Inner electric motor system

Abstract

The present invention relates to an internal electric motor system that alternately applies current to individual electromagnet coils arranged at a predetermined angle through a motor control algorithm based on position information regarding a permanent magnet of an internal electric motor. In an internal electric motor in which a rotor is arranged inside a stator, the system may include a housing comprising the stator and the rotor, a magnetizing unit in which at least one iron core is arranged at a predetermined angle with respect to the transverse direction of the housing at the end of the stator located at the outermost side inside the housing and forms individual electromagnets through a forward winding coil and a reverse winding coil wound on each of the iron cores, a position detection unit in which a permanent magnet is arranged at the same angle as the magnetizing unit at the end of the rotor located at the innermost side inside the housing and detects the positions of the N pole and S pole of the permanent magnet, an active element that applies power to the magnetizing unit, and a motor driver that alternately applies power to the forward winding coil or the reverse winding coil according to the detection signal of the position detection unit.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an internal electric motor system, and more specifically, to an internal electric motor system in which a rotor is placed inside a stator, and which applies current alternately to a forward winding coil and a reverse winding coil included in individual electromagnets arranged at a predetermined angle or perpendicularly in the circumferential direction through a motor control algorithm based on position information of a permanent magnet. Background Technology

[0002] An electric motor is a mechanical device that converts electrical energy into rotational kinetic energy, a type of mechanical energy, by utilizing the force received within a magnetic field.

[0003] An electric motor consists of a rotor with coils wound around it, brushes that connect the electromagnet current, and a commutator. According to Fleming's left-hand rule, when current flows through it, the coil receives a force from the magnetic field and rotates.

[0004] At this time, the rotational force is inversely proportional to the number of turns of the coil and the strength of the current flowing through the coil.

[0005] Electric motors can be classified into DC motors (Direct Current Motors) and AC motors (Alternating Current Motors) depending on the type of power source, and AC motors can be divided into synchronous motors (SM) and induction motors (IM) depending on their structure.

[0006] An induction motor has the characteristic of generating an induced current by forming a rotating magnetic field in the stator, and generating torque by the rotor receiving an electromagnetic force and interacting with the magnetic field of the stator.

[0007] In addition, synchronous motors have the characteristic of rotating while maintaining a constant speed and include BLDC (Brushless Direct Current) and PMSM (Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor).

[0008] BLDC (Brushless Direct Current) is largely composed of a rotor and a stator, and BLDC has the characteristic of increasing durability and reducing heat generation and noise by eliminating the brushes and commutators that wear out during rotation in conventional motors.

[0009] Furthermore, because BLDC can precisely control torque or output high torque, it is widely used across various industries requiring precise movement, such as household products like air conditioners, washing machines, and refrigerators, as well as automobiles, industrial machinery, and robots.

[0010] A PMSM is configured with a structure that does not use a commutator or brushes, just like a BLDC, but while a BLDC uses scalar control to change the magnitude and direction of the current, a PMSM uses space vector control to control the magnitude and direction of the current.

[0011] In addition, PMSMs are characterized by low electromagnetic resistance because they do not use winding coils in the rotor.

[0012] Regarding technologies related to electric motors, Registered Patent Publication No. 10-2101385, Published Patent Publication No. 10-2022-0116212, and Registered Patent Publication No. 10-2677546 are known.

[0013] Registered Patent Publication No. 10-2101385 discloses a technology that enables the lightweighting and efficient manufacturing of a motor while maintaining the same motor torque generation and motor output.

[0014] Published Patent Application No. 10-2022-0116212 discloses a technology that samples the instantaneous angle of a rotor of a BLDC motor through a controller for controlling the level and phase of an input voltage supplied to individual coils, measures the input power for all phases, calculates the modulation level and phase difference values ​​of an inverter corresponding to each input voltage, and supplies them to the inverter.

[0015] Registered Patent Publication No. 10-2677546 discloses a technology that provides an in-wheel motor device capable of improving assembly and performance by configuring the rotor and sun gear as an integrated unit.

[0016] According to the prior art disclosed in Registered Patent Publication No. 10-2101385, Published Patent Publication No. 10-2022-0116212 and Registered Patent Publication No. 10-2677546, a conventional BLDC motor detects the position of a rotating permanent magnet through a Hall sensor and sends a signal to an encoder.

[0017] Then, when the encoder receives a signal and flows current in the forward or reverse direction through two of the three electromagnet coils, rotational torque is applied to the permanent magnet rotor.

[0018] These BLDCs generate heat due to reasons such as magnetic force load, iron loss load, mechanical loss load, and magnetic field load, which causes a loss in rotational output torque.

[0019] In addition, the load force of a conventional rotor is such that high thrust load is applied during rotation because the load energy is transferred to the axis center.

[0020] As such, BLDC motors have problems such as heat generation, complex design and control circuits, high initial costs, and electronic noise.

[0021] As a means to solve the previously described problem, it may be possible to construct a system in which N or S poles are alternately generated from a single iron core by winding forward and reverse coils on the iron core, thereby dispersing the rotor's thrust load outward by arranging electromagnets and permanent magnets at a predetermined angle, facilitating motor control, and increasing motor efficiency. Prior art literature

[0022] Registered Patent Publication No. 10-2101385 (Registration Date: April 9, 2020, Title: Brushless Motor) Published Patent Publication No. 10-2022-0116212 (Publication Date: August 22, 2022, Title: Optimized Brushless DC (BLDC) Motor Drive System) Registered Patent Publication No. 10-2677546 (Registration Date: June 18, 2024, Title: In-wheel Motor Device) The problem to be solved

[0023] Accordingly, the present invention is an invention conceived in accordance with the aforementioned necessity, and the main objective of the present invention is to provide an internal electric motor system that increases output torque efficiency by dispersing the thrust load of the rotor outward by arranging permanent magnets and electromagnets at a predetermined angle, increases output torque through a motor design in which N poles or S poles are alternately generated in a single iron core, and enables a motor driver to easily control the motor through a 2-phase, 4-phase, or 6-phase motor circuit. means of solving the problem

[0024] An internal electric motor system according to an embodiment of the present invention for achieving the aforementioned purpose may include a housing comprising the stator and the rotor, a magnetizing unit in which at least one iron core is arranged at a predetermined angle with respect to the transverse direction of the housing at the outermost end of the stator within the housing and an individual electromagnet is formed through a forward winding coil and a reverse winding coil wound on each of the iron cores, a position detection unit in which a permanent magnet is arranged at the same angle as the magnetizing unit at the end of the rotor at the innermost end of the housing and the position of the N pole and S pole of the permanent magnet is detected, an active element for applying power to the magnetizing unit, and a motor driver for alternately applying power to the forward winding coil or the reverse winding coil according to the detection signal of the position detection unit.

[0025] The above internal electric motor system may further include a shaft coupled to the rotor inside the rotor and rotating in response to the rotation of the rotor.

[0026] The above housing may be provided with an air outlet and an intake port on one side of the housing to discharge heat from the magnetization part.

[0027] The above internal electric motor system may further include a cooling module for cooling the heat generated from the individual electromagnets.

[0028] The cooling module may include at least one cooling turbine coupled to the shaft and a cooling channel that cools the individual electromagnet using a refrigerant pipe disposed on one side of the iron core.

[0029] The stator may further include a refrigerant intake port and a refrigerant discharge port on one side of the stator for supplying and discharging refrigerant to the cooling channel.

[0030] The above cooling channel may be characterized by receiving refrigerant from the refrigerant intake port disposed on one side of the stator, circulating the refrigerant in the refrigerant pipe, cooling the iron core as the refrigerant circulates, and then discharging the refrigerant through the refrigerant outlet.

[0031] The above housing may have an insulating resin within the housing.

[0032] The individual electromagnets are arranged at the stator end at a predetermined angle ranging from 0 to 60 degrees with respect to the transverse direction of the housing, and at least one may be arranged in the circumferential direction of the stator.

[0033] The above magnetization unit may feature individual electromagnets that form an N pole or a S pole on one of the iron cores.

[0034] The magnetization unit may be characterized by forming an N-pole electromagnet through the forward winding coil and forming an S-pole electromagnet through the reverse winding coil.

[0035] The magnetization unit may be characterized by forming an N-pole electromagnet through the forward winding coil and forming an S-pole electromagnet through the reverse winding coil.

[0036] The above position detection unit may have at least one NPN sensor on one side of the stator to detect the N pole of the permanent magnet, and at least one PNP sensor on one side of the stator to detect the S pole of the permanent magnet.

[0037] The position detection unit can detect the N and S poles of the permanent magnets when the permanent magnet rotates in the rotational direction of the rotor, and the position detection unit reaches a position at 2 / 3 or 1 / 2 of the individual electromagnet.

[0038] The above active element may be characterized by being installed in at least one internal electric motor system to apply power to the magnetization part.

[0039] The above active device may be composed of a MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) or an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor).

[0040] The motor driver may be characterized by controlling the operation of at least one active element based on the position of a permanent magnet detected by at least one NPN sensor and a PNP sensor.

[0041] The motor driver can apply power to the forward winding coil through the active element according to the detection signal when the NPN sensor detects the N pole of the permanent magnet, or apply power to the reverse winding coil through the active element according to the detection signal when the PNP sensor detects the S pole of the permanent magnet.

[0042] The motor driver may be characterized by supplying rotational force to the rotor by alternately applying power to the forward winding coil or the reverse winding coil through the active element based on the position of the N pole or S pole of the permanent magnet detected by the position detection unit.

[0043] Specific details of other embodiments are included in the detailed description and drawings. Effects of the invention

[0044] According to the means for solving the technical problem described above, the internal electric motor system according to an embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages.

[0045] First, the internal electric motor system can form N and S poles in each iron core by alternately applying power to the forward coil and the reverse coil wound on each iron core.

[0046] Second, the internal electric motor system can improve performance by approximately 35% to 40% compared to the rotational RPM of a conventional BLDC motor by arranging individual electromagnets at a predetermined angle relative to the transverse direction of the shaft.

[0047] Third, the internal electric motor system can reduce rotational torque loss by lowering heat generation in the rotating and stationary bodies using non-metallic non-magnetic materials and cooling channels.

[0048] Fourth, the internal electric motor system can obtain high torque by controlling the voltage (V) and current (A) through a motor driver that controls the sine waves in a 2-phase, 4-phase, or 6-phase motor circuit, so that the voltage, current, and magnetic flux change once in a 180-degree phase cycle and twice in a 360-degree phase cycle. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0049] Figure 1 shows an internal electric motor system. Figure 2 shows an exploded perspective view of an internal electric motor system. Figure 3 shows an internal electric motor composed of individual electromagnets arranged at a predetermined angle. Figure 4 shows a stator composed of individual electromagnets arranged at a predetermined angle. Figure 5 shows a rotor composed of permanent magnets arranged at a predetermined angle. Figure 6 shows an internal electric motor composed of individual electromagnets arranged vertically in the circumferential direction. Figure 7 shows a stator composed of individual electromagnets arranged perpendicularly in the circumferential direction. Figure 8 shows a rotor composed of permanent magnets arranged perpendicularly in the circumferential direction. Figure 9 shows the stator, refrigerant intake port, and refrigerant outlet port of an internal electric motor system. Figure 10 shows a cooling turbine coupled to the rotor and shaft of an internal electric motor system. Figure 11 shows the housing of an internal electric motor system. Figure 12 shows a refrigerant pipe. Figure 13 shows the installation angles of individual electromagnets and permanent magnets. Figure 14 shows the air gap between individual electromagnets and permanent magnets. Figure 15 shows a forward coil and a reverse coil wound on an iron core. Figure 16 shows a sinusoidal control method for an internal electric motor system. Figure 17 shows the square wave of a conventional BLDC. Figure 18 shows a sinusoidal wave indicating the position of the permanent magnet sensing sensor of an internal-type motor system in a conventional BLDC sinusoidal wave. Figure 19 shows the sine wave and magnetic cycle of an internal electric motor system. FIG. 20 illustrates the first operation method of a motor driver. FIG. 21 illustrates a second operation method of a motor driver. Figure 22 shows a third operation method of the motor driver. FIG. 23 shows the fourth operation method of the motor driver. Figure 24 shows the first line diagram for the signal current of the motor driver. Figure 25 shows the second line diagram for the signal current of the motor driver. Figure 26 shows a single-pole, single-signal, single-circuit electric motor system. Figure 27 shows a single-pole two-signal one-line internal electric motor system. FIG. 28 shows the first operation of a 2-pole 2-signal 1-line internal electric motor system. FIG. 29 shows the second operation of a 2-pole 2-signal 1-circuit of an internal electric motor system. FIG. 30 shows the first operation of a single-pole two-signal two-circuit electric motor system. FIG. 31 shows the second operation of a single-pole two-signal two-circuit electric motor system. FIG. 32 shows the third operation of a single-pole two-signal two-circuit electric motor system. FIG. 33 shows the first operation of the three-phase three-sensor of an internal electric motor system. Figure 34 shows the second operation of the three-phase three-sensor of an internal electric motor system. FIG. 35 shows the first operation of the 4-phase 4-sensor of an internal electric motor system. Figure 36 shows the second operation of the 4-phase 4-sensor of an internal electric motor system. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0050] The following detailed description of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced, in order to clarify the objects, technical, solutions, and advantages of the invention. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable a person skilled in the art to practice the invention. Furthermore, throughout the detailed description and claims of the invention, the word "comprising" and its variations are not intended to exclude other technical features, additions, components, or steps. Other objects, advantages, and characteristics of the invention will become apparent to a person skilled in the art, in part from this description and in part from the practice of the invention. The following examples and drawings are provided as examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Moreover, the invention encompasses all possible combinations of the embodiments shown herein. It should be understood that various embodiments of the invention are different but need not be mutually exclusive. It should also be understood that the location or arrangement of individual components within each disclosed embodiment may be changed without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the following detailed description is not intended to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims, including all equivalents thereof, provided they are appropriately described. Furthermore, unless otherwise indicated in this specification or clearly contradictory to the context, items referred to in the singular encompass the plural unless otherwise required by the context. Additionally, in describing the invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of related known components or functions could obscure the essence of the invention, such detailed description will be omitted.

[0051] FIG. 1 shows an internal electric motor system, FIG. 2 shows an exploded perspective view of an internal electric motor system, FIG. 3 shows an internal electric motor composed of individual electromagnets arranged at a predetermined angle, FIG. 4 shows a stator composed of individual electromagnets arranged at a predetermined angle, FIG. 5 shows a rotor composed of permanent magnets arranged at a predetermined angle, FIG. 6 shows an internal electric motor composed of individual electromagnets arranged perpendicularly in the circumferential direction, FIG. 7 shows a stator composed of individual electromagnets arranged perpendicularly in the circumferential direction, and FIG. 8 shows a rotor composed of permanent magnets arranged perpendicularly in the circumferential direction.

[0052] Referring to FIGS. 1 and FIGS. 8, the internal electric motor system (100) may have a stator (10) placed inside a housing (120), and the internal electric motor system (100) may have a rotor (20) placed inside the stator (10).

[0053] The internal electric motor system (100) may include a shaft (110), a housing (120), a magnetizing unit (130), a cooling module (140), a permanent magnet (150), a position detection unit (160), an active element (170), and a motor driver (180).

[0054] As can be seen in FIG. 2, the structure of the internal electric motor system (100) is as follows. The internal electric motor system (100) is configured by combining a rotor (20) and a cooling turbine (131) on a shaft (110) and positioning them at the innermost part of the housing (120).

[0055] Next, the internal electric motor system (100) combines bearings (30) on both sides of the shaft, and the internal electric motor system (100) combines a housing cover (121) on one side of the bearing (30) and fixes it to the housing (120).

[0056] The bearing (30) of the internal electric motor system (100) according to an embodiment of the present invention is configured using a ball bearing, but is not limited thereto, and the bearing (30) may use various bearings such as ball bearings and roller bearings.

[0057] Next, the internal electric motor system (100) places the stator (10) on the outermost side inside the housing (120) with an air gap between the outermost side of the rotor (20) and the innermost side of the stator (10).

[0058] The gap (50) according to an embodiment of the present invention refers to a certain distance between the stator (10) and the rotor (20) that allows the rotor (20) to rotate smoothly, and a detailed description of the gap (50) is to be described in FIG. 14.

[0059] According to one embodiment of the present invention, as can be seen in FIGS. 3 to 8, the internal electric motor system (100) may include an internal electric motor (100-a) composed of individual electromagnets (131) arranged at a predetermined angle and an internal electric motor (100-b) composed of individual electromagnets (131) arranged perpendicularly in the circumferential direction.

[0060] An internal electric motor (100-a) composed of individual electromagnets (131) arranged at a predetermined angle may include a stator (10-a) composed of individual electromagnets (131) arranged at a predetermined angle and a rotor (20-a) composed of permanent magnets (150) arranged at a predetermined angle.

[0061] An internal electric motor (100-b) composed of individual electromagnets (131) arranged vertically in the circumferential direction may include a stator (10-b) composed of individual electromagnets (131) arranged vertically in the circumferential direction and a rotor (20-b) composed of permanent magnets (150) arranged vertically in the circumferential direction.

[0062] The shaft (110) is coupled with the rotor (20) inside the rotor (20) and can rotate in response to the rotation of the rotor (20).

[0063] The housing (120) includes a stator (10) and a rotor (20), and a detailed description of the housing (120) is to be described in FIG. 11.

[0064] The magnetization unit (130) may have at least one iron core (131-1) having a predetermined angle (40) and shape at the end of the stator (10) positioned at the outermost end of the housing (120) relative to the transverse direction of the housing (120), or an iron core (131-1) positioned vertically in the circumferential direction, and the magnetization unit (130) may form individual electromagnets (131) through a forward winding coil (131-2) and a reverse winding coil (131-3) wound on each iron core (131-1).

[0065] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the stator (10) of the internal electric motor system (100) is a non-metallic non-magnetic material, so that the heating of the stator (10) and the generation of current magnetism caused by the magnetic field of the permanent magnet (150) can be minimized.

[0066] At this time, the non-metallic non-magnetic material includes, but is not limited to, Bekrite, glass fiber, epoxy, and ceramic, and the stator (10) material may be composed of various non-metallic non-magnetic materials.

[0067] Although it is described that the material of the stator (10) of the internal electric motor system (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention is composed of a non-metallic non-magnetic material, the material of the stator (10) may also be composed of a metallic non-magnetic material such as aluminum, brass, zinc, alloy, or stainless steel depending on the heat resistance design and improvement of mechanical strength of the stator (10).

[0068] Since the individual electromagnet (131) of the magnetization unit (130) is equipped with a forward winding coil (131-2) and a reverse winding coil (131-3) wound on a single iron core (131-1), when current is applied to the individual electromagnet (131), the individual electromagnet (131) can form an N pole or a S pole.

[0069] The cooling module (140) can cool the heat generated from individual electromagnets of the magnetization unit (130), and the cooling module (140) may be configured to include a cooling turbine (141) and a cooling channel (142).

[0070] A detailed description of the cooling module (140) will be provided through FIGS. 10 to 12.

[0071] The permanent magnet (150) is positioned at the innermost part of the housing (120) and can be arranged at the same angle (40) with an air gap (50) between the individual electromagnet (131) of the magnetization part (130) at the end of the rotor (20).

[0072] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the rotor (20) may be composed using at least one of a non-metallic non-magnetic material such as vekrite, glass fiber, epoxy, and ceramic, and a metallic non-magnetic material such as aluminum, brass, zinc, alloy, and stainless steel.

[0073] The position detection unit (160) can detect the positions of the N pole and S pole of the permanent magnet (150) when the rotor (20) rotates, and the position detection unit (160) may have at least one NPN sensor to detect the N pole of the permanent magnet (150), and the position detection unit (160) may have at least one PNP sensor to detect the S pole.

[0074] When the permanent magnet (150) placed on the rotor (20) rotates, the position detection unit (160) can detect the N pole or S pole of the permanent magnet (150) reaching the 2 / 3 or 1 / 2 point of the individual electromagnet (131).

[0075] The active device (170) may include one of a MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) or an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bi-polar Transistor) to apply power to the magnetization part (130).

[0076] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the active element (170) of the internal electric motor system (100) is described using an IGBT element, but is not limited thereto, and the active element (170) may also use a transistor including a MOSFET or a BJT.

[0077] The motor driver (180) may be characterized by activating the active element (170) according to the detection signal of the position detection unit (160) to alternately apply power to the forward winding coil (131-2) or the reverse winding coil (131-3).

[0078] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the motor driver (180) can supply voltage to B (Base) of the active element (170) IGBT based on the position of the permanent magnet (150) detected by the NPN sensor and PNP sensor of the position detection unit (160), thereby causing current to flow from C (Collector) to E (Emitter) and supply power to the forward winding coil (131-2) or the reverse winding coil (131-3).

[0079] Additionally, the motor driver (180) can stop supplying voltage to B (Base) of at least one active element (170) IGBT, thereby preventing current from flowing from C (Collector) to E (Emitter), and thus stop supplying power to the forward winding coil (131-2) or the reverse winding coil (131-3).

[0080] At this time, a diode is installed in the coil to prevent the generation of back electromotive force flowing into the forward winding coil (131-2) or the reverse winding coil (131-3), thereby preventing the reverse flow of current.

[0081] The motor driver (180) controls the operation of at least one active element (170) based on the position of the permanent magnet (150) detected by at least one NPN sensor and a PNP sensor, thereby alternately supplying power to the forward winding coil (131-2) or the reverse winding coil (131-3), so that the magnetic flux (Φ) direction of the individual electromagnet (131) can be forward or reverse.

[0082] Additionally, by supplying power to the forward winding coil (131-2) or the reverse winding coil through the motor driver (180), the sinusoidal wave changes once in a 180-degree phase in one cycle and changes twice in a 360-degree phase in one cycle due to the attractive or repulsive force on the N or S pole of the permanent magnet (150), and the rotor (10) has rotational torque.

[0083] Figure 9 shows the stator, refrigerant intake port, and refrigerant outlet port of an internal electric motor system.

[0084] FIG. 9 shows the stator, refrigerant inlet, and refrigerant outlet of an internal electric motor system, FIG. 10 shows the rotor and a cooling turbine coupled to the shaft of an internal electric motor system, FIG. 11 shows the housing of an internal electric motor system, and FIG. 12 shows the refrigerant pipe.

[0085] Referring to FIGS. 9 to 12, the cooling module (140) can cool the iron core (131-1) of the stator (10) using a cooling turbine (141) and a cooling channel (142).

[0086] As can be seen in FIG. 9, the cooling channel (142) of the cooling module (140) may include a refrigerant intake port (142-2) and a refrigerant discharge port (142-3) for supplying and discharging a refrigerant capable of cooling individual electromagnets (131) on one side of the housing (120).

[0087] As can be seen in FIG. 12, the refrigerant supplied from the refrigerant intake port (142-2) is circulated through the refrigerant pipe (142-1) located on one side of the stator (10) by the pressure of injecting the refrigerant, and as the refrigerant is circulated, the iron core (131-1) is cooled, and then the refrigerant is discharged through the refrigerant outlet (142-3), so that the cooling channel (142) can circulate the refrigerant.

[0088] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the refrigerant pipe (142-1) of the cooling channel (142) may have a shape that encloses all or part of the individual electromagnet (131), but is not limited thereto, and the cooling channel (142) may configure the refrigerant pipe (142-1) in various shapes to enhance the cooling effect.

[0089] According to one embodiment of the present invention, to prevent refrigerant leakage from the cooling channel (142), the refrigerant pipe (142-1), the refrigerant intake port (142-2), and the refrigerant outlet (142-3) may be treated with a waterproof ceramic coating, and the refrigerant pipe (142-1), the refrigerant intake port (142-2), and the refrigerant outlet (142-3) may be composed of materials such as metal, ceramic, or polymer having high thermal conductivity.

[0090] Due to this ceramic coating, the refrigerant pipe (142-1), refrigerant intake port (142-2), and refrigerant outlet port (142-3) can maintain durability even at high temperatures, thereby increasing their lifespan.

[0091] In addition, the refrigerant material used in the refrigerant may be composed of gases such as Freon and ammonia, or cooling fluids such as cooling oils and liquids, but is not limited thereto.

[0092] As can be seen in FIG. 10, the cooling module (140) may include at least one cooling turbine (141) coupled to the shaft (110).

[0093] The cooling turbine (141) rotates in response to the rotational force of the shaft (110), and can lower the temperature inside the electromagnet by circulating external air according to the rotation of the cooling turbine (141).

[0094] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a temperature sensor is provided in the stator (10) and when it detects that the temperature exceeds a temperature range set by the user, the cooling module (140) may cool the internal temperature of the internal electric motor by adjusting the circulation speed of the refrigerant.

[0095] As can be seen in FIG. 11, the housing (120) may be provided with an air outlet and an air intake on one side of the housing (120) to discharge internal heat of the internal electric motor.

[0096] According to an embodiment of the present invention, external air enters the interior of the internal electric motor from the air intake by the rotation of the cooling turbine (141) to lower the temperature of the internal electric motor, and the heated air can be discharged through the air outlet.

[0097] In addition, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the housing (120) may be provided with an insulating resin within the housing (120) to prevent residual current generated in the magnetization part (130) from leaking out to the outside.

[0098] Figure 13 shows the installation angles of individual electromagnets and permanent magnets, Figure 14 shows the air gaps of individual electromagnets and permanent magnets, and Figure 15 shows the forward coil and reverse coil wound on an iron core.

[0099] Referring to FIGS. 13 and 15, individual electromagnets (131) and permanent magnets (150) can be arranged at a predetermined angle (40) with respect to the transverse direction of the housing (120).

[0100] Individual electromagnets (131) of the magnetization unit (130) are arranged at the end of the inner diameter of the stator (10) at a predetermined angle (40) including 0 to 60 degrees with respect to the transverse direction of the housing (110), and at least one may be arranged in the circumferential direction of the stator (10).

[0101] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the highest output torque is generated when the individual electromagnet (131) placed at the end of the stator (10) is placed at 45 degrees. Therefore, the individual electromagnet (131) and permanent magnet (150) placed at a predetermined angle have their placement angle set to 45 degrees to describe the internal electric motor system (100), but this is not limited thereto.

[0102] The permanent magnet (150) of the rotor (20) is positioned on the outer diameter of the rotor (20) at the same angle (40) as the individual electromagnet (131), so that, as can be seen in FIG. 13, the individual electromagnet (131) and the permanent magnet (150) can be positioned parallel to each other with an air gap (50).

[0103] According to an embodiment of the present invention, when individual electromagnets (131) and permanent magnets (150) are arranged at a predetermined angle (40) centered on the housing (120), the load of the force of the rotating rotor (20) can be distributed outward, thereby reducing the load on the center of the shaft.

[0104] Simply put, since a larger moment of inertia requires more force to rotate or stop an object, in order to reduce the moment of inertia, the moment of inertia can be reduced through the attractive and repulsive forces generated between the individual electromagnet (131) and the permanent magnet (150) by means of a permanent magnet (150) arranged at a predetermined angle on the outermost surface of the rotor (20) and an individual electromagnet (131) arranged at the same angle as the permanent magnet (150), thereby increasing the efficiency of the electric motor.

[0105] As can be seen in FIG. 15, the individual electromagnets (131) of the magnetization unit (130) can be configured by using a forward winding coil (131-2) and a reverse winding coil (131-3) on a single iron core (131-1).

[0106] The process of forming the magnetization part (130) is as follows.

[0107] First, the forward and reverse coils wound on the iron core (131-1) made of silicon steel plate are inserted and fixed, and then immersed in enamel liquid to impregnate it.

[0108] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the forward coil and reverse coil being wound can increase the current resistance value of the iron core (131-1) by winding a thin coil of 0.025 mm multiple times, thereby reducing heat generation.

[0109] At this time, the thickness of the coil and the number of turns may vary depending on the capacity of the motor, and motors can be classified into ultra-small, small, medium, and large based on their capacity.

[0110] Since the magnetic field of the coil must generate a magnetic force of at least 1:1 or 1.1:1 greater than the magnetic field of the permanent magnet, when configuring the motor according to capacity, the magnetic field density of the permanent magnet must be measured using a magnetic field density meter (permanent magnet Gauss meter), and the thickness of the coil and the number of turns of the coil must be set so that the measured Gauss value of the permanent magnet is greater than or equal to the value of the permanent magnet.

[0111] In particular, when configuring an electric motor that requires high voltage, thin coils may be used to minimize heat generation in the coils, or additional cooling design may be required when using thick coils.

[0112] As such, the coil must be selected according to the characteristics of the electric motor, and typically, a circular coil or a flat coil can be used.

[0113] Afterward, the impregnated forward and reverse coils are dried in a hot and cold air blower, and then individual electromagnets (131) are inserted into the stator (20) and arranged in a circumferential direction and fixed with bolts.

[0114] At this time, the spacing of the individual electromagnets (131) is described as being set to at least 1.5 mm, but is not limited thereto, and the spacing of the individual electromagnets (131) can be configured differently depending on the standard capacity characteristics of the product.

[0115] In order to reduce energy loss and obtain a high rotational output torque, the magnetic force density of the individual electromagnets (131) according to the embodiment of the present invention must be higher than the magnetic force density of the permanent magnet (150).

[0116] Therefore, by applying current after winding and using a magnetic density meter to measure whether the magnetic density of the individual electromagnet (131) is higher than the magnetic density of the permanent magnet (150), the individual electromagnet (131) can be configured by combining the individual electromagnet (131) so that its magnetic density is higher than the magnetic density of the permanent magnet (150).

[0117] Additionally, the user may set the value of the gap (50) between the individual electromagnet (131) and the permanent magnet (150) based on the result of measuring the magnetic density of the individual electromagnet (131) and the permanent magnet (150) using a magnetic density meter.

[0118] In this case, magnetic density is defined as magnetic flux divided by area, and the unit of magnetic density can be expressed as Gauss (G). The Gauss formula is as follows.

[0119]

[0120] In the above formula, T represents the unit of magnetic flux density in Tesla, and Wb represents the unit of magnetic flux in Weber; Gauss and Tesla can be expressed as 1T = 10,000G and 1G = 0.0001T.

[0121] The rotor (20) has N and S poles of permanent magnets (150) arranged alternately in the circumferential direction on the outer diameter surface of the rotor (20), and the distance between the permanent magnets (150) is spaced at least 1.5 mm apart, which is the same as the distance between individual electromagnets (131).

[0122] After arranging permanent magnets (150) on the rotor (10), the internal electric motor rotates the rotor (10) at high speed, and by measuring and adjusting the balance of the rotor (10), problems such as bearing (30) wear and vibration during high-speed rotation can be prevented.

[0123] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the permanent magnet (150) may be constructed using neodymium or samarium cobalt, but is not limited thereto and may be constructed using various materials having magnetic properties.

[0124] FIG. 16 illustrates a sinusoidal control method of an internal electric motor system, FIG. 17 illustrates a square wave of a conventional BLDC, FIG. 18 illustrates a sinusoidal wave indicating the position of a permanent magnet detection sensor of an internal electric motor system in a sinusoidal wave of a conventional BLDC, FIG. 19 illustrates a sinusoidal wave and magnetic cycle of an internal electric motor system, FIG. 20 illustrates a first operation method of a motor driver, FIG. 21 illustrates a second operation method of a motor driver, FIG. 22 illustrates a third operation method of a motor driver, FIG. 23 illustrates a fourth operation method of a motor driver, FIG. 24 illustrates a first line diagram for the signal current of a motor driver, FIG. 25 illustrates a second line diagram for the signal current of a motor driver, FIG. 26 illustrates a single-pole single-signal single-circuit of an internal electric motor system, and FIG. 27 illustrates a single-pole two-signal single-circuit of an internal electric motor system.

[0125] Referring to FIGS. 16 and 27, a motor driver (180) can generate rotational torque of the rotor (10) by alternately applying power to the forward coil and the reverse coil.

[0126] Conventional BLDC motors detect rotating permanent magnets by installing a sensor between the iron core slots and the gap between the slots, and based on the position of the permanent magnets, conventional BLDC motors can control the encoder signal current cycle.

[0127] In other words, as can be seen in FIGS. 17 and 18, a conventional BLDC motor can rotate a rotor through a magnetic field and sinusoidal phenomenon in an iron core by using an encoder and a position sensor that control the sine wave of a 2-pole 3-phase voltage (V) and current (I) to rotate and flow current through the motor in a rotating alternating manner between 2 phases.

[0128] In contrast, the internal electric motor system (100) can apply power to the forward winding coil (131-2) by controlling the operation of the active element (170) according to the detection signal when the NPN sensor detects the N pole of the permanent magnet (150), or by controlling the operation of the active element (170) according to the detection signal when the PNP sensor detects the S pole of the permanent magnet (150), so that the motor driver (180) can apply power to the reverse winding coil.

[0129] At this time, as can be seen in FIGS. 16, 18 and 19, the internal electric motor system (100) can detect the N pole or S pole by installing the NPN sensor or PNP sensor of the position detection unit (160) at a position of 60 degrees pulled by 30% from the 90-degree phase of the sinusoidal wave of a conventional BLDC motor.

[0130] Thus, the motor driver (180) of the internal electric motor system (100) can supply rotational force to the rotor (20) by alternately applying power to the forward winding coil (131-2) or the reverse winding coil (131-3) through the active element (170) based on the position of the N pole or S pole of the permanent magnet (150) detected by the position detection unit (160).

[0131] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the internal electric motor system (100) can exhibit performance as shown in Table 1 compared to conventional electric motors.

[0132] Comparison items Internal electric motor system Existing AC Existing BLDC Existing PMSM BLDC Motor structure simplicity simplicity complication Very complex voltage AC ⇒ DC Conversion / DC Exchange AC ⇒ DC conversion AC ⇒ DC Conversion / DC electric current DC AC DC DC Frequency sine wave sine wave Square wave sine wave Low / High speed rotation Possible / Driver Inverter needed Possible / Encoder Possible / Encoder Life long long commonly long repair otiosity otiosity otiosity otiosity High speed be easy be easy be easy be easy rotational speed possible possible difficult possible Slow fire be easy be easy be easy be easy Electromagnet utilization Individual iron core wound type Iron core slot insertion type Iron core slot section winding type Iron core slot section winding type Slot utilization Individual iron core type Cylindrical iron core type Circular iron core slot Circular iron core slot Rotational variation be few commonly There are many be few Instant Talk good night good night difficult good night Torque fluctuation be few commonly There are many be few Output efficiency It is very good commonly commonly good night Clean Do good night commonly commonly good night Vibration noise be small be small be small be small fever commonly be small big commonly price Mid-range price range Cheap commonly It is very expensive volume Small / Medium / Large Small / Medium / Large Small / Medium / Large Small / Medium / Large

[0133] (Table 1. Performance Comparison Table of Conventional Motor and Internal Electricity Motor Systems)

[0134] The internal electric motor system (100) can supply rotational force to the rotor (20) within the magnetic field range of individual electromagnets (131) through two-phase voltage, current, and sine waves, and the rotor (20) can be affected by the magnetic field within a 180-degree cycle range leading the back EMF angle with the two-phase phase of the internal electric motor system (100).

[0135] Not limited thereto, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the internal electric motor system (100) can supply rotational torque to the rotor through a continuous rotational cycle in the magnetic field range of individual electromagnets (131) through not only two phases but also two, four, or six phases.

[0136] Here, 2-phase can have a single pole, 4-phase can have 2 poles, and 6-phase can have 3 poles.

[0137] Specifically, in the 2-phase, it has a duration cycle of 1 / 3, in the 4-phase, it has a duration cycle of 1 / 2, and in the 6-phase, it can have the same duration cycle as the 3-phase.

[0138] Therefore, in a two-phase system, the internal electric motor system (100) can have a two-phase two-circuit single pole, which can represent a single-phase type having two signal implementation waves as the N pole and the S pole.

[0139] In addition, the internal electric motor system (100) in the 4-phase phase may have 2 poles in 2 circuits of 4 phases, which may represent a 2-phase type having an implementation wave of 4 signals as N pole and S pole.

[0140] In addition, the internal electric motor system (100) in the 6-phase phase may have 6-phase 2-circuit 3-pole, which may represent a 3-phase type having 6 signal implementation waves in the N pole and S pole.

[0141] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the motor driver (180) of the internal electric motor system (100) can control the RPM of the DC motor by converting from DC to AC and from AC to a sinusoidal frequency, and can control the motor with DC voltage, current, and sinusoidal wave by converting AC back to DC.

[0142] The motor driver (180) detects the position of the permanent magnet (150) through at least one NPN sensor and a PNP sensor, and based on this, the motor driver (180) can generate a continuous short wave and a changing voltage, current, and sine wave at a phase angle of 180 degrees and 360 degrees using a series winding method or a parallel winding method, and the motor driver (180) can determine the speed of the motor according to the amplitude of the sine wave.

[0143] As can be seen in FIGS. 20 to 25, the operation of the motor driver (180) of the internal electric motor system (100) is as follows based on 2 poles and 4 signals.

[0144] First, the motor driver (180) applies a positive (+) current to the 1A active element and a negative (-) current to the 1D active element using the position information of the N pole or S pole of the permanent magnet (150) detected by the position detection unit (160).

[0145] Next, the motor driver (180) applies a positive (+) current to the 1C active element and a negative (-) current to the 1B active element.

[0146] Next, the motor driver (180) applies a positive (+) current to the 1A active element and a negative (-) current to the 1D active element.

[0147] Next, the motor driver (180) applies a positive (+) current to the 1C active element and a negative (-) current to the 1B active element.

[0148] According to an embodiment of the present invention, at two-thirds of the N pole or S pole of the permanent magnet (150), the individual electromagnet (131) can be switched from attractive force to repulsive force, or switched from repulsive force to attractive force and rotate.

[0149] According to an embodiment of the present invention, through the operation of the motor driver (180) of the internal electric motor system (100), the N pole of the permanent magnet (150) rotates with an attractive force with the S pole of the individual electromagnet (131) and a repulsive force with the N pole, and the S pole of the permanent magnet (150) can rotate with a repulsive force with the S pole of the individual electromagnet (131) and an attractive force with the N pole.

[0150] As can be seen in the table below, the internal electric motor system (100) was able to improve efficiency by about 30% compared to the output torque of the existing comparison product BLDC, and the internal electric motor (100-a) composed of individual electromagnets (131) arranged at a predetermined angle.

[0151] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an internal electric motor (100-b) composed of individual electromagnets (131) arranged vertically in the circumferential direction has improved efficiency by about 15%, and the efficiency of the internal electric motor system (100) can be further increased by adjusting the RPM output.

[0152] division voltage phase waveform Extreme number RPM Rated current Rated torque Existing BLDC 48V Phase 3 Stairway wave 8 poles 4000RPM 20.8A 4.75Nm Internal electric motor system 48V Reflections sine wave 22 poles 12,000 RPM 11.2A 6.78Nm 48V Phase 4 10.4A 48V Phase 6 9.6A

[0153] (Table 2. Comparison of Efficiency Between Conventional BLDC and Internal Electric Motor Systems)

[0154] Although the internal electric motor system (100) according to an embodiment of the present invention has been described based on a 2-pole 4-signal 2-circuit, as can be seen in FIGS. 26 and 27, the internal electric motor system (100) may be configured as a 1-pole 1-signal 1-circuit, a 1-pole 2-signal 1-circuit, a 1-pole 2-signal 2-circuit, or a 2-pole 2-signal 2-circuit depending on the number of active elements (170) and position detection units (160).

[0155] The 2-pole 2-signal 2-circuit operation of the internal electric motor system (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention is as follows.

[0156] First, the motor driver (180) applies a positive (+) current to the 1C active element and a negative (-) current to the 1B active element using the position information of the N pole or S pole of the permanent magnet (150) detected by the position detection unit (160).

[0157] Next, the motor driver (180) applies a positive (+) current to the 1A active element and a negative (-) current to the 1D active element.

[0158] In addition, the single-pole 2-signal 2-line operation of the internal electric motor system (100) is as follows.

[0159] First, the motor driver (180) detects the N pole or S pole and applies a positive (+) current to the 1C active element and a negative (-) current to the 1B active element.

[0160] Next, the motor driver (180) applies a positive (+) current to the 1A active element and a negative (-) current to the 1D active element.

[0161] Next, the motor driver (180) applies a positive (+) current to the 1C active element and a negative (-) current to the 1B active element.

[0162] FIG. 33 shows the first operation of a three-phase three-sensor system for internal electric motors, FIG. 34 shows the second operation of a three-phase three-sensor system for internal electric motors, FIG. 35 shows the first operation of a four-phase four-sensor system for internal electric motors, and FIG. 36 shows the second operation of a four-phase four-sensor system for internal electric motors.

[0163] Referring to FIGS. 33 to 36, the internal electric motor system (100) can generate rotational force by applying current to an active element (170) using position information of the N pole or S pole of the permanent magnet (150) of the motor driver (180).

[0164] As can be seen in FIGS. 33 and 34, the method by which the internal electric motor system (100) generates rotational force based on a three-phase three-sensor is as follows.

[0165] The motor driver (180) detects the position of the permanent magnet (150) using three position detection sensors of the position detection unit (160), and applies current to the active element (170) based on the position of the permanent magnet (150), so that as shown in FIG. 33, the individual electromagnet (131) at point 1 can have a positive (+), the individual electromagnet (131) at point 2 can have a negative (-), and the individual electromagnet (131) at point 3 can have a positive (+).

[0166] Next, as shown in FIG. 34, the individual electromagnet (131) at point 1 has a positive (-), the individual electromagnet (131) at point 2 has a negative (+), and the individual electromagnet (131) at point 3 has a positive (-), and the permanent magnet (150) can move in the order of 1-2-3 by the repulsive and attractive forces of the permanent magnet (150) to generate rotational force.

[0167] As can be seen in FIGS. 35 and 36, the method by which the internal electric motor system (100) generates rotational force based on 4-phase 4-sensors is as follows.

[0168] The motor driver (180) detects the position of the permanent magnet (150) using four position detection sensors of the position detection unit (160), and applies current to the active element (170) based on the position of the permanent magnet (150), so that as shown in FIG. 35, the individual electromagnet (131) at point 1 can have a positive (+), the individual electromagnet (131) at point 2 can have a negative (-), the individual electromagnet (131) at point 3 can have a positive (+), and the individual electromagnet (131) at point 4 can have a negative (-).

[0169] Next, as shown in FIG. 36, the individual electromagnet (131) at point 1 has a positive (-), the individual electromagnet (131) at point 2 has a negative (+), the individual electromagnet (131) at point 3 has a positive (-), and the individual electromagnet (131) at point 4 has a negative (+), and the permanent magnet (150) can move in the order of 1-2-3-4 by the repulsive and attractive forces of the permanent magnet (150) to generate rotational force.

[0170] Although the method of generating rotational force of the internal electric motor system (100) according to the embodiment of the present invention has been described in FIGS. 33 to 36 through circuit diagrams of 3-phase 3-sensor and 4-phase 4-sensor, it is not limited thereto, and rotational force can be generated by the repulsion and attraction of the permanent magnet (150) in a plurality of circuit diagrams such as single-pole 1-signal 1-circuit, single-pole 2-signal 1-circuit, single-pole 2-signal 2-circuit, 2-pole 2-signal 2-circuit, and 2-pole 4-signal 4-circuit, as the N-pole and S-pole of each individual electromagnet (131) are formed alternately.

[0171] The present invention has been described above with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings, but this is merely illustrative, and those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and equivalent alternative embodiments are possible therefrom. For example, in the embodiments of the present invention, the embodiments were described assuming an internal electric motor, but they can be applied equally to all cases of internal electric motor systems without any significant modifications. Therefore, the true technical scope of protection of the present invention should be determined only by the appended claims. Explanation of the symbols

[0172] 10 : Stator 20 : Rotor 30 : Bearing 40 : Specified angle 50 : Air gap 110 : Shaft 120 : Housing 130 : Magnetizing part 140: Cooling module 150: Permanent magnet 160: Position detection unit 170: Active element 180 : Motor driver

Claims

Claim 1 A system of an internal electric motor comprising: a housing including the stator and the rotor, wherein at least one iron core is arranged at a predetermined angle with respect to the transverse direction of the housing at the outermost end of the stator located inside the housing, and an individual electromagnet is formed through a forward winding coil and a reverse winding coil wound on each of the iron cores; a permanent magnet arranged at the innermost end of the housing and arranged at the same angle as the magnetization unit at the end of the rotor; a position detection unit for detecting the positions of the N pole and S pole of the permanent magnet; an active element for applying power to the magnetization unit; and a motor driver for alternately applying power to the forward winding coil or the reverse winding coil according to the detection signal of the position detection unit. Claim 2 In claim 1, the internal electric motor system further comprises a shaft coupled to the rotor inside the rotor and rotating in response to the rotation of the rotor. Claim 3 In claim 1, the internal electric motor system further comprises a cooling module for cooling heat generated from the individual electromagnets. Claim 4 In claim 3, the cooling module comprises: at least one cooling turbine coupled to the shaft; and a cooling channel for cooling the individual electromagnet using a refrigerant pipe disposed on one side of the iron core; an internal electric motor system. Claim 5 In claim 4, the internal electric motor system further comprises a refrigerant intake port and a refrigerant discharge port on one side of the stator for supplying and discharging refrigerant to the cooling channel. Claim 6 In claim 5, the internal electric motor system is characterized in that the cooling channel receives refrigerant from the refrigerant intake port disposed on one side of the stator, circulates the refrigerant in the refrigerant pipe, cools the iron core as the refrigerant circulates, and then discharges the refrigerant through the refrigerant outlet. Claim 7 In claim 1, the housing is an internal electric motor system having an air outlet and an air intake on one side of the housing to dissipate heat from the internal electric motor. Claim 8 In claim 7, the housing is an electric motor system having an insulating resin within the housing. Claim 9 In claim 1, the individual electromagnet is arranged at the stator end at a predetermined angle ranging from 0 to 60 degrees with respect to the transverse direction of the housing, and at least one is arranged in the circumferential direction of the stator, forming an internal electric motor system. Claim 10 In claim 9, the magnetizing part is characterized by individual electromagnets forming an N pole or a S pole on one of the iron cores, in an internal electric motor system. Claim 11 In claim 10, the magnetization unit is characterized by forming an N-pole electromagnet through the forward winding coil and forming an S-pole electromagnet through the reverse winding coil. Claim 12 In claim 11, the above magnetization unit is an internal electric motor system in which diodes are installed in the forward winding coil and the reverse winding coil to prevent the generation of back EMF. Claim 13 In claim 7, the position detection unit comprises at least one NPN sensor on one side of the stator to detect the N pole of the permanent magnet and at least one PNP sensor on one side of the stator to detect the S pole of the permanent magnet, in an internal electric motor system. Claim 14 In claim 13, the position detection unit detects the N and S poles of the permanent magnets when the position detection unit reaches a position at 2 / 3 or 1 / 2 of the individual electromagnets when the permanent magnet rotates in the rotational direction of the rotor. Claim 15 A self-electric motor system according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one active element is installed in the self-electric motor system to apply power to the magnetization part. Claim 16 In claim 1, the active element is an internal electric motor system composed of a MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) or an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor). Claim 17 An internal electric motor system according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the motor driver controls the operation of at least one active element based on the position of a permanent magnet detected by at least one NPN sensor and a PNP sensor. Claim 18 In claim 17, the motor driver is an internal electric motor system that applies power to the forward winding coil through the active element according to the detection signal when the NPN sensor detects the N pole of the permanent magnet, or applies power to the reverse winding coil through the active element according to the detection signal when the PNP sensor detects the S pole of the permanent magnet. Claim 19 In claim 18, the electric motor system is characterized in that the motor driver supplies rotational force to the rotor by alternately applying power to the forward winding coil or the reverse winding coil through the active element based on the position of the N pole or S pole of the permanent magnet detected by the position detection unit.

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