycle and state duration based on a control signal received from the microcomputer.

[0011] In addition, the microcontroller can individually set the period and duration of the active and inactive states of each of the plurality of sensing ICs.

[0012] In addition, the plurality of sensing ICs and the communication ICs of the battery monitoring system according to one embodiment can be connected in series to form a loop and form a bidirectional daisy chain.

[0013] In addition, the microcontroller can transmit control signals to both directions of the bidirectional daisy chain connected to the communication IC to set or change the state change cycle and state duration of the target sensing IC.

[0014] Additionally, the data transmission and reception unit of the sensing IC to be changed can transmit the control signal to the battery monitoring and diagnostic unit of the sensing IC to be changed upon receiving the control signal, and the battery monitoring and diagnostic unit of the sensing IC to be changed can set or change the state change cycle and state duration of the sensing IC to be changed based on the control signal, and the data transmission and reception unit of a sensing IC other than the sensing IC to be changed can relay the control signal to an adjacent sensing IC connected in a daisy chain upon receiving the control signal.

[0015] According to another embodiment, the plurality of sensing ICs and the communication ICs can be connected in series to form a unidirectional daisy chain.

[0016] In addition, the microcontroller can transmit a control signal to set or change the state change cycle and state duration of the target sensing IC in a unidirectional daisy chain connected to the communication IC.

[0017] Additionally, the data transmission and reception unit of the sensing IC to be changed can transmit the control signal to the battery monitoring and diagnostic unit of the sensing IC to be changed upon receiving the control signal, and the battery monitoring and diagnostic unit of the sensing IC to be changed can set or change the state change cycle and state duration of the sensing IC to be changed based on the control signal, and the data transmission and reception unit of a sensing IC other than the sensing IC to be changed can relay the control signal to an adjacent sensing IC connected in a daisy chain upon receiving the control signal.

[0018] In addition, the sensing IC can diagnose abnormalities in the battery module and the battery cell while in an active state, and can maintain an active state when an abnormality in the battery module and the battery cell is detected, and can transmit a status signal containing information regarding the abnormality to the microcomputer, and can terminate the active state and become inactive upon receiving a confirmation signal transmitted by the microcomputer.

[0019] In addition, the microcontroller can switch between an active state and an inactive state at regular intervals, control the sensing IC in the active state, and if it is in the inactive state upon receiving the status signal, it can immediately switch to the active state.

[0020] A sensing IC according to one embodiment may include a data transmission and reception unit that transmits or receives a communication signal by being daisy-chained with other sensing ICs and communication ICs, a battery monitoring and diagnosis unit that diagnoses abnormalities in the battery module and the battery cells based on the results of measuring each of the plurality of battery cells of the battery module, and a cycle diagnosis counter that changes the operating state to an active state or an inactive state based on a set cycle and state duration based on a control signal received from a microcomputer connected to the communication IC.

[0021] In addition, when the data transmission and reception unit receives the control signal, if the target of the control signal is itself, it transmits the control signal to the battery monitoring and diagnostic unit, and if the target of the control signal is not itself, it relays the control signal to another adjacent sensing IC in the daisy chain. Effects of the invention

[0023] According to one embodiment, a battery monitoring system including a sensing IC capable of independently switching to an active or inactive state and controlling the state switching cycle is provided, so that abnormalities in the battery pack can be transmitted efficiently, stably, and quickly from the sensing IC to the microcontroller.

[0024] The effects obtainable in this specification are not limited to those mentioned above, and other unmentioned effects will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure belongs from the description below. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0026] Figure 1 is a diagram briefly illustrating the connection and information exchange between a battery module and a sensing IC. FIGS. 2a and 2b are circuit diagrams illustrating a battery monitoring system and the direction of movement of a signal according to one embodiment. FIGS. 3a and 3b are circuit diagrams illustrating a battery monitoring system and the direction of movement of a signal according to another embodiment. FIG. 4 is a diagram briefly illustrating the structure of a sensing IC according to one embodiment. Figure 5 is a timing diagram showing the battery abnormality diagnosis process of the sensing IC. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0027] The advantages and features of this specification and the methods for achieving them will become clear by referring to the embodiments described below in detail together with the accompanying drawings. However, this specification is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below but may be implemented in various different forms; these embodiments are provided merely to ensure that the disclosure of this specification is complete and to fully inform those skilled in the art of the scope of the disclosure, and this specification is defined only by the scope of the claims. Throughout the specification, the same reference numerals refer to the same components.

[0028] When one component is referred to as being "connected to" or "coupled to" another component, it includes cases where it is directly connected or coupled to the other component, or cases where another component is interposed. Conversely, when one component is referred to as being "directly connected to" or "directly coupled to" another component, it indicates that no other component is interposed. "And / or" includes each of the mentioned items and all combinations of one or more of them.

[0029] The terms used herein are for describing the embodiments and are not intended to be limiting. In this specification, the singular form includes the plural form unless specifically stated otherwise in the text. As used herein, "comprises" and / or "comprising" do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other components, steps, actions, and / or elements to the mentioned components, steps, actions, and / or elements.

[0030] Although terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used to describe various components, it goes without saying that these components are not limited by these terms. These terms are used merely to distinguish one component from another.

[0031] Therefore, it is obvious that the first component mentioned below may be the second component within the technical scope of this specification. Unless otherwise defined, all terms used in this specification (including technical and scientific terms) may be used in a meaning that is commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this specification belongs. Furthermore, terms defined in commonly used dictionaries are not to be interpreted ideally or excessively unless explicitly and specifically defined otherwise.

[0032] The terms 'part' or 'module' used in this embodiment refer to software or hardware components such as FPGAs or ASICs, and the 'part' or 'module' performs certain roles. However, the meaning of 'part' or 'module' is not limited to software or hardware. The 'part' or 'module' may be configured to reside in an addressable storage medium or configured to run one or more processors. Thus, as an example, the 'part' or 'module' may include components such as software components, object-oriented software components, class components, and task components, as well as processes, functions, attributes, procedures, subroutines, segments of program code, drivers, firmware, microcode, circuits, data, databases, data structures, tables, arrays, and variables. The components and functions provided within the 'part' or 'module' may be combined into a smaller number of components and 'part' or 'module', or further separated into additional components and 'part' or 'module'.

[0033] Steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with some embodiments of this specification may be directly implemented in hardware, software modules, or a combination of both, executed by a processor. Software modules may reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disks, removable disks, CD-ROMs, or any other form of recording medium known in the art. An exemplary recording medium is coupled to a processor, and the processor can read information from the recording medium and write information to the storage medium. Alternatively, the recording medium may be integral with the processor. The processor and the recording medium may reside within an Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC). The ASIC may reside within a user terminal.

[0034] Hereinafter, embodiments of this specification are described in detail with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily implement them. However, this specification may be implemented in various different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0035] Although this specification has been described with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings, this is merely illustrative, and those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and equivalent alternative embodiments are possible therefrom. Accordingly, the true technical scope of protection of this specification should be determined by the technical spirit of the appended claims.

[0037] Figure 1 is a diagram briefly illustrating the connection and information exchange between a battery module and a sensing IC.

[0038] A battery module may include n natural numbers of battery cells connected in series. Generally, electric vehicles require a power source capable of providing high voltages of several hundred volts or more. Therefore, in battery systems for electric vehicles, it is necessary to design a battery structure capable of providing high voltages by connecting multiple battery cells in series to form a battery module and connecting multiple battery modules in series.

[0039] Referring to FIG. 1, a plurality of battery modules (20) may be connected in series via a bus bar (30). A sensing IC (40) is connected to a battery cell of a battery module (20) to receive power and can detect abnormalities in the battery module (20) and the battery cell. The sensing IC (40) may include n channels, and each channel corresponds to and is connected to a battery cell of a battery module (20) to measure the voltage, current, temperature, etc. of the battery cell. According to one embodiment, the sensing IC (40) may correspond to and be connected to a battery module (20) in a one-to-one manner, or may correspond to and be connected to a plurality of battery modules (20) to detect abnormalities in the battery module (20) and the battery cell. Additionally, a plurality of sensing ICs (40) may correspond to and be connected to one or more battery modules (20) to detect abnormalities in the battery module (20). If the sensing IC (40) and the battery module (20) are not connected in a one-to-one manner, the number of channels of the sensing IC (40) can be designed to be changed to match the number of battery modules (20) and battery cells being measured. Multiple sensing ICs (40) can be connected in series as illustrated.

[0040] FIGS. 2a and 2b are circuit diagrams illustrating a battery monitoring system and the direction of movement of a signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Referring to FIG. 2a, N battery modules (20), which are a natural number greater than or equal to 1, and a sensing IC (40) can be connected one-to-one, and the sensing IC can detect abnormalities in the battery modules (20) by measuring voltage, temperature, etc. from each battery module (20). Each battery module (20) includes n battery cells, and accordingly, the sensing IC (40) has n channels and can receive information such as voltage, current, and temperature from the battery cells (10) of the battery modules (20). The battery modules (20) and the sensing IC (40) connected in series can be referred to as the first to Nth battery modules (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26) and the first to Nth sensing ICs (41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46), respectively, and can be connected in correspondence as shown. The first to Nth sensing ICs (41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46) connected in series can be connected to a communication IC (47) to form a data chain. The communication IC (47) can transmit data transmitted from the sensing IC (40) to a microcomputer (Micom) or a Micro Controller Unit (MCU) (hereinafter referred to as microcomputer) (48), or transmit control signals coming from the microcomputer (48) to the sensing IC (40) through the daisy chain. The first to Nth sensing ICs (41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46) can be connected to the microcomputer (48) through the communication IC (47), and the microcomputer (48) can control the operation of the sensing IC (40).

[0042] The sensing IC (40) can alternate between an active state (Wake Up) and an inactive state (Sleep). When the sensing IC (40) is in an active state, all circuits related to the sensor are activated, enabling monitoring of the battery module (20) and battery cells, and transmitting detected information to the microcontroller (48). When the sensing IC (40) is in an inactive state, the internal main circuits can be deactivated, and in this case, monitoring of the battery cells is not possible. However, the data transmission and reception unit connected in a daisy chain can always remain active. Since keeping the sensing IC (40) in an active state at all times increases the power consumption of the battery monitoring system and shortens the lifespan of the sensing IC (40), the sensing IC (40) can be operated by periodically alternating between an active state and an inactive state.

[0043] According to one embodiment, the microcomputer (48) can set or change the change cycle of the active state and the inactive state of the sensing IC (40) and the duration of each state. After the setting or change by the microcomputer (48), the sensing IC (40) can be operated by constantly changing between the active state and the inactive state according to the preset cycle and state duration without the microcomputer (48) providing a separate control signal. At this time, the cycle and state duration of each sensing IC (40) set by the microcomputer (48) may differ for each sensing IC (40). That is, the microcomputer (48) can individually set the cycle and state duration of each sensing IC (40). If necessary, the microcomputer (48) may immediately change the sensing IC (40) in the inactive state to the active state. In the circuit diagram illustrated in FIG. 2a, the microcomputer (48) can set and change the state change cycle and the duration of each state of one of the first to Nth sensing ICs (41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46) through the communication IC (47). At this time, the microcomputer (48) can set and change the state change cycle and the duration of each state of one of the first to Nth sensing ICs (41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46) by transmitting the same control signal (100) from the communication IC (47) toward the direction of the Nth sensing IC (46) and toward the first sensing IC (41). By transmitting the same control signal (100) in both directions of the communication IC (47), the microcomputer (48) can quickly set and change the state change cycle and the duration of each state of a specific sensing IC (40) without the process of calculating a separate signal transmission direction.

[0044] Referring to FIG. 2b, the active sensing IC (40) can transmit a status signal (110), which is the result of detecting an abnormal or normal state of the battery module (20) or battery cell, to the microcomputer (48) via the communication IC (47). In this case, similarly, the status signal (110) can be transmitted bidirectionally, similar to when setting the state change cycle of the sensing IC (40) and the duration of each state. For example, the fourth sensing IC (44) can transmit the same status signal (110) to the fifth sensing IC (45) and the third sensing IC (43). This also enables rapid signal transmission by quickly transmitting the status signal (110) to the microcomputer (48) through a bidirectional daisy chain without the need to calculate a separate signal transmission direction.

[0045] FIGS. 3a and 3b are circuit diagrams illustrating a battery monitoring system and the direction of movement of a signal according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Referring to FIG. 3a, the microcontroller (48), communication IC (47), and first to Nth sensing ICs (41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46) of the battery monitoring system are connected in series in order, that is, connected in a daisy chain, and can be configured in an open circuit form where the Nth sensing IC (46) and the communication IC (47) are not directly connected. At this time, the microcontroller (48) can set the period and state duration of one of the first to Nth sensing ICs (41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46) by transmitting a control signal (100) through the communication IC (47) toward the first sensing IC (41).

[0047] Referring to FIG. 3b, the active sensing IC (40) can transmit a status signal (110), which is the result of detecting an abnormal or normal state of the battery module (20) or battery cell, to the microcomputer (48) via the communication IC (47). At this time, unlike the structure shown in FIG. 3a and 3b, the active sensing IC (40) can transmit the status signal (110) in only one direction toward the communication IC (47). For example, the third sensing IC (43) can transmit the status signal (110) toward the second sensing IC (42). Compared to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b, the embodiments shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b may require a separate buffer as the signal may pass through a relatively large number of sensing ICs (40) to reach the microcontroller (48), and the time required for signal transmission may be longer, but some of the data transmission and reception units required for bidirectional communication are not needed, and the degree of freedom in arranging the sensing ICs (40) and other components on the substrate may be increased.

[0048] FIG. 4 is a diagram briefly illustrating the structure of a sensing IC according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Referring to FIG. 4, the sensing IC (40) may include a data transmission and reception unit (50), a battery monitoring and diagnosis unit (60), and a cycle diagnosis counter (70).

[0050] The data transmission / reception unit (50) is connected in a daisy chain with the communication IC (47) and other sensing ICs (40) to receive a signal from an adjacent sensing IC (40) or communication IC (47) and transmit it to the opposite sensing IC (40) or communication IC (47), or to receive a signal from an adjacent sensing IC (40) or communication IC (47) and extract a control signal (100). Additionally, the data transmission / reception unit (50) can transmit a status signal (110) generated by the battery monitoring and diagnostic unit (60) to the microcomputer (48) via the daisy chain. Furthermore, the data transmission / reception unit (50) can analyze the control signal (100) transmitted by the microcomputer (48) via the daisy chain, and if the target sensing IC (40) that the microcomputer (48) intends to set is a different sensing IC, it can transmit or relay the information to the adjacent sensing IC (40) as is without extracting information from the control signal (100).

[0051] The battery monitoring and diagnostic unit (60) can receive a control signal (100) (a control signal whose destination is the corresponding sensing IC (40)) received from the microcomputer (48) via a daisy chain from the data transmission and reception unit (50), and can set and change the state cycle and state duration of the sensing IC (40). In addition, the battery monitoring and diagnostic unit (60) can receive information such as voltage, current, and temperature of the battery module (20) and battery cell, determine whether there is an abnormality in the monitored battery module (20) and battery cell, and generate a state signal (110) as the result of the determination and transmit it to the data transmission and reception unit (50).

[0052] The periodic diagnostic counter (70) can be connected to the battery monitoring and diagnostic unit (60) and can generate its own clock signal. The periodic diagnostic counter (70) can independently change the sensing IC (40) to an active or inactive state based on its own clock signal according to the state change cycle and state duration set or changed by the battery monitoring and diagnostic unit (60) by the control signal (100).

[0053] Figure 5 is a timing diagram showing the battery abnormality diagnosis process of the sensing IC.

[0054] Referring to FIG. 5, the microcomputer (48), like the sensing IC (40), can be operated by switching between an active state and an inactive state at regular intervals to ensure power efficiency and device lifespan. As described above, the sensing IC (40) according to one embodiment of the present invention can be operated by periodically switching between an active state (Wake up: WU) and an inactive state (Sleep) even when the microcomputer (48) is in an inactive state and cannot transmit a separate control signal (100) according to a preset period and state duration. The sensing IC (40) can perform diagnosis of the battery module (20) and battery cell while in the active state. Therefore, the diagnosis cycle of the battery module (20) and battery cell of the sensing IC (40) may be the same as the active state cycle of the sensing IC (40). If the sensing IC (40) detects an abnormality in the battery module (20) or battery cell while in the active state, it can maintain the active state for a longer period than the existing active state duration.

[0055] The sensing IC (40) can generate a status signal (110) based on a diagnostic result flag signal generated based on an abnormality detected. Subsequently, the sensing IC (40) can transmit the generated status signal (110) to the microcomputer (48). When the microcomputer (48) receives the status signal (110) from the sensing IC (40), it can immediately switch from an inactive state to an active state. In FIG. 5, the transmission of the status signal (110) is illustrated as a microcomputer error flag. After transmitting the status signal (110) to the microcomputer (48), the sensing IC (40) can maintain an active state until it receives an acknowledgment signal (ACK Signal) from the microcomputer. When the sensing IC (40) receives the acknowledgment signal from the microcomputer (48), it can return to an inactive state.

[0056] Through the battery monitoring system described above, the sensing IC (40) can operate by periodically changing its active and inactive state on its own without separate control by the microcomputer (48) after initial setup, and accordingly, the battery module (20) and battery cell can be continuously monitored. Accordingly, the microcomputer (48) can identify abnormalities in the battery module (20) and battery cell in a stable and efficient manner.

[0057] Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to embodiments illustrated in the drawings, this is merely illustrative, and those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and equivalent alternative embodiments are possible therefrom. Accordingly, the true technical scope of protection of the present disclosure should be determined by the technical spirit of the appended claims.

Claims

Claim 1 A battery monitoring system comprising: a plurality of sensing ICs connected to each of a battery module containing n battery cells to determine abnormalities in the battery module and the battery cells; a communication IC connected in a daisy chain to the plurality of sensing ICs to transmit or receive a communication signal; and a microcomputer connected to the communication IC to receive status information of the plurality of sensing ICs through the communication IC or to control the sensing ICs, wherein each of the plurality of sensing ICs switches between an active state and an inactive state according to a period and state duration pre-set by the microcomputer and determines abnormalities in the battery module and the battery cells. Claim 2 A battery monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the sensing IC comprises: a data transmission / reception unit that transmits or receives a communication signal by being daisy-chained with the remaining sensing IC among the plurality of sensing ICs and the communication IC; a battery monitoring and diagnosis unit that diagnoses abnormalities in the battery module and the battery cell based on the results of measuring the battery module and the battery cell; and a cycle diagnosis counter that changes the sensing IC to an active state or an inactive state according to a set cycle and state duration based on a control signal received from the microcomputer. Claim 3 A battery monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the microcomputer individually sets the period and duration of the active and inactive states of each of the plurality of sensing ICs. Claim 4 A battery monitoring system according to paragraph 2, wherein the plurality of sensing ICs and the communication ICs are connected in series to form a loop and form a bidirectional daisy chain. Claim 5 A battery monitoring system according to claim 4, wherein the microcomputer transmits a control signal to both directions of a bidirectional daisy chain connected to the communication IC to set or change the state change cycle and state duration of the sensing IC to be changed. Claim 6 A battery monitoring system according to claim 5, wherein the data transmission and reception unit of the sensing IC subject to change transmits the control signal to the battery monitoring and diagnostic unit of the sensing IC subject to change upon receiving the control signal, the battery monitoring and diagnostic unit of the sensing IC subject to change sets or changes the state change cycle and state duration of the sensing IC subject to change based on the control signal, and the data transmission and reception unit of the sensing IC other than the sensing IC subject to change relays the control signal to an adjacent sensing IC connected in a daisy chain upon receiving the control signal. Claim 7 A battery monitoring system according to paragraph 2, wherein the plurality of sensing ICs and the communication ICs are connected in series to form a unidirectional daisy chain. Claim 8 A battery monitoring system according to claim 7, wherein the microcomputer transmits a control signal to set or change the state change cycle and state duration of a target sensing IC in a unidirectional daisy chain connected to the communication IC. Claim 9 A battery monitoring system according to claim 8, wherein the data transmission and reception unit of the sensing IC subject to change transmits the control signal to the battery monitoring and diagnostic unit of the sensing IC subject to change upon receiving the control signal, the battery monitoring and diagnostic unit of the sensing IC subject to change sets or changes the state change cycle and state duration of the sensing IC subject to change based on the control signal, and the data transmission and reception unit of a sensing IC other than the sensing IC subject to change relays the control signal to an adjacent sensing IC connected in a daisy chain upon receiving the control signal. Claim 10 A battery monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the sensing IC diagnoses abnormalities in the battery module and the battery cell while in an active state, maintains the active state when abnormalities in the battery module and the battery cell are detected, transmits a status signal containing information regarding the abnormalities to the microcomputer, and terminates the active state and becomes inactive when it receives a confirmation signal transmitted by the microcomputer. Claim 11 A battery monitoring system according to claim 10, wherein the microcomputer switches between an active state and an inactive state according to a fixed period, controls the sensing IC in the active state, and immediately switches to an active state if it is in the inactive state when receiving the status signal. Claim 12 A sensing IC comprising: a data transmission and reception unit connected in a daisy chain with other sensing ICs and communication ICs to transmit or receive communication signals; a battery monitoring and diagnosis unit that diagnoses abnormalities in the battery module and the battery cells based on the results of measuring each of the plurality of battery cells of the battery module; and a cycle diagnosis counter that automatically changes the operating state to an active state or an inactive state based on a set cycle and state duration based on a control signal received from a microcomputer connected to the communication IC. Claim 13 In paragraph 12, the data transmission and reception unit, when receiving the control signal, transmits the control signal to the battery monitoring and diagnostic unit if the control target of the control signal is itself, and relays the control signal to another adjacent sensing IC in a daisy chain if the control target of the control signal is not itself.

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