Wireless detonation system, relay device for wireless detonation system, and wireless detonation method using wireless detonation system

Abstract

The wireless detonation system (1) has a blasting operation device (40), a detonating detonator (10), and a relay device (30). The blasting operation device (40) is installed away from the face (71) and transmits a first downward wireless signal of a first frequency. The detonating detonator (10) is loaded into a charge hole (72) of the face (71) and has a receiving coil (12) that receives a second downward wireless signal of a second frequency lower than the first frequency. The relay device (30) has a first transmitting / receiving antenna (35) that receives the first downward wireless signal, a relay processor (32) that processes the reception of the first downward wireless signal and processes the transmission of the second downward wireless signal of the second frequency, and a second transmitting / receiving antenna (37) that transmits the second downward wireless signal. The second transmitting and receiving antenna (37) is loaded into the insertion hole (74) of the face (71) parallel to the charge hole (72).

Description

Technology Field

[0001] One embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a wireless detonation system used at excavation sites such as tunnels, crushing sites such as rocks, or crushing sites for structures such as buildings. Furthermore, the present embodiment relates to a wireless detonation relay device used in the wireless detonation system, and a wireless detonation method using the wireless detonation system. Background Technology

[0002] A wireless detonation system used in blasting operations at tunnel excavation sites, etc., comprises a wireless detonator and a blasting control device. The wireless detonator is loaded together with explosives into a plurality of charge holes that are open in the direction of excavation on the face of the blasting target. The charge holes are, for example, several centimeters in diameter and several meters deep. The blasting control device is installed at a remote location away from the face. The wireless detonator and the blasting control device each have a transmitting and receiving antenna.

[0003] The wireless detonation system of Japanese Patent Publication No. 5630390 has an antenna on the blasting control device side installed near the face of the explosion. The antenna on the blasting control device side is installed in a loop sized to surround a plurality of explosive holes on the blasting surface, for example, at a distance of about 1 m from the face of the explosion. The antenna on the blasting control device side wirelessly transmits a control signal, including operating energy or a detonation signal, toward a wireless detonator. An antenna on the explosive side receives the operating energy or the control signal from the blasting control device. The operating energy is stored in a capacitor element of the wireless detonator. The wireless detonator transmits a response signal, including its own operating state based on the control signal, via radio waves through the antenna on the explosive side. The blasting control device receives the radio waves through its antenna. The blasting control device recognizes from the response signal that the charging of the wireless detonator is complete. Subsequently, the blasting control device transmits a detonation signal to the wireless detonator, and the wireless detonator detonates the explosive.

[0004] The antenna on the blasting control device side transmits operating energy from outside the face of the blasting area to the antenna on the explosive side inside the charge hole. The wireless detonation systems of Japanese Patent Publication No. 5630390 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 4309001 install a large antenna on the blasting control device side near the blasting surface. The wireless detonation system of Japanese Patent Publication No. 6612769 installs a large antenna on the blasting control device side at the ignition site. Consequently, there was the effort required to install a large antenna on the blasting control device side. Furthermore, there were cases where workability was poor due to restrictions on the locations where the antenna on the blasting control device side could be installed.

[0005] The antenna on the blasting operation device side transmits operating energy or control signals to the explosive side antenna through the rock. The antennas on the blasting operation device side of Japanese Patent Publication No. 5630390, Japanese Patent Publication No. 4309001, and Japanese Patent Publication No. 6612769 transmit operating energy or control signals with relatively large power (e.g., exceeding several watts) and low frequencies, such as 1 kHz to 500 kHz, which are easy to penetrate through the rock. Therefore, there were cases where countermeasures such as electromagnetic shielding were required to prevent electromagnetic waves from leaking to the outside of the tunnel. The problem to be solved

[0006] The wireless detonation system of Japanese Patent Publication No. 2019-66092 installed an auxiliary antenna by extending it from the wireless detonator to the outside of the charge hole. As a result, the antenna on the blasting control device side and the antenna on the explosive side can transmit and receive at high frequencies, such as 1 M to 10 GHz, which are difficult to penetrate through bedrock. However, since it is necessary to extend an auxiliary antenna for each wireless detonator, the loading operation of the wireless detonator becomes cumbersome. Therefore, there has been a conventional need for a wireless detonation system that can efficiently install communication equipment between the antenna on the blasting control device side and the antenna on the explosive side, and also prevent signals transmitted and received between the antenna on the blasting control device side and the antenna on the explosive side from leaking to the surroundings. means of solving the problem

[0007] According to one feature of the present disclosure, a wireless detonation system comprises a blasting operation device, a detonating detonator, and a relay device. The blasting operation device is installed away from the blasting target and transmits a first downward wireless signal of a first frequency. The detonating detonator is loaded into the charge hole of the blasting target and has an explosive-side receiving antenna that receives a second downward wireless signal of a second frequency lower than the first frequency. The relay device has a first receiving antenna that receives the first downward wireless signal, a relay processor that processes the reception of the first downward wireless signal and processes it for transmission as a second downward wireless signal of a second frequency, and a second transmitting antenna that transmits the second downward wireless signal. The second transmitting antenna is loaded into an insertion hole of the blasting target parallel to the charge hole.

[0008] Therefore, the relay device and the detonator communicate wirelessly using a second frequency, which is a relatively low frequency. For example, the relay device and the detonator communicate wirelessly using a low frequency that penetrates the rock mass constituting the blasting target. Since both the relay device and the detonator are installed in a hole formed in the blasting target, they are located in close proximity to each other. Therefore, the relay device and the detonator can communicate using a wireless signal with a small power of, for example, a few watts or less. Meanwhile, the relay device and the blasting control device communicate wirelessly using a first frequency, which is a high frequency. As a result, signal leakage to the surroundings, such as outside the tunnel that is the blasting target, can be suppressed.

[0009] According to another feature of the present disclosure, the detonator has an explosive-side transmitting antenna that transmits a second uplink radio signal of a second frequency. The relay device has a second receiving antenna that receives the second uplink radio signal, a relay processor that processes the reception of the second uplink radio signal and processes it for transmission as a first uplink radio signal of a first frequency, and a first transmitting antenna that transmits the first uplink radio signal. The blasting control device receives the first uplink radio signal. Accordingly, the aforementioned effect can be obtained not only with the downlink radio signal transmitted from the blasting control device to the detonator through the relay device, but also with the opposite uplink radio signal.

[0010] According to another feature of the present disclosure, the explosive-side receiving antenna and the explosive-side transmitting antenna are a common antenna. The first receiving antenna and the first transmitting antenna are a common antenna. The second receiving antenna and the second transmitting antenna are a common antenna. Thus, the number of components in the entire system can be reduced.

[0011] According to another feature of the present disclosure, the relay device has a housing into which part or all is inserted into an insertion hole. A first receiving antenna, a second transmitting antenna, and a relay processor are integrally formed in the housing. Alternatively, the relay device has a plurality of housings into which the insertion hole is inserted. A first receiving antenna is formed in one of the plurality of housings. A second transmitting antenna is formed in one of the plurality of housings. A relay processor is formed in one of the plurality of housings. Accordingly, the relay device is supported on the blasting target through the housing. Therefore, the relay device is easily inserted into and supported on the blasting target.

[0012] According to another feature of the present disclosure, the housing has an inner end installed inside the insertion hole. A second transmitting antenna is formed at the inner end. A first receiving antenna is formed at the front end of the housing opposite the inner end. Accordingly, the second transmitting antenna is located at a location close to the detonator loaded inside the charge hole. Therefore, the relay device and the detonator can communicate with a signal using a smaller power. Meanwhile, the first receiving antenna is located at a location close to the opening of the insertion hole. Accordingly, the first receiving antenna can communicate with the blasting operation device via a wireless signal without being obstructed by the rock mass or other objects constituting the blasting target.

[0013] According to another feature of the present disclosure, the front end of the housing is installed protruding from the blasting target through an insertion hole together with the first receiving antenna. Accordingly, the relay device and the blasting operation device can communicate via wireless signals without being blocked by the rock or other objects constituting the blasting target. Additionally, the first receiving antenna protrudes from the blasting target by utilizing the housing maintained on the blasting target. Therefore, the first receiving antenna is supported on the blasting target in a simple structure.

[0014] According to another feature of the present disclosure, the second frequency is 1 kHz to 500 kHz, which penetrates the bedrock. The first frequency is 1 MHz to 10 GHz. Therefore, the relay device and the detonator can preferably communicate wirelessly within the bedrock. In addition, the frequency bands of the first frequency and the second frequency are separated. Because of this, interference between the signal of the first frequency and the signal of the second frequency is suppressed, and erroneous communication can be suppressed.

[0015] According to another feature of the present disclosure, a detonator loading unit is provided for loading a detonator into a charge hole. The detonator loading unit has a loading unit-side communication device capable of communicating with a second frequency wireless signal to an explosive-side receiving antenna of a detonator before it is loaded into the charge hole. Accordingly, the process of communicating between the detonator and the loading unit-side communication device and the process of loading the detonator into the charge hole can be efficiently carried out in a series of flows. In addition, the explosive-side receiving antenna receiving from the loading unit-side communication device and the explosive-side receiving antenna receiving from the relay device can be common. Therefore, the number of parts for the detonator can be reduced.

[0016] According to another feature of the present disclosure, a detonator has a receiving coil for receiving operating energy and a capacitor for storing operating energy. A detonator loading unit has a supply coil for supplying operating energy to the receiving coil of the detonator before it is loaded into the charge hole. Therefore, the capacitor of the detonator can maintain a state where operating energy is not stored or is low until just before the detonator is loaded into the charge hole. Consequently, when transporting the detonator to the blasting target, it can be transported in a stable state without possessing detonable energy. Furthermore, power supply is performed on the detonator just before it is loaded into the charge hole. Consequently, a capacitor with a relatively small capacity can be used. In this way, the cost of the detonator can be reduced. Additionally, since the power supply time can be shortened, the work can be performed efficiently.

[0017] According to another feature of the present disclosure, the relay device has a receiving coil that receives operating energy from a power supply coil of a detonator loading unit and a capacitor that stores operating energy. Therefore, the relay device can also be powered using the power supply coil that supplies power to the detonating detonator. Consequently, the number of components in the entire system can be reduced. Additionally, the capacitor of the relay device is charged immediately before the relay device is inserted into the insertion hole. Consequently, the capacitance of the capacitor can be reduced to the minimum amount required for communication.

[0018] According to another feature of the present disclosure, a detonator loading unit is formed in an explosive delivery unit that delivers explosives loaded into a charge hole. Accordingly, the process of loading a detonating detonator into a charge hole and the process of loading explosives ahead of the detonating detonator in the charge hole can be efficiently carried out in a series of flows.

[0019] According to another feature of the present disclosure, a relay device for a wireless detonation system has a first receiving antenna, a relay processor, and a second transmitting antenna. The first receiving antenna receives a first downward wireless signal of a first frequency from a blasting operation device installed apart from the blasting target. The relay processor processes the first downward wireless signal and processes it for transmission as a second downward wireless signal of a second frequency lower than the first frequency. The second transmitting antenna transmits the second downward wireless signal to the receiving antenna on the explosive side of a detonator loaded into the charge hole of the blasting target. The first receiving antenna, the relay processor, and the second transmitting antenna are mounted in a housing. The housing is loaded into an insertion hole of the blasting target parallel to the charge hole.

[0020] Therefore, the relay device and the detonator communicate wirelessly using a second frequency, which is a relatively low frequency. For example, the relay device and the detonator communicate wirelessly using a low frequency that penetrates the rock mass constituting the blasting target. Since both the relay device and the detonator are installed in a hole formed in the blasting target, they are located in close proximity to each other. Therefore, the relay device and the detonator can communicate using a wireless signal with a small power of, for example, 10 W or less. Meanwhile, the relay device and the blasting control device communicate wirelessly using a first frequency, which is a high frequency. Therefore, signal leakage to the surroundings, such as outside the tunnel that is the blasting target, can be suppressed.

[0021] According to another feature of the present disclosure, a relay device for a wireless detonation system has a second receiving antenna, a relay processor, and a first transmitting antenna. The second receiving antenna receives a second uplink wireless signal of a second frequency transmitted from a detonating detonator. The relay processor processes the second uplink wireless signal and processes it for transmission as a first uplink wireless signal of a first frequency. The first transmitting antenna transmits the first uplink wireless signal. The second receiving antenna, the relay processor, and the first transmitting antenna are mounted in a housing. Accordingly, the aforementioned effects can be obtained not only for the downlink wireless signal transmitted from the blasting operation device to the detonating detonator through the relay device, but also for the opposite uplink wireless signal.

[0022] According to another feature of the present disclosure, the first receiving antenna and the first transmitting antenna are a common antenna. The second receiving antenna and the second transmitting antenna are a common antenna. Thus, the number of components in the entire system can be reduced.

[0023] According to another feature of the present disclosure, a second transmitting antenna is formed at the inner end of a housing installed inside the insertion hole. A first receiving antenna is formed at the front end of the housing opposite the inner end. Accordingly, the second transmitting antenna is located at a location close to the detonator loaded inside the charge hole. Therefore, the relay device and the detonator can communicate with a signal using a smaller power. Meanwhile, the first receiving antenna is located at a location close to the opening of the insertion hole. Therefore, the first receiving antenna can communicate with the blasting operation device via a wireless signal without being obstructed by the rock mass or other objects constituting the blasting target.

[0024] According to another feature of the present disclosure, the front end of the housing is installed protruding from the blasting target through an insertion hole together with the first receiving antenna. Accordingly, the relay device and the blasting operation device can communicate via wireless signals without being blocked by the rock or other objects constituting the blasting target. Additionally, the first receiving antenna protrudes from the blasting target using the housing maintained on the blasting target. Therefore, the first receiving antenna is supported on the blasting target with a simple structure.

[0025] According to another feature of the present disclosure, the second frequency is 1 kHz to 500 kHz, which penetrates the bedrock, and the first frequency is 1 MHz to 10 GHz. Therefore, the relay device and the detonator can preferably communicate wirelessly within the bedrock. In addition, the frequency bands of the first frequency and the second frequency are separated. Because of this, interference between the signal of the first frequency and the signal of the second frequency is suppressed, and erroneous communication can be suppressed.

[0026] Another feature of the present disclosure relates to a wireless detonation method using a wireless detonation system. A blasting control device is installed at a location separated from the blasting target. A relay device is installed in an insertion hole of the blasting target. The blasting control device and the first antenna of the relay device communicate with each other using a wireless signal of a first frequency of 1 MHz to 10 GHz. A detonator is installed in the charge hole of the blasting target. The detonator and the second antenna of the relay device communicate with each other using a wireless signal of a second frequency of 1 kHz to 500 kHz. A relay processor of the relay device receives and processes the signal of the first frequency and also processes the transmission of the signal of the second frequency. Additionally, a relay processor of the relay device receives and processes the signal of the second frequency and also processes the transmission of the signal of the first frequency.

[0027] Therefore, the relay device and the detonator communicate using radio signals ranging from 1 kHz to 500 kHz that penetrate, for example, the rock mass constituting the blasting target. Since both the relay device and the detonator are installed in a hole formed in the blasting target, they are located in close proximity to each other. Thus, the relay device and the detonator can communicate using radio signals with low power, for example, 10 W or less. Meanwhile, the relay device and the blasting control device communicate using radio signals ranging from 1 MHz to 10 GHz, which are relatively high. Therefore, signal leakage to the surrounding area, such as outside the tunnel that is the blasting target, can be suppressed.

[0028] According to another feature of the present disclosure, a blasting control device transmits a first downward wireless signal of a first frequency to a relay device. A relay processor of the relay device receives and processes the first downward wireless signal and processes it for transmission as a second downward wireless signal of a second frequency. The relay device transmits the second downward wireless signal to a detonator. Accordingly, the downward wireless signal of the first frequency transmitted from the blasting control device to the relay device can be suppressed from leaking to the surroundings, such as outside the tunnel that is the target of blasting. The downward wireless signal of the second frequency transmitted from the relay device to the detonator penetrates the rock mass, etc., that constitutes the target of blasting. Therefore, a downward wireless signal can be preferably transmitted from the blasting control device to the detonator through the relay device.

[0029] According to another feature of the present disclosure, a detonator transmits a second uplink radio signal of a second frequency to a relay device. A relay processor of the relay device receives and processes the second uplink radio signal and processes it for transmission as a first uplink radio signal of a first frequency. The relay device transmits the first uplink radio signal to a blasting control device. Accordingly, the aforementioned effect can be obtained not only with the downlink radio signal transmitted from the blasting control device to the detonator through the relay device, but also with the opposite uplink radio signal.

[0030] According to another feature of the present disclosure, a detonator loading unit wirelessly supplies power to a detonator and a relay device in the vicinity of a blasting target. The detonator loading unit loads a charged detonator into the charge hole of the blasting target. The detonator loading unit loads a charged relay device into the insertion hole of the blasting target. Thus, the process of charging the detonator and also loading it into the charge hole, or the process of charging the relay device and also loading it into the insertion hole, can be efficiently carried out in a series of flows in the vicinity of the blasting target. Furthermore, power supply is performed on the detonator immediately before being loaded into the charge hole, or on the relay device immediately before being loaded into the insertion hole. Therefore, a capacitor with a relatively small capacity can be used. In this way, the cost of the detonator and the relay device can be reduced. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall configuration of the wireless detonation system and the tunnel excavation site. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a detonator and a relay device loaded into a hole in the face, and a schematic diagram of a detonator loading unit. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a detonator, a relay device, and a blasting operation device related to the first embodiment. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the detonator and the power supply coil of the detonator loading unit. Figure 5 is a block diagram of a wireless detonation system. Figure 6 is a flowchart showing a series of operations by a wireless detonation system. Figure 7 is a flowchart of the charging process of a detonator in a wireless detonation system. Figure 8 is a flowchart of the detonation preparation process in a wireless detonation system. Figure 9 is a flowchart of the detonation process in a wireless detonation system. FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a relay device and a primer loading unit related to a second embodiment. Figure 11 is a flowchart of the charging process of the relay device of Figure 10. FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a detonator, a relay device, and a blasting operation device related to the third embodiment. FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a detonator, a relay device, and a blasting operation device related to the fourth embodiment. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0032] Preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Identical reference numbers in the description indicate identical elements having the same function, without redundant description. One embodiment of the present disclosure is described according to FIGS. 1 to 9. A wireless detonation system (1) is used to excavate or crush structures such as tunnels, seabeds, rocks, and buildings by detonating explosives. In this embodiment, the excavation site of a tunnel (70) is described as an example as shown in FIG. 1. The tunnel (70) has a face (71) on the inside. In the face (71), a plurality of charge holes (72) are drilled at predetermined intervals in the vertical and horizontal directions. The charge holes (72) extend in the depth direction of the tunnel (70). As shown in FIG. 2, a detonator (10) and a plurality of explosives (2) are loaded into each charge hole (72). The entrance of the charge hole (72) ahead of the explosive (2) is sealed with a sealing material (73) such as clay.

[0033] As shown in FIG. 1, one or more insertion holes (74) for installing a relay device (30) are drilled in the face (71). The insertion holes (74) are positioned at a predetermined distance in the vertical and horizontal directions relative to the multiple charge holes (72) into which explosives (2) are loaded. The insertion holes (74) extend in the depth direction of the tunnel (70) approximately parallel to the multiple charge holes (72). The relay device (30) is inserted into the insertion holes (74). The housing (31) of the relay device (30) protrudes in part from the entrance of the insertion holes (74). The relay device (30) communicates wirelessly with each of the multiple detonators (10) in the charge holes (72).

[0034] As shown in FIG. 1, the wireless detonation system (1) has a blasting operation device (40) installed on the floor of the tunnel (70) or outside the tunnel (70). The blasting operation device (40) is positioned at a distance L1 from the tunnel face (71). The distance L1 is set, for example, to 100 m to 1000 m. The blasting operation device (40) has a transmitting and receiving antenna (47) and can communicate wirelessly with a relay device (30). Therefore, the blasting operation device (40) can communicate wirelessly with each of the multiple detonators (10) in the charge hole (72) through the relay device (30).

[0035] As shown in FIG. 2, the detonator (10) and explosive (2) are loaded into each charge hole (72) using a detonator loading unit (51). The detonator loading unit (51) is formed, for example, in a vehicle-type explosive delivery unit (50). The detonator loading unit (51) is equipped with a power supply device (52) for charging the detonator (10). The power supply device (52) supplies power to the detonator (10) just before the detonator (10) is loaded into the charge hole (72). Alternatively, the power supply device (52) may be formed separately from the detonator loading unit (51) and may be a portable handheld type.

[0036] The detonator (10) is described in detail according to FIGS. 4 and 5. The detonator (10) has a detonator body (11) that is approximately cylindrical in shape. A receiving coil (12) is wound in an annular shape around the approximately central part of the outer surface of the detonator body (11). The number of turns of the receiving coil (12) is at least one turn, for example, at least 10 turns. The receiving coil (12) generates a current of a specific frequency and amplitude by being exposed to an electromagnetic field. The current is used as power for controlling and detonating the detonator (10). The receiving coil (12) also serves as a transmitting and receiving antenna that transmits and receives various signals of a specific frequency. The receiving coil (12) transmits various signals by the flow of a current of a specific frequency and amplitude. The receiving coil (12) receives various signals of a specific frequency and amplitude by being exposed to a specific electromagnetic field. The frequency of the electromagnetic waves is, for example, 1 k to 500 kHz so as to have good penetration into the ground or bedrock, and preferably 10 k or more, for example 200 kHz.

[0037] As shown in FIG. 4, the detonator (10) has a detonator ignition part (13) protruding from one end surface of the detonator body (11). The detonator ignition part (13) extends along the longitudinal direction of the detonator body (11). The detonator ignition part (13) is inserted into a primary charge (2a) which is one of the explosives (2).

[0038] As shown in FIG. 5, the detonator (10) has a tuning circuit (22) electrically connected to a receiving coil (12), a rectifier element (23), and a capacitor circuit (25). The tuning circuit (22) is tuned to the receiving frequency of the current generated when the receiving coil (12) receives power. The rectifier element (23) rectifies the current input from the tuning circuit (22) into a direct current. The capacitor circuit (25) is, for example, a capacitor, and stores the power rectified by the rectifier element (23). The capacitor circuit (25) stores power for operating each electronic component of the detonator (10) and power for igniting the detonator ignition part (13).

[0039] As shown in FIG. 5, the detonator (10) has a detonator modem (24) for using the receiving coil (12) as an antenna. The detonator modem (24) has a receiving circuit (demodulation circuit) (24a) and a transmitting circuit (modulation circuit) (24b). The receiving circuit (24a) and the transmitting circuit (24b) are connected to the receiving coil (12) and the control circuit (CPU) (21), respectively. When the receiving coil (12) receives a signal, current is generated. The receiving circuit (24a) converts (demodulates) an analog signal based on the change in this current into a digital signal. The transmitting circuit (24b) converts (modulates) the digital signal transmitted from the control circuit (21) into an analog signal. Current based on the signal modulated by the transmitting circuit (24b) flows through the receiving coil (12). The detonator (10) has a memory (26) connected to a control circuit (21). The memory (26) has a unique ID number (serial number) or an algorithm of the detonator (10) pre-recorded. The memory (26) has a detonation delay time recorded, for example, based on a signal that sets the detonation delay time demodulated by a receiving circuit (24a).

[0040] As shown in FIG. 5, the detonator (10) has a detonator switch (27) and a resistance measuring circuit (28) connected to a control circuit (21). The detonator switch (27) switches between a connected state, in which the capacitor circuit (25) and the detonator ignition unit (13) are electrically connected, and a disconnected state, in which they are disconnected. When no signal is output from the control circuit (21), the detonator switch (27) keeps the capacitor circuit (25) and the detonator ignition unit (13) in a disconnected state. When a signal is output from the control circuit (21), the detonator switch (27) keeps the capacitor circuit (25) and the detonator ignition unit (13) in a connected state. The resistance measuring circuit (28) measures the electrical resistance of the detonator ignition unit (13) based on the output from the control circuit (21) in order to determine whether the detonator ignition unit (13) is normal.

[0041] As shown in FIG. 5, the relay device (30) has a cylindrical housing (31). The housing (31) has a front end (31a) at one end and an inner end (31b) at the other end. The front end (31a) is positioned protruding from the entrance of the insertion hole (74). The inner end (31b) is positioned further inside from the entrance of the insertion hole (74). The relay device (30) has a first transmitting / receiving antenna (35) at the front end (31a). The relay device (30) has a second transmitting / receiving antenna (37) at the inner end (31b).

[0042] As shown in FIG. 5, the relay device (30) has a control circuit (CPU) (32), and the control circuit (32) has a relay processor that receives and processes an input signal and processes a signal of a different frequency for transmission. The relay processor receives and processes a signal of, for example, 1 M to 10 GHz and processes a signal for transmission of 1 k to 500 kHz. Or the relay processor receives and processes a signal of, for example, 1 k to 500 kHz and processes a signal for transmission of 1 M to 10 GHz. The relay device (30) has a power supply (33) that supplies power to the control circuit (32) and a memory (34). The control circuit (32) records information in the memory (34) based on a command, reads and outputs data stored in the memory (34), or performs calculations based on an algorithm stored in the memory (34).

[0043] As shown in FIG. 5, the relay device (30) has a first modem (36) and a second modem (38). The first modem (36) has a first antenna-side receiving circuit (36a) and a first antenna-side transmitting circuit (36b). The first antenna-side receiving circuit (36a) and the first antenna-side transmitting circuit (36b) are each connected to a first transmitting / receiving antenna (35) and a control circuit (32). The first antenna-side receiving circuit (36a) demodulates an analog signal received by the first transmitting / receiving antenna (35) into a digital signal. The first antenna-side transmitting circuit (36b) modulates a digital signal transmitted from the control circuit (32) into an analog signal. The first transmitting and receiving antenna (35) transmits and / or receives radio waves of, for example, 1 M to 10 GHz, which are difficult to penetrate into the ground or bedrock, and preferably transmits and / or receives radio waves of 100 MHz or more, for example, 920 MHz.

[0044] As shown in FIG. 5, the second modem (38) has a second antenna-side receiving circuit (38a) and a second antenna-side transmitting circuit (38b). The second antenna-side receiving circuit (38a) and the second antenna-side transmitting circuit (38b) are each connected to a second transmitting / receiving antenna (37) and a control circuit (32). The second antenna-side receiving circuit (38a) demodulates an analog signal received by the second transmitting / receiving antenna (37) into a digital signal. The first antenna-side transmitting circuit (36b) modulates a digital signal transmitted from the control circuit (32) into an analog signal. The second transmitting / receiving antenna (37) transmits and / or receives radio waves of, for example, 1 kHz to 500 kHz, which have good penetration into the ground or bedrock, and preferably transmits and / or receives radio waves of, for example, 200 kHz.

[0045] As shown in FIG. 5, the blasting operation device (40) has a control circuit (CPU) (43), an input unit (41), and a display unit (42). The control circuit (43) outputs an electrical signal to each electrical component based on the input of an electrical signal from each electrical component of the blasting operation device (40). The input unit (41) is equipped with, for example, a keyboard, a switch, a touch panel, etc. The display unit (42) is equipped with, for example, a display or a lamp that turns on and off. An operator operates the input unit (41) while checking the information displayed on the display unit (42). The input unit (41) and the display unit (42) are each electrically connected to the control circuit (43). The blasting operation device (40) has a power supply (44) that supplies power to the control circuit (43) and a memory (45). The control circuit (43) records information, such as the ID number of the detonator (10), in memory (45) based on a command, or reads out data stored in memory (45), or calculates based on an algorithm stored in memory (45).

[0046] As shown in FIG. 5, the blasting operation device (40) has a transmitting / receiving antenna (47) and an operator modem (46). The operator modem (46) has a receiving circuit (46a) and a transmitting circuit (46b). The receiving circuit (46a) and the transmitting circuit (46b) are each connected to the transmitting / receiving antenna (47) and the control circuit (43). The receiving circuit (46a) demodulates an analog signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna (47) into a digital signal. The transmitting circuit (46b) modulates a digital signal transmitted from the control circuit (43) into an analog signal. The transmitting / receiving antenna (47) transmits or / and receives radio waves of, for example, 1 M to 10 GHz.

[0047] As shown in FIG. 2, the wireless detonation system (1) has an explosive delivery unit (50) that delivers a detonating primer (10) and an explosive (2) into each charge hole (72). The explosive delivery unit (50) has a boom (50b) mounted on a vehicle (50a). The boom (50b) is supported on the vehicle (50a) so as to be retractable or tiltable. A primer loading unit (51) is formed at the end of the boom (50b). The primer loading unit (51) moves into the charge hole (72) by the retraction or tilting of the boom (50b). The primer loading unit (51) holds the detonating primer (10) or releases the holding of the detonating primer (10). The detonator (10) is loaded into the detonator (72) by moving the detonator loading unit (51) into the charge hole (72).

[0048] As shown in FIG. 4, the primer loading unit (51) has a power supply device (52) that supplies operating energy to the receiving coil (12) of the detonating primer (10) before it is loaded into the charge hole (72). The power supply device (52) has a tube body (52a) that is normal and has both sides open. The tube body (52a) has a power supply coil (antenna) (53) wound in an annular shape. The power supply coil (53) is wound along the outer surface of the tube body (52a). The number of turns of the power supply coil (53) is at least one turn, for example, at least 10 turns. The opening (52b) of the tube body (52a) has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the receiving coil (12) wound on the outer surface of the primer body (11).

[0049] As shown in FIG. 4, the power supply coil (53) transmits a specific electromagnetic wave by generating an electric or magnetic field around the power supply coil (53) by flowing a current of a specific frequency, amplitude, and wavelength. The power supply coil (53) receives various signals of a specific frequency and amplitude by being exposed to a specific electromagnetic field. The power supply coil (53) communicates with the power receiving coil (12) at, for example, 1 k to 500 kHz, preferably, for example, 200 kHz.

[0050] As shown in FIG. 5, the primer loading unit (51) has a loading unit-side communication device (55) capable of communicating with the receiving coil (12) of the detonating primer (10) before it is loaded into the charge hole (72). The loading unit-side communication device (55) has a control circuit (CPU) (58), an input unit (56), and a display unit (57). The control circuit (58) outputs an electrical signal to each electrical component based on the input of an electrical signal from each electrical component of the loading unit-side communication device (55). The input unit (56) is equipped with, for example, a keyboard, a switch, a touch panel, etc. The display unit (57) is equipped with, for example, a display or a lamp that turns on and off. The operator operates the input unit (56) while checking the information displayed on the display unit (57). The input section (56) and the display section (57) are each electrically connected to the control circuit (58).

[0051] As shown in FIG. 5, the communication device (55) on the loading unit side has a power source (59) that supplies power to the control circuit (58), a memory (60), and a power supply circuit (61). The control circuit (58) records information, such as the ID number of a detonator (10), in the memory (60) based on a command, reads and outputs data stored in the memory (60), or performs calculations based on an algorithm stored in the memory (60). The power supply circuit (61) is electrically connected to the power source (59) and the power supply coil (53). The control circuit (58) outputs current from the power source (59) to the power supply coil (53) through the power supply circuit (61) based on a command.

[0052] As shown in FIG. 5, the charging unit side communication device (55) has a charging unit modem (62) connected to a power supply coil (53) and a control circuit (58). The charging unit modem (62) has a receiving circuit (62a) and a transmitting circuit (62b). The receiving circuit (62a) and the transmitting circuit (62b) are each connected to the power supply coil (53) and the control circuit (58). The receiving circuit (62a) demodulates an analog signal received by the power supply coil (53) into a digital signal. The transmitting circuit (62b) modulates a digital signal transmitted from the control circuit (58) into an analog signal. The transmitting circuit (62b) outputs a current to the power supply coil (53) that has a specific frequency of 1 k to 500 kHz and a specific code signal, for example, related to a setting signal for a detonation delay time.

[0053] According to FIGS. 6 to 9, the flow of a wireless detonation method for excavating a face face (71) by using a wireless detonation system (1) is described. First, as shown in FIG. 1, the operator drills a plurality of charge holes (72) and one or more insertion holes (74) in the face face (71) to prepare for blasting (Step S1 of FIG. 6). The charge holes (72) and insertion holes (74) are drilled, for example, with a diameter of about 5 cm and a depth of about 2 m. As shown in FIG. 4, the detonator body (11) of the detonator (10) is inserted into the tube body (52a) of the power supply device (52) along the longitudinal direction (Step S2). The receiving coil (12) is placed in the diameter direction of the power supply coil (53). The operator operates the input unit (56) (see FIG. 5) to begin the charging process of the detonator (10) (step S3).

[0054] As shown in FIG. 5, the control circuit (58) of the communication device (55) on the loading unit side receives an input signal from the input section (56) and outputs current to the power supply coil (53) through the power supply circuit (61) (step S11 of FIG. 7). The power supply coil (53) generates a magnetic field with a frequency of, for example, 1 kHz to 500 kHz (step S12). The receiving coil (12) of the detonator (10) receives the magnetic field and generates current (step S13). The tuning circuit (22) tunes to the frequency of the current generated by the receiving coil (12) (step S14). The rectifier element (23) rectifies the received current into direct current (step S15).

[0055] As shown in FIG. 5, the capacitor circuit (25) stores power by supplying direct current (step S16). Also, in the shear layer where current is generated in the receiving coil (12), the voltage of the capacitor circuit (25) is 0 V. In response to the transmission of a signal inquiring about an ID number from the loading unit side communication device (55) (step S17), if the voltage of the capacitor circuit (25) is less than a predetermined value, it does not respond. When it responds, the power for controlling the detonator (10) and the power for igniting the detonator ignition part (13) are sufficiently stored in the capacitor circuit (25). The receiving coil (12) receives the signal inquiring about an ID number (step S18), and the receiving circuit (24a) demodulates the signal (step S19). The control circuit (21) transmits the ID number of the detonator (10) to the transmission circuit (24b) (step S20). The transmission circuit (24b) modulates the signal (step S21) and transmits it to the receiving coil (12). The receiving coil (12) transmits the modulated signal as a radio wave, for example, 1 k to 500 kHz (step S22).

[0056] As shown in FIG. 5, the power supply coil (53) receives a signal (step S23). The receiving circuit (62a) demodulates the signal (step S24) and transmits it to the control circuit (58). The control circuit (58) checks the ID number of the detonator (10) (step S25) and records the ID number in the memory (60). The control circuit (58) transmits a signal for setting the detonation delay time according to the ID number of the detonator (10) to the transmitting circuit (62b) (step S26). The transmitting circuit (62b) modulates the signal (step S27), and the power supply coil (53) generates a magnetic field with a frequency of, for example, 1 k to 500 kHz and transmits the signal for setting the detonation delay time (step S28).

[0057] As shown in FIG. 5, the receiving coil (12) receives a signal (step S29), and the receiving circuit (24a) demodulates the signal (step S30). The memory (26) records the detonation delay time based on the command of the control circuit (21) (step S31). The control circuit (21) transmits a signal indicating that the detonation delay time setting is complete to the transmitting circuit (24b) (step S32). The transmitting circuit (24b) modulates the signal (step S33) and transmits it to the receiving coil (12). The receiving coil (12) transmits the modulated signal as a radio wave, for example, 1 k to 500 kHz (step S34).

[0058] As shown in FIG. 5, the power supply coil (53) receives a signal (step S35), the receiving circuit (62a) demodulates the signal (step S36), and transmits it to the control circuit (58). The control circuit (58) confirms that the setting of the detonation delay time of the detonator (10) is complete (step S37). The display unit (57) indicates that the charging process (preparation) of the detonator (10) is complete (step S38).

[0059] As shown in FIG. 2, the power supply device (52) is formed at the end of the boom (50b) of the primer loading unit (51). Alternatively, the power supply device (52) is formed at a location different from the boom (50b). For example, the power supply device (52) is formed apart from the primer loading unit (51). In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, the operator discharges the charged detonator (10) from the main body (52a) of the power supply device (52) (step S4 of FIG. 6). The operator sets the charged detonator (10) in the explosive discharge unit (50). As shown in FIG. 2, the primer loading unit (50) loads the detonator (10) and explosive (2) into the charge hole (72) (step S5). The detonator (10) is loaded with the primary charge (2a) side connected to the detonator ignition part (13) facing forward. A plurality of secondary charges (2b) are loaded in front of the primary charge (2a). The entrance of the charge hole (72) is sealed with a sealing member (73). The operator inserts the relay device (30) into the insertion hole (74) (step S6). The inner end (31b) having the second transmitting / receiving antenna (37) is positioned far inside from the entrance of the insertion hole (74). The front end (31a) having the first transmitting / receiving antenna (35) protrudes from the entrance of the insertion hole (74) and is supported by the housing (31).

[0060] As shown in FIG. 3, after loading all detonators (10), explosives (2), and relay devices (30), the operator installs a blasting operation device (40) at a remote location at a predetermined distance from the face (71) (Step S7). The explosive delivery unit (50) equipped with a detonator loading unit (51) (see FIG. 2) is evacuated to a remote location at a predetermined distance from the face (71). The operator operates the input unit (41) to begin the detonation preparation process for the detonators (10) (Step S8).

[0061] As shown in FIG. 5, the control circuit (43) of the blasting operation device (40) receives a signal from the input unit (41) and transmits a signal for detonation preparation to the transmission circuit (46b) to check the soundness of the detonator ignition unit (13) (step S41 of FIG. 8). The transmission circuit (46b) modulates the signal (step S42), and the transmitting and receiving antenna (47) transmits a downward signal using radio waves of, for example, 1 M to 10 GHz (step S43).

[0062] As shown in FIG. 5, the first transmitting / receiving antenna (35) of the relay device (30) receives a downlink signal (step S44), and the first antenna-side receiving circuit (36a) demodulates the signal (step S45). The relay processor of the control circuit (32) processes the receiving signal of a high frequency of, for example, 1 M to 10 GHz, and processes the transmission of the signal of a low frequency of, for example, 1 k to 500 kHz (step S46). The second antenna-side transmitting circuit (38b) modulates the signal (step S47), and the second transmitting / receiving antenna (37) transmits the downlink signal of a radio wave of, for example, 1 k to 500 kHz (step S48).

[0063] As shown in FIG. 5, the receiving coil (12) receives a downward signal (step S49), and the receiving circuit (24a) demodulates the signal (step S50). The resistance measuring circuit (28) measures the electrical resistance of the detonator ignition unit (13) based on the output from the control circuit (21) (step S51). The control circuit (21) determines the soundness (conductivity) of the detonator ignition unit (13) from the measured resistance value (step S52). The control circuit (21) transmits a signal indicating the soundness of the detonator ignition unit (13) to the transmitting circuit (24b) (step S53). The transmitting circuit (24b) modulates the signal (step S54), and the receiving coil (12) (e.g., a transmitting / receiving antenna) transmits an upward signal using radio waves of, for example, 1 kHz to 500 kHz (step S55).

[0064] As shown in FIG. 5, the second transmitting / receiving antenna (37) receives an uplink signal (step S56), and the second antenna-side receiving circuit (38a) demodulates the signal (step S57). The relay processor of the control circuit (32) processes the reception of a low-frequency signal, for example, from 1 kHz to 500 kHz, and processes the transmission of a high-frequency signal, for example, from 1 M to 10 GHz (step S58). The first antenna-side transmitting circuit (36b) modulates the signal (step S59), and the first transmitting / receiving antenna (35) transmits the uplink signal, for example, as a radio wave of 1 M to 10 GHz (step S60).

[0065] As shown in FIG. 5, the transmitting and receiving antenna (47) receives an upward signal (step S61), and the receiving circuit (46a) modulates (e.g. demodulates) the signal (step S62). When the integrity of the detonator ignition part (13) is good (step S63), the control circuit (43) displays on the display unit (42) that the detonation preparation of the detonator (10) is complete (step S64). When the integrity of the detonator ignition part (13) of the detonator (10) with a predetermined ID number is not good (step S63), the control circuit (43) displays on the display unit (42) the ID number of the detonator (10) and that the integrity of the detonator ignition part (13) is not good. After the detonation preparation process is completed, the operator operates the input unit (41) to start the detonation process for the detonator (10) (step S9 of FIG. 6).

[0066] As shown in FIG. 5, an operator operates the input section (41) of the blasting operation device (40), and the control circuit (43) receives a signal from the input section (41) and transmits a detonation signal to the transmission circuit (46b) (step S71 of FIG. 9). The transmission circuit (46b) modulates the signal (step S72), and the transmitting / receiving antenna (47) transmits a downlink signal using radio waves, for example, 1 M to 10 GHz (step S73). The first transmitting / receiving antenna (35) of the relay device (30) receives the downlink signal (step S74), and the first antenna-side receiving circuit (36a) demodulates the signal (step S75). The relay processor of the control circuit (32) receives a high-frequency signal of, for example, 1 M to 10 GHz and transmits it as a low-frequency signal of, for example, 1 k to 500 kHz (step S76). The second antenna-side transmitting circuit (38b) modulates the signal (step S77), and the second transmitting / receiving antenna (37) transmits a downlink signal as a radio wave of, for example, 1 k to 500 kHz (step S78).

[0067] As shown in FIG. 5, the receiving coil (12) receives a downward signal (step S79), and the receiving circuit (24a) demodulates the signal (step S80). The control circuit (21) starts an internal timer when it receives a detonation signal. It determines whether the time set by the timer has reached the detonation delay time recorded in the memory (26) (step S81). This determination is repeated until the timer's count time reaches the detonation delay time. When the timer's count time reaches the detonation delay time, the control circuit (21) outputs an ON signal to the detonation switch (27) (step S82). The detonation switch (27) is turned ON and becomes connected (step S83), and the capacitor circuit (25) transmits power to the detonator ignition unit (13) through the detonation switch (27) (step S84). The detonator ignition part (13) is ignited (step S85), and the explosive (2) (see Fig. 3) is detonated.

[0068] According to the wireless detonation system (1) described above, as shown in FIG. 5, it has a blasting operation device (40), a detonating detonator (10), and a relay device (30). The blasting operation device (40) is installed away from the face (71) and also transmits a first downward wireless signal of a first frequency. The detonating detonator (10) is loaded into a charge hole (72) of the face (71) and also has a receiving coil (12) that receives a second downward wireless signal of a second frequency lower than the first frequency. The relay device (30) comprises a first transmitting / receiving antenna (35) that receives a first downward wireless signal, a relay processor of a control circuit (32) that processes the reception of the first downward wireless signal and processes the transmission of the second downward wireless signal of the second frequency, and a second transmitting / receiving antenna (37) that transmits the second downward wireless signal. The second transmitting / receiving antenna (37) is loaded into an insertion hole (74) of a face surface (71) parallel to the charge hole (72).

[0069] Accordingly, the relay device (30) and the detonator (10) communicate wirelessly using a second frequency, which is a relatively low frequency. For example, the relay device (30) and the detonator (10) communicate wirelessly using a low frequency that penetrates the rock mass constituting the blasting target. Since both the relay device (30) and the detonator (10) are installed in the charge hole (72) or insertion hole (74) formed in the face (71), they are located in close proximity to each other. Therefore, the relay device (30) and the detonator (10) can communicate using a wireless signal with a small power of, for example, 10 W or less. Meanwhile, the relay device (30) and the blasting control device (40) communicate wirelessly using a first frequency, which is a high frequency. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the signal from leaking to the surroundings, such as outside the tunnel (70) that is the blasting target.

[0070] As shown in FIG. 5, the detonator (10) has a receiving coil (12) that transmits a second upstream wireless signal of a second frequency. The relay device (30) has a second transmitting / receiving antenna (37) that receives the second upstream wireless signal, a relay processor of a control circuit (32) that processes the reception of the second upstream wireless signal and processes the transmission of the first upstream wireless signal of a first frequency, and a first transmitting / receiving antenna (35) that transmits the first upstream wireless signal. The blasting operation device (40) receives the first upstream wireless signal. Therefore, the aforementioned effect can be obtained not only with the downstream wireless signal transmitted from the blasting operation device (40) to the detonator (10) through the relay device (30), but also with the opposite upstream wireless signal.

[0071] As shown in FIG. 5, the explosive-side receiving antenna and the explosive-side transmitting antenna share a common receiving coil (12). The first receiving antenna and the first transmitting antenna share a common first transmitting and receiving antenna (35). The second receiving antenna and the second transmitting antenna share a common second transmitting and receiving antenna (37). Thus, the total number of parts in the wireless detonation system (1) can be reduced.

[0072] As shown in FIG. 5, the relay device (30) has a housing (31) into which part or all is inserted into an insertion hole (74). A control circuit (32) equipped with a first transmitting / receiving antenna (35), a second transmitting / receiving antenna (37), and a relay processor is integrally formed in the housing (31). Thus, the relay device (30) is supported on the blasting target through the housing (31). Therefore, the relay device (30) is easily inserted into and supported on the blasting target.

[0073] As shown in FIG. 5, the housing (31) has an inner end (31b) installed inside the insertion hole (74). A second transmitting / receiving antenna (37) is formed on the inner end. A first transmitting / receiving antenna (35) is formed on the front end of the housing (31) on the opposite side of the inner end. Thus, the second transmitting / receiving antenna (37) is located in a position close to the detonator (10) loaded inside the charge hole (72). Because of this, the relay device (30) and the detonator (10) can communicate with a signal using a small power of, for example, 10 W or less. Meanwhile, the first transmitting / receiving antenna (35) is located in a position close to the opening of the insertion hole (74). For this reason, the first transmitting and receiving antenna (35) can communicate with the blasting operation device (40) via wireless signal without being obstructed by the rock or other objects constituting the blasting target.

[0074] As shown in FIG. 5, the front end (31a) of the housing (31) is installed by protruding from the face (71) through the insertion hole (74) together with the first transmitting / receiving antenna (35). Thus, the relay device (30) and the blasting operation device (40) can communicate via wireless signals without being blocked by the rock or other objects constituting the blasting target. Also, the first transmitting / receiving antenna (35) protrudes from the face (71) using the housing (31) maintained on the blasting target. Therefore, the first transmitting / receiving antenna (35) is supported on the blasting target in a simple structure.

[0075] As shown in FIG. 5, the second frequency is 1 kHz to 500 kHz, which penetrates the bedrock. The first frequency is 1 MHz to 10 GHz. Therefore, the relay device (30) and the detonator (10) can preferably communicate wirelessly within the bedrock. Also, the frequency bands of the first frequency and the second frequency are separated. Because of this, interference between the signal of the first frequency and the signal of the second frequency is suppressed, and erroneous communication can be prevented.

[0076] As shown in FIG. 2, there is a primer loading unit (51) that loads a detonator (10) into a charge hole (72). The primer loading unit (51) has a loading unit-side communication device (55) capable of communicating with the receiving coil (12) of the detonator (10) before it is loaded into the charge hole (72) using a second frequency wireless signal. Thus, the process of communicating between the detonator (10) and the loading unit-side communication device (55) and the process of loading the detonator (10) into the charge hole (72) can be efficiently carried out in a series of flows. In addition, the receiving coil (12) received from the loading unit-side communication device (55) and the receiving coil (12) received from the relay device (30) can be common. Therefore, the number of parts for the detonator (10) can be reduced.

[0077] As shown in FIG. 5, the detonator (10) has a receiving coil (12) that receives operating energy and a storage circuit (25) that stores operating energy. The detonator loading unit (51) has a supply coil (53) that supplies operating energy to the receiving coil (12) of the detonator (10) before it is loaded into the charge hole (72). Therefore, the storage circuit (25) can maintain a state in which operating energy is not stored until just before the detonator (10) is loaded into the charge hole (72). Because of this, when transporting the detonator (10) to the end surface (71), it can be transported in a stable state with low energy. Also, the supply is performed on the detonator (10) just before it is loaded into the charge hole (72). For this reason, a capacitor with a relatively small capacity can be used in the capacitor circuit (25), for example. In this way, the cost of the detonator (10) can be reduced. Also, the power supply time can be shortened, so the work can be done efficiently.

[0078] As shown in FIG. 2, a detonator loading unit (51) is formed in an explosive delivery unit (50) that delivers explosives loaded into a charge hole (72). Thus, the process of loading a detonator (10) into the charge hole (72) and the process of loading explosives ahead of the detonator (10) in the charge hole (72) can be efficiently carried out in a series of flows.

[0079] As shown in FIG. 5, the relay device (30) has a control circuit (32) equipped with a second transmitting / receiving antenna (37) and a relay processor, and a first transmitting / receiving antenna (35). The second transmitting / receiving antenna (37) receives a second uplink radio signal of a second frequency transmitted from a detonator (10). The relay processor processes the reception of the second uplink radio signal and processes the transmission of the first uplink radio signal of a first frequency. The first transmitting / receiving antenna (35) transmits the first uplink radio signal. The second transmitting / receiving antenna (37), the relay processor, and the first transmitting / receiving antenna (35) are mounted in a housing (31). Therefore, the aforementioned effect can be obtained not only in the downward wireless signal transmitted from the blasting operation device (40) to the detonator (10) through the relay device (30), but also in the upward wireless signal of the opposite direction.

[0080] As shown in FIG. 1, a blasting control device (40) is installed at a location separated from the blasting target. A relay device (30) is installed in the insertion hole (74) of the blasting target. The first transmitting / receiving antenna (35) of the blasting control device (40) and the relay device (30) communicate with each other using a wireless signal of the first frequency, 1 MHz to 10 GHz. A detonator (10) is installed in the charge hole (72) of the blasting target. The detonator (10) and the second transmitting / receiving antenna (37) of the relay device (30) communicate with each other using a wireless signal of the second frequency, 1 kHz to 500 kHz. The relay processor of the relay device (30) receives and processes the signal of the first frequency and also transmits the signal of the second frequency. Also, the relay processor of the relay device (30) receives and processes the signal of the second frequency and also transmits the signal of the first frequency.

[0081] Accordingly, the relay device (30) and the detonator (10) communicate using a wireless signal of 1 kHz to 500 kHz that penetrates, for example, the rock mass constituting the blasting target. Since both the relay device (30) and the detonator (10) are installed in the charge hole (72) or insertion hole (74) formed in the face (71), they are located in close proximity to each other. Therefore, the relay device (30) and the detonator (10) can communicate using a wireless signal of low power, for example, 10 W or less. Meanwhile, the relay device (30) and the blasting control device (40) communicate using a wireless signal of relatively high 1 MHz to 10 GHz. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the signal from leaking to the surroundings, such as outside the tunnel (70) that is the blasting target.

[0082] As shown in FIG. 5, a blasting operation device (40) transmits a first downward wireless signal of a first frequency to a relay device (30). A relay processor of the relay device (30) receives and processes the first downward wireless signal and processes it for transmission as a second downward wireless signal of a second frequency. The relay device (30) transmits the second downward wireless signal to a detonator (10). Thus, the downward wireless signal of the first frequency transmitted from the blasting operation device (40) to the relay device (30) can be prevented from leaking to the surroundings, such as outside the tunnel (70) that is the target of blasting. The downward wireless signal of the second frequency transmitted from the relay device (30) to the detonator (10) penetrates the rock mass, etc., that constitutes the target of blasting. For this reason, a downward wireless signal can be preferably transmitted from the blasting operation device (40) to the detonator (10) through the relay device (30).

[0083] Another embodiment of the present disclosure is described according to FIGS. 10 and 11. The wireless detonation system (80) of the second embodiment has a relay device (81) shown in FIG. 10 instead of a relay device (30) of the wireless detonation system (1) shown in FIG. 5. The relay device (81) has a receiving coil (85) wound annularly on the outer surface of a roughly cylindrical housing (82) instead of a second transmitting and receiving antenna (37) (see FIG. 5). The number of turns of the receiving coil (85) is at least one turn, for example, at least 10 turns. The receiving coil (85) generates current by being exposed to an electromagnetic field, and the current is used as power for the operation of the relay device (81). The receiving coil (85) serves as a second transmitting and receiving antenna that transmits and receives wireless signals of, for example, 1 k to 500 kHz.

[0084] As shown in FIG. 10, the relay device (81) has a tuning circuit (86), a rectifier element (87), and a capacitor circuit (84) that are electrically connected to a receiving coil (85) instead of a power source (33) (see FIG. 5). The tuning circuit (86) is tuned to the receiving frequency of the current generated when the receiving coil (85) receives power. The rectifier element (87) rectifies the current input from the tuning circuit (86) into a direct current. The capacitor circuit (84) is, for example, a capacitor, and stores the power rectified by the rectifier element (87) as power to operate each electronic component of the relay device (81).

[0085] According to FIG. 11, the flow of the process for charging the capacitor circuit (84) of the relay device (81) is described. The charging process of the relay device (81) is performed between steps S5 and S6 shown in FIG. 6. First, as shown in FIG. 10, the control circuit (58) of the charging unit side communication device (55) receives an input signal from the input section (56) and outputs current to the power supply coil (53) through the power supply circuit (61) (step S101 of FIG. 11). The power supply coil (53) generates a magnetic field, for example, with a frequency of 1 k to 500 kHz (step S102). The receiving coil (85) of the relay device (81) receives the magnetic field and generates current (step S103). The tuning circuit (86) tunes to the frequency of the current generated in the receiving coil (85) (step S104). The rectifier element (87) rectifies the received current into a direct current (step S105).

[0086] As shown in FIG. 10, the capacitor circuit (84) stores power by supplying direct current (step S106). In response to the transmission of a signal requesting an ID number from the charging unit side communication device (55) (step S107), if the voltage of the capacitor circuit (84) is less than a predetermined value, it does not respond. If it responds, the power for operating the relay device (81) is sufficiently stored in the capacitor circuit (84). The receiving coil (85) receives the signal requesting an ID number (step S108), and the second antenna side receiving circuit (38a) demodulates the signal (step S109). The control circuit (83) transmits the ID number of the capacitor circuit (84) to the second antenna side transmitting circuit (38b) (step S110). The second antenna-side transmitting circuit (38b) modulates the signal (step S111), and the receiving coil (85) transmits the signal as a radio wave of, for example, 1 k to 500 kHz (step S112).

[0087] As shown in FIG. 10, the power supply coil (53) receives a signal (step S113). The receiving circuit (62a) demodulates the signal (step S114) and transmits it to the control circuit (58). The control circuit (58) checks the response of the ID number of the relay device (81) to confirm the completion of charging (step S115), and displays on the display unit (57) that the charging process of the relay device (81) is complete.

[0088] According to the wireless detonation system (80) described above, as shown in FIG. 10, the relay device (81) has a receiving coil (85) that receives operating energy from the power supply coil (53) of the detonator loading unit (51), and a storage circuit (84) that stores operating energy. Therefore, the relay device (81) can also be powered using the power supply coil (53) that supplies power to the detonator detonator (10) (see FIG. 5). This reduces the number of parts in the entire wireless detonation system (80). Additionally, the storage circuit (84) is charged just before the relay device (81) is inserted into the insertion hole (74). This allows the storage capacity of the storage circuit (84) to be reduced to the minimum amount required for communication.

[0089] As shown in FIG. 10, a detonator loading unit (51) wirelessly supplies power to a detonator (10) (see FIG. 1) and a relay device (81) near the blasting target. The detonator loading unit (51) loads the charged detonator (10) into the charge hole (72) (see FIG. 1) of the blasting target. The detonator loading unit (51) loads the charged relay device (81) into the insertion hole (74) (see FIG. 1) of the blasting target. Thus, the process of charging the detonator (10) and also loading it into the charge hole (72), or the process of charging the relay device (81) and also loading it into the insertion hole (74), can be efficiently carried out in a series of flows near the face (71). In addition, power supply is performed on the detonator (10) just before being loaded into the charge hole (72), or on the relay device (81) just before being loaded into the insertion hole (74). For this reason, a capacitor circuit (25, 84) with a relatively small capacity, such as a capacitor, can be used. In this way, the cost of the detonator (10) and the relay device (81) can be reduced.

[0090] As shown in FIG. 2, the power supply device (52) is formed in the primer loading unit (51). In this case, the detonating primer (10) is sent to the primer loading unit (51) by the explosive delivery unit (50). The detonating primer (10) is inserted into the tube body (52a) from the inlet of the tube body (52a) of the power supply device (52). The detonating primer (10) is charged by the power supply device (52), and then the detonating primer (10) is discharged from the outlet of the tube body (52a) by the primer loading unit (51). As a result, the detonating primer (10) moves in a straight line, penetrates the tube body (52a), and is loaded into the charge hole (72).

[0091] Another embodiment of the present disclosure is described according to FIG. 12. The wireless detonation system (90) of the third embodiment has a relay device (91) shown in FIG. 12 instead of the relay device (30) of the wireless detonation system (1) shown in FIG. 3. The relay device (91) has a cylindrical housing (92) having a front end (92a) at one end and an inner end (92b) at the other end. The inner end (92b) is positioned inside the insertion hole (74) at a depth approximately equal to that of the detonator (10) inserted into the charge hole (72). The front end (92a) is received inside the insertion hole (74) and is positioned ahead of the inner end (92b).

[0092] As shown in FIG. 12, the relay device (91) has a first transmitting / receiving antenna (93) at the front end (92a) and a second transmitting / receiving antenna (95) at the inner end (92b). The first transmitting / receiving antenna (93) extends forward of the insertion hole (74) and protrudes from the entrance of the insertion hole (74). The first transmitting / receiving antenna (93) transmits / receives radio waves of, for example, 1 MHz to 10 GHz, preferably 100 MHz or higher, for example, 920 MHz, which are difficult to penetrate into the ground or bedrock. The second transmitting / receiving antenna (95) transmits / receives radio waves of, for example, 1 kHz to 500 kHz, preferably 200 kHz, which have good penetration into the ground or bedrock.

[0093] As shown in FIG. 12, the relay device (91) has a first modem (94) positioned on the front end (92a) side and a second modem (96) positioned on the inner end (92b) side. Between the first modem (94) and the second modem (96), a relay processor (97) and a power supply (not shown) are formed. The relay processor (97) receives and processes the input signal and processes the transmission of the signal of a different frequency. The first modem (94) demodulates the analog signal received by the first transmitting / receiving antenna (93) into a digital signal. The first modem (94) modulates the digital signal transmitted from the second modem (96) into an analog signal through the relay processor (97). The second modem (96) demodulates the analog signal received by the second transmitting / receiving antenna (95) into a digital signal. The second modem (96) modulates the digital signal transmitted from the first modem into an analog signal through the relay processor (97).

[0094] According to the wireless detonation system (90) described above, as shown in FIG. 12, the front end (92a) of the housing (92) is received and installed within the insertion hole (74). A first transmitting and receiving antenna (93) extends from the front end (92a) toward the entrance of the insertion hole (74) and protrudes from the entrance of the insertion hole (74). Therefore, between the relay device (91) installed inside the insertion hole (74) and the blasting operation device (40) outside the insertion hole (74), it is possible to transmit and receive well at a first frequency, for example, 1 M to 10 GHz, which is difficult to penetrate into the ground or rock. Additionally, the housing (92) can be made compact relative to the insertion hole (74). Because of this, it is easy to insert and install the relay device (91) into the insertion hole (74).

[0095] Another embodiment of the present disclosure is described according to FIG. 13. The wireless detonation system (100) of the fourth embodiment has a relay device (101) shown in FIG. 13 instead of a relay device (30) of the wireless detonation system (1) shown in FIG. 3. Additionally, the wireless detonation system (100) has a second relay device (108). The relay device (101) is configured in the same way as the relay device (91) (see FIG. 12). The inner end (102b) of the housing (102) of the relay device (101) is positioned in the inner part of the insertion hole (74). The front end (102a) of the housing (102) is received in the inner part of the insertion hole (74) and is positioned in front of the inner end (102b). In the front end (102a), a first transmitting and receiving antenna (103) is formed for transmitting and receiving radio waves of, for example, 1 M to 10 GHz, preferably 100 MHz or more, for example 920 MHz. In the inner end (102b), a second transmitting and receiving antenna (105) is formed for transmitting and receiving radio waves of, for example, 1 k to 500 kHz, preferably 200 kHz.

[0096] As shown in FIG. 13, the relay device (101) has a first modem (104) on the front end (102a) side, a second modem (106) on the inner end (102b) side, a relay processor (107) disposed between them, and a power supply not shown. The relay processor (107) receives and processes the input signal and processes the transmission of the signal of a different frequency. The first modem (104) and the second modem (106) each demodulate the analog signal received by the first transmitting / receiving antenna (103) and the second transmitting / receiving antenna (105) into a digital signal. The first modem (104) and the second modem (106) each modulate the digital signal transmitted from the second modem (106) and the first modem (104) into an analog signal through the relay processor (107).

[0097] As shown in FIG. 13, a second relay device (108) is installed at the entrance of the insertion hole (74). The second relay device (108) has a cylindrical housing (109). The housing (109) has a front end (109a) positioned at a location protruding from the entrance of the insertion hole (74) and an inner end (109b) positioned inside the entrance of the insertion hole (74). A first transmitting and receiving antenna (110) is formed on the front end (109a), and a second transmitting and receiving antenna (112) is formed on the inner end (109b). The first transmitting and receiving antenna (110) protrudes from the entrance of the insertion hole (74) together with the front end (109a). The first transmitting and receiving antenna (110) and the second transmitting and receiving antenna (112) transmit and receive radio waves of, for example, 1 M to 10 GHz, preferably 100 MHz or more, for example 920 MHz, which are difficult to penetrate into the ground or bedrock.

[0098] As shown in FIG. 13, the second relay device (108) has a modem (111), a relay processor (113), and a power supply not shown. The modem (111) demodulates an analog signal received by the first transmitting / receiving antenna (110) or the second transmitting / receiving antenna (112) into a digital signal. The relay processor (113) receives and processes the signal input from the modem (111), regenerates it into a signal of the same frequency band, and processes the transmission. The modem (111) modulates the digital signal transmitted from the relay processor (113) into an analog signal. The modulated signal is transmitted from the first transmitting / receiving antenna (110) and the second transmitting / receiving antenna (112).

[0099] According to the wireless detonation system (100) described above, as shown in FIG. 13, the front end (102a) of the housing (102) is installed and accommodated in the interior of the insertion hole (74). A second relay device (108) is installed at the entrance of the insertion hole (74). The housing (109) of the second relay device (108) has a front end (109a) protruding from the entrance of the insertion hole (74), and an inner end (109b) accommodated in the interior of the insertion hole (74). Thus, between the relay device (101) installed inside the insertion hole (74) and the blasting operation device (40) outside the insertion hole (74), it is possible to transmit and receive well at a first frequency that is difficult to penetrate into the ground or rock. In addition, the housing (102) can be made compact with respect to the insertion hole (74). Because of this, it is easy to insert the relay device (101) installed inside the insertion hole (74) into the insertion hole (74).

[0100] Although one embodiment of the present disclosure has been described with reference to the structure above, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that many substitutions, improvements, and modifications are possible without departing from the purpose of one embodiment of the present disclosure. Accordingly, one embodiment of the present disclosure may include all substitutions, improvements, and modifications that do not depart from the spirit and purpose of the appended claims. For example, one embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to the particular structure above and may be modified as follows.

[0101] For example, the wireless detonation system (1, 80) can be used for excavation work of a tunnel (70) as described above. Alternatively, it may be applied to crushing work of structures such as buildings or excavation work of the seabed. The detonator (10) of the above embodiment has a receiving coil (12) that serves as a transmitting and receiving antenna. Instead of this, the detonator (10) may have a receiving antenna separate from the receiving coil (12), or a receiving antenna and a transmitting antenna that are separate from the receiving coil (12) and also separate from each other. Likewise, the relay device (30) may have a first and second receiving antenna and a first and second transmitting antenna, respectively, instead of a first transmitting and receiving antenna (35) and a second transmitting and receiving antenna (37). The blasting operation device (40) may have a receiving antenna and a transmitting antenna, respectively, instead of a transmitting and receiving antenna (47).

[0102] The communication device (55) on the loading unit side of the above embodiment has a feed coil (53) that serves as a transmitting and receiving antenna. Instead of this, the communication device (55) on the loading unit side may have an antenna separate from the feed coil (53), or a receiving antenna and a transmitting antenna that are separate from the feed coil (53) and also separate from each other. Likewise, the relay device (81) may have, for example, a second transmitting and receiving antenna separate from the receiving coil (85), or a second receiving antenna and a second transmitting antenna that are separate from the receiving coil (85) and also separate from each other.

[0103] The relay device (30) of the above embodiment has a housing (31) in which a first transmitting / receiving antenna (35), a second transmitting / receiving antenna (37), and a control circuit (32) equipped with a relay processor are integrally formed in the housing (31). Alternatively, the relay device (30) may have, for example, three housings, and the first transmitting / receiving antenna (35), the second transmitting / receiving antenna (37), and the control circuit (32) may each be formed in any of the three housings.

[0104] The loading unit side communication device (55) of the above embodiment is mounted on the primer loading unit (51). Instead of this, the loading unit side communication device (55) may be a handheld type separate from the primer loading unit (51), for example. The primer loading unit (51) may have multiple loading unit side communication devices (55). The primer loading unit (51) and the explosive delivery unit (50) may be separate. The charging of the detonating primer (10) by the primer loading unit (51) and the loading of the explosive charge hole (72) may be performed by an operator operating nearby, or may be performed automatically according to a pre-prepared program.

[0105] The detonator (10) of the above embodiment has one capacitor circuit (25). Instead of this, the detonator (10) may have, for example, two capacitor circuits (25). Thus, for example, energy for operating each electronic component can be stored in one capacitor circuit (25), and energy for ignition of the detonator ignition part (13) can be stored in the other capacitor circuit (25). The detonator (10) may be a non-rechargeable type, for example, having a power source in which power is stored in advance. The power source of the relay device (91, 101) and the second relay device (108) may be either rechargeable or non-rechargeable. A second relay device (108) that regenerates and transmits a signal received at the second frequency at the same second frequency is exemplified. Instead of this, the second relay device (108) may transmit the received signal as is to the inside or outside of the insertion hole (74). One relay device (30, 81) may be used for one blast or multiple relay devices may be used. The first frequency wireless signal may be the same frequency for both upstream and downstream, or different frequencies within, for example, the range of 1 M to 10 GHz. The second frequency wireless signal may be the same frequency for both upstream and downstream, or different frequencies within, for example, the range of 1 k to 500 kHz. The relay device (30) may be configured to be placed only at the front end of the insertion hole (74), for example.

Claims

Claim 1 A wireless detonation system comprising: a blasting operation device installed apart from a blasting target and transmitting a first downward wireless signal of a first frequency; a detonating detonator having an explosive-side receiving antenna loaded into a charge hole of the blasting target and receiving a second downward wireless signal of a second frequency lower than the first frequency; a first receiving antenna receiving the first downward wireless signal; a relay processor receiving and processing the first downward wireless signal and processing it to transmit the second downward wireless signal of the second frequency; and a relay device having a second transmitting antenna transmitting the second downward wireless signal, wherein the second transmitting antenna is loaded into an insertion hole of the blasting target parallel to the charge hole. Claim 2 In claim 1, the detonator has an explosive-side transmitting antenna that transmits a second uplink wireless signal of the second frequency, and the relay device has a second receiving antenna that receives the second uplink wireless signal, a relay processor that receives and processes the second uplink wireless signal and processes it for transmission as a first uplink wireless signal of the first frequency, and a first transmitting antenna that transmits the first uplink wireless signal, and the blasting operating device has a wireless detonation system that receives the first uplink wireless signal. Claim 3 A wireless detonation system according to claim 2, wherein the explosive-side receiving antenna and the explosive-side transmitting antenna are common antennas, the first receiving antenna and the first transmitting antenna are common antennas, and the second receiving antenna and the second transmitting antenna are common antennas. Claim 4 A wireless detonation system according to claim 1, wherein the relay device has a housing into which a portion or all is inserted into the insertion hole, and the first receiving antenna, the second transmitting antenna, and the relay processor are integrally formed in the housing, or wherein the relay device has a plurality of housings into which the first receiving antenna is formed in one of the plurality of housings, the second transmitting antenna is formed in one of the plurality of housings, and the relay processor is formed in one of the plurality of housings. Claim 5 A wireless detonation system according to claim 4, wherein the housing has an inner end installed inside the insertion hole, the second transmitting antenna is formed on the inner end, and the first receiving antenna is formed on the front end of the housing on the opposite side of the inner end. Claim 6 A wireless detonation system according to claim 5, wherein the front end of the housing is installed protruding from the blasting target through the insertion hole together with the first receiving antenna. Claim 7 A wireless detonation system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the second frequency is 1 kHz to 500 kHz that penetrates bedrock, and the first frequency is 1 MHz to 10 GHz. Claim 8 A wireless detonation system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising a detonator loading unit for loading the detonator into the charge hole, wherein the detonator loading unit has a loading unit-side communication device capable of communicating with the explosive-side receiving antenna of the detonator before loading into the charge hole using a wireless signal of the second frequency. Claim 9 In claim 8, the detonator has a receiving coil for receiving operating energy and a capacitor for storing the operating energy, and the detonator loading unit has a supply coil for supplying the operating energy to the receiving coil of the detonator before it is loaded into the charge hole, in a wireless detonation system. Claim 10 In claim 9, the relay device is a wireless detonation system having a receiving coil that receives operating energy from the feeding coil of the detonator loading unit and a capacitor that stores the operating energy. Claim 11 In claim 8, a wireless detonation system in which the detonator loading unit is formed in an explosive delivery unit that delivers explosives loaded into the explosive hole. Claim 12 A relay device for a wireless detonation system, comprising: a first receiving antenna that receives a first downward wireless signal of a first frequency from a blasting operating device installed apart from a blasting target; a relay processor that receives and processes the first downward wireless signal and processes it for transmission as a second downward wireless signal of a second frequency lower than the first frequency; a second transmitting antenna that transmits the second downward wireless signal to a receiving antenna on the explosive side of a detonator loaded into a charge hole of the blasting target; and a housing on which the first receiving antenna, the relay processor, and the second transmitting antenna are mounted, wherein the housing is loaded into an insertion hole of the blasting target parallel to the charge hole. Claim 13 A relay device for a wireless detonation system according to claim 12, comprising a second receiving antenna for receiving a second uplink wireless signal of the second frequency transmitted from the detonator, a relay processor for receiving and processing the second uplink wireless signal and processing it for transmission as a first uplink wireless signal of the first frequency, and a first transmitting antenna for transmitting the first uplink wireless signal, wherein the second receiving antenna, the relay processor, and the first transmitting antenna are mounted in the housing. Claim 14 A relay device for a wireless detonation system according to claim 13, wherein the first receiving antenna and the first transmitting antenna are common antennas, and the second receiving antenna and the second transmitting antenna are common antennas. Claim 15 A relay device for a wireless detonation system according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein the second transmitting antenna is formed at the inner end of the housing installed inside the insertion hole, and the first receiving antenna is formed at the front end of the housing on the opposite side of the inner end. Claim 16 A relay device for a wireless detonation system according to claim 15, wherein the front end of the housing is installed protruding from the blasting target through the insertion hole together with the first receiving antenna. Claim 17 A relay device for a wireless detonation system according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein the second frequency is 1 kHz to 500 kHz that penetrates bedrock, and the first frequency is 1 MHz to 10 GHz. Claim 18 A wireless detonation method using a wireless detonation system, wherein a blasting operating device installed at a location separated from a blasting target and a first antenna of a relay device installed in an insertion hole of the blasting target communicate with each other using a wireless signal of a first frequency of 1 MHz to 10 GHz, a detonating fuse installed in a charge hole of the blasting target and a second antenna of the relay device communicate with each other using a wireless signal of a second frequency of 1 kHz to 500 kHz, a relay processor of the relay device receives and processes the signal of the first frequency and also processes the transmission of the signal of the second frequency, and furthermore, the relay processor of the relay device receives and processes the signal of the second frequency and also processes the transmission of the signal of the first frequency. Claim 19 A wireless detonation method according to claim 18, wherein the blasting operating device transmits a first downward wireless signal of the first frequency to the relay device, the relay processor of the relay device receives and processes the first downward wireless signal and processes it for transmission as a second downward wireless signal of the second frequency, and the relay device transmits the second downward wireless signal to the detonator. Claim 20 A wireless detonation method according to claim 18 or 19, wherein the detonator transmits a second uplink wireless signal of the second frequency to the relay device, the relay processor of the relay device receives and processes the second uplink wireless signal and processes it for transmission as a first uplink wireless signal of the first frequency, and the relay device transmits the first uplink wireless signal to the blasting operation device. Claim 21 A wireless detonation method according to claim 18 or 19, wherein a detonator loading unit wirelessly supplies power to the detonator and the relay device in the vicinity of the blasting target, the detonator loading unit loads the charged detonator into the charge hole of the blasting target, and the detonator loading unit loads the charged relay device into the insertion hole of the blasting target.

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