Solid state hydrogen absorption and desorption system

Abstract

The present invention relates to a solid hydrogen absorption and release system, and more specifically, to a solid hydrogen absorption and release system in which the absorption and release of solid hydrogen can be easily achieved and the storage of solid hydrogen can be easily performed even at room temperature and low pressure. To this end, the present invention comprises: a solid hydrogen container including an inner container for storing solid hydrogen, a water jacket formed to surround the inner container, a mesh pipe provided inside the inner container, and a tube in the form of a coil surrounding the mesh pipe inside the inner container and discharging a heat source injected from the outside to the water jacket; a bomb for storing hydrogen gas; a supply line for supplying hydrogen gas from the bomb to the solid hydrogen container; a discharge line for discharging hydrogen gas generated in the solid hydrogen container; and a water tank in which water as a heat source is stored and a heater for applying heat is provided. The apparatus includes a pressure pump connected to the above tank to supply a heat source to the above solid hydrogen container; wherein the heater applies heat to the heat source pressurized by the pressure pump, thereby heating the heat source to a temperature higher than its boiling point and supplying it; and when hydrogen gas is supplied from the above cylinder along the supply line to the above solid hydrogen container, the heat source to which low-temperature heat is applied by the heater is supplied to the above solid hydrogen container by the pressure pump, and the supplied hydrogen gas is absorbed by the above solid hydrogen, and when the heat source heated to a high temperature by the heater is supplied to the above solid hydrogen container by the pressure pump, and hydrogen gas is generated from the above solid hydrogen, the hydrogen gas is discharged along the discharge line.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a solid hydrogen absorption and release system, and more specifically, to a solid hydrogen absorption and release system in which the absorption and release of solid hydrogen can be easily achieved and the storage of solid hydrogen can be easily performed even at room temperature and low pressure. Background Technology

[0002] Due to global warming, extreme weather phenomena such as heatwaves, heavy snowfall, typhoons, and wildfires are occurring in various parts of the world, and it is predicted that if the global temperature rises by more than 2°C, natural disasters that humans cannot cope with will occur.

[0003] To limit the rise in global temperature to within 1.5℃, it is necessary to transition to a carbon-neutral society with zero net carbon emissions by 2050.

[0004] Technology development is underway worldwide to minimize greenhouse gas emissions and control the remaining emissions to a sustainable level, thereby limiting the rise in global temperature to below 1.5°C.

[0005] In other words, various technologies to respond to climate change are being developed internationally, and domestic policies are also being implemented with a focus on the 2050 Carbon Neutrality Roadmap.

[0006] To this end, measures such as the dissemination of eco-friendly vehicles, the promotion of new and renewable energy, and the introduction of eco-friendly technologies in industrial sectors are being proposed.

[0007] Meanwhile, these efforts have ushered in an era of energy transition, and by utilizing hydrogen as an energy source, systems for the safe storage and use of green hydrogen are being developed.

[0008] Hydrogen storage methods can be broadly classified into liquid hydrogen, high-pressure hydrogen, and solid hydrogen represented by storage alloys.

[0009] Liquid hydrogen storage technology is expensive to liquefy and faces the challenge of maintaining the temperature during transportation.

[0010] In addition, high-pressure hydrogen, or gaseous hydrogen storage technology, requires pressure equipment capable of withstanding high pressure of 150 atmospheres and poses a high risk in the event of an impact.

[0011] In addition, solid-state hydrogen storage technology is a technique for storing hydrogen on the surface or within a material. It utilizes the principle that the volume of hydrogen decreases significantly when adsorbed onto a specific solid material, and the hydrogen stored in this way can be reheated or depressurized to extract hydrogen gas.

[0012] As such, it is known that hydrogen storage devices in the form of solid compounds are highly efficient when considering aspects such as stability and volume; however, research in this area is still insufficient in Korea, and technological development in this regard is necessary. Prior art literature

[0013] Korean Registered Patent Publication No. 10-2591657 (Oct. 16, 2023) Korean Published Patent Publication No. 10-2021-0156402 (Dec. 27, 2021) The problem to be solved

[0014] The present invention was devised to solve the above-mentioned problems and aims to provide a solid hydrogen absorption and release system that enables easy absorption and release of hydrogen gas through solid hydrogen.

[0015] The purpose is to provide a solid hydrogen absorption and release system that facilitates the storage of solid hydrogen even at room temperature and low pressure.

[0016] In addition, the purpose is to provide a solid hydrogen absorption and release system capable of supplying water, which serves as a heat source, by heating it to a high temperature above its boiling point.

[0018] In addition, other objects and advantages of the present invention will be described below, and it should be noted that they will be encompassed to a broader extent by means and combinations within the scope that can be easily derived from the matters described in the claims of the present invention and the disclosure of the embodiments thereof. means of solving the problem

[0019] The present invention for achieving the above objective comprises: a solid hydrogen container including an inner container for storing solid hydrogen, a water jacket formed to surround the inner container, a mesh pipe provided inside the inner container, and a tube in the form of a coil surrounding the mesh pipe inside the inner container and discharging a heat source injected from the outside to the water jacket; a bomb for storing hydrogen gas; a supply line for supplying hydrogen gas from the bomb to the solid hydrogen container; a discharge line for discharging hydrogen gas generated in the solid hydrogen container; and a water tank in which water is stored as a heat source and a heater for applying heat is provided. The apparatus includes a pressure pump connected to the above tank to supply a heat source to the above solid hydrogen container; wherein the heater applies heat to the heat source pressurized by the pressure pump, thereby heating the heat source to a temperature higher than its boiling point and supplying it; and when hydrogen gas is supplied from the above cylinder along the supply line to the above solid hydrogen container, the heat source to which low-temperature heat is applied by the heater is supplied to the above solid hydrogen container by the pressure pump, and the supplied hydrogen gas is absorbed by the above solid hydrogen, and when the heat source heated to a high temperature by the heater is supplied to the above solid hydrogen container by the pressure pump, and hydrogen gas is generated from the above solid hydrogen, the hydrogen gas is discharged along the discharge line.

[0020] And according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the supply line and discharge line further include a Mass Flow Controller (MFC) for controlling the flow rate of hydrogen gas, a Back Pressure Valve (BPV) for maintaining the pressure of hydrogen gas, and a Pressure Safety Valve (PSV) for emergency venting when the pressure of hydrogen gas is abnormal.

[0021] In addition, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the supply line and the discharge line are each further provided with a bypass line to protect the MFC during line filling or maintenance. Effects of the invention

[0022] As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be expected.

[0023] Solid hydrogen has the effect of facilitating the absorption and release of hydrogen gas.

[0024] In other words, when hydrogen gas is supplied, a heat source is optimally supplied to the solid hydrogen container, allowing it to be easily absorbed by the solid hydrogen.

[0025] Conversely, when a heat source, that is, a heat source with a higher temperature than the aforementioned heat source, is supplied to the solid hydrogen container, hydrogen gas can be easily released from the solid hydrogen.

[0026] In addition, due to the structure of the solid hydrogen container and the structure of the heat source supply, there is also the effect of facilitating the storage of solid hydrogen even at room temperature and low pressure.

[0027] In addition, the structure of the solid hydrogen container allows for the optimal supply of a heat source to the solid hydrogen in the inner container, and also has the effect of rapidly facilitating heat exchange within the inner container.

[0028] In addition, it has the effect of being able to supply water, which serves as a heat source, heated to a high temperature above its boiling point.

[0029] In other words, by heating water under pressure, it is possible to heat it to a high temperature much higher than its boiling point, and by supplying this, there is also the effect of facilitating heat exchange.

[0031] In addition, it should be noted that other effects of the present invention will be encompassed in a broader scope by the embodiments described above and the matters described in the claims of the present invention, as well as by effects that can be easily derived from them and potential advantages that contribute to industrial development. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0032] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a solid hydrogen absorption and emission system according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a drawing showing a solid hydrogen container of a solid hydrogen absorption and release system according to the present invention. Figure 3 is a diagram showing the hydrogen absorption process in a solid hydrogen absorption and release system according to the present invention. Figure 4 is a diagram showing the hydrogen release process in a solid hydrogen absorption and release system according to the present invention. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0033] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. Prior to the description, the advantages and features of the present invention and the methods for achieving them will become clear by referring to the embodiments described below in detail together with the attached drawings. Furthermore, it should be noted that the terms used in this specification are for describing the embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention; that singular forms of such terms include plural forms unless specifically stated otherwise in the text, and that words indicating direction in the description are intended to aid in understanding the description and may change depending on the context.

[0035] A solid hydrogen absorption and emission system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings.

[0036] FIG. 1 is a drawing showing a solid hydrogen absorption and release system according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a drawing showing a solid hydrogen container of a solid hydrogen absorption and release system according to the present invention.

[0037] Referring to FIG. 1, the solid hydrogen absorption and release system (600) according to the present invention includes a solid hydrogen container (100), a supply line (200), a release line (300), a water tank (400), and a pressure pump (500).

[0038] First, the solid hydrogen container (100) according to the present invention includes, with reference to FIG. 2, an inner container (10), a tube (20), a water jacket (30), and a mesh pipe (40).

[0039] The inner container (10) stores solid hydrogen.

[0040] Solid hydrogen utilizes a hydrogen storage alloy, and hydrogen is supplied to the storage alloy at low pressure, causing the storage alloy to absorb the hydrogen.

[0041] Conversely, when the pressure of hydrogen is released or the temperature is increased, it is stored as solid hydrogen or released as hydrogen gas through a reaction that releases hydrogen.

[0042] Solid hydrogen can react reversibly with hydrogen to accept atomic hydrogen into the crystal lattice and form metal hydrides.

[0043] The formation and decomposition reactions of hydrides are as follows.

[0044] M + n / 2H2↔ MH n

[0045] Here, M is solid hydrogen. Solid hydrogen can be any one of LaNi5H6, NaAlH4 (sodium aluminum hydride), or Mg(NH2)2 (magnesium amide), and as mentioned above, hydrogen can be stored more compactly compared to liquid hydrogen.

[0047] Next, the tube (20) is provided in a coil shape within the inner container (10) and includes a first outlet (21) and an inlet (23).

[0048] The inlet (23) is where a heat source is injected from the outside, and water is injected as indicated by the arrow marked A.

[0049] The heat source injected through the inlet (23) is evenly distributed within the inner container (10) by the coil shape of the tube (20) and discharged through the first outlet (21).

[0050] The first outlet (21) is exposed to the outside of the inner container (10) and connected to the water jacket (30), and the heat source discharged through the first outlet (21) is supplied to the water jacket (30).

[0052] Next, the water jacket (30) is formed to surround the inner container (10) and includes a second outlet (31) and a baffle (33).

[0053] The heat source injected into the tube (20) is injected into the water jacket (30) through the first outlet (21), and the heat source is evenly supplied from the outside of the inner container (10) through the water jacket (30), and the heat source is discharged to the outside through the second outlet (31) as indicated by the arrow marked A'.

[0054] The baffle (33) is formed on the inner side of the water jacket (30) so that the heat source can be supplied more evenly.

[0056] Next, the mesh pipe (40) is provided inside the inner container (10), and is provided inside the tube (20) provided inside the inner container (10).

[0057] The mesh pipe (40) is provided with a pipe (41) on one side.

[0058] When a heat source is supplied to the solid hydrogen stored in the inner container (10), the hydrogen gas generated from the solid hydrogen passes through the mesh pipe (40) and is released through the pipe (41) as indicated by the arrow marked B.

[0059] Meanwhile, hydrogen gas may be supplied through these pipes (41) and stored in an inner container (10).

[0060] That is, for the storage of solid hydrogen, when hydrogen gas is supplied through the pipe (41), a heat source is injected into the inlet (23) of the tube (20), and the supplied hydrogen gas passes through the mesh pipe (40) and is supplied to the inner container (10) to be stored as solid hydrogen.

[0062] In the case of the solid hydrogen container (100) according to the present invention, such as this, it has the effect of being able to store a larger amount than the storage capacity of high-pressure hydrogen, i.e., gaseous hydrogen.

[0063] In other words, in the case of a hydrogen storage alloy that stores hydrogen at a low pressure of 10 atmospheres or less, i.e., solid hydrogen, an effective hydrogen storage capacity of 50 kg can be secured based on a container of 1 cubic meter.

[0064] If 50 kg of hydrogen is stored as high-pressure hydrogen, that is, gaseous hydrogen, then, since the volume storage density of high-pressure hydrogen at 200 atmospheres is 15 kg per cubic meter, about 3.3 cubic meters of volume is required to store 50 kg of gaseous hydrogen.

[0065] In other words, when storing the same amount of hydrogen, if a hydrogen storage alloy is used, it is possible to store hydrogen in 30% of the volume compared to high-pressure hydrogen even at low pressures of 10 atmospheres or less.

[0067] FIG. 1 briefly illustrates the shape of a solid hydrogen container (100), and as previously described, the details are the same as the shape shown in FIG. 2.

[0068] That is, a heat source is injected from the solid hydrogen container (100) through the inlet (23), and the injected heat source is injected into the water jacket (30) through the tube (20), then discharged through the second outlet (31) and circulated back to the water tank (400).

[0069] And the hydrogen gas supplied to the solid hydrogen container (100) is supplied through the pipe (41) of the mesh pipe (40).

[0070] Alternatively, hydrogen gas generated in the solid hydrogen container (100) is released through the pipe (41).

[0072] Next, the supply line (200) is a line that supplies hydrogen gas supplied from a bomb (not shown in the drawing) in which hydrogen gas is stored to a solid hydrogen container (100).

[0073] This supply line (200) is illustrated in more detail in FIG. 3. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the hydrogen absorption process in a solid hydrogen absorption and release system according to the present invention.

[0074] Referring to FIG. 3, as indicated by arrow C, hydrogen gas is supplied to the solid hydrogen container (100) through the supply line (200).

[0075] And the supply line (200) is equipped with an MFC (Mass Flow Controller; 210) for controlling the flow rate of hydrogen gas, a BPV (Back Pressure Valve; 220) for maintaining the pressure of hydrogen gas, and a PSV (Pressure Safety Valve; 230) for emergency venting in case of abnormal pressure of hydrogen gas.

[0076] As a result, when hydrogen gas is supplied from the bomb to the supply line (200) as indicated by arrow C, the hydrogen gas is supplied at a controlled flow rate through the MFC (210), and at this time, the pressure and supply direction of the hydrogen gas are controlled by the BPV (220) and the check valve (240).

[0077] Additionally, the supply line (200) is provided with a bypass line (250), which is provided for line filling or maintenance.

[0078] That is, the bypass line (250) is used in case of hydrogen gas direction error and pressure error, thereby preventing damage to the MFC (210) and BPV (220).

[0080] Next, the discharge line (300) is a line that discharges hydrogen gas discharged from the solid hydrogen container (100) to a required process.

[0081] The release line (300) is illustrated in more detail in FIG. 4. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the hydrogen release process in a solid hydrogen absorption and release system according to the present invention.

[0082] Referring to Fig. 4, as indicated by arrow E, hydrogen gas is released to the outside through the release line (300).

[0083] This discharge line (300) is equipped with an MFC (310) for controlling the flow rate of hydrogen gas, a BPV (320) for maintaining the pressure of hydrogen gas, and a PSV (330) for emergency venting when the pressure of hydrogen gas is abnormal, just like the supply line (200) described above.

[0084] That is, the hydrogen gas released from the solid hydrogen container (100) is released with its pressure, flow rate, and release direction controlled through the MFC (310), BPV (320), and check valve (340).

[0085] Additionally, a bypass line (350) is also provided in the discharge line (300), and is provided for line filling or maintenance.

[0087] Next, the water tank (400) stores water as a heat source and is equipped with a heater (450) that applies heat.

[0088] The solid hydrogen absorption and release system (600) according to the present invention uses water as a heat source and stores this water in a water tank (400).

[0089] And a heater (450) that heats the water is connected to the water tank (400).

[0090] Water heated in the water tank (400) through the heater (450) is transferred to the solid hydrogen container (100) through the pressure pump (500) as shown by arrow D.

[0091] That is, the pressure pump (500) is connected to the water tank (400) so that water, which is a heat source, is supplied to the solid hydrogen container (100).

[0092] At this time, the pressure pump (500) not only serves to supply the heat source of the water tank (400), but also pressurizes the heat source.

[0093] Generally, the boiling point of water is 100°C, but in the case of pressurized water like this, when the heater (450) applies heat, it can be heated to a temperature higher than the boiling point.

[0094] Accordingly, in the present invention, the heater (450) applies heat to the heat source, i.e., water, which is pressurized by the pressure pump (500), so that the water can be heated to a temperature higher than its boiling point and supplied.

[0095] With a heat source supplied at such a very high temperature, heat exchange in the solid hydrogen container (100) can be carried out quickly and effectively.

[0096] Meanwhile, the water in the tank (400) is heated by the heater (450) according to the process, either by cold heat or by high heat.

[0097] That is, during the solid hydrogen absorption process in which hydrogen gas is absorbed into the solid hydrogen container (100), a heat source heated to a low temperature by a heater (450) is supplied to the solid hydrogen container (100), and during the solid hydrogen discharge process in which hydrogen gas is discharged from the solid hydrogen container (100), a heat source heated to a high temperature by a heater (450) is supplied to the solid hydrogen container (100).

[0099] Hereinafter, the process of absorbing and releasing solid hydrogen in the solid hydrogen absorption and release system (600) according to the present invention will be described.

[0100] First, looking at the solid hydrogen absorption and release system (600), as shown in FIG. 3, hydrogen gas is supplied from the bomb along the supply line (200) to the solid hydrogen container (100) as indicated by arrow C.

[0101] And as indicated by arrow D, the heater (450) heats, i.e., applies cold heat to the heat source pressurized by the pressure pump (500), so that the low-temperature heat source is supplied to the solid hydrogen container (100), and as a result, the supplied hydrogen gas can be absorbed and stored in the solid hydrogen stored in the solid hydrogen container (100).

[0103] Next, looking at the solid hydrogen release process in the solid hydrogen absorption and release system (600), as shown in FIG. 4, as indicated by arrow D, a heater (450) applies high temperature to a heat source pressurized by a pressure pump (500) and heats it, and the high temperature heat source is supplied to the solid hydrogen container (100).

[0104] As a result, hydrogen gas is generated from the solid hydrogen stored in the solid hydrogen container (100), and hydrogen gas is released along the release line (300) as shown by arrow E.

[0106] The foregoing description is merely an illustrative explanation of the technical concept of the present invention, and those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains will be able to make various modifications, changes, and substitutions within the scope of the essential characteristics of the present invention. Furthermore, as described above, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention and the accompanying drawings are intended to explain, not limit, the technical concept of the present invention, and the scope of the technical concept of the present invention is not limited by such embodiments and accompanying drawings. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be interpreted by the claims below, and all technical concepts within an equivalent scope shall be interpreted as being included within the scope of rights of the present invention. Explanation of the symbols

[0107] 100; solid hydrogen container 200; supply line 210, 310; MFC 220, 320; BPV 230, 330; PSV 240, 340; check valve 250, 350; bypass line 300; release line 400; tank 450; heater 500; Pressure pump 600; Solid hydrogen absorption and release system 10; inner container 20; tube 21, 31; outlet 23; injection port 30; Water jacket 33; Baffle 40; Mesh piping 41; Piping

Claims

Claim 1 A solid hydrogen container comprising: an inner container for storing solid hydrogen; a water jacket formed to surround the inner container; a mesh pipe provided inside the inner container; and a tube in the form of a coil surrounding the mesh pipe inside the inner container and discharging a heat source injected from the outside to the water jacket; a bomb for storing hydrogen gas; a supply line for supplying hydrogen gas from the bomb to the solid hydrogen container; a discharge line for discharging hydrogen gas generated in the solid hydrogen container; and a water tank for storing water as a heat source and equipped with a heater for applying heat. and a pressure pump connected to the above tank for supplying a heat source to the above solid hydrogen container; wherein the heater applies heat to the heat source pressurized by the pressure pump, thereby heating the heat source to a temperature higher than its boiling point and supplying it; when hydrogen gas is supplied from the above cylinder to the above solid hydrogen container along the supply line, the heat source to which low-temperature heat is applied by the heater is supplied to the above solid hydrogen container by the pressure pump, and the supplied hydrogen gas is absorbed by the above solid hydrogen; and when the heat source heated to a high temperature by the heater is supplied to the above solid hydrogen container by the pressure pump, and hydrogen gas is generated from the above solid hydrogen, the hydrogen gas is discharged along the discharge line; the supply line and the discharge line further include a Mass Flow Controller (MFC) for controlling the flow rate of hydrogen gas, a Back Pressure Valve (BPV) for maintaining the pressure of hydrogen gas, and a Pressure Safety Valve (PSV) for emergency venting in case of abnormal hydrogen gas pressure, and line filling or maintenance A solid hydrogen absorption and emission system characterized by each having a bypass line for protecting the MFC. Claim 2 delete Claim 3 delete

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