Method for manufacturing decorative articles using waste vinyl and decorative articles manufactured thereby

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an ornament using waste vinyl, comprising the steps of: forming a three-dimensional pattern structure on the waste vinyl through a rolling method in which the waste vinyl is rolled and laminated in the longitudinal direction; performing a first heat pressing on the waste vinyl rolled by the rolling method to compress the waste vinyl and increase its density; cutting the waste vinyl subjected to the first heat pressing to a predetermined length; placing the cut waste vinyl in a mold and performing a second heat pressing to maintain the three-dimensional pattern structure; and performing a cooling process on the waste vinyl subjected to the second heat pressing to form a molded body in which the three-dimensional pattern structure is maintained.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a method for manufacturing an ornament using waste vinyl and an ornament manufactured thereby. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of manufacturing decorative items utilizing waste vinyl, attempts are being made to produce items with unique appearances, alongside resource circulation through the recycling of waste vinyl. Conventionally, methods primarily used involve simply melting waste vinyl and injecting it into a mold, or forming it into sheet or film shapes followed by cutting and processing. However, these methods fail to fully utilize the physical properties of waste vinyl and have limitations, such as resulting in monotonous appearances or restricted pattern diversity.

[0003] Furthermore, due to variations in the viscoelasticity and physical properties of waste vinyl, it is difficult to stably implement and maintain desired three-dimensional pattern structures during the molding process using heat and pressure. In particular, patterns may collapse or flatten during the molding process, and there are limitations on combining them with composite materials or achieving various colors and transparencys.

[0004] As such, there is a growing need for technical improvements in the manufacture of decorative items using waste vinyl, particularly regarding the formation and maintenance of three-dimensional pattern structures, combinations with various materials, and the attachment of decorative layers. The problem to be solved

[0005] The objective of one embodiment is to provide a method for manufacturing an ornament using waste vinyl, wherein a three-dimensional pattern structure is formed through the physical arrangement of waste vinyl, heat and pressure are applied to maintain the three-dimensional pattern structure so that it does not collapse or flatten during the molding process, and a molded body in which the three-dimensional pattern structure is stably fixed is manufactured through a subsequent cooling process.

[0006] In addition, the objective of one embodiment is to provide a method for manufacturing an ornament using waste vinyl, wherein the waste vinyl is modified in at least one of twisting, overlapping, or arranging to realize various three-dimensional pattern structures, and said structure can be effectively maintained during heat pressing and cooling processes.

[0007] In addition, the objective of one embodiment is to provide a method for manufacturing an ornament using waste vinyl having various appearances and decorative effects by arranging a resin material together with waste vinyl to combine multiple resin materials with different colors or transparencys, or by forming a decorative layer containing mother-of-pearl or resin on the surface of a molded body. means of solving the problem

[0008] A method for manufacturing a decorative item using waste vinyl according to one embodiment may include the steps of: forming a three-dimensional pattern structure on the waste vinyl through a rolling method of rolling and laminating the waste vinyl in the longitudinal direction; performing a first heat pressing on the waste vinyl rolled by the rolling method to increase density by compressing the waste vinyl; cutting the waste vinyl subjected to the first heat pressing to a predetermined length; placing the cut waste vinyl in a mold and performing a second heat pressing to maintain the three-dimensional pattern structure; and performing a cooling process on the waste vinyl subjected to the second heat pressing to form a molded body in which the three-dimensional pattern structure is maintained.

[0009] In a method for manufacturing a decorative item using waste vinyl according to one embodiment, the step of applying heat and pressure may be performed for 10 to 20 seconds at a temperature range of 140°C to 200°C.

[0010] In a method for manufacturing a decorative item using waste vinyl according to one embodiment, the second heat pressing step may further include a step of placing a resin material together with the waste vinyl in a mold, and the resin material may be one or more of a plurality of resin materials having at least one of different colors or transparencys.

[0011] In a method for manufacturing an ornament using waste vinyl according to one embodiment, the method may further include the step of forming an ornament layer comprising at least one of mother-of-pearl or resin on the surface of a molded body.

[0012] In a method for manufacturing a decorative item using waste vinyl according to one embodiment, the second heat pressing step may include a step of sequentially performing a plurality of pressing steps having different pressure levels while the pressing direction is set to correspond to the formation direction of a three-dimensional pattern structure.

[0013] An ornament using waste vinyl according to one embodiment may be an ornament manufactured through the above-described manufacturing method. Effects of the invention

[0014] The method for manufacturing an ornament using waste vinyl according to the present invention forms a three-dimensional pattern structure through the physical arrangement of waste vinyl, and by applying heat and pressure within a mold to complete a molded body while maintaining the pattern structure, the physical properties of waste vinyl can be effectively utilized.

[0015] According to one embodiment, by deforming waste vinyl in at least one of twisting, overlapping, or arranging to form a three-dimensional pattern structure, various three-dimensional patterns can be realized on the appearance of the ornament.

[0016] In addition, by applying heat and pressure in a temperature range of 140°C to 200°C, pattern collapse or flattening phenomena caused by variations in the viscoelasticity and physical properties of waste vinyl can be suppressed, and the three-dimensional pattern structure can be stably maintained.

[0017] In addition, by placing resin materials together with waste vinyl within the mold and selectively applying multiple resin materials having different colors or transparencys, diversity in the realization of the color and transparency of the ornament can be secured.

[0018] In addition, by forming a decorative layer containing at least one of mother-of-pearl or resin on the surface of the molded body, the design completeness and aesthetics of the ornament can be maximized.

[0019] In addition, by setting the pressure direction to correspond to the formation direction of the three-dimensional pattern structure and sequentially performing a plurality of pressure steps having different pressure levels, the shape retention and reproducibility of the three-dimensional pattern structure can be further improved.

[0020] The effects obtainable from the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and include various effects that a person skilled in the art can deduce based on the technical concept of the present invention. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0021] FIG. 1 shows an example of a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a decorative item using waste vinyl according to one embodiment. FIG. 2 shows another example of a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a decorative item using waste vinyl according to one embodiment. FIGS. 3a and FIGS. 3b are drawings for explaining a rolling method according to one embodiment. FIGS. 4a and 4b are drawings for illustrating a first heat pressurization step according to one embodiment. FIG. 5 shows cut waste vinyl according to one embodiment. FIGS. 6a to 6c are drawings for explaining a secondary heat pressurization step according to one embodiment. FIG. 7a is an example of a molded body having mother-of-pearl or resin formed on its surface according to one embodiment. FIGS. 7b and FIGS. 7c are examples of decorative items using waste vinyl according to one embodiment. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0022] Specific structural or functional descriptions of the embodiments are disclosed for illustrative purposes only and may be modified and implemented in various forms. Accordingly, actual implementations are not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, and the scope of this specification includes modifications, equivalents, or substitutions included in the technical concept described by the embodiments.

[0023] Terms such as "first" or "second" may be used to describe various components, but these terms should be interpreted solely for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, the first component may be named the second component, and similarly, the second component may be named the first component.

[0024] When it is stated that a component is "connected" to another component, it should be understood that it may be directly connected to or coupled with that other component, or that there may be other components in between.

[0025] Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this document, phrases such as “A or B,” “at least one of A and B,” “at least one of A or B,” “A, B or C,” “at least one of A, B and C,” and “at least one of A, B, or C” may each include any one of the items listed together with the corresponding phrase, or all possible combinations thereof. In this specification, terms such as “comprising” or “having” are intended to designate the existence of the described feature, number, step, action, component, part, or combination thereof, and should be understood as not precluding the existence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as generally understood by those skilled in the art. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant technology, and should not be interpreted in an ideal or overly formal sense unless explicitly defined in this specification.

[0027] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. In the description with reference to the attached drawings, identical components are given the same reference numeral regardless of the drawing number, and redundant descriptions thereof will be omitted.

[0029] FIG. 1 shows a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a decorative item using waste vinyl according to one embodiment.

[0030] According to some embodiments, the process for manufacturing a molded waste vinyl body may consist of a series of processes in which waste vinyl is pretreated, a three-dimensional pattern structure is formed, and the molded body is completed through heat pressing and cooling steps. The process for manufacturing a molded waste vinyl body may include a pretreatment step of washing, drying, and cutting the waste vinyl. The process for manufacturing a molded waste vinyl body may include a step of forming a three-dimensional pattern structure by applying physical deformations such as twisting, overlapping, and arrangement to the pretreated waste vinyl. The process for manufacturing a molded waste vinyl body may include a heat pressing step in which heat and pressure are applied within a temperature range of 140°C to 200°C after placing the waste vinyl with the formed three-dimensional pattern structure into a mold. Here, the temperature range may preferably be 140°C to 190°C. However, the temperature range is not limited thereto and may be implemented in various ways, such as 140°C to 180°C or 140°C to 170°C.

[0031] The waste vinyl molding process may include a cooling step following the heat-pressing step, in which the waste vinyl is cooled within a mold to form a molded body that maintains a three-dimensional pattern structure. The waste vinyl molding process may additionally include post-processing and finishing steps, such as surface polishing and edge machining of the molded body. For example, the waste vinyl molding process may complete the final decorative item by placing waste vinyl with a twist pattern into a mold, applying pressure in stages, and then cooling it. The waste vinyl molding process can produce molded bodies with various appearances and strengths by adjusting conditions at each stage.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, a three-dimensional pattern structure can be formed on waste vinyl through the physical arrangement of the waste vinyl. The waste vinyl can be physically deformed in at least one of twisting, overlapping, or arrangement. Various three-dimensional pattern structures can be realized by adjusting the twist angle, number of overlaps, and arrangement spacing of the waste vinyl. For example, a three-dimensional curved pattern can be formed by twisting the waste vinyl spirally. A grid-shaped three-dimensional pattern structure can be formed by cross-arranging a plurality of waste vinyl pieces. The position and orientation of the waste vinyl can be fixed during the pattern structure formation step so that the pattern is maintained during the subsequent heat-pressing step.

[0033] According to some embodiments, heat and pressure can be applied to maintain the three-dimensional pattern structure while the waste vinyl with the formed three-dimensional pattern structure is placed inside a mold. The waste vinyl with the formed three-dimensional pattern structure can be positioned inside the mold. The arrangement state of the waste vinyl can be adjusted according to the shape of the mold. Heat can be applied in a temperature range of 140°C to 200°C. The direction of pressure application can be set to align with the direction of formation of the three-dimensional pattern structure. By applying multiple pressure stages sequentially, pattern collapse due to the viscoelastic properties of the waste vinyl can be prevented. For example, an elastic layer can be interposed between the mold and the waste vinyl to relieve local overpressure. Pressure and temperature can be controlled so that the pre-formed three-dimensional pattern structure is maintained even if the waste vinyl softens during the heat-pressure stage.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, a molded body can be formed while maintaining a three-dimensional pattern structure by performing a cooling process on the waste vinyl after heat and pressure have been applied. After the heat-pressure step is completed, the waste vinyl can be cooled within the mold. Cooling can be performed while maintaining the state in which heat and pressure are applied. The waste vinyl can be cooled by selecting at least one method among natural cooling or forced cooling. During the cooling process, the springback phenomenon caused by the viscoelastic properties of the waste vinyl can be suppressed. Cooling can be continued until the molded body has a strength that allows it to be separated from the mold. For example, after cooling is complete, the molded body can be separated from the mold to complete an ornament in which the three-dimensional pattern structure is definitively realized on the exterior.

[0035] According to some embodiments, the pretreatment step may be a step of processing waste vinyl into a state suitable for molding through a series of preparation processes such as washing, drying, and cutting. The pretreatment step may involve washing using a cleaning solution to remove foreign substances from the surface of the waste vinyl. The pretreatment step may remove moisture by drying the washed waste vinyl at a temperature of 60°C to 80°C. The pretreatment step may standardize the dried waste vinyl by cutting it into widths of 5 mm to 30 mm. The pretreatment step may use a dedicated cutter or a heated blade to minimize fragmentation during cutting. For example, the pretreatment step may sequentially perform washing, drying, and cutting to prepare waste vinyl pieces suitable for pattern formation and molding. The pretreatment step can ensure the quality of subsequent processes by uniformly matching the physical characteristics of the waste vinyl, such as thickness, width, and length.

[0036] According to some embodiments, the three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) can form a three-dimensional pattern structure on the waste vinyl by deforming the waste vinyl in at least one of twisting, overlapping, or arranging. The three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) can twist or arrange the waste vinyl in various forms such as spiral, grid, or wave. The three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) can realize a multi-layered three-dimensional pattern by cross-overlapping a plurality of waste vinyl pieces. The three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) can change the appearance by adjusting the pattern repetition cycle, arrangement angle, number of overlaps, etc. For example, the three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) can form a complex three-dimensional pattern by arranging the waste vinyl to which a twist pattern has been applied in a grid shape. After the pattern is formed, the three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) can fix the position and direction of the waste vinyl so that the pattern is maintained during the heat pressing step.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, the heat-pressure step (120) may be a step of applying heat and pressure to maintain the three-dimensional pattern structure while the waste vinyl having the three-dimensional pattern structure is placed inside a mold. The heat-pressure step (120) may apply heat at a temperature of 140°C to 200°C after the waste vinyl having the three-dimensional pattern structure is placed inside the mold. The heat-pressure step (120) may set the direction of pressure application to align with the direction of formation of the three-dimensional pattern structure. The heat-pressure step (120) may apply a plurality of pressure steps sequentially to prevent pattern collapse due to the viscoelastic properties of the waste vinyl. For example, the heat-pressure step (120) may relieve local overpressure by interposing an elastic layer between the mold and the waste vinyl. The heat-pressure step (120) may adjust the conditions for applying heat and pressure to maintain the previously formed three-dimensional pattern structure.

[0038] According to some embodiments, heat and pressure can be applied in a temperature range of 140°C to 200°C. During the heat-pressure step, a temperature of 140°C to 200°C can be applied to the waste vinyl inside the mold. The softening and pattern retention of the waste vinyl can be controlled by controlling the rate of temperature increase. For example, heat can be applied in stages by applying heat at 150°C for 10 minutes and then raising the temperature to 180°C. The temperature inside the mold can be monitored in real time using a temperature sensor.

[0039] According to some embodiments, a plurality of pressurization steps having different pressure levels can be performed sequentially while the pressurization direction is set to correspond to the formation direction of a three-dimensional pattern structure. The pressurization direction can be set to align with the main formation direction of the three-dimensional pattern structure. Pressure can be applied sequentially by applying low pressure in the first pressurization step and then applying high pressure in the second pressurization step. For example, the first pressurization can be performed for 5 minutes at a pressure of 0.5 MPa, and then the second pressurization can be performed at 1.2 MPa. Pattern loss can be prevented by independently adjusting the pressure, time, and direction of each pressurization step.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, the cooling step (130) may be a step of performing a cooling process on waste vinyl after the heat pressing step to form a molded body in a state where the three-dimensional pattern structure is maintained. The cooling step (130) may cool the waste vinyl, after heat pressing is completed, by natural cooling or forced cooling within the mold. The cooling step (130) may suppress the springback phenomenon by performing cooling while maintaining the state in which heat and pressure are applied. The cooling step (130) may continue cooling until the molded body has a strength that allows it to be separated from the mold. For example, the cooling step (130) may perform forced cooling by installing a cooling water circulation channel within the mold. After cooling is completed, the cooling step (130) may separate the molded body from the mold to complete an ornament in which the three-dimensional pattern structure is definitively realized on the exterior.

[0041] According to some embodiments, the post-processing and finishing step (140) may include finishing processes to ensure the final appearance and quality of the molded body, such as surface treatment, polishing, and edge processing. The post-processing and finishing step (140) may control roughness by polishing the surface of the molded body. The post-processing and finishing step (140) may enhance the surface gloss of the molded body by applying a polishing agent. The post-processing and finishing step (140) may increase safety when worn by rounding the edges. The post-processing and finishing step (140) may additionally perform hole processing for connecting decorations. For example, the post-processing and finishing step (140) may complete the final appearance by polishing the surface of the molded body with 2000-grit sandpaper and then applying a silicone polishing agent. The post-processing and finishing step (140) may process the molded body into various decorative shapes, such as earrings or pendants, through drilling.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, the pretreatment step may be a step of washing, drying, cutting, and standardizing waste vinyl to prepare it in a state suitable for subsequent processes. The pretreatment step may include a washing process to remove contaminants and foreign substances attached to the surface of the waste vinyl. The pretreatment step may include a drying process to reduce the moisture content of the washed waste vinyl. The pretreatment step may include a cutting process to cut the dried waste vinyl into specific dimensions. The pretreatment step may include a step of standardizing the cut waste vinyl to prepare it in a form suitable for pattern formation and mold placement. For example, the pretreatment step may cut the waste vinyl to a size of 10mm x 50mm and then transfer it to a twist pattern forming step.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, the pretreatment step may include removing contaminants from waste vinyl, controlling moisture content, ensuring standardized dimensions, and suppressing fragmentation. The pretreatment step may remove organic matter, inorganic matter, residual contaminants, etc., from the surface of the waste vinyl using a cleaning solution. The pretreatment step may reduce the moisture content of the waste vinyl to 1% or less through a drying process. The pretreatment step may standardize the waste vinyl by cutting it within a range of 5mm to 30mm in width and 30mm to 100mm in length. The pretreatment step may adjust the blade angle, cutting speed, support structure, etc., to prevent the generation of fine fragments during cutting. For example, the pretreatment step may use an automatic cutter to repeatedly produce pieces of waste vinyl of the same size.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present invention, the washing and drying process can serve to remove foreign substances, contaminants, and residual substances attached to the surface of waste vinyl and to lower the moisture content to an appropriate level. The washing and drying process can separate surface contaminants by immersing or spraying the waste vinyl in a cleaning solution. After washing, the washing and drying process can reduce the moisture content by drying the waste vinyl in a hot air dryer or a vacuum dryer. The washing and drying process may include an additional rinsing step to remove cleaning solution residue remaining on the surface of the dried waste vinyl. For example, the washing and drying process can lower the moisture content of the waste vinyl to 0.5% or less by applying hot air at 60°C for 30 minutes.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present invention, the selection of a cleaning solution may be made by considering the degree of contamination of waste vinyl, surface characteristics, and suitability with subsequent processes. Depending on the type of organic and inorganic contaminants attached to the surface of the waste vinyl, an alkaline, neutral, or acidic cleaning agent may be selected. In the selection of the cleaning solution, a low residue or volatile composition may be prioritized so that residues do not affect quality during the subsequent heat pressurization process. For example, a 1% NaOH aqueous solution or a 0.5% surfactant solution may be used for the cleaning solution selection.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, according to one embodiment, the cleaning solution may be selected for a composition capable of effectively removing organic, inorganic, or other contaminants remaining on the surface of waste vinyl. The cleaning solution may include a composite cleaning agent capable of simultaneously removing oil, dust, metal ions, etc., from the surface of waste vinyl. The cleaning solution may be designed to allow for sufficient rinsing so that no residue remains on the waste vinyl after cleaning. For example, the cleaning solution may use a mixed solution of 0.1% Triton X-100 and 0.5% citric acid.

[0048] According to some embodiments, drying conditions can be set to minimize the moisture content of waste vinyl after washing, thereby preventing quality degradation during the heat pressing and pattern forming stages. The drying conditions can adjust the drying temperature and time according to the thickness, surface area, and residual moisture content of the waste vinyl. The drying conditions can be applied by selecting at least one method among hot air drying, vacuum drying, and natural drying. For example, the drying conditions can be dried for 20 minutes in 70°C hot air or for 40 minutes in a vacuum state of 0.1 bar.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present invention, according to one embodiment, drying may be performed by at least one of natural drying, hot air drying, or vacuum drying. Depending on external environmental conditions, natural ventilation drying may be applied. During mass production, a hot air dryer may be used to ensure a uniform drying state. When high quality is required, vacuum drying may be applied to reduce the moisture content to 0.1% or less. For example, drying may be performed by natural drying at 25°C indoors for 24 hours, or by drying with 80°C hot air for 10 minutes.

[0050] According to some embodiments, cutting and standardization may be a step of cutting washed and dried waste vinyl into specific dimensions and standardizing it to prepare it for pattern formation and mold placement. Cutting and standardization may involve cutting the waste vinyl into straight or curved shapes. Cutting and standardization may be performed using various equipment such as automatic cutters, scissors, and cutters. Cutting and standardization may manage the dimensional deviation of the cut waste vinyl to within ±1 mm. For example, cutting and standardization may involve cutting the waste vinyl to a size of 20 mm x 60 mm and then standardizing it using a dimension measuring device.

[0051] According to some embodiments, the cutting dimension range may be set considering the efficiency of subsequent pattern formation and placement within the mold. The cutting dimension range may vary depending on the size of the mold, the pattern formation method, and the size of the final ornament. The cutting dimension range can be set to various ranges, such as a width of 5mm to 30mm and a length of 30mm to 100mm. For example, the cutting dimension range can be set to 10mm x 40mm for an earring ornament and 20mm x 80mm for a pendant ornament.

[0052] According to some embodiments, in one embodiment, waste vinyl can be cut into a certain size and then transferred to a twist pattern forming step. After cutting, the waste vinyl can be moved to a twist pattern forming process via an automatic transfer device. In its cut state, the waste vinyl can be applied to various pattern forming methods such as twisting, overlapping, and arrangement. For example, after being cut into 15mm x 50mm pieces, the waste vinyl can be fed to a dedicated jig for forming a spiral twist pattern.

[0053] According to some embodiments, minimizing fragmentation may include selecting a cutting method and equipment to prevent the generation of fine fragments or irregular pieces during the cutting process. Minimizing fragmentation can be achieved by adjusting the sharpness of the cutting blade, the cutting speed, the stability of the support, etc. Minimizing fragmentation may involve immediately removing fine fragments using a dust collector after cutting. For example, minimizing fragmentation may involve linking an automatic cutter with a dust collector to suck up fine fragments generated during cutting in real time.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present invention, according to one embodiment, the generation of fragments during cutting can be suppressed to prevent quality degradation in subsequent processes and contamination of the working environment. Suppressing the generation of fragments during cutting can reduce the defect rate in the subsequent pattern formation stage. Suppressing the generation of fragments during cutting can prevent microplastic contamination in the workplace. For example, suppressing the generation of fragments during cutting can be achieved by cleaning the surface with an air blower after cutting waste vinyl to remove residual fragments.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, the three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) may be a step of applying a pattern to waste vinyl prior to molding to determine the appearance of the final ornament. The three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) may pre-form a three-dimensional pattern structure through various physical deformations, such as twisting, overlapping, and arrangement, before feeding the waste vinyl into the molding process. The three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) may prepare to maintain the shape during the heat pressing and cooling steps by pre-implementing the basic shape of the pattern. For example, the three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) may apply a pattern by twisting the waste vinyl spirally or by overlapping and arranging a plurality of waste vinyl pieces in layers. The three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) may be a key step for determining the appearance characteristics of the final ornament and the repeatability, directionality, and three-dimensionality of the pattern.

[0056] According to some embodiments, the three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) may form a three-dimensional pattern structure by physically deforming the waste vinyl in at least one of twisting, overlapping, or arranging. The three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) may apply deformations such as twisting, overlapping, or arranging to the waste vinyl using a hand or a mechanical device. The twisting method may create a spiral or wave-shaped pattern by twisting the waste vinyl with a constant tension. The overlapping method may create a multi-layered three-dimensional pattern by arranging multiple pieces of waste vinyl to overlap each other. The arrangement method may create a repetitive or asymmetrical pattern by aligning the waste vinyl on a flat or curved surface at a constant interval and direction. For example, a complex three-dimensional pattern may be created by combining twisting and overlapping.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present invention, the three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) may correspond to a step of pre-forming the basic shape of a pattern to be maintained and fixed through a heat pressing and cooling step. The three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) may pre-set the shape of the pattern through physical deformation of the waste vinyl so that deformation during the heat pressing step can be minimized. The three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) may adjust the thickness, density, and arrangement direction of the pattern to prevent collapse or deformation of the pattern during the molding process. For example, in the case of a twist pattern, the strength and number of twists may be adjusted so that the pattern does not unravel during heat pressing.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present invention, the three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) can improve the design freedom and pattern reproducibility of the ornament by clearly separating the pattern formation and molding. The three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) separates the design and implementation of the pattern from the molding process, allowing the user to freely apply the desired design. The three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) enables the standardization of the pattern formation process so that various patterns can be repeatedly reproduced even under the same molding conditions. For example, ornaments with different appearances can be produced from the same mold by varying the combination of twisting, overlapping, and arrangement.

[0059] According to some embodiments, the three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) can form a three-dimensional pattern structure intentionally designed to form the external characteristics of the ornament. The three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) can finely adjust the arrangement order, twist direction, and overlapping position of the waste vinyl to realize the appearance, texture, and three-dimensionality desired by the user. The three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) can reflect various design elements such as the repeatability, symmetry, and irregularity of the pattern. For example, by combining spiral twists and flat arrangements, an ornament with a unique visual effect can be produced.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present invention, the three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) can implement a pattern distinct from patterns that occur accidentally during the flow or mixing process of the material. The three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) can implement a pattern that is not a random pattern that occurs during the random mixing of waste vinyl or heat pressing, but rather a pattern that is planned according to a design intention. The three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) can repeatedly produce ornaments with a consistent appearance by predetermining the position, size, and direction of the pattern. For example, when producing multiple ornaments with the same twist pattern applied, the appearance of each ornament can be maintained similarly.

[0061] According to some embodiments, the three-dimensional pattern structure formation step (110) may form a three-dimensional pattern structure by applying various physical deformation techniques to waste vinyl. The three-dimensional pattern structure formation step (110) may apply multiple physical deformation techniques, such as twisting, overlapping, and arrangement, either individually or in combination. Depending on the selection of the deformation technique in the three-dimensional pattern structure formation step (110), the three-dimensionality, thickness, transparency, color distribution, etc., of the pattern may vary. For example, if twisting and overlapping are applied simultaneously, a composite three-dimensional pattern combining a multilayer structure and a spiral pattern can be realized.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present invention, the step of forming a three-dimensional pattern structure (110) may form a three-dimensional pattern structure by twisting waste vinyl into a certain shape. The twisting technique may create a spiral, wave-shaped, or irregular curved pattern by twisting the waste vinyl in the length direction or the width direction. The twisting technique may vary the density and three-dimensionality of the pattern by adjusting the strength, number, and direction of the twist. For example, a thick spiral pattern may be formed by twisting the waste vinyl three or more times in the same direction.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present invention, the step of forming a three-dimensional pattern structure (110) may form a three-dimensional pattern of a multilayer structure by overlapping waste vinyl. The overlapping technique can realize a multilayer pattern in which color, transparency, and texture differ in each layer by arranging a plurality of waste vinyl pieces to overlap each other. The overlapping technique can adjust the depth and visual effect of the pattern by adjusting the thickness, arrangement order, and overlapping area of ​​each layer. For example, a three-dimensional pattern in which light transmission and reflection are harmonized can be created by alternately overlapping transparent waste vinyl and opaque waste vinyl.

[0064] According to some embodiments, the three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) can form a three-dimensional pattern structure having a desired directionality or repeatability by arranging waste vinyl. The arrangement technique can create regular or irregular patterns by aligning waste vinyl on a flat or curved surface at regular intervals and directions. The arrangement technique can create various changes in the appearance of the ornament by adjusting the repeatability, symmetry, and directionality of the pattern. For example, waste vinyl can be arranged radially or in a grid pattern to form a pattern that extends from the center to the outer edge.

[0065] According to some embodiments, the three-dimensional pattern structure formed in the three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) exists prior to the heat pressing step and may exist in a position where its shape can be adjusted by the application of heat and pressure thereafter. After the three-dimensional pattern structure formed in the three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) is placed in the mold, it may be partially deformed or compressed by the heat and pressure applied in the heat pressing step. The three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) may pre-adjust the thickness, density, arrangement direction, etc. of the pattern to minimize deformation of the pattern. For example, in the case of a twist pattern, the strength of the twist may be set high so that unraveling or flattening does not occur during heat pressing.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present invention, the three-dimensional pattern structure formed in the three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) is intentionally designed and can be distinguished from patterns that occur accidentally during the flow or mixing process of materials. The three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) can be formed by planning the position, size, and direction of the pattern in advance to realize an appearance desired by the user. Unlike random patterns that occur during heat pressing or cooling, the three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) can realize a repetitive and consistent pattern according to the design intent. For example, similar appearances can be reproduced in multiple ornaments by applying the same twist and arrangement conditions.

[0067] According to some embodiments, the three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) is not a step for finally fixing the pattern, but may correspond to a step for pre-forming the basic shape of the pattern to be maintained and fixed through the heat pressing and cooling steps. The three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) may pre-implement the basic shape of the pattern and then apply heat and pressure in the heat pressing step to fix the pattern within the molded body. The three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) may adjust the thickness and density of the pattern so that the shape of the pattern is stably maintained in the cooling step. For example, to prevent the pattern from collapsing in the heat pressing step, an elastic layer may be interposed in the mold or the pressing conditions may be adjusted stepwise.

[0068] According to some embodiments, the heat-pressure step (120) may be a step of applying heat and pressure to maintain the three-dimensional pattern structure while the waste vinyl with the three-dimensional pattern structure is placed inside the mold. The heat-pressure step (120) may be a step of aligning the waste vinyl with the pre-formed three-dimensional pattern structure to be in close contact with the surface of the mold after it has been placed in the internal space of the mold. The heat-pressure step (120) may transfer heat to the waste vinyl at a set temperature through the heating part of the mold. The heat-pressure step (120) may apply pressure from the upper, lower, or side of the mold using a pressure device. For example, if the waste vinyl is arranged in a twisted pattern, the position and direction of the waste vinyl may be adjusted so that the pattern is not deformed according to the shape of the inner wall of the mold.

[0069] According to some embodiments, the heat press step (120) may function as a key step for maintaining a pre-formed three-dimensional pattern structure during the molding process, rather than as a step for forming a new pattern. The heat press step (120) may control the press rate and the rate of temperature increase to prevent the three-dimensional pattern structure from collapsing or flattening due to heat and pressure. The heat press step (120) may set different press conditions depending on the thickness, density, and arrangement direction of the pattern so that the shape of each pattern is maintained. For example, in the case of an overlapping waste vinyl pattern, the pressure may be gradually increased to integrate the layers so that they do not separate.

[0070] According to some embodiments, waste vinyl can be placed inside a mold during the heat pressing step (120). The waste vinyl can be positioned manually or by an automated device to match the cavity shape of the mold. The waste vinyl can be supported using a fixing jig or guide member so that a pre-formed pattern, such as twisting, overlapping, or arrangement, is not deformed inside the mold. For example, in the case of a spiral twist pattern, a curved guide can be installed inside the mold to maintain the shape of the pattern.

[0071] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the heat-pressure step (120), heat and pressure may be applied under controlled conditions to soften the waste vinyl, but so as not to cause the already formed three-dimensional pattern structure to collapse or flatten. The heat-pressure step (120) may finely adjust the rate of increase of temperature and pressure by taking into account the softening temperature and viscoelastic properties of the waste vinyl. The heat-pressure step (120) may monitor conditions in real time through temperature and pressure sensors within the mold and control them so as not to exceed set values. For example, if excessive pressure is applied, the control system may automatically stop the pressurization or reduce the pressure to prevent the collapse of the pattern.

[0072] In some embodiments of the present invention, the heat pressurization step (120) may adjust the arrangement state within the mold and the pressurization conditions to suppress deformation of the three-dimensional pattern structure. The heat pressurization step (120) may set the clamping pressure, heating time, and pressurization position of the mold differently depending on the thickness of the waste vinyl, the height of the pattern, and the arrangement direction. The heat pressurization step (120) may suppress local deformation by fixing the position of the waste vinyl inserted into the mold and then gradually increasing the pressure step by step. For example, if multiple patterns are mixed, deformation may be minimized by applying a customized pressurization pad for each pattern.

[0073] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the heat-pressure step (120), heat and pressure conditions suitable for softening waste vinyl and maintaining the pattern may be set. The heat-pressure step (120) may predetermine an optimal temperature and pressure range according to the material, thickness, and pattern shape of the waste vinyl. The heat-pressure step (120) may derive conditions in which pattern loss does not occur based on experimental data or simulation results. For example, in the case of a twist pattern, pressure may be applied slowly below the softening temperature to prevent the pattern from unraveling.

[0074] According to some embodiments, the heat pressing temperature in the heat pressing step (120) can be set in the range of approximately 140°C to approximately 200°C. The heat pressing step (120) can apply heat at a temperature between 140°C and 200°C, taking into account the softening point and thermal decomposition temperature of the waste vinyl. The heat pressing step (120) can maintain a uniform surface temperature of the mold through a temperature control device. For example, after heating at 150°C for 10 minutes, the temperature can be raised to 170°C to increase the fixing strength of the pattern. The heat pressing temperature can be adjusted according to the type of waste vinyl and the thickness of the pattern. For example, for thick pattern structures, a temperature of 180°C or higher can be applied to induce sufficient softening and bonding. The heat pressing temperature is monitored in real time by a temperature sensor inside the mold, and heating can be automatically stopped if the set value is exceeded.

[0075] In some embodiments of the present invention, the heat pressurization step (120) can prevent pattern loss or local damage by adjusting the pressure level in stages rather than applying rapid pressure under a single condition. The heat pressurization step (120) can initially settle the waste vinyl into the mold at low pressure, and then gradually increase the pressure to induce the integration of the pattern. The heat pressurization step (120) can prevent excessive local stress by pre-setting the pressure magnitude and application time for each stage. For example, the pressure level can be applied in stages such as maintaining 0.2 MPa for 5 minutes in the first pressurization, and then maintaining 0.5 MPa for 10 minutes in the second pressurization.

[0076] According to some embodiments, in the heat pressurization step (120), the magnitude of the pressure and the application time can be adjusted for each pressurization step to ensure the shape retention of the three-dimensional pattern structure. The heat pressurization step (120) can set the pressure application time differently depending on the thickness of the pattern, the arrangement density, and the viscoelastic properties of the waste vinyl. The heat pressurization step (120) can maintain pressure for an accurate amount of time for each step using a pressure sensor and a timer. For example, in the case of a composite pattern structure, the deformation of each pattern can be minimized by subdividing the pressure and time over three steps.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present invention, the thermal pressurization step (120) may apply various pressurization methods depending on the characteristics of the three-dimensional pattern structure. The thermal pressurization step (120) may apply pressure in various ways, such as upper and lower pressurization of the mold, lateral pressurization, and local pressurization. The thermal pressurization step (120) may customize the pressurization position and direction according to the directionality, thickness, and arrangement of the pattern. For example, for a curved pattern, a curved pressurization pad matching the curvature may be applied to deliver uniform pressure to the entire surface.

[0078] According to some embodiments, the heat pressurization step (120) may be performed with the pressurization direction set to correspond to the formation direction of the three-dimensional pattern structure. The heat pressurization step (120) may adjust the movement path of the pressurization device or the direction of pressure application in accordance with the main extension direction or arrangement direction of the pattern. The heat pressurization step (120) may apply pressure in a direction in which deformation of the pattern is minimized by adjusting the position of the pressurization pad or hydraulic cylinder installed in the mold. For example, in the case of a spiral twist pattern, pressure may be applied parallel to the twist direction to prevent unraveling or deformation of the pattern.

[0079] According to some embodiments, the heat pressurization step (120) may be performed in a stepwise pressurization manner. The heat pressurization step (120) may sequentially apply multiple pressurization steps in the order of initial low pressure, intermediate pressure, and final high pressure. The heat pressurization step (120) can minimize deformation due to the viscoelastic properties of waste vinyl by adjusting the pressure and temperature at each step. For example, by sequentially increasing the pressure to 0.1 MPa in the first step, 0.3 MPa in the second step, and 0.6 MPa in the third step, the integration of the pattern and shape retention can be achieved simultaneously.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present invention, the heat pressurization step (120) may apply a plurality of pressurization steps sequentially to minimize local deformation or pattern loss caused by the viscoelastic properties of the waste vinyl. The heat pressurization step (120) may induce the relief of internal stress in the waste vinyl by providing a temperature maintenance or depressurization section between each pressurization step. The heat pressurization step (120) may achieve the integration of the molded body without the collapse of the pattern by combining pressure and temperature step by step. For example, in an overlapping pattern structure, a depressurization section of 1 minute may be provided after 2-step pressurization to prevent separation or deformation of each layer.

[0081] According to some embodiments, an elastic layer may be interposed between the mold and the waste vinyl during the heat pressurization step (120). The elastic layer may be composed of a heat-resistant elastic material such as silicone, rubber, or polyurethane. The elastic layer is inserted between the inner wall of the mold and the surface of the waste vinyl to alleviate localized concentration of pressure. For example, if the elastic layer is applied to a curved pattern or a pattern structure with non-uniform thickness, uniform pressure can be transmitted to the entire surface.

[0082] In some embodiments of the present invention, the inclusion of an elastic layer can relieve local overpressure and improve the shape retention of a three-dimensional pattern structure. The elastic layer deforms when pressure is applied, thereby dispersing the pressure to conform to the protrusions or irregularities of the waste vinyl. The elastic layer may be selected from a material with excellent heat resistance and resilience to enable repeated use. For example, a silicone pad is inserted into the mold so that the protrusions of the twist pattern are not compressed and the original three-dimensional shape is maintained.

[0083] In some embodiments of the present invention, the cooling step (130) may be a step of performing a cooling process on the waste vinyl after the heat pressing step to form a molded body in which the three-dimensional pattern structure is maintained. The cooling step (130) may cool the waste vinyl softened in the heat pressing step to a target temperature to fix the three-dimensional pattern structure so that it is not deformed. The cooling step (130) may control heat transfer until the waste vinyl is sufficiently cooled within the mold. For example, cooling water may be circulated through the cooling channels of the mold to uniformly lower the temperature of the waste vinyl.

[0084] According to some embodiments, the cooling step (130) can stably fix the three-dimensional pattern structure maintained in the heat-pressing step by cooling the waste vinyl in a softened state. The cooling step (130) can prevent shrinkage or deformation of the pattern by adjusting the cooling speed in consideration of the viscoelastic properties of the waste vinyl. The cooling step (130) can gradually lower the temperature according to a set cooling curve by monitoring the surface temperature and internal temperature of the mold in real time. For example, the cooling speed can be adjusted in stages to prevent internal stress or cracks that may occur during rapid cooling.

[0085] According to some embodiments, the cooling step (130) can fix the shape of the three-dimensional pattern structure and ensure the appearance and structural stability of the molded body. The cooling step (130) can minimize the temperature difference between the outside and inside of the molded body to ensure uniform shrinkage throughout. The cooling step (130) can control the time and temperature so that the surface of the molded body hardens first and then gradually cools to the inside. For example, the temperature distribution of the mold can be maintained uniformly so that the protrusions or curved surfaces of the three-dimensional pattern structure are not deformed.

[0086] In some embodiments of the present invention, the cooling step (130) can relieve internal stress and stabilize the dimensions of the molded body. The cooling step (130) can gradually relieve residual stress generated during the heat pressing step, thereby preventing dimensional changes or warping of the molded body. The cooling step (130) can secure sufficient time until the molded body is completely cured within the mold. For example, in the case of a thick molded body, the cooling time can be extended to ensure complete cooling to the interior.

[0087] In some embodiments of the present invention, the cooling step (130) may be performed in various ways, and cooling conditions may be set considering the quality and pattern retention of the molded body. The cooling step (130) may be implemented in at least one of natural convection, forced convection, contact cooling, or cooling fluid circulation. The cooling method and time of the cooling step (130) may be adjusted according to the thickness, pattern shape, and material characteristics of the molded body. For example, when a complex three-dimensional pattern structure is formed, the arrangement of cooling channels within the mold may be optimized to make the heat distribution uniform.

[0088] In some embodiments of the present invention, the cooling step (130) may be performed while maintaining a state in which heat and pressure are applied. The cooling step (130) may maintain internal pressure while the mold is closed to suppress the expansion or contraction of the molded body during cooling. The cooling step (130) may maintain the pressure applied during the heat-pressure step for a certain period of time and then gradually reduce the pressure to increase the shape stability of the molded body. For example, a constant pressure may be continuously applied until cooling is completed using a clamping device of the mold.

[0089] According to some embodiments, the cooling step (130) can suppress shape restoration phenomena or springback that may occur due to the viscoelastic properties of waste vinyl, and ensure that the three-dimensional pattern structure is stably maintained in the molded body. The cooling step (130) can be controlled so that the viscoelastic restoring force decreases as the temperature drops after the pattern is fixed by pressure inside the mold while the waste vinyl is in a softened state. The cooling step (130) can set the mold opening time to after the strength of the molded body is sufficiently secured so that springback does not occur. For example, the pressure and temperature can be maintained inside the mold until the surface hardness of the molded body reaches a target value.

[0090] According to some embodiments, the cooling step (130) may be performed in at least one of natural cooling or forced cooling. Natural cooling involves bringing the mold into contact with external air to gradually lower the temperature, thereby minimizing the generation of internal stress. Forced cooling involves circulating cooling water through cooling channels within the mold to lower the temperature of the molded body in a short period of time. For example, in the case of large molded bodies or complex pattern structures, the total cooling time can be shortened through forced cooling.

[0091] In some embodiments of the present invention, the cooling step (130) may be performed until the molded body has a strength that allows it to be separated from the mold. The cooling step (130) may continue cooling until the surface hardness and internal strength of the molded body reach target values. The cooling step (130) may measure the temperature and strength of the molded body in real time using a sensor inside the mold. For example, if the temperature of the center of the molded body drops below a set value, the mold may be opened to separate the molded body.

[0092] In some embodiments of the present invention, the cooling step (130) ensures quality by allowing the molded body to cool sufficiently within the mold so that no deformation or damage occurs upon separation. The cooling step (130) can prevent external defects or damage to the molded body by opening the mold when both the surface and the interior of the molded body are hardened. The cooling step (130) can continue cooling until the molded body shrinks within the mold and becomes easy to release. For example, when shrinkage is complete to the extent that the outline of the molded body separates from the mold cavity, the molded body can be separated using an automatic ejector.

[0093] In some embodiments of the present invention, the cooling step (130) can suppress the springback phenomenon caused by the viscoelastic properties of the waste vinyl, thereby ensuring that the three-dimensional pattern structure is stably maintained in the molded body. The cooling step (130) can cool the waste vinyl while maintaining pressure within the mold, and open the mold after the viscoelastic restoring force has sufficiently decreased. The cooling step (130) can strictly manage the temperature and pressure conditions at the end of cooling to minimize the possibility of springback. For example, cooling can be continued until the difference between the surface and internal temperatures of the molded body is 5°C or less.

[0094] In some embodiments of the present invention, the cooling step (130) may be performed so that the molded body can secure strength that allows it to be separated from the mold. The cooling step (130) may continue cooling until physical properties such as tensile strength, hardness, and impact resistance of the molded body reach target standards. The cooling step (130) may inspect the molded body for appearance defects, surface bubbles, or pattern loss to verify whether it meets quality standards. For example, cooling may be performed until a gloss is formed on the surface of the molded body and a three-dimensional pattern structure is clearly revealed.

[0095] According to some embodiments, the cooling step (130) may ensure that the three-dimensional pattern structure is definitively implemented in the molded body as an external feature of the ornament. The cooling step (130) may fix the protrusions, curves, overlapping parts, etc., of the three-dimensional pattern structure within the mold so that they are maintained in the designed shape. The cooling step (130) may verify whether the external appearance of the molded body meets the design requirements of the final ornament. For example, cooling may be continued until various three-dimensional pattern structures, such as twist patterns, overlapping patterns, and array patterns, are clearly implemented on the surface of the molded body.

[0096] In some embodiments of the present invention, the post-processing and finishing step (140) may include polishing, polishing, edge processing, and hole processing to improve the appearance quality and usability of the molded body. The post-processing and finishing step (140) may polish the surface of the molded body to remove fine scratches or unevenness. The post-processing and finishing step (140) may increase the surface reflectivity of the molded body and improve visual aesthetics through polishing. The post-processing and finishing step (140) may round the edges to remove sharp parts. The post-processing and finishing step (140) may drill holes for connecting ornaments to enable connection with various decorative parts such as earrings, pendants, rings, and bracelets. For example, polishing may be performed using abrasive paper, a polishing wheel, or a fine particle abrasive, and polishing may be achieved by applying a resin or silicone-based polish. Edge processing may be formed into a curved surface using a sanding tool or heat treatment equipment, and hole processing may be performed using drilling equipment to drill according to the designed position and diameter.

[0097] In some embodiments of the present invention, the post-processing and finishing step (140) can finally adjust the surface condition, corner shape, decorative connection structure, etc. of the molded body. The post-processing and finishing step (140) can measure the surface roughness of the molded body and repeat the polishing and buffing process until a target level is reached. The post-processing and finishing step (140) can adjust the radius of curvature of the corners to the design standard to minimize skin irritation when worn. The post-processing and finishing step (140) can precisely process the position and size of the holes for decorative connection according to the product design drawing. For example, the surface condition can be evaluated using a gloss meter or a surface roughness meter, and the corner shape can be verified using a 3D measuring device. The decorative connection structure can be drilled using automated equipment by specifying the drilling location based on a CAD drawing.

[0098] According to some embodiments, the polishing and buffing step can improve the appearance quality by smoothing the surface of the molded body and imparting gloss. The polishing and buffing step can remove fine irregularities on the surface using a polishing tool. The polishing and buffing step can increase the surface reflectivity and reduce light scattering by applying a polishing agent. The polishing and buffing step can be performed repeatedly until the target quality standard is reached by measuring the smoothness and gloss of the surface. For example, polishing can be performed in stages using 400 to 2000 grit abrasives or a diamond polishing pad. Gloss can be achieved by applying a silicone, resin, or wax-based polishing agent to the surface after polishing.

[0099] According to some embodiments, the polishing and buffing step can remove fine defects on the surface and enhance the aesthetics of the final product. The polishing and buffing step can remove scratches, bubbles, or foreign substances present on the surface. The polishing and buffing step can ensure uniform gloss on the surface, thereby maintaining consistent appearance quality of the product. For example, if there are many fine defects, the defects can be gradually removed by using low-particle abrasives and high-particle abrasives sequentially. To improve aesthetics, the surface can be finished with a microfiber cloth after applying the polish.

[0100] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the polishing and buffing step, the surface roughness of the molded body can be adjusted to a target level using a polishing tool or an abrasive. The polishing and buffing step can measure the surface roughness (Ra) and adjust it to a value below a designed reference value. The polishing and buffing step can finely control the surface roughness by adjusting the particle size of the abrasive, the polishing speed, the pressure, etc. For example, if the target surface roughness is Ra 0.2 μm, the surface can be finished using fine abrasive paper of 2000 grit or higher and a low-speed polisher.

[0101] According to some embodiments, surface roughness control can affect the tactile feel, gloss uniformity, and subsequent quality of decorative layer attachment of the product. Surface roughness control can soften the tactile feel experienced by the user when wearing the product. Surface roughness control can ensure uniformity of surface reflectance when applying a gloss agent. Surface roughness control can increase adhesion so that decorative layers, such as mother-of-pearl or resin, are uniformly attached to the surface. For example, if the surface roughness is high, the decorative layer may lift or peel off, so it can be processed to be sufficiently smooth during the polishing and buffing stages.

[0102] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the polish selection step, a polish suitable for the material characteristics of the molded body can be selected to improve the surface reflectivity and durability. The type of polish in the polish selection step may vary depending on whether the molded body is made of a single waste vinyl material or a polymer composite material. The composition of the polish in the polish selection step may be determined according to required durability characteristics, such as water resistance, abrasion resistance, and chemical resistance. For example, a silicone-based polish may be applied to a single waste vinyl molded body, and a resin-based polish may be applied to a polymer composite molded body.

[0103] According to some embodiments, the polish may be selected from various compositions such as resin, silicone, and wax, and the polishing effect may vary depending on the application method. The polish may be provided in various forms, such as liquid, paste, or spray. The polish can be applied to a surface using various application tools, such as brushes, sponges, or sprayers. For example, wax-based polishes can be applied by rubbing with hands, while silicone-based polishes can be uniformly sprayed. Depending on the application method, the durability of the gloss, the slipperiness of the surface, and the depth of the gloss may vary.

[0104] According to some embodiments, the edge and hole processing step may be a step of processing the edge shape of the molded body and the hole structure for connecting the decoration. The edge and hole processing step may round the edges along the outline of the molded body. The edge and hole processing step may drill a hole at a designed location using a drilling device. For example, a molded body for earrings may have a hole with a diameter of 1 mm at the top, and a molded body for pendants may have a hole with a diameter of 2 mm at the center.

[0105] In some embodiments of the present invention, the edge and hole processing step can ensure the safety, comfort, and decorative connection function of the product. The edge and hole processing step can prevent damage or discomfort during use by removing sharp edges. The edge and hole processing step can enable connection with various decorative parts by adjusting the position and size of the holes. For example, for molded bodies for rings or bracelets, the edges of the parts that come into contact with the skin when worn can be processed into curved surfaces to enhance comfort. Holes for connecting decorations can be drilled according to design standards to allow connection with metal rings, chains, hooks, etc.

[0106] In some embodiments of the present invention, the edge rounding step can process the sharp edges of the molded body into a curved or curved shape to prevent damage or discomfort during use. The edge rounding step can reduce the angle of the edge and impart curvature using a grinding tool. The edge rounding step can smooth the edge surface using a sanding tool. The edge rounding step can locally heat the edge portion using heat treatment equipment to deform it into a curved surface. For example, a curved surface with a radius of curvature of 0.5 mm or more can be formed to prevent skin irritation when worn.

[0107] According to some embodiments, edge rounding may be performed using at least one of a grinding tool, a sanding tool, or a heat treatment method. The grinding tool may include a rotary grinder, a hand grinder, or a fine grinding rod. The sanding tool may use sandpaper of various grit sizes or sanding sponges. The heat treatment method may soften the edge portion and form it into a curved surface using a hot air blower, an infrared heater, or a local heating device. For example, complex curved edges can be precisely machined by combining heat treatment and grinding.

[0108] According to some embodiments, in the drilling step for connecting ornaments, holes for connecting ornaments such as earrings, pendants, rings, and bracelets can be drilled in the molded body. In the drilling step for connecting ornaments, holes can be machined at designed locations using a drill bit or a laser drill. In the drilling step for connecting ornaments, the diameter, depth, and location of the holes can be set differently depending on the product type. For example, holes for earrings can be drilled with a diameter of 0.8 to 1.2 mm, and holes for pendants can be drilled with a diameter of 1.5 to 2.5 mm.

[0109] In some embodiments of the present invention, the drilling for decorative connection can be adjusted according to the product design, such as the position, diameter, and depth of the hole, to enable connection with various decorative parts. The drilling for decorative connection can be performed precisely using automated drilling equipment based on CAD drawings. The drilling for decorative connection can further polish the edges of the hole to prevent damage caused by friction when connecting metal rings or chains. For example, a molded body for a ring or bracelet can have a through hole machined inside to allow the insertion of an elastic band or wire.

[0111] FIG. 2 shows another example of a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a decorative item using waste vinyl according to one embodiment, and FIGS. 3a to 6c are drawings for explaining each step of a method for manufacturing a decorative item using waste vinyl. Specifically, FIGS. 3a and 3b are drawings for explaining a rolling method according to one embodiment, FIGS. 4a and 4b are drawings for explaining a first heat pressing step according to one embodiment, FIG. 5 shows cut waste vinyl according to one embodiment, and FIGS. 6a to 6c are drawings for explaining a second heat pressing step according to one embodiment.

[0112] In one embodiment, the three-dimensional pattern structure forming step (110) is a step prior to heat pressing (e.g., secondary heat pressing) for fixing the pattern structure, and may include a pattern structure forming step (210), a primary heat pressing step (110), and a cutting step (230). Additionally, the heat pressing step (120) and the cooling step (130) of FIG. 1 may correspond to the secondary heat pressing step (120) and the cooling step (130) of FIG. 2, respectively. That is, it is obvious that the specific details regarding the heat pressing step (120) and the cooling step (130) described in FIG. 1 can be applied substantially identically to the secondary heat pressing step (120) and the cooling step (130).

[0113] Referring to FIGS. 3a and 3b, in one embodiment, the pattern structure forming step (210) may be a step of forming a three-dimensional pattern structure on waste vinyl through a rolling method of rolling and laminating waste vinyl in the longitudinal direction. In this case, the waste vinyl may be prepared with a predetermined width and length after washing and drying, and by rolling the waste vinyl to form a multi-layer laminated structure, a curved, concentric, or irregular texture may be formed on the cut cross-section or outer surface. Additionally, the rolling direction, rolling diameter, lamination density, and tension conditions may affect the shape and clarity of the formed pattern structure. In this case, the waste vinyl may be prepared with a predetermined width and length after washing and drying, and by rolling the waste vinyl to form a multi-layer laminated structure, a curved, concentric, or irregular texture may be formed on the cut cross-section or outer surface. In addition, the rolling direction, curl diameter, stacking density, and tension conditions may affect the shape and clarity of the formed pattern structure. The rolling process can be observed through Fig. 3a, and the waste vinyl after rolling can be observed through Fig. 3b.

[0114] Referring to FIGS. 4a and 4b, in one embodiment, the first heat pressing step (220) may be a step of applying heat and pressure to increase density by compressing waste vinyl rolled by a rolling method in the pattern structure forming step (210). At this time, the first heat pressing step (220) may be performed by a heat pressing device, and the heat pressing device may include a heating plate and a pressure plate. In addition, the heat pressing conditions in the first heat pressing step (220) may be set to induce interlayer adhesion and densification by reducing internal voids while suppressing the excessive flow of waste vinyl and the collapse of the pattern structure. For example, the heat pressing temperature may be set in the range of 140°C to 200°C, and the pressing time may be set in the range of 10 seconds to 20 seconds, and the pressing time or pressure may be varied depending on the thickness or degree of lamination of the waste vinyl. Through Fig. 4a, the preparation process before heat pressing waste vinyl rolled by the rolling method through a heat pressing device can be seen, and through Fig. 4b, the waste vinyl after the first heat pressing is completed can be seen.

[0115] Referring to FIG. 5, in one embodiment, the cutting step (230) may be a step of cutting the rolled waste vinyl, on which the first heat pressing step (110) has been performed, into a predetermined length or a predetermined shape. At this time, the waste vinyl cut through the cutting step (230) may be provided in the form of a preform suitable for the cavity shape and size of the mold used in the subsequent second heat pressing step (120). Additionally, the cutting step (230) may expose the cross-sectional pattern of the rolled laminate so that the decorative texture is more clearly realized. The cut waste vinyl can be seen through FIG. 5.

[0116] Referring to FIGS. 6a to 6c, in one embodiment, the second heat pressing step (120) may be a step of forming a final shape and maintaining the three-dimensional pattern structure by applying heat and pressure while the waste vinyl cut in the cutting step (230) is placed inside the mold. At this time, in the second heat pressing step (120), the outer shape of the molded body may be determined according to the cavity shape of the mold, and at the same time, the heat pressing conditions may be controlled so that the pattern structure formed by the rolling method is maintained inside or on the surface of the final molded body. In addition, the heat pressing conditions in the second heat pressing step (120) may be set to a relatively higher pressure and / or higher temperature than the first heat pressing step (110), and a buffer layer may be interposed between the mold and the waste vinyl as needed. Figure 6a shows waste vinyl placed inside a mold before secondary heat pressing, Figure 6b shows the preparation process for secondary heat pressing, and Figure 6c shows waste vinyl after secondary heat pressing is completed.

[0117] In one embodiment, the cooling step (130) may be a step of cooling the molded waste vinyl after the second heat-pressing step (120) is performed to stabilize the molded body while maintaining the pattern structure. At this time, the cooling step (130) may be performed by maintaining cooling for a certain period of time within the mold, or by air cooling or water cooling after being ejected from the mold. Additionally, the cooling step (130) may be performed while maintaining the pressurized state to suppress warping or cracking caused by residual stress that may occur immediately after heat-pressurization.

[0119] FIG. 7a is an example of a molded body having mother-of-pearl or resin formed on its surface according to one embodiment, and FIG. 7b and FIG. 7c are examples of decorative items using waste vinyl according to one embodiment.

[0120] Referring to FIGS. 7a through 7c, according to some embodiments, the resin material may be one or more of a plurality of resin materials having at least one of different colors or transparencys. The resin material may be selected in various colors such as red, blue, and green. The resin material may have different transparencys such as transparent, translucent, and opaque. The resin material may be arranged in combination of multiple colors or transparencys within the same molded body. For example, by arranging transparent resin materials and opaque resin materials in a layered or mixed structure, colorful color effects and a sense of depth can be imparted to the appearance of the molded body. The color and transparency of the resin material may be selectively combined during the placement stage within the mold. When bonded with the waste vinyl molded body, the resin material can diversify the visual characteristics of the ornament through color contrast or harmony. The resin material may be manufactured in a desired color by adding coloring agents or pigments. The resin material can control the transmission, scattering, and reflection of light according to its optical properties. The combination of colors and transparencys of the resin material can be utilized to customize the appearance design of the final ornament.

[0121] According to some embodiments, a decorative layer comprising at least one of mother-of-pearl or resin can be formed on the surface of a molded body. By attaching mother-of-pearl to the surface of the molded body, a pearlescent luster and colorful color variations can be achieved. By applying or laminating resin to the surface of the molded body, a transparent or translucent protective layer and decorative effects can be imparted to the surface. By combining mother-of-pearl and resin, the three-dimensional patterns of the mother-of-pearl and the gloss of the resin can be achieved simultaneously. For example, by arranging pieces of mother-of-pearl on the surface of the molded body and then applying resin, a decorative layer can be formed in which the mother-of-pearl is embedded within the resin. The decorative layer can add unique gloss, color variations, and texture effects to the appearance of the molded body. The decorative layer can achieve various visual effects depending on the thickness, arrangement method, and application method of the mother-of-pearl or resin. The decorative layer can be firmly fixed to the surface through a curing process. The decorative layer can improve the surface durability of the decorative item and protect the molded body from external impact or wear.

[0122] In some embodiments of the present invention, a resin material may be further placed together with waste vinyl within the mold. After placing the waste vinyl within the mold first, the resin material may be injected around or on top of the waste vinyl. During the heat-pressing step, the waste vinyl and the resin material are simultaneously heated and pressurized to form a molded body in which the two materials are integrated. If the viscosity of the resin material is high, the resin material can penetrate between the three-dimensional pattern structures of the waste vinyl to increase the bonding strength. Interfacial bonding with the waste vinyl can be strengthened during the curing or cooling process of the resin material. For example, waste vinyl and resin materials can be fused under heat-pressure conditions (140–200°C) to complete a structurally integrated composite molded body. The durability of the waste vinyl molded body can be improved by utilizing the physical properties of the resin material (e.g., tensile strength, impact strength). The overall strength and wear resistance of the molded body can be controlled depending on the placement position, thickness, and composition of the resin material. A surfactant or primer may be used to increase the interfacial adhesion between the waste vinyl and the resin material. An integrated molded body with a multilayer structure can be realized by injecting multiple resin materials in stages.

[0123] According to some embodiments, the resin material placement step corresponds to a step of forming a composite molded body by combining a waste vinyl molded body and a resin material. In the resin material placement step, the waste vinyl molded body and the resin material may be placed together within the same mold. The resin material placement step may proceed by injecting or laminating the resin material onto the surface or interior of the waste vinyl molded body. For example, a composite molded body with a layered structure can be realized by placing the waste vinyl molded body at the bottom of the mold and then injecting the resin material into the top. In the resin material placement step, the appearance and structural characteristics of the molded body may vary depending on the viscosity, fluidity, and placement location of the resin material.

[0124] In some embodiments of the present invention, the resin material placement step may include placing a resin material together with waste vinyl within a mold to realize a structure in which the two materials are integrated through a heat-pressing and cooling process. In the resin material placement step, after placing the waste vinyl and the resin material simultaneously within the mold, a temperature of 140°C to 200°C and pressure conditions may be applied in the heat-pressing step. In the heat-pressing process, the resin material softens and can penetrate between the three-dimensional pattern structures of the waste vinyl. In the cooling process, the two materials solidify to form an integrated structure with strengthened interfacial bonding. For example, if a transparent resin material is injected onto the waste vinyl and then subjected to heat-pressing and cooling, a composite molded body in which the waste vinyl pattern is visually exposed from the outside can be completed.

[0125] According to some embodiments, the resin material placement step can be utilized to customize the appearance, color, transparency, and structural characteristics of the final ornament. The resin material placement step can diversify the appearance design of the ornament by adjusting the color, transparency, and placement thickness of the resin material. The resin material placement step can impart colorful color effects and a sense of depth to the surface of the molded body by selectively combining resin materials having multiple colors or transparencys. For example, by alternating transparent and opaque resins, visual changes resulting from light transmission and scattering can be realized. The resin material placement step can customize structural characteristics such as the overall strength, wear resistance, and impact resistance of the molded body by adjusting the placement position and amount of the resin material.

[0126] According to some embodiments, the selection of resin material is an important step that affects the appearance and physical properties of the ornament. The resin material selection step can determine the appearance and physical properties of the ornament, such as color, transparency, gloss, and durability. In the resin material selection step, a suitable material can be selected from various resin materials, such as polycarbonate, epoxy, and acrylic, depending on the purpose. For example, polycarbonate resin material can be selected when impact resistance is required, and epoxy resin material can be used when a high-gloss effect is required.

[0127] In some embodiments of the present invention, the resin material may be one or more of a plurality of resin materials having at least one of different colors or transparencys. The resin material may be selected from a plurality of resin materials manufactured in various colors, such as red, blue, and green. The resin material may be selected from a plurality of resin materials having different transparencys, such as transparent, translucent, and opaque. The resin material may be arranged in combination of multiple colors or transparencys within the same molded body. For example, a transparent resin and an opaque resin may be arranged in a layered or mixed structure to impart colorful color effects and a sense of depth to the appearance of the molded body.

[0128] According to some embodiments, the resin material can be selected in various colors such as red, blue, and green. In addition to basic colors, the resin material can be manufactured in various colors such as yellow, black, and white. The resin material can customize the appearance of the ornament through color combinations. For example, a gradient effect or a pattern effect can be achieved by arranging the resin material in multiple colors.

[0129] According to some embodiments, resin materials may be arranged in combination of multiple colors within the same molded body. A multi-color structure may be formed by split-injecting or mixed-injecting multiple colored resin materials within the mold. The resin materials may be arranged in areas partitioned by color to create distinct color boundaries or mixed areas on the surface of the molded body. For example, red and blue resin materials may be arranged side by side to create a two-color or mixed-color effect.

[0130] In some embodiments of the present invention, the resin material may be manufactured to a desired color by adding a coloring agent or a pigment. The resin material may achieve various colors and special effects by adding organic or inorganic coloring agents, pearl pigments, fluorescent pigments, etc. The color intensity and color development characteristics of the resin material may vary depending on the concentration, type, and mixing ratio of the coloring agent. For example, a resin material to which a pearl pigment is added can achieve a pearlescent or metallic luster effect.

[0131] In some embodiments of the present invention, the resin material may have different degrees of transparency, such as transparent, translucent, or opaque. To control the transparency of the resin material, the composition of the base resin, additives, and the type and content of fillers may be adjusted. The light transmission, scattering, and reflection characteristics of the resin material may vary depending on the transparency. For example, a transparent resin material allows the waste vinyl pattern to be observed from the outside, while an opaque resin material can conceal the internal structure.

[0132] In some embodiments of the present invention, the resin material can impart a sense of depth or visual variation to the appearance of the molded body through transparency differentiation. The resin material can realize three-dimensionality, layer effects, shadow effects, etc., on the surface of the molded body through transparency differentiation. For example, by alternating transparent resin and translucent resin, visual variations resulting from light transmission and scattering can be realized. Due to transparency differentiation, the resin material can impart unique visual depth and variation to the appearance of the ornament.

[0133] According to some embodiments, the color and transparency of the resin material can be selectively combined during the placement stage within the mold. Various combinations of the color and transparency of the resin material can be achieved by injecting them separately by section within the mold or by mixing them. The combination of the color and transparency of the resin material can be customized for specific locations, such as the surface, interior, or edges of the molded body. For example, by placing a transparent resin material on the outer edge and an opaque resin material in the center, an effect can be achieved where the internal pattern is partially exposed from the outside.

[0134] In some embodiments of the present invention, the resin-waste vinyl integration result refers to forming a composite molded body in which the two materials are structurally bonded through a heat-pressing and cooling process. The resin-waste vinyl integration result may include the formation of a composite molded body with enhanced interfacial bonding by softening the resin material during the heat-pressing step and penetrating into the three-dimensional pattern structure of the waste vinyl. The resin-waste vinyl integration result may mean that the two materials solidify during the cooling step, thereby completing a structurally integrated molded body. For example, when a transparent resin material and waste vinyl are fused through heat-pressing and cooling, a composite molded body in which the waste vinyl pattern is visually exposed from the outside can be realized.

[0135] According to some embodiments, a resin material and waste vinyl can be fused under heat-pressure conditions to complete a structurally integrated molded body. The resin material and waste vinyl may undergo softening and fusion under heat-pressure conditions of 140°C to 200°C. Intermolecular bonds or mechanical bonds may be formed at the interface between the resin material and the waste vinyl. During the cooling step, the two materials solidify to complete a composite molded body with excellent durability and appearance characteristics. For example, the three-dimensional pattern structure of the waste vinyl is fixed within the resin material, thereby enabling a unique three-dimensional effect and color effect on the surface of the ornament.

[0136] According to some embodiments, combinations of color and transparency of resin materials can be utilized to customize the appearance design of the final ornament. Combinations of color and transparency of resin materials can create various color effects, gradients, and layer effects on the surface of the ornament. Combinations of color and transparency of resin materials can provide three-dimensional visual effects through combination with waste vinyl patterns. For example, by combining transparent resin with multicolored waste vinyl, an ornament can be created in which the color and pattern change depending on the transmission of light.

[0137] According to some embodiments, various color effects and three-dimensional patterns can be realized on the surface of a molded body depending on the combination of resin material and waste vinyl. The combination of resin material and waste vinyl can form vivid color contrasts, mixed colors, patterns, and three-dimensional patterns on the surface of the molded body. The combination of resin material and waste vinyl can realize various appearance effects depending on the arrangement method within the mold, color, transparency, and pattern structure. For example, by combining twisted waste vinyl with a transparent resin material, an ornament can be produced in which a three-dimensional pattern is clearly visible from the outside.

[0138] According to some embodiments, when the viscosity of the resin material is high, the resin material can penetrate between the three-dimensional pattern structures of the waste vinyl to increase the bonding strength. The viscosity and fluidity of the resin material can be controlled according to the heat pressing temperature, pressing pressure, and placement method. When the resin material penetrates into fine gaps or surface irregularities of the waste vinyl, the mechanical bonding force increases, and the bonding strength can be improved. For example, if a high-viscosity epoxy resin material is used, it can penetrate deeply into the pattern structure of the waste vinyl to achieve strong interfacial bonding.

[0139] In some embodiments of the present invention, interfacial bonding with waste vinyl can be strengthened during the curing or cooling process of the resin material. During the cooling or curing process, shrinkage stress occurs in the resin material, which can form a tight bond at the interface with the waste vinyl. The bonding quality may vary depending on the curing speed of the resin material, cooling conditions, and whether a surfactant is used. For example, if a resin material to which a curing accelerator has been added is used, interfacial bonding with waste vinyl can be formed more firmly.

[0140] According to some embodiments, the overall strength and wear resistance of the molded body can be controlled depending on the placement location, thickness, and composition of the resin material. The placement location of the resin material can be customized for various areas of the waste vinyl molded body, such as the surface, interior, and edges. The thickness of the resin material can directly affect the durability, strength, and flexibility of the molded body. The composition of the resin material (e.g., addition of fillers or reinforcing agents) can be utilized to control physical properties such as wear resistance, impact resistance, and heat resistance. For example, for decorative items requiring wear resistance, a resin material with added reinforcing fillers can be placed thickly on the surface.

[0141] According to some embodiments, the decorative layer formation step may correspond to a step of applying a decorative material to the surface of a waste vinyl molded body or a waste vinyl-resin composite molded body to impart an aesthetic finish and design characteristics. In the decorative layer formation step, decorative materials such as mother-of-pearl or resin may be selectively placed on the surface of the waste vinyl molded body or the waste vinyl-resin composite molded body. The decorative layer formation step may sequentially include multiple processes such as attachment, coating, insertion, and curing of the decorative material. For example, the decorative layer can be completed by arranging mother-of-pearl on the surface of the waste vinyl-resin composite molded body and then applying and curing resin. The decorative layer formation step can customize the aesthetic effect and texture of the final decorative item by adjusting the type, placement position, thickness, and curing conditions of the decorative material.

[0142] According to some embodiments, the decorative layer forming step can customize the visual effect and texture of the final ornament by selectively applying various decorative materials, such as mother-of-pearl or resin. The decorative layer forming step may select and apply at least one of a plurality of decorative materials, such as mother-of-pearl, resin, metal foil, or glitter. The decorative layer forming step can realize visual depth and a unique texture of the ornament by combining the color, transparency, gloss, particle size, etc., of the decorative materials. For example, three-dimensional gloss and color variation can be realized by irregularly arranging mother-of-pearl pieces and then applying transparent resin.

[0143] According to some embodiments, the decorative layer formation step may include a series of processes such as attachment, application, and curing of a decorative material. The decorative layer formation step may include the step of attaching, applying, or inserting the decorative material onto the surface of a waste vinyl molded body or a composite molded body, and then curing or fixing it. Depending on the curing method, the decorative layer formation step may select at least one method among natural curing, UV curing, and thermal curing. For example, after applying resin, it may be cured within a short time using a UV curing device.

[0144] In some embodiments of the present invention, the step of determining the type and application of decorative material may correspond to the step of determining the type and application method of decorative material, such as mother-of-pearl or resin, used to form the decorative layer. The step of determining the type and application of decorative material may select at least one of a plurality of decorative materials, such as mother-of-pearl, resin, metal foil, or glitter, according to the required characteristics of the decorative material, such as its appearance, color, gloss, and texture. The step of determining the type and application of decorative material may customize the design of the decorative material by determining the arrangement method, arrangement pattern, and application order of the decorative material. For example, a three-dimensional effect can be achieved by arranging mother-of-pearl in a linear or scattered arrangement and then covering it with resin.

[0145] According to some embodiments, the types of decorative materials and the application steps may utilize a combination of multiple decorative materials to realize various characteristics such as the appearance, color, gloss, and texture of the decorative item. The types of decorative materials and the application steps may realize complex visual effects and textures by applying mother-of-pearl and resin simultaneously or sequentially. Depending on the combination of decorative materials, the types of decorative materials and the application steps may realize various appearance characteristics such as transparency, reflectivity, and color change. For example, a multi-layered decorative layer can be formed by mixing and arranging mother-of-pearl and metal foil, followed by applying transparent resin.

[0146] According to some embodiments, mother-of-pearl can be attached to or inserted into the surface during the decorative layer formation stage to impart a unique gloss and color effect to the ornament. Mother-of-pearl can be attached to the surface of a waste vinyl molded body or a composite molded body using an adhesive or resin. The mother-of-pearl can be cut into pieces of a uniform size or irregular shapes and arranged on the surface. For example, by arranging the mother-of-pearl pieces radially or randomly, various color effects can be achieved depending on the reflection of light.

[0147] In some embodiments of the present invention, mother-of-pearl is selectively placed on the surface of a waste vinyl molded body or a composite molded body to realize the texture and unique patterns of the natural material. The mother-of-pearl can be produced by thinly slicing natural seashells, and can maintain its unique patterns and texture when attached to the surface. The mother-of-pearl can be attached directly to the surface or embedded within a resin to enhance three-dimensional effects. For example, by embedding the mother-of-pearl in a transparent resin, an effect of light scattering from within can be realized.

[0148] According to some embodiments, mother-of-pearl can be utilized as a decorative material to create a luxurious appearance for ornaments. Mother-of-pearl can be applied to the surface of various ornaments, such as high-end jewelry, pendants, and earrings. By utilizing the property of mother-of-pearl changing color depending on the angle of incidence of light, colorful visual variations can be imparted to the ornaments. For example, by attaching mother-of-pearl to a curved surface, an appearance in which reflected light varies according to the curvature can be created.

[0149] According to some embodiments, the resin may be applied by coating or injection during the decorative layer formation stage to impart a transparent or translucent protective layer and a gloss effect to the surface of the decorative item. The resin may be applied in a liquid state to the surface of a waste vinyl molded body or a composite molded body, or injected into a mold. After curing, the resin forms a transparent or translucent protective layer to protect the surface of the decorative item from external impact or contamination. For example, the resin may be applied after arranging mother-of-pearl to fix the mother-of-pearl and simultaneously impart a gloss to the surface.

[0150] In some embodiments of the present invention, the resin may be used together with other decorative materials, such as mother-of-pearl, to improve the durability and aesthetic finish of the decorative item. The resin may be applied by mixing or laminating with various decorative materials, such as mother-of-pearl, metal foil, and glitter. After curing, the resin can fix the decorative material while simultaneously improving the flatness and gloss of the surface. For example, by mixing mother-of-pearl and glitter and then applying the resin, a complex visual effect and durability can be secured simultaneously.

[0151] In some embodiments of the present invention, the resin can customize the design of the ornament by adjusting various physical properties such as color, transparency, and viscosity. The resin can be adjusted to various colors by adding coloring agents, and transparency and viscosity can also be selected according to the purpose. By adjusting the viscosity of the resin, a thin coating or a thick three-dimensional layer can be formed on the surface. For example, a convex three-dimensional pattern can be realized on the surface by using a high-viscosity resin.

[0152] In some embodiments of the present invention, the application method and curing step may include a process of attaching, applying, or inserting a decorative material onto the surface of a waste vinyl molded body or a composite molded body, and a curing or fixing process. The application method and curing step may sequentially include a physical application process, such as attachment, application, or insertion of the decorative material, and a curing or fixing process of a curable material, such as resin. The order and method of the application method and curing step may vary depending on the type of decorative material, placement location, thickness, and curing conditions. For example, a method may be applied in which mother-of-pearl is attached to the surface, resin is applied, and then cured using a UV curing device.

[0153] According to some embodiments, the application method and curing step may result in variations in the final appearance and durability of the ornament depending on the type, placement location, thickness, and curing conditions of the decorative material. The application method and curing step can customize the aesthetic finish and durability of the ornament by controlling the arrangement pattern of the decorative material, coating thickness, curing time, and temperature. Depending on the curing method, the application method and curing step may select at least one of natural curing, UV curing, and thermal curing. For example, when forming a thick resin layer, a thermal curing method may be applied to ensure uniform curing and improved durability.

[0154] According to some embodiments, the attachment and coating method may be performed by directly attaching, coating, or injecting decorative materials, such as mother-of-pearl or resin, onto the surface of a molded body. The attachment and coating method may be performed by directly attaching mother-of-pearl to the surface using an adhesive or resin, or by applying or injecting resin in a liquid state. The attachment and coating method allows for the customization of the aesthetic effect and functional characteristics of the decorative item by adjusting the position, arrangement, and thickness of the decorative material. For example, the curvature and gloss of the surface can be achieved simultaneously by arranging mother-of-pearl along a curved surface and then applying a thin layer of resin.

[0155] According to some embodiments, the attachment and coating method can customize the visual effect and functional characteristics of the ornament by adjusting the position, arrangement, and thickness of the decorative material. The attachment and coating method can realize visual depth and three-dimensionality of the ornament by finely adjusting the arrangement pattern, coating thickness, and application position of the decorative material. The attachment and coating method can form a multi-layered decorative layer by applying multiple decorative materials in a layered or mixed structure. For example, a multi-layered gloss effect can be achieved by mixing mother-of-pearl and glitter, applying them to the surface, and then covering them with transparent resin.

[0156] According to some embodiments, the attachment and coating method may be performed in at least one of a manual or automated process. The attachment and coating method may be precisely arranged by manual labor by a worker or applied to mass production using automated equipment. In an automated process, the attachment and coating method can achieve a decorative layer of consistent quality by using a robot arm, a dispenser, a curing device, etc. For example, a process may be applied in which resin is uniformly applied using an automated dispenser and cured with a UV curing device.

[0157] In some embodiments of the present invention, the cooling and curing conditions may include temperature, time, and environmental conditions in which curing or fixation occurs after a decorative material, such as resin, is applied or injected. The cooling and curing conditions can ensure the curing quality of the decorative layer by controlling environmental conditions such as the curing temperature of the resin, curing time, humidity, and UV irradiation intensity. The cooling and curing conditions may set an optimal temperature and time depending on the type, thickness, and application method of the decorative material. For example, in the case of a thick resin layer, heat curing may be performed at a temperature of 40°C for 1 to 2 hours.

[0158] In some embodiments of the present invention, cooling and curing conditions may be adjusted according to the physical properties, thickness, and application method of the decorative material, and may affect the durability and appearance quality of the decorative material. By controlling the curing time and temperature according to the viscosity of the resin, the application thickness, and the arrangement method of the decorative material, the uniformity and durability of the decorative layer can be ensured. The temperature and time of the cooling and curing conditions may be adjusted in stages to prevent surface bubbles, shrinkage, deformation, etc., caused by uneven curing. For example, a thin resin layer may be treated by natural curing at room temperature, while a thick resin layer may be treated by thermal curing or UV curing.

[0159] In some embodiments of the present invention, the cooling and curing conditions may be applied in at least one of various methods, such as natural curing, UV curing, and thermal curing. Depending on the type of resin, the cooling and curing conditions may be selected from at least one of natural curing, UV curing, and thermal curing. For UV-curing resins, the cooling and curing conditions may be completed within minutes by UV irradiation with a wavelength of 365 nm. For example, for heat-curing resins, the durability and gloss of the decorative layer can be secured by curing in an oven at 50°C for one hour.

[0160] According to some embodiments, the finished ornament can be produced using waste vinyl as the main material through various manufacturing methods. The finished ornament can be produced as a molded body by undergoing physical deformation steps such as washing, cutting, twisting, overlapping, and arranging of the waste vinyl. The finished ornament can be molded while maintaining a three-dimensional pattern structure by applying a temperature of 140°C to 200°C and stepwise pressure during the heat-pressing stage. The finished ornament can achieve shape fixation and stabilization through natural cooling or forced cooling during the cooling stage. The finished ornament can complete its final appearance by undergoing finishing treatments such as polishing, buffing, edge rounding, and drilling during the post-processing stage. For example, the waste vinyl can be twisted, placed in a mold, and then produced in the form of an earring or pendant through heat-pressing and cooling. The finished ornament can be realized in various structures, such as a waste vinyl-only molded body, a waste vinyl-resin composite, or an object with a decorative layer.

[0161] According to some embodiments, the finished ornament can realize various design characteristics in terms of appearance, color, pattern, texture, etc. The finished ornament can realize a unique appearance depending on the twisting, overlapping, and arrangement methods during the three-dimensional pattern structure formation stage. The finished ornament can realize colorful color effects through combinations of color and transparency of resin materials. The finished ornament can impart various visual textures, such as gloss, reflection, and three-dimensionality, by applying decorative layers such as mother-of-pearl or resin. For example, a multi-layered decorative structure can be formed by irregularly arranging mother-of-pearl pieces and then applying transparent resin. The finished ornament can realize a smooth texture and a luxurious appearance through surface polishing and glossing.

[0162] According to some embodiments, the final product types may be classified into single-product waste vinyl molded bodies, waste vinyl-resin composite products, and products with decorative layers. Single-product waste vinyl molded bodies can be manufactured by forming a three-dimensional pattern structure using only waste vinyl, followed by heat pressing and cooling. Waste vinyl-resin composite products can be realized as an integrated structure by arranging waste vinyl and polymer resin together and then heat pressing and cooling. Products with decorative layers can achieve additional appearance effects by attaching or applying decorative materials, such as mother-of-pearl or resin, to the surface of the waste vinyl molded body or composite. For example, products with decorative layers can be manufactured by arranging mother-of-pearl on the surface of a waste vinyl-resin composite and applying and curing resin.

[0163] According to some embodiments, the final product type may have various appearances and structures depending on the applied manufacturing process and decoration method. The appearance of the final product type may vary depending on the method of forming a three-dimensional pattern structure, the type of resin material, and whether a decorative layer is applied. The structural characteristics of the final product type, such as thickness, curvature, and surface texture, may vary depending on the shape of the mold, heat-pressing conditions, and cooling method. For example, even when using the same waste vinyl material, products with completely different designs can be realized depending on the density of the twist pattern, the transparency of the resin, and the combination of the decorative layer.

[0164] According to some embodiments, the finished ornament can be realized in the form of various accessories such as earrings, pendants, rings, and bracelets. The finished ornament can be manufactured to fit various accessory types, such as earrings, pendants, rings, and bracelets, by adjusting the shape and size of the mold. The finished ornament can form holes that can be combined with loops, chains, and decorative parts through a drilling process. For example, an ornament for earrings can achieve a unique appearance by combining a 2- or 3-twist pattern with mother-of-pearl and resin decorations. A pendant can be used as a necklace by combining a metal loop with the same pattern structure. Rings and bracelets can be manufactured to be worn on the finger or wrist by molding a waste vinyl molded body or composite to fit the curvature.

[0165] In some embodiments of the present invention, earrings, pendants, rings, bracelets, etc., may have various designs depending on the embodiment, such as the three-dimensional pattern structure of waste vinyl, resin bonding, and the application of a decorative layer. Earrings, pendants, rings, bracelets, etc., may achieve different appearances depending on the twisting, overlapping, and arrangement methods during the three-dimensional pattern structure formation stage. Earrings, pendants, rings, bracelets, etc., may have various visual effects depending on the combination of color, transparency, and gloss of the resin material. Earrings, pendants, rings, bracelets, etc., may add three-dimensionality, reflective effects, and color variations by applying a decorative layer such as mother-of-pearl or resin. For example, a ring may achieve a luxurious texture by molding a waste vinyl-resin composite to the curvature and then applying mother-of-pearl and resin to the surface.

[0166] According to some embodiments, the ornament may be manufactured using waste vinyl through a manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The ornament may be manufactured by sequentially undergoing a series of processes such as washing, cutting, pattern formation, heat pressing, cooling, and post-processing of the waste vinyl. According to claim 1, the ornament may be made into jewelry by twisting the waste vinyl, patterning it with heat pressing, and cooling. According to claim 2, the ornament may be molded by setting the heat pressing temperature of the waste vinyl to a range of 140°C to 200°C. According to claim 3, at least one method among twisting, overlapping, and arrangement may be applied during the step of forming a three-dimensional pattern structure. According to claims 4 and 5, the ornament may be integrated by placing the waste vinyl and a polymer and then heat pressing, and various appearances may be realized by combining the color and transparency of the polymer. According to claim 6, decorative materials such as mother-of-pearl or resin may be applied during the step of forming a decorative layer. For example, an ornament can be completed by arranging mother-of-pearl on the surface of a waste vinyl-resin composite and applying and curing a transparent resin.

[0167] According to some embodiments, a Category 1 standalone product can be realized by a manufacturing method in which waste vinyl is twisted into a specific shape, patterned by heat and pressure, and then produced into jewelry after cooling. The Category 1 standalone product can be formed by washing and cutting the waste vinyl, forming a twist pattern, and placing it in a mold. The Category 1 standalone product can be molded while maintaining a three-dimensional pattern structure by applying a temperature of 140°C to 200°C and stepwise pressure during the heat and pressure stage. The Category 1 standalone product can achieve shape fixation and stabilization through natural cooling or forced cooling during the cooling stage. The Category 1 standalone product can be completed as a final piece of jewelry through post-processing such as polishing, buffing, and edge rounding. For example, a molded waste vinyl body with a twist pattern applied can be produced in the form of earrings or pendants.

[0168] According to some embodiments, Category 2 composite products can be realized by a manufacturing method in which waste vinyl and a polymer are placed, integrated by heat-pressing, and then produced as jewelry after cooling. Category 2 composite products can be created by washing, cutting, and forming a twist pattern of waste vinyl, and then placing it in a mold together with a polymer resin. Category 2 composite products can achieve various visual effects by selecting the color and transparency of the polymer. Category 2 composite products can apply a temperature of 140°C to 200°C and stepwise pressure during the heat-pressing stage to integrate the waste vinyl and the polymer. Category 2 composite products can stably fix the integrated structure during the cooling stage. Category 2 composite products can be produced into various accessories such as earrings, pendants, rings, and bracelets through post-processing such as polishing, buffing, and drilling. For example, a multi-layered pendant can be realized by combining a transparent polymer and waste vinyl.

[0169] In some embodiments of the present invention, a Category 3 decorative layer applied product may be realized by a manufacturing method comprising the step of decorating the surface of jewelry manufactured in a Category 1 or Category 2 manner with mother-of-pearl and resin. A Category 3 decorative layer applied product may have mother-of-pearl pieces arranged on the surface of a waste vinyl molded body or a waste vinyl-resin composite. A Category 3 decorative layer applied product may form a decorative layer by applying and curing a transparent resin after arranging the mother-of-pearl. A Category 3 decorative layer applied product may achieve various visual effects by adjusting the thickness of the decorative layer, the mother-of-pearl arrangement pattern, and the gloss and transparency of the resin. A Category 3 decorative layer applied product may maximize surface smoothness and reflective effects through polishing and buffing treatments. For example, earrings or rings with three-dimensionality and color variations may be produced by applying a decorative layer combining mother-of-pearl and resin.

[0170] Although the embodiments have been described above with reference to the limited drawings, those skilled in the art can apply various technical modifications and variations based thereon. For example, suitable results may be achieved even if the described techniques are performed in a different order than described, and / or if the components of the described system, structure, device, circuit, etc. are combined or assembled in a form different from described, or replaced or substituted by other components or equivalents.

[0171] Therefore, other implementations, other embodiments, and equivalents to the claims also fall within the scope of the claims set forth below.

Claims

Claim 1 A method for manufacturing an ornament using waste vinyl, comprising: a step of forming a three-dimensional pattern structure on the waste vinyl through a rolling method of rolling and laminating the waste vinyl in the longitudinal direction; a step of performing a first heat pressing on the waste vinyl rolled by the rolling method to compress the waste vinyl and increase its density; a step of cutting the waste vinyl subjected to the first heat pressing to a predetermined length; a step of performing a second heat pressing to maintain the three-dimensional pattern structure while the cut waste vinyl is placed in a mold; and a step of forming a molded body in which the three-dimensional pattern structure is maintained by performing a cooling process on the waste vinyl subjected to the second heat pressing. Claim 2 A manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the step of performing the secondary heat pressurization is performed for 10 to 20 seconds in a temperature range of 140℃ to 200℃. Claim 3 A manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the step of performing the secondary heat pressing further comprises the step of placing a resin material together with the waste vinyl in the mold, and wherein the resin material is one or more of a plurality of resin materials having at least one of different colors or transparencys. Claim 4 A manufacturing method according to claim 1, further comprising the step of forming a decorative layer comprising at least one of mother-of-pearl or resin on the surface of the molded body. Claim 5 A manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the step of performing the secondary thermal pressurization comprises the step of sequentially performing a plurality of pressurization steps having different pressure levels while the pressurization direction is set to correspond to the formation direction of the three-dimensional pattern structure. Claim 6 A decorative item using waste vinyl, wherein the decorative item is manufactured through a manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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