Composition

Abstract

This specification discloses a composition that can be applied to a product or element that may generate heat or have the potential for ignition or explosion during operation, storage, and / or maintenance, and can effectively respond to said heat, ignition, and explosion. For example, said composition can be applied to an article comprising a plurality of said product or element to respond to abnormal heat generation, explosion, and ignition occurring in any one of the elements or product, and to prevent or minimize the propagation of such heat generation, explosion, and ignition to adjacent elements or products. said composition also exhibits excellent handling and storage stability. This specification may also provide uses for said composition.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present application claims the benefit of priority based on Korean Patent Applications No. 10-2022-0125266 and No. 10-2022-0125271 filed September 30, 2022 and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0041417 filed March 29, 2023, and all contents disclosed in the documents of said Korean patent applications are incorporated herein as part of the specification.

[0002] This specification discloses a composition and its uses. Background Technology

[0003] Although the importance of technology for handling heat generated by products is growing, processing, managing, and controlling heat in products composed of multiple heat-generating elements is a difficult problem.

[0004] For example, a battery module or battery pack comprises multiple battery cells or multiple battery modules, which are located relatively close to each other. Consequently, heat, ignition, and / or explosions generated in any one battery cell or battery module can affect adjacent components and, in some cases, cause problems such as chain ignition or chain explosions. In such products, it is necessary to ensure that heat, explosions, or fires generated in any one component do not affect adjacent components. The problem to be solved

[0005] This specification discloses compositions and uses thereof. The purpose of this specification is to disclose compositions that can be applied to products or components that have the potential for abnormal heat generation, ignition, and / or explosion during operation, storage, and / or maintenance, and to effectively respond to said heat generation, ignition, and explosion.

[0006] For example, the composition disclosed herein may be applied to an article comprising a plurality of the above-mentioned products or elements to counteract abnormal heat generation, explosion and / or ignition occurring in any one of the elements or products, and to prevent or minimize the propagation of such heat generation, explosion and / or ignition to adjacent elements or products.

[0007] One objective of this application is also to provide a composition such as the above with excellent handling and storage stability. One objective of this application is also to provide a use for the composition such as the above. means of solving the problem

[0008] Among the physical properties mentioned in this specification, those properties affected by temperature are properties measured at room temperature, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0009] In this specification, the term "room temperature" refers to a natural temperature that is not heated or cooled, for example, any temperature within the range of about 10°C to 30°C, for example, about 23°C or about 25°C.

[0010] Unless otherwise specifically provided in this specification, the unit of temperature referred to in this specification is °C.

[0011] Among the physical properties mentioned in this specification, if pressure affects the result, said physical property is the property measured at atmospheric pressure unless specifically otherwise specified.

[0012] In this specification, the term atmospheric pressure refers to natural pressure that is not pressurized or depressurized, typically ranging from about 700 mmHg to 800 mmHg.

[0013] Among the physical properties mentioned in this specification, if humidity affects the result, the physical property is the property measured at standard humidity unless specifically otherwise specified. Standard humidity means about 40%, 50%, 60%, or 65% relative humidity.

[0014] This specification discloses a composition. In this specification, the term composition may mean a mixture of two or more different components. The composition may be a fire extinguishing composition. A fire extinguishing composition is a composition capable of responding to abnormal heat generation, ignition, and / or explosion occurring in an object.

[0015] The above composition may include a solvent. The solvent may be used to reduce heat through heat exchange, etc., or to eliminate flames generated by ignition and / or explosion when the exothermic reaction, ignition, and / or explosion occurs in an object adjacent to the composition. Such a solvent may cause the composition to exhibit the latent heat described below, and may also enable the carbonizable organic material described below to effectively form a carbonized material when required.

[0016] For example, the solvent may be a vaporizable solvent. When heat is applied to the solvent by the abnormal exothermic reaction, ignition, and / or explosion, the solvent vaporizes due to this heat, and the gas produced thereby can be used to reduce the heat or to remove the flame. Additionally, the desired latent heat may appear during the vaporization process.

[0017] As for the solvent, any non-flammable solvent may be used without special restrictions. For example, as the solvent, a solvent having a freezing point and / or boiling point within a predetermined range may be used.

[0018] For example, in order for the solvent to effectively respond to the heat generation, ignition, and / or explosion, it is necessary for it to exist in a liquid state at least at the time the heat generation, ignition, and explosion occur, and for this purpose, the freezing point of the solvent can be controlled.

[0019] For example, the lower limit of the freezing point of the solvent may be approximately -5°C, -4°C, -3°C, -2°C, -1°C, or 0°C, and the upper limit may be approximately 10°C, 9°C, 8°C, 7°C, 6°C, 5°C, 4°C, 3°C, or 2°C. The freezing point may be within a range lower than or less than any of the upper limits described above; or a range greater than or greater than any of the lower limits described above; or a range greater than or greater than any of the lower limits described above and lower than or less than any of the upper limits described above.

[0020] In order for the above solvent to efficiently respond to the above exothermic reaction, ignition, and / or explosion, it may be advantageous for it to be able to vaporize at least by the heat generated by the above exothermic reaction, ignition, and explosion, and for this purpose, the boiling point of the above solvent may be controlled.

[0021] The lower limit of the boiling point of the solvent may be approximately 80°C, 85°C, 90°C, or 95°C, and the upper limit may be approximately 120°C, 115°C, 110°C, or 105°C. The boiling point may be within a range lower than or less than any of the upper limits described above; or a range greater than or greater than any of the lower limits described above; or a range greater than or greater than any of the lower limits described above and lower than or less than any of the upper limits described above.

[0022] As a solvent, any suitable type may be selected and used without special restrictions as long as it has a freezing point and / or boiling point within the above range and is non-flammable.

[0023] Representative examples of non-flammable solvents having a freezing point and / or boiling point in the above range include water, and accordingly, water can be used as the solvent, but the types of applicable solvents are not limited to the above.

[0024] The lower limit of the proportion of the solvent in the composition may be, for example, about 10 wt%, 15 wt%, 20 wt%, 25 wt%, 30 wt%, 35 wt%, 40 wt%, 45 wt%, 50 wt%, 55 wt%, 60 wt%, 65 wt%, 70 wt%, 75 wt%, or 80 wt%, and the upper limit may be about 95 wt%, 90 wt%, 85 wt%, 80 wt%, 75 wt%, 70 wt%, 65 wt%, 60 wt%, 55 wt%, 50 wt%, 45 wt%, or 40 wt%. The proportion is a range less than or equal to any of the upper limits described above; or a range greater than or equal to any of the lower limits described above; Or it may be within a range greater than or equal to any of the lower limits described above, and less than or equal to any of the upper limits described above.

[0025] The above composition may include additional components to ensure appropriate fire extinguishing functions. For example, the composition may include a carbonization catalyst generating agent and a carbonizable organic material. The combination of these components causes a carbonized product of the carbonizable organic material to be formed at a necessary time (i.e., at a time when response to abnormal exothermic reactions, ignition, and / or explosions is required). The carbonized product thus formed can block the transfer of heat. For example, the carbonization catalyst generating agent can promote the carbonization of the carbonizable organic material and / or the generation of gas from the gas-generating material described later. The carbonization catalyst generating agent forms an acid or an acid-based salt or ion, etc., at high temperatures, and these components can play a role in promoting the carbonization and gas generation processes. Furthermore, depending on the type of carbonization catalyst generating agent, flame retardancy may be imparted to the carbonized product, or a component exhibiting flame retardancy on its own may be formed. For example, the carbonization catalyst generating agent described later forms a phosphoric acid-based material through decomposition at high temperatures, and this material may polymerize to possess flame retardancy. Accordingly, the carbonization catalyst generating agent can be included in the composition to enable the composition to respond to abnormal heat generation, ignition, and / or explosion.

[0026] It is necessary to apply the carbonization catalyst generating agent and the carbonizable organic material as described above together with the solvent. In this case, the carbonization catalyst generating agent must be used to have a solubility of at least a certain level with respect to the solvent (e.g., water). That is, the components dispersed within the solvent can come into more effective contact with each other and interact at the required time to efficiently form the desired carbonized material. Furthermore, by controlling the solubility of the carbonization catalyst generating agent in the solvent, aggregation or phase separation of the components within the composition can be prevented, and the formation of the aforementioned carbonized material and / or flame retardant can proceed more effectively. For example, the lower limit of the solubility of the carbonization catalyst generating agent in the solvent may be approximately 5 g, 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, 25 g, 30 g, 35 g, or 40 g, and the upper limit may be approximately 1000 g, 900 g, 800 g, 700 g, 600 g, 500 g, 400 g, 300 g, 200 g, 100 g, 90 g, 80 g, 70 g, 60 g, 50 g, 40 g, or 30 g. The solubility may be within a range greater than or exceeding any of the lower limits described above; or within a range greater than or exceeding any of the lower limits described above and less than or equal to any of the upper limits described above. The above solubility is the weight (g) of the carbonization catalyst product that can be maximally dissolved in 100 g of the above solvent (e.g., water) at 25°C. The above solubility is measured in the manner described in “11. Evaluation of Solubility” of the Examples section of this specification.

[0027] The above carbonization catalyst generating agent may be used without special limitations as long as it can decompose at high temperatures to form an acid or an acid-based salt or ion, and has the above solubility. Examples of the above carbonization catalyst generating agent include phosphoric acid compounds such as phosphoric acid and phosphates, phosphonate compounds, or phosphate compounds. The above carbonization catalyst generating agent may be, for example, first or second ammonium phosphate, urea phosphate, guanyle urea phosphate, or ammonium polyphosphate, and one or more of the above may be selected and used.

[0028] The above carbonization catalyst generating agent may be present in the composition in an appropriate amount considering the intended effect. For example, the lower limit of the weight ratio of the carbonization catalyst generating agent relative to 100 parts by weight of the solvent may be approximately 0.5 parts by weight, 1 part by weight, 5 parts by weight, 10 parts by weight, 11 parts by weight, 12 parts by weight, 13 parts by weight, 14 parts by weight, 15 parts by weight, 16 parts by weight, 17 parts by weight, or 18 parts by weight, and the upper limit may be approximately 100 parts by weight, 95 parts by weight, 90 parts by weight, 85 parts by weight, 80 parts by weight, 75 parts by weight, 70 parts by weight, 65 parts by weight, 60 parts by weight, 55 parts by weight, 50 parts by weight, 45 parts by weight, 40 parts by weight, 35 parts by weight, 30 parts by weight, 25 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight, or 15 parts by weight. The above ratio may be within a range below or less than any of the upper limits described above; or within a range above or greater than any of the lower limits described above; or within a range above or greater than any of the lower limits described above and below or less than any of the upper limits described above. If the content of the carbonization catalyst generating agent, which has excellent solubility in a solvent, is excessively high, the amount of solvent that can be applied to the composition is limited, and since the vaporization characteristics of the solvent are affected by the carbonization catalyst generating agent dissolved in the solvent, making it difficult to secure the desired latent heat, the amount of the carbonization catalyst generating agent may be adjusted in consideration of this.

[0029] The above composition may include carbonized organic material as an additional component.

[0030] The above-mentioned carbonizable organic material is an organic material that carbonizes to form a carbonized material when exposed to a flame or heat at a predetermined temperature. The carbonized material formed by such an organic material is often porous and, accordingly, can possess an insulating function. Therefore, when the composition is exposed to abnormal heat generation, ignition, or explosion, the organic material can form an appropriate carbonized material to exhibit an insulating function. As described above, by adding the specific carbonization catalyst generating agent and the carbonizable organic material to a solvent, it is possible to form a carbonized material capable of effectively responding to abnormal heat generation, ignition, and / or explosion even when applying a small amount of the carbonizable organic material.

[0031] Furthermore, when the gas generating material described below is applied together, porous carbons can be formed more effectively through the action of the gas generated from the gas generating material during the process in which the organic material forms carbons. Additionally, the carbonization catalyst generating agent enables the carbonizable organic material to form carbons more effectively.

[0032] As for the above organic material, any material that forms carbonized material when exposed to heat or flame may be applied without special restrictions.

[0033] Examples of such organic substances include sugars such as sorbitol or mannitol; polysaccharides such as starch or dextrins (e.g., maleated cyclodexdrin (MC) or metal salts of said MC); polyhydric alcohols such as pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, or THEIC (tris(hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate); cellulose; BSPPO (bi(4-methoxy-1-phospha-2,6,7-trioxabicyclo[2.2.2]-octan-1-sulfide)phenylphosphate); lignin (alkali lignin or urea-modified liginin, etc.); melamine compounds such as methylol melamine; and phenol-formaldehyde. Examples may include, but are not limited to, resins (phenol-formaldehyde resins) and / or char-forming polymers such as PA6T (Poly-hexamethylene terephthalamide).

[0034] A representative material applicable as the above-mentioned carbonizable organic material is starch. Starch is relatively easy to obtain and can form suitable carbonized products when exposed to heat or flame.

[0035] The type of starch can be controlled in order to efficiently form the above carbonized material and to ensure that the formed carbonized material effectively exerts the desired digestion or thermal insulation effect.

[0036] For example, the above starch may be a starch containing amylose and amylopectin, with their ratio adjusted to an appropriate level. As is known, amylopectin and amylose are types of polysaccharides found mainly in plants, and among polysaccharides, starch is composed of amylose and amylopectin. Amylose consists of glucose molecules linked by α (1→4) glycosidic bonds and has a linear chain structure, whereas amylopectin has relatively short and highly branched chains. Amylose crystallizes relatively easily compared to amylopectin, and amylopectin has relatively high solubility in water compared to amylose.

[0037] The desired composition can be provided more efficiently by using starch in which amylose and amylopectin having the above characteristics are present in an appropriate ratio.

[0038] For example, in a starch containing the above amylose and amylopectin, the lower limit of the weight ratio of amylopectin relative to 100 parts by weight of the above amylose may be approximately 150 parts by weight, 200 parts by weight, 250 parts by weight, or 300 parts by weight, and the upper limit may be approximately 900 parts by weight, 850 parts by weight, 800 parts by weight, 750 parts by weight, 700 parts by weight, 650 parts by weight, 600 parts by weight, 550 parts by weight, 500 parts by weight, 450 parts by weight, 400 parts by weight, 350 parts by weight, or 300 parts by weight. The ratio is within a range lower than or equal to any of the upper limits described above; or within a range greater than or equal to any of the lower limits described above. Alternatively, it may be a range greater than or equal to any of the lower limits described above, and less than or equal to any of the upper limits described above. The ratio of amylose to amylopectin may be measured according to the method described in “9. Measurement of content of amylopectin and amylose” of the Examples section of this specification.

[0039] As the above starch, starch having a molecular weight, for example, a weight-average molecular weight (Mw), within a predetermined range may be used.For example, the lower limit of the weight-average molecular weight of the above starch is 200,000 g / mol, 250,000 g / mol, 300,000 g / mol, 350,000 g / mol, 400,000 g / mol, 450,000 g / mol, 500,000 g / mol, 550,000 g / mol, 600,000 g / mol, 650,000 g / mol, 700,000 g / mol, 750,000 g / mol, 800,000 g / mol, 850,000 g / mol, 900,000 g / mol, 950,000 g / mol, 1,000,000 g / mol, 1,500,000 g / mol, 2,000,000 g / mol, 2,500,000 g / mol, 3,000,000 g / mol, 3,500,000 g / mol, 4,000,000 g / mol, 4,500,000 g / mol, 5,000,000 g / mol, 5,500,000 g / mol, 6,000,000 g / mol, 6,500,000 g / mol, 7,000,000 g / mol, 7,500,000 g / mol, 8,000,000 g / mol, 8,500,000 g / mol, 9,000,000 g / mol, 9,500,000 g / mol, 10,000,000 g / mol, 20,000,000 g / mol, It may be approximately 30,000,000 g / mol, 40,000,000 g / mol, or 50,000,000 g / mol, and the upper limit is 1,000,000,000 / mol, 900,000,000 / mol, 800,000,000 / mol, 700,000,000 / mol, 600,000,000 / mol, 500,000,000 / mol, 400,000,000 / mol, 300,000,000 / mol, 200,000,000 / mol, 150,000,000 / mol, 100,000,000 / mol, 90,000,000 / mol, 80,000,000 It can be about 70,000,000 / mol or 60,000,000 / mol.The above molecular weight may be within a range lower than or less than any of the upper limits described above; or within a range greater than or greater than any of the lower limits described above; or within a range greater than or greater than any of the lower limits described above and lower than or less than any of the upper limits described above. Starch having the above molecular weight (Mw) can form a carbonized material having a desired function (e.g., thermal insulation) more effectively when exposed to heat or flame. The above molecular weight may be measured in the manner described in “8. Measurement of Molecular Weight” of the Examples section of this specification.

[0040] The above-mentioned carbonizable organic material (e.g., the starch) may be used to have a gelatinization viscosity within a certain range. This gelatinization viscosity is related to the characteristics of the carbonizable organic material when present in a solvent, and the carbonized material can be formed more effectively by controlling the gelatinization viscosity. The lower limit of the gelatinization viscosity of the above carbonizable organic material (e.g., starch) may be approximately 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, or 1,000, and the upper limit may be approximately 5,000, 4,500, 4,000, 3,500, 3,000, 2,500, 2,000, 1,500, 1,000, 950, 900, 850, 800, 750, 700, 650, 600, 550, 500, 450, 400, 350, or It may be around 300. The gelatinization viscosity may be within a range below or less than any of the upper limits described above; or within a range above or greater than any of the lower limits described above; or above or greater than any of the lower limits described above and below or less than any of the upper limits described above. The gelatinization viscosity may be measured in the manner described in “12. Evaluation of Gelatinization Viscosity” of the Examples section of this specification, and the unit is BU (Brabeder unit).

[0041] The lower limit of the weight ratio of the carbonizable organic material relative to 100 parts by weight of the solvent may be approximately 0.01 parts by weight, 0.5 parts by weight, 1 part by weight, 2 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight, 6 parts by weight, 7 parts by weight, 8 parts by weight, 9 parts by weight, 9.5 parts by weight, or 10 parts by weight, and the upper limit may be 50 parts by weight, 45 parts by weight, 40 parts by weight, 35 parts by weight, 30 parts by weight, 29 parts by weight, 28 parts by weight, 27 parts by weight, 26 parts by weight, 25 parts by weight, 24 parts by weight, 23 parts by weight, 22 parts by weight, 21 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight, 19 parts by weight, 18 parts by weight, 17 parts by weight, 16 parts by weight, 15 parts by weight, 14 parts by weight, 13 parts by weight, 12 parts by weight, 11 The amount may be approximately 10 parts by weight, 9 parts by weight, 8 parts by weight, 7 parts by weight, 6 parts by weight, or 5 parts by weight. The above ratio may be within a range below or less than any of the upper limits described above; or within a range above or greater than any of the lower limits described above; or within a range above or greater than any of the lower limits described above and below or less than any of the upper limits described above. Carbonizable organic material included in such a ratio can effectively form carbons within the composition when necessary, and can enable the composition as a whole to have excellent handling and storage stability.

[0042] When the composition includes the carbonizable organic material, the weight ratio (M / O) of the carbonizing catalyst generating agent (M) and the carbonizable organic material (O) described above can be adjusted. For example, the lower limit of the ratio M / O may be approximately 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, or 3, and the upper limit may be approximately 20, 19, 18, 17, 16, 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3.5, 3, or 2.5. The ratio may be within a range below or less than any of the upper limits described above; or within a range above or greater than any of the lower limits described above; or within a range above or greater than any of the lower limits described above and below or less than any of the upper limits described above. The carbonizable organic material included in this ratio can exert an effective suppression effect against heat or flame and a porous carbon formation effect within the composition when necessary, and enable the composition as a whole to have excellent handling and storage stability.

[0043] The above composition may also include a gas-generating material as an optional additional component. The gas-generating material that may be included in the composition is a substance that generates gas when exposed to heat or flame. The gas generated in this way may act to directly extinguish the heat or flame, and may also perform the function of making the carbide more porous during the process of forming the carbide by the carbonizable organic material.

[0044] The type of gas generated by the above gas generating material is not particularly limited as long as it is a non-flammable gas, and may be, for example, nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide and / or water vapor.

[0045] Various substances that generate the above gases are known. For example, substances that generate the above nitrogen gas may be exemplified as melamine, guanidine, urea, melamine pyrophosphate, dicyandiamide, guanyleurea phosphate, and glycine, substances that generate carbon dioxide may be exemplified as potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, calcium bicarbonate, and magnesium bicarbonate, and substances that generate water vapor may be exemplified as calcium hydroxide, magnesium dihydroxide, and aluminum trihydroxide, but the substances applicable in this application are not limited to these.

[0046] As a gas generating material, one type or a mixture of two or more types selected from the types described above may be used.

[0047] To produce an appropriate effect, the above gas generating material may be a substance that generates nitrogen gas, for example, melamine, guanidine, urea, melamine pyrophosphate and / or guanyleurea phosphate. These materials are advantageous in that they more effectively exert a foaming effect on the carbonized material during the process of the carbonized organic material forming the carbonized material, thereby effectively forming the desired porous carbonized material.

[0048] When included, the lower limit of the weight ratio of the gas generating substance relative to 100 parts by weight of the solvent may be approximately 0.01 parts by weight, 0.5 parts by weight, 1 part by weight, 2 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight, 6 parts by weight, 7 parts by weight, 8 parts by weight, 9 parts by weight, 9.5 parts by weight, 10 parts by weight, 11 parts by weight, 12 parts by weight, 15 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight, 25 parts by weight, 30 parts by weight, 35 parts by weight, or 40 parts by weight, and the upper limit may be approximately 100 parts by weight, 95 parts by weight, 90 parts by weight, 85 parts by weight, 80 parts by weight, 75 parts by weight, 70 parts by weight, 65 parts by weight, 60 parts by weight, 55 parts by weight, 50 parts by weight, 45 parts by weight, 40 parts by weight, 35 parts by weight, 30 parts by weight. The amount may be approximately 25 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight, 15 parts by weight, 10 parts by weight, or 8 parts by weight. The above ratio may be within a range below or less than any of the upper limits described above; or within a range above or greater than any of the lower limits described above; or within a range above or greater than any of the lower limits described above and below or less than any of the upper limits described above. The gas-generating material included in such a ratio can exhibit an effective suppression effect against heat or flame and a porous carbon formation effect when necessary within the composition, and can enable the composition as a whole to have excellent handling and storage stability.

[0049] When the composition includes the gas generating material, the weight ratio (M / G) of the aforementioned carbonization catalyst generating agent (M) and the gas generating material (G) can be adjusted. For example, the lower limit of the ratio M / G may be approximately 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, or 3, and the upper limit may be approximately 20, 19, 18, 17, 16, 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, or 4. The ratio may be within a range below or less than any of the upper limits described above; or within a range above or greater than any of the lower limits described above; or within a range above or greater than any of the lower limits described above and below or less than any of the upper limits described above. The gas-generating material included in this ratio can exert an effective suppression effect against heat or flame and a porous carbon formation effect within the composition when necessary, and enable the composition as a whole to have excellent handling and storage stability.

[0050] The above composition may include an absorbent polymer as an optional additional component.

[0051] Absorbent polymers are polymers that have the property of being able to absorb water.

[0052] In one example, the absorbent polymer may be a so-called hydrogel polymer or hydrogel, which is generally defined as a cross-linked hydrophilic polymer. Such polymers are also known as Super Absorbent Polymers (SAP).

[0053] The above-mentioned absorbent polymer is a material capable of absorbing moisture tens to thousands of times its own weight. Such a material enables the composition of the present application to exist in a gel state as a whole, thereby ensuring handling and storage stability.

[0054] There are no specific restrictions on the types of absorbent polymers that can be applied, and generally, any polymer that can be applied as an SAP can be used without restriction.

[0055] Typically, the above-mentioned material is a polyacrylate-based vinyl polymer. The polyacrylate-based polymer mentioned above is a polymer prepared from acrylate-based monomers, and if necessary, other comonomers may be additionally used in the formation of the polymer.

[0056] The absorption properties of the above-mentioned absorbent polymer can be controlled so that it exhibits properties suitable for the use of the present application.

[0057] For example, the lower limit of the centrifugal retention capacity (CRC) of the above absorbent polymer according to the EDANA (European Disposables and Nonwovens Association) method WSP 241.3 may be approximately 12 g / g, 13 g / g, 14 g / g, 15 g / g, 16 g / g, 17 g / g, 18 g / g, 19 g / g, 20 g / g, 21 g / g, 22 g / g, 23 g / g, 24 g / g, 25 g / g, 26 g / g, 27 g / g, 28 g / g, 29 g / g, 30 g / g, 31 g / g, 32 g / g, or 33 g / g, and the upper limit may be approximately 60 g / g, 55 g / g, 50 g / g, 45 g / g, 40 It may be g / g or approximately 35 g / g. The above centrifuge retention capacity (CRC) may be within a range below or less than any of the upper limits described above; or within a range above or greater than any of the lower limits described above; or within a range above or greater than any of the lower limits described above and below or less than any of the upper limits described above. The above centrifuge retention capacity (CRC) may be evaluated in the manner described in “6. CRC (Centrifuge Retention Capacity)” of the Examples section of this specification.

[0058] For example, the lower limit of the pressure absorption capacity (AUP) of the above-mentioned absorbent polymer at 0.3 psi according to the EDANA (European Disposables and Nonwovens Association) method WSP 242.3 may be approximately 4 g / g, 6 g / g, 8 g / g, 10 g / g, 12 g / g, 14 g / g, 16 g / g, 18 g / g, 20 g / g, 22 g / g, 24 g / g, 26 g / g, 27 g / g, or 28 g / g, and the upper limit may be approximately 40 g / g, 38 g / g, 36 g / g, 34 g / g, 32 g / g, or 30 g / g. The above-mentioned absorption capacity (AUP) is within a range less than or equal to any one of the upper limits described above; Or it may be within a range greater than or greater than any of the lower limits described above; or within a range greater than or greater than any of the lower limits described above and less than or less than any of the upper limits described above. The above-mentioned pressure absorption capacity (AUP) may be evaluated in the manner described in “7. AUP (Absorption Under Pressure)” of the Examples section of this specification.

[0059] An absorbent polymer having such absorption capacity as described above can be combined with other components of the composition of the present application to exhibit desired characteristics.

[0060] The absorbent polymer may be a particulate polymer in one example. In order to secure desired viscosity characteristics and digestion functions through the application of the absorbent polymer, the weight-based size distribution of the particulate absorbent polymer may be controlled. In this specification, the term "weight-based size distribution of an absorbent polymer" refers to a size distribution measured according to the contents of "13. Weight-based size distribution of an absorbent polymer" in the Examples section of this specification, wherein the sample of the particulate absorbent polymer is divided into a fraction with a size of less than 150 μm (hereinafter referred to as "Fraction A"), a fraction within the range of 150 μm to 300 μm (hereinafter referred to as "Fraction B"), a fraction within the range of 300 μm to 600 μm (hereinafter referred to as "Fraction C"), a fraction within the range of 600 μm to 850 μm (hereinafter referred to as "Fraction D"), and a fraction greater than 850 μm (hereinafter referred to as "Fraction E"), and the weight of each fraction relative to the weight of the total particulate absorbent polymer sample It refers to a size distribution expressed as a percentage (weight ratio of each fraction). The above weight-based size distribution can be obtained according to the EDANA method WSP 220.3 standard in accordance with the contents of “17. Weight-based size distribution of absorbent polymers” in the above example item.

[0061] The particulate absorbent polymer may have a maximum weight size within the range of 150 μm to 850 μm in the weight-based size distribution. The maximum weight size is the size of the fraction exhibiting the highest weight ratio among the weight ratios of fraction A, fraction B, fraction C, fraction D, and fraction E. That is, the fact that the maximum weight size is within the range of 150 μm to 850 μm means that the weight ratio of the particulate absorbent polymer belonging to any one or more of fractions B, C, and D represents the largest value. Since the weight ratios of each of the two fractions are equal to each other and that weight ratio may represent the highest value among the weight ratios of each of the total fractions, there may be one or more fractions with the maximum weight size. In one example, the fraction with the maximum weight size may be fraction C among fractions B, C, and D. Accordingly, the maximum weight size in the above weight-based size distribution may be within the range of 300 μm to 600 μm.

[0062] The lower limit of the weight ratio in the fraction showing the maximum weight size in the weight-based size distribution of the particulate absorbent polymer (i.e., the weight ratio of the absorbent polymer belonging to the maximum weight size in the weight-based size distribution) may be approximately 35 wt%, 40 wt%, 45 wt%, 50 wt%, 55 wt%, 60 wt%, 65 wt%, 70 wt%, 71 wt%, 72 wt%, 73 wt%, or 74 wt%, and the upper limit may be approximately 95 wt%, 90 wt%, 85 wt%, 80 wt%, 79 wt%, 78 wt%, 77 wt%, 76 wt%, or 75 wt%. The weight ratio may be within a range greater than or exceeding any of the lower limits described above; or within a range greater than or exceeding any of the lower limits described above and less than or equal to any of the upper limits described above.

[0063] If the above maximum weight size is excessively small, and / or the weight ratio in the fraction representing the above maximum weight size is excessively small, the composition may not properly form the desired gel, resulting in poor handling and storage capabilities or failure to perform the desired digestive function; therefore, a suitable particulate absorbent polymer may be selected in consideration of this.

[0064] When included, the lower limit of the weight ratio of the absorbent polymer relative to 100 parts by weight of the solvent may be approximately 0.01 parts by weight, 0.5 parts by weight, 1 part by weight, 2 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight, 6 parts by weight, 7 parts by weight, 8 parts by weight, or 9 parts by weight, and the upper limit may be 50 parts by weight, 45 parts by weight, 40 parts by weight, 35 parts by weight, 30 parts by weight, 29 parts by weight, 28 parts by weight, 27 parts by weight, 26 parts by weight, 25 parts by weight, 24 parts by weight, 23 parts by weight, 22 parts by weight, 21 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight, 19 parts by weight, 18 parts by weight, 17 parts by weight, 16 parts by weight, 15 parts by weight, 14 parts by weight, 13 parts by weight, 12 parts by weight, 11 parts by weight, 10 parts by weight, 9 The ratio may be in parts by weight, 8 parts by weight, 7 parts by weight, 6 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight, or 2 parts by weight. The ratio may be within a range below or less than any of the upper limits described above; or within a range above or greater than any of the lower limits described above; or within a range above or greater than any of the lower limits described above and below or less than any of the upper limits described above.

[0065] The composition includes the above components and may include additional components if necessary.

[0066] For example, the composition may additionally include a freezing point regulator. As previously mentioned, for the composition to exhibit a fire extinguishing function, it is advantageous for the solvent, etc., to be in a liquid state at the time when the exothermic reaction, ignition, and / or explosion that needs to be controlled occurs. However, depending on the application, the environment in which the composition is placed may be at a temperature below the freezing point of the composition or solvent, and in such cases, it is highly likely that the composition will not exist in a liquid state. Therefore, in such cases, it is necessary to add an appropriate freezing point regulator to control the freezing point of the composition.

[0067] There are no specific restrictions on the types of freezing point regulators that can be applied in this process, and additives known to be able to control the freezing point of the solvent or composition through the so-called freezing point depression phenomenon may be used.

[0068] For example, alcohol may be used as the above freezing point regulator.

[0069] For example, the above alcohol may be an alcohol having a boiling point within a predetermined range. For example, the lower limit of the boiling point of the above alcohol may be approximately 150°C, 170°C, or 190°C, and the upper limit may be approximately 300°C, 280°C, 260°C, 240°C, 220°C, or 200°C. The above boiling point may be within a range lower than or less than any of the upper limits described above; or within a range greater than or greater than any of the lower limits described above; or within a range greater than or greater than any of the lower limits described above and lower than or less than any of the upper limits described above.

[0070] For example, as the above alcohol, an alcohol having a molar weight within a predetermined range may be used. For example, the lower limit of the molar weight of the above alcohol may be approximately 20 g / mol, 30 g / mol, 40 g / mol, 50 g / mol, 60 g / mol, 70 g / mol, 80 g / mol, or 90 g / mol, and the upper limit may be approximately 300 g / mol, 280 g / mol, 260 g / mol, 240 g / mol, 220 g / mol, 200 g / mol, 180 g / mol, 160 g / mol, 140 g / mol, 120 g / mol, 100 g / mol, 90 g / mol, 80 g / mol, or 70 g / mol. The above molar weight is within a range less than or equal to any one of the upper limits described above; Or within a range greater than or equal to any of the lower limits described above; or within a range greater than or equal to any of the lower limits described above and less than or equal to any of the upper limits described above.

[0071] There are no special restrictions on the types of alcohols that can be applied as described above, and polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol or glycerin may be applied, for example.

[0072] When applied, the alcohol may be present such that the concentration calculated based on the solvent falls within a predetermined range. The concentration is molal, and specifically, it can be obtained by dividing the number of moles of the alcohol applied to the composition by the weight of the solvent (unit: kg). In one example, the lower limit of the molal concentration may be 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, or 16, and the upper limit may be approximately 50, 48, 46, 44, 42, 40, 38, 36, 34, 32, 30, 28, 26, 24, 22, or 20. The molal concentration is within a range equal to or less than any of the upper limits described above; or within a range equal to or greater than any of the lower limits described above. Alternatively, it may be within a range greater than or equal to any of the lower limits described above, and less than or equal to any of the upper limits described above. However, the molal concentration may be adjusted considering the desired freezing point range.

[0073] The above-described composition can exhibit unique physical properties through the combination of the aforementioned components.

[0074] For example, the above composition may exhibit a generally controlled freezing point. For example, the lower limit of the freezing point of the above composition may be approximately -50°C, -45°C, -40°C, -35°C, -30°C, -25°C, -20°C, -15°C, or -10°C, and the upper limit may be approximately 10°C, 8°C, 6°C, 4°C, 2°C, 0°C, -5°C, -10°C, -15°C, -20°C, -25°C, -30°C, -35°C, or -40°C. The freezing point may be within a range lower than or less than any of the upper limits described above; or within a range greater than or greater than any of the lower limits described above; or within a range greater than or greater than any of the lower limits described above and lower than or less than any of the upper limits described above. These freezing points can be measured in the manner described in the examples.

[0075] The above composition may have a controlled viscosity and / or thixotropic index.

[0076] For example, the lower limit of the viscosity of the above composition may be approximately 30,000 cP, 40,000 cP, 50,000 cP, 60,000 cP, 70,000 cP, 80,000 cP, 90,000 cP, 100,000 cP, 110,000 cP, 120,000 cP, 130,000 cP, 140,000 cP, 150,000 cP, or 155,000 cP, and the upper limit may be approximately 600,000 cP, 550,000 cP, 500,000 cP, 450,000 cP, 400,000 cP, 350,000 cP, 300,000 cP, The viscosity may be approximately 250,000 cP, 200,000 cP, 150,000 cP, 100,000 cP, 90,000 cP, 80,000 cP, or 70,000 cP. The viscosity may be within a range below or less than any of the upper limits described above; or within a range above or greater than any of the lower limits described above; or within a range above or greater than any of the lower limits described above and below or less than any of the upper limits described above. This viscosity is a value measured at room temperature (about 25°C) and a rotational speed of 0.5 rpm, and the specific measurement method is described in the Examples section.

[0077] For example, the lower limit of the thixotropic index of the above composition may be approximately 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, or 10.5, and the upper limit may be approximately 20, 18, 16, 14, 12, 10, 8, or 6. The thixotropic index may be within a range lower than or less than any of the upper limits described above; or within a range greater than or greater than any of the lower limits described above; or within a range greater than or greater than any of the lower limits described above and lower than or less than any of the upper limits described above. This thixotropic index is a value obtained by dividing the viscosity measured at room temperature (about 25°C) and a rotational speed of 0.5 rpm by the viscosity measured at room temperature (about 25°C) and a rotational speed of 5 rpm, and the specific measurement method is described in the Examples section.

[0078] A composition having the above viscosity and / or thixotropic index can exhibit excellent handling properties and storage stability.

[0079] The above composition may exhibit a certain latent heat characteristic. Latent heat is typically defined as the amount of heat required for a substance to undergo a phase transition without a change in temperature. However, the latent heat of the above composition as described herein does not necessarily refer only to the characteristic resulting from the entire composition undergoing a phase transition. The said latent heat may be generated during the process of a phase transition of at least a part of the composition or a component included in the composition.

[0080] In this specification, the statement that the above composition exhibits latent heat means that the composition exhibits an endothermic peak in a Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) analysis conducted in the manner described in “5. Measurement of Latent Heat” of the Examples section of this specification. The phase transition process in which the above composition exhibits the said latent heat may be an isothermal process, but it does not necessarily have to be an isothermal process. By having an appropriate level of latent heat, the above composition can be applied to a heat-generating product to control the heat while maintaining the temperature of the product uniformly, and can minimize or prevent the impact of abnormal heat generation, explosion, and / or ignition occurring in one product on adjacent products.

[0081] The lower limit of the latent heat exhibited by the above composition may be, for example, approximately 500 J / g, 550 J / g, 600 J / g, 650 J / g, 700 J / g, 750 J / g, 800 J / g, 850 J / g, 900 J / g, 950 J / g, 1000 J / g, 1100 J / g, 1200 J / g, or 1300 J / g, and the upper limit may be approximately 5000 J / g, 4800 J / g, 4600 J / g, 4400 J / g, 4200 J / g, 4000 J / g, 3800 J / g, 3600 J / g, 3400 J / g, 3200 J / g, 3000 J / g, or 2800 The latent heat may be approximately J / g, 2600 J / g, 2400 J / g, 2200 J / g, 2000 J / g, 1800 J / g, 1600 J / g, 1400 J / g, 1200 J / g, 1000 J / g, or 900 J / g. The latent heat may be within a range greater than or equal to any of the lower limits described above; or within a range greater than or equal to any of the lower limits described above and less than or equal to any of the upper limits described above. The latent heat may be measured by the method described in “5. Measurement of latent heat” in the Examples section of this specification.

[0082] The lower limit of the range of on-set temperatures at which the above composition begins to exhibit the latent heat may be, for example, 50°C, 55°C, 60°C, 65°C, 70°C, 75°C, 80°C, 85°C, 90°C, or 95°C, and the upper limit may be 200°C, 180°C, 160°C, 140°C, 120°C, 100°C, 90°C, or 80°C. The above on-set temperature may be identified within a range that is less than or equal to any of the upper limits described above, and greater than or equal to any of the lower limits described above. The above on-set temperature refers to the temperature of the left on-set point of the endothermic peak section of the DSC analysis conducted according to the method described in “5. Measurement of latent heat” of the Examples section of this specification.

[0083] The lower limit of the temperature range representing the latent heat of the above composition may be, for example, 50°C, 55°C, 60°C, 65°C, 70°C, 75°C, 80°C, 85°C, 90°C, 95°C, 100°C, 110°C, 120°C, 130°C, 140°C, 150°C, 160°C, 170°C, or 180°C, and the upper limit may be 300°C, 280°C, 260°C, 240°C, 220°C, 200°C, 180°C, or 160°C. The above temperature range may be identified within a range that is less than or equal to any of the upper limits described above, and greater than or equal to any of the lower limits described above. The above temperature range is the value obtained by subtracting the temperature of the left on-set point from the temperature of the right on-set point of the endothermic peak range of the DSC analysis conducted according to the method described in “5. Measurement of latent heat” of the Examples section of this specification.

[0084] Through the above characteristics, the composition can be applied to various uses and effectively respond to heat generation, ignition, and / or explosion occurring in each use.

[0085] The freezing point, viscosity, thixotropic index, and latent heat properties of the above-described composition can be obtained through a combination of the components of each of the above-described compositions.

[0086] The above composition may additionally include various types of known additives, provided that the aforementioned physical properties are not compromised.

[0087] The present application also relates to a fire extinguishing pack manufactured using the above composition. The fire extinguishing pack may be manufactured by loading the above composition into a suitable case, taking into consideration the ease of storage or handling stability of the above composition.

[0088] Accordingly, the above-mentioned extinguishing pack may include a case; and the composition present within the case.

[0089] There are no special restrictions on the type of case used in the manufacture of the above-mentioned fire extinguishing pack, and any case capable of adequately accommodating the composition may be used. Since the composition contains volatile components such as solvents, in one example, a case having a so-called WVTR (Water Vapor Transmission Rate) within a predetermined range may be used as the above-mentioned case.

[0090] For example, the upper limit of the so-called WVTR (Water Vapor Transmission Rate) in the above case is 0.5 g / m² 2 ·day, 0.45 g / m 2 ·day, 0.4 g / m 2 ·day, 0.35 g / m 2 ·day, 0.3 g / m 2 ·day, 0.25 g / m 2 ·day, 0.2 g / m 2 ·day, 0.15 g / m 2 ·day or 0.1 g / m² 2 It can be around 1 / day, and the lower limit is 0 g / m² 2 ·day, 0.1 g / m 2 ·day, 0.2 g / m2 ·day, 0.3 g / m 2 ·day, 0.4 g / m 2 ·day or 0.5 g / m² 2 · It may be approximately one day. The above WVTR may be within a range below or less than any of the upper limits described above; or within a range above or greater than any of the lower limits described above, while being below or less than any of the upper limits described above. The above WVTR may be evaluated according to the method described in “10. Evaluation of WVTR (Water Vapor Transmission Rate)” of the Examples section of this specification.

[0091] Such a case can be manufactured using various known materials. For example, the case can be constructed using a suitable inorganic film and / or organic film, or by laminating them.

[0092] Examples of organic films that can be applied as described above include cellulose-based polymer films; COP (cyclo olefin copolymer) films; acrylic polymer films; polyolefin films; PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) films; PES (poly ether sulfone) films; PEEK (polyetherether ketone) films; PPS (polyphenylsulfone) films; PEI (polyetherimide) films; PEN (polyethylenemaphthatlate) films; polyester films; PI (polyimide) films; PSF (polysulfone) films and / or PAR (polyarylate) films.

[0093] Examples of inorganic films applicable as described above include metal films, metal oxide films, metal nitride films, or metal oxynitride films. For instance, a metal film, metal oxide film, metal nitride film, or metal oxynitride film comprising one or more selected from the group consisting of In, Sn, Pb, Au, Cu, Ag, Zr, Hf, Zn, Al, Si, La, Ti, and Ni may be used.

[0094] By selecting an appropriate type among these films and combining them if necessary, a case of the desired type can be provided.

[0095] The shape of the case or fire extinguishing pack described above is determined according to the intended use and is not particularly limited.

[0096] For example, as described below, if a fire extinguishing pack is to be applied to a battery module and is to be applied between a plurality of battery cells included in the module, the fire extinguishing pack can be manufactured by making the shape of the case the same or similar to that of the battery cell, and then inserted between the battery cells.

[0097] This specification also discloses electronic equipment or devices to which the above composition or fire extinguishing pack is applied.

[0098] The type of electronic equipment or device is not particularly limited. For example, the above composition or fire extinguishing pack may be applied to equipment or devices, etc., where there is a risk of abnormal heat generation, ignition, and / or explosion during operation, maintenance, and / or storage, and such abnormal phenomena must be controlled.

[0099] A representative example of the equipment or device described above is a battery. In particular, for a battery module composed of multiple battery cells, it is important to prevent abnormal heat generation, ignition, and / or explosion occurring in one battery cell from propagating to adjacent battery cells.

[0100] Accordingly, the present application may be for a battery module comprising the above composition or a fire extinguishing pack.

[0101] Such a battery module may basically include a plurality of battery cells; and the composition or fire extinguishing pack disposed between the battery cells.

[0102] As long as the above composition or fire extinguishing pack is applied, the specific configuration of the battery module, for example, the type of battery cell, etc., is not particularly limited, and known materials may be used. For example, known pouch-type, prismatic, or cylindrical battery cells may be used as the battery cell.

[0103] The method of manufacturing the above battery module is not particularly limited, and, for example, a method may be used in which a fire extinguishing pack, such as the form of a battery cell as described above, is manufactured and then the fire extinguishing pack is positioned at a necessary location during the manufacturing process of the battery module. Effects of the invention

[0104] This specification discloses a composition that can be applied to a product or element that may generate heat or have the potential for ignition or explosion during operation, storage, and / or maintenance, and can effectively respond to said heat, ignition, and explosion. For example, said composition can be applied to an article comprising a plurality of said product or element to respond to abnormal heat generation, explosion, and ignition occurring in any one of the elements or product, and to prevent or minimize the propagation of such heat generation, explosion, and ignition to adjacent elements or products. said composition also exhibits excellent handling and storage stability. This specification may also provide uses for said composition. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0105] The composition disclosed herein will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples and comparative examples, but the scope of the composition is not limited by the following examples.

[0107] 1. Convection test

[0108] A composition was loaded onto an aluminum dish with a bottom thickness of approximately 0.2 mm. The loading was done so that the thickness of the composition was approximately 3 mm. The aluminum dish was placed on a temperature sensor (k-type thermocoupler), and a flame was applied vertically toward the composition at a height of approximately 1 inch away from the composition loaded on the dish. The flame was applied using butane gas and a torch. The temperature was measured with the temperature sensor while the flame was applied for approximately 3 minutes, and evaluated according to the following criteria.

[0109] <Evaluation Criteria>

[0110] PASS: When the temperature measured by the temperature sensor is maintained below 200℃

[0111] NG: If a temperature of 200℃ or higher is measured by the temperature sensor, or if melting of the aluminum plate is observed.

[0113] 2. Whether carbides (porous carbides, foam) are formed

[0114] After the above convection test, the location where the composition was loaded was observed and evaluated according to the following criteria.

[0115] <Evaluation Criteria>

[0116] PASS: When there is no damage to the aluminum plate and carbides are identified at the location of the composition

[0117] NG: If damage occurs to the aluminum plate or if carbides are not detected

[0119] 3. Chain Ignition Test

[0120] Rectangular batteries were arranged side by side at a spacing of approximately 3 mm, and a pack containing a composition (fire extinguishing pack) was placed between them. CATL products (120 Ah, 3.2 V, size = thickness × width × depth = 48 × 174 × 165) were used as the rectangular batteries, and the test was conducted in a 100% charged state. In the above arrangement, battery ignition was induced in one rectangular battery according to the SAE J2464:2009 standard, and the occurrence of chain ignition in other cells was checked. Ignition of the battery was induced by penetrating the rectangular battery with a nail with a diameter of approximately 5 mm at a speed of 25 mm / sec (Nail Penetration method).

[0121] <Evaluation Criteria>

[0122] PASS: Cases where ignition does not occur in battery cells other than the one penetrated by the nail

[0123] NG: Cases where ignition occurs in battery cells other than the one penetrated by the nail

[0125] 4. Storage Stability Evaluation

[0126] A fire extinguishing pack was stored in an oven at a temperature of approximately 35°C for 1,000 hours, and the weight change before and after storage in the oven was measured. If the weight change before and after storage was 1% or more, it was evaluated as NG, and if it was less than 1% or there was no weight change, it was evaluated as PASS.

[0128] 5. Measurement of latent heat

[0129] Latent heat was evaluated in the following manner. Approximately 4 mg of the composition of the example or comparative example was taken and loaded into a measuring device. A Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) (TA instrument, Q200 model) was used as the measuring device. The temperature range for evaluating latent heat was set from 25°C to 300°C. The endothermic peak was measured while increasing the temperature from 25°C to 300°C at a rate of approximately 10°C / min. The left on-set point and the right on-set point of the endothermic peak range were designated as the start and end of the endothermic heat, and the latent heat (unit: J / g) was calculated by integrating the corresponding range.

[0131] 6.CRC(Centrifuge Retention Capacity)

[0132] CRC was measured according to EDANA WSP 241.3. Approximately 0.2 g (W0) of absorbent polymer was placed in a nonwoven bag, sealed, and then immersed in physiological saline at room temperature. An aqueous NaCl solution with a concentration of 0.9 wt% was used as the physiological saline. The condition was maintained for about 30 minutes, and after removing moisture from the bag for 3 minutes at 250 G using a centrifuge, the mass (g, W2) of the bag was measured.

[0133] The same operation was performed on the same nonwoven fabric bag that does not contain an absorbent polymer, and the mass (g, W1) was measured.

[0134] The measurement results were substituted into Equation A below to calculate the CRC(g / g).

[0135] The above evaluation was conducted under constant temperature and humidity conditions (23±1℃, relative humidity: 50±10%).

[0136] [Equation A]

[0137] CRC (g / g) = {[W2(g) - W1(g)] / W0(g)} - 1

[0139] 7. Absorption Under Pressure (AUP)

[0140] AUP was measured according to the EDANA method WSP 242.3. A stainless steel 400 mesh wire mesh was mounted on the bottom of a plastic cylinder with an inner diameter of approximately 60 mm, and 0.0 g (W0) (0.90 g) of absorbent polymer was uniformly spread over the wire mesh. Then, a piston capable of uniformly applying a load of 0.3 psi was installed on top of it. The piston was installed with an outer diameter slightly smaller than 60 mm, with no gap between it and the inner wall of the cylinder, and was installed to be able to move up and down. The weight (g, W3) of the device was measured.

[0141] A glass filter with a diameter of 90 mm and a thickness of 5 mm was placed on the inside of a petroleum dish with a diameter of 150 mm, and physiological saline solution was added to the same level as the top surface of the glass filter. An aqueous NaCl solution with a concentration of 0.9 wt% was used as the physiological saline solution. A sheet of filter paper with a diameter of 90 mm was placed on top of it. The measuring device was placed on the filter paper, and the physiological saline solution was absorbed for 1 hour under a load of 0.3 psi. Afterward, the measuring device was lifted, and its weight (g, W4) was measured.

[0142] The obtained value was substituted into Equation B below to evaluate AUP(g / g).

[0143] The above evaluation was conducted under constant temperature and humidity conditions (23±1℃, relative humidity: 50±10%).

[0144] [Equation B]

[0145] AUP(g / g) = [W4(g) - W3(g)] / W0(g)

[0147] 8. Measurement of molecular weight

[0148] The molecular weight of starch was evaluated in the following manner.

[0149] (1) Preparation of the mobile phase

[0150] Mobile phase A was prepared by filtering 1000 mL of a 150 mM NaNO3 aqueous solution containing 0.02 wt% NaN3 using a solvent clarification system (Millipore Millisolve Kit, MilliporeSigma).

[0151] (2) Preparation of sample solution

[0152] 25 mg of the sample to be measured for molecular weight was mixed with 5 mL of a 150 mM aqueous solution of NaNO3 containing 0.02 wt% NaN3, heated at 80°C for 20 hours, and then filtered through a 0.4 μm Nylon Syringe Filter to prepare a sample solution.

[0153] (3) GPC (Gel Permeation Chromatography) / MALS (Multi-Anglue Light Scattering Detection) conditions

[0154] The molecular weight was evaluated using the above sample solution and mobile phase A in the following manner.

[0155] Measuring instrument: Agilent GPC (Agilent 1200 series, US)

[0156] Stationary phase: Shodex OH-Pak 804 column and Shodex OH-Pak 80 column connection

[0157] Mobile phase: A; 0.02% NaN3, 150 mM NaNO3 aqueous solution = 100(v / v %)

[0158] Flow rate: 0.4 mL / min

[0159] Stationary bed temperature: 25℃

[0160] Injection volume: 100 μl (0.45 μm filtered)

[0161] Analysis time: 120 minutes

[0163] 9. Measurement of Amylopectin and Amylose Content

[0164] The amylopectin and amylose content of starch was evaluated according to the method described in the paper (Potato Research 31 (1988) 241-246).

[0165] First, about 5 mg of the sample starch was dissolved in about 1 mL of sterile water to prepare the sample (Step 1), and heated in a water bath at 95°C for about 15 minutes (Step 2).

[0166] Next, about 20 μl of the above sample was placed in a cuvette (step 3), about 980 μl of iodine solution was added, and mixed (step 4).

[0167] Next, the absorbance of the sample mixed with the iodine solution at wavelengths of 525 nm and 700 nm was measured and recorded (Step 5). The absorbance was measured using the OPTIZEN POP model from KLAB.

[0168] About 20 μl of water was placed in another cuvette, 980 μl of iodine solution was added, and mixed (Step 6). For the solution from Step 6, the absorbance at wavelengths of 525 nm and 700 nm was measured and recorded, respectively, in the same manner as in Step 5 (Step 7).

[0169] The absorbance obtained in Step 7 was subtracted from the absorbance obtained in Step 5, and the ratio (%) of amylose was determined according to the following formula C (Step 8).

[0170] [Equation C]

[0171]

[0172] In Equation C, PA is the percentage (%) of amylose, OD700 is the value obtained by subtracting the absorbance at a wavelength of 700 nm measured in Step 7 from the absorbance at a wavelength of 700 nm measured in Step 5, and OD525 is the value obtained by subtracting the absorbance at a wavelength of 525 nm measured in Step 7 from the absorbance at a wavelength of 525 nm measured in Step 5.

[0174] 10. WVTR (Water Vapor Transmission Rate) Evaluation

[0175] The Water Vapor Transmission Rate (WVTR) of the outer shell of the fire extinguishing pack case was evaluated according to ASTM F1249 under conditions of 38°C and 100% relative humidity.

[0177] 11. Solubility Evaluation

[0178] The solubility of the substance was evaluated according to ASTM E1148-02 standards. Solubility was confirmed by evaluating the maximum amount dissolved in 100 g of water at room temperature (approx. 25℃) according to the above standards.

[0180] 12. Evaluation of Gelatinization Viscosity

[0181] The gelatinization viscosity of starch was evaluated using an Amylograph-E (brabender) instrument. Approximately 58 g of starch was dissolved in 450 mL of distilled water. The temperature of the distilled water containing the dissolved starch was increased from 35°C to 95°C at a rate of 1.5°C / min, maintained at 95°C for 15 minutes, and then lowered from 95°C to 50°C at a rate of 1.5°C / min. During this process, the peak appearing as the swelling structure of the starch collapsed was identified, and the viscosity value of the peak was defined as the gelatinization viscosity of the starch.

[0183] 13. Weight-based size distribution of absorbent polymers

[0184] The weight-based size distribution of the absorbent polymer was measured according to EDANA WSP 220.3. The weight-based size distribution was obtained using stainless steel sieves (diameter: approximately 200 mm) with hole sizes of 150 μm, 300 μm, 600 μm, and 850 μm, respectively, according to the above standard. Samples of the absorbent polymer were fractionated based on particle size using the above standard and the above sieves, and the weight of each fractionated particle was expressed as a percentage. Specifically, the sample was divided into fractions with a size of less than 150 μm, fractions within the range of 150 to 300 μm, fractions within the range of 300 to 600 μm, fractions within the range of 600 to 850 μm, and fractions greater than 850 μm, and the weight of each fraction was measured to determine the percentage relative to the weight of the total sample.

[0186] Example 1.

[0187] Preparation of a fire extinguishing composition

[0188] A mixture was prepared by mixing water (tap water) (W), melamine (M), ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (N) (NH4H2PO4), and starch (S) in a weight ratio of 78:6:9.5:4 (W:M:N:S). The mixing was performed for about 60 minutes at room temperature (about 25°C) under mixing conditions of 300 rpm. Corn starch was used as the starch. The weight-average molecular weight of the starch was about 51,000,000 g / mol, the weight ratio of amylose to amylopectin (amylose:amylopectin) was about 25:75, and the gelatinization viscosity was about 260 BU (Brabeder unit). The solubility of the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (N) (NH4H2PO4) in water at 25°C was about 29 g.

[0189] Subsequently, an absorbent polymer (SAP) was additionally mixed into the above mixture to prepare a composition. The mixing of the absorbent polymer was performed by mixing the above mixture and the absorbent polymer, and mixing for about 2 hours at room temperature (about 25°C) under mixing conditions of 500 rpm.

[0190] The above mixing was performed such that the weight ratio (water:SAP) of the water and the absorbent polymer (SAP) in the mixture was approximately 78:2.5. LG Chem's GS-803ND product was used as the absorbent polymer. The Centrifuge Retention Capacity (CRC) of the absorbent polymer was approximately 33.5 g / g, and the Absorption Under Pressure (AUP) was approximately 28.1 g / g. In addition, in the weight-based size distribution above, the proportion of the fraction with a size of less than 150 μm was 1.5 wt%, the proportion of the fraction within the range of 150 to 300 μm was 20.5 wt%, the proportion of the fraction within the range of 300 to 600 μm was 74.6 wt%, the proportion of the fraction within the range of 600 to 850 μm was 3.4 wt%, and the proportion of the fraction exceeding 850 μm was 0 wt%. Therefore, in the weight-based size distribution of the absorbent polymer, the maximum weight size is 300 μm to 600 μm, and the weight proportion of the absorbent polymer belonging to the maximum weight size is 74.6 wt%.

[0192] Manufacture of digestive packs

[0193] A fire extinguishing pack was manufactured by introducing the above-prepared composition into a case. The case was manufactured in the form of an envelope using an outer shell in which a PET (poly(ethylene terephthalate)) film (thickness: approximately 10 μm), a PVDC (poly(vinylidene chloride)) film (thickness: approximately 40 μm), and a PP (polypropylene) film (thickness: approximately 50 μm) were laminated in the aforementioned order. The outer shell was manufactured by laminating the PET film onto one side of the PVDC film using an adhesive, and laminating the PP film onto the other side at a temperature of approximately 200°C. A hot-melt type film was used as the PP film. The WVTR of the outer shell was approximately 0.11 g / m² 2 It was approximately 1 day. A case was manufactured using the above outer shell. At this time, the case was manufactured in the form of an envelope, specifically in the form of a pouch of a pouch-type battery cell. The above-manufactured composition was placed inside the case, and the case was sealed to manufacture a fire extinguishing pack.

[0195] Example 2.

[0196] Preparation of a composition

[0197] A mixture was prepared by mixing water (tap water) (W), melamine (M), dihydrogen phosphate (N) (NH4H2PO4) (N), ammonium polyphosphate (Shifang Taifeng New Flame Retardant Co. Ltd) (A), and starch (S) in a weight ratio of 74:4.5:10:4:4.5 (W:M:N:A:S). The ammonium polyphosphate has a solubility of approximately 40 g in water at 25°C. The same melamine, dihydrogen phosphate, and starch as in Example 1 were used. The mixing was performed for approximately 60 minutes at room temperature (about 25°C) under a mixing condition of 300 rpm. The starch used in Example 1 was used. Subsequently, an absorbent polymer (SAP) was additionally mixed into the mixture to prepare a composition. The mixing of the absorbent polymer was performed by mixing the mixture and the absorbent polymer and mixing for about 2 hours at room temperature (about 25°C) under mixing conditions of 500 rpm. The mixing was performed so that the weight ratio (water:SAP) of the water in the mixture and the absorbent polymer (SAP) was about 74:3, and the same absorbent polymer used in Example 1 was applied as the absorbent polymer.

[0199] Manufacture of digestive packs

[0200] A fire extinguishing pack was manufactured by introducing the above composition into a case. The case was manufactured in the form of Example 1 using an outer shell in which a PET (poly(ethylene terephthalate)) film (thickness: approximately 10 μm), aluminum foil (thickness: approximately 20 μm), and a PP (polypropylene) film (thickness: approximately 70 μm) were laminated in the aforementioned order. The outer shell was manufactured by laminating the PET film onto one side of the aluminum foil with an adhesive and laminating the PP film onto the other side at a temperature of approximately 200°C. The WVTR of the outer shell was approximately 0 g / m² 2It was approximately 1 day. A case was manufactured using the above outer shell. The above-manufactured composition was placed inside the case, and the case was sealed to manufacture a fire extinguishing pack.

[0202] Example 3.

[0203] Preparation of a composition

[0204] A mixture was prepared by mixing water (tap water) (W), urea (U), ammonium phosphate (N) (NH4H2PO4), and starch (S) in a weight ratio of 69:8.5:13:6 (W:U:N:S). The mixing was performed for about 60 minutes at room temperature (approx. 25°C) under a mixing condition of 300 rpm. The same materials as in Example 1 were used for the ammonium phosphate and starch. Subsequently, an absorbent polymer (SAP) was additionally mixed into the mixture to prepare a composition. The mixing of the absorbent polymer was performed by mixing the mixture and the absorbent polymer, and mixing for about 2 hours at room temperature (approx. 25°C) under a mixing condition of 500 rpm. The above mixing was performed such that the weight ratio (water:SAP) of the water and the absorbent polymer (SAP) of the mixture was approximately 69:3.5, and the same absorbent polymer used in Example 1 was applied as the absorbent polymer.

[0206] Manufacture of digestive packs

[0207] A fire extinguishing pack was manufactured by introducing the above composition into a case. The case was manufactured in the form of Example 1 using an outer shell in which a PET (poly(ethylene terephthalate)) film (thickness: approximately 10 μm), an EVOH (ethylene vinyl alcohol) film (thickness: approximately 40 μm), and a PE (polyethylene) film (thickness: approximately 50 μm) were laminated in the above order. The outer shell was manufactured by laminating the PET film onto one side of the EVOH film with an adhesive and laminating the PE film (hot-melt type film) onto the other side at a temperature of approximately 200°C. The WVTR of the outer shell was approximately 0.27 g / m² 2 It was approximately one day. The above-prepared composition was placed inside the above-prepared case, and the case was sealed to manufacture a fire extinguishing pack.

[0209] Comparative Example 1.

[0210] Preparation of a composition

[0211] A composition was prepared by mixing water (tap water) (W) and an absorbent polymer (SAP) (P) in a weight ratio of 97:3 (W:P). The mixing was performed for about 60 minutes at room temperature (about 25°C) under mixing conditions of 300 rpm. The same absorbent polymer used in Example 1 was used as the absorbent polymer.

[0213] Manufacture of digestive packs

[0214] A fire extinguishing pack was manufactured by introducing the above composition into the case applied in Example 2.

[0216] Comparative Example 2.

[0217] Preparation of a composition

[0218] A mixture was prepared by mixing water (tap water) (W), melamine (M), and dihydrogen phosphate (N) (NH4H2PO4) in a weight ratio of 78:5:14 (W:M:N). The mixing was performed for about 60 minutes at room temperature (approx. 25°C) under a mixing condition of 300 rpm. The same materials as in Example 1 were used for the melamine and dihydrogen phosphate. Subsequently, an absorbent polymer (SAP) was additionally mixed into the mixture to prepare a composition. The mixing of the absorbent polymer was performed by mixing the mixture and the absorbent polymer, and mixing for about 2 hours at room temperature (approx. 25°C) under a mixing condition of 500 rpm. The mixing was performed so that the weight ratio of water to absorbent polymer (SAP) in the mixture (water:SAP) was approximately 78:3, and the same absorbent polymer used in Example 1 was applied as the absorbent polymer.

[0220] Manufacture of digestive packs

[0221] A fire extinguishing pack was manufactured by introducing the above composition into the case applied in Example 1.

[0223] Comparative Example 3.

[0224] Preparation of a composition

[0225] A mixture was prepared by mixing water (tap water) (W), melamine (M), and starch (S) in a weight ratio of 86.5:5.5:5. The mixing was performed for about 60 minutes at room temperature (approx. 25°C) under a mixing condition of 300 rpm. The same materials as in Example 1 were used for the melamine and starch. Subsequently, an absorbent polymer (SAP) was additionally mixed into the mixture to prepare a composition. The mixing of the absorbent polymer was performed by mixing the mixture and the absorbent polymer, and mixing for about 2 hours at room temperature (approx. 25°C) under a mixing condition of 500 rpm. The mixing was performed so that the weight ratio of water to absorbent polymer (SAP) in the mixture (water:SAP) was approximately 86.5:2.7, and the same absorbent polymer used in Example 1 was applied as the absorbent polymer.

[0227] Manufacture of digestive packs

[0228] A fire extinguishing pack was manufactured by introducing the above composition into the case applied in Example 3.

[0230] Comparative Example 4.

[0231] Preparation of a composition

[0232] A mixture was prepared by mixing water (tap water) (W), melamine (M), ammonium polyphosphate (Shifang Taifeng New Flame Retardant Co. Ltd) (A), and starch (S) in a weight ratio of 88.4:0.95:4.9:0.95 (W:M:A:S). The mixing was performed for about 10 minutes at room temperature (approx. 25°C) under mixing conditions of 500 rpm, and the same components as in Example 2 were used for the melamine, starch, and ammonium polyphosphate. Subsequently, an absorbent polymer (SAP) was additionally mixed into the mixture to prepare a composition. The mixing of the absorbent polymer was performed by mixing the mixture and the absorbent polymer, and mixing for about 2 hours at room temperature (approx. 25°C) under mixing conditions of 500 rpm. The above mixing was performed such that the weight ratio (water:SAP) of the water and the absorbent polymer (SAP) of the mixture was approximately 88.4:4.8, and the same absorbent polymer used in Example 1 was applied as the absorbent polymer.

[0234] Manufacture of digestive packs

[0235] A fire extinguishing pack was manufactured by introducing the above composition into the case applied in Example 2.

[0237] Comparative Example 5.

[0238] Preparation of a composition

[0239] A mixture was prepared by mixing water (tap water) (W), melamine (M), dihydrogen phosphate (N) (NH4H2PO4), and starch (S) in a weight ratio of 45:11.3:30.9:11.3 (W:M:N:S). The mixing was performed for about 10 minutes at room temperature (approx. 25°C) under a mixing condition of 500 rpm. The same materials as in Example 1 were used for the starch, melamine, and dihydrogen phosphate (N) (NH4H2PO4). Subsequently, an absorbent polymer (SAP) was additionally mixed into the mixture to prepare a composition. The mixing of the absorbent polymer was performed by mixing the mixture and the absorbent polymer, and mixing for about 2 hours at room temperature (approx. 25°C) under a mixing condition of 500 rpm. The above mixing was performed such that the weight ratio (water:SAP) of the water and the absorbent polymer (SAP) of the mixture was approximately 45:1.5, and the same absorbent polymer used in Example 1 was applied as the absorbent polymer.

[0241] Manufacture of digestive packs

[0242] A fire extinguishing pack was manufactured by introducing the above composition into a case. The case was manufactured using an outer shell in which a PVC (poly(vinyl chloride)) film (thickness: approximately 30 μm) and a PP (polypropylene) film (thickness: approximately 70 μm) were laminated in the aforementioned order. The outer shell was manufactured by laminating the PP film onto one side of the PVC film at a temperature of approximately 200°C. The WVTR of the outer shell was approximately 7.5 g / m² 2 It was approximately 1 day. A case was manufactured using the above outer shell. At this time, the case was manufactured in the shape of a case for a prismatic battery cell (thickness approximately 3 mm). The above-manufactured composition was placed inside the case, and the case was sealed to manufacture a fire extinguishing pack.

[0244] Comparative Example 6.

[0245] Preparation of a composition

[0246] A mixture was prepared by mixing water (tap water) (W), melamine (M), magnesium carbonate (C), and starch (S) in a weight ratio of 78:6:9.5:25 (W:M:C:S). The mixing was performed for about 10 minutes at room temperature (approx. 25°C) under a mixing condition of 500 rpm. The same materials as in Example 1 were used for the melamine and starch. The magnesium carbonate had a solubility of approximately 0.014 g in water at 25°C. Subsequently, an absorbent polymer (SAP) was additionally mixed into the mixture to prepare a composition. The mixing of the absorbent polymer was performed by mixing the mixture and the absorbent polymer, and mixing for about 2 hours at room temperature (approx. 25°C) under a mixing condition of 500 rpm. The above mixing was performed such that the weight ratio (water:SAP) of the water and the absorbent polymer (SAP) of the mixture was approximately 78:2.5, and the same absorbent polymer used in Example 1 was applied as the absorbent polymer.

[0248] Manufacture of digestive packs

[0249] A digestive pack was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 using the above composition.

[0251] Comparative Example 7.

[0252] Preparation of a composition

[0253] A mixture was prepared by mixing water (tap water) (W), melamine (M), potassium carbonate (C), and starch (S) in a weight ratio of 78:6:9.5:4 (W:M:C:S). The mixing was performed for about 10 minutes at room temperature (approx. 25°C) under a mixing condition of 500 rpm. The same materials as in Example 1 were used for the melamine and starch. Subsequently, an absorbent polymer (SAP) was additionally mixed into the mixture to prepare a composition. The mixing of the absorbent polymer was performed by mixing the mixture and the absorbent polymer, and mixing for about 2 hours at room temperature (approx. 25°C) under a mixing condition of 500 rpm. The mixing was performed so that the weight ratio of water to the absorbent polymer (SAP) in the mixture (water:SAP) was approximately 78:2.5, and the same absorbent polymer used in Example 1 was applied as the absorbent polymer.

[0255] Manufacture of digestive packs

[0256] A digestive pack was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 using the above composition.

[0258] Comparative Example 8.

[0259] Preparation of a composition

[0260] A mixture was prepared by mixing a silicone binder (B) (Sylgard 184), melamine (M), diammonium phosphate (N) (NH4H2PO4), and starch (S) in a weight ratio of 78:6:9.5:4 (B:M:N:S). The mixing was performed for about 10 minutes at room temperature (approx. 25°C) under a mixing condition of 500 rpm. The same materials as in Example 1 were used for the melamine, diammonium phosphate, and starch. Subsequently, an absorbent polymer (SAP) was additionally mixed into the mixture to prepare a composition. The mixing of the absorbent polymer was performed by mixing the mixture and the absorbent polymer, and mixing for about 2 hours at room temperature (approx. 25°C) under a mixing condition of 500 rpm. The above mixing was performed such that the weight ratio (B:SAP) of the silicone binder (B) and the absorbent polymer (SAP) of the mixture was approximately 78:2.5, and the same absorbent polymer used in Example 1 was applied as the absorbent polymer.

[0262] Manufacture of digestive packs

[0263] A digestive pack was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 using the above composition.

[0265] The evaluation results for the compositions and fire extinguishing packs of the examples and comparative examples are summarized in Tables 1 and 2 below. In Tables 1 and 2 below, the Convection test temperature is the temperature measured by a temperature sensor after applying a flame for 3 minutes in the “1. Convection Test” above, and the unit is °C. In the case of Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 8, the temperature was not measured because melting of the aluminum plate was observed within 3 minutes.

[0266] Examples 1 2 3 Latent heat (J / g) 1320 1258 1170 Convection test PASS PASS PASS Convection test temperature 175 192 185 Whether carbides are formed PASS PASS PASS chain ignition test PASS PASS PASS Storage stability PASS PASS PASS

[0267] Comparative example 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Latent heat (J / g) 1690 1326 1470 1503 780 1070 1320 0 Convection test NG NG NG NG NG NG NG NG Convection test temperature - - 295 315 272 340 310 - Whether carbides are formed NG NG NG NG PASS NG NG NG chain ignition test NG NG NG NG NG NG NG NG Storage stability PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS

Claims

Claim 1 A composition comprising a solvent; a carbonization catalyst generating agent having a solubility of 5 g or more per 100 g of water at 25°C; a gas generating substance that generates nitrogen gas; and a carbonizable organic material having a gelatinization viscosity of 150 BU or more, and exhibiting a latent heat of 800 J / g or more. Claim 2 In claim 1, the solvent is a composition having a freezing point of -5°C or higher. Claim 3 A composition according to claim 1, wherein the solvent is water. Claim 4 A composition according to claim 1, comprising 50 to 95 weight% of a solvent. Claim 5 A composition according to claim 1, wherein the carbonization catalyst producing agent is phosphoric acid, phosphate, phosphonate compound, or phosphate compound. Claim 6 A composition according to claim 1, comprising 0.5 to 65 parts by weight of a carbonization catalyst generating agent per 100 parts by weight of solvent. Claim 7 delete Claim 8 A composition according to claim 1, wherein the carbonizable organic material is a polysaccharide, a polyhydric alcohol, cellulose, lignin, BSPPO (bi(4-methoxy-1-phospha-2,6,7-trioxabicyclo[2.2.2]-octan-1-sulfide)phenylphosphate), a carbonizable polymer, or a melamine compound. Claim 9 In claim 1, the carbonizable organic material is a composition comprising starch containing amylose and amylopectin. Claim 10 In claim 9, the starch is a composition comprising 150 to 900 parts by weight of amylopectin per 100 parts by weight of amylose. Claim 11 A composition according to claim 1, comprising 0.01 to 50 parts by weight of a carbonizable organic material per 100 parts by weight of solvent. Claim 12 delete Claim 13 In claim 1, the gas-generating substance is a composition comprising one or more selected from the group consisting of melamine, guanidine, urea, melamine pyrophosphate, dicyandiamide, guanyleurea phosphate, and glycine. Claim 14 A composition according to claim 1, comprising 0.01 to 50 parts by weight of a gas generating material per 100 parts by weight of solvent. Claim 15 A case; and a fire extinguishing pack comprising any one of the compositions of claims 1 to 6, 8 to 11, 13 and 14 present in the case. Claim 16 A battery module comprising a plurality of battery cells; and a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, 8 to 11, 13 and 14 disposed between the battery cells. Claim 17 A battery module comprising a plurality of battery cells; and a fire extinguishing pack of claim 15 disposed between the battery cells.

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