Fuel composition and method for manufacturing the same

Abstract

A fuel composition and a method for manufacturing the same are disclosed. A method for manufacturing a fuel composition according to one embodiment may include: a contact step of adding a first additive to an organic raw material containing moisture and bringing it into contact with the organic raw material; an addition step of introducing a second additive into a mixture formed in the contact step after the organic raw material and the first additive have come into contact; and a maintenance step of maintaining the state in which the mixture and the second additive have come into contact for a predetermined time.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a fuel composition for combustion and a method for manufacturing the fuel composition. Background Technology

[0002] Organic raw materials such as sewage sludge and waste wood are generated in large quantities, but if they are stockpiled for a long period without a proper resource recovery process or disposed of in an improper manner, there is a risk of decay, foul odors, leachate generation, and secondary pollution.

[0003] While these organic raw materials can be recycled as fuel rather than discarded, various problems may arise during storage, transportation, and combustion processes. For example, when woody raw materials are stored for extended periods, microbial reactions or chemical oxidation may occur within or on the surface of the materials due to various factors, such as moisture ingress from the outside, condensation, and contact with air. During this process, heat may accumulate within the organic raw materials, potentially leading to gas generation or spontaneous combustion. Furthermore, if the woody raw materials exist in the form of powder or fine particles, the risk of dust explosions must also be considered.

[0004] Due to the nature of sewage sludge containing organic matter, decomposition or decay may occur during storage, which can generate gas or cause the internal temperature of the storage space to rise. Since sewage sludge may contain moisture, organic matter, and fine particles, there is a risk of fires occurring in the form of heat generation or smoldering depending on storage conditions, ventilation conditions, and loading status. Because such fires may persist due to the possibility of internal heat sources, they are difficult to extinguish easily, and a significant portion of the stored fuel may be discarded.

[0005] Sewage sludge can generate odors during storage and transport processes, and depending on the particle or surface condition, it may adhere to or aggregate on the inner walls of equipment, transport components, etc. Such adhesion or aggregation can cause equipment clogging or wear, or impair fuel handling performance, thereby hindering stable fuel operation.

[0006] As alkaline components contained in organic fuels are released during combustion, there is a risk of slagging or fouling occurring inside the boiler. Slagging and fouling can impair the operational stability of combustion equipment and increase the maintenance burden.

[0007] Therefore, when utilizing organic raw materials as fuel, there is a need to develop new technologies that can reduce self-heating, gas generation, and fire risks during storage, while ensuring the safety of fuel transportation and handling, and mitigating additional problems that may occur during combustion. The problem to be solved

[0008] The technical concept of the present disclosure is intended to solve the aforementioned problems and aims to provide a technology capable of reducing the risk of fire that may occur during the process of storing organic raw materials as fuel.

[0009] Another objective of the technical concept of the present disclosure is to provide a technology capable of improving the storage stability of organic raw materials.

[0010] Another objective of the technical concept of the present disclosure is to provide a technology that can improve the transportability and handling of fuel by suppressing fuel agglomeration or clumping.

[0011] Another objective of the technical concept of the present disclosure is to provide a technology capable of improving the reduction in the calorific value of the fuel while suppressing the temperature rise during the fuel storage period.

[0012] Another objective of the technical concept of the present disclosure is to provide a technology capable of improving thermal imbalance, slagging, fouling, and corrosion problems inside a boiler that may occur when fuel produced from organic raw materials is burned.

[0013] Another objective of the technical concept of the present disclosure is to provide a technology capable of recycling organic raw materials into fuel compositions.

[0014] The problems that this disclosure aims to solve are not limited to the problems described above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure belongs from the following description. means of solving the problem

[0015] To achieve this purpose, as one form of the present disclosure, a method for manufacturing a fuel composition may comprise: a contact step of adding a first additive to an organic raw material containing moisture and bringing it into contact with said organic raw material; an addition step of adding a second additive to a mixture formed in the contact step after the organic raw material and said first additive have come into contact; and a maintenance step of maintaining the state in which the mixture and said second additive have come into contact for a predetermined time.

[0016] In one form, the first additive comprises aluminum sulfate, and the second additive may comprise zeolite.

[0017] In one form, the organic raw material may include one selected from the group consisting of sewage sludge, woody biomass, and combinations thereof.

[0018] A method for manufacturing a fuel composition according to one form may further include a waiting step between the contact step and the input step, wherein the first additive is in contact with the organic raw material for a predetermined time.

[0019] The fuel composition according to the form may be manufactured by the aforementioned manufacturing method.

[0020] The means for solving the problem described above are merely exemplary and should not be interpreted as intended to limit the present disclosure. In addition to the exemplary embodiments described above, additional embodiments may exist as described in the drawings and the detailed description of the present disclosure. Effects of the invention

[0021] As described above, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure, by first contacting the first additive with the organic raw material, then adding the second additive and maintaining this for a predetermined time, the temperature rise during storage of the fuel composition can be suppressed.

[0022] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the occurrence or progression of self-heating can be mitigated by suppressing the temperature rise as described above, and can contribute to reducing the possibility of spontaneous combustion occurring during the fuel storage period.

[0023] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, excessive aggregation or clumping of the mixture can be suppressed, thereby improving flowability and transportability during the fuel transfer process using compressed air, and contributing to preventing equipment failure by reducing adhesion, clogging, or wear inside the equipment.

[0024] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, by setting the content of the first additive and the second additive to an appropriate range, storage stability can be ensured while suppressing the decrease in the calorific value of the fuel.

[0025] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a second additive can react with alkaline components contained in the organic raw material to transform into a high-melting-point material. In various embodiments of the present disclosure, by effectively controlling the alkaline components released from the organic raw material during combustion, thermal imbalance, slagging, fouling phenomena, and corrosion problems that may occur during the combustion process of the organic raw material can be improved.

[0026] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, organic raw materials such as sewage sludge or waste wood can be stably processed and converted into a fuel composition, thereby contributing to the recycling of organic raw materials subject to disposal.

[0027] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, by improving the storage stability and handling of organic raw materials, it is possible to contribute to reducing concerns regarding the accumulation, decay, odor generation, and secondary pollution of waste, and to alleviate the burden of waste disposal.

[0028] The effects of the present disclosure are not limited to those mentioned above, and other unmentioned effects will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description in the claims. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0029] FIG. 1 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a method for manufacturing a fuel composition according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0030] Preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, provided that technical details that are already well known are omitted or compressed for the sake of brevity.

[0031] It should be noted that references to “one” or “one” embodiment of the present disclosure in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but mean at least one.

[0032] In the following embodiments, terms such as first, second, etc. are used not in a limiting sense, but for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another component.

[0033] In the following examples, singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates a different meaning.

[0034] In the following examples, terms such as "include" or "have" mean that the features or components described in the specification are present, and do not preclude the possibility that one or more other features or components may be added.

[0035] In the following embodiments, when a part such as a film, region, or component is described as being on or above another part, it includes not only cases where it is directly on top of another part, but also cases where another film, region, or component is interposed in between.

[0036] Throughout this specification, the term "about" used before a number is used to mean at or near that number when inherent manufacturing and material tolerances are presented in the stated meaning, and is used to prevent unscrupulous infringers from unfairly exploiting the disclosure in which precise or absolute numbers are mentioned to aid in understanding this invention.

[0037] Where an embodiment can be implemented differently, a specific process sequence may be performed differently from the order described. For example, two processes described in succession may be performed substantially simultaneously or proceed in the reverse order of the order described. That is, each step of the method described herein may be appropriately performed in any order unless otherwise stated in the specification or clearly contradicted by the context.

[0038] In this specification, "self-heating" may refer to a phenomenon in which heat is generated and accumulated within an organic material without a direct external heating source (or ignition source), causing the temperature to rise.

[0039] In this specification, "spontaneous combustion" may mean a phenomenon in which self-heating continues or accumulates and leads to ignition (or smoldering) without a direct external ignition source.

[0040] The patterns of self-heating and spontaneous combustion during the storage of organic raw materials may vary depending on the type of organic raw material, moisture content, storage shape, ventilation conditions, and surrounding environment, and the present disclosure is not limited by a specific mechanism of occurrence.

[0041] FIG. 1 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a method for manufacturing a fuel composition according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 1, the method for manufacturing a fuel composition according to one embodiment may include a contact step, a waiting step, an input step, and a holding step.

[0042] In the contact step (S101) according to one embodiment, a first additive may be added to an organic raw material containing moisture and brought into contact with the organic raw material. For example, in step S101, the organic raw material may be placed in a storage facility, and the first additive may be introduced into the storage facility to bring the organic raw material and the first additive into contact. In step S101, the second additive may be introduced at the point where the first additive was introduced so that the second additive comes into contact with the first additive. In step S101, a mixture may be formed as a result of the addition of the first additive to the organic raw material.

[0043] In one embodiment, the storage facility may be a facility equipped with a storage space capable of temporarily or continuously accommodating organic raw materials. Non-limiting examples of the storage facility may include fuel storage silos, storage bins, storage rooms, tanks that transport fuel using compressed air, and loading spaces of transport vehicles.

[0044] In one embodiment, the organic raw material may include a material selected from the group consisting of sewage sludge, woody biomass, and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, sewage sludge is an organic sediment and residue generated during the process of purifying domestic sewage or wastewater at a sewage treatment plant, etc. In one embodiment, the woody biomass may include a material selected from the group consisting of wood chips, wood pellets, sawdust, wood powder, and combinations thereof.

[0045] In one embodiment, the first additive may include aluminum sulfate. In step S101, the content of the first additive may be about 0.2 parts by weight or more to about 4 parts by weight or less per 100 parts by weight of organic raw material.

[0046] For example, the content of the first additive introduced in step S101 is 0.2 parts by weight, 0.3 parts by weight, 0.4 parts by weight, 0.5 parts by weight, 0.6 parts by weight, 0.7 parts by weight, 0.8 parts by weight, 0.9 parts by weight, 1 part by weight, 1.1 parts by weight, 1.2 parts by weight, 1.3 parts by weight, 1.4 parts by weight, 1.5 parts by weight, 1.6 parts by weight, 1.7 parts by weight, 1.8 parts by weight, 1.9 parts by weight, 2 parts by weight, 2.1 parts by weight, 2.2 parts by weight, 2.3 parts by weight, 2.4 parts by weight, 2.5 parts by weight, 2.6 parts by weight, 2.7 parts by weight, 2.8 parts by weight, 2.9 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight, 3.1 parts by weight, 3.2 parts by weight, 3.3 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of organic raw material. It may be 3.4 parts by weight, 3.5 parts by weight, 3.6 parts by weight, 3.7 parts by weight, 3.8 parts by weight, 3.9 parts by weight, or 4 parts by weight.

[0047] The content of the first additive according to one embodiment may be in a range of one or more of the above values ​​and one or less of the above values. For example, the content of the first additive may be 0.2 to 4 parts by weight, 0.5 to 4 parts by weight, 1 to 4 parts by weight, 1.5 to 4 parts by weight, 2 to 4 parts by weight, or 3 to 4 parts by weight.

[0048] If the content of the first additive in step S101 is less than 0.2 parts by weight, the effect of suppressing the temperature rise of the fuel during the storage period of the fuel composition may be reduced. If the content of the first additive exceeds 4 parts by weight, the aggregation or clumping of the fuel composition may be intensified, which may reduce transportability and handling, and the sulfur content emitted into the atmosphere during the combustion of the fuel composition may increase, which may increase the cost for exhaust gas purification.

[0049] A waiting step (S102) according to one embodiment may be performed after step S101. In step S102, the first additive may be maintained in contact with the organic raw material for a preset time. According to one embodiment, the time during which the first additive is maintained in contact with the organic raw material in step S102 (hereinafter referred to as the 'first time') may be approximately 1 hour or more to approximately 2 hours or less. For example, in step S102, the first time may be 1 hour, 1.1 hours, 1.2 hours, 1.3 hours, 1.4 hours, 1.5 hours, 1.6 hours, 1.7 hours, 1.8 hours, 1.9 hours, or 2 hours.

[0050] According to one embodiment, the first time may be a range of one or more of the above numerical values ​​and one or less of the above numerical values. For example, the first time may be 1 hour to 2 hours, 1.2 hours to 2 hours, 1.4 hours to 2 hours, 1.6 hours to 2 hours, or 1.8 hours to 2 hours.

[0051] If the first time in step S102 is less than 1 hour, the effect of suppressing the temperature rise of the fuel during the storage period of the fuel composition may be reduced. If the first time exceeds 2 hours, the phenomenon of agglomeration or clumping of the fuel composition may be intensified, and transportability and handling ability may be reduced.

[0052] In the input step (S103) according to one embodiment, a second additive may be added to the mixture formed in step S101. That is, in step S103, the second additive may come into contact with the mixture. In step S103, the second additive may be added at the point where the first additive was added so that the second additive comes into contact with the first additive.

[0053] In one embodiment, the second additive may include zeolite. In step S103, the content of the second additive may be about 1 part by weight or more to about 6 parts by weight or less per 100 parts by weight of organic raw material.

[0054] For example, the content of the second additive added in step S103 may be 1 part by weight, 1.5 parts by weight, 2 parts by weight, 2.5 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight, 3.5 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight, 4.5 parts by weight, 5 parts by weight, 5.5 parts by weight, or 6 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of organic raw material.

[0055] The content of the second additive according to one embodiment may be in a range of one or more of the above values ​​and one or less of the above values. For example, the content of the second additive may be 1 to 6 parts by weight, 1.5 to 6 parts by weight, 2 to 6 parts by weight, 2.5 to 6 parts by weight, 3 to 6 parts by weight, 3.5 to 6 parts by weight, 4 to 6 parts by weight, 4.5 to 6 parts by weight, 5 to 6 parts by weight, or 5.5 to 6 parts by weight.

[0056] If the content of the second additive in step S103 is less than 1 part by weight, the effect of suppressing the temperature rise of the fuel during the storage period of the fuel composition may be reduced. Since the second additive is a non-combustible component, if the content of the second additive exceeds 6 parts by weight, the relative content of organic raw materials in the total fuel composition decreases, and the calorific value of the fuel may decrease.

[0057] In the maintenance step (S104) according to one embodiment, the state in which the mixture and the second additive are in contact can be maintained for a preset time. According to one embodiment, the time during which the second additive is in contact with the mixture in step S104 (hereinafter referred to as the "second time") may be approximately 1 hour or more and approximately 5 days or less. For example, in step S104, the second time may be 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, 6 hours, 7 hours, 8 hours, 9 hours, 10 hours, 11 hours, 12 hours, 13 hours, 14 hours, 15 hours, 16 hours, 17 hours, 18 hours, 19 hours, 20 hours, 21 hours, 22 hours, 23 hours, 1 day, 1.5 days, 2 days, 2.5 days, 3 days, 3.5 days, 4 days, 4.5 days, or 5 days.

[0058] According to one embodiment, the second time may be a range of one or more of the above numerical values ​​and one or less of the above numerical values. For example, the second time may be 1 hour to 5 days, 1 hour to 4 days, 1 hour to 3 days, 1 hour to 2 days, or 1 hour to 24 hours.

[0059] If the second time in step S104 is less than 1 hour, the effect of suppressing the temperature rise of the fuel during the storage period of the fuel composition may be reduced. If the second time exceeds 5 days, the phenomenon of agglomeration or clumping of the fuel composition may be intensified, and transportability and handling ability may be reduced.

[0060] According to one embodiment, stirring may not be performed in the contact step, waiting step, input step, and holding step so that the first additive and the second additive remain in contact.

[0061] A fuel composition according to one embodiment may include an organic raw material, a first additive, and a second additive. In one embodiment, the fuel composition may be prepared by the manufacturing method described above.

[0062] The present disclosure is described in more detail below through specific embodiments and experimental examples. The following embodiments and experimental examples are merely illustrative to aid in understanding the present disclosure, and therefore the scope of the rights of the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0063] Preparation of fuel compositions according to examples and comparative examples

[0064] <Examples 1–6 and Comparative Examples 1–4>

[0065] 100g of organic raw material with a moisture content of 15% was placed in a container equipped with a lid. The first additive (aluminum sulfate) was added based on 100g of organic raw material in the amount (g) listed in Table 1 below. After adding the first additive to the container, the contact between the first additive and the organic raw material was maintained for 1 hour. Subsequently, the second additive was added to the mixture inside the container, and the contact between the second additive and the mixture was maintained for 1 hour from the time the second additive was added to prepare a fuel composition sample.

[0066] In each example and comparative example, the amount of the second additive (zeolite) was maintained at 3g. In Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2, sewage sludge with a moisture content of 15% was used as the organic raw material, and in Examples 4 to 6 and Comparative Examples 3 to 4, wood chips with a moisture content of 15% were used as the organic raw material.

[0067] division Content of the first additive Example 1 0.2 Example 2 2 Example 3 4 Comparative Example 1 0 Comparative Example 2 6 Example 4 0.2 Example 5 2 Example 6 4 Comparative Example 3 0 Comparative Example 4 6

[0068] <Examples 7–12 and Comparative Examples 5–8>

[0069] 100g of organic raw material with a moisture content of 15% was placed in a container equipped with a lid. After adding a first additive (aluminum sulfate) into the container, the first additive and the organic raw material were kept in contact for 1 hour. Subsequently, a second additive (zeolite) was added to the mixture inside the container, and the second additive and the mixture were kept in contact for 1 hour from the time the second additive was added to prepare a fuel composition sample.

[0070] In each example and comparative example, the amount of the first additive was maintained at 2g. The second additive was added based on 100g of organic raw material in the amount (g) listed in Table 2 below.

[0071] In Examples 7 to 9 and Comparative Examples 5 to 6, sewage sludge with a moisture content of 15% was used as an organic raw material, and in Examples 10 to 12 and Comparative Examples 7 to 8, wood chips with a moisture content of 15% were used as an organic raw material.

[0072] division Content of the second additive Example 7 1 Example 8 3.5 Example 9 6 Comparative Example 5 0 Comparative Example 6 7 Example 10 1 Example 11 3.5 Example 12 6 Comparative Example 7 0 Comparative Example 8 7

[0073] <Examples 13–18 and Comparative Examples 9–12>

[0074] 100g of organic raw material with a moisture content of 15% was placed in a container equipped with a lid. After adding the first additive (aluminum sulfate) into the container, the time (first hour) during which the first additive and the organic raw material were in contact was applied as described in Table 3 below. Subsequently, the second additive (zeolite) was added to the mixture inside the container, and the state in which the second additive and the mixture were in contact was maintained for 1 hour from the time the second additive was added to prepare a fuel composition sample.

[0075] In each example and comparative example, the amount of the first additive was maintained at 2g, and the amount of the second additive was maintained at 2g. In Examples 13 to 15 and Comparative Examples 9 to 10, sewage sludge with a moisture content of 15% was used as the organic raw material, and in Examples 16 to 18 and Comparative Examples 11 to 12, wood chips with a moisture content of 15% were used as the organic raw material.

[0076] division Hour 1 Example 13 1 hour Example 14 1.5 hours Example 15 2 hours Comparative Example 9 0.5 hours Comparative Example 10 2.5 hours Example 16 1 hour Example 17 1.5 hours Example 18 2 hours Comparative Example 11 0.5 hours Comparative Example 12 2.5 hours

[0077] <Examples 19–28 and Comparative Examples 13–16>

[0078] 100g of organic raw material with a moisture content of 15% was placed in a container equipped with a lid. After adding a first additive (aluminum sulfate) into the container, the time during which the first additive and the organic raw material were in contact (first hour) was applied as 1 hour. Subsequently, a second additive (zeolite) was added to the mixture inside the container, and a fuel composition sample was prepared by maintaining the contact between the second additive and the mixture for a specific time (second hour) from the time the second additive was added. The second hour for each example and comparative example is as listed in Table 4 below.

[0079] In each example and comparative example, the amount of the first additive was maintained at 2g, and the amount of the second additive was maintained at 2g. In Examples 19 to 23 and Comparative Examples 13 to 14, sewage sludge with a moisture content of 15% was used as the organic raw material, and in Examples 24 to 28 and Comparative Examples 15 to 16, wood chips with a moisture content of 15% were used as the organic raw material.

[0080] division 2nd hour Example 19 1 hour Example 20 12 hours Example 21 1 day Example 22 3 days Example 23 5 days Comparative Example 13 30 minutes Comparative Example 14 6th Example 24 1 hour Example 25 12 hours Example 26 1 day Example 27 3 days Example 28 5 days Comparative Example 15 30 minutes Comparative Example 16 6th

[0081] Evaluation of the degree of temperature rise inhibition of fuel composition

[0082] The effect of suppressing temperature rise during storage of fuel composition samples prepared according to each example and comparative example was evaluated. Specifically, each sample was prepared in a scale of 1000g based on organic raw materials to enable measurement of the internal temperature of the sample, and the mixing ratio of each component of each example and comparative example was maintained identically to the preparation example described above. Each sample was filled into an insulated container having the same shape and size, and a temperature sensor was inserted into the center of the sample.

[0083] Each insulated container was placed in a constant temperature environment where the same external conditions were maintained. For each sample, the initial temperature was measured immediately after insertion into the container, and the internal temperature of the sample was measured after 24, 48, and 72 hours. In addition, the maximum temperature increase (ΔTmax) relative to the initial temperature was calculated and listed in Tables 5 to 8 below.

[0084] Measurement of the diameter of the fuel composition

[0085] The coarse particle content was measured to evaluate the degree of aggregation or clumping of the fuel composition samples prepared according to each example and comparative example. Specifically, after drying the fuel composition samples prepared according to each example and comparative example under the same conditions, 100 g of each sample was prepared. Each sample was sieveed with an opening size of 2.0 mm, and the particles remaining on the sieve were defined as coarse particles. Subsequently, the coarse particle content relative to the total sample weight was calculated and compared. The results are listed in Tables 9 to 11 below.

[0086] Measurement of the calorific value of the fuel composition

[0087] To evaluate the fuel performance of fuel composition samples prepared according to each example and comparative example, the calorific value was measured. Specifically, fuel composition samples prepared according to each example and comparative example were dried under the same temperature and time conditions, and then ground and homogenized to have the same particle size range to prepare samples for calorific value measurement. The calorific value of each sample was measured using a calorimeter, and the average value was calculated after repeating the measurement at least twice for each sample. The results are listed in Table 12 below.

[0088] Measurement of slagging and fouling during the combustion of fuel composition

[0089] A combustion test was performed by introducing fuel composition samples for each example and comparative example into a pilot combustion test device simulating a circulating fluidized bed boiler of a thermal power plant. 100 kg of fuel composition samples, with the mixing ratio of each component of each example and comparative example maintained identically to the aforementioned manufacturing example, were continuously fed at a rate of 10 kg / hr for 10 hours, and the average temperature of the combustion chamber was maintained at 850°C during the test. In addition, a deposit probe was placed inside the combustion chamber to maintain a surface temperature of 600°C.

[0090] After the test was completed, the mass difference of the sediment probe before and after the test was measured to calculate the mass of the ash deposit formed on the probe surface. This ash deposit was formed when ash, alkali, and other inorganic components contained in the fuel composition adhered to and solidified on the probe surface during the combustion process, and it was used as an indicator to evaluate the fouling or ash deposition tendency of the fuel composition. The calculated mass of the deposit is shown in Table 13 below.

[0091] division Initial temperature (°C) Temperature after 24 hours (°C) Temperature after 48 hours (°C) Temperature after 72 hours (°C) Maximum temperature increase (ΔTmax) Example 1 40 46.1 52.1 58.2 18.2 Example 2 40 45.1 50.3 55.3 15.3 Example 3 40 44.5 49.4 53.8 13.8 Comparative Example 1 40 51.3 62.5 74.2 34.2 Comparative Example 2 40 44.2 48.6 52.6 12.6 Example 4 40 45.7 51.4 57.4 17.4 Example 5 40 45.3 50.3 55.6 15.6 Example 6 40 44.4 48.4 52.8 12.8 Comparative Example 3 40 50.7 61.3 71.4 31.4 Comparative Example 4 40 43.6 47.2 50.8 10.8

[0092] As shown in Table 5, the examples using sewage sludge as an organic raw material showed a lower increase in maximum temperature compared to Comparative Example 1, which did not contain the first additive, and the examples using wood chips as an organic raw material showed a lower increase in maximum temperature compared to Comparative Example 3, which did not contain the first additive. In other words, it can be seen that the first additive can contribute to suppressing the temperature rise even for different organic raw materials. This suppression of temperature rise can contribute to mitigating the occurrence or progression of self-heating in the fuel composition, increasing storage stability, and lowering the possibility of spontaneous combustion.

[0093] division Initial temperature (°C) Temperature after 24 hours (°C) Temperature after 48 hours (°C) Temperature after 72 hours (°C) Maximum temperature increase (ΔTmax) Example 7 40 45.4 51.1 56.7 16.7 Example 8 40 44 48.3 52.4 12.4 Example 9 40 42.7 45.7 48.3 8.3 Comparative Example 5 40 52.7 65.2 78.7 38.7 Comparative Example 6 40 42.4 44.6 47.2 7.2 Example 10 40 44.6 49.3 54.4 14.4 Example 11 40 44.1 48.4 52.2 12.2 Example 12 40 43.3 46.6 50.1 10.1 Comparative Example 7 40 51 62.3 73.1 33.1 Comparative Example 8 40 42.9 45.5 48.2 8.2

[0094] As shown in Table 6, the examples using sewage sludge as the organic raw material showed a lower increase in maximum temperature compared to Comparative Example 5, which did not contain the second additive, and the examples using wood chips as the organic raw material showed a lower increase in maximum temperature compared to Comparative Example 7, which did not contain the second additive. In other words, it can be seen that the second additive can contribute to suppressing the temperature rise even for different organic raw materials.

[0095] division Initial temperature (°C) Temperature after 24 hours (°C) Temperature after 48 hours (°C) Temperature after 72 hours (°C) Maximum temperature increase (ΔTmax) Example 13 40 44.6 49.3 54.2 14.2 Example 14 40 44.2 48.8 53.1 13.1 Example 15 40 43.6 47.3 51.2 11.2 Comparative Example 9 40 50.7 61.6 72.6 32.6 Comparative Example 10 40 43.3 46.8 50.3 10.3 Example 16 40 44.3 48.9 53.3 13.3 Example 17 40 44.2 48.3 52.7 12.7 Example 18 40 43.5 47.3 50.6 10.6 Comparative Example 11 40 51.1 62.4 73.4 33.4 Comparative Example 12 40 42.7 45.4 48.5 8.5

[0096] As shown in Table 7, the examples using sewage sludge as an organic raw material showed a lower increase in maximum temperature compared to Comparative Example 9, where the first time was applied for less than 1 hour, and the examples using wood chips as an organic raw material showed a lower increase in maximum temperature compared to Comparative Example 11, where the first time was applied for less than 1 hour. From the results of Table 7, it can be confirmed that if the first time is excessively short, the effect of suppressing the temperature rise of the fuel composition may not be sufficient.

[0097] division Initial temperature (°C) Temperature after 24 hours (°C) Temperature after 48 hours (°C) Temperature after 72 hours (°C) Maximum temperature increase (ΔTmax) Example 19 40 44.7 49.4 54.2 14.2 Example 20 40 44.1 48.6 52.3 12.3 Example 21 40 42.4 44.7 47.2 7.2 Example 22 40 42.1 44.4 46.9 6.9 Example 23 40 41.6 42.7 44.1 4.1 Comparative Example 13 40 50.31 60.2 70.7 30.7 Comparative Example 14 40 41.4 42.7 44.2 4.2 Example 24 40 44.4 48.6 53.3 13.3 Example 25 40 44.2 48.7 52.1 12.1 Example 26 40 43.1 46.5 49.3 9.3 Example 27 40 41.7 43.6 45.7 5.7 Example 28 40 41.4 42.4 43.9 3.9 Comparative Example 15 40 51.5 62.6 74 34 Comparative Example 16 40 41.2 42.2 43.2 3.2

[0098] As shown in Table 8, the examples using sewage sludge as an organic raw material showed a lower increase in maximum temperature compared to Comparative Example 13, where the second time was applied for less than 1 hour, and the examples using wood chips as an organic raw material showed a lower increase in maximum temperature compared to Comparative Example 15, where the second time was applied for less than 1 hour. From the results of Table 8, it can be confirmed that if the second time is excessively short, the effect of suppressing the temperature rise of the fuel composition may not be sufficient.

[0099] division Coarse particle content (weight%) Example 1 0.3 Example 2 2.1 Example 3 5.3 Comparative Example 1 0.2 Comparative Example 2 10.4 Example 4 0.1 Example 5 1.9 Example 6 4.8 Comparative Example 3 0 Comparative Example 4 10.1

[0100] As shown in Table 9, the examples using sewage sludge as the organic raw material showed a lower coarse particle content compared to Comparative Example 2, in which the first additive was applied in excess, and the examples using wood chips as the organic raw material showed a lower coarse particle content compared to Comparative Example 4, in which the first additive was applied in excess. From the results in Table 9, it can be confirmed that the setting of the first additive content is important. That is, it can be seen that if too much of the first additive is applied, the coarse particle content increases rapidly due to aggregation between the organic raw material and the first additive. Ultimately, through the results in Table 9, it was confirmed that the fuel composition according to the examples can suppress aggregation or clumping compared to the comparative examples. As the proportion of coarse particles decreases, the transportability of fuel using compressed air can be improved, and clogging, adhesion, or deposition inside the equipment is reduced, which can contribute to reducing the burden of cleaning and maintenance.

[0101] division Coarse particle content (weight%) Example 13 3.2 Example 14 6.7 Example 15 9.1 Comparative Example 9 1.2 Comparative Example 10 13.4 Example 16 2.2 Example 17 5.5 Example 18 7.9 Comparative Example 11 0.9 Comparative Example 12 11.3

[0102] As shown in Table 10, the examples using sewage sludge as an organic raw material showed a lower coarse particle content compared to Comparative Example 10, in which the first time exceeded 2 hours, and the examples using wood chips as an organic raw material showed a lower coarse particle content compared to Comparative Example 12, in which the first time exceeded 2 hours. From the results in Table 10, it can be confirmed that the fuel composition according to the examples can suppress aggregation or clumping compared to the comparative examples. As the proportion of coarse particles decreases, the transportability of fuel using compressed air can be improved, and clogging, adhesion, or deposition inside the equipment is reduced, which can contribute to reducing the burden of cleaning and maintenance.

[0103] division Coarse particle content (weight%) Example 19 3.2 Example 20 4.1 Example 21 5 Example 22 6.9 Example 23 8.8 Comparative Example 13 2.9 Comparative Example 14 11.1 Example 24 2.2 Example 25 3.3 Example 26 4.5 Example 27 6.4 Example 28 8.1 Comparative Example 15 1.9 Comparative Example 16 10.5

[0104] As shown in Table 11, the examples using sewage sludge as an organic raw material showed a lower coarse particle content compared to Comparative Example 14, in which the second time exceeded 5 days, and the examples using wood chips as an organic raw material showed a lower coarse particle content compared to Comparative Example 16, in which the second time exceeded 5 days. From the results in Table 11, it can be confirmed that the fuel composition according to the examples can suppress aggregation or clumping compared to the comparative examples. As the proportion of coarse particles decreases, the transportability of fuel using compressed air can be improved, and clogging, adhesion, or deposition inside the equipment is reduced, which can contribute to reducing the burden of cleaning and maintenance.

[0105] division Calorific value (kcal / kg) Example 7 3687.9 Example 8 3593.1 Example 9 3508.8 Comparative Example 5 3726.4 Comparative Example 6 3451.6 Example 10 4002.2 Example 11 3899.1 Example 12 3695.9 Comparative Example 7 4043.5 Comparative Example 8 3454.7

[0106] As shown in Table 12, the examples using sewage sludge as the organic raw material exhibited a relatively higher calorific value compared to Comparative Example 6, which contained an excessive amount of the second additive, and the examples using wood chips as the organic raw material exhibited a relatively higher calorific value compared to Comparative Example 8, which contained an excessive amount of the second additive. In other words, it can be confirmed that if the content of the additive is set within an appropriate range, the calorific value as a fuel can be maintained well while ensuring the storage stability of the fuel composition. Since an excessive increase in the content of the second additive may reduce the relative proportion of the organic raw material in the fuel composition and lower the calorific value, the content of the additive can be set by considering both storage stability and fuel performance.

[0107] division Mass increase (g) of sedimentation probe Example 7 9.4 Example 8 7.5 Example 9 5.8 Comparative Example 5 16.1 Comparative Example 6 5.2 Example 10 8.8 Example 11 6.7 Example 12 4.9 Comparative Example 7 13.3 Comparative Example 8 4.3

[0108] As shown in Table 13, the examples using sewage sludge as an organic raw material showed a smaller increase in the mass of the sedimentation probe compared to Comparative Example 5, which did not contain the second additive, and the examples using wood chips as an organic raw material showed a smaller increase in the mass of the sedimentation probe compared to Comparative Example 7, which did not contain the second additive.

[0109] Comparative Examples 6 and 8, which contained an excess amount of the second additive, showed a low tendency for ash deposition; however, the calorific value measurement results mentioned above indicate that the calorific value of the fuel was reduced. Therefore, it is desirable to set the content of the second additive within an appropriate range, taking into account both the ash deposition reduction effect and fuel performance, in order to maintain the performance of the fuel composition.

[0110] As described above, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure, by first contacting the first additive with the organic raw material, then adding the second additive and maintaining this for a predetermined time, the temperature rise during storage of the fuel composition can be suppressed.

[0111] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the rise in temperature of the fuel can be suppressed to mitigate the occurrence or progression of self-heating, and can contribute to reducing the possibility of spontaneous combustion occurring during the storage period of the fuel.

[0112] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, excessive aggregation or clumping of the mixture can be suppressed, thereby improving flowability and transportability during the fuel transfer process using compressed air, and contributing to preventing equipment failure by reducing adhesion, clogging, or wear inside the equipment.

[0113] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, by setting the content of the first additive and the second additive to an appropriate range, storage stability can be ensured while suppressing the decrease in the calorific value of the fuel.

[0114] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, by effectively controlling alkaline components released from organic raw materials during combustion, thermal imbalance, slagging, fouling phenomena, and corrosion problems that may occur during the combustion process of organic raw materials can be improved.

[0115] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, organic raw materials such as sewage sludge or waste wood can be stably processed and converted into a fuel composition, thereby contributing to the recycling of organic raw materials subject to disposal.

[0116] According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, by improving the storage stability and handling of organic raw materials, it is possible to contribute to reducing concerns regarding the accumulation, decay, odor generation, and secondary pollution of waste, and to alleviate the burden of waste disposal.

[0117] As explained above, the specific description of the present disclosure has been provided through embodiments, but since the above-described embodiments are merely preferred examples of the present disclosure, the present disclosure should not be understood as being limited only to the above embodiments, and the scope of the rights of the present disclosure should be understood as the claims set forth below and their equivalents.

Claims

Claim 1 A method for manufacturing a fuel composition comprising: a contact step of adding a first additive to an organic raw material containing moisture and bringing it into contact with the organic raw material; an input step of introducing a second additive into a mixture formed in the contact step after the organic raw material and the first additive have come into contact; and a maintenance step of maintaining the state in which the mixture and the second additive have come into contact for a predetermined time; wherein the first additive comprises aluminum sulfate and the second additive comprises zeolite, and the content of the first additive is 0.2 to 4 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the organic raw material. Claim 2 delete Claim 3 A method for manufacturing a fuel composition according to claim 1, wherein the organic raw material comprises a material selected from the group consisting of sewage sludge, woody biomass, and combinations thereof. Claim 4 A method for manufacturing a fuel composition according to claim 1, further comprising a waiting step between the contact step and the input step, wherein the first additive is in contact with the organic raw material for a predetermined time. Claim 5 A fuel composition manufactured by a manufacturing method according to any one of paragraphs 1, 3, and 4.

Images