Display device and electronic device comprising the same

Abstract

The present specification discloses a display device and an electronic device including the same. A display device according to various embodiments of the present specification includes a first pixel group comprising a first pixel, a second pixel, a third pixel, and a fourth pixel, wherein a plurality of light-emitting regions are defined; a second pixel group comprising a fifth pixel and a sixth pixel, wherein a plurality of light-emitting regions are defined; and an optical lens portion comprising a first lens and a second lens, wherein the second pixel group and the optical lens portion are disposed on the first pixel group, the fifth pixel overlaps the first pixel and the optical lens portion in the thickness direction, and the first lens overlaps the second pixel in the thickness direction.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] This specification relates to a display device and an electronic device including the same. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of communication technology and media, display devices are being used to display images in various locations and environments. In particular, various types of display devices, such as Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) and Organic Light Emitting Displays (OLEDs), are widely used.

[0003] Recently, stereoscopic display devices have been developed that use a lens array to divide and display images of the display device across the space in front of the display device. Stereoscopic display devices include a binocular parallax method, which separates and displays left-eye and right-eye images to create a sense of depth based on binocular parallax, and a light field method, which converges light emitted from each lens of the lens array into the view area where the viewer observes the display device. Accordingly, research is continuing on light field stereoscopic display devices that increase the number of view areas to display more three-dimensional 3D images. The problem to be solved

[0004] The present specification has as its objective the provision of a display device with improved display quality.

[0005] The problems of this specification are not limited to those mentioned above, and other problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by a person skilled in the art from the description below. means of solving the problem

[0006] A display device according to various embodiments of the present specification comprises a first pixel group including a first pixel, a second pixel, a third pixel, and a fourth pixel in which a plurality of light-emitting regions are defined, a second pixel group including a fifth pixel and a sixth pixel in which a plurality of light-emitting regions are defined, and an optical lens portion including a first lens and a second lens, wherein the second pixel group and the optical lens portion are disposed on the first pixel group, the fifth pixel overlaps the first pixel and the optical lens portion in the thickness direction, and the first lens overlaps the second pixel in the thickness direction.

[0007] According to various embodiments of the present specification, a first pixel, a second pixel, a third pixel, and a fourth pixel may be arranged sequentially along a first direction, and a fifth pixel, a first lens, a sixth pixel, and a second lens may be arranged sequentially along a first direction.

[0008] According to various embodiments of the present specification, the sixth pixel may overlap with the third pixel in the thickness direction, and the second lens may overlap with the fourth pixel in the thickness direction.

[0009] According to various embodiments of the present specification, an optical lens portion may be disposed on a first base substrate, and a second pixel group may be disposed on a transparent substrate.

[0010] According to various embodiments of the present specification, an optical lens portion may be disposed between a first base substrate and a second base substrate disposed on the first base substrate.

[0011] According to various embodiments of the present specification, a filling layer disposed between a first base substrate and a second base substrate may be further included.

[0012] According to various embodiments of the present specification, the first base substrate may include the same material as the transparent substrate.

[0013] According to various embodiments of the present specification, the transmittance of the wiring driving the second pixel group may be higher than the transmittance of the wiring driving the first pixel group.

[0014] According to various embodiments of the present specification, a first pixel group may emit light when a three-dimensional image is realized, and a second pixel group may emit light when a two-dimensional image is realized.

[0015] According to various embodiments of the present specification, a polarization control unit disposed between a first pixel group and an optical lens unit may be further included.

[0016] According to various embodiments of the present specification, the polarization control unit may include a third base substrate, a fourth base substrate disposed on the third base substrate, and a driving liquid crystal disposed between the third base substrate and the fourth base substrate.

[0017] According to various embodiments of the present specification, a first pixel group emits light when a two-dimensional image and a three-dimensional image are realized, and a second pixel group emits light when a two-dimensional image is realized.

[0018] According to various embodiments of the present specification, the polarization control unit may further include a first driving electrode disposed between the driving liquid crystal and the fourth base substrate, and a second driving electrode disposed between the driving liquid crystal and the third base substrate.

[0019] According to various embodiments of the present specification, the fourth driving electrode and a third driving electrode disposed on the fourth driving electrode are further included, and the optical lens portion may be disposed between the fourth driving electrode and the third driving electrode.

[0020] According to various embodiments of the present specification, a first pixel group emits light when a two-dimensional image and a three-dimensional image are realized, and a second pixel group emits light when a two-dimensional image is realized.

[0021] An electronic device according to various embodiments of the present specification comprises a processor that provides an image signal, a display module that receives an image signal from the processor and displays an image, and a power module that supplies power to the display module. The display module comprises a first pixel group including a first pixel, a second pixel, a third pixel, and a fourth pixel in which a plurality of light-emitting regions are defined, a second pixel group including a fifth pixel and a sixth pixel in which a plurality of light-emitting regions are defined, and an optical lens portion including a first lens and a second lens. The second pixel group and the optical lens portion are disposed on the first pixel group, the fifth pixel overlaps the first pixel and the optical lens portion in the thickness direction, and the first lens overlaps the second pixel in the thickness direction.

[0022] According to various embodiments of the present specification, an optical lens portion may be disposed on a first base substrate, and a second pixel group may be disposed on a transparent substrate.

[0023] According to various embodiments of the present specification, the transmittance of the wiring driving the second pixel group may be higher than the transmittance of the wiring driving the first pixel group.

[0024] According to various embodiments of the present specification, a first pixel group may emit light when a three-dimensional image is realized, and a second pixel group may emit light when a two-dimensional image is realized.

[0025] According to various embodiments of the present specification, a polarization control unit disposed between a first pixel group and an optical lens unit may be further included. Effects of the invention

[0026] According to the embodiment, there is an advantage that a two-dimensional image can be realized using light emitted from a second pixel group placed above a first pixel group without the need to additionally place a separate driving electrode, etc. At the same time, as the number of overlapping pixels per unit area of ​​the lens increases, the resolution of the display device can be increased and the display quality of the three-dimensional image can be improved. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0027] FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a display device according to one embodiment of the present specification. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a display device according to FIG. 1. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of a display device including a light-emitting region. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an always-on light field display device. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a first type of light field display device in which a two-dimensional image is implemented. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a first type of light field display device in which a three-dimensional image is implemented. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a second type of light field display device in which a two-dimensional image is implemented. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a second type of light field display device in which a three-dimensional image is implemented. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a display device according to the first embodiment of the present specification. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing in detail a light-emitting region implemented from a second pixel group according to embodiments of the present specification. FIG. 11 is a first variation of FIG. 9. FIG. 12 is a second variation of FIG. 9. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a display device according to a first embodiment in which a two-dimensional image is implemented. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a display device according to a first embodiment in which a three-dimensional image is implemented. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a display device according to a second embodiment of the present specification. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing a display device according to a third embodiment of the present specification. FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing a display device according to the fourth embodiment of the present specification. FIG. 18 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present specification. FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to various embodiments of the present specification. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0028] The advantages and features of the embodiments disclosed in this specification, and the methods for achieving them, will become clear by referring to the embodiments described below in detail together with the accompanying drawings. However, the invention according to this specification is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below but may be implemented in various different forms. These embodiments are provided merely to ensure that the disclosure of this specification is complete and to fully inform those skilled in the art of the scope of the invention, and the invention according to this specification is defined only by the scope of the claims.

[0029] When elements or layers are referred to as being on another element or layer, this includes cases where another layer or element is interposed directly on or in the middle of another element. Throughout this specification, the same reference numerals refer to the same components. Shapes, sizes, ratios, angles, numbers, etc. disclosed in the drawings for describing embodiments are exemplary and are not limited to those depicted in this specification.

[0030] Although terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used to describe various components, it goes without saying that these components are not limited by these terms. These terms are used merely to distinguish one component from another. Therefore, it goes without saying that the first component mentioned below may be the second component within the technical scope of this specification.

[0031] The features of each of the various embodiments disclosed in this specification may be combined or combined with one another, either partially or wholly, and may technically enable various interlocking and operation. Each embodiment may be implemented independently of one another or may be implemented together in an associated relationship.

[0032] Specific embodiments are described below with reference to the attached drawings. Components having substantially the same function among the embodiments are assigned the same reference numerals, and repetitive descriptions thereof are omitted.

[0033] FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a display device according to one embodiment of the present specification. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the display device according to FIG. 1.

[0034] The display device (290) can be implemented as a flat panel display such as a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), a Field Emission Display (FED), a Plasma Display Panel (PDP), and an Organic Light Emitting Display (OLED).

[0035] The display device (290) may be a stereoscopic image display device, for example, a 3D image display device, comprising a display module (100) and an optical member (200). To display a 3D image, the stereoscopic image display device may display a left-eye image and a right-eye image separately in the front direction to create a sense of depth through binocular parallax. Furthermore, the stereoscopic image display device may provide multiple viewing angle images separately in the front of the display device to show different images for each different viewing angle.

[0036] A display device (290) according to one embodiment may be a light field display device that arranges an optical member (200) on the front of a display module (100) so that different image information is visible to both eyes of a viewer. The light field display device can generate a light field and create a 3D stereoscopic image by using a display module (100) that displays a 2D image and an optical member (200) that converts the 2D image into a 3D image and displays it. As described below, the light field display device causes the image display light generated from each pixel of the display module (100) to form a light field directed toward a specific direction (a specific viewing angle and / or a specific viewpoint) by means of a stereoscopic lens, pinhole, or barrier included in the optical member (200). Accordingly, 3D stereoscopic image information corresponding to a specific direction can be provided to the viewer.

[0037] The display module (100) may include a display panel (110) and a display driving unit (120).

[0038] The display panel (110) may include a display area (DA) and a non-display area (NDA). The display area (DA) may include data lines, scan lines, voltage supply lines, and a plurality of pixels connected to the corresponding data lines and scan lines. For example, the scan lines may extend in a first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) and be spaced apart from each other in a second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction). The data lines and voltage supply lines may extend in a second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction) and be spaced apart from each other in a first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction).

[0039] Each pixel (or unit pixel) formed and arranged on the display panel (110) includes a minimum number of subpixels capable of displaying white. For example, each pixel may include three subpixels that display red, green, and blue light, respectively. Each of the subpixels arranged alternately may be connected to at least one scan line, a data line, and a power supply line. Each of the subpixels may include thin-film transistors including a driving transistor and at least one switching transistor, a light-emitting element, and a capacitor. Each of the pixels may receive a data voltage of the data line when a scan signal is applied from the scan line, and may emit light by supplying a driving current to the light-emitting element according to the data voltage applied to the gate electrode.

[0040] In this specification, the pixels of the display panel (110) (e.g., each unit pixel) display a two-dimensional multi-view image according to the order of image data supply of the display driving unit (120). The multi-view image includes n view images (where n is a natural number greater than or equal to 2), wherein the n view images are images generated by taking an image of a specific object (or content) with n cameras spaced apart by the binocular distance of a normal person.

[0041] For example, n view images may include first data collected from a first viewing angle of specific content, second data collected from a second viewing angle of said specific content, nth data collected from an nth viewing angle of said specific content, etc. A plurality of data (first data to nth data) generated by capturing specific content may be digital data.

[0042] The display panel (110) can display a multi-view image in units of n pixels during the image display period. For example, the display panel (110) can display a multi-view image in units of 2 pixels. That is, the 2 pixels of the display panel (110) can display a multi-view image containing 2 view images. In particular, the display panel (110) can display a multi-view image in units of time-division frames (or sub-frames) according to the time-division driving of the display driving unit (120). In this case, the multi-view image can be displayed in units of 2 pixels for each time-division frame period. The time-division frame period is a period in which a 1-frame period is divided and driven in units of 1 / 2 or 1 / 3 frames.

[0043] A non-display area (NDA) may surround a display area (DA) at the edge of a display panel (110). The non-display area (NDA) may include a scan driver (not shown) that applies scan signals to scan lines, and pads (not shown) connected to a display driver (120). For example, the display driver (120) may be positioned on one side of the non-display area (NDA), and the pads may be positioned on one edge of the non-display area (NDA) where the display driver (120) is positioned.

[0044] The display driving unit (120) can output control signals and image data voltages for driving the display panel (110) in units of at least one frame or at least one time-division frame (or sub-frame). For example, the display driving unit (120) can supply image data voltages to data lines in units of at least one time-division frame (or sub-frame). The display driving unit (120) can supply power voltage to the power supply line and supply scan control signals to the scan driving unit. The image data voltage may include multiple data voltages supplied to multiple pixels (or sub-pixels) connected to multiple data lines.

[0045] The optical member (200) includes an optical lens portion (e.g., an anisotropic refractive lens, 230) formed between the first and second base substrates (210, 220), a polarization control portion (250) formed by stacking and overlapping with the optical lens portion (230), and a filling material layer (240) filled between the optical lens portion (230) and the second base substrate (220).

[0046] The display driver (120) may be formed as an integrated circuit (IC) and placed in the non-display area (NDA) of the display panel (110) using a Chip on Glass (COG) method, a Chip on Plastic (COP) method, or an ultrasonic bonding method. As another example, the display driver (120) may be mounted on a circuit board (not shown) and connected to the pads of the display panel (110).

[0047] The optical member (200) may be positioned in the front direction of the display panel (110) or the display module (100). The optical member (200) may be attached to one side of the display panel (110) or the display area (DA) through an adhesive member. This optical member (200) may be bonded to the front of the display module (100) by a separate panel bonding device.

[0048] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of a display device including a light-emitting region.

[0049] Referring to FIG. 3, the display panel (110) may include a substrate (SUB), a thin film transistor layer (TFTL), a light-emitting element layer (EML), and a sealing film (TFE).

[0050] The thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) may include an active layer (ACT), a first gate metal layer (GTL1), a second gate metal layer (GTL2), a first data metal layer (DTL1), and a second data metal layer (DTL2). Additionally, the thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) may include a buffer film (BF), a gate insulating film (130), a first interlayer insulating film (141), a second interlayer insulating film (142), a first planarization film (160), and a second planarization film (180). The thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) may include a plurality of thin-film transistors (TFTs), and each of the plurality of thin-film transistors (TFTs) may include a channel (TCH), a gate electrode (TG), a first electrode (TS), and a second electrode (TD).

[0051] The active layer (ACT) may be disposed on a substrate (SUB). The active layer (ACT) may include a silicon semiconductor such as polycrystalline silicon, single-crystal silicon, and low-temperature polycrystalline silicon, or may include an oxide semiconductor.

[0052] The active layer (ACT) may include a channel (TCH), a first electrode (TS), and a second electrode (TD) for each of the plurality of thin-film transistors (TFTs). The channel (TCH) may be a region that overlaps with the gate electrode (TG) of the thin-film transistor (TFT) in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction), which is the thickness direction of the substrate (SUB). The first electrode (TS) may be disposed on one side of the channel (TCH), and the second electrode (TD) may be disposed on the other side of the channel (TCH). The first electrode (TS) and the second electrode (TD) may be regions that do not overlap with the gate electrode (TG) in the third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). The first electrode (TS) and the second electrode (TD) may be regions that have conductivity by doping ions into a silicon semiconductor or an oxide semiconductor.

[0053] A gate insulating film (130) may be disposed on the active layer (ACT). The gate insulating film (130) may be formed of an inorganic film, for example, a silicon nitride layer, a silicon oxynitride layer, a silicon oxide layer, a titanium oxide layer, or an aluminum oxide layer.

[0054] A first gate metal layer (GTL1) may be disposed on the gate insulating film (130). The first gate metal layer (GTL1) may include a gate electrode (TG) and a first capacitor electrode (CAE1) for each of a plurality of thin-film transistors (TFTs). The first gate metal layer (GTL1) may be formed as a single layer or a multilayer composed of any one of molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), gold (Au), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), neodymium (Nd), and copper (Cu), or an alloy thereof.

[0055] A first interlayer insulating film (141) may be disposed on the first gate metal layer (GTL1). The first interlayer insulating film (141) may be formed of an inorganic film, for example, a silicon nitride layer, a silicon oxynitride layer, a silicon oxide layer, a titanium oxide layer, or an aluminum oxide layer.

[0056] A second gate metal layer (GTL2) may be disposed on the first interlayer insulating film (141). The second gate metal layer (GTL2) may include a second capacitor electrode (CAE2). The second capacitor electrode (CAE2) may overlap with the first capacitor electrode (CAE1) in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). The capacitor (Cst) may include the first capacitor electrode (CAE1) and the second capacitor electrode (CAE2). The second gate metal layer (GTL2) may be formed as a single layer or a multilayer made of any one of molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), gold (Au), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), neodymium (Nd), and copper (Cu), or an alloy thereof.

[0057] A second interlayer insulating film (142) may be disposed on the second gate metal layer (GTL2). The second interlayer insulating film (142) may be formed of an inorganic film, for example, a silicon nitride layer, a silicon oxynitride layer, a silicon oxide layer, a titanium oxide layer, or an aluminum oxide layer.

[0058] A first data metal layer (DTL1) including a first connection electrode (CE1) may be disposed on the second interlayer insulating film (142). The first connection electrode (CE1) may be connected to the first electrode (TS) or the second electrode (TD) of a thin-film transistor (TFT) through a first contact hole (CT1) penetrating the gate insulating film (130), the first interlayer insulating film (141), and the second interlayer insulating film (142). The first data metal layer (DTL1) may be formed as a single layer or a multilayer composed of any one of molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), gold (Au), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), neodymium (Nd), and copper (Cu), or an alloy thereof.

[0059] On the first data metal layer (DTL1), an active layer (ACT), a first gate metal layer (GTL1), a second gate metal layer (GTL2), and a first planarization film (160) for flattening the step difference caused by the first data metal layer (DTL1) may be disposed. The first planarization film (160) may be formed from an organic film such as an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, a phenolic resin, a polyamide resin, or a polyimide resin.

[0060] A second data metal layer (DTL2) may be disposed on the first planarization film (160). The second data metal layer (DTL2) may include a second connecting electrode (CE2). The second connecting electrode (CE2) may be connected to the first connecting electrode (CE1) through a second contact hole (CT2) penetrating the first planarization film (160). The second data metal layer (DTL2) may be formed as a single layer or a multilayer composed of any one of molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), gold (Au), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), neodymium (Nd), and copper (Cu), or an alloy thereof.

[0061] A second planarization film (180) may be disposed on the second data metal layer (DTL2). The second planarization film (180) may be formed from an organic film such as an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, a phenolic resin, a polyamide resin, or a polyimide resin.

[0062] A light-emitting element layer (EML) may be disposed on the second planarization film (180). The light-emitting element layer (EML) may include a plurality of light-emitting elements (LEL) and a pixel defining film (190). Each of the plurality of light-emitting elements (LEL) may be an organic light-emitting diode element comprising a pixel electrode (171), a light-emitting layer (172), and a common electrode (173), but the embodiments of the present specification are not limited thereto.

[0063] The pixel electrode (171) can be placed on the second flattening film (180). The pixel electrode (171) can be connected to the second connecting electrode (CE2) through a third contact hole (CT3) that penetrates the second flattening film (180).

[0064] In a top emission structure that emits light in the direction of a common electrode (173) based on a light-emitting layer (172), the pixel electrode (171) can be formed of a highly reflective metallic material such as a stacked structure of aluminum and titanium (Ti / Al / Ti), a stacked structure of aluminum and ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) (ITO / Al / ITO), an APC alloy, and a stacked structure of APC alloy and ITO (ITO / APC / ITO). The APC alloy is an alloy of silver (Ag), palladium (Pd), and copper (Cu).

[0065] The pixel defining film (190) may be positioned to cover the edges of each of the pixel electrodes (171) on the second planarization film (180) to define a plurality of light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3). The pixel defining film (190) may be formed from an organic film such as an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, a phenolic resin, a polyamide resin, or a polyimide resin.

[0066] Each of the plurality of light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3) represents a region in which a pixel electrode (171), a light-emitting layer (172), and a common electrode (173) are sequentially stacked, and light is emitted by the recombination of holes from the pixel electrode (171) and electrons from the common electrode (173) in the light-emitting layer (172).

[0067] A light-emitting layer (172) may be disposed on the pixel electrode (171). The light-emitting layer (172) may include an organic material and emit a predetermined color. For example, the light-emitting layer (172) may include a hole transporting layer, an organic material layer, and an electron transporting layer.

[0068] A common electrode (173) may be disposed on a light-emitting layer (172). The common electrode (173) may be disposed to cover the light-emitting layer (172). The common electrode (173) may be a common layer formed commonly in a plurality of light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3). A capping layer may be formed on the common electrode (173).

[0069] In the upper light-emitting structure, the common electrode (173) can be formed from a transparent conductive material (TCO) such as ITO or IZO that can transmit light, or a semi-transmissive conductive material such as magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), or an alloy of magnesium (Mg) and silver (Ag). When the common electrode (173) is formed from a semi-transmissive conductive material, the light emission efficiency can be increased by the micro cavity.

[0070] A spacer (191) may be placed on the pixel definition film (190). The spacer (191) may serve to support the mask during the process of manufacturing the light-emitting layer (172). The spacer (191) may be formed from an organic film such as an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, a phenolic resin, a polyamide resin, or a polyimide resin.

[0071] A sealing film (TFE) may be disposed on the common electrode (173). The sealing film (TFE) may include at least one inorganic film to prevent oxygen or moisture from penetrating into the light-emitting element layer (EML). Additionally, the sealing film (TFE) may include at least one organic film to protect the light-emitting element layer (EML) from foreign substances such as dust. For example, the sealing film (TFE) may include a first sealing inorganic film (TFE1), a sealing organic film (TFE2), and a second sealing inorganic film (TFE3).

[0072] A first encapsulating inorganic film (TFE1) may be disposed on a common electrode (173), an encapsulating organic film (TFE2) may be disposed on the first encapsulating inorganic film (TFE1), and a second encapsulating inorganic film (TFE3) may be disposed on the encapsulating organic film (TFE2). The first encapsulating inorganic film (TFE1) and the second encapsulating inorganic film (TFE3) may be formed as a multilayer film in which one or more inorganic films selected from a silicon nitride layer, a silicon oxynitride layer, a silicon oxide layer, a titanium oxide layer, and an aluminum oxide layer are alternately stacked. The encapsulating organic film (TFE2) may be an organic film such as an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, a phenolic resin, a polyamide resin, or a polyimide resin.

[0073] As illustrated, for example, the third light-emitting region (EA3) is larger than the first light-emitting region (EA1), and the first light-emitting region (EA1) is larger than the second light-emitting region (EA2). Here, the first light-emitting region (EA1) may be a red light-emitting region, the second light-emitting region (EA2) may be a green light-emitting region, and the third light-emitting region (EA3) may be a blue light-emitting region. However, the embodiments of this specification are not limited to the relative sizes of the light-emitting regions.

[0074] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an always-on type light field display device. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a first type of light field display device in which a two-dimensional image is implemented. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a first type of light field display device in which a three-dimensional image is implemented. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a second type of light field display device in which a two-dimensional image is implemented. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a second type of light field display device in which a three-dimensional image is implemented.

[0075] As described above, the light field display device can arrange an optical element on the front of the display module so that different image information is visible to both eyes of the viewer. The light field display device can implement a two-dimensional image or a three-dimensional image.

[0076] Specific content may include not only everything existing in the real world, such as text, images, objects, and things, but also everything that does not exist in the real world but is implemented as digital data. Specific content can be collected from a first viewing angle to derive first data. Specific content can be collected from a second viewing angle to derive second data. Furthermore, if specific content is collected from an n-th viewing angle, n-th data can be derived.

[0077] A display device according to an embodiment may include a display panel having a plurality of light-emitting elements and an optical member disposed on the display panel. Light emitted from any light-emitting element disposed on the display panel may pass through the optical member and be refracted or not refracted depending on whether a 3D image is to be implemented. For example, when a 3D image is to be implemented, light emitted from any light-emitting element may be refracted at the optical member. For example, when a 2D image is to be implemented, light emitted from any light-emitting element may not be refracted at the optical member.

[0078] However, even when attempting to implement a 2D image, light emitted from any light-emitting element may be refracted, and in this case, a problem may arise where the resolution of the display device is reduced.

[0079] A viewing angle can be assigned to each of the multiple light-emitting elements by controlling the direction in which light emitted from the multiple light-emitting elements is refracted. This can be referred to as viewing angle mapping. To control the direction of light emitted from the light-emitting elements, the pitch, tilt angle, etc., of a lens (e.g., a slanted lens) included in the optical member can be controlled.

[0080] A specific viewing angle can be mapped to each of the plurality of light-emitting elements, and light emitted from the mapped light-emitting elements can propagate in the direction of the assigned viewing angle. For example, light emitted from a light-emitting element mapped to a first viewing angle propagates in the direction of the first viewing angle where the first view area is located, and light emitted from a light-emitting element mapped to a second viewing angle propagates in the direction of the second viewing angle where the second view area is located.

[0081] First data collected from specific content at a first viewing angle can be input to a light-emitting element mapped to the first viewing angle. Second data can be input to a light-emitting element mapped to the second viewing angle.

[0082] The first field of view may be positioned on one side (e.g., the left eye side) relative to the center of the user's eyes. The second field of view may be positioned on the other side (e.g., the right eye side) relative to the center of the user's eyes.

[0083] Regardless of which viewing angle is mapped, if different images are perceived by the user's left and right eyes respectively, the user may perceive that a 3D image is being displayed on the display device. If the same image is perceived by the user's left and right eyes, the user may perceive that a 2D image is being displayed on the display device. The case where the same image is perceived by the user's left and right eyes may occur when light emitted from the display panel is not refracted. However, as described above, even if light emitted from the display panel is refracted, the same image may be perceived by the user's left and right eyes, and in this case, a problem of reduced resolution of the display device may occur.

[0084] Accordingly, the user can perceive a three-dimensional image from the image implemented by inputting the first data to a light-emitting element mapped to the first viewing angle and inputting the second data to a light-emitting element mapped to the second viewing angle.

[0085] In contrast, the user can perceive a two-dimensional image from an image implemented by inputting the first data to both the light-emitting element mapped to the first viewing angle and the light-emitting element mapped to the second viewing angle. Even when a two-dimensional image is implemented, the light emitted from the light-emitting element mapped to the first viewing angle is still refracted, and the light emitted from the light-emitting element mapped to the second viewing angle is also still refracted.

[0086] Alternatively, a two-dimensional image can be realized even when light emitted from a light-emitting element is not refracted by an optical element. In this case, since not all light emitted from the light-emitting element is refracted regardless of the viewing angle mapped to the light-emitting element, the user can perceive a two-dimensional image. The resolution of the two-dimensional image realized in this way may be relatively larger than the resolution of the two-dimensional image realized when light is refracted but the same image is perceived by the user's left and right eyes.

[0087] That is, a two-dimensional image can be realized when light emitted from a light-emitting element is not refracted by an optical element, or even if it is refracted, the same data is input to both eyes of the user. In addition, the resolution may differ in each case.

[0088] A light field display device may include a switching type display device capable of determining whether to implement a 2D image or a 3D image by controlling whether light emitted from a display panel is refracted, and an always-on type display device that ensures the light emitted from the display panel is always refracted. Even in the case of an always-on type display device where the light emitted from the display panel is always refracted, a 2D image can be implemented if the same data is input regardless of the viewing angle mapped to the light-emitting element as described above. When a 2D image is implemented in an always-on type display device, a problem of resolution degradation may occur.

[0089] The switching type display device can control the linear polarization direction of light emitted from the display panel and utilize the refractive index anisotropy of the lens included in the optical lens part to determine whether to implement a two-dimensional image and a three-dimensional image.

[0090] For example, light emitted from a display panel can pass through a polarizing member placed on the upper part of the display panel and be output in a path of a first linear polarization direction.

[0091] In one embodiment, the short axis direction of the lens included in the optical lens portion may coincide with the first linear polarization direction. The long axis direction of the lens may coincide with the second linear polarization direction.

[0092] The optical lens portion may further include a filling layer disposed on a plurality of lenses. The plurality of lenses may have birefringence properties. For example, the refractive index of the lens in the minor axis direction may be equal to the refractive index of the filling layer, and the refractive index of the lens in the major axis direction may be greater than the refractive index of the filling layer. However, the embodiments of this specification are not limited thereto.

[0093] In the above case, if no voltage is applied to the lens, the short axis direction of the lens may be parallel to the path of the first linear polarization direction. When light emitted from a display panel having a path of the first linear polarization direction passes through the lens, the light can perceive a refractive index in the short axis direction that coincides with the first linear polarization direction. Since the refractive index of the lens in the short axis direction is equal to the refractive index of the filling layer, the light passing through the lens can travel in a straight line without refracting at the boundary between the lens and the filling layer. In this case, since the light does not refract, the light perceived by the user's eyes is straight-traveling light, and the user can perceive that a two-dimensional image is being realized. This mechanism can be applied to a first type of light field display device in which a two-dimensional image is realized (see FIG. 5).

[0094] In the above case, if voltage is applied to the lens, the direction of the major axis of the lens may be parallel to the path of the first linear polarization direction. When light emitted from a display panel having a path of the first linear polarization direction passes through the lens, the light can perceive a refractive index in the direction of the major axis that coincides with the first linear polarization direction. Since the refractive index of the lens in the direction of the major axis is greater than the refractive index of the filling layer, the light passing through the lens can be refracted at the interface between the lens and the filling layer. In this case, since the light is refracted, the light perceived by the user's eyes is the refracted light, and the user can perceive that a three-dimensional image is realized. This mechanism can be applied to a first type of light field display device in which a three-dimensional image is realized (see FIG. 6).

[0095] In a second type of light field display device, no voltage can be applied to the lens, and the minor axis direction and the major axis direction of the lens can be fixed to be parallel to the first linear polarization direction and the second linear polarization direction, respectively (see FIG. 7 and FIG. 8). Instead, light emitted from the display panel having a path in the first linear polarization direction can pass through a separate driving liquid crystal disposed between the driving electrodes. Light passing through the driving liquid crystal to which no voltage is applied can pass through the driving liquid crystal while maintaining a path in the first linear polarization direction (see FIG. 7). Light passing through the driving liquid crystal to which voltage is applied can pass through the driving liquid crystal while switching from a path in the first linear polarization direction to a path in the second linear polarization direction (see FIG. 8).

[0096] Since the minor axis direction and the major axis direction of the lens are parallel to the first linear polarization direction and the second linear polarization direction, respectively, when light passing through the driving liquid crystal has a path in the first linear polarization direction, the light can perceive the refractive index in the minor axis direction of the lens. When light passing through the driving liquid crystal has a path in the second linear polarization direction, the light can perceive the refractive index in the major axis direction of the lens. Since the refractive index in the minor axis direction of the lens is the same as the refractive index of the filling layer and the refractive index in the major axis direction is greater than the refractive index of the filling layer, whether refraction occurs at the interface between the lens and the filling layer can be determined according to the linear polarization direction of the light passing through the driving liquid crystal.

[0097] As described above, the switching type light field display device may include a first type of light field display device (see FIG. 5 and FIG. 6) and a second type of light field display device (see FIG. 7 and FIG. 8).

[0098] In the first type of light field display device, the direction of linear polarization of light passing through the display panel is not changed as described above. Instead, the first type of light field display device can directly change the major and minor axis directions of a lens having birefringence properties. Any changed axis direction coincides with the direction of linear polarization of light passing through the display panel, and light can pass through the interface while sensing the refractive index of any changed axis direction.

[0099] In the second type of light field display device, the linear polarization direction of light passing through the display panel can change as it passes through the driving liquid crystal. Instead, the second type of light field display device cannot directly change the major and minor axis directions of the lens having birefringence properties. Therefore, the linear polarization direction of light passing through the driving liquid crystal coincides with the fixed axis direction of the lens, and the light can pass through the interface while experiencing the refractive index of the fixed axis direction.

[0100] Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, in a second type of light field display device, the display panel may include a substrate (SUB), a thin film transistor layer (TFTL), a light-emitting element layer (EML), and a sealing film (TFE).

[0101] The substrate (SUB) may have rigidity to support a device formed on the substrate (SUB). For example, the substrate (SUB) may be a glass substrate or a plastic substrate such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

[0102] A thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) may be disposed on a substrate (SUB). The thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) can control the brightness of the display device (290). The thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) may include transistors.

[0103] A light-emitting element layer (EML) may be disposed on a thin-film transistor layer (TFTL). The light-emitting element layer (EML) may include first to third light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3). The first to third light-emitting regions (EA1, EA2, EA3) may be disposed alternately.

[0104] The encapsulation layer (TFE) can be disposed on the light-emitting element layer (EML). The encapsulation layer (TFE) may include at least one inorganic film and at least one organic film for encapsulating the light-emitting element layer.

[0105] The optical member may include an optical lens portion (230) disposed between a first base substrate (210) and a second base substrate (220). The optical lens portion (230) may include a plurality of lenses (231). The optical member may include a filler layer (240) disposed between the first base substrate (210) and the second base substrate (220). As illustrated, the filler layer (240) is disposed on the optical lens portion (230), but the embodiments of this specification are not limited thereto. For example, light passing through the display panel may pass through the filler layer (240) first and then through the optical lens portion (230). Additionally, the lenses (231) within the optical lens portion (230) are formed to be convex in a third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction), but the embodiments of this specification are not limited thereto.

[0106] As described above, since the refractive index range of the material having refractive index anisotropy within the lens (231) and the refractive index value of the filling layer (240) are adjusted and the refractive index difference is determined by the presence or absence of the refractive index difference, the vertical relationship between the optical lens part (230) and the filling layer (240), the convex direction of the lens (231), etc., are within the range that a person skilled in the art can simply design change according to the embodiment.

[0107] The first base substrate (210), the second base substrate (220), the third base substrate (260), and the fourth base substrate (270) may include a material that allows light to pass through, such as glass or plastic.

[0108] A polarization control unit (250) may be formed on the back surface of the first base substrate (210) or on the front surface of the display panel to convert and output the 2D image display light of the display panel into a path (PDY) of a first linear polarization direction or a second linear polarization direction. The polarization control unit (250) may include a first driving electrode (251), a second driving electrode (252), and a driving liquid crystal (254) disposed between the first driving electrode (251) and the second driving electrode (252). The polarization control unit (250) may further include a polarization member (257) disposed on the display panel.

[0109] The polarization control unit (250) can maintain the light incident on the first linear polarization direction path (PDX) through the polarization member (257) and pass it through the first linear polarization direction path (PDX), or switch it to the second linear polarization direction path (PDY) and pass it through.

[0110] The polarization control unit (250) may convert light incident on the path (PDX) of the first linear polarization direction through the polarization member (257) into a path of any linear polarization direction between the first linear polarization direction and the second linear polarization direction and allow it to pass.

[0111] For example, the first linear polarization direction may be parallel to the first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction), and the second linear polarization direction may be parallel to the second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction), but the embodiments of this specification are not limited thereto.

[0112] At least some components (251, 252, 254) of the polarization control unit (250) may be placed between the third base substrate (260) and the fourth base substrate (270). The remaining components (257) of the polarization control unit (250) may be placed between the display panel and the third base substrate (260).

[0113] The first driving electrode (251) may be placed between the third base substrate (260) and the fourth base substrate (270). Voltage may be applied to the first driving electrode (251).

[0114] The second driving electrode (252) may be positioned between the third base substrate (260) and the first driving electrode (251). The second driving electrode (252) may be positioned parallel to the first driving electrode (251). The shape of the second driving electrode (252) may be formed to correspond to the shape of the first driving electrode (251). Voltage may be applied to the second driving electrode (252). The driving liquid crystal (254) can control the linear polarization direction of light by the difference between the voltage applied to the first driving electrode (251) and the voltage applied to the second driving electrode (252).

[0115] A polarizing member (257) may be placed between a display panel and a third base substrate (260). Light emitted from the display panel may vibrate in all directions. The polarizing member (257) may allow only light vibrating in a specific direction among the light emitted from the display panel to pass through, and block the rest. In one embodiment, the polarizing member (257) may allow only light having a path (PDX) in the first linear polarization direction among the light emitted from the display panel to pass through, but the embodiments of this specification are not limited thereto.

[0116] The driving liquid crystal (254) may be disposed between the first driving electrode (251) and the second driving electrode (252). The driving liquid crystal (254) may include a liquid crystal that is a birefringent material. The arrangement of the driving liquid crystal (254) may change according to the difference in voltage applied to the first driving electrode (251) and the second driving electrode (252). The driving liquid crystal (254) may be a twisted nematic (TN) liquid crystal.

[0117] Referring to FIG. 7, the difference between the voltage applied to the first driving electrode (251) and the voltage applied to the second driving electrode (252) during the two-dimensional image display period may be less than or equal to a predetermined value. The driving liquid crystal (254) has a path (PDX) of the first linear polarization direction and can maintain the linear polarization direction of the incident light. The light passing through the driving liquid crystal (254) may still have a path (PDX) of the first linear polarization direction.

[0118] Referring to FIG. 8, the difference between the voltage applied to the first driving electrode (251) and the voltage applied to the second driving electrode (252) during the three-dimensional image display period may be greater than or equal to a predetermined value. The driving liquid crystal (254) has a path (PDX) in the first linear polarization direction and can change the linear polarization direction of the incident light. The light passing through the driving liquid crystal (254) may have a path (PDY) in the second linear polarization direction.

[0119] Referring again to FIGS. 7 and 8, the first base substrate (210), the second base substrate (220), and the optical lens portion (230) disposed between them (210, 220) may be disposed on the fourth base substrate (270). The optical lens portion (230) may be arranged side by side and formed in the shape of a lens sheet. The polarization control portion (250) may be disposed in a stacked and superimposed state overlapping the optical lens portion (230) formed in the shape of a lens sheet.

[0120] The optical lens portion (230) may include a plurality of lenses (231).

[0121] Light passing through a plurality of lenses (231) may have a refractive index in the direction of the major axis of the lens (231), a refractive index in the direction of the minor axis, or an infinite number of refractive indices in the direction between the major and minor axes, depending on the arrangement of birefringent materials (e.g., liquid crystal or slit) included in the plurality of lenses (231). The infinite number of refractive indices in the direction between the major and minor axes of the lens (231) may be smaller than the refractive index in the direction of the major axis and larger than the refractive index in the direction of the minor axis, but the embodiments of this specification are not limited thereto. For example, the infinite number of refractive indices in the direction between the major and minor axes of the lens (231) may be smaller than the refractive index in the direction of the minor axis and larger than the refractive index in the direction of the major axis.

[0122] In one embodiment, the major axis direction of the lens (231) may be parallel to the second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction), and the minor axis direction of the lens (231) may be parallel to the first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction). Additionally, the refractive index of the filler layer (240) disposed on the lens (231) may be equal to the refractive index in the minor axis direction of the lens (231) and may be smaller than the refractive index in the major axis direction of the lens (231), but the embodiments of this specification are not limited thereto.

[0123] Referring to FIG. 7, light passing through the driving liquid crystal (254) has a path (PDX) in the first linear polarization direction, and the first linear polarization direction may coincide with or be parallel to the first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction). Therefore, light passing through the driving liquid crystal (254) can perceive the refractive index in the short axis direction of the lens (231). Since the refractive index in the short axis direction of the lens (231) is equal to the refractive index of the filling material layer (240), light passing through the driving liquid crystal (254) can travel straight without being refracted at the boundary surface between the lens (231) and the filling material layer (240). A two-dimensional image can be realized from a second type of light field display device by the light that is not refracted.

[0124] Referring to FIG. 8, light passing through the driving liquid crystal (254) has a path (PDY) in the direction of second linear polarization, and the second linear polarization direction may coincide with or be parallel to the second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction). Accordingly, light passing through the driving liquid crystal (254) can perceive the refractive index in the direction of the major axis of the lens (231). Since the refractive index in the direction of the major axis of the lens (231) is greater than the refractive index of the filling layer (240), light passing through the driving liquid crystal (254) can be refracted at the interface between the lens (231) and the filling layer (240). A three-dimensional image can be realized from a second type of light field display device by the refracted light. The refracted light can be directed toward the first view area (V1), the second view area (V2), and the third view area (V3), respectively, according to the mapped viewing angle.

[0125] The filling layer (240) may be disposed on a plurality of lenses (231). A second base substrate (220) may be disposed on the filling layer (240).

[0126] The filler layer (240) may include a transparent material through which light can pass. For example, the filler layer (240) may include an isotropic polymer material.

[0127] The refractive index of the filling layer (240) may be the same as the short-axis refractive index of the liquid crystal contained in the plurality of lenses (231) as described above. The refractive index of the filling layer (240) may be smaller than the long-axis refractive index of the liquid crystal contained in the lenses (231). Accordingly, light passing through the plurality of lenses (231) may be refracted at the interface or may not be refracted.

[0128] Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, in a first type of light field display device, the display panel may include a substrate (SUB), a thin film transistor layer (TFTL), a light-emitting element layer (EML), and a sealing film (TFE). Components having substantially the same function as the second type of light field display device described above are given the same reference numerals, and a repetitive description thereof is omitted.

[0129] A polarizing member (257) may be disposed between a display panel and a first base substrate (210). Light emitted from the display panel may vibrate in all directions. The polarizing member (257) may allow only light vibrating in a specific direction among the light emitted from the display panel to pass through, and block the rest. In one embodiment, the polarizing member (257) may allow only light having a path (PDX) in the first linear polarization direction among the light emitted from the display panel to pass through, but the embodiments of this specification are not limited thereto.

[0130] A third driving electrode (232) may be disposed between the first base substrate (210) and the second base substrate (220), and a fourth driving electrode (233) may be disposed between the first base substrate (210) and the third driving electrode (232). An optical lens portion (230) including a lens (231) may be disposed between the third driving electrode (232) and the fourth driving electrode (233). A filling material layer (240) may be disposed on the optical lens portion (230), but as described above, the vertical relationship between them is not limited to that illustrated.

[0131] Voltage may be applied to the third driving electrode and the fourth driving electrode, and the lens (231) may include a liquid crystal which is a birefringent material. The arrangement and orientation direction of the liquid crystal within the lens (231) may change depending on the difference in voltage applied to the third driving electrode (232) and the fourth driving electrode (233).

[0132] Referring to FIG. 5, the difference between the voltage applied to the third driving electrode (232) and the voltage applied to the fourth driving electrode (233) during the two-dimensional image display period may be less than or equal to a predetermined value. Light passing through the display panel may have a path (PDX) in the first linear polarization direction. The first linear polarization direction may coincide with or be parallel to the short-axis direction of the liquid crystal in the lens (231). Light passes through while sensing the short-axis refractive index of the liquid crystal, and since the short-axis refractive index is the same as the refractive index of the filling layer (240), the light may not be refracted at the interface. A two-dimensional image can be realized from a first type of light field display device by the light that is not refracted.

[0133] Referring to FIG. 6, the difference between the voltage applied to the third driving electrode (232) and the voltage applied to the fourth driving electrode (233) during the three-dimensional image display period may be greater than a predetermined value. Light passing through the display panel may have a path (PDX) in the direction of the first linear polarization. The direction of the first linear polarization may coincide with or be parallel to the direction of the long axis of the liquid crystal within the lens (231). Light passes through while sensing the refractive index in the direction of the long axis of the liquid crystal, and since the refractive index in the direction of the long axis is greater than the refractive index of the filling layer (240), the light may be refracted at the interface. A three-dimensional image may be realized from a first type of light field display device by the refracted light. The refracted light may be directed toward the first view area (V1), the second view area (V2), and the third view area (V3), respectively, according to the mapped viewing angle.

[0134] In the above description, it was assumed that the refractive index of the filling material layer (240) is equal to the refractive index in the short axis direction of the lens (231) or the liquid crystal within the lens (231), and is smaller than the refractive index in the long axis direction. Additionally, it was assumed that the linear polarization direction is specified in the first type and second type light field display devices. Additionally, in the first type light field display device, it was assumed that a two-dimensional image is realized when no voltage is applied to the third driving electrode (232) and the fourth driving electrode (233), and a three-dimensional image is realized when voltage is applied. Additionally, in the second type light field display device, it was assumed that a two-dimensional image is realized when no voltage is applied to the first driving electrode (251) and the second driving electrode (252), and a three-dimensional image is realized when voltage is applied.

[0135] However, this is merely an example for the convenience and consistency of explanation, and variables such as the refractive index range based on the birefringence characteristics of the liquid crystal, the refractive index value of the filler layer, and the linear polarization direction of light passing through individual components may be freely and simply modified within the scope of practice by a person skilled in the art.

[0136] However, in the first type of light field display device, the long axis direction and the short axis direction of the liquid crystal in the lens (231) change directly, and in the second type of light field display device, the linear polarization direction of the light passing through the display panel can change directly.

[0137] Referring to FIG. 4, in an always-on display device, the linear polarization direction of light and the orientation direction of the liquid crystal do not change, and a three-dimensional image can always be realized. As described above, even in an always-on display device, a user can perceive a two-dimensional image from the image realized by inputting the first data to both the light-emitting element mapped to the first viewing angle and the light-emitting element mapped to the second viewing angle. The light emitted from the light-emitting element mapped to the first viewing angle is still refracted even when a two-dimensional image is realized, and the light emitted from the light-emitting element mapped to the second viewing angle is also still refracted. However, in this case, since the viewing angles are separated, the light input to either eye will drop to less than half of the total resolution of the display panel, so a problem of resolution degradation may occur. Generally, in an always-on display device, light is always refracted, so a three-dimensional image is realized.

[0138] FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a display device according to a first embodiment of the present specification. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing in detail a light-emitting region implemented from a second pixel group according to embodiments of the present specification. Components having substantially the same function as the reference numerals described above are given the same reference numerals, and a repetitive description thereof is omitted.

[0139] Referring to FIGS. 9 and 10, a display device according to the first embodiment includes a first pixel group (PXG1), a second pixel group (PXG2), and an optical lens unit (230). The second pixel group (PXG2) and the optical lens unit (230) may be placed on the first pixel group (PXG1).

[0140] The first pixel group (PXG1) may include a plurality of pixels. The first pixel group (PXG1) may include a first pixel (PX1), a second pixel (PX2), a third pixel (PX3), and a fourth pixel (PX4) arranged sequentially along a first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction). Each pixel may include a plurality of subpixels. The plurality of subpixels may include a first subpixel (SP1) that implements a first light-emitting region, a second subpixel (SP2) that implements a second light-emitting region, and a third subpixel (SP3) that implements a third light-emitting region.

[0141] A first subpixel (SP1) can implement a first color, a second subpixel (SP2) can implement a second color, and a third subpixel (SP3) can implement a third color. The first color, the second color, and the third color may be any one selected from the group consisting of red, green, and blue so as not to overlap with one another. A plurality of subpixels may further include a fourth subpixel implementing white, but the embodiments of this specification are not limited thereto.

[0142] The second pixel group (PXG2) may include a plurality of pixels disposed on the first pixel group (PXG1). The second pixel group (PXG2) may include a fifth pixel (PX5) and a sixth pixel (PX6) disposed sequentially along a first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction). The second pixel group (PXG2) may be disposed on substantially the same layer as the optical lens portion (230). For example, the optical lens portion (230) may be disposed between the plurality of pixels.

[0143] The optical lens unit (230) may include a plurality of lenses (231). For example, the optical lens unit (230) may include a first lens positioned between the fifth pixel (PX5) and the sixth pixel (PX6) and a second lens formed on one side of the sixth pixel (PX6).

[0144] In a display device according to the first embodiment of the present specification, the second pixel group (PXG2) may be included in a transparent display panel. Accordingly, the fifth pixel (PX5) and the sixth pixel (PX6) are formed on a transparent substrate (TSUB), and the thin-film transistor layer including wiring that drives the second pixel group (PXG2) may include a transparent conductive material (TCO) such as ITO or IZO that can transmit light. For example, the transmittance of the wiring disposed in the thin-film transistor layer including wiring that drives the second pixel group (PXG2) may be higher than the transmittance of the wiring disposed in the thin-film transistor layer including wiring that drives the first pixel group (PXG1). The transparent substrate (TSUB) may include the same material as the first base substrate (210).

[0145] Since a second pixel group (PXG2) is arranged between multiple lenses (231), in the second pixel group (PXG2), the fifth pixel (PX5) can overlap with the first pixel (PX1) in the thickness direction of the lens (231). The sixth pixel (PX6) can overlap with the third pixel (PX3) in the thickness direction of the lens (231). The second pixel (PX2) and the fourth pixel (PX4) can overlap with multiple lenses (231) in the thickness direction.

[0146] The display device according to the embodiment of the present specification can increase the resolution of the three-dimensional image implemented from the display device by increasing the number of pixels overlapping per unit area of ​​the lens (231).

[0147] When referring to a first type of light field display device or a second type of light field display device that implements a three-dimensional image, as the viewing angle is mapped, the user is bound to perceive a resolution lower than the resolution originally implemented in the display panel. This is because the upper part of the display panel is implemented only with a lens (231), making it difficult to arbitrarily change the area occupied by the lens (231).

[0148] According to an embodiment of the present specification, when a three-dimensional image is implemented as described below, not only light emitted from a pixel (e.g., a second pixel (PX2) or a fourth pixel (PX4)) that overlaps with the lens (231), but also light emitted from a pixel (e.g., a first pixel (PX1) or a third pixel (PX3)) that does not overlap with the lens (231) may be directed toward the lens (231). Since the amount and / or intensity of light passing through one lens (231) increases, the resolution of the three-dimensional image implemented through the lens (231) may be relatively increased.

[0149] When only multiple lenses (231) are placed on the first pixel group (PXG1), the number of lenses (231) may increase if the area occupied by the lenses (231) is arbitrarily reduced. If the number of lenses (231) increases, the number of overlapping pixels per unit area of ​​the lenses (231) decreases, and as the number of pixels for which viewing angle mapping must be considered increases, aberration problems may occur.

[0150] Accordingly, the embodiments of this specification reduce the area of ​​the lens (231) and simultaneously place a second pixel group (PXG2) between the lenses (231), and place a plurality of pixels included in the second pixel group (PXG2) on a transparent substrate (TSUB). In the first embodiment, light passing through the lens (231) and the filler layer (240) can be constantly refracted. Originally, it was difficult to implement a two-dimensional image in a display device that only implemented a three-dimensional image due to the constant refraction of light. However, in the embodiment, even though an optical lens part (230) that constantly refracts light is formed, the light emitted from the second pixel group (PXG2) can be utilized when a two-dimensional image is implemented. That is, according to the embodiment, there is an advantage that a two-dimensional image can be implemented using the light emitted from the second pixel group (PXG2) placed on top of the first pixel group (PXG1) without the need to additionally place a separate driving electrode, etc.

[0151] FIG. 11 is a first variation of FIG. 9. FIG. 12 is a second variation of FIG. 9.

[0152] Referring to FIG. 11, a second pixel group (PXG2) can be formed on a first base substrate (210). On the first base substrate (210), the second pixel group (PXG2) and an optical lens unit (230) can be alternately arranged. By forming both the second pixel group (PXG2) and the optical lens unit (230) on a single substrate, the manufacturing process can be simplified.

[0153] Referring to FIG. 12, the optical lens portion (230) may be formed between transparent substrates (TSUB). In this case, the second pixel group (PXG2) and the optical lens portion (230) are formed on the first transparent substrate (TSUB1), and the optical lens portion (230) may be placed between the first transparent substrate (TSUB1) and the second transparent substrate (TSUB2). By forming both the second pixel group (PXG2) and the optical lens portion (230) on a single substrate, the manufacturing process can be simplified.

[0154] FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a display device according to a first embodiment in which a two-dimensional image is implemented. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a display device according to a first embodiment in which a three-dimensional image is implemented.

[0155] Referring to FIGS. 13 and 14, when a two-dimensional image is implemented, light may be emitted from the second pixel group (PXG2), and when a three-dimensional image is implemented, light may be emitted from the first pixel group (PXG1).

[0156] When a two-dimensional image is implemented, the resolution of the display device may be determined by the second pixel group (PXG2). When a three-dimensional image is implemented, the resolution of the display device may be determined by the first pixel group (PXG1).

[0157] In one embodiment, light may be emitted from the first pixel group (PXG1) even when a two-dimensional image is implemented. However, since the light emitted from the first pixel group (PXG1) must always be refracted in the display device according to the first embodiment, a separate data processing process may be required for the user to perceive the two-dimensional image. For example, even if light is emitted from the first pixel group (PXG1), such light is refracted through the lens (231) and is perceived by the user's two eyes according to the viewing angle mapping. The two-dimensional image must implement different images for the user's two eyes.

[0158] In the first embodiment in which light is emitted from the first pixel group (PXG1), the input data voltage values ​​may be different in the case where a two-dimensional image is implemented and the case where a three-dimensional image is implemented.

[0159] FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a display device according to a second embodiment of the present specification.

[0160] Referring to FIG. 15, the display device according to the second embodiment may be a combination of the light field display device of the first type described above and the display device according to the first embodiment. Thus, it may be implemented as a switching type display device.

[0161] In the case of a switching type display device, as described above, the refraction of light emitted from the first pixel group (PXG1) can be controlled. Accordingly, whether a two-dimensional image and a three-dimensional image are implemented is determined.

[0162] The display device according to the second embodiment is intended to complement the display device according to the first embodiment, which is forced to rely solely on the resolution of the second pixel group (PXG2) when attempting to implement a two-dimensional image. Light emitted from the first pixel group (PXG1) passes through the lens (231), but since separate driving electrodes (232, 233) are provided, they may not be refracted.

[0163] In the case where a two-dimensional image is implemented, the resolution of the two-dimensional image can be improved by utilizing light from the first pixel group (PXG1) as well as the second pixel group (PXG2) to implement the image. When a three-dimensional image is to be implemented, light is emitted from the first pixel group (PXG1) in a manner similar to the first embodiment.

[0164] FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing a display device according to a third embodiment of the present specification.

[0165] Referring to FIG. 16, the display device according to the third embodiment may be a combination of the light field display device of the second type described above and the display device according to the first embodiment. Thus, it may be implemented as a switching type display device.

[0166] The display device according to the third embodiment is intended to complement the display device according to the first embodiment, which is forced to rely only on the resolution of the second pixel group (PXG2) when attempting to implement a two-dimensional image. Light emitted from the first pixel group (PXG1) passes through the lens (231), but since separate driving electrodes (251, 252) are arranged, they may not be refracted.

[0167] In the case where a two-dimensional image is implemented, the display device according to the third embodiment utilizes light from the first pixel group (PXG1) as well as the second pixel group (PXG2) to implement the image, thereby improving the resolution of the two-dimensional image. When a three-dimensional image is to be implemented, light is emitted from the first pixel group (PXG1) in a manner similar to the first embodiment.

[0168] FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing a display device according to the fourth embodiment of the present specification.

[0169] Referring to FIG. 17, the display device according to the fourth embodiment indicates that the number of pixels in the first pixel group (PXG1) overlapping with the lens (231) may vary. As described above, if the area of ​​the lens (231) is reduced, problems such as aberration or an increase in refractive index may occur. The fourth embodiment can solve these problems by increasing the number of pixels in the first pixel group (PXG1) overlapping with the lens (231).

[0170] FIG. 18 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to one embodiment of the present specification. FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to various embodiments of the present specification.

[0171] Referring to FIG. 18, an electronic device (10) according to one embodiment may include a display module (11), a processor (12), a memory (13), and a power module (14). The display module (11) may be the same as the display module (100) according to FIG. 1 described above.

[0172] The processor (12) may include at least one of a central processing unit (CPU), an application processor (AP), a graphic processing unit (GPU), a communication processor (CP), an image signal processor (ISP), and a controller.

[0173] The memory (15) may store data information necessary for the operation of the processor (12) or the display module (11). When the processor (12) executes an application stored in the memory (15), a video data signal and / or an input control signal is transmitted to the display module (11), and the display module (11) can process the received signal and output video information through a display screen.

[0174] The power module (14) may include a power supply module such as a power adapter or a battery device. The power module (14) may include a power conversion module. The power conversion module can convert the power supplied by the power supply module to generate power required for the operation of the electronic device (10).

[0175] At least one of each component of the electronic device (10) described above may be included in a display device according to the embodiments described above. Additionally, some of the individual modules functionally included in one module may be included in the display device, while others may be provided separately from the display device. For example, the display device may include a display module (11), and the processor (12), memory (13), and power module (14) may be provided in the form of other devices within the electronic device other than the display device.

[0176] Referring to FIG. 19, various electronic devices to which a display device according to the embodiments of the present specification is applied may include image display electronic devices such as a smartphone (10_1a), a tablet PC (10_1b), a laptop (10_1c), a TV (10_1d), and a desk monitor (10_1e). In addition, various electronic devices to which a display device according to the embodiments of the present specification is applied may include wearable electronic devices including display modules such as smart glasses (10_2a), a head-mounted display (10_2b), and a smart watch (10_2c), and automotive electronic devices (10_3) including display modules such as a CID (Center Information Display) and a room mirror display placed on the instrument panel, center fascia, and dashboard of a car.

[0177] Although embodiments of this specification have been described above with reference to the attached drawings, those skilled in the art will understand that the technical concept or essential features of this specification may be implemented in other specific forms without altering the technical spirit or essential features thereof. Therefore, the embodiments described above should be understood as illustrative in all respects and not restrictive. Explanation of the symbols

[0178] 10: Electronic devices 100: Display module 10_1a: Smartphone 10_1b: Tablet PC 10_1c: Laptop 10_1d: TV 10_1e: Desk Monitor 10_2a: Smart Glasses 10_2b: Head-mounted display 10_2c: Smartwatch 10_3: Automotive Electronic Devices 11: Display Module 110: Display panel 12: Processor 120: Display drive unit 13: Memory 130: Gate insulating film 14: Power Module 141: First interlayer insulating film 142: Second interlayer insulating film 15: Memory 160: First leveling layer 171: Pixel electrode 172: Emissive layer 173: Common electrode 180: Second leveling membrane 190: Pixel definition membrane 191: Spacer 200: Optical component 210: 1st base substrate 210, 220: Base board 220: Second base board 230: Optical lens section 231: Lens 232: Third driving electrode 232, 233: Separate driving electrodes 233: 4th driving electrode 240: Filler layer 250: Polarization control unit 251: First driving electrode 251, 252: Separate driving electrodes 251, 252, 254: At least some configuration 252: Second driving electrode 254: Operating LCD 257: Polarizing element 260: Third base board 270: 4th base board 290: Display device ACT: Active layer Ag: silver Al: Aluminum Au: Gold BF: Buffer membrane CE1: First connecting electrode CE2: Second connecting electrode CT1: First contact hole CT2: Second contact hole CT3: Third contact hole Cr: Chrome Cst: capacitor Cu: Copper DA: Display area EA1: First light-emitting zone EA1, EA2, EA3: Luminous areas EA2: Second light-emitting zone EA3: Third Luminous Zone EML: Light-emitting diode layer Field Emission Display, FED: Field Emission Display Integrated Circuit, IC: Integrated Circuit LEL: Multiple light-emitting elements Liquid Crystal Display, LCD: Liquid Crystal Display Mg: Magnesium Mo: Molybdenum NDA: Non-display area Nd: Neodymium Ni: Nickel Organic Light Emitting Display, OLED: Organic Light Emitting Display PDX: Path in the first linear polarization direction PDY: Path in the direction of secondary linear polarization PX1: 1st pixel PX2: Second pixel PX3: Third pixel PX4: The fourth pixel PX5: The Fifth Pixel PX6: 6th pixel Pd: Palladium Plasma Display Panel, PDP: Plasma Display Panel SP1: 1st subpixel SP2: 2nd subpixel SP3: 3rd subpixel SUB: Substrate TCH: Channel TCO, Transparent Conductive Material: Transparent metallic materials such as IZO TD: Second electrode TFE: Bag film TFT: Thin-film transistor TG: Gate electrode TS: First electrode Ti: Titanium V1: Each first view area V2: Second view area V3: Third View Area on: floor's "top

Claims

Claim 1 A display device comprising: a first pixel group including a first pixel, a second pixel, a third pixel, and a fourth pixel in which a plurality of light-emitting regions are defined; a second pixel group including a fifth pixel and a sixth pixel in which a plurality of light-emitting regions are defined; and an optical lens portion including a first lens and a second lens, wherein the second pixel group and the optical lens portion are disposed on the first pixel group, the fifth pixel overlaps the first pixel and the optical lens portion in the thickness direction, and the first lens overlaps the second pixel in the thickness direction. Claim 2 A display device according to claim 1, wherein the first pixel, the second pixel, the third pixel, and the fourth pixel are arranged sequentially along a first direction, and the fifth pixel, the first lens, the sixth pixel, and the second lens are arranged sequentially along the first direction. Claim 3 A display device according to claim 2, wherein the sixth pixel overlaps with the third pixel in the thickness direction, and the second lens overlaps with the fourth pixel in the thickness direction. Claim 4 A display device according to claim 1, wherein the optical lens portion is disposed on a first base substrate and the second pixel group is disposed on a transparent substrate. Claim 5 In claim 4, the optical lens portion is disposed between the first base substrate and the second base substrate disposed on the first base substrate, a display device. Claim 6 A display device according to claim 5, further comprising a filler layer disposed between the first base substrate and the second base substrate. Claim 7 In claim 4, the display device wherein the first base substrate comprises the same material as the transparent substrate. Claim 8 A display device according to claim 1, wherein the transmittance of the wiring driving the second pixel group is higher than the transmittance of the wiring driving the first pixel group. Claim 9 A display device according to claim 1, wherein the first pixel group emits light when a three-dimensional image is realized, and the second pixel group emits light when a two-dimensional image is realized. Claim 10 A display device according to claim 1, further comprising a polarization control unit disposed between the first pixel group and the optical lens unit. Claim 11 In claim 10, the polarization control unit comprises a third base substrate, a fourth base substrate disposed on the third base substrate, and a driving liquid crystal disposed between the third base substrate and the fourth base substrate, a display device. Claim 12 A display device according to claim 10, wherein the first pixel group emits light when a two-dimensional image and a three-dimensional image are realized, and the second pixel group emits light when a two-dimensional image is realized. Claim 13 A display device according to claim 11, wherein the polarization control unit further comprises a first driving electrode disposed between the driving liquid crystal and the fourth base substrate, and a second driving electrode disposed between the driving liquid crystal and the third base substrate. Claim 14 A display device according to claim 1, further comprising a fourth driving electrode and a third driving electrode disposed on the fourth driving electrode, wherein the optical lens portion is disposed between the fourth driving electrode and the third driving electrode. Claim 15 A display device according to claim 14, wherein the first pixel group emits light when a two-dimensional image and a three-dimensional image are realized, and the second pixel group emits light when a two-dimensional image is realized. Claim 16 An electronic device comprising: a processor that provides a video signal; a display module that receives a video signal from the processor and displays a video; and a power module that supplies power to the display module, wherein the display module comprises: a first pixel group including a first pixel, a second pixel, a third pixel, and a fourth pixel in which a plurality of light-emitting regions are defined; a second pixel group including a fifth pixel and a sixth pixel in which a plurality of light-emitting regions are defined; and an optical lens unit including a first lens and a second lens, wherein the second pixel group and the optical lens unit are disposed on the first pixel group, the fifth pixel overlaps the first pixel and the optical lens unit in the thickness direction, and the first lens overlaps the second pixel in the thickness direction. Claim 17 An electronic device according to claim 16, wherein the optical lens portion is disposed on a first base substrate and the second pixel group is disposed on a transparent substrate. Claim 18 An electronic device according to claim 16, wherein the transmittance of the wiring driving the second pixel group is higher than the transmittance of the wiring driving the first pixel group. Claim 19 An electronic device according to claim 16, wherein the first pixel group emits light when a three-dimensional image is realized, and the second pixel group emits light when a two-dimensional image is realized. Claim 20 An electronic device according to claim 16, further comprising a polarization control unit disposed between the first pixel group and the optical lens unit.

Images