Compositions for controlling pests

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composition for controlling plant diseases and pests, and more specifically, is characterized by comprising Sophora root extract, soap, sulfur, and quicklime as active ingredients. According to the present invention, in addition to excellent pest control effects, it is environmentally friendly and harmless to the human body, thereby providing safe food to consumers and offering competitive, high-quality agricultural products.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a composition for controlling plant pests and diseases, and more specifically, to a composition for controlling plant pests and diseases that includes a natural product extract and effectively controls plant pests and diseases while being harmless to the human body. Background Technology

[0003] Plant pests and diseases partially or wholly damage the form, function, and preservation of plants, and these include bacteria, fungi, oomycetes, pests, nematodes, viruses, and parasites.

[0004] Pests that damage plants include aphids and mites.

[0005] For decades, chemical pesticides have been used to control pests and diseases, but their repeated use and overuse have caused serious problems, including environmental pollution of soil and surrounding water, a decrease in beneficial microorganisms, residual toxicity, and the emergence of resistant strains.

[0006] Therefore, to solve these problems, the use of natural insecticides extracted from plants that can replace chemical pesticides has been proposed.

[0007] However, most of these use surfactants, neem oil (main component: Azadirachtin) imported from India, China, etc., or pyrethrum extract (main component: Pyrethrin) as raw materials, and it is difficult to determine the exact amount used because the distribution process and sales volume are unclear. Furthermore, it is known that the fungicidal effect and pest density reduction effect through foliar application or soil drenching are significantly lower compared to conventional chemical pesticides.

[0008] Therefore, there is a need for natural pest control agents that are highly effective, do not cause environmental pollution, and are free from residual toxicity. Prior art literature

[0010] (Patent Document 0001) KR 10-2721619 B1(Patent Document 0002) KR 10-2010-0096678 A The problem to be solved

[0011] Accordingly, the objective of the present invention is to provide a composition for controlling plant diseases and pests that exhibits excellent control activity against plant disease-causing pathogens or pests by including sulfur, soap, etc., along with Sophora root extract as active ingredients.

[0012] Another objective of the present invention is to provide a composition for controlling plant pests that is harmless to the human body and has excellent pest control effects, thereby being able to replace conventional chemical pesticides. means of solving the problem

[0014] The composition for controlling plant diseases and pests according to the present invention for achieving the above-mentioned purpose is characterized by comprising Sophora root extract, soap, sulfur, and quicklime as active ingredients.

[0015] The above active ingredients are characterized by containing 5-15% by weight of Sophora root extract, 35-45% by weight of soap, 3-5% by weight of sulfur, and 0.5-1.5% by weight of quicklime, based on 100% by weight of a composition for controlling plant diseases and pests.

[0016] The above soap is produced by saponifying a fatty acid with sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, and is characterized in that the fatty acid is one or more selected from the group consisting of caprilic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid.

[0017] The above soap further comprises a surfactant, and is characterized by being one or more of polyethylene-polypropylene glycol (PEG-PPG), polyoxyethylene (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl ether, and sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate.

[0018] It is characterized by further including 1 to 5 weight percent of prickly ash extract and 1 to 5 weight percent of black nightshade fruit extract as the above active ingredients.

[0019] It is characterized by further including 0.1 to 1 weight percent of chili seed extract as the above active ingredient. Effects of the invention

[0021] According to the present invention, there are advantages such as excellent pest control effects, being eco-friendly and harmless to the human body, providing safe food to consumers, and offering competitive, high-quality agricultural products. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0023] The present invention will be described in detail below.

[0024] The most significant feature of the present invention is that it provides a composition that is harmless to the human body and has excellent pest control effects through the interaction of Sophora root extract, soap, sulfur, etc.

[0025] More specifically, the composition for controlling plant diseases and pests according to the present invention is characterized by comprising Sophora root extract, soap, sulfur, and quicklime as active ingredients.

[0027] First, it should be noted that in the present invention, the term "diseases and pests" includes both "diseases" and "pests" that hinder and damage the growth of crops; examples include molds, mites, aphids, and lepidopteran pests, and the types are not limited thereto.

[0029] Sophora root extract, which is one of the main active ingredients of the pest control composition according to the present invention, is a raw material extracted from Sophora root, a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the legume family, and its main components are matrine and oxysimatrine. The Sophora root extract is a representative biological pesticide registered as an organic agricultural material that controls pests by affecting the neurotransmitter system of insects and inhibiting feeding. In addition, the alkaloids of the Sophora root extract inhibit the growth of fungi and reduce the activity of virus-carrying pests, thereby exhibiting a secondary control effect.

[0030] It is preferable that the above Sophora root extract be included in the composition at 5 to 15 weight percent, because if the content is less than 5 weight percent, the effect of controlling pests and diseases is negligible, and even if it exceeds 15 weight percent, it does not show any further enhanced effect.

[0032] The above soap is produced by saponifying only fatty acids with sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide without adding other additives such as natural oils, and serves to dissolve the lipid layer on the surface of insects and destroy cell membranes. The above soap exhibits very strong activity against aphids, thrips, whiteflies, mites, scale insects, etc.

[0033] In the present invention, it is preferable to use one or more fatty acids selected from the group consisting of caprilic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid when manufacturing the soap, because these fatty acids have the best control effect.

[0034] In addition, when a surfactant is added to the reactant produced by the saponification reaction during the manufacture of the above soap, the pest control effect can be further enhanced. At this time, it is preferable to use one or more of polyethylene-polypropylene glycol, polyoxyethylene phenyl ether (Polyoxyethylene (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl ether), and sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate as the surfactant.

[0035] It is preferable that the mixing ratio of the above fatty acid, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, and surfactant be 50:5 to 15:0.5 to 2 by weight, in order to maximize the pest and disease control effect.

[0036] It is preferable that the above soap be included in the composition at 35 to 45 weight percent, because if the content is less than 35 weight percent, the effect of controlling pests and diseases is negligible, and if it exceeds 45 weight percent, problems of plant phytotoxicity may occur.

[0038] The sulfur mentioned above is one of the major essential plant nutrients and is used agriculturally as a fertilizer. It is also used as a natural pesticide because it has fungicidal and insecticidal effects when sprayed on the soil, and farmers are seeing positive results using it for irrigation. The sulfur mentioned above changes into sulfur compounds or sulfur dioxide on the plant surface due to sunlight and temperature, damaging the cell membranes of fungal spores and hyphae, and inhibiting the energy metabolism of various pests such as pine cottonworms and scale insects.

[0039] It is preferable that the above sulfur be included in the composition at 3 to 5 weight percent, because if the content is less than 3 weight percent, the effect of controlling pests and diseases is negligible, and if it exceeds 5 weight percent, problems of plant phytotoxicity may occur.

[0041] The above quicklime (CaO) is an inorganic compound containing calcium, and also refers to calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, and calcium carbonate. The above quicklime reacts with water to become alkaline, destroys the cell membranes of fungi and bacteria, denatures proteins, and induces dehydration and chemical burns in pests, thereby controlling them.

[0042] It is preferable that the above quicklime be included in the composition at 0.5 to 1.5 weight percent, because if the content is less than 0.5 weight percent, the effect of controlling pests and diseases is negligible, and if it exceeds 1.5 weight percent, problems of plant phytotoxicity may occur.

[0044] Meanwhile, the pest control composition of the present invention comprises purified water as a solvent as the remainder.

[0046] As previously described, the pest control composition of the present invention configured as described above is harmless to the human body and has excellent control effects against mites, aphids, powdery mildew, etc.

[0048] Meanwhile, the composition for pest and disease control according to the present invention preferably further includes prickly ash extract and black nightshade fruit extract as active ingredients.

[0050] The above-mentioned prickly ash extract is obtained by extracting the leaves or bark of the prickly ash tree (Zanthoxylum piperitum) using water, ethanol, or a mixture thereof as a solvent, and exerts a neurodisruptive effect on pests through cyanol, limonene, citronellol, geraniol, etc. In the present invention, the extraction method of the above-mentioned prickly ash extract is based on a method known in the field to which this technology belongs, and further explanation thereof is omitted.

[0051] It is preferable that the above-mentioned prickly ash extract be included in the composition at 1 to 5 weight percent, because if the content is less than 1 weight percent, the effect of controlling pests and diseases is negligible, and if it exceeds 5 weight percent, problems of plant phytotoxicity may occur.

[0053] The above black nightshade fruit extract is obtained by extracting black nightshade fruit (Solanum nigrum fruit) using water, ethanol, or a mixture thereof as a solvent, and exhibits bactericidal and insecticidal effects by destroying the cell membrane lipids of pests and microorganisms through solanine, solasolginine, etc. In the present invention, the extraction method of the above black nightshade fruit extract is based on a method known in the field to which this technology belongs, and further explanation thereof is omitted.

[0054] It is preferable that the above black nightshade fruit extract be included in the composition at 1 to 5 weight percent, because if the content is less than 1 weight percent, the effect of controlling pests and diseases is negligible, and if it exceeds 5 weight percent, problems of plant phytotoxicity may occur.

[0056] In addition, it is preferable that the pest control composition according to the present invention further includes chili seed extract as an active ingredient.

[0057] The above-mentioned hot pepper seed extract is obtained by extracting hot pepper seeds using water, ethanol, or a mixture thereof as a solvent, and exhibits a control effect by stimulating the olfactory and gustatory receptors of pests with capsaicin, vegetable oil, etc. In the present invention, the extraction method of the above-mentioned hot pepper seed extract is based on a method known in the field to which this technology belongs, and further explanation thereof is omitted.

[0058] It is preferable that the above chili seed extract be included in the composition at 0.1 to 1 weight percent, because if the content is less than 0.1 weight percent, the effect of controlling pests and diseases is negligible, and if it exceeds 1 weight percent, problems of plant phytotoxicity may occur.

[0060] The method of treating the pest and disease control composition according to the present invention is the same as the method of treating general pesticides, and any treatment method commonly used in the industry is sufficient. However, considering the pest and disease control effect, it is most preferable to dilute the composition of the present invention 100 to 1,000 times and apply it to the leaves during the plant growth period.

[0062] The present invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments.

[0063] (Example 1)

[0064] A composition for controlling pests and diseases was prepared by mixing 10% by weight of Sophora root extract, 40% by weight of soap, 3.5% by weight of sulfur, 1% by weight of quicklime, and the remainder of water.

[0065] At this time, the above Sophora root extract was prepared by adding 5 times the weight of water to Sophora root, extracting at 1.5 atm and 110℃ for 24 hours, and then filtering, concentrating, and freeze-drying.

[0066] The above soap was prepared and used as follows. 1 kg of potassium hydroxide (KOH) was dissolved in 0.9 L of water, and 3.1 L of ethanol was added. Then, 5 L of caprylic acid was added at 50°C, and a saponification reaction was carried out for 5 hours to obtain a total of 10 L of product. Then, 0.1 L of polyethylene-polypropylene glycol, a surfactant, was added to the mixture and dissolved by stirring for 2 hours, and the soap was prepared by cooling at room temperature for 5 hours.

[0068] (Example 2)

[0069] The above Example 1 was carried out in the same manner, but when preparing the composition for pest and disease control, 2% by weight of prickly ash extract and 2% by weight of black nightshade fruit extract were additionally mixed.

[0070] The above-mentioned prickly ash extract was prepared by adding 2 times the weight of a 50% ethanol aqueous solution to the leaves of a prickly ash tree, extracting at 30°C for 5 hours, filtering, concentrating, and freeze-drying, and the above-mentioned black nightshade fruit extract was prepared by adding 2 times the weight of a 50% ethanol aqueous solution, extracting at 30°C for 5 hours, filtering, concentrating, and freeze-drying.

[0072] (Example 3)

[0073] The above Example 2 was carried out in the same manner, but 2% by weight of chili seed extract was additionally mixed when preparing the composition for pest and disease control.

[0074] The above chili seed extract was prepared by adding 2 times the weight of a 50% ethanol aqueous solution to chili seeds, extracting at 40°C for 3 hours, and then filtering, concentrating, and freeze-drying.

[0076] (Test Example 1)

[0077] A test of the pest control effect of the sample was conducted in a Petri dish.

[0078] The sample was sprayed on 30 adult pepper mites and aphids, as well as diamondback moths and tobacco cutworms, diluted 500-fold, and the lethality rate was investigated 3 days after spraying. For the control group, Sophora root extract, soap, and sulfur were each used individually, diluted 500-fold, and the spraying amount for each sample was the same.

[0080] Test Example 1 result division Density (animals) before treatment mites (parasitic mites) Aphids (parasitic insects) Diamondback moth (parasite) Example 1 30 0 0 12 Example 2 30 0 0 9 Example 3 30 0 0 7 Sophora root extract 30 2 18 25 soap 30 5 10 21 brimstone 30 10 15 20 Unprocessed 30 25 26 28

[0081] As shown in Table 1 above, it was confirmed that Examples 1 to 3 according to the present invention showed significantly superior insecticidal effects against mites, aphids, diamondback moths, etc. compared to the group using only Sophora root extract, soap, and sulfur.

[0083] (Test Example 2)

[0084] Field efficacy tests were conducted on the samples. Six final pests and diseases were selected through screening as shown in Table 2 below, and field efficacy tests were performed. As shown in Table 2, the field efficacy tests involved foliar application at a dilution of 500 times during the early and peak infestation stages, and were compared against the control group. Field management followed standard farming practices, with an area of ​​20 m² per plot, and the tests were conducted in triplicate.

[0086] Applicable pests Crop name Applicable pests Usage period pepper cotton aphids Foliar treatment during the high-incidence period Tobacco whitefly Foliar application twice at 5-day intervals at the initial stage of infestation cucumber Greenhouse whitefly Foliar application twice at 7-day intervals at the initial stage of infestation powdery mildew Foliar application 3 times at 7-day intervals at the initial stage of infestation napa cabbage borderless aphids Foliar treatment during the high-incidence period car Cha Eung-ae Foliar treatment when 2 to 3 insects occur per leaf

[0088] Test Example 2 Results (Pests) division Test drug Density before treatment (animals / average per plot) Survival rate (7 days after treatment) Pest control (7 days after treatment) Chili pepper cotton aphids Example 1 115.2 18.8 83.5% Example 2 113.5 13.5 88.0% Example 3 114.5 11.2 90.0% Unprocessed 110.8 112.4 - Chili pepper tobacco powder Example 1 170.5 15.4 89.8% Example 2 168.6 12.5 91.7% Example 3 159.2 8.6 94.3% Unprocessed 164.9 151.5 - Cucumber greenhouse whitefly Example 1 100.5 33.2 84.3% Example 2 101.6 30.1 85.8% Example 3 105.4. 15.0 92.9% Unprocessed 98.5 212.5 - Cabbage rim aphids Example 1 381.4 5.9 94.8% Example 2 371.5 5.0 95.6% Example 3 365.7 4.1 96.4% Unprocessed 374.6 113.5 - Cha Cha-eung-ae Example 1 87.0 15.8 85.6% Example 2 86.0 14.2 87.1% Example 3 85.6 12.1 89.0% Unprocessed 88.7 110.0 -

[0090] Test Example 2 Results (Disease) division Test drug Incidence rate pest control Cucumber powdery mildew Example 1 12.6 60% Example 2 11.0 65.1% Example 3 5.6 82.2% Unprocessed 31.5 -

[0091] As shown in Tables 3 and 4 above, it was confirmed that the samples according to the present invention had excellent control effects against pests and diseases after 7 days of treatment. In particular, it was confirmed that Example 1 had superior control effects against pepper tobacco whitefly, cucumber greenhouse whitefly, and cucumber powdery mildew compared to Examples 1 and 2.

[0092] In addition, it was confirmed that all crops treated with Examples 1 to 3 showed no adverse effects.

[0094] (Test Example 3)

[0095] Skin irritation, ocular mucosal irritation, acute oral toxicity, and acute dermal toxicity tests on the samples using New Zealand white rabbits were commissioned to the Korea Institute of Biological Safety and Environment. The test methods were based on the standards and methods for human and animal toxicity testing specified in Notification No. 2024-18 of the Rural Development Administration, "Registration Standards for Pesticides and Active Ingredients."

[0096] In addition, acute contact toxicity tests on honeybees (Apis mellifera) and acute toxicity tests on freshwater fish (zebrafish) were also commissioned to the Korea Institute of Biological Safety and Environment. At this time, the test methods were in accordance with the environmental biological toxicity test standards and methods of the "Registration Standards for Pesticides and Active Ingredients" of the Rural Development Administration Notification No. 2024-13.

[0097] As a result, no general symptoms were observed in any of the test rabbits, test honeybees, or test freshwater fish in Examples 1 to 3. Furthermore, as shown in Table 5 below, it was confirmed that there was no skin irritation or ocular mucosal irritation, and that acute oral toxicity and acute dermal toxicity were both Class IV (low toxicity). In addition, the LD50 for honeybees and freshwater fish was also 50 class LC 50It was confirmed that this exceeded 100.000g / bee, 100.0mg / L.

[0099] Test Example 3 Results division skin irritant ocular mucosal irritation Acute oral toxicity acute dermal toxicity Acute contact toxicity (24-hour and 48-hour median lethal dose (LD50) 50 ) Acute toxicity (24, 48, 72, and 96-hour median lethal concentrations (LC10) 50 ) Example 1 doesn't exist doesn't exist Grade IV Grade IV >100.000(ug / bee) >100.0 (mg / L) Example 2 doesn't exist doesn't exist Grade IV Grade IV >100.000(ug / bee) >100.0 (mg / L) Example 3 doesn't exist doesn't exist Grade IV Grade IV >100.000(ug / bee) >100.0 (mg / L)

[0101] (Test Example 4)

[0102] Residual pesticide testing on the samples was commissioned to the Industry-Academic Cooperation Foundation of Kangwon National University (Center for the Safety of Eco-friendly Agricultural Products).

[0103] As a result, it was confirmed that no residual pesticides were detected in all of Examples 1 to 3.

[0105] As described above, although the present invention has been explained with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and changes can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as described in the following claims.

Claims

Claim 1 A composition for controlling plant pests and diseases, characterized by comprising Sophora root extract, soap, sulfur, and quicklime as active ingredients, wherein the active ingredients comprise 5-15% by weight of Sophora root extract, 35-45% by weight of soap, 3-5% by weight of sulfur, and 0.5-1.5% by weight of quicklime based on 100% by weight of the composition for controlling plant pests and diseases, and further comprising 1-5% by weight of Zanthoxylum piperitum extract, 1-5% by weight of Solanum nigrum fruit extract, and 0.1-1% by weight of chili pepper seed extract as active ingredients. Claim 2 delete Claim 3 A composition for controlling plant diseases and pests according to claim 1, wherein the soap is formed by saponifying a fatty acid with sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. Claim 4 A composition for controlling plant diseases and pests according to claim 3, characterized in that the fatty acid is one or more selected from the group consisting of caprilic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, and linoleic acid. Claim 5 A composition for controlling plant diseases and pests according to claim 3, wherein the soap further comprises a surfactant, and the surfactant is one or more of polyethylene-polypropylene glycol (PEG-PPG), polyoxyethylene (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl ether, and sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate.

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