Digital Construction Standards Library, Construction Methods, and Computor Programs utilizing them
A digital construction standards library with a hierarchical structure integrates construction standards into BIM models, addressing the inefficiencies of code-based systems by enabling automatic compliance checks and practical procedure integration.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- KR · KR
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- KOREA INST OF CIVIL ENG & BUILDING TECH
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-29
AI Technical Summary
Conventional code-based construction standards fail to provide standards based on practical construction procedures, leading to inefficiencies and errors in the construction industry, especially with the increasing use of BIM models, as they do not effectively integrate with object-based information and require expert judgment for compliance.
A digital construction standards library with a hierarchical structure is developed, integrating construction standards into an object-based BIM model, allowing for automatic compliance calculations and reflecting practical procedures through a structured map that links objects, procedures, review elements, and construction standards.
The solution provides a normalized standard map that can be utilized in practical construction procedures, enabling visualization and automatic compliance checking of construction standards within BIM models, improving efficiency and reducing errors.
Smart Images
Figure 112025134043095-PAT00010_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technology Field
[0001] The present invention relates to a digital construction standards library, a method for constructing the same, and a computer program using the same. Specifically, it relates to a digital construction standards library, a method for constructing the same, and a computer program using the same, wherein a standard map with a hierarchical structure reflecting practical procedures is constructed for each project stage of a construction project, including design or construction, and the hierarchical structure of the standard map is structured to enable integration into an object-based BIM model. Background Technology
[0002] As the construction industry still relies heavily on 2D drawings throughout its entire life cycle—including planning, surveying, basic design, detailed design, construction, and maintenance—it is difficult to understand the space, which increases the likelihood of errors. Furthermore, there are many limitations in productivity and efficiency, such as inefficiency in reprinting and redistribution due to drawing modifications, and discrepancies between design and construction resulting from a lack of coordination among planning, surveying, design, construction, and maintenance.
[0003] Furthermore, at construction sites, the occurrence of fundamental errors and accidents during the design and construction phases is increasing due to factors such as the aging of skilled workers, a decline in advanced personnel, and an increase in foreign workers. This is because, although it is necessary to accurately determine whether design outcomes and construction phases comply with construction standards, non-experts cannot accurately judge whether the design or construction meets these standards, as matters regarding construction standards still rely entirely on documentary information.
[0004] Meanwhile, in Korea, from 1980, when construction standards were established, until 2015, reliance was placed on printed construction standards such as the Road Bridge Design Standards. After 2016, the standards were standardized and systematized into electronic file formats and digitized so that construction standards could be searched on web portals, thereby establishing a computerized code system based on large, medium, and small codes that are easy for engineers to find, such as "KDS 00 00 00".
[0005] However, conventional code-based construction standards failed to provide standards based on practical construction procedures, resulting in inefficiency where one had no choice but to consult manuals or search computerized databases for construction standards regarding specific parts or components of the target structure every time.
[0006] In this regard, Registered Patent No. 10-2009649, "System and Method for Searching Building Regulation Information by Building Regulation Classification System" (Registered on August 6, 2019, hereinafter referred to as the "Prior Art Document"), has been proposed. The aforementioned Prior Art Document proposes a method to extract and review only the relevant provisions of building-related laws suitable for the user's search conditions based on a building regulation classification system.
[0007] The aforementioned prior art literature facilitates the search for laws and the extraction of information by constructing an attribute information database and digitizing it, based on a classification system that categorizes conventional building-related laws into major, medium, minor, and sub-minor categories. However, the prior art literature emphasizes accuracy by requiring experts to determine whether a project complies with specific construction standards.
[0008] In particular, as the use of BIM is increasingly encouraged in the construction industry, it is expected that the sector will grow based on BIM in the long term. Furthermore, the entire lifecycle of the construction industry—encompassing not only design but also planning, surveying, construction, and maintenance—is planned to be based on BIM. However, despite the maturing nature of BIM-based work practices, relying solely on conventional code-based construction standards has limitations in improving work efficiency and productivity.
[0009] This is because BIM models converted to possess the IFC schema generate object-based information regarding parts (e.g., bridge superstructure) and members (e.g., girders on the bridge superstructure), necessitating a new object-based construction standards management system; however, matters concerning construction standards still rely solely on existing digitized documents.
[0010] Therefore, a new approach is required to provide construction standards necessary for the design or construction of facilities based on BIM model objects by mutually linking BIM model objects with construction standards. Prior art literature
[0011] Republic of Korea Registered Patent No. 10-2009649 (Registered Aug. 6, 2019) Republic of Korea Registered Patent No. 10-2009651 (Registered Aug. 6, 2019) The problem to be solved
[0012] The present invention is proposed to resolve the problems of the aforementioned prior art and aims to provide a standardized reference map reflecting construction standards that can be utilized in the practical procedures of design or construction of construction projects, and at the same time, to provide a structured digital construction standard library that enables integration into an object-based BIM model at each stage of a project using the produced reference map.
[0013] In addition, this invention relates to a digital construction standard library that provides digital construction standards structured in the form of variables to reflect elements that are difficult to define based on objects, such as practical procedures, into a BIM model and to automatically calculate whether they comply with construction standards, a method for constructing the same, and a computer program using the same. means of solving the problem
[0014] The method (M) for constructing a digital construction standard library according to the present invention comprises: (a) a step of constructing a standard map of a hierarchical structure linked in the order of ‘object’ - ‘procedure’ - ‘review element’ - ‘construction standard’ defined by each ‘stage’ of a project including design or construction; and (b) a step of constructing a digital construction standard library structured so that the hierarchical structure of the standard map can be integrated into an object-based BIM model.
[0015] In addition, (a) in the reference map construction stage, the 'objects' of the reference map are formed to have a hierarchical object classification system, and a 'procedure' can be linked to correspond to each 'object' according to the object classification system.
[0016] In addition, (a) in the reference map construction phase, each ‘procedure’ can be linked to one or more ‘practical procedures’ and n ‘review items’ for each ‘practical procedure’.
[0017] In addition, each 'review item' is linked to n 'review elements', and each 'review element' can be linked to 1 'construction standard'.
[0018] Additionally, the above step (b) may include (b-1) a step of integrating the 'practical procedure' into an 'object' at a level in the linked object classification system, or converting it into 'installation information' including location, direction, or section as a sub-level for the said 'object' and linking it.
[0019] Additionally, prior to the above step (b-1), a step of preprocessing a specific 'object' defined in (b-0) so that it has a consistent level regardless of the 'level' or the upper hierarchy of the object classification system may be further included.
[0020] Additionally, the above step (b) may include (b-2) a step of constructing a 'digital construction standard' by classifying the characteristic value of the 'construction standard' into quantitative or qualitative, and structuring it into a variable form that allows for the assignment of instance values so that calculations can be performed in an application program when the characteristic value is quantitative.
[0021] In addition, the 'digital construction standard' of step (b-2) above may include input variables, output variables, and review locations as variables.
[0022] In addition, the above reference map is formed so that 'objects' linked to each 'stage' of the project have the same object classification system, and the 'objects' defined for each 'stage' may differ from one another.
[0023] Meanwhile, the digital construction standards library of the present invention is constructed by the construction method described above and is characterized by being structured to have a hierarchical structure linked in the order of 'object' - 'review item' - 'review element' - 'digital construction standards' for each 'stage' of a project, so that it can be integrated into an object-based BIM model.
[0024] In addition, 'installation information' including location, direction, or section is additionally linked as a sub-layer to the above 'object', and 'review items' can be linked as a sub-layer to the 'installation information'.
[0025] In addition, the above 'digital construction standard' may include input variables, output variables, and review locations as variables.
[0026] Furthermore, the present invention relates to a computer program that integrates a digital construction standard library into an object-based BIM model by being executed by a computer device having memory and a processor in the form of BIM Add-in software or software for IFC files targeting BIM models. The digital construction standard library is structured to have a hierarchical structure linked in the order of 'Object' - 'Installation Information' - 'Review Item' - 'Review Element' - 'Digital Construction Standard' for each 'stage' of a project so as to be integrated into an object-based BIM model, thereby presenting the digital construction standards required for each stage of the project in the object-based BIM model. The 'Installation Information' includes location, direction, or section as a sub-layer of the 'Object' so as to reflect construction standard information regarding 'practical procedures', and the 'Digital Construction Standard' includes input variables, output variables, and review locations (relative locations within the 'Object') as variables to which instance values defined in the 'Object' can be assigned so as to enable calculation of whether it conforms to the construction standards. Effects of the invention
[0027] According to the digital construction standard library, the method for constructing the same, and the computer program using the same of the present invention, by primarily constructing a standard map with a hierarchical structure reflecting construction standards, a normalized standard map that can be utilized in the practical procedures of design or construction of construction work can be provided.
[0028] Furthermore, by structuring the hierarchical structure of the above-mentioned reference map to enable integration into an object-based BIM model and constructing a digital construction standards library, construction standards required for each stage of a project, including the design or construction of a construction project, can be visualized in the object-based BIM model.
[0029] Specifically, by converting 'practical procedures' into 'installation information' that includes parts, directions, or sections and linking them, elements that are difficult to define based on objects can also be effectively integrated into the BIM model.
[0030] Above all, it supports the automatic calculation of whether a construction standard is complied with by establishing a 'Digital Construction Standard' that classifies the characteristic values of the 'Construction Standard' into quantitative or qualitative categories and structures them into variable forms capable of assigning instance values so that computations can be performed by applications when the characteristic value is quantitative.
[0031] In this case, the 'Digital Construction Standard' is constructed to include input variables, output variables, and review locations, so that information regarding the review location can also be reflected in the variables for calculation.
[0032] Furthermore, the object classification system constituting the standard map of the present invention and the procedure based on the standard procedure diagram can be newly defined and constructed by the user to reflect construction standards according to new technology. Brief explanation of the drawing
[0033] FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the hierarchical structure of a reference map according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2a is a block diagram illustrating a 'procedure' linked to a lower layer of an 'object' according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2b is a block diagram illustrating a 'review item' linked to a lower layer of a 'practical procedure' according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a reference map regarding the design of a road passage culvert according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating the process of constructing a digital construction standard library according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating the process of converting 'installation information' of a method for constructing a digital construction standard library according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a construction standard according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 is a variable definition table structured from the construction standards of Figure 6 into digital construction standards. FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a computer program that controls the integration of the digital construction standard library of the present invention into a BIM model. FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating the method for constructing a digital construction standard library of the present invention in chronological order. Specific details for implementing the invention
[0034] In the following, preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail based on the details illustrated in the drawings; however, specific descriptions of related known functions or configurations are omitted if it is determined that such descriptions may unnecessarily obscure the essence of the present invention.
[0035] Currently, all code-based construction standards have been computerized, but there was a limitation in that construction standards could not be effectively provided to reflect practical construction procedures simply by providing them at the DB level. Accordingly, first, the present invention defines review items for each object according to the practical procedures of construction work as shown in FIG. 1, and forms a standard map, which is a data map constructed by linking construction standards corresponding to each review item.
[0036] The standard map of the present invention has a hierarchical structure, defined by an object-specific procedure based on an object classification system, and formed by linking corresponding review elements and construction standards for each procedure, and constructed to have a hierarchical structure linked in the order of project 'stage' - 'object' - 'procedure' - 'review element' - 'construction standard' (Step (a)). Preferably, each 'procedure' can be linked to one or more 'practical procedures' and n 'review items' corresponding to each 'practical procedure'.
[0037] More specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the 'stage' of the project is the highest level corresponding to the stages of construction work, and includes the design stage and the construction stage, and may additionally include the planning stage and the investigation stage. That is, the reference map is constructed differently by distinguishing it from the 'stage', such as the 'design reference map' and the 'construction reference map'.
[0038] The 'objects', which are a sub-level of the 'stages' of the above-mentioned project, are formed to possess an object classification system with a hierarchical structure. The object classification system of the present invention defines objects necessary for practical procedures and construction standard reviews based on expert review and investigation, and is formed to possess a hierarchical structure having upper and lower levels.
[0039] An object classification system according to one embodiment basically has a hierarchical structure from Level 1 to Level 5, where Level 1 is a project unit such as a road project, a railway project, a port development project, an airport construction project, a smart city project, etc., Level 2 is a facility unit such as ancillary facilities, main roads, bridges, tunnels, etc., Level 3 is a structure unit such as an ED bridge, an underpass, a sound barrier, a retaining wall, etc., Level 4 is a part unit such as a bridge upper section, lower section, foundation, slab, wall, etc., and Level 5 is a member unit such as a reinforcing girder, truss, arch, support, etc.
[0040] However, the level depth of the above object classification system can be defined by adding levels depending on the nature of the project. For example, depending on the characteristics of the work, the level depth can be subdivided differently as follows: 'ventilator' (Level 5) -> 'fan' (Level 6) -> 'screw' (Level 7).
[0041] The above reference map is formed to have the same object classification system regardless of the project's 'stage', but since each 'stage' defines only the objects required within the same object classification system, the 'objects' defined for each 'stage' are different from one another.
[0042] Meanwhile, as illustrated in FIG. 2a, the 'procedure' which is a sub-layer of the 'object' in the reference map is based on a standard procedure diagram defined by an expert in the form of a flowchart for practical procedures for each object, and is linked so that a 'procedure' corresponds to each 'object' according to the object classification system.
[0043] At this time, the 'procedure' based on the standard procedure diagram can be newly defined and constructed by the user to reflect construction standards according to new technology. In addition, each 'procedure' can be linked to one or more 'practical procedures' and n 'review items' corresponding to each 'practical procedure'.
[0044] The embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2a shows that, in the design phase, the 'procedure' corresponding to [reinforced girder] at Level 5 (member unit) is composed of five time-series 'practical procedures' according to the standard procedure diagram: [selection of design conditions] -> [load calculation and combination] -> [aggregation of member forces] -> [review of reinforced girder longitudinal section] -> [review of reinforced girder transverse section].
[0045] Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 2b, the 'review items' which are a sub-level of the 'practical procedure' are categorized into items for the contents to be reviewed within the practical procedure according to the standard procedure diagram, and are linked so that n 'review items' correspond to each 'practical procedure'.
[0046] In addition, 'review elements', which are sub-levels of 'review items', are detailed items constituting each review item, and are linked so that n 'review elements' correspond to each 'review item', and one 'construction standard' corresponds to each 'review element', thereby constructing a standard map of a hierarchical structure linked in the order of 'object' - 'practical procedure' - 'review item' - 'review element' - 'construction standard' defined by the 'phase' of the project.
[0047] FIG. 3 illustrates a reference map of the design stage according to an embodiment of the present invention. The [passage culvert] at level 3 (structure unit) of the object classification system is composed of [main body], [accessory], etc., at level 4 (part unit) of the object classification system, and the [main body] is composed of [upper slab], [lower slab], etc., at level 5 (part unit). The [upper slab], which is an 'object' at level 5, is composed of 'practical procedures' such as [upper slab design] -> [joint (corner) design] -> [waterproofing treatment part design] according to a standard procedure diagram as a 'procedure'. Among the 'practical procedures', [upper slab design] is composed of [extreme limit state review], [service limit state review], etc., as 'review items', and among the 'review items', [extreme limit state review] is composed of [member minimum thickness], [member cover thickness], [member effective depth], etc., as 'review elements'. It can be confirmed that each 'review element' is structured and linked to the finally coded 'construction standards'.
[0048] According to the standard map of the present invention described above, the problem that conventional code-based construction standards fail to provide construction standards according to practical construction procedures is improved, and a normalized data map reflecting construction standards according to procedures can be provided so that it can be utilized in the design or construction practice of construction projects.
[0049] Meanwhile, the digital construction standards library of the present invention can be defined as a structured digital information structure in which the hierarchical structure of the aforementioned standard map is converted so that it can be integrated into an object-based BIM model. If the standard map is a data map proposed for the purpose of normalizing practical procedures, the digital construction standards library is a digital information classification system proposed for the purpose of applying construction standards based on BIM models.
[0050] FIG. 4 conceptually illustrates the step of constructing a structured digital construction standard library so that the hierarchical structure of the reference map of the present invention can be integrated into an object-based BIM model (Step (b)).
[0051] As illustrated in Fig. 4, the 'procedures' of the reference map are converted into 'objects', 'installation information', and 'review items'. More specifically, the 'practical procedures' of the 'procedures' are integrated into 'objects' at the level of the linked object classification system, or converted into 'installation information' that includes location, direction, or section as a sub-level for the corresponding 'objects' and linked (Step (b-1)). At this time, the 'review items' of the reference map are similarly transferred as 'review items' in the digital construction standards library as well.
[0052] In addition, 'construction standards' are classified into quantitative or qualitative based on characteristic values, and when the characteristic value is quantitative, 'digital construction standards' are constructed by structuring it into a variable form that allows for the assignment of instance values so that calculations can be performed in an application program (Step (b-2)).
[0053] More specifically, there are limitations in that the 'procedures' of a reference map are difficult to reflect in an object-based BIM model. Accordingly, the present invention integrates the 'practical procedures' of the reference map into 'objects' or converts them into 'installation information' including location, direction, or section, thereby linking them. In one embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 5, [Upper Slab] at Level 5 (member unit) of the object classification system is composed of [Upper Slab Design], [Joining (Corner) Design], [Waterproofing Treatment Design], and [Main Reinforcement Design] as 'procedures'. Each is either integrated into [Upper Slab], which is an 'object' of the linked level of the object classification system, or converted into [Joining (Corner)], [Waterproofing Treatment], and [Main Reinforcement] as 'installation information' corresponding to the lower layer of the 'object' and linked. At this time, 'installation information' can be defined as information regarding the location, direction, or section related to the 'practical procedures' that has been converted.
[0054] Meanwhile, to build a digital construction standards library using a reference map, a step of preprocessing can be performed so that a specific 'object' defined has a consistent level so that it is not defined differently depending on the 'stage' or the upper layer of the object classification system (Step (b-0)). For example, it is desirable to preprocess the object [Bridge] on the reference map so that it has a consistent level so that it is not defined as Level 2 (ancillary facilities) or Level 3 (structure) respectively when Level 1 (project unit) is [Road Project] and when it is [Railway Project].
[0055] In addition, the aforementioned 'Digital Construction Standard' is intended to support applications, such as BIM Add-in software or separate standard review calculation software, in automatically calculating whether it complies with construction standards. It is formed by structuring the 'Construction Standard' of the standard map into a variable form capable of assigning instance values, and converting it to include input variables, output variables, and review locations.
[0056] Specifically, 'construction standards' are classified into quantitative or qualitative depending on the characteristic value. For example, as shown in Fig. 6, construction standard [KDS 44 90 00 4.7.5 (1)] stipulates that "in the case of a flexural member cross-section for which the required amount of reinforcement is calculated by analysis, a reinforcement amount greater than or equal to the larger of the following values must be placed," and thus, since calculations can be performed using instance values defined in 'objects', this corresponds to a case where the characteristic value is quantitative. On the other hand, 'construction standards' such as "slabs must be poured flat" correspond to a case where the characteristic value is qualitative.
[0057] In addition, as illustrated in Fig. 7, when the characteristic value of the 'construction standard' is quantitative, it is structured in the form of a variable that allows for the assignment of instance values so that calculations can be performed in the application program; therefore, the input variable is the design standard compressive strength of concrete (f ck ), yield strength of reinforcing steel (f y ), width of the member (b w), including the effective depth (d) of the member, and the output variable is the minimum cross-sectional area (A) of the reinforcement. o, min ) is included, and 'review position' is a relative position within the corresponding 'object', and can be variableized so that a position value is assigned, such as bottom, left, or center.
[0058] The above 'review location' is assigned a location value so that the characteristics of the object based on its location are reflected in the BIM model, thereby supporting the review of digital construction standards at the detailed location level of the object in the BIM model.
[0059] Meanwhile, the 'digital construction standard' of the present invention is defined as not including only construction standards where the characteristic value is quantitative, but also including construction standards where the characteristic value is qualitative.
[0060] According to the digital construction standard library of the present invention, the hierarchical structure of the standard map is structured to have a hierarchical structure linked in the order of 'object' - 'installation information' - 'review item' - 'review element' - 'digital construction standard' for each 'stage' of the project, so that the hierarchical structure of the standard map can be integrated into an object-based BIM model, thereby enabling the construction standards required for each stage of a project, including the design or construction of a construction project, to be displayed in the object-based BIM model.
[0061] In particular, the quantitative 'construction standard' supports the automatic calculation of whether it complies with the construction standard by establishing a 'digital construction standard' structured in the form of a variable to which instance values can be assigned, enabling computation in applications.
[0062] Meanwhile, as illustrated in FIG. 8, the present invention may be implemented in the form of a computer program stored on a computer-readable recording medium that controls the integration of the aforementioned digital construction standard library into an object-based BIM model, and preferably implemented in the form of BIM Add-in software or software for an IFC file targeting an already completed BIM model, and may be executed by a computer device (A) having memory (1) and a processor (2).
[0064] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the digital construction standards library, the method for constructing the same, and the computer program using the same according to the present invention, as described above, can be implemented in other specific forms without altering the technical concept or essential features of the present invention.
[0065] Therefore, the embodiments described above should be understood as illustrative in all respects and not limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the claims set forth below rather than by the foregoing detailed description, and all modifications or variations derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and equivalents should be interpreted as being included within the scope of the invention. Explanation of the symbols
[0066] M: Method for constructing a digital construction standards library A: Computer device 1: Memory 2: Processor
Claims
Claim 1 delete Claim 2 delete Claim 3 delete Claim 4 delete Claim 5 delete Claim 6 delete Claim 7 delete Claim 8 delete Claim 9 delete Claim 10 delete Claim 11 delete Claim 12 delete Claim 13 A computer program stored on a computer-readable recording medium, wherein the digital construction standards library is executed by a computer device having memory and a processor in the form of BIM Add-in software or software for IFC files targeting BIM models, and wherein the digital construction standards library is structured to have a hierarchical structure linked in the order of 'object' - 'installation information' - 'review item' - 'review element' - 'digital construction standards' for each 'stage' of a project so as to be integrated into an object-based BIM model, thereby presenting the digital construction standards required for each stage of the project in the object-based BIM model, wherein the 'installation information' includes location, direction, or section as a sub-layer to the 'object' so as to reflect construction standard information regarding 'practical procedures', and the 'digital construction standards' include input variables, output variables, and review locations (relative locations within the 'object') as variables to which instance values defined in the 'object' can be assigned so as to enable calculation of whether they comply with the construction standards.