Light emitting device and apparatus including the same

Abstract

A light-emitting element and a device including the same are disclosed.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] This relates to a light-emitting element and a device including the same. Background Technology

[0002] A light-emitting device is a device characterized by the conversion of electrical energy into light energy. Examples of such light-emitting devices include organic light-emitting devices that use organic materials in the light-emitting layer, and quantum dot light-emitting devices that use quantum dots in the light-emitting layer.

[0003] The light-emitting device may have a structure in which a first electrode is disposed on a substrate, and a hole transport region, a light-emitting layer, an electron transport region, and a second electrode are sequentially formed on the first electrode. Holes injected from the first electrode move to the light-emitting layer via the hole transport region, and electrons injected from the second electrode move to the light-emitting layer via the electron transport region. Carriers such as holes and electrons recombine in the light-emitting layer region to generate excitons. Light is generated as these excitons change from an excited state to a ground state. The problem to be solved

[0004] The invention provides a tandem light-emitting device and a device including the same, in which the balance of holes and electrons is optimized to have a low driving voltage and excellent efficiency and lifespan characteristics. means of solving the problem

[0005] According to one aspect, the first electrode,

[0006] A second electrode facing the first electrode, and

[0007] It includes an organic layer interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and

[0008] The above organic layer comprises m light-emitting units and (m-1) charge-generating units interposed between adjacent light-emitting units, and

[0009] m is a natural number greater than or equal to 2, and

[0010] At least one of the above (m-1) charge generation unit(s) comprises an n-type charge generation layer, a p-type charge generation layer, and a p-type hole injection layer, and

[0011] The above n-type charge generating layer comprises an n-type organic compound and a metal material, and

[0012] A light-emitting device comprising an inorganic semiconductor material is provided, wherein the p-type charge generation layer and the p-type hole injection layer are each independently thereof.

[0013] According to another aspect, a device is provided comprising: a thin film transistor including a source electrode, a drain electrode, and an active layer; and a light-emitting element as described above, wherein a first electrode of the light-emitting element and one of the source electrode and the drain electrode of the thin film transistor are electrically connected to each other. Effects of the invention

[0014] The above-mentioned light-emitting device has a structure in which a charge generation unit includes an n-type charge generation layer, a p-type charge generation layer, and a p-type hole injection layer, and the balance of holes and electrons is optimized, resulting in a low driving voltage and excellent efficiency and lifespan characteristics. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0015] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a light-emitting element according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the charge generation unit of FIG. 1 in more detail. FIGS. 3 and 4 are cross-sectional views schematically illustrating a light-emitting element according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0016] The present invention is capable of various modifications and may have various embodiments; specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the detailed description. The effects and features of the present invention, and the methods for achieving them, will become clear by referring to the embodiments described below in detail together with the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below but can be implemented in various forms.

[0017] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. When describing with reference to the drawings, identical or corresponding components are given the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions thereof will be omitted.

[0018] In the following embodiments, terms such as first, second, etc. are used not in a limiting sense, but for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another component.

[0019] In the following examples, singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0020] In the following embodiments, terms such as "include" or "have" mean that the features or components described in the specification are present, and do not preclude the possibility that one or more other features or components may be added.

[0021] In the following embodiments, when a part such as a film, region, or component is described as being on or above another part, it includes not only cases where it is directly on top of another part, but also cases where another film, region, or component is interposed in between.

[0022] In the drawings, the size of components may be exaggerated or reduced for convenience of explanation. For example, the size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are depicted arbitrarily for convenience of explanation, so the present invention is not necessarily limited to what is illustrated.

[0023] In the following embodiments, when it is stated that a membrane, region, component, etc. is connected, it includes not only cases where the membrane, region, or component is directly connected, but also cases where other membranes, regions, or components are interposed between them to form an indirect connection. For example, when it is stated in this specification that a membrane, region, component, etc. is electrically connected, it includes not only cases where the membrane, region, or component, etc. are directly electrically connected, but also cases where other membranes, regions, or components are interposed between them to form an indirect electrical connection.

[0024] In this specification, the phrase “(the organic layer) comprises a compound represented by Formula 1” may be interpreted as “(the organic layer) may comprise one compound belonging to the category of Formula 1 or two or more different compounds belonging to the category of Formula 1.”

[0025] In this specification, "Group" refers to a group on the IUPAC periodic table of elements.

[0026] In this specification, "alkali metal" means a Group 1 element. Specifically, the alkali metal may be lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), or cesium (Cs).

[0027] In this specification, "alkaline earth metal" means a Group 2 element. Specifically, the alkaline earth metal may be magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), or barium (Ba).

[0028] In this specification, "lanthanide metal" means lanthanum and lanthanide elements on the periodic table. Specifically, lanthanide metal may be lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), or ruthenium (Lu).

[0029] In this specification, "transition metal" means an element belonging to periods 4 through 7 and to groups 3 through 12. Specifically, the transition metal may be titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), manganese (Mn), technetium (Tc), rhenium (Re), iron (Fe), ruthenium (Ru), osmium (Os), cobalt (Co), rhodium (Rh), iridium (Ir), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), gold (Au), zinc (Zn), or cadmium (Cd).

[0030] In this specification, "post-transition metal" means a metallic element belonging to periods 4 through 7 and to groups 13 through 17. Specifically, the post-transition metal may be aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), thallium (Tl), tin (Sn), lead (Pb), bismuth (Bi), or polonium (Po).

[0031] In this specification, "halogen" means a group 17 element. Specifically, the halogen may be fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), or iodine (I).

[0032] In this specification, "inorganic semiconductor material" refers to any compound that is inorganic and has a band gap of less than 4 eV. Specifically, the inorganic semiconductor material may include halides of lanthanide metals, halides of transition metals, halides of post-transition metals, bismuth, tellurium, tellurides of lanthanide metals, tellurides of transition metals, tellurides of post-transition metals, sulfides of lanthanide metals, sulfides of transition metals, sulfides of post-transition metals, selenides of lanthanide metals, selenides of transition metals, selenides of post-transition metals, or any combination thereof. More specifically, the inorganic semiconductor material may include EuI2, YbI2, SmI2, TmI2, AgI, CuI, NiI2, CoI2, BiF3, BiCl3, BiBr3, BiI3, PbI2, SnI2, Bi, Te, EuTe, YbTe, SmTe, TmTe, EuSe, YbSe, SmSe, TmSe, ZnTe, CoTe, Bi2S3, Bi2Se3, ZnSe, CoSe, Bi2Te3, Bi2Se3, or any combination thereof.

[0033] In this specification, "inorganic insulating material" means any compound that is inorganic and has a band gap of 4 eV or more. Specifically, inorganic insulating materials may include halides of alkali metals, halides of alkaline earth metals, halides of lanthanide metals, or any combination thereof. More specifically, the inorganic insulating material may include NaI, KI, RbI, CsI, NaCl, KCl, RbCl, CsCl, NaF, KF, RbF, CsF, MgI2, CaI2, SrI2, BaI2, MgCl2, CaCl2, SrCl2, BaCl2, MgF2, CaF2, SrF2, BaF2, EuI3, YbI3, SmI3, TmI3, EuCl3, YbCl3, SmCl3, TmCl3, EuF3, YbF3, SmF3, TmF3, or any combination thereof.

[0034] In this specification, "halogenates of alkali metals" means compounds in which an alkali metal and a halogen are ionically bonded. Specifically, alkali metal halides may include NaI, KI, RbI, CsI, NaCl, KCl, RbCl, CsCl, NaF, KF, RbF, CsF, or any combination thereof.

[0035] In this specification, "halogenates of alkaline earth metals" refers to compounds in which an alkaline earth metal and a halogen are ionically bonded. Specifically, halogenates of alkaline earth metals may include MgI2, CaI2, SrI2, BaI2, MgCl2, CaCl2, SrCl2, BaCl2, MgF2, CaF2, SrF2, BaF2, or any combination thereof.

[0036] In this specification, "halogenates of lanthanide metals" means compounds in which a lanthanide metal and a halogen are ionically and / or covalently bonded. Specifically, halogenates of lanthanide metals may include EuI2, YbI2, SmI2, TmI2, EuI3, YbI3, SmI3, TmI3, EuCl3, YbCl3, SmCl3, TmCl3, EuF3, YbF3, SmF3, TmF3, or any combination thereof.

[0037] In this specification, "halides of transition metals" means compounds in which a transition metal and a halogen are ionicly and / or covalently bonded. Specifically, halides of transition metals may include AgI, CuI, NiI2, CoI2, or any combination thereof.

[0038] In this specification, "halides of post-transition metals" means compounds in which a post-transition metal and a halogen are ionicly and / or covalently bonded. Specifically, halides of post-transition metals may include BiI3, PbI2, SnI2, or any combination thereof.

[0039] In this specification, "tellurides of lanthanide metals" means compounds in which lanthanide metals and tellurium (Te) are ionically, covalently, and / or metallically bonded. Specifically, tellurides of lanthanide metals may include EuTe, YbTe, SmTe, TmTe, or any combination thereof.

[0040] In this specification, "tellurides of transition metals" means compounds in which a transition metal and tellurium are ionicly, covalently, and / or metallically bonded. Specifically, tellurides of transition metals may include ZnTe, CoTe, or any combination thereof.

[0041] In this specification, "tellurides of post-transition metals" refers to compounds in which a post-transition metal and tellurium are ionicly, covalently, and / or metallically bonded. Specifically, tellurides of post-transition metals may include Bi2Te3.

[0042] In this specification, "sulfide of a lanthanide metal" means a compound in which a lanthanide metal and sulfur (S) are ionically, covalently, and / or metallically bonded. Specifically, sulfides of lanthanide metals may include EuS, YbS, SmS, TmS, or any combination thereof.

[0043] In this specification, "sulfide of a transition metal" means a compound in which a transition metal and sulfur are ionicly, covalently, and / or metallically bonded. Specifically, sulfides of transition metals may include ZnS, CoS, or any combination thereof.

[0044] In this specification, "sulfide of a post-transition metal" refers to a compound in which sulfur is ionicly, covalently, and / or metallically bonded to a post-transition metal. Specifically, sulfides of post-transition metals may include Bi2S3.

[0045] In this specification, "selenide of a lanthanide metal" means a compound in which a lanthanide metal and selenium (Se) are ionically, covalently, and / or metallically bonded. Specifically, a selenide of a lanthanide metal may include EuSe, YbSe, SmSe, TmSe, or any combination thereof.

[0046] In this specification, "selenide of a transition metal" means a compound in which a transition metal and selenium are ionicly, covalently, and / or metallically bonded. Specifically, a selenide of a transition metal may include ZnSe, CoSe, or any combination thereof.

[0047] In this specification, "selenide of a post-transition metal" refers to a compound in which a post-transition metal and selenium are ionically, covalently, and / or metallically bonded. Specifically, a selenide of a post-transition metal may include Bi2Se3.

[0048] A light-emitting element according to one embodiment comprises a first electrode, a second electrode opposite to the first electrode, and an organic layer interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode.

[0049] The organic layer comprises m light-emitting units and (m-1) charge-generating units interposed between adjacent light-emitting units, where m is a natural number greater than or equal to 2, and

[0050] At least one of the above (m-1) charge generation unit(s) comprises an n-type charge generation layer, a p-type charge generation layer, and a p-type hole injection layer, and

[0051] The above n-type charge generating layer comprises an n-type organic compound and a metal material, and

[0052] The above p-type charge generation layer and p-type hole injection layer each independently comprise an inorganic semiconductor material.

[0053] The light-emitting device comprises a p-type charge generation layer and a p-type hole injection layer included in a hole transport unit, each independently comprising an inorganic semiconductor material. Accordingly, the light-emitting device facilitates charge generation and movement at the interface of the charge generation unit, and also prevents degradation of the interface between each layer, thereby preventing an increase in driving voltage and providing improved lifespan and / or brightness.

[0054] [Explanation of Fig. 1]

[0055] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a light-emitting element according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] Referring to FIG. 1, a light-emitting element (1) according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a first electrode (110); a second electrode (190) facing the first electrode; m light-emitting units (ELU(1), ELU(m)) interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; and (m-1) charge-generating units (CGU(m-1)) interposed between adjacent light-emitting units; wherein m is a natural number greater than or equal to 2; each of the light-emitting units comprises a light-emitting layer, and at least one of the charge-generating units may comprise an n-type charge-generating layer and a p-type charge-generating layer.

[0057] Hereinafter, a light-emitting element (1) according to an embodiment of the present invention is described as follows with reference to FIG. 1.

[0058] [First Electrode]

[0059] A substrate may be additionally disposed on the lower part of the first electrode (110) of FIG. 1 or on the upper part of the second electrode (190). As the substrate, a glass substrate or a plastic substrate having excellent mechanical strength, thermal stability, transparency, surface smoothness, ease of handling, and water resistance may be used.

[0060] The first electrode (110) can be formed, for example, by providing a material for the first electrode on a substrate using a deposition method or a sputtering method. When the first electrode (110) is an anode, the material for the first electrode can be selected from materials having a high work function so that hole injection is easy.

[0061] The first electrode (110) may be a reflective electrode, a semi-transparent electrode, or a transparent electrode. To form the first electrode (110) which is a transparent electrode, the material for the first electrode may be selected from indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), tin oxide (SnO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), and any combination thereof, but is not limited thereto. Alternatively, to form the first electrode (110) which is a semi-transparent electrode or a reflective electrode, the material for the first electrode may be selected from magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), and any combination thereof, but is not limited thereto.

[0062] The first electrode (110) may have a single-layer structure or a multilayer structure having multiple layers. For example, the first electrode (110) may have a three-layer structure of ITO / Ag / ITO, but is not limited thereto.

[0063] [Charge Generation Unit]

[0064] The light-emitting element comprises (m-1) charge-generating units interposed between adjacent light-emitting units among the m light-emitting units.

[0065] Specifically, a (m-1) charge generation unit is included between the (m-1) light-emitting unit and the (m-1) light-emitting unit.

[0066] For example, when m is 2, a first electrode, a first light-emitting unit, a first charge-generating unit, and a second light-emitting unit may be arranged in order.

[0067] As another example, when m is 3, a first electrode, a first light-emitting unit, a first charge-generating unit, a second light-emitting unit, a second charge-generating unit, and a third light-emitting unit may be arranged in order.

[0068] As another example, when m is 4, a first electrode, a first light-emitting unit, a first charge-generating unit, a second light-emitting unit, a second charge-generating unit, a third light-emitting unit, a third charge-generating unit, and a fourth light-emitting unit may be arranged in order.

[0069] At least one of the above charge generation unit(s) includes an n-type charge generation layer, a p-type charge generation layer, and a p-type hole injection layer.

[0070] In one embodiment, among the (m-1) charge generating units, the charge generating unit closest to the first electrode (m-1)th may be referred to as the (m-1)th charge generating unit.

[0071] Referring to FIG. 2, the (m-1) charge generation unit (CGU(m-1)) includes the (m-1) n-type charge generation layer (nCGL(m-1)), the (m-1) p-type charge generation layer (pCGL(m-1)), and the (m-1) p-type hole injection layer (pHIL(m-1)).

[0072] Among the above (m-1) charge generation unit (CGU(m-1)), the (m-1) n-type charge generation layer (nCGL(m-1)), the (m-1) p-type charge generation layer (pCGL(m-1)), and the (m-1) p-type hole injection layer (pHIL(m-1)) can be stacked in order.

[0073] According to one embodiment, the (m-1) p-type charge generation layer (pCGL(m-1)) can be in direct contact with the (m-1) n-type charge transport layer (nCGL(m-1)) and the (m-1) p-type hole injection layer (pHIL(m-1)).

[0074] Descriptions of each component included in the (m-1) charge generating unit in this specification may refer to descriptions of components not limited to the "(m-1)" unless otherwise specified. For example, descriptions of the "(m-1) n-type charge generating layer" may refer to the general description of the "n-type charge generating layer" in this specification unless otherwise specified.

[0075] [n-type charge generation layer]

[0076] The above n-type charge generating layer may include an n-type organic compound and a metal material.

[0077] According to one embodiment, the n-type organic compound may be a phenanthrene-based compound or a phosphine oxide-based compound.

[0078] According to one embodiment, the n-type organic compound may be selected from the following compounds N1, N2, N3 and similar phenanthroline compounds:

[0079]

[0080] According to another embodiment, the description of the n-type organic compound may be referenced to the description of the electron-transporting organic compound in this specification.

[0081] The above metal material may include one or more selected from alkali metals, alloys of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, alloys of alkaline earth metals, lanthanide metals, and alloys of lanthanide metals.

[0082] For example, the metal material may include at least one selected from lithium (Li), sodium (Na), Bi-Li alloy, or Bi-Na alloy, ytterbium (Yb), samarium (Sm), urobium (Eu), terbium (Tb), holmium (Ho), and dysprosium (Dy).

[0083] According to one embodiment, the binding energy between the n-type organic compound and the metal material included in the n-type charge generating layer may be 1.2 eV or more, for example, 1.25 eV or more. For example, the binding energy between the n-type organic compound and the metal material may be 1.25 eV or more and 5 eV or less.

[0084] According to one embodiment, the volume ratio of the n-type organic compound and the metal material included in the n-type charge generating layer may be 99.9:0.1 to 80:20.

[0085] The above binding energy value can be obtained by simulating, for example, using Gaussian 0.9 B0.1.

[0086] By configuring the binding energy between the n-type organic compound and the metal material in the n-type charge generation layer to be high, the flow of charge of the light-emitting device is smooth, and the phenomenon of the driving voltage rising over time can be prevented.

[0087] According to one embodiment, the metal material may be an alkali metal or an alloy of an alkali metal, and the n-type charge generating layer may further include bismuth (Bi).

[0088] For example, the metal material may be an alloy of alkali metal and bismuth (Bi).

[0089] For example, the metal material may be lithium (Li), sodium (Na), a Bi-Li alloy, or a Bi-Na alloy.

[0090] When the above n-type charge generation layer is configured to include an alkali metal, the alkali metal is easily oxidized during the process, which increases the melting point and consequently raises the process temperature. In this regard, as described above, by using an alloy of an alkali metal and bismuth as the metal material, the n-type charge generation layer can be stably formed, and since the melting point is lowered, there is an advantage in terms of process.

[0091] As another example, the metal material may be ytterbium (Yb), samarium (Sm), urobium (Eu), terbium (Tb), holmium (Ho), or dysprosium (Dy).

[0092] The thickness of the n-type charge generating layer may be 0.1 nm to 20 nm.

[0093] Additionally, the n-type charge generation layer may come into direct contact with the electron transport region of an adjacent light-emitting unit. Specifically, the (m-1) n-type charge generation layer (nCGL(m-1)) included in the (m-1) charge generation unit (CGU(m-1)) may come into direct contact with the electron injection layer or electron transport layer included in the (m-1) light-emitting unit (ELU(m-1)).

[0094] [p-type charge generation layer and p-type hole injection layer]

[0095] The above p-type charge generation layer and the above p-type hole injection layer may each independently include an inorganic semiconductor material.

[0096] According to one embodiment, the inorganic semiconductor material may include a transition metal halide, a post-transition metal halide, bismuth, tellurium, a transition metal telluride, a post-transition metal telluride, a transition metal sulfide, a post-transition metal sulfide, a transition metal selenide, a post-transition metal selenide, or any combination thereof.

[0097] A light-emitting device according to one embodiment comprises a charge generation unit including a p-type charge generation layer and a p-type hole injection layer, wherein the p-type charge generation layer and the p-type hole injection layer each independently include an inorganic semiconductor material. Accordingly, the p-type hole injection layer can serve to control the energy level of the interface between the charge generation unit and the light-emitting unit so that charge generation and transfer from the p-type charge generation layer to an adjacent light-emitting unit can be smooth, and furthermore, degradation of the material at the interface can be prevented, thereby preventing an increase in the driving voltage. Accordingly, the light-emitting device can provide an improved lifespan and / or brightness.

[0098] For example, the above inorganic semiconductor material may include Bi, Te, AgI, CuI, NiI2, CoI2, PbI2, SnI2, AlI3, GaI3, InI3, TiI3, BiF3, BiCl3, BiBr3, BiI3, Bi2S3, Bi2Se3, Bi2Te3, or a combination thereof.

[0099] According to one embodiment, the inorganic semiconductor material included in the p-type charge generation layer and the inorganic semiconductor material included in the p-type hole injection layer may be identical to each other.

[0100] Alternatively, according to one embodiment, the inorganic semiconductor material included in the p-type charge generation layer and the inorganic semiconductor material included in the p-type hole injection layer may be different from each other.

[0101] According to one embodiment, the p-type charge generating layer may include a post-transition metal, tellurium, a post-transition metal halide, a post-transition metal sulfide, a post-transition metal selenide, a post-transition metal telluride, or a combination thereof as an inorganic semiconductor material.

[0102] In addition, according to one embodiment, the p-type charge generating layer may include bismuth, tellurium, bismuth halides, bismuth sulfides, bismuth selenides, bismuth tellurides, or a combination thereof as an inorganic semiconductor material.

[0103] For example, the p-type charge generating layer may include Bi, Te, BiF3, BiCl3, BiBr3, BiI3, Bi2S3, Bi2Se3, Bi2Te3, or a combination thereof.

[0104] According to one embodiment, the p-type hole injection layer may include a transition metal halide, for example, a transition metal iodide, as an inorganic semiconductor material.

[0105] For example, the p-type hole injection layer may include CuI.

[0106] According to one embodiment, the p-type charge generating layer and the p-type hole injection layer may each independently further comprise a hole-transporting organic compound. For a description of the hole-transporting organic compound, refer to the description provided herein.

[0107] The hole-transporting organic compound included in the p-type charge generation layer and the hole-transporting organic compound included in the p-type hole injection layer may be the same. Alternatively, the hole-transporting organic compound included in the p-type charge generation layer and the hole-transporting organic compound included in the p-type hole injection layer may be different.

[0108] According to one embodiment, the volume of the hole transport compound among the p-type charge generation layer and the p-type hole injection layer may be greater than or equal to the volume of the inorganic semiconductor material.

[0109] According to one embodiment, the volume ratio of the inorganic semiconductor material to the hole transport compound in the p-type charge generating layer may be 99:1 to 80:20.

[0110] According to one embodiment, the volume ratio of the inorganic semiconductor material to the hole transport compound in the p-type hole injection layer may be 99.9:0.1 to 70:30, for example, 99:1 to 80:20.

[0111] The volume ratio of the hole-transporting compound and the inorganic semiconductor material can be determined according to the deposition rate of each material during the fabrication of the light-emitting device. Additionally, the volume ratio of the hole-transporting compound and the inorganic semiconductor material within the light-emitting device can be determined by measuring the mass of each material and calculating it therefrom.

[0112] The thickness of the p-type charge generation layer and the p-type hole injection layer may be 0.1 nm to 20 nm.

[0113] [Light-emitting unit]

[0114] m light-emitting units are arranged on the upper part of the first electrode (110).

[0115] In one embodiment, among the m light-emitting units, the light-emitting unit closest to the first electrode may be referred to as the m-th light-emitting unit (ELU(m)).

[0116] Referring to FIG. 3, among the m light-emitting units, the light-emitting unit closest to the first electrode is designated as the first light-emitting unit (ELU(1)), and the light-emitting unit furthest from the first electrode is designated as the m-th light-emitting unit (ELU(m)), and the first light-emitting unit (ELU(1)) to the m-th light-emitting unit (ELU(m)) are arranged in order. That is, a (m-1)-th light-emitting unit (CGU(m-1)) is interposed between the first electrode (ELU(1)) and the m-th light-emitting unit (ELU(m)).

[0117] Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, a light-emitting element according to one embodiment includes, among the m light-emitting units, the m-th light-emitting unit closest to the first electrode, which includes an m-th hole transport region (HT(m)), a m-th light-emitting layer (EML(m)), and a m-th electron transport region (ET(m)).

[0118] Unless otherwise specified, the description of each component included in the m-th light-emitting unit in this specification may refer to the description of the component not limited to "m." For example, unless otherwise specified, the description of the "m-th light-emitting layer" may refer to the general description of the "light-emitting layer" in this specification.

[0119] The hole transport region each comprises a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, or any combination thereof, and the electron transport region may each comprise a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof.

[0120] Referring to FIG. 4, according to one embodiment, the first electrode (110) is an anode and the second electrode (190) is a cathode, and

[0121] The m-th light-emitting unit (ELU(m)) interposed between the first electrode (110) and the second electrode (190); the (m-1)-th light-emitting unit (ELU(m-1)) interposed between the first electrode and the m-th light-emitting unit (ELU(m)); and the (m-1)-th charge-generating unit (CGU(m-1)) interposed between the m-th light-emitting unit (ELU(m)) and the (m-1)-th light-emitting unit (ELU(m-1)); comprising;

[0122] The above m-th light-emitting unit (ELU(m)) includes the m-th light-emitting layer (EML(m)), and the above (m-1)-th light-emitting unit (ELU(m-1)) includes the (m-1)-th light-emitting layer (EML(m-1)).

[0123] The above (m-1) light-emitting unit (ELU(m-1)) further comprises: a (m-1) hole transport region (HT(m-1)) interposed between the first electrode (110) and the (m-1) light-emitting layer (EML(m-1)); and a (m-1) electron transport region (ET(m-1)) interposed between the (m) light-emitting layer (EML(m)) and the (m-1) charge-generating unit (CGU(m-1)).

[0124] The m-th light-emitting unit (ELU(m)) further comprises: a m-th hole transport region (HT(m)) interposed between the m-th charge generation unit (CGU(m-1)) and the m-th light-emitting layer (EML(m)); and a m-th electron transport region (ET(m)) interposed between the m-th light-emitting layer (EML(m)) and the second electrode (190).

[0125] The plurality of hole transport regions (HT(m-1), HT(m)) each include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, or any combination thereof, and the plurality of electron transport regions (ET(m-1), ET(m)) each include a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof.

[0126] [Precision Transport Area]

[0127] The light-emitting element may include a hole transport region that is in direct contact with the first electrode or the charge generation unit. The hole transport region may include a hole-transporting organic compound.

[0128] In this specification, "hole-transporting organic compounds" refers to all organic materials having hole-transporting properties.

[0129] Specifically, the hole-transporting organic compounds are m-MTDATA, TDATA, 2-TNATA, NPB(NPD), β-NPB, TPD, Spiro-TPD, Spiro-NPB, methylated NPB, TAPC, HMTPD, TCTA (4,4',4"-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine), PANI / DBSA (Polyaniline / Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid), PEDOT / PSS (Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) / Poly(4-styrenesulfonate), PANI / CSA (Polyaniline / Camphorsulfonic acid), PANI / PSS (Polyaniline / Poly(4-styrenesulfonate)), may include at least one selected from a compound represented by the following chemical formula 201 and a compound represented by the following chemical formula 202:

[0130]

[0131]

[0132] <Chemical Formula 201>

[0133]

[0134] <Chemical Formula 202>

[0135]

[0136] Among the above chemical formulas 201 and 202,

[0137] L 201 to L 204 are independently substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C10 Cycloalkenylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryllene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Selected from a heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, and

[0138] L 205 neun, *-O-*', *-S-*', *-N(Q 201 )-*', substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 20 Alkylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 20 alkenylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryllene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Selected from a heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, and

[0139] xa1 to xa4 are independently selected from integers 0 to 3, and

[0140] xa5 is selected from integers 1 to 10, and

[0141] R 201 to R 204 and Q 201 C3-C independently of each other, substituted or unsubstituted 10 Cycloalkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10Heterocycloalkenyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 It may be selected from heteroaryl groups, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups and substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic groups.

[0142] For example, R in the above chemical formula 202 201 and R 202 They can optionally be connected to each other via a single bond, a dimethyl-methylene group, or a diphenyl-methylene group, and R 203 and R 204 They can optionally be connected to each other through single bonds, dimethyl-methylene groups, or diphenyl-methylene groups.

[0143] According to one embodiment, among the formulas 201 and 202,

[0144] L 201 to L 205 are independently of each other,

[0145] Phenylene group, pentalenylene group, indenylene group, naphthylene group, azulenylene group, hepthalenylene group, indacenylene group, acenaphthylene group, fluorenylene group, spiro-bifluorenylene group, benzofluorenylene group, dibenzofluorenylene group, phenalenylene group, phenanthrenylene group, anthracenylene group, fluoranthenylene group, triphenylenylene group, pyrenylene group, chrysenylene group, naphthacenylene group, fisenylene group, perylenylene group, pentaphenylene group, hexacenylene group, penthacenylene group, rubisenylene group, coronenylene group, ovalenylene group, thiophenylene group, furanylene group, carbazolylene group, indolylene group, isoindolelene group, Benzofuranilene group, benzothiophenylene group, dibenzofuranilene group, dibenzothiophenylene group, benzocarbazoylene group, dibenzocarbazoylene group, dibenzosylrolylene group and pyridinylene group; and

[0146] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amido group, hydrazino group, hydrazono group, C1-C 20 Alkyl group, C1-C 20 Alkoxy group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, cycloheptyl group, cyclopentenyl group, cyclohexenyl group, phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, C1-C 10 Phenyl group substituted with an alkyl group, phenyl group substituted with -F, pentalenyl group, indenyl group, naphthyl group, azulenyl group, hepthalenyl group, indacenyl group, acenaphthyl group, fluorenyl group, spiro-bifluorenyl group, benzofluorenyl group, dibenzofluorenyl group, phenalenyl group, phenanthrenyl group, anthracenyl group, fluoranthenyl group, triphenylenyl group, pyrenyl group, chrysenyl group, naphthacenyl group, fisenyl group, perylenyl group, pentaphenyl group, hexacenyl group, penthacenyl group, rubisenyl group, coronenyl group, ovalenyl group, thiophenyl group, furanyl group, carbazoleyl group, indoleyl group, isoindoleyl group, benzofuranyl group, benzothiophenyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, Dibenzothiophenyl group, benzocarbazole group, dibenzocarbazole group, dibenzosilolyl group, pyridinyl group, -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ) and -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 Substituted with at least one selected from ), phenylene group, pentalenylene group, indenylene group, naphthylene group, azulenylene group, hepthalenylene group, indacenylene group, acenaphthylene group, fluorenylene group, spiro-bifluorenylene group, benzofluorenylene group, dibenzofluorenylene group, phenalenylene group, phenanthrenylene group, anthracenylene group, fluoranthenylene group, triphenylenylene group, pyrenylene group, chrysenylene group, naphthacenylene group, pisenylene group, perylenylene group, pentaphenylene group, hexacenylene group, penthacenylene group, rubisenylene group, coronenylene group, ovalenylene group, thiophenylene group, furanylene group, carbazoylene group, indolylene group, Isoindoleylene group, benzofuranylene group, benzothiophenylene group, dibenzofuranylene group, dibenzothiophenylene group, benzocarbazoylene group, dibenzocarbazoylene group, dibenzosylrolylene group and pyridinylene group;

[0147] Selected from among,

[0148] Above Q 31 to Q 33 are independently of each other, C1-C 10 Alkyl group, C1-C 10 It can be selected from alkoxy groups, phenyl groups, biphenyl groups, terphenyl groups, and naphthyl groups.

[0149] According to another embodiment, xa1 to xa4 may be 0, 1, or 2 independently of each other.

[0150] According to another embodiment, xa5 can be 1, 2, 3, or 4.

[0151] According to another embodiment, R 201 to R 204 and Q 201 are independently, phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, penthalenyl group, indenyl group, naphthyl group, azulenyl group, hepthalenyl group, indacenyl group, acenaphthyl group, fluorenyl group, spiro-bifluorenyl group, benzoflurenyl group, dibenzoflurenyl group, phenalenyl group, phenanthrenyl group, anthracenyl group, fluoranthenyl group, triphenylenyl group, pyrenyl group, chrysenyl group, naphthacenyl group, fisenyl group, perylenyl group, pentaphenyl group, hexacenyl group, penthacenyl group, rubisenyl group, coronenyl group, ovalenyl group, thiophenyl group, furanyl group, carbazoleyl group, indoleyl group, isoindoleyl group, benzofuranyl group, benzothiophenyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, Dibenzothiophenyl group, benzocarbazole group, dibenzocarbazole group, dibenzosilolyl group and pyridinyl group; and

[0152] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amido group, hydrazino group, hydrazono group, C1-C 20 Alkyl group, C1-C 20 Alkoxy group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, cycloheptyl group, cyclopentenyl group, cyclohexenyl group, phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, C1-C 10Phenyl group substituted with an alkyl group, phenyl group substituted with -F, pentalenyl group, indenyl group, naphthyl group, azulenyl group, hepthalenyl group, indacenyl group, acenaphthyl group, fluorenyl group, spiro-bifluorenyl group, benzofluorenyl group, dibenzofluorenyl group, phenalenyl group, phenanthrenyl group, anthracenyl group, fluoranthenyl group, triphenylenyl group, pyrenyl group, chrysenyl group, naphthacenyl group, fisenyl group, perylenyl group, pentaphenyl group, hexacenyl group, penthacenyl group, rubisenyl group, coronenyl group, ovalenyl group, thiophenyl group, furanyl group, carbazoleyl group, indoleyl group, isoindoleyl group, benzofuranyl group, benzothiophenyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, Dibenzothiophenyl group, benzocarbazole group, dibenzocarbazole group, dibenzosilolyl group, pyridinyl group, -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ) and -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 Substituted with at least one selected from ), phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, pentalenyl group, indenyl group, naphthyl group, azulenyl group, hepthalenyl group, indacenyl group, acenaphthyl group, fluorenyl group, spiro-bifluorenyl group, benzofluorenyl group, dibenzofluorenyl group, phenalenyl group, phenanthrenyl group, anthracenyl group, fluoranthenyl group, triphenylenyl group, pyrenyl group, chrysenyl group, naphthacenyl group, fisenyl group, perylenyl group, pentaphenyl group, hexacenyl group, penthacenyl group, rubisenyl group, coronenyl group, ovalenyl group, thiophenyl group, furanyl group, carbazoleyl group, indoleyl group, isoindoleyl group, benzofuranyl group, benzothiophenyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, Dibenzothiophenyl group, benzocarbazole group, dibenzocarbazole group, dibenzosilolyl group and pyridinyl group;

[0153] It can be selected from among,

[0154] Above Q 31 to Q 33 Refer to the description of as set forth in this specification.

[0155] According to another embodiment, R in the above chemical formula 201 201 to R 203At least one of them, independently of each other,

[0156] Fluorenyl group, spiro-bifluorenyl group, carbazoleyl group, dibenzofuranyl group and dibenzothiophenyl group; and

[0157] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amido group, hydrazino group, hydrazono group, C1-C 20 Alkyl group, C1-C 20 Alkoxy group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, cycloheptyl group, cyclopentenyl group, cyclohexenyl group, phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, C1-C 10 Fluorenyl group, spiro-bifluorenyl group, carbazolel group, dibenzofuranyl group, and dibenzothiophenyl group substituted with at least one selected from alkyl group-substituted phenyl group, -F-substituted phenyl group, naphthyl group, fluorenyl group, spiro-bifluorenyl group, carbazolel group, dibenzofuranyl group, and dibenzothiophenyl group;

[0158] It may be selected from among these, but is not limited thereto.

[0159] According to another embodiment, i) R in the above chemical formula 202 201 and R 202 ☐ can be connected to each other through single bonds, and / or ii) R 203 and R 204 They can be connected to each other through a single bond.

[0160] According to another embodiment, R in the above chemical formula 202 201 to R 204 At least one of them,

[0161] Carbazol diary; and

[0162] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amido group, hydrazino group, hydrazono group, C1-C 20 Alkyl group, C1-C 20Alkoxy group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, cycloheptyl group, cyclopentenyl group, cyclohexenyl group, phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, C1-C 10 A carbazole group substituted with at least one selected from a phenyl group substituted with an alkyl group, a phenyl group substituted with -F, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a carbazole group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group;

[0163] It may be selected from among these, but is not limited thereto.

[0164] The compound represented by the above chemical formula 201 can be represented by the following chemical formula 201A:

[0165] <Chemical Formula 201A>

[0166]

[0167] For example, the compound represented by the above chemical formula 201 may be represented by the following chemical formula 201A (1), but is not limited thereto:

[0168] <Chemical Formula 201A(1)>

[0169]

[0170] As another example, the compound represented by the above chemical formula 201 may be represented by the following chemical formula 201A-1, but is not limited thereto:

[0171] <Chemical Formula 201A-1>

[0172]

[0173] Meanwhile, the compound represented by the above chemical formula 202 can be represented by the following chemical formula 202A:

[0174] <Chemical Formula 202A>

[0175]

[0176] According to another embodiment, the compound represented by Chemical Formula 202 may be represented by the following Chemical Formula 202A-1:

[0177] <Chemical Formula 202A-1>

[0178]

[0179] Among the above chemical formulas 201A, 201A(1), 201A-1, 202A and 202A-1,

[0180] L 201 to L 203 , xa1 to xa3, xa5 and R 202 to R 204 Refer to the description regarding as set forth in this specification, and

[0181] R 211 and R 212 The description of R in this specification 203 Refer to the explanation for,

[0182] R 213 to R 217 They are independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amido group, hydrazino group, hydrazono group, C1-C 20 Alkyl group, C1-C 20 Alkoxy group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, cycloheptyl group, cyclopentenyl group, cyclohexenyl group, phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, C1-C 10 Phenyl group substituted with an alkyl group, phenyl group substituted with -F, pentalenyl group, indenyl group, naphthyl group, azulenyl group, hepthalenyl group, indacenyl group, acenaphthyl group, fluorenyl group, spiro-bifluorenyl group, benzofluorenyl group, dibenzofluorenyl group, phenalenyl group, phenanthrenyl group, anthracenyl group, fluoranthenyl group, triphenylenyl group, pyrenyl group, chrysenyl group, naphthacenyl group, fisenyl group, perylenyl group, pentaphenyl group, hexacenyl group, penthacenyl group, rubisenyl group, coronenyl group, ovalenyl group, thiophenyl group, furanyl group, carbazoleyl group, indoleyl group, isoindoleyl group, benzofuranyl group, benzothiophenyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, It can be selected from dibenzothiophenyl group, benzocarbazole group, dibenzocarbazole group, dibenzosilol group, and pyridinyl group.

[0183] The hole transport region above may include at least one compound selected from the following compounds HT1 to HT39, but is not limited thereto:

[0184]

[0185]

[0186]

[0187]

[0188]

[0189]

[0190]

[0191] [Hole Injection Layer in Hole Transport Region]

[0192] According to one embodiment, the hole transport region included in the light-emitting unit of the light-emitting element may include a hole injection layer.

[0193] According to one embodiment, the description of the hole injection layer may refer to the description of the p-type hole injection layer. For example, the hole injection layer may include an inorganic semiconductor material. The description of the inorganic semiconductor material may refer to what is described in this specification.

[0194] According to one embodiment, the inorganic semiconductor material included in the hole injection layer may be identical to the inorganic semiconductor material included in the p-type hole injection layer. Alternatively, according to one embodiment, the inorganic semiconductor material included in the hole injection layer may be different from the inorganic semiconductor material included in the p-type hole injection layer.

[0195] According to one embodiment, the hole injection layer may further include a hole transportable compound.

[0196] According to one embodiment, the hole injection layer may consist of the inorganic semiconductor material and the hole transportable compound.

[0197] According to one embodiment, the hole injection layer may comprise a material substantially identical to the p-type hole injection layer. Alternatively, according to one embodiment, the hole injection layer may comprise an inorganic semiconductor material and / or a hole transport compound selected independently of the p-type hole injection layer.

[0198] Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, the (m-1) hole transport region (HT(m-1)) includes a (m-1) hole injection layer, and the (m-1) hole injection layer is adjacent to at least one of a first electrode (110) and a (m-1) charge generation unit (CGU(m-1)), and may include an inorganic semiconductor material.

[0199] Additionally, according to one embodiment, the (m-1) hole injection layer may be in direct contact with the first electrode. For example, a first hole transport region (HT(1)) included in a first light-emitting unit (ELU(1)) may include a first hole injection layer, and the first hole injection layer may be in direct contact with the first electrode (110) and may include an inorganic semiconductor material.

[0200] In a light-emitting device according to one embodiment, the hole injection layer may comprise an inorganic semiconductor material, and accordingly, charge generation and movement at the interface with the first electrode or charge generation unit are smooth, and degradation of the interface between each layer is prevented, thereby preventing an increase in the driving voltage. Accordingly, the light-emitting device can provide an improved lifespan and / or brightness.

[0201] The thickness of the hole injection layer may be 0.1 nm to 20 nm, for example, 0.1 nm to 10 nm. When the above-described range is satisfied, satisfactory hole injection characteristics can be obtained without a substantial increase in driving voltage.

[0202] [Pure air transport layer within the pure air transport area]

[0203] Among the light-emitting elements, the light-emitting unit may have a hole transport layer in direct contact with the light-emitting layer.

[0204] The hole transport layer may include one or more selected from hole-transporting organic compounds.

[0205] According to one embodiment, the hole transport layer may further include an alkali metal halide, an alkaline earth metal halide, a lanthanide metal halide, or any combination thereof.

[0206] Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, the m-th hole transport region (HT(m)) includes a m-th hole transport layer adjacent to the m-th light-emitting layer (ELU(m)), and the m-th hole transport layer may include a hole-transporting organic compound.

[0207] In addition, for example, the above-mentioned hole transport layer may further include alkali metal halides, alkaline earth metal halides, lanthanide metal halides, or any combination thereof.

[0208] Among the 100 volume parts of the hole transport layer above, the hole-transporting organic compound may be 50 volume parts or more. For example, the hole-transporting organic compound may be included in the hole transport layer in an amount of 50 to 99.9 volume parts.

[0209] The thickness of the hole transport layer may be 0.1 nm to 10 nm. If the above-described range is satisfied, satisfactory hole transport characteristics can be obtained without a substantial increase in driving voltage.

[0210] [Charge-generating material in the hole transport region]

[0211] In addition to the material described above, the hole transport region may further include a charge-generating material to improve conductivity. The charge-generating material may be uniformly or non-uniformly dispersed within the hole transport region. Alternatively, the charge-generating material may be included in a layer other than the hole injection layer within the hole transport region.

[0212] The above charge-generating material may be, for example, a p-dopant.

[0213] According to one embodiment, the LUMO of the p-dopant may be -3.5 eV or less.

[0214] The above p-dopant may include at least one selected from quinone derivatives, metal oxides, and cyano group-containing compounds, but is not limited thereto.

[0215] For example, the above p-dopant is a quinone derivative such as TCNQ (Tetracyanoquinodimethane) and F4-TCNQ (2,3,5,6-Tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane);

[0216] Metal oxides such as tungsten oxide and molybdenum oxide;

[0217] HAT-CN (1,4,5,8,9,11-hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbonitrile); and

[0218] Compound represented by the following chemical formula 221;

[0219] It may include at least one selected from among, but is not limited thereto:

[0220] <hat-cn> <f4-tcnq>

[0221]

[0222] <Chemical Formula 221>

[0223]

[0224] Of the above chemical formula 221,

[0225] R 221 to R 223 C3-C independently of each other, substituted or unsubstituted 10 Cycloalkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Selected from a heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, wherein R 221 to R 223 At least one of them is a C1-C group substituted with a cyano group, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, or -F 20 C1-C alkyl groups substituted with -Cl 20 C1-C alkyl groups, -Br substituted 20 C1-C alkyl groups and -I substituted 20 It has at least one substituent selected from alkyl groups.

[0226] [Luminous layer]

[0227] Although not illustrated, the light-emitting units each include a light-emitting layer. Specifically, each light-emitting unit may include one light-emitting layer.

[0228] The plurality of light-emitting layers may each emit light of a different color, or they may emit light of the same color. For example, the plurality of light-emitting layers may all emit blue light, but are not limited thereto.

[0229] The light-emitting layer may include one or more selected from organic compounds and semiconductor compounds, but is not limited thereto. In particular, when the light-emitting layer includes an organic compound, the light-emitting device may be referred to as an organic light-emitting device.

[0230] Specifically, the organic compound may include a host and a dopant.

[0231] Specifically, the semiconductor compound may be a quantum dot, that is, the light-emitting device may be a quantum dot light-emitting device.

[0232] Alternatively, the semiconductor compound may be an organic and / or inorganic perovskite.

[0233] The thickness of the light-emitting layer may be approximately 0.1 nm to 100 nm. Specifically, the thickness of the light-emitting layer may be 15 nm to 50 nm. More specifically, when the light-emitting layer emits blue light, the thickness of the blue light-emitting layer may be 15 nm to 20 nm; when the light-emitting layer emits green light, the thickness of the green light-emitting layer may be 20 nm to 40 nm; and when the light-emitting layer emits red light, the thickness of the red light-emitting layer may be 40 nm to 50 nm. When satisfying the above ranges, the light-emitting element can exhibit excellent light-emitting characteristics without a substantial increase in driving voltage.

[0234] The light-emitting layer of the above organic light-emitting device may include a host and a dopant. The dopant may include a phosphorescent dopant, a fluorescent dopant, a delayed fluorescent dopant, or any combination thereof.

[0235] The content of the dopant in the above-mentioned light-emitting layer can typically be selected in the range of about 0.01 parts by weight to about 15 parts by weight per about 100 parts by weight of the host, but is not limited thereto.

[0236] The above host may include a compound represented by the following chemical formula 301.

[0237] <Chemical Formula 301>

[0238] [Ar 301 ] xb11 -[(L 301 ) xb1 -R 301 ] xb21

[0239] Among the above chemical formula 301,

[0240] Ar 301 C5-C with substituted or unsubstituted 60 Carbocyclic groups or substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 It is a heterocyclic group, and

[0241] xb11 is 1, 2, or 3, and

[0242] L 301 Silver, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryllene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Selected from a heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, and

[0243] xb1 is selected from integers 0 to 5, and

[0244] R 301 Silver, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amido group, hydrazino group, hydrazono group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Alkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 alkenyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 alkynyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Alkoxy groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl group, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, -Si(Q 301 )(Q 302 )(Q 303 ), -N(Q 301 )(Q 302 ), -B(Q 301 )(Q 302 ), -C(=O)(Q 301 ), -S(=O)2(Q 301 ) and -P(=O)(Q 301 )(Q 302 Selected from ),

[0245] xb21 is selected from integers 1 to 5, and

[0246] Q 301 to Q 303 are independently of each other, C1-C 10 Alkyl group, C1-C 10 It may be selected from alkoxy groups, phenyl groups, biphenyl groups, terphenyl groups, and naphthyl groups, but is not limited thereto.

[0247] According to one embodiment, Ar in the above chemical formula 301 301 silver,

[0248] Naphthalene group, fluorene group, spiro-bifluorene group, benzoflurene group, dibenzoflurene group, phenalene group, phenanthrene group, anthracene group, fluoranthene group, triphenylene group, pyrene group, chrysene group, naphthacene group, fisene group, perylene group, pentafene group, indenoanthracene group, dibenzofuran group and dibenzothiophene group; and

[0249] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amido group, hydrazino group, hydrazono group, C1-C 20 Alkyl group, C1-C 20 Alkoxy group, phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, naphthyl group, -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -C(=O)(Q 31 ), -S(=O)2(Q 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 Substituted with at least one selected from ), a naphthalene group, a fluorene group, a spirobifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, anthracene group, a fluorantene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacene group, a fisene group, a perylene group, a pentapene group, an indenoanthracene group, a dibenzofuran group, and a dibenzothiophene group;

[0250] Selected from among,

[0251] Q 31 to Q 33 are independently of each other, C1-C 10 Alkyl group, C1-C 10 It may be selected from alkoxy groups, phenyl groups, biphenyl groups, terphenyl groups, and naphthyl groups, but is not limited thereto.

[0252] In the above chemical formula 301, if xb11 is 2 or more, 2 or more Ar 301 They can be connected to each other through a single bond.

[0253] According to another embodiment, the compound represented by the formula 301 may be represented by the following formula 301-1 or 301-2:

[0254] <Chemical Formula 301-1>

[0255]

[0256] <Chemical Formula 301-2>

[0257]

[0258] Among the above chemical formulas 301-1 to 301-2

[0259] A 301 To A 304 are independently selected from the benzene group, naphthalene group, phenanthrene group, fluoranthene group, triphenylene group, pyrene group, chrysene group, pyridine group, pyrimidine group, indene group, fluorene group, spiro-bifluorene group, benzofluorene group, dibenzofluorene group, indole group, carbazole group, benzocabazole group, dibenzocabazole group, furan group, benzofuran group, dibenzofuran group, naphthofuran group, benzonaphthofuran group, dinaphthofuran group, thiophene group, benzothiophene group, dibenzothiophene group, naphthiophene group, benzonaphthiophene group, benzonaphthiophene group, and dinaphthiophene group, and

[0260] X 301 is O, S or N-[(L 304 ) xb4 -R 304 ] and,

[0261] R 311 to R 314 are independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amido group, hydrazino group, hydrazono group, C1-C 20 Alkyl group, C1-C 20 Alkoxy group, phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, naphthyl group -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -C(=O)(Q 31 ), -S(=O)2(Q 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 Selected from ),

[0262] xb22 and xb23 are independently 0, 1, or 2, and

[0263] L 301 , xb1, R 301 and Q 31 to Q 33 Refer to the description regarding as set forth in this specification, and

[0264] L 302 to L 304 The descriptions regarding are independent of each other, the above L 301 Refer to the explanation for,

[0265] The descriptions for xb2 to xb4 are independent of each other, and refer to the description for xb1 above, and

[0266] R 302 to R 304 The descriptions regarding are independent of each other, the above R 301 Refer to the explanation for.

[0267] For example, L in the above chemical formulas 301, 301-1, and 301-2 301 to L 304 are independently of each other,

[0268] Phenylene group, Naphtylene group, Fluorenylene group, Spiro-bifluorenylene group, Benzofluorenylene group, Dibenzofluorenylene group, Phenanthrenylene group, Anthracenylene group, Fluoranthenylene group, Triphenylenylene group, Pyrenylene group, Chrysenylene group, Perylenylene group, Pentaphenylene group, Hexacenylene group, Pentacenylene group, Thiophenylene group, Furanylene group, Carbazolylene group, Indolylene group, Isoindolelene group, Benzofuranylene group, Benzothiophenylene group, Dibenzofuranylene group, Dibenzothiophenylene group, Benzocarbazoylene group, Dibenzocarbazoylene group, Dibenzosylrolyllene group, Pyridinylene group, Imidazoylene group, Pyrazoylene group, Thiazoylene group, Isothiazolelene group, oxazolelene group, isoxazolelene group, thiadiazolelene group, oxadiazolelene group, pyrazinylene group, pyrimidinylene group, pyridazineylene group, triazineylene group, quinolinylene group, isoquinolinylene group, benzoquinolinylene group, phthalazineylene group, naphthiridinylene group, quinoxalinylene group, quinazolinylene group, sinolinylene group, phenantridinylene group, acrididinylene group, phenanthrolinylene group, phenazineylene group, benzimidazolelene group, isobenzothiazolelene group, benzoxazolelene group, isobenzoxazolelene group, triazolelene group, tetrazolylene group, imidazopyridinylene group, imidazopyrimidinylene group and Azacarbazolelene group; and

[0269] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amido group, hydrazino group, hydrazono group, C1-C 20 Alkyl group, C1-C 20 Alkoxy group, phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, naphthyl group, fluorenyl group, spiro-bifluorenyl group, benzoflurenyl group, dibenzoflurenyl group, phenanthrenyl group, anthracenyl group, fluoranthenyl group, triphenylenyl group, pyrenyl group, chrysenyl group, perylenyl group, pentaphenyl group, hexacenyl group, pentacenyl group, thiophenyl group, furanyl group, carbazoleyl group, indoleyl group, isoindoleyl group, benzofuranyl group, benzothiophenyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, dibenzothiophenyl group, benzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzosilolyl group, pyridinyl group, imidazoleyl group, pyrazolyl group, thiazoleyl group, isothiaazoleyl group, oxazoleyl group, isoxazoleyl group, Thiadiazole yl group, oxadiazole yl group, pyrazinyl group, pyrimidinyl group, pyridazinyl group, triazinyl group, quinolinyl group, isoquinolinyl group, benzoquinolinyl group, phthalazinyl group, naphthiridinyl group, quinoxalinyl group, quinazolinyl group, cinolinyl group, phenanthridinyl group, acrridinyl group, phenanthrolinyl group, phenazinyl group, benzimidazole yl group, isobenzothiazole yl group, benzoxazole yl group, isobenzoxazole yl group, triazole yl group, tetrazole yl group, imidazopyridinyl group, imidazopyrimidinyl group, azacarbazole yl group, -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -C(=O)(Q 31 ), -S(=O)2(Q 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 Substituted with at least one selected from ), phenylene group, naphthylene group, fluorenylene group, spiro-bifluorenylene group, benzofluorenylene group, dibenzofluorenylene group, phenanthrenylene group, anthracenylene group, fluoranthenylene group, triphenylenylene group, pyrenylene group, chrysenylene group, perylenylene group, pentaphenylene group, hexacenylene group, pentacenylene group, thiophenylene group, furanylene group, carbazoylene group, indolylene group, isoindoylene group, benzofuranylene group, benzothiophenylene group, dibenzofuranylene group, dibenzothiophenylene group, benzocarbazoylene group, dibenzocarbazoylene group, dibenzosylrolylene group, pyridinylene group, imidazoylene group, Pyrazolylene group, thiazolylene group, isothiazolylene group, oxazolylene group, isoxazolylene group, thiadiazolylene group, oxadiazolylene group, pyrazinylene group, pyrimidinylene group, pyridazinylene group, triazinylene group, quinolinylene group, isoquinolinylene group, benzoquinolinylene group, phthalazinylene group, naphthiridinylene group, quinoxalinylene group, quinazolinylene group, cinolinylene group, phenantridinylene group, acrididinylene group, phenanthrolinylene group, phenazinylene group, benzimidazoleylene group, isobenzothiazolylene group, benzoxazolylene group, isobenzoxazolylene group, triazolylene group, tetrazolylene group, imidazopyridinylene group, Imidazopyrimidinylene group and azacarbazolelene group;

[0270] Selected from among,

[0271] Above Q 31 to Q 33 For a description of [this], refer to what is described in this specification.

[0272] As another example, R in the above chemical formulas 301, 301-1, and 301-2 301 to R 304 are independently of each other,

[0273] Phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, naphthyl group, fluorenyl group, spiro-bifluorenyl group, benzoflurenyl group, dibenzoflurenyl group, phenanthrenyl group, anthracenyl group, fluoranthenyl group, triphenylenyl group, pyrenyl group, chrysenyl group, perylenyl group, pentaphenyl group, hexacenyl group, pentacenyl group, thiophenyl group, furanyl group, carbazoleyl group, indoleyl group, isoindoleyl group, benzofuranyl group, benzothiophenyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, dibenzothiophenyl group, benzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzosilolyl group, pyridinyl group, imidazoleyl group, pyrazolyl group, thiazoleyl group, isothiaazoleyl group, oxazoleyl group, isoxazoleyl group, Thiadiazole yl group, oxadiazole yl group, pyrazinyl group, pyrimidinyl group, pyridazinyl group, triazinyl group, quinolinyl group, isoquinolinyl group, benzoquinolinyl group, phthalazinyl group, naphthiridinyl group, quinoxalinyl group, quinazolinyl group, cinolinyl group, phenantridinyl group, acrridinyl group, phenanthrolinyl group, phenazinyl group, benzimidazole yl group, isobenzothiazole yl group, benzoxazole yl group, isobenzoxazole yl group, triazole yl group, tetrazole yl group, imidazopyridinyl group, imidazopyrimidinyl group and azacarbazole yl group; and

[0274] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amido group, hydrazino group, hydrazono group, C1-C 20 Alkyl group, C1-C 20 Alkoxy group, phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, naphthyl group, fluorenyl group, spiro-bifluorenyl group, benzoflurenyl group, dibenzoflurenyl group, phenanthrenyl group, anthracenyl group, fluoranthenyl group, triphenylenyl group, pyrenyl group, chrysenyl group, perylenyl group, pentaphenyl group, hexacenyl group, pentacenyl group, thiophenyl group, furanyl group, carbazoleyl group, indoleyl group, isoindoleyl group, benzofuranyl group, benzothiophenyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, dibenzothiophenyl group, benzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzosilolyl group, pyridinyl group, imidazoleyl group, pyrazolyl group, thiazoleyl group, isothiaazoleyl group, oxazoleyl group, isoxazoleyl group, Thiadiazole yl group, oxadiazole yl group, pyrazinyl group, pyrimidinyl group, pyridazinyl group, triazinyl group, quinolinyl group, isoquinolinyl group, benzoquinolinyl group, phthalazinyl group, naphthiridinyl group, quinoxalinyl group, quinazolinyl group, cinolinyl group, phenanthridinyl group, acrridinyl group, phenanthrolinyl group, phenazinyl group, benzimidazole yl group, isobenzothiazole yl group, benzoxazole yl group, isobenzoxazole yl group, triazole yl group, tetrazole yl group, imidazopyridinyl group, imidazopyrimidinyl group, azacarbazole yl group, -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -C(=O)(Q 31 ), -S(=O)2(Q 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 Substituted with at least one selected from ), phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, naphthyl group, fluorenyl group, spiro-bifluorenyl group, benzoflurenyl group, dibenzoflurenyl group, phenanthrenyl group, anthracenyl group, fluoranthenyl group, triphenylenyl group, pyrenyl group, chrysenyl group, perylenyl group, pentaphenyl group, hexacenyl group, pentacenyl group, thiophenyl group, furanyl group, carbazoleyl group, indoleyl group, isoindoleyl group, benzofuranyl group, benzothiophenyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, dibenzothiophenyl group, benzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzosilolyl group, pyridinyl group, imidazoleyl group, pyrazolyl group, thiazoleyl group, isothiaazoleyl group, oxazoleyl group, Isoxazolyl group, thiadiazoleyl group, oxadiazoleyl group, pyrazinyl group, pyrimidinyl group, pyridazinyl group, triazinyl group, quinolinyl group, isoquinolinyl group, benzoquinolinyl group, phthalazinyl group, naphthiridinyl group, quinoxalinyl group, quinazolinyl group, cinolinyl group, phenantridinyl group, acrridinyl group, phenanthrolinyl group, phenazinyl group, benzimidazoleyl group, isobenzothiazoleyl group, benzoxazoleyl group, isobenzoxazoleyl group, triazoleyl group, tetrazoleyl group, imidazopyridinyl group, imidazopyrimidinyl group and azacarbazoleyl group;

[0275] Selected from among,

[0276] Above Q 31 to Q 33 For a description of [this], refer to what is described in this specification.

[0277] As another example, the host may include an alkaline earth metal complex. For example, the host may be selected from a Be complex (e.g., compound H55 below), an Mg complex, and a Zn complex.

[0278] The above host may include at least one selected from ADN (9,10-Di(2-naphthyl)anthracene), MADN (2-Methyl-9,10-bis(naphthalen-2-yl)anthracene), TBADN (9,10-di-(2-naphthyl)-2-t-butyl-anthracene), CBP (4,4′-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1′-biphenyl), mCP (1,3-di-9-carbazolylbenzene), TCP (1,3,5-tri(carbazol-9-yl)benzene) and the following compounds H1 to H55, but is not limited thereto:

[0279]

[0280]

[0281]

[0282]

[0283]

[0284]

[0285]

[0286] Alternatively, the host may include at least one of a silicon-containing compound (e.g., BCPDS used in the following examples) and a phosphine oxide-containing compound (e.g., POPCPA used in the following examples).

[0287] The above host may be modified in various ways, such as by including only one type of compound or two or more different types of compounds (for example, the host of the following example consists of BCPDS and POPCPA).

[0288] The above phosphorescent dopant may include an organometallic complex represented by the following chemical formula 401:

[0289] <Chemical Formula 401>

[0290] M(L 401 ) xc1 (L 402 ) xc2

[0291] <Chemical Formula 402>

[0292]

[0293] Among the above chemical formulas 401 and 402,

[0294] M is selected from iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), osmium (Os), titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), europium (Eu), terbium (Tb), rhodium (Rh), and thulium (Tm), and

[0295] L 401 ... is selected from the ligand represented by the above chemical formula 402, xc1 is 1, 2, or 3, and if xc1 is 2 or more, 2 or more L 401 They are identical or different from each other,

[0296] L 402 is an organic ligand, xc2 is selected from integers from 0 to 4, and if xc2 is 2 or more, 2 or more L 402 are identical or different from each other,

[0297] X 401 To X 404 are independently nitrogen or carbon, and

[0298] X 401 and X 403 It is connected through single or double bonds, and X 402 and X 404 It is connected through single or double bonds, and

[0299] A 401 and A 402 are independently of each other, C5-C 60 Carbocyclic group or C1-C 60 It is a heterocyclic group, and

[0300] X 405 is a single bond, *-O-*', *-S-*', *-C(=O)-*', *-N(Q 411 )-*', *-C(Q 411 )(Q 412 )-*', *-C(Q 411 )=C(Q 412 )-*', *-C(Q 411 )=*' or *=C(Q 411 )=*' and the above Q 411 and Q 412 is, hydrogen, deuterium, C1-C 20 Alkyl group, C1-C 20 It is an alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, or a naphthyl group, and

[0301] X 406 is a single bond, O or S, and

[0302] R 401 and R 402 are independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amido group, hydrazino group, hydrazono group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 20 Alkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 20 Alkoxy groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl group, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, -Si(Q 401 )(Q 402 )(Q 403 ), -N(Q 401 )(Q 402 ), -B(Q 401 )(Q 402 ), -C(=O)(Q 401 ), -S(=O)2(Q 401 ) and -P(=O)(Q 401 )(Q 402 Selected from ), and the above Q 401 to Q 403 are independently of each other, C1-C 10 Alkyl group, C1-C 10 Alkoxy group, C6-C 20 Aryl group and C1-C 20 Selected from heteroaryl groups,

[0303] xc11 and xc12 are independently selected from integers from 0 to 10, and

[0304] In the above chemical formula 402, * and *' are binding sites with M in the above chemical formula 401.

[0305] According to one embodiment, A of the above chemical formula 402 401 and A 402 are independently of each other, among the benzene group, naphthalene group, fluorene group, spiro-bifluorene group, indene group, pyrrole group, thiophene group, furan group, imidazole group, pyrazol group, thiazole group, isothiaazole group, oxazole group, isoxazole group, pyridine group, pyrazine group, pyrimidine group, pyridazine group, quinoline group, isoquinoline group, benzoquinoline group, quinoxaline group, quinazoline group, carbazole group, benzimidazole group, benzofuran group, benzothiophene group, isobenzothiophene group, benzoxazole group, isobenzoxazole group, triazole group, tetrazole group, oxadiazole group, triazine group, dibenzofuran group, and dibenzothiophene group Can be selected.

[0306] According to another embodiment, i) X in the above chemical formula 402 401 is nitrogen, and X 402 is carbon, or ii) X 401 and X 402 All of it can be nitrogen.

[0307] According to another embodiment, R in the above chemical formula 402 401 and R 402 are independently of each other,

[0308] Hydrogen, Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, Hydroxyl group, Cyano group, Nitro group, Amydino group, Hydrazino group, Hydrazono group, C1-C 20 Alkyl groups and C1-C 20 Alkoxygenation;

[0309] C1-C substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amido group, hydrazino group, hydrazono group, phenyl group, naphthyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, adamantanyl group, norbornenyl group, and norbornenyl group. 20 Alkyl groups and C1-C 20 Alkoxygenation;

[0310] Cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, adamantanyl group, norvonanyl group, norbornenyl group, phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, naphthyl group, fluorenyl group, pyridinyl group, pyrazinyl group, pyrimidinyl group, pyridazinyl group, triazinyl group, quinolinyl group, isoquinolinyl group, quinoxalinyl group, quinazolinyl group, carbazolel group, dibenzofuranyl group and dibenzothiophenyl group;

[0311] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amido group, hydrazino group, hydrazono group, C1-C 20 Alkyl group, C1-C 20 Substituted with at least one selected from alkoxy group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, adamantanyl group, norvonanyl group, norbornenyl group, phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, naphthyl group, fluorenyl group, pyridinyl group, pyrazinyl group, pyrimidinyl group, pyridazinyl group, triazinyl group, quinolinyl group, isoquinolinyl group, quinoxalinyl group, quinazolinyl group, carbazoleyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, and dibenzothiophenyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, adamantanyl group, norvonanyl group, norbornenyl group, phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, naphthyl group, fluorenyl group, pyridinyl group, pyrazinyl group, pyrimidinyl group, pyridazinyl group, triazinyl group, Quinolinyl group, isoquinolinyl group, quinoxalinyl group, quinazolinyl group, carbazoleyl group, dibenzofuranyl group and dibenzothiophenyl group; and

[0312] -Si(Q 401 )(Q 402 )(Q 403 ), -N(Q 401 )(Q 402 ), -B(Q 401 )(Q 402 ), -C(=O)(Q 401 ), -S(=O)2(Q 401 ) and -P(=O)(Q 401 )(Q 402 );

[0313] Selected from among,

[0314] Above Q 401 to Q 403 are independently of each other, C1-C 10 Alkyl group, C1-C 10 It may be selected from alkoxy groups, phenyl groups, biphenyl groups and naphthyl groups, but is not limited thereto.

[0315] According to another embodiment, if xc1 in the above chemical formula 401 is 2 or more, 2 or more L 401 2 of the A's 401 is optionally, the connector X 407 Connected to each other through, or 2 A 402 is optionally, the connector X 408 They can be connected to each other through (see compounds PD1 to PD4 and PD7 below). The above X 407 and X 408 are independently of each other, single bond, *-O-*', *-S-*', *-C(=O)-*', *-N(Q 413 )-*', *-C(Q 413 )(Q 414 )-*' or *-C(Q 413 )=C(Q 414 )-*' (here, Q 413 and Q 414 are independently hydrogen, deuterium, C1-C 20 Alkyl group, C1-C 20 It may be an alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, or a naphthyl group, but is not limited thereto.

[0316] L in the above chemical formula 401 402 can be any monovalent, divalent, or trivalent organic ligand. For example, the above L 402 It may be selected from halogens, diketones (e.g., acetylacetonates), carboxylic acids (e.g., picolinates), -C (=O), isonitriles, -CN, and phosphors (e.g., phosphine, phosphite), but is not limited thereto.

[0317] Alternatively, the organometallic phosphorescent dopant compound may be selected from, for example, the following compounds PD1 to PD25, but is not limited thereto:

[0318]

[0319]

[0320]

[0321] The above fluorescent dopant may include an arylamine compound or a styrylamine compound.

[0322] The above fluorescent dopant may include a compound represented by the following chemical formula 501:

[0323] <Chemical Formula 501>

[0324]

[0325] Among the above chemical formula 501,

[0326] Ar 501 C5-C with substituted or unsubstituted 60 Carbocyclic groups or substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 It is a heterocyclic group, and

[0327] L 501 to L 503 C3-C independently of each other, substituted or unsubstituted 10 Cycloalkylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryllene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Selected from a heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, and

[0328] xd1 to xd3 are independently selected from integers 0 to 3, and

[0329] R 501 and R 502 are independently substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Selected from a heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, and

[0330] xd4 can be selected from integers 1 to 6.

[0331] According to one embodiment, among the formula 501, Ar 501 silver,

[0332] Naphthalene group, heptylene group, fluorene group, spiro-bifluorene group, benzofluorene group, dibenzofluorene group, phenalene group, phenanthrene group, anthracene group, fluoranthene group, triphenylene group, pyrene group, chrysene group, naphthacene group, fisene group, perylene group, pentafene group, indenoanthracene group and indenopenanthrene group; and

[0333] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amido group, hydrazino group, hydrazono group, C1-C 20 Alkyl group, C1-C 20 A naphthalene group, heptalene group, fluorene group, spirobifluorene group, benzofluorene group, dibenzofluorene group, phenalene group, phenanthrene group, anthracene group, fluoranthene group, triphenylene group, pyrene group, chrysene group, naphthacene group, fisene group, perylene group, pentapene group, indenoanthrene group and indenopenanthrene group substituted with at least one selected from alkoxy groups, phenyl groups, biphenyl groups, terphenyl groups and naphthyl groups;

[0334] It can be selected from among them.

[0335] According to another embodiment, L in the above formula 501 501 to L 503 are independently of each other,

[0336] Phenylene group, naphthylene group, fluorenylene group, spiro-bifluorenylene group, benzofluorenylene group, dibenzofluorenylene group, phenanthrenylene group, anthracenylene group, fluoranthenylene group, triphenylenylene group, pyrenylene group, chrysenylene group, perylenylene group, pentaphenylene group, hexacenylene group, pentacenylene group, thiophenylene group, furanylene group, carbazoylene group, indolylene group, isoindoylene group, benzofuranylene group, benzothiophenylene group, dibenzofuranylene group, dibenzothiophenylene group, benzocarbazoylene group, dibenzocarbazoylene group, dibenzosylrolyllene group, pyridinylene group; and

[0337] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amido group, hydrazino group, hydrazono group, C1-C 20 Alkyl group, C1-C 20 phenyl group, naphthylene group, fluorenylene group, spiro-bifluorenylene group substituted with at least one selected from alkoxy group, phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, naphthyl group, fluorenyl group, spiro-bifluorenyl group, benzofluorenyl group, dibenzofluorenyl group, phenanthrenyl group, anthracenyl group, fluoranthenyl group, triphenylenyl group, pyrenyl group, chrysenyl group, perylenyl group, pentaphenyl group, hexacenyl group, pentacenyl group, thiophenyl group, furanyl group, carbazoleyl group, indoleyl group, isoindoleyl group, benzofuranyl group, benzothiophenyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, dibenzothiophenyl group, benzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzosilolyl group and pyridinyl group, phenylene group, naphthylene group, fluorenylene group, spiro-bifluorenylene group, Benzofluorenylene group, dibenzofluorenylene group, phenanthrenylene group, anthracenylene group, fluoranthenylene group, triphenylenylene group, pyrenylene group, chrysenylene group, perylenylene group, pentaphenylene group, hexacenylene group, pentacenylene group, thiophenylene group, furanylene group, carbazoylene group, indolylene group, isoindoylene group, benzofuranylene group, benzothiophenylene group, dibenzofuranylene group, dibenzothiophenylene group, benzocarbazoylene group, dibenzocarbazoylene group, dibenzosylrolyllene group, pyridinylene group;

[0338] It can be selected from among them.

[0339] According to another embodiment, R in the above chemical formula 501 501 and R 502 are independently of each other,

[0340] Phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, naphthyl group, fluorenyl group, spiro-bifluorenyl group, benzoflurenyl group, dibenzoflurenyl group, phenanthrenyl group, anthracenyl group, fluoranthenyl group, triphenylenyl group, pyrenyl group, chrysenyl group, perylenyl group, pentaphenyl group, hexacenyl group, pentacenyl group, thiophenyl group, furanyl group, carbazoleyl group, indoleyl group, isoindoleyl group, benzofuranyl group, benzothiophenyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, dibenzothiophenyl group, benzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzosilolyl group and pyridinyl group; and

[0341] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amido group, hydrazino group, hydrazono group, C1-C 20 Alkyl group, C1-C 20 Alkoxy group, phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, naphthyl group, fluorenyl group, spiro-bifluorenyl group, benzoflurenyl group, dibenzoflurenyl group, phenanthrenyl group, anthracenyl group, fluoranthenyl group, triphenylenyl group, pyrenyl group, chrysenyl group, perylenyl group, pentaphenyl group, hexacenyl group, pentacenyl group, thiophenyl group, furanyl group, carbazoleyl group, indoleyl group, isoindoleyl group, benzofuranyl group, benzothiophenyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, dibenzothiophenyl group, benzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzosilolyl group, pyridinyl group and -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 A phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, naphthyl group, fluorenyl group, spiro-bifluorenyl group, benzoflurenyl group, dibenzoflurenyl group, phenanthrenyl group, anthracenyl group, fluoranthenyl group, triphenylenyl group, pyrenyl group, chrysenyl group, perylenyl group, pentaphenyl group, hexacenyl group, pentacenyl group, thiophenyl group, furanyl group, carbazoleyl group, indoleyl group, isoindoleyl group, benzofuranyl group, benzothiophenyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, dibenzothiophenyl group, benzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzosilolyl group and pyridinyl group substituted with at least one selected from );

[0342] Selected from among,

[0343] Above Q 31 to Q 33 C1-C 10 Alkyl group, C1-C 10 It can be selected from alkoxy groups, phenyl groups, biphenyl groups, terphenyl groups, and naphthyl groups.

[0344] According to another embodiment, xd4 in the above chemical formula 501 may be 2, but is not limited thereto.

[0345] For example, the fluorescent dopant may be selected from the following compounds FD1 to FD22:

[0346]

[0347]

[0348]

[0349]

[0350]

[0351]

[0352]

[0353]

[0354]

[0355] Alternatively, the fluorescent dopant may be selected from the following compounds, but is not limited thereto.

[0356]

[0357]

[0358] The above delayed fluorescence dopant may include a compound represented by the following chemical formula 502:

[0359] <Chemical Formula 502>

[0360]

[0361] Among the above chemical formula 502,

[0362] A 501 To A 503 They are independent of each other, C5-C 60 Carbocyclic group or C1-C 60 It is a heterocyclic group, and

[0363] L 501 to L 505 are independently substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryllene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Selected from a heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, and

[0364] a501 to a505 are independently selected from integers 0 to 3, and

[0365] R 503 to R 507 C3-C independently of each other, substituted or unsubstituted 10 Alkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Selected from a heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, and

[0366] c11 to c13 can be selected from integers 0 to 6.

[0367] According to one embodiment, among the above chemical formula 502, A 501 To A 503 satisfies, independently of each other, may be selected from the benzene group, naphthalene group, heptylene group, fluorene group, spirobifluorene group, benzofluorene group, dibenzofluorene group, phenalene group, phenanthrene group, anthracene group, fluoranthene group, triphenylene group, pyrene group, chrysene group, naphthacene group, fisene group, perylene group, pentapene group, indenoanthracene group, indenophenanthrene group, and the group represented by the following chemical formula 503:

[0368] <Chemical Formula 503>

[0369]

[0370] Of the above chemical formula 503,

[0371] A 504 To A 506 The explanation for A in the above chemical formula 502 is 501 Refer to the explanation for,

[0372] L 504 to L 508 The explanation for is L in the above chemical formula 502. 501 Refer to the explanation for,

[0373] For the description of a504 to a508, refer to the description of a501 in the above chemical formula 502, and

[0374] R 506 to R 510 The explanation for R in the above chemical formula 502 is 503 Refer to the explanation for,

[0375] For the description of c14 to c16, refer to the description of c11 in the above chemical formula 502.

[0376] According to another embodiment, L in the above formula 502 501 to L 505 For an explanation regarding this, refer to the above.

[0377] According to another embodiment, R in the above chemical formula 502 503 to R 507 are independently of each other,

[0378] Methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, iso-propyl group, n-butyl group, iso-butyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, naphthyl group, fluorenyl group, spiro-bifluorenyl group, benzoflurenyl group, dibenzoflurenyl group, phenanthrenyl group, anthracenyl group, fluoranthenyl group, triphenylenyl group, pyrenyl group, chrysenyl group, perylenyl group, pentaphenyl group, hexacenyl group, pentacenyl group, thiophenyl group, furanyl group, carbazoleyl group, indoleyl group, isoindoleyl group, benzofuranyl group, benzothiophenyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, dibenzothiophenyl group, benzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzosilolyl group and pyridinyl group; and

[0379] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amido group, hydrazino group, hydrazono group, C1-C 20 Alkyl group, C1-C 20 Alkoxy group, phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, naphthyl group, fluorenyl group, spiro-bifluorenyl group, benzoflurenyl group, dibenzoflurenyl group, phenanthrenyl group, anthracenyl group, fluoranthenyl group, triphenylenyl group, pyrenyl group, chrysenyl group, perylenyl group, pentaphenyl group, hexacenyl group, pentacenyl group, thiophenyl group, furanyl group, carbazoleyl group, indoleyl group, isoindoleyl group, benzofuranyl group, benzothiophenyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, dibenzothiophenyl group, benzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzosilolyl group, pyridinyl group and -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 Substituted with at least one selected from ), methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, iso-propyl group, n-butyl group, iso-butyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, naphthyl group, fluorenyl group, spiro-bifluorenyl group, benzoflurenyl group, dibenzoflurenyl group, phenanthrenyl group, anthracenyl group, fluoranthenyl group, triphenylenyl group, pyrenyl group, chrysenyl group, perylenyl group, pentaphenyl group, hexacenyl group, pentacenyl group, thiophenyl group, furanyl group, carbazoleyl group, indoleyl group, isoindoleyl group, benzofuranyl group, benzothiophenyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, dibenzothiophenyl group, benzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzocarbazoleyl group, Dibenzosylyl group and pyridinyl group;

[0380] Selected from among,

[0381] Above Q 31 to Q 33 C1-C 10 Alkyl group, C1-C 10 It can be selected from alkoxy groups, phenyl groups, biphenyl groups, terphenyl groups, and naphthyl groups.

[0382] According to another embodiment, in the above chemical formula 502, c11 to c13 may be 0 or 1, but are not limited thereto.

[0383] For example, the above delayed fluorescence dopant compound may be selected from the following compounds FD23 to FD25:

[0384]

[0385] The light-emitting layer of the above quantum dot light-emitting device may include quantum dots. That is, the above quantum dot light-emitting device includes a quantum dot light-emitting layer. The above quantum dot light-emitting layer is formed by arranging a plurality of quantum dots (inorganic nanoparticles) in a single layer or a plurality of layers.

[0386] In this specification, a quantum dot refers to a crystal of a semiconductor compound and may encompass any material that emits emission wavelengths of different lengths depending on the size of the crystal. Accordingly, the type of compound constituting the quantum dot is not particularly limited.

[0387] Specifically, the quantum dot may comprise a semiconductor material selected from the group consisting of a group III-VI semiconductor compound; a group II-VI semiconductor compound; a group III-V semiconductor compound; a group IV-VI semiconductor compound; a group IV element or compound; and combinations thereof.

[0388] For example, the above-mentioned group III-VI semiconductor compound may be selected from among diatomic compounds such as In2S3; and ternary compounds selected from the group consisting of AgInS, AgInS2, CuInS, CuInS2, and compounds thereof, but is not limited thereto.

[0389] For example, the above-mentioned group II-VI semiconductor compound is a binary compound selected from the group consisting of CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, ZnO, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, MgSe, MgS, and mixtures thereof; a ternary compound selected from the group consisting of CdSeS, CdSeTe, CdSTe, ZnSeS, ZnSeTe, ZnSTe, HgSeS, HgSeTe, HgSTe, CdZnS, CdZnSe, CdZnTe, CdHgS, CdHgSe, CdHgTe, HgZnS, HgZnSe, HgZnTe, MgZnSe, MgZnS, and mixtures thereof; and may be selected from the group consisting of four-element compounds selected from the group consisting of CdZnSeS, CdZnSeTe, CdZnSTe, CdHgSeS, CdHgSeTe, CdHgSTe, HgZnSeS, HgZnSeTe, HgZnSTe and mixtures thereof, but is not limited thereto.

[0390] For example, the above III-V semiconductor compound may be selected from the group consisting of a binary compound selected from GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, AlN, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, InN, InP, InAs, InSb, and mixtures thereof; a ternary compound selected from the group consisting of GaNP, GaNAs, GaNSb, GaPAs, GaPSb, AlNP, AlNAs, AlNSb, AlPAs, AlPSb, InGaP, InNP, InNAs, InNSb, InPAs, InPSb, and mixtures thereof; and a quaternary compound selected from the group consisting of GaAlNP, GaAlNAs, GaAlNSb, GaAlPAs, GaAlPSb, GaInNP, GaInNAs, GaInNSb, GaInPAs, GaInPSb, InAlNP, InAlNAs, InAlNSb, InAlPAs, InAlPSb, and mixtures thereof, but is not limited thereto.

[0391] For example, the above-mentioned IV-VI semiconductor compounds may be selected from the group consisting of diatomic compounds selected from SnS, SnSe, SnTe, PbS, PbSe, PbTe and mixtures thereof; ternary compounds selected from the group consisting of SnSeS, SnSeTe, SnSTe, PbSeS, PbSeTe, PbSTe, SnPbS, SnPbSe, SnPbTe and mixtures thereof; and quaternary compounds selected from the group consisting of SnPbSSe, SnPbSeTe, SnPbSTe and mixtures thereof, but are not limited thereto.

[0392] For example, the above-mentioned Group IV element or compound may be selected from the group consisting of a single-element compound selected from the group consisting of Si, Ge, and mixtures thereof; and a di-element compound selected from the group consisting of SiC, SiGe, and mixtures thereof, but is not limited thereto.

[0393] In this case, the dielementary compound, ternary compound, or quaternary compound may exist within the particle at a uniform concentration, or may exist within the same particle with the concentration distribution divided into partially different states.

[0394] Meanwhile, the above quantum dots may have a uniform single structure or a core-shell dual structure. For example, the core and shell may comprise different materials. For example, the materials forming the core and shell, respectively, may be composed of different semiconductor compounds.

[0395] The shell of the quantum dot can serve as a protective layer to maintain semiconductor properties by preventing chemical degradation of the core, and / or as a charging layer to impart electrophoretic properties to the quantum dot. The shell may be a single layer or a multilayer. The interface between the core and the shell may have a concentration gradient in which the concentration of elements present in the shell decreases toward the center.

[0396] Examples of the shell of the above quantum dot include oxides of metals or nonmetals, semiconductor compounds, or combinations thereof. For example, the oxides of metals or nonmetals may include binary compounds such as SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2, ZnO, MnO, Mn2O3, Mn3O4, CuO, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, CoO, Co3O4, and NiO, or ternary compounds such as MgAl2O4, CoFe2O4, NiFe2O4, and CoMn2O4, but are not limited thereto. For example, the semiconductor compounds may include CdS, CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, ZnSeS, ZnTeS, GaAs, GaP, GaSb, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, InAs, InP, InGaP, InSb, AlAs, AlP, and AlSb, but are not limited thereto.

[0397] The diameter of the above quantum dots is not particularly limited, but, for example, may be about 1 nm to 10 nm. By controlling the size of the above quantum dots, the energy band gap can be controlled, so light of various wavelengths can be obtained from the quantum dot light-emitting layer. Therefore, by using quantum dots of different sizes, a display that emits light of various wavelengths can be realized.

[0398] Specifically, the size of the quantum dots can be selected to emit red, green, and blue light so as to form a color display. Additionally, the size of the quantum dots can be configured to emit white light by combining various colors of light.

[0399] In addition, the shape of the quantum dots may specifically be spherical, pyramidal, multi-arm, or cubic nanoparticles, nanotubes, nanowires, nanofibers, nanoplate-like particles, etc., but is not limited thereto.

[0400] Quantum dots can have a full width of half maximum (FWHM) of the emission wavelength spectrum of about 45 nm or less, specifically about 40 nm or less, and more specifically about 30 nm or less, and color purity or color reproducibility can be improved in this range. In addition, since the light emitted through these quantum dots is emitted in all directions, the wide viewing angle can be improved.

[0401] The above quantum dots can be synthesized by a wet chemical process, an organometallic chemical vapor deposition process, a molecular beam epitaxy process, or a similar process.

[0402] The above wet chemical process is a method of growing particle crystals by adding a precursor material to an organic solvent. When the crystals grow, the organic solvent naturally acts as a dispersant coordinated to the surface of the quantum dot crystals and controls the growth of the crystals. Therefore, the growth of inorganic nanoparticles can be controlled through a process that is easier and lower cost than vapor deposition methods such as Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD) or Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE).

[0403] [Electronic Transport Area]

[0404] The light-emitting element may include an electron transport region that is in direct contact with the second electrode or the charge generation unit.

[0405] According to one embodiment, the electron transport region may include an inorganic insulating material.

[0406] According to one embodiment, the inorganic insulating material may include an alkali metal halide, an alkaline earth metal halide, or any combination thereof.

[0407] According to one embodiment, the inorganic insulating material may be a compound having a wide band gap of about 7 eV or more. Accordingly, the inorganic insulating material may not substantially absorb light.

[0408] Additionally, according to one embodiment, the electron transport region may further include a metal dopant doped into the inorganic insulating material. The metal dopant may include, for example, one or more selected from alkaline earth metals, alloys of alkaline earth metals, lanthanide metals, and alloys of lanthanide metals.

[0409] According to one embodiment, the inorganic insulating material is represented by the following chemical formula X, and the metal dopant can be represented by the following chemical formula Y:

[0410] Chemical Formula X

[0411] A n1 B m1

[0412] <Chemical Formula Y>

[0413] C

[0414] Among the above equations X and Y,

[0415] A and C independently comprise alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, lanthanide metals, or any combination thereof, and

[0416] B is a halogen, and

[0417] n1 and m1 are integers of 1 or more determined independently of each other such that the substance of the chemical formula X is electrically neutral, and

[0418] A and C are different from each other.

[0419] For example, among the above chemical formulas X and Y, A includes Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, or any combination thereof; B includes F, Cl, Br, I, or any combination thereof; n1 and m1 are each 1; and C may include La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, or any combination thereof.

[0420] More specifically, the inorganic insulating material comprises NaI, KI, RbI, CsI, NaCl, KCl, RbCl, CsCl, NaF, KF, RbF, CsF, or any combination thereof, and the metal dopant may comprise La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, or any combination thereof.

[0421] According to one embodiment, the metal dopant may be a compound having a low work function of about 2.6 eV or less.

[0422] According to one embodiment, the inorganic insulating material may be a compound having a wide band gap of about 7 eV or more. Accordingly, the inorganic insulating material may not substantially absorb light.

[0423] [Electron injection layer in the electron transport region]

[0424] According to one embodiment, the electron transport region included in the light-emitting unit of the light-emitting element may further include an electron injection layer. For example, the electron injection layer may be an n-type electron injection layer.

[0425] According to one embodiment, the m-th electron transport region includes an n-type electron injection layer, and the n-type electron injection layer may include the inorganic insulating material.

[0426] According to one embodiment, the n-type electron injection layer may consist of the inorganic insulating material. In this case, the electron injection layer does not include any other material other than the inorganic insulating material.

[0427] According to another embodiment, the n-type electron injection layer may further include a metal dopant.

[0428] Alternatively, for example, the n-type electron injection layer may consist of the inorganic insulating material and the metal dopant.

[0429] Additionally, according to one embodiment, the n-type electron injection layer may be in direct contact with the second electrode. For example, with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, the m-th electron transport region (ET(m)) may include an n-type electron injection layer, and the n-type electron injection layer may be adjacent to the second electrode (190) and may include an inorganic insulating material.

[0430] According to another embodiment, the n-type electron injection layer may be in direct contact with the charge generation unit. For example, with reference to FIG. 4, the (m-1) electron transport region (ET(m-1)) may include an n-type electron injection layer, and the n-type electron injection layer may be adjacent to the (m-1) charge generation unit (CGU(m-1)) and may include an inorganic insulating material.

[0431] In a light-emitting device according to one embodiment, the n-type electron injection layer is composed solely of an inorganic compound and does not contain an organic compound, so charge generation and movement at the interface with the second electrode or charge generation unit are smooth, and the deterioration of the interface between each layer is prevented, thereby preventing an increase in the driving voltage. Accordingly, the light-emitting device can provide an improved lifespan and / or brightness.

[0432] The volume of the inorganic insulating material in the electron transport region may be greater than or equal to the volume of the metal dopant. For example, the volume of the metal dopant in 100 volume parts of the electron injection layer may be 0 to 40 volume parts.

[0433] According to one embodiment, the volume ratio of the metal dopant to the inorganic insulating material may be 100:0 to 70:30. If the above range is satisfied, the metal dopant may be sufficient to compensate for light absorption due to the narrow band gap of the inorganic insulating material.

[0434] The thickness of the n-type electron injection layer may be 0.1 nm to 5 nm. If the above-described range is satisfied, satisfactory electron injection characteristics can be obtained without a substantial increase in driving voltage.

[0435] [Electronic transport layer within the electron transport region]

[0436] The light-emitting element may further include an electron transport layer in the electron transport region of the light-emitting unit. For example, the light-emitting element may include an electron transport layer in direct contact with the light-emitting layer.

[0437] The above electron transport layer may include one or more selected from electron transportable organic compounds.

[0438] According to one embodiment, the electron transport layer may further include an alkali metal halide, an alkaline earth metal halide, a lanthanide metal halide, or any combination thereof.

[0439] Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, the m-th electron transport region (ET(m)) may include a m-th electron transport layer, and the m-th electron transport layer may include an electron transportable organic compound.

[0440] Additionally, for example, the electron transport layer may further include an alkali metal halide, an alkaline earth metal halide, a lanthanide metal halide, an alkali metal organic complex, an alkaline earth metal organic complex, an lanthanide metal organic complex, or any combination thereof.

[0441] In this specification, "electron-transporting organic compound" means a metal-free compound containing at least one π electron-deficient nitrogen ring.

[0442] The above "π electron-deficient nitrogen ring" is a C1-C ring having at least one *-N=*' moiety as a ring-forming moiety. 60 It refers to a heterocyclic group.

[0443] For example, the "π electron-deficient nitrogen-containing ring" is i) a 5- to 7-membered heteromonocyclic group having at least one *-N=*' moiety, ii) a heteropolycyclic group in which two or more of the 5- to 7-membered heteromonocyclic groups having at least one *-N=*' moiety are condensed together, or iii) at least one of the 5- to 7-membered heteromonocyclic groups having at least one *-N=*' moiety and at least one C5-C 60 Carbocyclic groups can be heterocyclic groups condensed together.

[0444] Specific examples of the above π electron-deficient nitrogen-containing ring include, but are not limited to, imidazole, pyrazol, thiazole, isothiazol, oxazole, isoxazole, pyridine, pyrazine, pyridazine, indazole, purine, quinoline, isoquinoline, benzoquinoline, phthalazine, naphthiridine, quinoxaline, quinazolin, sinoline, phenanthridine, acridine, phenanthroline, phenazine, benzimidazole, isobenzothiazol, benzoxazole, isobenzoxazole, triazole, tetrazole, oxadiazole, triazine, thiadiazole, imidazopyridine, imidazopyrimidine, azacarbazole, etc.

[0445] Specifically, in this specification, "electron-transporting organic compound" may include a compound represented by the following chemical formula 601:

[0446] <Chemical Formula 601>

[0447] [Ar 601 ] xe11 -[(L 601 ) xe1 -R 601 ] xe21

[0448] Among the above chemical formula 601,

[0449] Ar 601 C5-C with substituted or unsubstituted 60 Carbocyclic groups or substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 It is a heterocyclic group, and

[0450] xe11 is 1, 2, or 3, and

[0451] L 601 C3-C with substituted or unsubstituted components 10 Cycloalkylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryllene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Selected from a heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, and

[0452] xe1 is selected from integers 0 to 5, and

[0453] R 601 C3-C with substituted or unsubstituted components 10 Cycloalkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl group, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, -Si(Q 601 )(Q 602 )(Q 603 ), - -C(=O)(Q 601 ), -S(=O)2(Q 601 ) and -P(=O)(Q 601 )(Q 602 Selected from ),

[0454] Above Q 601 to Q 603 are independently of each other, C1-C 10 Alkyl group, C1-C 10 It is an alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, or a naphthyl group, and

[0455] xe21 is selected from integers 1 to 5.

[0456] According to one embodiment, the xe11 Ar 601 and xe21's R 601 At least one of them may include a π electron-deficient nitrogen ring as described above.

[0457] According to one embodiment, among the formula 601, Ar 601 silver,

[0458] Benzene group, Naphthalene group, Fluorene group, Spiro-bifluorene group, Benzofluorene group, Dibenzofluorene group, Phenalene group, Phenanthrene group, Anthracene group, Fluoranthen group, Triphenylene group, Pyrene group, Chrysen group, Naphthacene group, Fissen group, Perylene group, Pentaphene group, Indenoanthracene group, Dibenzofuran group, Dibenzothiophene group, Carbazole group, Imidazole group, Pyrazol group, Thiazole group, Isothiazole group, Oxazole group, Isoxazole group, Pyridine group, Pyrazine group, Pyrimidine group, Pyridazine group, Indazole group, Purine group, Quinoline group, Isoquinoline group, Benzoquinoline group, Phthalasine group, Naphthiridine group, Quinoxaline group, Quinazolin group, Sinolin group, Phenanthridine group, acridine group, phenanthroline group, phenazine group, benzimidazole group, isobenzothiazole group, benzoxazole group, isobenzoxazole group, triazole group, tetrazole group, oxadiazole group, triazine group, thiadiazole group, imidazopyridine group, imidazopyrimidine group and azacarbazole group; and

[0459] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amido group, hydrazino group, hydrazono group, C1-C 20 Alkyl group, C1-C 20 Alkoxy group, phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, naphthyl group, -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), -S(=O)2(Q 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 Substituted with at least one selected from ), benzene group, naphthalene group, fluorene group, spiro-bifluorene group, benzofluorene group, dibenzofluorene group, phenalene group, phenanthrene group, anthracene group, fluoranthene group, triphenylene group, pyrene group, chrysene group, naphthacene group, fisene group, perylene group, pentapene group, indenoanthracene group, dibenzofuran group, dibenzothiophen group, carbazole group, imidazole group, pyrazol group, thiazole group, isothiaazole group, oxazole group, isoxazole group, pyridine group, pyrazine group, pyrimidine group, pyridazine group, indazole group, purine group, quinoline group, isoquinoline group, benzoquinoline group, phthalazine group, naphthiridine group, quinoxaline group, quinazolin group, Sinolin group, phenanthridine group, acridine group, phenanthroline group, phenazine group, benzimidazole group, isobenzothiazole group, benzoxazole group, isobenzoxazole group, triazole group, tetrazole group, oxadiazole group, triazine group, thiadiazole group, imidazopyridine group, imidazopyrimidine group and azacarbazole group;

[0460] It can be selected from among,

[0461] Above Q 31 to Q 33 are independently of each other, C1-C 10 Alkyl group, C1-C 10 It can be selected from alkoxy groups, phenyl groups, biphenyl groups, terphenyl groups, and naphthyl groups.

[0462] In the above chemical formula 601, if xe11 is 2 or more, 2 or more Ar 601 They can be connected to each other through a single bond.

[0463] According to another embodiment, Ar in the above formula 601 601 It may be an anthracene group.

[0464] According to another embodiment, the compound represented by the formula 601 above may be represented by the following formula 601-1:

[0465] <Chemical Formula 601-1>

[0466]

[0467] In the above chemical formula 601-1,

[0468] X 614 is N or C(R 614 ) and, X 615 is N or C(R 615 ) and, X 616 is N or C(R 616 ) and, X 614 To X 616 At least one of them is N, and

[0469] L 611 to L 613 are independently of each other, the above L 601 Refer to the explanation for,

[0470] xe611 to xe613 independently refer to the description of xe1 above, and

[0471] R 611 to R 613 are independently of each other, the above R 601 Refer to the explanation for,

[0472] R 614 to R 616 They are independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amido group, hydrazino group, hydrazono group, C1-C 20 Alkyl group, C1-C 20 It can be selected from alkoxy groups, phenyl groups, biphenyl groups, terphenyl groups, and naphthyl groups.

[0473] According to one embodiment, L in the formulas 601 and 601-1 601 and L 611 to L 613 are independently of each other,

[0474] Phenylene group, Naphtylene group, Fluorenylene group, Spiro-bifluorenylene group, Benzofluorenylene group, Dibenzofluorenylene group, Phenanthrenylene group, Anthracenylene group, Fluoranthenylene group, Triphenylenylene group, Pyrenylene group, Chrysenylene group, Perylenylene group, Pentaphenylene group, Hexacenylene group, Pentacenylene group, Thiophenylene group, Furanylene group, Carbazolylene group, Indolylene group, Isoindolelene group, Benzofuranylene group, Benzothiophenylene group, Dibenzofuranylene group, Dibenzothiophenylene group, Benzocarbazoylene group, Dibenzocarbazoylene group, Dibenzosylrolyllene group, Pyridinylene group, Imidazoylene group, Pyrazoylene group, Thiazoylene group, Isothiazolelene group, oxazolelene group, isoxazolelene group, thiadiazolelene group, oxadiazolelene group, pyrazinylene group, pyrimidinylene group, pyridazineylene group, triazineylene group, quinolinylene group, isoquinolinylene group, benzoquinolinylene group, phthalazineylene group, naphthiridinylene group, quinoxalinylene group, quinazolinylene group, sinolinylene group, phenantridinylene group, acrididinylene group, phenanthrolinylene group, phenazineylene group, benzimidazolelene group, isobenzothiazolelene group, benzoxazolelene group, isobenzoxazolelene group, triazolelene group, tetrazolylene group, imidazopyridinylene group, imidazopyrimidinylene group and Azacarbazolelene group; and

[0475] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amido group, hydrazino group, hydrazono group, C1-C 20 Alkyl group, C1-C 20 Alkoxy group, phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, naphthyl group, fluorenyl group, spiro-bifluorenyl group, benzoflurenyl group, dibenzoflurenyl group, phenanthrenyl group, anthracenyl group, fluoranthenyl group, triphenylenyl group, pyrenyl group, chrysenyl group, perylenyl group, pentaphenyl group, hexacenyl group, pentacenyl group, thiophenyl group, furanyl group, carbazoleyl group, indoleyl group, isoindoleyl group, benzofuranyl group, benzothiophenyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, dibenzothiophenyl group, benzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzosilolyl group, pyridinyl group, imidazoleyl group, pyrazolyl group, thiazoleyl group, isothiaazoleyl group, oxazoleyl group, isoxazoleyl group, phenylene group, naphthylene group, fluorenylene group, spiro-bifluorenylene group substituted with at least one selected from thiadiazoleyl group, oxadiazoleyl group, pyrazinyl group, pyrimidinyl group, pyridazinyl group, triazinyl group, quinolinyl group, isoquinolinyl group, benzoquinolinyl group, phthalazinyl group, naphthyridinyl group, quinoxalinyl group, quinazolinyl group, cinolinyl group, phenantridinyl group, acrridinyl group, phenanthrolinyl group, phenazinyl group, benzimidazoleyl group, isobenzothiazoleyl group, benzoxazoleyl group, isobenzoxazoleyl group, triazoleyl group, tetrazoleyl group, imidazopyridinyl group, imidazopyrimidinyl group and azacarbazoleyl group, phenylene group, naphthylene group, fluorenylene group, spiro-bifluorenylene group, substituted with at least one selected from thiadiazoleyl group, isobenzothiazoleyl group, benzoxazoleyl group, isobenzoxazoleyl group, triazoleyl group, tetrazoleyl group, imidazopyridinyl group, imidazopyrimidinyl group and azacarbazoleyl group, Benzofluorenylene group, dibenzofluorenylene group, phenanthrenylene group, anthracenylene group, fluoranthenylene group, triphenylenylene group, pyrenylene group, chrysenylene group, perylenylene group, pentaphenylene group, hexacenylene group, pentacenylene group, thiophenylene group, furanylene group, carbazoylene group, indolylene group, isoindoylene group, benzofuranylene group, benzothiophenylene group, dibenzofuranylene group, dibenzothiophenylene group, benzocarbazoylene group, dibenzocarbazoylene group, dibenzosylrolylene group, pyridinylene group, imidazoylene group, pyrazoylene group, thiazoylene group, isothiazolylene group, oxazoylene group, isoxazoylene group, thiadiazoylene group, Oxadiazolelene group, pyrazinylene group, pyrimidinylene group, pyridazinylene group, triazinylene group, quinolinylene group, isoquinolinylene group, benzoquinolinylene group, phthalazinylene group, naphthalidinylene group, quinoxalinylene group, quinazolinylene group, sinolinylene group,Phenanthridinylene group, acridinylene group, phenanthrolinylene group, phenaginylene group, benzimidazoleylene group, isobenzothiazoleylene group, benzoxazolyllene group, isobenzoxazolyllene group, triazoleylene group, tetrazolylene group, imidazopyridinylene group, imidazopyridinylene group and azacarbazolyllene group;,

[0476] It may be selected from among these, but is not limited thereto.

[0477] According to another embodiment, xe1 and xe611 to xe613 in the above formulas 601 and 601-1 may be 0, 1, or 2 independently of each other.

[0478] According to another embodiment, R in the above chemical formulas 601 and 601-1 601 and R 611 to R 613 are independently of each other,

[0479] Phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, naphthyl group, fluorenyl group, spiro-bifluorenyl group, benzoflurenyl group, dibenzoflurenyl group, phenanthrenyl group, anthracenyl group, fluoranthenyl group, triphenylenyl group, pyrenyl group, chrysenyl group, perylenyl group, pentaphenyl group, hexacenyl group, pentacenyl group, thiophenyl group, furanyl group, carbazoleyl group, indoleyl group, isoindoleyl group, benzofuranyl group, benzothiophenyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, dibenzothiophenyl group, benzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzosilolyl group, pyridinyl group, imidazoleyl group, pyrazolyl group, thiazoleyl group, isothiaazoleyl group, oxazoleyl group, isoxazoleyl group, Thiadiazole yl group, oxadiazole yl group, pyrazinyl group, pyrimidinyl group, pyridazinyl group, triazinyl group, quinolinyl group, isoquinolinyl group, benzoquinolinyl group, phthalazinyl group, naphthiridinyl group, quinoxalinyl group, quinazolinyl group, cinolinyl group, phenantridinyl group, acrridinyl group, phenanthrolinyl group, phenazinyl group, benzimidazole yl group, isobenzothiazole yl group, benzoxazole yl group, isobenzoxazole yl group, triazole yl group, tetrazole yl group, imidazopyridinyl group, imidazopyrimidinyl group and azacarbazole yl group;

[0480] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amido group, hydrazino group, hydrazono group, C1-C 20 Alkyl group, C1-C 20 Alkoxy group, phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, naphthyl group, fluorenyl group, spiro-bifluorenyl group, benzoflurenyl group, dibenzoflurenyl group, phenanthrenyl group, anthracenyl group, fluoranthenyl group, triphenylenyl group, pyrenyl group, chrysenyl group, perylenyl group, pentaphenyl group, hexacenyl group, pentacenyl group, thiophenyl group, furanyl group, carbazoleyl group, indoleyl group, isoindoleyl group, benzofuranyl group, benzothiophenyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, dibenzothiophenyl group, benzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzosilolyl group, pyridinyl group, imidazoleyl group, pyrazolyl group, thiazoleyl group, isothiaazoleyl group, oxazoleyl group, isoxazoleyl group, phenyl group, biphenyl group, terphenyl group, naphthyl group, fluorenyl group, spiro-bifluorenyl group substituted with at least one selected from thiadiazoleyl group, oxadiazoleyl group, pyrazinyl group, pyrimidinyl group, pyridazinyl group, triazinyl group, quinolinyl group, isoquinolinyl group, benzoquinolinyl group, phthalazinyl group, naphthiridinyl group, quinoxalinyl group, quinazolinyl group, cinolinyl group, phenantridinyl group, acrridinyl group, phenanthrolinyl group, phenazinyl group, benzimidazoleyl group, isobenzothiazoleyl group, benzoxazoleyl group, isobenzoxazoleyl group, triazoleyl group, tetrazoleyl group, imidazopyridinyl group, imidazopyrimidinyl group and azacarbazoleyl group, Benzofluorenyl group, dibenzoflurenyl group, phenanthrenyl group, anthracenyl group, fluoranthenyl group, triphenylenyl group, pyrenyl group, chrysenyl group, perylenyl group, pentaphenyl group, hexacenyl group, pentacenyl group, thiophenyl group, furanyl group, carbazoleyl group, indoleyl group, isoindoleyl group, benzofuranyl group, benzothiophenyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, dibenzothiophenyl group, benzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzocarbazoleyl group, dibenzosilolyl group, pyridinyl group, imidazoleyl group, pyrazolyl group, thiazoleyl group, isothiaazoleyl group, oxazolyl group, isoxazolyl group, thiadiazoleyl group, oxadiazoleyl group, pyrazinyl group, pyrimidinyl group, pyridazinyl group, Triazinyl group, quinolinyl group, isoquinolinyl group, benzoquinolinyl group, phthalazinyl group, naphthalidinyl group, quinoxalinyl group, quinazolinyl group, cinolinyl group, phenanthridinyl group, acrridinyl group, phenanthrolinyl group, phenazinyl group,Benzimidazole yl group, isobenzothiazole yl group, benzoxazole yl group, isobenzoxazole yl group, triazole yl group, tetrazole yl group, imidazopyrimidinyl group, imidazopyrimidinyl group and azacarbazole yl group; and,

[0481] -S(=O)2(Q 601 ) and -P(=O)(Q 601 )(Q 602 );

[0482] Selected from among,

[0483] Above Q 601 and Q 602 Refer to the description of as set forth in this specification.

[0484] The above electron transport region may include at least one compound selected from the following compounds ET1 to ET36, but is not limited thereto:

[0485]

[0486]

[0487]

[0488]

[0489]

[0490]

[0491]

[0492]

[0493]

[0494]

[0495]

[0496]

[0497] Alternatively, the electron transport region is BCP(2,9-Dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline), Bphen(4,7-Diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline) ) , Alq3, BAlq, TAZ(3-(Biphenyl-4-yl)-5-(4- tert -butylphenyl)-4-phenyl-4 H It may include at least one compound selected from -1,2,4-triazole) and NTAZ.

[0498]

[0499] According to one embodiment, the electron transport layer may further include the metal-containing material described below.

[0500] For example, the electron transport layer comprises the electron transportable organic compound and the metal-containing material, and among 100 parts by volume of the electron transport layer, the electron transportable organic compound may be included in an amount of 50 parts by volume or more, or 50 parts by volume to 99 parts by volume.

[0501] The thickness of the electron transport layer may be 0.1 nm to 10 nm. If the above-described range is satisfied, satisfactory electron transport characteristics can be obtained without a substantial increase in driving voltage.

[0502] [Metal-containing materials in the electron transport domain]

[0503] The electron transport region may further include a metal-containing material in addition to the material described above. For example, the electron transport region may further include a metal-containing material, and the metal-containing material may include at least one selected from an alkali metal complex and an alkaline earth metal complex.

[0504] The ligands coordinated to the metal ions of the alkali metal complex and the alkaline earth metal complex may be independently selected from, but are not limited to, hydroxyquinoline, hydroxyisoquinoline, hydroxybenzoquinoline, hydroxyacridine, hydroxyphenanthridine, hydroxyphenyloxazole, hydroxyphenylthiazole, hydroxydiphenyloxadiazole, hydroxydiphenylthiadiazole, hydroxyphenylpyridine, hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, hydroxyphenylbenzothiazole, bipyridine, phenanthroline, and cyclopentadiene.

[0505] For example, the metal-containing material may include a Li complex. The Li complex may include, for example, the following compounds ET-D1 (lithium quinolate, LiQ) or ET-D2.

[0506]

[0507] [Second electrode (190)]

[0508] A second electrode (190) is disposed on the m-emissive unit as described above. The second electrode (190) may be a cathode, which is an electron injection electrode. In this case, a metal, alloy, electrically conductive compound, and a combination thereof having a low work function may be used as the material for the second electrode (190).

[0509] The second electrode (190) may include at least one selected from lithium (Li), silver (Ag), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), ITO, and IZO, but is not limited thereto. The second electrode (190) may be a transmissive electrode, a semi-transmissive electrode, or a reflective electrode.

[0510] The second electrode (190) may have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure having multiple layers.

[0511] The thickness of the second electrode may be 5 nm to 20 nm. When the above range is satisfied, light absorption at the second electrode can be minimized, and satisfactory electron injection characteristics can be obtained without a substantial increase in driving voltage.

[0512] [device]

[0513] The light-emitting element described above can be used in various devices.

[0514] Accordingly, according to another aspect, a device including the light-emitting element is provided.

[0515] The above device may be, for example, a light-emitting device, an authentication device, or an electronic device, but is not limited thereto.

[0516] [Light-emitting device]

[0517] Referring to FIG. 5, a light-emitting device (3) according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

[0518] The light-emitting device (3) may have a color filter (340) positioned in at least one direction of travel of the light emitted from the light-emitting element.

[0519] According to one embodiment, the color filter (340) and the light-emitting element can be directly bonded by an adhesive layer, etc.

[0520] According to one embodiment, the color filter (340) and the light-emitting element may be spaced apart from each other. For example, a filling layer composed of an insulating layer or an air layer containing a transparent material may be disposed between the color filter (340) and the light-emitting element.

[0521] For example, the light-emitting element may include a first electrode (321), a first light-emitting unit (322), a first charge-generating unit (not shown), a second light-emitting unit (323), and a second electrode (324). For example, the first light-emitting unit (322) and the second light-emitting unit (323) may each emit blue light, but are not limited thereto.

[0522] The first substrate (310) of the light-emitting device may have a plurality of subpixel regions, and the color filter (340) may have a plurality of color filter regions (341, 342, 343) corresponding to each of the plurality of subpixel regions. A pixel defining film (330) may be formed between the plurality of subpixel regions to define each subpixel region. A light-blocking pattern (344) may be formed between the plurality of color filter regions of the color filter (340).

[0523] The plurality of color filter regions includes a first color filter region (341) that emits a first color light; a second color filter region (342) that emits a second color light; and a third color filter region (343) that emits a third color light, wherein the first color light, the second color light, and the third color light may have different maximum emission wavelengths. For example, the first color light may be red light, the second color light may be green light, and the third color light may be blue light, but is not limited thereto.

[0524] For example, the plurality of color filter regions (341, 342, 343) may each include quantum dots, but are not limited thereto. Specifically, the first color filter region (341) may include red quantum dots, the second color filter region (342) may include green quantum dots, and the third color filter region (343) may not include quantum dots.

[0525] For a description of quantum dots, refer to the above.

[0526] The first color filter region (341), the second color filter region (342), and the third color filter region (343) may each further include a scatterer, but are not limited thereto.

[0527] According to one embodiment, the light-emitting element emits a first light, the first color filter region absorbs the first light to emit a first-1 color light, the second color filter region absorbs the first light to emit a second-1 color light, and the third color filter region absorbs the first light to emit a third-1 color light. At this time, the first-1 color light, the second-1 color light, and the third-1 color light may have different maximum emission wavelengths. Specifically, the first light may be blue light, the first-1 color light may be red light, the second-1 color light may be green light, and the third-1 color light may be blue light, but is not limited thereto.

[0528] The light-emitting device may further include a thin-film transistor in addition to the light-emitting element described above. The thin-film transistor may include a source electrode, a drain electrode, and an active layer, and either one of the source electrode and the drain electrode may be electrically connected to either one of the first electrode and the second electrode of the light-emitting element.

[0529] The above thin-film transistor may further include a gate electrode, a gate insulating film, etc.

[0530] The above active layer may include crystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, organic semiconductors, oxide semiconductors, etc., but is not limited thereto.

[0531] The light-emitting device may further include a sealing portion that seals a light-emitting element. The sealing portion may be interposed between the color filter and the light-emitting element. The sealing portion enables an image to be formed from the light-emitting element and blocks external air and moisture from penetrating into the light-emitting element. The sealing portion may be a sealing substrate comprising a transparent glass or plastic substrate. The sealing portion may be a thin film encapsulation layer comprising a plurality of organic layers and / or a plurality of inorganic layers. If the sealing portion is a thin film encapsulation layer, the entire flat panel display device may be made flexible.

[0532] The above-mentioned light-emitting device can be used for various displays, light sources, etc.

[0533] [Authentication Device]

[0534] The above authentication device may be a biometric authentication device that authenticates an individual using biometric information (e.g., fingertip, pupil, etc.).

[0535] The authentication device described above may further include means for collecting biometric information in addition to the light-emitting element described above.

[0536] [Electronic device]

[0537] The above electronic device may be applied to personal computers (e.g., mobile personal computers), mobile phones, digital cameras, electronic notebooks, electronic dictionaries, electronic game consoles, medical devices (e.g., electronic thermometers, blood pressure monitors, blood glucose meters, pulse measuring devices, pulse wave measuring devices, electrocardiogram display devices, ultrasound diagnostic devices, endoscope display devices), fish finders, various measuring instruments, instruments (e.g., instruments for vehicles, aircraft, and ships), projectors, etc., but is not limited thereto.

[0538] [Manufacturing Method]

[0539] Each layer included in the light-emitting unit and each layer included in the charge-generating unit can be formed in a predetermined area using various methods such as vacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, LB method (Langmuir-Blodgett), inkjet printing, laser printing, laser induced thermal imaging (LITI), etc.

[0540] When each layer included in the light-emitting unit and each layer included in the charge-generating unit are respectively formed by vacuum deposition, the deposition conditions are, for example, a deposition temperature of about 100°C to about 500°C, about 10 -8 torr to about 10 -3 Within a vacuum level of torr and a deposition rate range of about 0.01 Å / sec to about 100 Å / sec, the material to be included in the layer to be formed and the structure of the layer to be formed can be selected.

[0541] When each layer included in the light-emitting unit and each layer included in the charge-generating unit are formed by spin coating, the coating conditions may be selected, for example, within a coating speed of about 2000 rpm to about 5000 rpm and a heat treatment temperature range of about 80°C to 200°C, taking into consideration the material to be included in the layer to be formed and the structure of the layer to be formed.

[0542] [General Definition of Substituents]

[0543] C1-C in this specification 60 An alkyl group refers to a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon monovalent group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms, and specific examples include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, a ter-butyl group, a pentyl group, an iso-amyl group, a hexyl group, etc. In this specification, C1-C 60 The alkylene group is the C1-C 60 It refers to a divalent group having the same structure as an alkyl group.

[0544] C2-C in this specification 60 The alkenyl group is the above C2-C 60 It refers to a hydrocarbon group comprising one or more carbon double bonds at the middle or terminal end of an alkyl group, and specific examples thereof include ethenyl groups, propenyl groups, butenyl groups, etc. In this specification, C2-C 60 The alkenylene group is the above C2-C 60 It refers to a divalent group having the same structure as an alkenyl group.

[0545] C2-C in this specification 60 The alkynyl group is the above C2-C 60 It refers to a hydrocarbon group comprising one or more carbon triple bonds at the middle or terminal end of an alkyl group, and specific examples thereof include ethynyl groups, propynyl groups, etc. In this specification, C2-C 60 The alkynylene group is the above C2-C 60 It refers to a divalent group having the same structure as an alkynyl group.

[0546] C1-C in this specification 60 The alkoxy group is -OA 101 (Here, A 101 The above C1-C 60 It refers to a monovalent group having the chemical formula of an alkyl group, and specific examples thereof include methoxy groups, ethoxy groups, isopropyloxy groups, etc.

[0547] C3-C in this specification 10 A cycloalkyl group refers to a monocyclic saturated hydrocarbon group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and specific examples thereof include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, etc. In this specification, C3-C 10 The cycloalkylene group is the C3-C 10 It refers to a divalent group having the same structure as a cycloalkyl group.

[0548] C1-C in this specification 10 A heterocycloalkyl group refers to a monovalent monocyclic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms comprising at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a ring-forming atom, and specific examples thereof include a 1,2,3,4-oxatriazolidinyl group, a tetrahydrofuranyl group, a tetrahydrothiophenyl group, etc. In this specification, C1-C 10 The heterocycloalkylene group is the C1-C 10 It refers to a divalent group having the same structure as a heterocycloalkyl group.

[0549] C3-C in this specification 10 A cycloalkenyl group refers to a monovalent monocyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, having at least one double bond within the ring, but not having aromaticity; specific examples thereof include cyclopentenyl groups, cyclohexenyl groups, cycloheptenyl groups, etc. In this specification, C3-C 10 The cycloalkenylene group is the above C3-C 10 It refers to a divalent group having the same structure as a cycloalkenyl group.

[0550] C1-C in this specification 10 The heterocycloalkenyl group is a monovalent monocyclic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, comprising at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a ring-forming atom, and having at least one double bond within the ring. The C1-C 10 Specific examples of heterocycloalkenyl groups include 4,5-dihydro-1,2,3,4-oxatriazoleyl groups, 2,3-dihydrofuranyl groups, 2,3-dihydrothiophenyl groups, etc. In this specification, C1-C 10 The heterocycloalkenylene group is the above C1-C 10 It refers to a divalent group having the same structure as a heterocycloalkenyl group.

[0551] C6-C in this specification 60 An aryl group refers to a monovalent group having a carbocyclic aromatic system with 6 to 60 carbon atoms, and C6-C 60 An arylene group refers to a divalent group having a carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms. The above C6-C 60 Specific examples of aryl groups include phenyl groups, naphthyl groups, anthracenyl groups, phenanthrenyl groups, pyrenyl groups, chrysenyl groups, etc. The above C6-C 60 Aryl group and C6-C 60 If the arylene group contains two or more rings, the two or more rings can be condensed together.

[0552] C1-C in this specification 60 A heteroaryl group refers to a monovalent group having a heterocyclic aromatic system having 1 to 60 carbon atoms, comprising at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a ring-forming atom, and C1-C 60 A heteroarylene group refers to a divalent group having a heterocyclic aromatic system having 1 to 60 carbon atoms, comprising at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a ring-forming atom. The C1-C 60 Specific examples of heteroaryl groups include pyridinyl groups, pyrimidinyl groups, pyrazinyl groups, pyridazinyl groups, triazinyl groups, quinolinyl groups, isoquinolinyl groups, etc. The above C1-C 60 heteroaryl group and C1-C 60 When a heteroarylene group contains two or more rings, the two or more rings can be condensed together.

[0553] C6-C in this specification 60 The aryloxy group is -OA 102 (Here, A 102 is the above C6-C 60 Pointing to arylgime), and the above C6-C 60 arylthio is -SA 103 (Here, A 103 The above C6-C 60 It refers to the Arilgigiim).

[0554] C1-C in this specification 60 The heteroaryloxy group is -OA 104 (Here, A 104 is the above C1-C 60 (which is a heteroaryl group) pointing to, and the above C1-C 60 Heteroaryltio groups -SA 105 (Here, A 105 is the above C1-C 60 It refers to a heteroaryl group.

[0555] In this specification, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group refers to a monovalent group (e.g., having 8 to 60 carbon atoms) in which two or more rings are condensed together, and the entire molecule contains only carbon as a ring-forming atom and has non-aromaticity. Specific examples of the monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group include fluorenyl groups, etc. In this specification, a divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group refers to a divalent group having the same structure as the monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group.

[0556] In this specification, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group refers to a monovalent group (e.g., having 1 to 60 carbon atoms) in which two or more rings are condensed together, and the entire molecule is non-aromatic, comprising at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S in addition to carbon as a ring-forming atom. Specific examples of the monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed heteropolycyclic group include a carbazole group, etc. In this specification, a divalent non-aromatic heterocondensed heteropolycyclic group refers to a divalent group having the same structure as the monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed heteropolycyclic group.

[0557] C5-C in this specification 60 A carbocyclic group refers to a monocyclic or polycyclic group having 5 to 60 carbon atoms, containing only carbon as a ring-forming atom. The above C5-C 60 The carbocyclic group may be an aromatic carbocyclic group or a non-aromatic carbocyclic group. The above C5-C 60 The carbocyclic group may be a ring such as benzene, a monovalent group such as a phenyl group, or a divalent group such as a phenylene group. Or, the above C5-C 60 Depending on the number of substituents connected to the carbocyclic group, the above C5-C 60 Carbocyclic groups can be various variations, such as being trivalent or tetravalent groups.

[0558] C1-C in this specification 60 A heterocyclic group refers to the above C5-C 60 It means a group having the same structure as a carbocyclic group, but including at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P and S as a ring-forming atom, in addition to carbon (the number of carbon atoms may be 1 to 60).

[0559] In this specification, the substituted C5-C 60 Carbocyclic group, substituted C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene group, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkylene group, substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenylene group, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenylene group, substituted C6-C 60 Aryllene group, substituted C1-C 60 Heteroarylene group, substituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, substituted divalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, substituted C1-C 60 Alkyl groups, substituted C2-C 60 alkenyl group, substituted C2-C 60 alkynyl group, substituted C1-C 60 Alkoxy group, substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl group, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl group, substituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl group, substituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl group, substituted C6-C 60 Aryl group, substituted C6-C 60 aryloxy group, substituted C6-C 60 Arylthio group, substituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl group, substituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryloxy group, substituted C1-C 60 At least one of the heteroarylthio group, the substituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and the substituent of the substituted monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group is,

[0560] Deuterium (-D), -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amido group, hydrazino group, hydrazono group, C1-C 60 Alkyl group, C2-C 60 alkenyl group, C2-C 60 alkynyl group and C1-C 60 Alkoxygenation;

[0561] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amido group, hydrazino group, hydrazono group, C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl group, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl group, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl group, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl group, C6-C 60 Aryl group, C6-C 60 aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio group, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl group, C1-C 60 Heteroaryloxy group, C1-C 60 Heteroarylthio group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, -Si(Q 11 )(Q 12 )(Q 13 ), -N(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), -B(Q 11 )(Q 12 ), -C(=O)(Q 11 ), -S(=O)2(Q 11 ) and -P(=O)(Q 11 )(Q 12 C1-C substituted with at least one selected from ) 60 Alkyl group, C2-C 60 alkenyl group, C2-C 60 alkynyl group and C1-C 60 Alkoxygenation;

[0562] C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl group, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl group, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl group, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl group, C6-C 60 Aryl group, C6-C 60 aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio group, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl group, C1-C 60 Heteroaryloxy group, C1-C 60 Heteroarylthio group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group;

[0563] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amido group, hydrazino group, hydrazono group, C1-C 60 Alkyl group, C2-C 60 alkenyl group, C2-C 60 alkynyl group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy group, C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl group, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl group, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl group, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl group, C6-C 60 Aryl group, C6-C 60 aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio group, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl group, C1-C 60 Heteroaryloxy group, C1-C 60 Heteroarylthio group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, -Si(Q 21 )(Q 22 )(Q 23 ), -N(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), -B(Q 21 )(Q 22 ), -C(=O)(Q 21 ), -S(=O)2(Q 21 ) and -P(=O)(Q 21 )(Q 22 C3-C substituted with at least one selected from ) 10 Cycloalkyl group, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl group, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl group, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl group, C6-C 60 Aryl group, C6-C 60 aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio group, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl group, C1-C 60 Heteroaryloxy group, C1-C 60 Heteroarylthio group, monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group; and

[0564] -Si(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 ), -N(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -B(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), -C(=O)(Q 31 ), -S(=O)2(Q 31 ) and -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 );

[0565] Selected from among,

[0566] Above Q 11 to Q 13 , Q 21 to Q 23 and Q 31 to Q 33 They are independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amido group, hydrazino group, hydrazono group, C1-C 60 Alkyl group, C2-C 60 alkenyl group, C2-C 60 alkynyl group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy group, C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl group, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl group, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl group, C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl group, C6-C 60 Aryl group, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl group, C1-C 60 Heteroaryloxy group, C1-C 60 C1-C substituted with at least one selected from a heteroarylthio group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, deuterium, -F, and a cyano group 60 C6-C substituted with at least one selected from alkyl groups, deuterium, -F, and cyano groups 60 It can be selected from aryl groups, biphenyl groups, and terphenyl groups.

[0567] In this specification, "Ph" means a phenyl group, "Me" means a methyl group, "Et" means an ethyl group, and "ter-Bu" or "Bu t " represents the tert-butyl group, and "OMe" represents the methoxy group.

[0568] In this specification, "biphenyl group" means "phenyl group substituted with a phenyl group." The "biphenyl group" is a substituent of "C6-C 60 It belongs to the "substituted phenyl group" which is an "aryl group".

[0569] In this specification, "terphenyl group" means "phenyl group substituted with a biphenyl group." The "terphenyl group" is a substituent of "C6-C 60 C6-C substituted with aryl groups 60 It belongs to the "substituted phenyl group" which is an "aryl group".

[0570] In this specification, * and *' refer to bonding sites with adjacent atoms in the corresponding chemical formulas, unless otherwise defined.

[0571] Hereinafter, a light-emitting element according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to synthesis examples and embodiments.

[0572] [Example]

[0573] Example 1

[0574] 15Ω / cm 2 A (1200Å) ITO / Ag / ITO glass substrate (Corning product) was cut into 50mm x 50mm x 0.7mm pieces, ultrasonically cleaned with isopropyl alcohol and pure water for 5 minutes each, then cleaned by irradiating with ultraviolet light and exposing to ozone for 30 minutes, and installed in a vacuum deposition apparatus.

[0575] After depositing HT3 to a thickness of 1.7 nm on the ITO / Ag / ITO anode of the glass substrate, a hole injection layer with a thickness of 8 nm is formed by co-depositing HT3 and CuI in a volume ratio of 97:3, a first hole transport layer with a thickness of 24 nm is formed by depositing HT3 on the hole injection layer, a second hole transport layer with a thickness of 5 nm is formed by depositing TCTA on the first hole transport layer, a emitting layer with a thickness of 17 nm is formed by co-depositing H18 and FD23 in a volume ratio of 98:2 on the second hole transport layer, a first electron transport layer with a thickness of 5 nm is formed by T2T on the emitting layer, and a second electron transport layer with a thickness of 25 nm is formed by co-depositing TPM-TAZ and LiQ in a volume ratio of 1:1 on the first electron transport layer, thereby forming a first emitting unit.

[0576] On the first light-emitting unit, a 5 nm thick n-type charge generation layer was formed by co-depositing compounds N1 and Li in a volume ratio of 99:1, and a 5 nm thick p-type charge generation layer was formed by co-depositing HT3 and Bi2Te3 in a volume ratio of 90:10 on the n-type charge generation layer. A 10 nm thick p-type hole injection layer was formed by co-depositing HT3 and CuI in a volume ratio of 90:10 on the p-type charge generation layer, thereby forming a first charge generation unit.

[0577] A first hole transport layer with a thickness of 54 nm is formed by depositing HT3 on the first charge generation unit, a second hole transport layer with a thickness of 5 nm is formed by depositing TCTA on the first hole transport layer, an emitting layer with a thickness of 17 nm is formed by co-depositing H18 and FD23 in a volume ratio of 98:2 on the second hole transport layer, a first electron transport layer with a thickness of 5 nm is formed by depositing T2T on the emitting layer, and a second electron transport layer with a thickness of 25 nm is formed by co-depositing TPM-TAZ and LiQ in a volume ratio of 1:1 on the first electron transport layer, thereby forming a second emitting unit.

[0578] On the second light-emitting unit, a 5 nm thick n-type charge generation layer was formed by co-depositing compounds N1 and Li in a volume ratio of 99:1, and a 5 nm thick p-type charge generation layer was formed by co-depositing HT3 and Bi2Te3 in a volume ratio of 90:10 on the n-type charge generation layer. A 10 nm thick p-type hole injection layer was formed by co-depositing HT3 and CuI in a volume ratio of 90:10 on the p-type charge generation layer, thereby forming a second charge generation unit.

[0579] A third light-emitting unit was formed by depositing HT3 on the second charge generation unit to form a first hole transport layer with a thickness of 44.5 nm, depositing TCTA on the first hole transport layer to form a second hole transport layer with a thickness of 5 nm, co-depositing H18 and FD23 in a volume ratio of 98:2 on the second hole transport layer to form a 17 nm emissive layer, depositing T2T on the emissive layer to form a first electron transport layer with a thickness of 5 nm, co-depositing TPM-TAZ and LiQ in a volume ratio of 1:1 on the first electron transport layer to form a second electron transport layer with a thickness of 35 nm, and co-depositing KI and Yb in a volume ratio of 95:5 on the second electron transport layer to form an electron injection layer with a thickness of 1.1 nm.

[0580] A tandem light-emitting device was fabricated by co-depositing Ag and Mg in a volume ratio of 9:1 on the above third light-emitting unit to form a 12 nm cathode.

[0581]

[0582]

[0583]

[0584] Examples 2 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7

[0585] A light-emitting device was fabricated using the same method as in Example 1 above, except that the materials listed in Table 1 below were used.

[0586] Evaluation Example 2

[0587] The driving voltage, driving voltage change, current efficiency, lifetime, and CIE color coordinates of the light-emitting devices fabricated in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 were measured using a Keithley SMU 236 and a PR650 luminance meter, and the results are shown in Table 1. Lifetime (T 97 ) is the time taken for the luminance (@400 nit) to reach 97% of the initial luminance (100%) after driving the light-emitting element. The change in driving voltage is the difference between the driving voltage measured after 500 hours of driving the light-emitting element and the initial driving voltage.

[0588]

[0589] <Compound A>

[0590]

[0591] From Table 2 above, it can be confirmed that the light-emitting elements of Examples 1 to 5 have a lower driving voltage increase rate than the light-emitting elements of Comparative Examples 1 to 7, and have improved efficiency and lifespan, and in particular, can have a significantly improved lifespan.

[0592] As such, the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings, but this is merely illustrative, and those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and equivalent alternative embodiments are possible therefrom. Accordingly, the true technical scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the technical spirit of the appended claims. Explanation of the symbols

[0593] 1: Light-emitting element 110, 321: First electrode 190, 324: Second electrode 3: Light-emitting device 310: First substrate 322: 1st light-emitting unit 323: Second light-emitting unit 330: Pixel definition membrane 340: Color Filter 341, 342, 343: Color filter area 344: Shading pattern < / hat-cn>

Claims

Claim 1 A light-emitting device comprising a first electrode, a second electrode opposite to the first electrode, and an organic layer interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the organic layer comprises a first light-emitting layer, a second light-emitting layer, and a charge-generating layer interposed between the first light-emitting layer and the second light-emitting layer, wherein the charge-generating layer comprises an organic compound, a metal material, and an inorganic semiconductor material, and the binding energy between the organic compound and the metal material included in the charge-generating layer is 1.25 eV or more. Claim 2 A light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the organic compound comprises a phenanthrene-based compound or a phosphine oxide-based compound. Claim 3 A light-emitting element according to claim 1, wherein the metal material comprises one or more selected from alkali metals, alloys of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, alloys of alkaline earth metals, lanthanide metals, and alloys of lanthanide metals. Claim 4 A light-emitting element according to claim 1, wherein the metal material comprises at least one selected from lithium (Li), sodium (Na), Bi-Li alloy, Bi-Na alloy, ytterbium (Yb), samarium (Sm), urobium (Eu), terbium (Tb), holmium (Ho) and dysprosium (Dy). Claim 5 delete Claim 6 A light-emitting element according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the organic compound to the metal material is 99.9:0.1 to 80:

20. Claim 7 A light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic semiconductor material comprises a post-transition metal, tellurium, a transition metal halide, a transition metal halide, a transition metal telluride, a transition metal telluride, a transition metal sulfide, a transition metal sulfide, a transition metal selenide, a transition metal selenide, or any combination thereof. Claim 8 A light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the charge generating layer further comprises a hole-transporting organic compound. Claim 9 In claim 8, the light-emitting device comprising, independently of each other, at least one selected from a compound represented by the following chemical formula 201 and a compound represented by the following chemical formula 202: <Chemical Formula 201> <Chemical Formula 202> In the above chemical formulas 201 and 202, L 201 to L 204 are independently substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryllene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Selected from a heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, and L 205 은, *-O-*', *-S-*', *-N(Q 201 )-*', substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 20 Alkylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 20 alkenylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryllene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Selected from a heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, xa1 to xa4 are independently selected from integers 0 to 3, xa5 is selected from integers 1 to 10, and R 201 to R 204 and Q 201 C3-C independently of each other, substituted or unsubstituted 10 Cycloalkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 It is selected from a heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group. Claim 10 A light-emitting device according to claim 8, wherein the volume ratio of the hole-transporting organic compound to the inorganic semiconductor material is 99.9:0.1 to 80:

20. Claim 11 A light-emitting device according to claim 1, further comprising a first electron transport region disposed between the first light-emitting layer and the charge-generating layer, or a second electron transport region disposed between the second light-emitting layer and the second electrode, wherein the first electron transport region or the second electron transport region comprises an inorganic insulating material. Claim 12 A light-emitting device according to claim 11, wherein the first electron transport region or the second electron transport region comprises an n-type electron injection layer, and the n-type electron injection layer comprises the inorganic insulating material. Claim 13 A light-emitting device according to claim 12, wherein the n-type electron injection layer is in direct contact with the second electrode. Claim 14 A light-emitting element according to claim 11, wherein the inorganic insulating material comprises an alkali metal halide, an alkaline earth metal halide, a lanthanide metal halide, or any combination thereof. Claim 15 In claim 12, a light-emitting device in which the n-type electron injection layer is made of the inorganic insulating material. Claim 16 A light-emitting device according to claim 12, wherein the n-type electron injection layer further comprises a metal dopant, and the metal dopant comprises one or more selected from alkaline earth metals, alloys of alkaline earth metals, lanthanide metals, and alloys of lanthanide metals. Claim 17 In claim 16, the light-emitting element, wherein the metal dopant is selected from ytterbium (Yb), samarium (Sm), lithium (Li) and magnesium (Mg). Claim 18 A light-emitting element according to claim 16, wherein the volume ratio of the inorganic insulating material to the metal dopant is 100:0 to 70:

30. Claim 19 In claim 1, further comprising a first hole transport region disposed between the first electrode and the first light-emitting layer, or a second hole transport region disposed between the charge generation layer and the second light-emitting layer, wherein the first hole transport region or the second hole transport region comprises m-MTDATA, TDATA, 2-TNATA, NPB(NPD), β-NPB, TPD, Spiro-TPD, Spiro-NPB, methylated NPB, TAPC, HMTPD, TCTA(4,4',4"-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine), PANI / DBSA (Polyaniline / Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid), PEDOT / PSS(Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) / Poly(4-styrenesulfonate) A light-emitting device comprising at least one selected from (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) / poly(4-styrenesulfonate))), PANI / CSA (polyaniline / camphor sulfonic acid), PANI / PSS (polyaniline / poly(4-styrenesulfonate)), a compound represented by the following chemical formula 201, and a compound represented by the following chemical formula 202: <Chemical Formula 201> <Chemical Formula 202> In the above chemical formulas 201 and 202, L 201 to L 204 are independently substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryllene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Selected from a heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, and L 205 는 *-O-*', *-S-*', *-N(Q 201 )-*', substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 20 Alkylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 20 alkenylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryllene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Selected from a heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, xa1 to xa4 are independently selected from integers 0 to 3, xa5 is selected from integers 1 to 10, and R 201 to R 204 and Q 201 C3-C independently of each other, substituted or unsubstituted 10 Cycloalkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 It is selected from a heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group. Claim 20 In claim 1, the light-emitting element comprising, wherein the first light-emitting layer and the second light-emitting layer independently comprise a host and a dopant, and the host comprises a compound represented by the following chemical formula 301: <Chemical Formula 301>[Ar 301 ] xb11 -[(L 301 ) xb1 -R 301 ] xb21 In the above chemical formula 301, Ar 301 C5-C with substituted or unsubstituted 60 Carbocyclic groups or substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 It is a heterocyclic group, and xb11 is 1, 2 or 3, and L 301 C3-C with substituted or unsubstituted components 10 Cycloalkylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryllene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Selected from a heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, xb1 is selected from an integer from 0 to 5, and R 301 Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amido group, hydrazino group, hydrazono group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Alkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 alkenyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C2-C 60 alkynyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Alkoxy groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl group, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, -Si(Q 301 )(Q 302 )(Q 303 ), -N(Q 301 )(Q 302 ), -B(Q 301 )(Q 302 ), -C(=O)(Q 301 ), -S(=O)2(Q 301 ) and -P(=O)(Q 301 )(Q 302 Selected from ), xb21 is selected from integers 1 to 5, and Q 301 to Q 303 are independently of each other, C1-C 10 Alkyl group, C1-C 10 It is selected from alkoxy groups, phenyl groups, biphenyl groups, terphenyl groups, and naphthyl groups. Claim 21 A light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the first light-emitting layer and the second light-emitting layer independently comprise a host and a dopant, wherein the dopant comprises a phosphorescent dopant, a fluorescent dopant, a delayed fluorescent dopant, or any combination thereof, wherein the phosphorescent dopant comprises an organometallic complex represented by the following chemical formula 401, the fluorescent dopant comprises a compound represented by the following chemical formula 501, and the delayed fluorescent dopant comprises a compound represented by the following chemical formula 502: <Chemical Formula 401>M(L 401 ) xc1 (L 402 ) xc2 <Chemical Formula 402> In the above chemical formulas 401 and 402, M is selected from iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), osmium (Os), titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), europium (Eu), terbium (Tb), rhodium (Rh), and thulium (Tm), and L 401 ...is selected from the ligand represented by the above chemical formula 402, xc1 is 1, 2, or 3, and if xc1 is 2 or more, 2 or more L 401 are identical or different from each other, L 402 is an organic ligand, xc2 is selected from integers from 0 to 4, and if xc2 is 2 or more, 2 or more L 402 are identical or different from each other, X 401 To X 404 are independently nitrogen or carbon, and X 401 and X 403 It is connected through single or double bonds, and X 402 and X 404 is connected through single or double bonds, and A 401 and A 402 are independently of each other, C5-C 60 Carbocyclic group or C1-C 60 It is a heterocyclic group, and X 405 is a single bond, *-O-*', *-S-*', *-C(=O)-*', *-N(Q 411 )-*', *-C(Q 411 )(Q 412 )-*', *-C(Q 411 )=C(Q 412 )-*', *-C(Q 411 )=*' or *=C(Q 411 )=*' and the above Q 411 and Q 412 is, hydrogen, deuterium, C1-C 20 Alkyl group, C1-C 20 It is an alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, or a naphthyl group, and X 406 is a single bond, O or S, and R 401 and R 402 are independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl group, cyano group, nitro group, amido group, hydrazino group, hydrazono group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 20 Alkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 20 Alkoxy groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Heteroaryl group, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, -Si(Q 401 )(Q 402 )(Q 403 ), -N(Q 401 )(Q 402 ), -B(Q 401 )(Q 402 ), -C(=O)(Q 401 ), -S(=O)2(Q 401 ) and -P(=O)(Q 401 )(Q 402 Selected from ), and the above Q 401 to Q 403 are independently of each other, C1-C 10 Alkyl group, C1-C 10 Alkoxy group, C6-C 20 Aryl group and C1-C 20 Selected from heteroaryl groups, xc11 and xc12 are independently selected from integers from 0 to 10, * and *' in Formula 402 are binding sites with M in Formula 401, and <Formula 501> In the above chemical formula 501, Ar 501 C5-C with substituted or unsubstituted 60 Carbocyclic groups or substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 It is a heterocyclic group, and L 501 to L 503 C3-C independently of each other, substituted or unsubstituted 10 Cycloalkylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryllene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Selected from a heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, xd1 to xd3 are independently selected from integers 0 to 3, and R 501 and R 502 are independently substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Selected from a heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, and xd4 is selected from integers 1 to 6, <Chemical Formula 502> In the above chemical formula 502, A 501 To A 503 They are independent of each other, C5-C 60 Carbocyclic group or C1-C 60 It is a heterocyclic group, and L 501 to L 505 are independently substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenylene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenylene groups, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryllene group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Selected from a heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group and a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic group, a501 to a505 are independently selected from integers 0 to 3, and R 503 to R 507 C3-C independently of each other, substituted or unsubstituted 10 Alkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl group, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 10 Heterocycloalkenyl groups, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryl group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, substituted or unsubstituted C6-C 60 Arylthio groups, substituted or unsubstituted C1-C 60 Selected from heteroaryl groups, substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic groups and substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic heterocondensed polycyclic groups, and c11 to c13 are selected from integers 0 to 6. Claim 22 A device comprising: a thin-film transistor including a source electrode, a drain electrode, and an active layer; and a light-emitting element according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and 6 to 21, wherein a first electrode of the light-emitting element and one of the source electrode and the drain electrode of the thin-film transistor are electrically connected to each other. Claim 23 In paragraph 22, the device further comprises a color filter, wherein the color filter is positioned on a path through which light from the light-emitting element is emitted.

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