Battery packs and electrical devices

Abstract

In the present disclosure, a battery pack is proposed. An embodiment of the battery pack may include a plurality of battery cells—at least one of which comprises a pressure relief member for discharging a discharge for pressure relief—; and a frame defining a battery receiving space for accommodating the plurality of battery cells. The frame comprises a plurality of beams, an opening formed in one or more of the plurality of beams and communicating with the external environment of the battery pack, and a passage extending from within one or more of the plurality of beams and configured to be in fluid communication with the battery receiving space and the opening. The passage comprises a plurality of passage sections connected sequentially and a separating member for separating adjacent passage sections among the plurality of passage sections. In the present disclosure, an electrical device comprising the battery pack is also proposed.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of electrochemical technology, and in particular to battery packs that can be used in electric vehicles and other energy storage applications. Background Technology

[0002] As battery packs play a critical role in clean energy vehicles, their safety performance is critical. A major risk associated with battery packs is thermal runaway, caused by various factors such as internal short circuits, improper charging and / or discharging, and repeated overcharging and / or collisions. High-temperature emissions, such as gases, liquids, and / or particles generated by thermal runaway, can cause deformation of the battery pack, leading to the ejection of these emissions. Generally, emissions generated by thermal runaway contain large amounts of flammable electrolyte droplets that can cause explosions under extreme conditions. In conventional technology, high-pressure emissions generated by thermal runaway must be directed to the external environment through pressure relief mechanisms, such as pressure relief valves equipped in the battery pack. However, this method cannot effectively lower the temperature of the emissions after they are released, nor can it effectively remove the flammable droplets contained within them. There is a significant need in the industry to provide more efficient solutions to lower the temperature of emissions generated by thermal runaway in battery packs and to effectively remove the flammable droplets contained within them.

[0003] In one aspect of the present disclosure, a battery pack is proposed. Some embodiments of the battery pack include a plurality of battery cells—at least one of which includes a pressure relief member for discharging a discharge for pressure relief—; a frame defining a battery receiving space for accommodating the plurality of battery cells, wherein the frame includes a plurality of beams, an opening formed in one or more of the plurality of beams and communicating with the external environment of the battery pack, and a passage extending from within one or more of the plurality of beams and configured to be in fluid communication with the battery receiving space and the opening, wherein the passage includes a plurality of passage sections connected sequentially and a separating member for separating adjacent passage sections among the plurality of passage sections.

[0004] In some embodiments, the passage includes an inlet orifice fluidly communicating with a battery receiving space and an outlet orifice fluidly communicating with an opening, wherein the outlet orifice is positioned higher than the inlet orifice in the vertical direction.

[0005] In some embodiments, the passage further includes a plurality of pins positioned at an angle to the inner wall of the passage.

[0006] In some embodiments, the plurality of pins each form an acute angle with the direction opposite to the direction of gas flow.

[0007] In some embodiments, the plurality of pins are composed of a plurality of groups discontinuously arranged on the inner wall of the passage.

[0008] In some embodiments, the passage further includes a coagulating member in which a coagulant is contained in an internal space.

[0009] In some embodiments, the aggregation member is coupled to the inner wall of the passage through a coupling member.

[0010] In some embodiments, the coupling member includes one or more elastic members.

[0011] In some embodiments, the coupling member includes one or more electrically operable vibrators.

[0012] In some embodiments, the aggregation member comprises an end wall having a plurality of pores, a plurality of shafts coupled between the end walls, and a plurality of aggregation packages fitted onto one or more of the plurality of shafts, wherein an aggregation agent is contained within each aggregation package.

[0013] In some embodiments, the aggregation package mounted on one of the plurality of shafts is alternately arranged with the aggregation package mounted on another of the plurality of shafts.

[0014] In some embodiments, the plurality of beams comprises a peripheral beam surrounding a battery receiving space—the peripheral beam has an internal hollow space, and the opening is formed in the peripheral beam and fluidly communicates with the internal hollow space—; and a transverse beam connected to the peripheral beam across the battery receiving space, wherein the passageway extends in a zigzag manner within the transverse beam, and adjacent passageway sections among the plurality of passageway sections are fluidly communicated through an intermediate orifice.

[0015] In some embodiments, the inlet orifice is formed in a transverse beam, and the outlet orifice is fluidly connected to the internal hollow space of a surrounding beam.

[0016] In some embodiments, the plurality of beams includes a peripheral beam surrounding a battery receiving space, and the passageway extends spirally within the peripheral beam, wherein adjacent passageway sections among the plurality of passageway sections are fluidly connected through an intermediate orifice.

[0017] In some embodiments, the inlet orifice and the outlet orifice are both formed in the surrounding beam.

[0018] In some embodiments, the plurality of beams comprises a peripheral beam surrounding a battery receiving space—the peripheral beam having an inlet orifice formed therein that is fluidly in communication with the battery receiving space—and an additional beam coupled to the peripheral beam on the opposite outer side of the battery receiving space, wherein the passageway extends in a zigzag manner within the additional beam and is fluidly in communication with the battery receiving space through the inlet orifice, wherein adjacent passageway sections among the plurality of passageway sections are fluidly in communication through an intermediate orifice.

[0019] In some embodiments, the inlet orifice and the outlet orifice are both formed in the additional beam.

[0020] In some embodiments, the passage is characterized by the following formula.

[0021]

[0022] Here, P represents the performance of the channel, w represents the volumetric energy density, c represents the capacity of the battery cell, and s represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the channel, where the channel is It is characterized as.

[0023] In some embodiments, the passage is It is characterized as.

[0024] In another aspect of the present disclosure, an electric device is proposed, which includes a battery pack according to one aspect of the present disclosure, said battery pack is configured to provide electric energy to the electric device.

[0025] Embodiments of the present disclosure may provide various advantages. For example, the discharge passage extending in a zigzag manner within a transverse beam or in a spiral structure along a surrounding beam may provide an extended discharge passage for thermal runaway discharges. During the process of movement, the thermal runaway discharge may be cooled to a target temperature before being discharged into the external environment of the battery pack, thereby preventing injury to people caused by explosions and fires. Additionally, it provides sufficient time for microelectrolyte droplets contained in the thermal runaway discharge to settle within the discharge passage. A plurality of pins are placed within the discharge passage to improve the droplet capture efficiency of the discharge passage. Furthermore, to improve droplet aggregation efficiency, the discharge passage may further include an aggregation member containing an aggregator inside. Other advantages may be obvious to those skilled in the art reading the following description and the appended claims. It should be noted that these other advantages should also be considered to fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0026] FIG. 1 shows a partially exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 2a shows an overhead view of a battery pack according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 2b shows a cross-sectional view of a battery pack taken along the cutting line AA. Figure 2c shows an enlarged view of area B shown in Figure 2b. Figure 2d shows an enlarged view of area C shown in Figure 2b. FIG. 3a shows a side view of a battery pack according to some embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3b shows an aerial view of the portion taken along line DD of Figure 3a. Figure 3c shows an aerial view of the portion taken along line EE of Figure 3a. Figure 3d shows an aerial view of the portion taken along line FF of Figure 3a. Figure 3e is an enlarged view of area G shown in Figure 3b. Figure 3f is an enlarged view of area H shown in Figure 3c. Fig. 3g is an enlarged view of area I shown in Fig. 3d. FIG. 3h shows an overhead view of a battery pack according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 3i shows a cross-sectional view taken along line J1-J1 of Figure 3h. FIG. 3j shows a perspective view of a battery pack according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 3k shows an enlarged view of area K shown in Figure 3j. FIG. 4a shows a partially exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 4b shows an overhead view of a battery pack according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 4c shows a cross-sectional view taken along line KK of Figure 4b. Fig. 4d illustrates a cross-sectional view similar to Fig. 5c, which shows various discharge passages inside the additional beam. FIG. 5a shows a perspective view of a beam containing an aggregation member within a discharge passage according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 5b shows an aggregation member according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 6a shows a perspective view of a beam containing an aggregation member within a discharge passage according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 6b shows an aggregation member according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0027] In the description below, various examples of battery packs are illustrated and described. For illustrative purposes, specific configurations and details are presented to ensure a thorough understanding of the embodiments. However, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that certain embodiments may be practiced or implemented even if not all details are disclosed. Additionally, known configuration features may be omitted or simplified to prevent obscurity regarding the novel features described herein.

[0028] Unless otherwise specified or clearly contradictory in the context, terms such as “one,” “one,” “the above,” and similar designations used in the context describing the disclosed embodiments (particularly in the context of the following claims) should be understood to include both singular and plural forms. Unless otherwise specified, terms such as “compose,” “have,” “include,” and “contain” should be understood as open-ended terms (i.e., “include, but not limited thereto).” The term “connected” should be understood as being partially or wholly contained within, attached, or combined, even if something is interposed in between. Expressions such as “based on” should be understood as open-ended and not limited in any way, and where appropriate, should be understood or interpreted as “at least partially based on”. References to numerical ranges in this specification are merely a brief manner for individually indicating each individual value within that range, unless otherwise indicated, and each individual value is incorporated into this specification with the same effect as it is individually described in this specification. Unless otherwise specified or clearly contradictory in the context, all methods mentioned herein may be performed in any suitable order. Unless otherwise claimed, all examples or exemplary expressions used herein (e.g., 'e.g., for example') are intended to more clearly explain the embodiments of the present disclosure and should not be understood as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. No expression in the specification should be understood as implying that any unclaimed element is essential to the practice of the present disclosure.

[0029] Unless specifically stated otherwise or understood otherwise in the context in which they are used, conditional expressions used herein, such as “may,” “may,” “may,” “may,” “for example,” etc., are generally understood to indicate that a particular example includes a particular feature, element, and / or step, and that another example does not include it. Accordingly, such conditional expressions generally do not imply that such feature, element, and / or step is required in one or more examples, or that one or more examples necessarily include logic for determining whether such feature, element, and / or step is included in or should be performed in a particular example, regardless of author input or prompting.

[0030] Terms such as "first" and "second" used in the brief description of the specification, claims, and drawings are intended to distinguish different objects and are not intended to indicate a specific order or priority.

[0031] To meet the increasing market demand for high capacity, battery packs used in electric devices, such as electric vehicles, contain more battery cells assembled into one or more groups. Thermal runaway of battery cells is a major risk factor associated with the advancement of battery technology. For example, lithium iron phosphate (LFP) battery cells can release high-temperature smoke containing large amounts of flammable electrolyte droplets when thermal runaway occurs. When flammable electrolyte droplets are released outside the battery pack, not only does the risk of fire increase, but it can also cause anxiety to people around the battery pack. As another example, lithium manganese cobalt oxide (NCM) battery cells can additionally release large amounts of high-temperature flammable particles that can cause a fire hazard when thermal runaway occurs. Since the emissions generated by thermal runaway can deform the battery pack and cause an explosion under extreme conditions, it is dangerous to confine the emissions inside the battery pack. The inventors of this invention propose a method for releasing the emissions in a controllable manner. In other words, the effluent must travel along a discharge passage of sufficient length before being released into the external environment, thereby securing a sufficient buffering time to lower the temperature of the effluent. Additionally, the discharge passage provides sufficient space for combustible electrolyte droplets to aggregate and combustible particles to settle.

[0032] In one aspect of the present disclosure, the inventors aim to solve the technical problem of lowering the temperature of emissions generated by thermal runaway of battery cells. With this objective in mind, the inventors propose a battery pack comprising an extended emission passage utilizing beams that constitute the support structure of the battery pack. To extend the flow path of the emission passage, some embodiments of the present disclosure include an emission passage comprising a plurality of passage sections stacked on top of each other. In some embodiments, the emission passage extends in a zigzag manner within some beams. In some embodiments, the emission passage extends spirally within some beams. Generally, a plurality of longitudinal beams, transverse beams, and / or peripheral beams are used to realize a rigid mechanical structure of the battery pack. The number of beams used is determined by the number of parts required, manufacturing costs, packaging, safety, and reworkability. The battery pack is divided by one, two, or more beams. These beams can simultaneously perform the function of cooling the battery cells in addition to serving as the main support structure.

[0033] In another aspect of the present disclosure, the inventors aim to solve the technical problem of reducing flammable electrolyte droplets and flammable particles contained in emissions generated by thermal runaway before the emissions are discharged into the external environment. With this objective in mind, the inventors propose a method of aggregating flammable electrolyte droplets by including an aggregating member inside the discharge passage. The aggregating member is designed in a box shape having a plurality of pores on its surface. The aggregating member comprises a coagulant powder such as silver iodide and sodium chloride.

[0034] FIG. 1 shows a partially exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the battery pack (10) generally comprises a battery receiving space (15) and a plurality of battery cells (100) received in the battery receiving space (15). In some embodiments, the battery pack (10) may be in the shape of a rectangular box and may include a bottom plate (20), a frame (30) coupled to the top surface of the bottom plate (20), and a top cover (40) coupled to the top surface of the frame (30). In some embodiments, the top cover (40) may include a hole (42) formed along its periphery edge to secure the top cover (40) to the frame (30) through a fastener such as a screw. As used herein, the term "frame" refers to a physical structural system built around the battery cells, which serves to secure the battery cell receiving space and provide structural support. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the frame (30) may include a plurality of beams extending vertically from the base plate (20). As used herein, the term beam refers to a structural member whose length is significantly greater than its width. The cross-section of the beam includes, but is not limited to, square, rectangular, circular, and elliptical shapes. For example, the frame (30) may include a perimeter beam (300) surrounding the battery receiving space (15) and a cross beam (350) that crosses the battery receiving space (15) and is joined to the perimeter beam (300). In some embodiments, to easily secure the top cover (40) to the perimeter beam (300), the perimeter beam (300) may include a plurality of holes (302) formed along the perimeter edge. Specifically, the perimeter beam (300) may include a first side beam (310), a second side beam (320), a third side beam (330), and a fourth side beam (340). The first to fourth side beams (310 to 340) can be manufactured as an integral structure through casting.Optionally, the first to fourth side beams (310 to 340) may be connected via connecting means such as welding and bonding. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the first side beam (310) is positioned opposite the third side beam (330), and the second side beam (320) is positioned opposite the fourth side beam (340). In other words, the first side beam (310) extends substantially parallel to the third side beam (330), and the second side beam (320) extends substantially parallel to the fourth side beam (340). In some embodiments, the first to fourth side beams (310 to 340) each define an internal hollow space used as a discharge passage for discharging emissions generated by thermal runaway. The first side beam (310) is provided with an opening (304) for pressure relief, which communicates with the external environment of the battery pack. In another embodiment, depending on the specific application, additional pressure relief openings may be provided in one or more of the second side beam (320), the third side beam (330), and the fourth side beam (340). In this case, the internal hollow spaces of the side beams (310 to 340) may be fluidly in communication with the openings provided in the side beams (310 to 340). In the example illustrated in FIG. 1, two openings are provided in the first side beam (310). In the example illustrated in FIG. 1, the first side beam (310) defines an internal hollow space (312) (illustrated in FIG. 2b) that is fluidly in communication with the opening (304). If thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell (100), the effluent generated by such thermal runaway may be rapidly and controllably ejected or discharged into the external environment of the battery pack through the internal hollow space (312) and the opening (304), which will be described in detail below.

[0035] As illustrated in FIG. 1, a battery pack (10) may include a plurality of battery cells (100). The battery cells (100) used herein may include lithium-ion secondary battery cells, lithium-ion primary battery cells, lithium-sulfur battery cells, sodium-lithium-ion battery cells, sodium-ion battery cells, magnesium-ion battery cells, etc. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the types of battery cells used in the battery pack. The battery cells used herein may have cylindrical, flat, rectangular, or other shapes. The embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the shape of the battery cells. Depending on the packaging type, battery cells are typically classified into three types: cylindrical battery cells, prismatic battery cells, and pouch-type battery cells. The embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the shape of the battery cells.

[0036] As illustrated in FIG. 1, the battery cell (100) may include a positive terminal (102), a negative terminal (104), and a pressure relief member (106) for pressure relief through gas or liquid discharge coupled to a surface (e.g., a top surface) of the battery cell (100). As used herein, the pressure relief member refers to an overpressure safety means that must rapidly discharge a gaseous medium in the event of overpressure, and the pressure relief member has at least one section designed with a predetermined breaking point that breaks when the overpressure reaches a certain level, thereby irreversibly opening a discharge path for the gaseous medium. The pressure relief member may be formed as a plate-shaped and / or disc-shaped part. In this case, the pressure relief member is provided in a flat and thin shape. The outline shape of the pressure relief member may be circular, elliptical, rectangular or square, or any other shape suitable for a particular application. In some embodiments, the pressure relief member (106) may be formed as a weakening area in the top cover of the battery cell case. If thermal runaway occurs, an ejection containing a large amount of gas, electrolyte droplets, and particles may destroy the weakened region and be ejected from the battery cell (100) into the battery receiving space (15). Multiple battery cells (100) may be connected in series, parallel, or series and parallel. For clarity of description, additional components used in a battery pack for connecting multiple battery cells (100) are not illustrated. The present disclosure is not limited to the components illustrated in FIG. 1 and those described in the specification. Those skilled in the art should understand that the battery pack may include additional components necessary for a particular application. For a more detailed description of the battery cell, refer to U.S. Patent Application No. 16 / 928523 filed July 14, 2020, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0037] As illustrated in FIG. 1, in some embodiments, the frame (30) may include a transverse beam (350) connected between the first side beam (310) and the third side beam (330) and fluidly communicating with them. In some embodiments, the transverse beam (350) may define an internal hollow space (355) used as a discharge passage for thermal runaway emissions, which will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 2a through 2d. In some embodiments, the transverse beam (350) may include an inlet orifice (352) and an outlet orifice (354) (illustrated in FIG. 2b), both of which are fluidly communicating with the internal hollow space (355) (illustrated in FIG. 2c through 2d). As illustrated in FIG. 1, the inlet orifice (352) may be fluidly communicating with the battery receiving space (15) and used to introduce thermal runaway emissions into the internal hollow space (355).

[0038] Referring to FIGS. 2a through 2d, the internal structure of the internal hollow space (355) is illustrated. FIG. 2a shows a bird's-eye view of a battery pack (10) according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 2b shows a cross-sectional view of the battery pack (10) taken along the cutting line AA. FIG. 2c shows an enlarged view of area B shown in FIG. 2b. FIG. 2d shows an enlarged view of area C shown in FIG. 2b. As shown in FIG. 2b, in some embodiments, the internal hollow space (355) is configured to extend in a zigzag manner within a cross beam (350). In other words, the internal hollow space (355) may include a plurality of sequentially connected passage sections—adjacent passage sections among the plurality of passage sections are fluidly connected through an intermediate orifice—; and a separating member for separating adjacent passage sections among the plurality of passage sections. For example, the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2b includes three passage sections composed of a first passage section (3551), a second passage section (3553), and a third passage section (3555), and two separating members composed of a first separating plate (3552) and a second separating plate (3554). The first separating plate (3552) is positioned between the first passage section (3551) and the second passage section (3553), and the second separating plate (3554) is positioned between the second passage section (3553) and the third passage section (3555). A first intermediate orifice (3556) is formed in the first separator plate (3552) to fluidly connect the first passage section (3551) and the second passage section (3553), and a second intermediate orifice (3558) is formed in the second separator plate (3554) to fluidly connect the second passage section (3553) and the third passage section (3555).

[0039] As illustrated in FIGS. 2b through 2d, an exit orifice (354) is formed in the side wall of the cross beam (350) to fluidly communicate with the third passage section (3555) and the internal hollow space (312) of the first side beam (310). In some embodiments, the exit orifice (354) is positioned higher than the inlet orifice (352) in the vertical direction. As described above, the first side beam (310) includes an opening (304) (illustrated in FIG. 1). Thus, the internal hollow space (355) of the cross beam (350) is fluidly communicated with the external environment through the internal hollow space (312) of the first side beam (310) and the opening (304) formed thereon. It should be noted that the separator is coupled to the inner wall of the cross beam (350) so that one passage section is kept airtight with respect to an adjacent passage section, except for fluid communication through the intermediate orifice. This configuration can force the thermal runaway emitting material to pass through multiple passage sections sequentially without leaking into the next passage section during the discharge process. For example, the arrow shown in FIG. 2b indicates the flow direction of the thermal runaway emitting material. When thermal runaway occurs, the emitting material generated and accumulated in the battery receiving space (15) (shown in FIG. 1) can be introduced into the first passage section (3551) through the inlet orifice (352) and can travel along the first passage section (3551). Next, the thermal runaway emitting material can be introduced into the second passage section (3553) through the first intermediate orifice (3556) and can travel along the second passage section (3553). Then, the thermal runaway emitting material can be introduced into the third passage section (3555) through the second intermediate orifice (3558) and can travel along the third passage section (3555). Then, the thermal runaway discharge can be introduced into the internal hollow space (312) of the first side beam (310) through the outlet orifice (354) and discharged to the external environment through the opening (304) (shown in FIG. 1).It should be noted that the present disclosure is not limited to the three-stage passage section configuration shown in FIGS. 2a through 2d. In other embodiments, the internal hollow space (355) of the cross beam (350) may include more or fewer passage sections, for example, two passage sections, four passage sections, or five passage sections, and these passage sections may be sequentially connected and fluidly connected so that the discharge moves along the discharge passage in a zigzag manner, thereby extending the time the discharge remains inside the cross beam (350).

[0040] In some embodiments, the periphery beam (300) of the frame (30) may be designed as a discharge passage for discharging thermal runaway emissions. In these embodiments, the periphery beam (300) fluidly connects each side beam to the others by defining an internal hollow space (400) (shown in FIG. 3b through 3d) that extends along the interior of the first side beam (310), the second side beam (320), the third side beam (330), and the fourth side beam (340). A spiral structure is proposed to extend the travel distance of the thermal runaway emissions within the internal hollow space (400). For example, the internal hollow space (400) may be partitioned into three layers connected sequentially through an intermediate orifice, and the passage sections of each layer are separated from the passage sections of adjacent layers by a separating member. An inlet orifice is provided on one side of one side beam and is used as an inlet for introducing thermal runaway emissions into the internal hollow space (400). For example, an inlet orifice (402) (shown in FIG. 3b and FIG. 3j) is provided adjacent to the bottom of the side beam to fluidly communicate with the battery receiving space (15) (shown in FIG. 1) and the passage section in the first floor. The end of the passage section in the third floor can fluidly communicate with the opening (304) in the first side beam (310).

[0041] The spiral structure of the discharge passage is described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3a through 3k. FIGS. 3a through 3k show a battery pack (10) according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3a shows a side view of the battery pack (10) according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 3a, an opening (304) is formed in a first side beam (310) so as to be in fluid communication with the internal hollow space (400) of a peripheral beam (300). FIG. 3b shows a bird's-eye view of a portion taken along line DD of FIG. 3a. FIG. 3c shows a bird's-eye view of a portion taken along line EE of FIG. 3a. FIG. 3d shows a bird's-eye view of a portion taken along line FF of FIG. 3a. FIG. 3e is an enlarged view of area G shown in FIG. 3b. FIG. 3f is an enlarged view of area H shown in FIG. 3c. FIG. 3g is an enlarged view of area I shown in FIG. 3d.

[0042] As illustrated in FIGS. 3b and 3g, the internal hollow space (400) may include a passage section (410) in a first layer that extends along the interior of the surrounding beam (300). In some embodiments, an inlet orifice (402) is formed on the inner side of the second side beam (320) to introduce thermal runaway radiants into the passage section (410) in the first layer. The thermal runaway radiants travel along the passage section (410) in the first layer and pass through the second side beam (320), the third side beam (330), the fourth side beam (340), and the first side beam (310) in sequence. At the end of the passage section (410) in the first layer, the thermal runaway discharge can flow into the passage section (420) in the second layer (illustrated in FIG. 3c) through the third intermediate orifice (412) formed in the third separator plate (414) (illustrated in FIG. 3c and 3f).

[0043] As illustrated in FIGS. 3c and 3f, the internal hollow space (400) may include a passage section (420) in a second layer that extends along the interior of the peripheral beam (300). After exiting the passage section (410) in the first layer, the thermal runaway emitting material may flow into the passage section (420) in the second layer through a third intermediate orifice (412) formed in the third separator plate (414). The thermal runaway emitting material travels along the passage section (420) in the second layer and sequentially passes through the second side beam (320), the third side beam (330), the fourth side beam (340), and the first side beam (310). At the end of the passage section (420) in the second layer, the thermal runaway effluent may flow into the passage section (430) in the third layer (illustrated in FIG. 3d) through a fourth intermediate orifice (422) formed in the fourth separator plate (424) (illustrated in FIG. 3d and 3g). At the end of the passage section (420) in the second layer, an end plate (416) is provided to prevent the thermal runaway effluent from recirculating along the second layer.

[0044] As illustrated in FIGS. 3d and 3g, the internal hollow space (400) may include a passage section (430) in a third layer that extends along the interior of the surrounding beam (300). After exiting the passage section (420) in the second layer, the thermal runaway emitting material may flow into the passage section (430) in the third layer through a fourth intermediate orifice (422) formed in the fourth separator plate (424). The thermal runaway emitting material travels along the passage section (430) in the third layer and sequentially passes through the second side beam (320), the third side beam (330), the fourth side beam (340), and the first side beam (310). Finally, the thermal runaway emitting material is discharged to the external environment through an opening (304) (illustrated in FIG. 3a) formed in the first side beam (310). An end plate (426) is provided at the end of the passage section (430) in the third floor to prevent thermal runaway emissions from recirculating along the third floor.

[0045] FIGS. 3h to 3i illustrate more details of the separator and intermediate orifice described with reference to FIGS. 3a to 3g. FIG. 3h shows a bird's-eye view of a battery pack (10) according to some embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3i shows a cross-sectional view taken along line J1-J1 of FIG. 3h. As shown in FIG. 3i, the third separator (414) separates the passage section (410) in the first layer and the passage section (420) in the second layer, and the fourth separator (424) separates the passage section (420) in the second layer and the passage section (430) in the third layer. It should be noted that the third and fourth separator plates are attached to the inner wall of the internal hollow space (400) of the surrounding beam (300) so that one passage section in one layer is kept airtight with respect to an adjacent passage section in an adjacent layer, except for fluid communication through the third intermediate orifice (412) and the fourth intermediate orifice (422). Additionally, end plates (416 and 426) are also attached to the inner top, bottom, and side wall of the corresponding layer so that one layer is kept airtight with respect to an adjacent layer, except for fluid communication through the third intermediate orifice (412) and the fourth intermediate orifice (422). This configuration can force thermal runaway discharges to pass sequentially through multiple passage sections in multiple layers without leaking to the next layer during the discharge process.

[0046] FIGS. 3j through 3k illustrate in more detail the structure of a discharge passage according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 3j shows a perspective view of a battery pack (10) according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a portion of which is cut along line J2-J2 shown in FIG. 3h. FIG. 3k shows an enlarged view of area K shown in FIG. 3j. As shown in FIGS. 3j and 3k, the internal structure of the internal hollow space (400) is illustrated based on a cross-section extending along the second side beam (320). Specifically, the passage section (410) in the first layer is separated by the passage section (420) in the separation layer and the third separator (414), and the passage section (420) in the second layer is separated by the passage section (430) in the third layer and the fourth separator (424). The inlet orifice (402) is formed at a location adjacent to the bottom of the second side beam (320) to connect the battery receiving space (15) (illustrated in FIG. 3b, FIG. 3c and FIG. 3d) with the passage section (410) in the first layer. For example, the arrow in FIG. 3k indicates the flow direction of the thermal runaway emission. When the thermal runaway emission enters the passage section (410), it can first move along the passage section (410) in the first layer. Then, the thermal runaway emission enters the passage section (420) in the second layer through the third intermediate orifice (412) formed in the third separator (414) and can continue to move along the passage section (420) in the second layer. Next, the thermal runaway effluent flows into the passage section (430) through the fourth intermediate orifice (422) formed in the fourth separator (424) and can continue to move along the passage section (430) in the third layer. After moving along the passage section (430), the thermal runaway effluent is discharged into the external environment through the opening (304) of the first side beam (310).

[0047] In some embodiments, some side beams may be designed to have a larger profile to accommodate a discharge passage for thermal runaway emissions. In other embodiments, additional side beams may be combined with some side beams to accommodate a discharge passage for thermal runaway emissions. FIGS. 4a through 4d illustrate a battery pack (11) according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 4a illustrates a partially exploded perspective view of a battery pack (11) according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 4a, the battery pack (11) generally comprises a battery receiving space (15) and a plurality of battery cells (100) accommodated in the battery receiving space (15). In some embodiments, the battery pack (11) may be in the shape of a rectangular box, which may include a bottom plate (20), a frame (30) coupled to the top surface of the bottom plate (20), and a top cover (40) coupled to the top surface of the frame (30). In some embodiments, to secure the top cover (40) to the frame (30) through fasteners such as screws, the top cover (40) may include holes (42) formed along its perimeter edges. Similar to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, the frame (30) may include a plurality of beams extending vertically from the bottom plate (20). For example, the frame (30) may include a perimeter beam (300) surrounding the battery receiving space (15) and a cross beam (350) that crosses the battery receiving space (15) and is joined to the perimeter beam (300). In some embodiments, to easily secure the top cover (40) to the perimeter beam (300), the perimeter beam (300) may include a plurality of holes (302) formed along its perimeter edges. Specifically, the perimeter beam (300) may include a first side beam (310), a second side beam (320), a third side beam (330), and a fourth side beam (340). The first to fourth side beams (310 to 340) can be manufactured as an integral structure through casting.Optionally, the first to fourth side beams (310 to 340) may be connected via connecting means such as welding and bonding. Similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, as shown in FIG. 1, the first side beam (310) is positioned opposite the third side beam (330), and the second side beam (320) is positioned opposite the fourth side beam (340). Unlike the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the frame (30) includes an additional beam (360) coupled to the second side beam (320) and an additional beam (370) coupled to the fourth side beam (340). It should be noted that the frame (30) may include only the additional beam (360) or only the additional beam (370). The additional beams (360 and 370) may define an internal hollow space to accommodate a discharge passage for thermal runaway discharges. The structure of the discharge passage in the auxiliary beam (360 and 370) will be explained using the auxiliary beam (360) as an example. The structure of the discharge passage in the auxiliary beam (370) can be configured similarly.

[0048] As illustrated in FIG. 4a, an inlet orifice (372) facing the battery receiving space (15) is formed on the inner side of the fourth side beam (340). Similarly, an inlet orifice (362) (illustrated in FIG. 4c) facing the battery receiving space (15) is formed on the inner side of the second side beam (320). These inlet orifices (362 and 372) can each introduce thermal runaway discharges into discharge passages within the additional beams (360 and 370). An outlet orifice (364) is formed on one side of the additional beam (360). Similarly, an outlet orifice (not illustrated) is formed on one side of the additional beam (370). In this embodiment, the outlet orifice can perform the function of the opening (304) described with reference to FIG. 1. In some embodiments, the inlet orifice (362) (shown in FIG. 4c) is formed at a lower position than the outlet orifice (364) in the vertical direction. This configuration can facilitate the deposition of particles and droplets contained in the thermal runaway discharge into the discharge passage.

[0049] FIG. 4b shows a bird's-eye view of a battery pack (11) according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, and FIG. 4c shows a cross-sectional view taken along line KK of FIG. 5b. As illustrated in FIG. 4c, in some embodiments, an internal hollow space (365) within an additional beam (360) is configured to extend in a zigzag manner within the additional beam (360). In other words, the internal hollow space (365) may include a plurality of sequentially connected passage sections—adjacent passage sections among the plurality of passage sections are fluidly connected through an intermediate orifice—; and a separating member for separating adjacent passage sections among the plurality of passage sections. For example, the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4c includes four passage sections (3651, 3653, 3655, and 3657) and three separating members, which are separating plates (3652, 3654, and 3656). Adjacent passage sections are separated by separator plates (3652, 3654, and 3656). Similar to the passage sections described with reference to FIG. 1, passage section (3651) is separated from passage section (3653) by separator plate (3652) and fluidly communicates with passage section (3653) through an intermediate orifice (3658); passage section (3653) is separated from passage section (3655) by separator plate (3654) and fluidly communicates with passage section (3655) through an intermediate orifice (3659); passage section (3655) is separated from passage section (3657) by separator plate (3656) and fluidly communicates with passage section (3657) through an intermediate orifice (3650). An outlet orifice (364) is provided at the end of passage section (3657). For example, the arrow shown in FIG. 4c indicates the direction of movement of the thermal runaway discharge. It should be noted that the separator plates (3652, 3654 and 3656) are joined to the inner wall of the additional beam (360) so that one passage section is kept airtight with respect to an adjacent passage section, except for fluid communication through the intermediate orifice.This configuration can force the thermal runaway effluent to pass through multiple passage sections sequentially without leaking into the next passage section during the discharge process. Similar to the example described with reference to FIG. 2b, when thermal runaway occurs, the thermal runaway effluent may flow into the internal hollow space (365) through the inlet orifice (362), pass through the passage sections (3651, 3653, 3655, and 3657) sequentially, and then be discharged to the external environment through the outlet orifice (364). It should be noted that, although not described in detail, the discharge passage within the additional beam (370) may adopt the same configuration as the internal hollow space (365) described above.

[0050] FIG. 4d is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 4c, illustrating various discharge passages within the additional beam (360). As shown in FIG. 4d, a plurality of pins (366) are arranged within a plurality of passage sections (3651, 3653, 3655, and 3657). In some embodiments, the plurality of pins (366) are formed on the bottom surface of the plurality of passage sections (3651, 3653, 3655, and 3657). In some embodiments, the plurality of pins (366) may be arranged at an angle on the bottom surface of the plurality of passage sections (3651, 3653, 3655, and 3657). For example, the plurality of pins (366) form an acute angle opposite to the direction of discharge flow indicated by the arrow in FIG. 4d. It should be noted that in other embodiments not illustrated, a plurality of pins (366) may be placed in some or all of the plurality of passage sections (3651, 3653, 3655, and 3657). In other embodiments not illustrated, a plurality of pins (366) may be additionally placed on the upper wall and / or side wall of the passage sections (3651, 3653, 3655, and 3657). In other embodiments not illustrated, a plurality of pins (366) may be discontinuously placed on the bottom surface of the plurality of passage sections (3651, 3653, 3655, and 3657). In other embodiments not illustrated, a plurality of pins (366) may extend vertically from the bottom surface of the plurality of passage sections (3651, 3653, 3655, and 3657). In some other embodiments not illustrated, a plurality of pins (366) may form an acute angle with the direction of the ejection flow indicated by the arrow in FIG. 4d. A plurality of pins (366) within the ejection passage may delay and capture the thermal runaway ejection, thereby facilitating the deposition of particles and droplets in the thermal runaway ejection.It should be noted that although not illustrated, a number of pins such as pin (366) may be provided in the same way in the discharge passage within the horizontal beam (350) described with reference to FIGS. 2a through 2d and in the discharge passage within the peripheral beam (300) described with reference to FIGS. 3a through 3k.

[0051] In some embodiments, an aggregation member may be contained within a discharge passage. Such an aggregation member contains an aggregator in its internal space. As used herein, the term aggregation member refers to a structural component capable of capturing, condensing, aggregating, coagulating, condensing, and / or combining particles, dust, droplets, mist, and / or smoke contained in a thermal runaway emission with a reactive agent referred to as an aggregator. For example, when a thermal runaway emission passes through an aggregation member, small droplets of electrolyte may aggregate into larger droplets and be deposited in the discharge passage, thereby capturing and reducing visible smoke contained in the thermal runaway emission.

[0052] FIG. 5a shows a perspective view of a beam containing an aggregation member within a discharge passage according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be noted that the beam illustrated in FIG. 5a is provided as an example to explain details regarding the structure and location of the aggregation member in the discharge passage, and the beam illustrated in FIG. 5a should not be construed as limiting the lateral beams, transverse beams, and additional beams described herein. For example, the beam illustrated in FIG. 6a may be a transverse beam described with reference to FIG. 2a through 2d, a lateral beam described with reference to FIG. 3a through 3k, or an additional beam described with reference to FIG. 4a through 4d.

[0053] As illustrated in FIG. 5a, the beam (600) defines an internal hollow space (650) as a discharge passage for thermal runaway discharges. The internal hollow space (650) includes a plurality of passage sections (6501, 6503, and 6505), and adjacent passage sections are separated by a separating member which is a separating plate (6502 and 6504). Similar to the passage sections described with reference to FIG. 1, the passage section (6501) is separated from the passage section (6503) by the separating plate (6502) and is fluidly connected to the passage section (6503) through an intermediate orifice (6506), and the passage section (6503) is separated from the passage section (6505) by the separating plate (6504) and is fluidly connected to the passage section (6505) through an intermediate orifice (6508). An outlet orifice (604) is formed at the end of the passage section (6505). The entrance orifice of the discharge passage is not illustrated. As illustrated in FIG. 5a, a cohesive member (610) is disposed within passage section (6501), a cohesive member (620) is disposed within passage section (6503), and a cohesive member (630) is disposed within passage section (6505). It should be noted that not all passage sections contain a cohesive member, and such cohesive members may not be provided in the same location in each passage section. Now, the structure and configuration of the cohesive member will be described using the cohesive member (610) as an example. As illustrated in FIG. 5a, the cohesive member (610) includes end walls (612 and 614) that are coupled to the inner wall of passage section (6501). A plurality of pores (611) are formed in the end walls (612 and 614) so ​​that thermal runaway discharges can pass through the cohesive member (610). A plurality of cohesive packages (616) are placed between the end walls (612 and 614), and a description thereof is provided below with reference to FIG. 5b.

[0054] FIG. 5b illustrates an aggregation member (610) according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 5b, a plurality of shafts (615) are formed between end walls (612 and 614) and extend along a passage section. In other words, the plurality of shafts (615) extend vertically from the end walls (612 and 614). A plurality of aggregation packages (616) are fitted onto the plurality of shafts (615). In some embodiments, the plurality of shafts (615) may each include one or more aggregation packages (616). As illustrated in FIG. 5b, the plurality of aggregation packages (616) may be fitted discontinuously onto the shafts (615). In some embodiments, the aggregation packages (616) on different shafts (615) may be arranged alternately or staggered. This configuration may enhance the aggregation effect by providing space for thermal runaway emissions to pass uniformly through each aggregation package (616). In some embodiments, the aggregation package (616) may be configured in a small rectangular shape with a number of pores formed in the shell. In some embodiments, the aggregation package (616) may contain an aggregator inside. In some embodiments, the aggregator has wettability to the electrolyte, ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) or dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and / or water. In some embodiments, the aggregator may be designed as a solid material that is soluble in the electrolyte (EMC or DMC) and / or water. Alternatively, a method may be adopted in which a layer of soluble solid material is coated on the surface of a relatively heavy material, which condenses the smoke while causing the material to settle rapidly due to its own weight. Due to these two characteristics, when a fine electrolyte mist comes into contact with the aggregator, it aggregates and settles into a larger droplet with the aggregator as the core.Accordingly, the above coagulant may be a metal or plastic plate having a rough surface, a material that decomposes easily at high temperatures to produce a large amount of cores such as silver iodide, a material that can be dissolved in water and / or an electrolyte (EMC or DMC) and used as a nucleating agent such as sodium chloride powder, or a porous material having micropores such as porous carbon.

[0055] In some embodiments, the shaft (615) may be made of a flexible material. When a thermal runaway emitting material passes through the aggregation member (610), a plurality of aggregation packages (616) may vibrate in a direction not parallel to the extension direction of the passage section (6501). In some embodiments, the shaft (615) may be configured to vibrate the plurality of aggregation packages (616) in a direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the thermal runaway emitting material. Such vibration may improve the contact efficiency between the aggregator within the aggregation member (610) and the thermal runaway emitting material.

[0056] Variations of the cohesive member according to some embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS. 6a and 6b. FIG. 6a shows a perspective view of a beam containing a cohesive member within a discharge passage according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be noted that the beam illustrated in FIG. 6a is provided as an example to explain details regarding the structure and position of the cohesive member with respect to the discharge passage, and the beam illustrated in FIG. 6a should not be construed as limiting the lateral beams, transverse beams, and additional beams described herein. For example, the beam illustrated in FIG. 6a may be a transverse beam described with reference to FIGS. 2a through 2d, a lateral beam described with reference to FIGS. 3a through 3k, or an additional beam described with reference to FIGS. 4a through 4d.

[0057] As illustrated in FIG. 6a, the beam (700) defines an internal hollow space (750) as a discharge passage for thermal runaway discharges. The internal hollow space (750) includes a plurality of passage sections (7501, 7503, and 7505), and adjacent passage sections are separated by a separating member which is a separating plate (7502 and 7504). Similar to the passage sections described with reference to FIG. 1, passage section (7501) is separated from passage section (7503) by a separating plate (7502) and fluidly communicates with passage section (7503) through an intermediate orifice (7506), and passage section (7503) is separated from passage section (7505) by a separating plate (7504) and fluidly communicates with passage section (7505) through an intermediate orifice (7508). An outlet orifice (704) is formed at the end of passage section (7505). The inlet orifice of the discharge passage is not shown. As shown in FIG. 6a, a cohesive member (710) is placed within passage section (7501), a cohesive member (720) is placed within passage section (7503), and a cohesive member (730) is placed within passage section (7505). It should be noted that not all passage sections contain a cohesive member, and that such cohesive members may not be provided in the same location in each passage section. Now, the structure and configuration of the cohesive member will be described using the cohesive member (710) as an example. As shown in FIG. 6a, unlike the cohesive member (610) shown in FIG. 5a, the cohesive member (710) is connected to the passage section (7501) through one or more connecting members (712) (shown in FIG. 6b).

[0058] FIG. 6b illustrates a coagulating member (710) according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 6b, the coagulating member (710) is constructed as a rectangular prism, and a plurality of pores are formed penetrating its perimeter walls. In some embodiments, the coagulating member (710) may contain a coagulant, such as the coagulant described with reference to FIG. 6b, inside. These pores may facilitate thermal runaway discharges passing through the coagulating member (710) and coming into contact with the coagulant inside. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 6b, six coupling members (712) are arranged in two rows on the bottom of the coagulating member (710). In some embodiments, the coupling members (712) may include helical springs. It should be noted that the present disclosure is not limited to six coupling members (712). In some embodiments not illustrated, the aggregation member (710) may include more or fewer coupling members (712), and these coupling members (712) may be disposed in any implementable manner on the bottom of the aggregation member (710). It should be noted that the present disclosure is not limited to the coupling members (712) being disposed on the bottom of the passage section (7501). In some other embodiments not illustrated, the coupling members (712) may be optionally or additionally disposed on the side walls and / or top walls of the aggregation member (710) to be coupled with the side walls and / or top walls of the passage section (7501). When a thermal runaway emitting material passes through the aggregation member (710), the aggregation member (710) may be vibrated by the coupling members (712). This configuration may improve the contact efficiency between the aggregation agent within the aggregation member (710) and the thermal runaway emitting material.

[0059] In some embodiments not illustrated, the coupling member (712) may include an electrically operable vibrator. This vibrator may be electrically operated by a low-voltage power system that may be included in the power control system of the battery pack. When thermal runaway occurs, the battery pack may generate a thermal failure signal and transmit it to a battery management system (BMS). The BMS may then control the low-voltage power system to supply power so that the vibrator vibrates in a controlled direction at a controlled frequency and / or amplitude. In some other embodiments not illustrated, the coupling member (712) may include an electrically operable latch comprising an elastic member such as a spring. When thermal runaway occurs, the BMS may control the low-voltage power system to supply power so that the latch is separated from the passage section. The cohesive member (710) may then vibrate by the spring. Such an electrically operable vibrator / latch can improve the reliability of the cohesive member (710) by preventing fatigue caused by prolonged vibration during long-term driving of a vehicle equipped with the cohesive member (710). In addition, this electrically operable vibrator / latch can operate quickly to vibrate the agglomerate member (710) and improve the contact efficiency / performance of the agglomerate member (710).

[0060] In another aspect of the present disclosure, the inventors studied the relationship between the length of the discharge passage, the volumetric energy density, and the battery capacity. Since the discharge passage includes multiple passage sections, the length of the discharge passage is considered to be the total length of the multiple passage sections. The performance of the discharge passage in discharging thermal runaway emissions in a controlled manner can be evaluated by the following equation (1).

[0061] (1)

[0062] Here, P represents the performance of the emission path, w represents the volumetric energy density, c represents the capacity of the battery cell, and s represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the emission path. In some embodiments, is derived.

[0063] To evaluate the performance of the discharge passage according to the present disclosure, examples that can be compared with comparative examples were provided, and the results are as shown in Table 1 below.

[0064] w (Wh / L) c (Ah) s (mm 2 ) P result Example 1 351 50 157 112 normal Example 2 351 50 521 34 normal Example 3 351 50 2352 7 normal Example 4 412 112 267 173 normal Example 5 412 112 521 89 normal Example 6 412 112 2352 20 normal Example 7 542 175 521 182 Normal, but the battery pack is swollen Example 8 542 175 897 106 normal Example 9 542 175 2352 40 normal Comparative Example 1 351 50 3521 5 It is normal, but the battery pack casing needs modification. Comparative Example 2 351 50 4213 4 It is normal, but the battery pack casing needs modification. Comparative Example 3 542 175 267 355 Battery pack secrets destroyed Comparative Example 3 542 175 157 604 Battery pack explosion

[0065] When battery energy density (w) and capacity (c) are at their maximum values, the temperature of the smoke generated by thermal runaway in the battery core increases, the smoke contains more particles, and the emission volume also increases. In this case, the cross-sectional area of ​​the emission path is at its minimum to allow the thermal runaway emissions to be discharged from the battery pack normally and rapidly, thereby preventing the breaching of the battery pack's airtightness or explosion. Therefore, performance P has its maximum value. When battery energy density (w) and capacity (c) are at their minimum values, the temperature of the smoke generated by thermal runaway in the battery core is lower. In this case, there is little to no particulate matter, and the volume of emissions is also smaller. In this case, the cross-sectional area of ​​the emission path has its maximum value. This ensures that the thermal runaway emissions achieve sufficient cooling and condensation absorption effects within the emission path. At the same time, there is no need to excessively change the size of the battery pack's outer envelope. Since this technology is more cost-effective, performance P has its minimum value.

[0066] In some embodiments, the performance P is preferably greater than or equal to 7 and less than or equal to 173, i.e. am.

[0067] Although the present invention has been specifically illustrated and described with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications in form and detail may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The inventors anticipate that those skilled in the art may apply appropriate modifications, and intend that the invention may be practiced in ways other than those specifically described herein. Accordingly, the present invention includes all modifications and equivalents of the subject matter of the invention as described in the appended claims, to the extent permitted by applicable law. Furthermore, unless otherwise stated or clearly contradictory in the context, any combination of all possible modifications of all elements described above is included in the present invention.

Claims

Claim 1 A battery pack comprising: a plurality of battery cells—at least one of which includes a pressure relief member for discharging a discharge for pressure relief—; a frame defining a battery receiving space for accommodating the plurality of battery cells, wherein the frame comprises: a plurality of beams; an opening formed in one or more of the plurality of beams and communicating with the external environment of the battery pack; and a passage extending from within one or more of the plurality of beams and configured to communicate fluidly with the battery receiving space and the opening, wherein the passage comprises a plurality of passage sections connected sequentially and a separating member for separating adjacent passage sections among the plurality of passage sections. Claim 2 A battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the passage includes an inlet orifice fluidly communicating with a battery receiving space and an outlet orifice fluidly communicating with an opening, and wherein the outlet orifice is positioned higher than the inlet orifice in the vertical direction. Claim 3 A battery pack according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the passage further comprises a plurality of pins disposed on the inner wall of the passage. Claim 4 A battery pack according to paragraph 3, wherein each of the plurality of pins forms an acute angle with the direction opposite to the direction of discharge flow. Claim 5 A battery pack according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the plurality of pins are composed of a plurality of groups discontinuously arranged on the inner wall of the passage. Claim 6 A battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the passage further comprises a coagulating member in which a coagulant is contained in an internal space. Claim 7 A battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that the aggregation member is coupled to the inner wall of the passage through a coupling member. Claim 8 A battery pack according to claim 7, wherein the coupling member comprises one or more elastic members. Claim 9 A battery pack according to claim 7, wherein the coupling member comprises one or more electrically operable vibrators. Claim 10 A battery pack according to claim 6, wherein the aggregation member comprises: an end wall having a plurality of pores; a plurality of shafts coupled between the end walls; and a plurality of aggregation packages fitted onto one or more of the plurality of shafts, wherein each aggregation package contains an aggregation agent. Claim 11 A battery pack according to claim 10, wherein the aggregation package mounted on one of the plurality of shafts is alternately arranged with the aggregation package mounted on another of the plurality of shafts. Claim 12 A battery pack according to any one of claims 1 or 3 to 11, wherein the plurality of beams comprises: a peripheral beam surrounding a battery receiving space - said peripheral beam has an internal hollow space, and said opening is formed in the peripheral beam and fluidly communicates with the internal hollow space -; and a transverse beam connected to the peripheral beam across the battery receiving space, wherein the passageway extends in a zigzag manner within the transverse beam, and adjacent passageway sections among the plurality of passageway sections are fluidly communicated through an intermediate orifice. Claim 13 A battery pack according to paragraph 2, wherein the plurality of beams comprises a peripheral beam surrounding a battery receiving space - said peripheral beam has an internal hollow space, and said opening is formed in the peripheral beam and fluidly communicates with the internal hollow space -; and a transverse beam connected to the peripheral beam across the battery receiving space, wherein the passageway extends in a zigzag manner within the transverse beam, and adjacent passageway sections among the plurality of passageway sections are fluidly communicated through an intermediate orifice. Claim 14 A battery pack according to claim 13, characterized in that the inlet orifice is formed in a horizontal beam and the outlet orifice is fluidly connected to the internal hollow space of a surrounding beam. Claim 15 A battery pack according to any one of claims 1 or 3 to 11, wherein the plurality of beams includes a surrounding beam surrounding a battery receiving space, the passage extends spirally within the surrounding beam, and adjacent passage sections among the plurality of passage sections are fluidly connected through an intermediate orifice. Claim 16 A battery pack according to paragraph 2, wherein the plurality of beams includes a surrounding beam surrounding a battery receiving space, the passage extends spirally within the surrounding beam, and adjacent passage sections among the plurality of passage sections are fluidly connected through an intermediate orifice. Claim 17 A battery pack according to claim 16, characterized in that both the inlet orifice and the outlet orifice are formed in the surrounding beam. Claim 18 A battery pack according to any one of claims 1 or 3 to 11, wherein the plurality of beams comprises: a peripheral beam surrounding a battery receiving space - wherein an inlet orifice formed in the peripheral beam is fluidly connected to the battery receiving space - and an additional beam coupled to the peripheral beam on the outer side opposite the battery receiving space, wherein the passage extends in a zigzag manner within the additional beam and is fluidly connected to the battery receiving space through the inlet orifice, and adjacent passage sections among the plurality of passage sections are fluidly connected through an intermediate orifice. Claim 19 A battery pack according to paragraph 2, wherein the plurality of beams comprises a peripheral beam surrounding a battery receiving space—in which an inlet orifice is formed in the peripheral beam to be in fluid communication with the battery receiving space—and an additional beam coupled to the peripheral beam on the outer side opposite the battery receiving space, wherein the passage extends in a zigzag manner within the additional beam and is in fluid communication with the battery receiving space through the inlet orifice, and adjacent passage sections among the plurality of passage sections are in fluid communication through an intermediate orifice. Claim 20 A battery pack according to claim 19, characterized in that both the inlet orifice and the outlet orifice are formed on an additional beam. Claim 21 In any one of claims 1 to 20, the passage is characterized by the following formula, and Here, P represents the performance of the passage, w represents the volumetric energy density of the battery cell, c represents the capacity of the battery cell, and s represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the passage, wherein the passage is A battery pack characterized by being defined as. Claim 22 In Clause 21, the above passage is A battery pack characterized by being defined as. Claim 23 An electric device comprising a battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 22, wherein the battery pack is configured to provide electric energy to the electric device.

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