Apparatus and method for presuming coronary perfusion pressure

Abstract

An apparatus and method for estimating coronary artery pressure according to one embodiment are disclosed. An apparatus for estimating coronary artery pressure according to one embodiment comprises one or more processors; and a memory storing one or more programs executed by the one or more processors, wherein the processors are configured to: receive a first blood pressure signal of a subject, receive a second blood pressure signal of the subject, and estimate coronary artery pressure (CPP) based on the difference between the first blood pressure signal and the second blood pressure signal.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The disclosed embodiments relate to an apparatus and method for estimating coronary artery pressure, and more specifically, to a technique for accurately estimating the period of coronary artery pressure by identifying characteristic points of a coronary artery pressure waveform. Background Technology

[0002] Coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) is the pressure of blood flow supplied to the heart muscle and is an indicator that needs to be monitored in various emergency situations involving heart disease.

[0003] In particular, coronary artery pressure is used as an indicator to determine whether cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for a patient with cardiac arrest helps the patient return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC).

[0004] However, there are currently no devices capable of measuring coronary artery pressure in real time. Some studies have proposed methods to estimate coronary artery pressure by utilizing its relationship with other blood pressures, but accurate real-time estimation remains difficult.

[0005] In addition, recent studies have failed to derive accurate calculations because the waveform of arterial pressure in cardiac arrest patients is difficult to compartmentalize into precise cycles. This is because the arterial pressure waveform in cardiac arrest patients forms an irregular waveform due to artificial contraction caused by external forces.

[0006] In other words, the minimum value of arterial pressure in cardiac arrest patients cannot be guaranteed to be a valid raw value used to determine the cycle of arterial pressure. Therefore, there is a need for a more precise method of monitoring coronary artery pressure waveforms by determining a meaningful raw value in relation to various indicators. Prior art literature

[0007] Republic of Korea Registered Patent No. 10-2521294 (Published April 13, 2023) The problem to be solved

[0008] The disclosed embodiments are intended to estimate coronary artery pressure in real time with high accuracy. means of solving the problem

[0009] An apparatus for estimating coronary artery pressure according to one embodiment comprises one or more processors; and a memory storing one or more programs executed by the one or more processors. The apparatus for estimating coronary artery pressure enables the processor to: receive a first blood pressure signal of a subject, receive a second blood pressure signal of the subject, and estimate coronary artery pressure (CPP) based on the difference between the first blood pressure signal and the second blood pressure signal.

[0010] The first blood pressure signal above may include arterial blood pressure (ABP).

[0011] The second blood pressure signal above may include central venous pressure (CVP).

[0012] A device for estimating coronary artery pressure according to one embodiment may allow the processor to determine the period of the coronary artery pressure based on the period of the first blood pressure signal.

[0013] An apparatus for estimating coronary artery pressure according to one embodiment may enable the processor to: specify the period of the first blood pressure signal based on at least one of the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and the systolic blood pressure (SBP) in the first blood pressure signal.

[0014] An apparatus for estimating coronary artery pressure according to one embodiment allows the processor to: assign a state value to the first blood pressure signal, and based on the state value, specify at least one of the lowest point of the diastolic period and the highest point of the systolic period.

[0015] An apparatus for estimating coronary artery pressure according to one embodiment may enable the processor to: set the state value of the first blood pressure signal to a first value when the first blood pressure signal is an initial value; set the state value of the first blood pressure signal to a second value when the first blood pressure signal is a preset value and the derivative coefficient of the first blood pressure signal is positive; set the state value of the first blood pressure signal to a third value when the first blood pressure signal exceeds a preset value; set the state value of the first blood pressure signal to a fourth value when the first blood pressure signal is a preset value and the derivative coefficient of the first blood pressure signal is negative; and set the state value of the first blood pressure signal to a fifth value when the first blood pressure signal is less than a preset value.

[0016] A device for estimating coronary artery pressure according to one embodiment may allow a processor to: specify the lowest point of the diastole as a point corresponding to the lowest peak value closest to the second value.

[0017] A device for estimating coronary artery pressure according to one embodiment can specify the peak point of the systole as a point corresponding to the highest high peak value among the third values.

[0018] The above-mentioned preset value may include the average value of one cycle of arterial pressure.

[0019] The systole and diastolic phases of the coronary artery pressure may each occupy a cycle of the coronary artery pressure in a ratio of 1:2.

[0020] A healthcare device according to one embodiment may be a healthcare device comprising any one of the embodiments of the coronary artery pressure estimation device described above.

[0021] The above healthcare device may be a cardiopulmonary resuscitation device.

[0022] A method for estimating coronary artery pressure according to one embodiment is a method performed by an apparatus for estimating coronary artery pressure comprising one or more processors; and a memory storing one or more programs executed by said one or more processors, the method comprising: receiving a first blood pressure signal of a subject; receiving a second blood pressure signal of said subject; and estimating coronary artery pressure (CPP) based on the difference between said first blood pressure signal and said second blood pressure signal.

[0023] The first blood pressure signal above may include arterial blood pressure (ABP).

[0024] The second blood pressure signal above may include central venous pressure (CVP).

[0025] The step of estimating the coronary artery pressure may include the step of determining the period of the coronary artery pressure based on the period of the first blood pressure signal.

[0026] The period of the first blood pressure signal can be determined based on at least one of the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and the systolic blood pressure (SBP) in the first blood pressure signal.

[0027] The step of estimating the coronary artery pressure may include: a step of assigning a state value to the first blood pressure signal; and a step of specifying at least one of the lowest point of the diastolic period and the highest point of the systolic period based on the state value.

[0028] The step of assigning a state value to the first blood pressure signal comprises: a step of setting the state value of the first blood pressure signal to a first value when the first blood pressure signal is an initial value; a step of setting the state value of the first blood pressure signal to a second value when the first blood pressure signal is a preset value and the derivative coefficient of the first blood pressure signal is positive; a step of setting the state value of the first blood pressure signal to a third value when the first blood pressure signal exceeds a preset value; a step of setting the state value of the first blood pressure signal to a fourth value when the first blood pressure signal is a preset value and the derivative coefficient of the first blood pressure signal is negative; and a step of setting the state value of the first blood pressure signal to a fifth value when the first blood pressure signal is less than a preset value.

[0029] The step of specifying at least one of the lowest point of the relaxation phase and the highest point of the systole phase may include the step of specifying the lowest point of the relaxation phase as a point corresponding to the lowest peak value closest to the second value.

[0030] The step of specifying at least one of the lowest point of the diastole and the highest point of the systole may include the step of specifying the highest point of the systole as a point corresponding to the highest high peak value among the third values.

[0031] The above-mentioned preset value may include the average value of one cycle of arterial pressure.

[0032] The systole and diastolic phases of the coronary artery pressure may each occupy a cycle of the coronary artery pressure in a ratio of 1:2. Effects of the invention

[0033] The disclosed embodiments enable real-time monitoring of coronary artery pressure values ​​through an algorithm using arterial blood pressure (ABP) and central venous pressure (CVP).

[0034] Compared to existing methods that estimate the waveform of coronary artery pressure by simply considering the maximum and minimum values ​​of a signal, the disclosed embodiments can increase the precision of coronary artery pressure period specification by considering the derivative coefficient, and accordingly, coronary artery pressure can be estimated or measured with high accuracy.

[0035] Such coronary artery pressure estimation or measurement devices can be usefully combined with various devices requiring coronary artery pressure estimation or measurement, particularly healthcare devices, especially cardiopulmonary resuscitation devices. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0036] FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an apparatus for estimating coronary artery pressure according to one embodiment. Figure 2 is a graph to explain the waveform of coronary artery pressure estimated in relation to other blood pressures. FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating an example algorithm for specifying feature points of a first blood pressure signal. Figure 4 is a graph illustrating an example algorithm for determining the diastolic minimum within a first blood pressure signal. FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method for estimating coronary artery pressure according to one embodiment. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0037] Hereinafter, a specific embodiment of one embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. The following detailed description is provided to facilitate a comprehensive understanding of the invention described herein. However, this is merely illustrative and the invention is not limited thereto.

[0038] In describing the embodiments, if it is determined that a detailed description of known technology related to the present invention may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the embodiment, such detailed description will be omitted. Additionally, numbers used in the description of the embodiments (e.g., first, second, etc.) are merely identification symbols to distinguish one component from another.

[0039] The terms described below are defined with consideration of their functions in the present invention, and these may vary depending on the intent or practice of the user or operator. Therefore, their definitions should be based on the content throughout this specification. Terms used in the detailed description are intended merely to describe specific embodiments and should not be limiting. Unless explicitly stated otherwise, expressions in the singular form include the meaning of the plural form. In this description, expressions such as "include" or "compose" are intended to refer to certain components, numbers, steps, actions, elements, parts thereof, or combinations thereof, and should not be interpreted to exclude the existence or possibility of one or more other components, numbers, steps, actions, elements, parts thereof, or combinations thereof other than those described.

[0040] Additionally, the embodiments described herein may have aspects that are entirely hardware, partially hardware and partially software, or entirely software. In this specification, terms such as "unit," "apparatus," "module," "device," "server," or "system" refer to computer-related entities, such as hardware, a combination of hardware and software, or software. For example, a unit, device, module, device, server, or system may refer to hardware constituting part or all of a platform and / or software, such as an application for driving said hardware. As a specific example, a unit, device, module, equipment, server, or system may be implemented by a processor.

[0041] In this specification, the term "estimation of coronary artery pressure" includes the measurement of the numerical value of the coronary artery pressure of a measurement target, such as a patient, or the measurement of an approximation thereof, to be measured.

[0042] In this specification, the term "healthcare device" refers to not only medical devices but also all devices used for healthcare purposes, such as smartphones having biometric information measurement functions. Healthcare devices include, but are not limited to, cardiopulmonary resuscitation devices.

[0043] FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a device (100) for estimating coronary artery pressure according to one embodiment.

[0044] Referring to FIG. 1, a device (100) for estimating coronary artery pressure includes a processor (110) and a memory (220).

[0045] The processor (110) receives the subject's first blood pressure signal. The processor (110) receives the subject's second blood pressure signal.

[0046] Here, the first blood pressure signal may include the pressure of blood pressure flowing in the artery during heart contraction. For example, the first blood pressure signal may preferably include arterial blood pressure (ABP). That is, the processor (110) may receive arterial blood pressure indirectly measured from the brachial artery or femoral artery through a blood pressure monitor.

[0047] Here, the second blood pressure signal may include the pressure of blood pressure flowing in the systemic veins during cardiac relaxation. For example, the second blood pressure signal may preferably include Central Venous Pressure (CVP). That is, the processor (110) may receive the central venous pressure directly measured through a central venous catheter penetrating the pulmonary artery or the inner wall of the right ventricle.

[0048] As another example, the second blood pressure signal may include right atrial pressure (RAP). Specifically, the processor (110) may receive right atrial pressure indirectly by measuring the pressure inside the heart through cardiac ultrasound or intravenous injection.

[0049] At this time, the processor (110) can set a waveform of a specified number of cycles as a first blood pressure signal or a second blood pressure signal based on the latest input order in a last-in, first-out manner.

[0050] In other words, the processor (110) can update the first blood pressure signal and the second blood pressure signal by removing the oldest sample when a new sample is input and maintaining a preset number of sample data.

[0051] For example, when 20 sample data that form the basis of a first blood pressure signal are input, the processor (110) may designate the most recent 10 sample data as the first blood pressure signal. At this time, the sample data may be input in units of one cycle of waveforms.

[0052] Meanwhile, the types of blood pressure and measurement methods of the first and second blood pressure signals described above are merely exemplary and are not necessarily limited thereto; they are intended to include all types of blood pressure and measurement methods that can be measured currently or according to technological advancements.

[0053] The processor (110) estimates coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) based on the difference between the first blood pressure signal and the second blood pressure signal.

[0054] Specifically, the processor (110) can calculate coronary artery pressure by the following mathematical formula 1.

[0055] [Mathematical Formula 1]

[0056] CPP = BP1 - BP2

[0057] In this case, CPP may mean coronary artery pressure, BP1 may mean the first blood pressure signal, and BP2 may mean the second blood pressure signal.

[0058] Preferably, the first blood pressure signal may be a greater value than the second blood pressure signal. That is, the processor (110) can calculate the coronary artery pressure as the pressure of blood pumped to the heart from the difference between the different blood pressures.

[0059] According to another embodiment, the processor (110) can estimate the value of the coronary artery pressure as the difference between the value of the first blood pressure signal and the value of the second blood pressure signal at the lowest point (Diastolic Blood Pressure; DBP) of the diastolic phase of the first blood pressure signal.

[0060] The processor (110) can estimate the value of the coronary artery pressure by the difference between the value of the first blood pressure signal and the value of the second blood pressure signal at the peak of the systolic phase (Systolic Blood Pressure; SBP) of the first blood pressure signal.

[0061] The processor (110) can estimate the value of the difference between the value of the first blood pressure signal and the value of the second blood pressure signal at the midpoint of the diastolic phase of the first blood pressure signal as the value of the coronary artery pressure.

[0062] The processor (110) can estimate the value of the coronary artery pressure by the difference between the value of the first blood pressure signal and the value of the second blood pressure signal at the start of the systole of the first blood pressure signal.

[0063] The processor (110) can estimate the average value of the difference between the value of the first blood pressure signal and the value of the second blood pressure signal during the systole of the first blood pressure signal as the value of the coronary artery pressure.

[0064] The processor (110) can determine the cycle of coronary artery pressure based on the cycle of the first blood pressure signal.

[0065] The processor (110) can define the cycle of the first blood pressure signal based on at least one of the lowest point in the diastolic phase and the highest point in the systolic phase of the first blood pressure signal.

[0066] For example, the processor (110) can define the interval between the lowest point in the first diastolic period identified in the first blood pressure signal and the lowest point in the second diastolic period, which is the next period, as the period of the first blood pressure signal.

[0067] As another example, the processor (110) may define the interval between the peak in the first systole identified in the first blood pressure signal and the peak in the second systole of the next cycle as the cycle of the first blood pressure signal.

[0068] Memory (120) stores one or more instructions executed by the processor (110).

[0069] The memory (120) can store various data used by the processor (110). For example, the memory (120) may include input data or output data for software (e.g., a program executed by the processor (110) and / or instructions associated with the program).

[0070] The memory (120) may include volatile memory (120) or non-volatile memory (120).

[0071] Figure 2 is a graph illustrating the waveform of coronary artery pressure estimated in relation to other blood pressures.

[0072] Referring to Fig. 2, the graph shows the waveforms of arterial pressure, right atrial pressure, and coronary artery pressure at the same time.

[0073] Arterial pressure is the pressure generated when blood expelled from the left ventricle leaves the heart and flows into the arteries. Right atrial pressure is the pressure generated when blood flows from the right ventricle into the veins.

[0074] At this time, coronary artery pressure is the perfusion pressure of the heart, and can be estimated from the difference between the arterial pressure of blood leaving the left ventricle and the venous pressure of blood entering the right ventricle.

[0075] In other words, considering the meaning of arterial pressure and right atrial pressure, these two pressures are the pressures pumped into the heart, allowing for the calculation of an approximate value of coronary artery pressure. For example, the waveform of coronary artery pressure can be drawn from the difference between arterial pressure and right atrial pressure, as shown in Fig. 2.

[0076] At this time, it is desirable that the cycle of coronary artery pressure be calculated as one chest compression or one heartbeat. That is, the cycle of coronary artery pressure should be defined through the timing of the heart's contraction and relaxation.

[0077] Here, the peak of arterial pressure may occur during the systole of the heart, and the minimum of arterial pressure may occur during the diastole of the heart. That is, the cycle of coronary artery pressure can be defined using the cycle of arterial pressure.

[0078] However, if the minimum point of arterial pressure is mechanically used to determine the diastolic phase of coronary artery pressure, an error may occur in which the calculated coronary artery pressure differs from the actual value.

[0079] This is because the patients subject to coronary artery pressure measurement are cardiac arrest patients, and the irregular arterial pressure waveform is not used as is, but requires some form of interpretation to be added in order to find meaningful values.

[0080] In particular, right atrial pressure cannot be measured by non-invasive methods, and although the error in coronary artery pressure needs to be improved, there are still difficulties in determining the cycle of coronary artery pressure.

[0081] Hereinafter, FIG. 3 discloses a method for more clearly specifying the cycle of coronary artery pressure through characteristic points of arterial pressure specified by an algorithm devised in the present invention.

[0082] Figure 3 is a graph illustrating an example algorithm for identifying characteristic points of a first blood pressure signal.

[0083] Here, the feature points may include the systolic peak and diastolic minimum in the first blood pressure signal used for period identification. In this case, the peak and minimum are understood to be the meaningful peaks and minimums remaining after filtering out invalid peaks and minimums.

[0084] Referring to FIG. 3, the processor (110) assigns a state value to the first blood pressure signal. At this time, for convenience of explanation, it is assumed that the first blood pressure signal in FIG. 3 is arterial pressure.

[0085] Specifically, the processor (110) assigns a state value to the first blood pressure signal. For example, if the first blood pressure signal is an initial value, the processor (110) can set the state value of the first blood pressure signal to a first value. If the first blood pressure signal is a preset value and the derivative of the first blood pressure signal is positive, the processor (110) can set the state value of the first blood pressure signal to a second value. If the first blood pressure signal exceeds a preset value, the processor (110) can set the state value of the first blood pressure signal to a third value. If the first blood pressure signal is a preset value and the derivative of the first blood pressure signal is negative, the processor (110) can set the state value of the first blood pressure signal to a fourth value. If the first blood pressure signal is less than a preset value, the processor (110) can set the state value of the first blood pressure signal to a fifth value.

[0086] At this time, the preset value may mean a value preset by the user or the average value of the first blood pressure signal calculated when the first blood pressure signal of n received cycles is used as a sample.

[0087] As a specific example, the processor (110) can assign each state value to the arterial pressure waveform as shown in FIG. 3. The processor (110) can set point A, defined as the starting point of the arterial pressure waveform, as the first value, and set the state value 0. At this time, the pre-set value is the pre-set average arterial pressure. After point A, the processor (110) can set section B as the fifth value, and set the state value 4. This is because section B is a set of points less than the pre-set average arterial pressure. Afterwards, the processor (110) can set point C as the second value, and set the state value 1. This is because point C is equal to the pre-set average arterial pressure value, but has a positive derivative value. Afterwards, the processor (110) can set section D as the third value, and set the state value 2. This is because section D is a set of points exceeding the average arterial pressure value. Afterwards, the processor (110) can designate point E as the fourth value, and set the state value 3. This is because point E is equal to the preset average arterial pressure value, but has a negative derivative. Subsequently, the processor (110) can set section F again as the fifth value, which is state value 4. This is because section F is a set of points less than the preset average arterial pressure. Subsequently, the processor (110) can set point G as the second value, which is state value 1. This is because point G is equal to the preset average arterial pressure value, but has a positive derivative.

[0088] The processor (110) can specify at least one of the peak of the systole (X) and the lowest point of the diastolic (Y) of the first blood pressure signal based on the state value.

[0089] Specifically, the processor (110) identifies the point corresponding to the highest high peak value among the third values ​​as the peak (x) of the systole (X) of the first blood pressure signal. 1, It can be specified as Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP).

[0090] The processor (110) identifies the point corresponding to the lowest peak value closest to the second value as the lowest point (y) of the diastolic (Y) phase of the first blood pressure signal. 2, It can be specified as Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP).

[0091] The processor (110) can determine the period of the first blood pressure signal based on the peak of the systole (X) of the first blood pressure signal. Alternatively, the processor (110) can determine the period of the first blood pressure signal based on the systole (X) of the diastolic (Y) of the first blood pressure signal.

[0092] As illustrated in FIG. 3, the processor (110) can determine the peak of the arterial pressure during the systole (X) and the lowest point of the arterial pressure during the diastolic (Y) phase as follows.

[0093] The processor (110) can identify a point (x1) corresponding to the highest high peak in section D, having state value 2 as a third value, as the highest point of the arterial pressure during the systole (X). As another example, the processor (110) can identify a point (y1, y2) corresponding to the lowest low peak value closest to points C and G, having state value 1 as a second value, as the lowest point of the diastole (Y).

[0094] From this, the processor (110) can determine the cycle of arterial pressure using the x1 value and a point corresponding to the peak of another systole (X) identified in the next cycle. As another example, the processor (110) can determine the cycle of arterial pressure based on the y1 and y2 values.

[0095] In particular, regarding the lowest point of the diastole (Y) specified in the present invention, when the waveform of the arterial pressure is shown with multiple row values, it can be confirmed that the precision of the arterial pressure cycle specification is enhanced in that, in some cases, the lowest point of the waveform of the arterial pressure does not coincide with the lowest point of the diastole (Y).

[0096] The processor (110) can divide the systole (X) and diastolic (Y) of the first blood pressure signal into a certain ratio within the entire cycle of the first blood pressure signal. For example, the processor (110) can divide the systole (X) and diastolic (Y) of the first blood pressure signal into a ratio of 1:2 within the entire cycle of the first blood pressure signal, respectively.

[0097] For example, the processor (110) can define the X section, which occupies 1 / 3 of the entire heart cycle as the systole (X) of the arterial pressure, and the Y section, which occupies 2 / 3 as the diastolic (Y) of the arterial pressure, as shown in FIG. 3.

[0098] The processor (110) can determine the ratio of the systole to the diastolic phase in the entire cycle of the first blood pressure signal based on the determined dicrotic notch. Here, the dicrotic notch may refer to the point where the peak of the arterial pressure after the systole occurs.

[0099] For example, the processor (110) can determine the proportion of the systole and diastolic phases in the entire cycle based on the determined angle notch (Z) as illustrated in FIG. 3. As a specific example, the processor (110) can specify the systole (X) as the interval from the starting point (y1) of the cycle to the angle notch (Z) and the diastolic phase (Y) as the interval from the angle notch (Z) to the end point (y2) of the cycle in an arterial pressure with a cycle of y1-y2.

[0100] Meanwhile, the period, systole, and diastolic of coronary artery pressure borrow the period, systole (X), and diastolic (Y) of the first blood pressure signal, so they can be specified in the same way as the period, systole, and diastolic of the first blood pressure signal.

[0101] Figure 4 is a graph illustrating an example algorithm for determining the diastolic minimum point within a first blood pressure signal.

[0102] Referring to FIG. 4, the first blood pressure signal includes a first section (A) and a second section (B). Here, the first section (A) and the second section (B) are each sections included in the diastolic phase of the first blood pressure signal, have a fifth value, and are sections in which the first blood pressure signal increases and decreases again based on the inflection point.

[0103] At this time, the processor (110) can identify a local low peak and a global low peak between the first interval (A1) and the next first interval (A2). Specifically, the processor (110) can identify the first interval (A) and the second interval (B) within the first blood pressure signal to identify a candidate diastolic low point and a diastolic low point.

[0104] Here, the processor (110) can identify a first interval (A) based on a sub-state value assigned to a first blood pressure signal.

[0105] Specifically, the processor (110) can update the sub-state value from the initial value to the first value if the magnitude of the ratio of the first difference, which is the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the first blood pressure signal, and the second difference, which is the difference between the current value of the first blood pressure signal and the minimum value, is greater than a preset value.

[0106] At this time, the processor (110) can designate a section having a fifth value as a state value and a first value as a sub-state value as the first section (A).

[0107] The processor (110) can update the sub-state value to an initial value if the ratio of the third difference, which is the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the first blood pressure signal, and the fourth difference, which is the difference between the current value of the first blood pressure signal and the largest value among the candidate minimum points of diastolic pressure, is smaller than a preset value.

[0108] At this time, the processor (110) can designate a section having a fifth value as a state value and an initial value as a sub-state value as the second section (B).

[0109] Here, the largest value among the candidate diastolic troughs may mean the largest value among one or more candidate diastolic troughs identified so far. In other words, the largest value among the candidate diastolic troughs may mean the largest value among the local low peaks of the first blood pressure signal.

[0110] Specifically, the processor (110) may identify the point having the smallest value in the section prior to the first section (A) of the diastolic phase of the first blood pressure signal as the candidate lowest point of the diastolic phase. As another example, the processor (110) may identify the point having the lowest value in the section after the second section (B) as the candidate lowest point of the diastolic phase.

[0111] The processor (110) can identify the point closest to the peak of the systolic phase in the first blood pressure signal among one or more specified candidate lowest points of the diastolic phase as the lowest point of the diastolic phase in the first blood pressure signal.

[0112] FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method for estimating coronary artery pressure according to one embodiment.

[0113] Referring to FIG. 5, a method for estimating coronary artery pressure according to one embodiment can be performed by the device (100) for estimating coronary artery pressure of FIG. 1.

[0114] First, the device (100) for estimating coronary artery pressure receives the subject's first blood pressure signal (510).

[0115] Afterwards, the device (100) for estimating coronary artery pressure receives the subject's second blood pressure signal (520).

[0116] Afterwards, the coronary artery pressure estimation device (100) estimates the coronary artery pressure (Coronary Perfusion Pressure; CPP) (530) based on the difference between the first blood pressure signal and the second blood pressure signal.

[0117] FIG. 5, illustrated above, has been described with reference to the order presented in the drawings. For the sake of explanation, the method has been illustrated and described in a series of blocks, but the invention is not limited to the order of said blocks, and some blocks may occur in a different order or simultaneously with other blocks as illustrated and described herein, and various other branches, flow paths, and sequences of blocks may be implemented to achieve the same or similar results. Furthermore, not all illustrated blocks may be required for the implementation of the method described herein.

[0118] The coronary artery pressure estimation device of the embodiments of the present invention may be included in and used with other devices, such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation devices, or included in or linked with various healthcare devices, such as smartphones.

[0119] Meanwhile, embodiments of the present invention may include a program for performing the methods described herein on a computer, and a computer-readable recording medium containing said program. The computer-readable recording medium may include program instructions, local data files, local data structures, etc., either alone or in combination. The medium may be one specifically designed and configured for the present invention, or one that is commonly available in the field of computer software. Examples of computer-readable recording media include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks, and magnetic tapes; optical recording media such as CD-ROMs and DVDs; and hardware devices specifically configured to store and execute program instructions, such as ROM, RAM, and flash memory. Examples of said programs may include machine code, such as that generated by a compiler, as well as high-level language code that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter, etc.

[0120] Although representative embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications can be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the described embodiments, but should be defined by the claims set forth below as well as equivalents thereof. Explanation of the symbols

[0121] 100: Device for estimating coronary artery pressure 110: Processor 120: Memory

Claims

Claim 1 One or more processors; An apparatus for estimating coronary artery pressure, comprising a memory storing one or more programs executed by one or more processors, wherein the processor: receives a first blood pressure signal of a subject and receives a second blood pressure signal of the subject, and estimates coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) based on the difference between the first blood pressure signal and the second blood pressure signal, wherein the first blood pressure signal includes arterial blood pressure (ABP) and the second blood pressure signal includes central venous pressure (CVP), and wherein the processor: assigns a state value to the first blood pressure signal, thereby: if the first blood pressure signal is an initial value, the state value of the first blood pressure signal is set to a first value; if the first blood pressure signal is a preset value and the derivative coefficient of the first blood pressure signal is positive, the state value of the first blood pressure signal is set to a second value; and if the first blood pressure signal exceeds a preset value, the state value of the first blood pressure signal is set to a third value, and wherein A coronary artery pressure estimation device that, when a first blood pressure signal is a preset value and the derivative coefficient of the first blood pressure signal is negative, sets the state value of the first blood pressure signal to a fourth value, and when the first blood pressure signal is less than the preset value, sets the state value of the first blood pressure signal to a fifth value, and based on the state value, specifies at least one of the lowest point of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in the first blood pressure signal and the highest point of systolic blood pressure (SBP) in the first blood pressure signal, wherein the lowest point of diastolic blood pressure is specified as a point corresponding to the low peak value closest to the second value. Claim 2 delete Claim 3 A coronary artery pressure estimation device according to claim 1, wherein the processor determines the period of the coronary artery pressure based on the period of the first blood pressure signal. Claim 4 A coronary artery pressure estimation device according to claim 1, wherein the processor specifies the period of the first blood pressure signal based on at least one of the diastolic minimum and the systolic maximum. Claim 5 delete Claim 6 delete Claim 7 delete Claim 8 A coronary artery pressure estimation device according to claim 1, wherein the processor: specifies the peak point of the systole as a point corresponding to the highest high peak value among the third values. Claim 9 A coronary artery pressure estimation device according to claim 1, wherein the previously set value includes the average value of one cycle of arterial pressure. Claim 10 A coronary artery pressure estimation device according to claim 1, wherein the systole of the coronary artery pressure and the diastolic phase of the coronary artery pressure each occupy the cycle of the coronary artery pressure in a ratio of 1:

2. Claim 11 A healthcare device comprising a coronary artery pressure estimation device according to any one of claims 1, 3, 4, and 8 through 10. Claim 12 In Clause 11, the healthcare device is a healthcare device that is a cardiopulmonary resuscitation device. Claim 13 A method performed by a coronary artery pressure estimation device comprising: one or more processors; and a memory storing one or more programs executed by said one or more processors, the method comprising: receiving a first blood pressure signal of a subject; receiving a second blood pressure signal of said subject; and estimating coronary artery pressure (CPP) based on the difference between the first blood pressure signal and the second blood pressure signal, wherein the first blood pressure signal includes arterial blood pressure (ABP) and the second blood pressure signal includes central venous pressure (CVP), and the step of estimating coronary artery pressure comprises: assigning a state value to the first blood pressure signal; The method comprises the step of specifying at least one of the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and the systolic blood pressure (SBP) in the first blood pressure signal based on the state value, and the step of assigning a state value to the first blood pressure signal comprises: setting the state value of the first blood pressure signal to a first value when the first blood pressure signal is an initial value; setting the state value of the first blood pressure signal to a second value when the first blood pressure signal is a preset value and the derivative of the first blood pressure signal is positive; setting the state value of the first blood pressure signal to a third value when the first blood pressure signal exceeds a preset value; and setting the state value of the first blood pressure signal to a fourth value when the first blood pressure signal is a preset value and the derivative of the first blood pressure signal is negative.A method for estimating coronary artery pressure, comprising the step of setting a state value of the first blood pressure signal to a fifth value when the first blood pressure signal is less than a preset value, and the step of specifying at least one of the diastolic minimum point and the systolic maximum point includes the step of specifying the diastolic minimum point as a point corresponding to the low peak value closest to the second value. Claim 14 delete Claim 15 A method for estimating coronary artery pressure according to claim 13, wherein the step of estimating coronary artery pressure includes the step of determining the period of the coronary artery pressure based on the period of the first blood pressure signal. Claim 16 A method for estimating coronary artery pressure according to claim 13, wherein the period of the first blood pressure signal is determined based on at least one of the lowest point of the diastolic period and the highest point of the systolic period (Systolic Blood Pressure; SBP). Claim 17 delete Claim 18 delete Claim 19 delete Claim 20 A method for estimating coronary artery pressure according to claim 13, wherein the step of specifying at least one of the lowest point of the diastolic period and the highest point of the systolic period includes the step of specifying the highest point of the systolic period as a point corresponding to the highest high peak value among the third values. Claim 21 A method for estimating coronary artery pressure according to claim 13, wherein the previously set value includes the average value of one cycle of arterial pressure. Claim 22 A method for estimating coronary artery pressure according to claim 13, wherein the systole of the coronary artery pressure and the diastolic phase of the coronary artery pressure each occupy the cycle of the coronary artery pressure in a ratio of 1:2.

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