Training Apparatus for Cognitive and Motor Response Training for the Elderly and Operating Method Thereof

Abstract

A training device for cognitive and motor response training for the elderly and a method of operating the same are disclosed. A training device according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a support structure comprising a frame structure arranged to form an upper space for the user, a drop stimulus providing module provided on the support structure and selectively releasing a drop object to drop it toward the user, a user response detection module that detects contact, capture, or positional change of the user's body in response to the drop of the drop object and generates a response signal, and a control unit that controls the operation of the drop stimulus providing module, receives the response signal from the user response detection module to determine the user response, and controls the operating state of the drop stimulus providing module based on the determination result.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a training device for cognitive and motor response training for the elderly and a method of operation thereof. More specifically, the invention relates to a training device and a method of operation thereof configured to selectively drop a falling object in the direction of a user through a falling stimulus providing module provided in a support structure, detect contact, capture, or positional change of the user's body corresponding to the falling object through a user response detection module, and control the operating state of the falling stimulus providing module based on the detected response signal, thereby repeatedly inducing the user's cognitive ability and motor response. Background Technology

[0003] With the continuous increase in the elderly population, the decline in cognitive function and motor reaction ability due to aging is emerging as a social issue directly linked to safety in daily life. In particular, the elderly may experience delayed responses to falls or sudden emergencies due to delayed judgment of visual stimuli, weakened upper limb muscle strength, reduced coordination, and decreased sense of balance; such delayed reactions act as a factor that increases the likelihood of fractures or secondary accidents. Accordingly, there is a growing demand for rehabilitation training devices and healthcare devices designed to maintain or manage physical reaction capabilities by simultaneously stimulating cognitive abilities and motor reactions.

[0004] Conventionally, reaction speed measuring devices that press a button or perform touch input in response to visual signals presented on a screen or display panel, or exercise equipment that performs simple repetitive movements, have been primarily used.

[0005] However, these devices are limited to training based on planar input or a limited range of motion, and thus cannot adequately simulate three-dimensional and sudden situations that occur in real-life environments, and have limitations in inducing spatial responses using the user's entire body. In particular, simple selection input methods rely only on fine movements of fingers or parts of the body, which presents a problem in that they are not suitable for evaluating or training whole-body coordination or instantaneous upper limb reaction abilities.

[0006] Meanwhile, some training methods utilizing sudden stimuli, such as falling objects, have been proposed. However, conventional technologies have generally applied methods where the falling structure is complex, safety is not sufficiently considered, or the user must manually collect and reposition the fallen object. In this case, since the user must repeatedly bend their waist or perform movement movements, it can place an additional burden on the elderly with reduced physical function, and problems have arisen where it is difficult to perform training for a long time or repeatedly.

[0007] Furthermore, conventional training devices often separated hardware structure and software analysis functions, limiting them to simple stimulus delivery or response measurement; they failed to adequately consider integrated processing structures capable of analyzing users' cognitive states or response characteristics, or predicting risk levels, based on collected response data. Consequently, personalized training control or continuous status management was difficult, limiting their utilization as practical healthcare solutions.

[0008] Therefore, there is a continuously being raised need for an integrated cognitive and motor response training device that provides sudden stimuli using an object falling from above the user, detects the user's physical response, and retrieves the object to enable repetitive training. Prior art literature

[0010] Korean Registered Patent No. 10-2341565 (Registered Dec. 16, 2021) The problem to be solved

[0011] The present invention aims to solve the aforementioned problems by providing a technology that resolves the issue in which it is difficult to sufficiently induce the ability to respond to sudden stimuli similar to real-life situations in an environment where physical reaction training to falling objects is performed, due to the reliance on flat reaction methods such as button input or screen touch in the past.

[0012] Furthermore, the present invention aims to resolve the problem that when using a stimulus in the form of an object falling from above the user, the conventional method requiring the user to directly collect the fallen object requires elderly users to perform repetitive waist-bending movements, thereby increasing the physical burden and making it difficult to perform continuous training.

[0013] Furthermore, the present invention aims to solve the problem in which, in a conventional training device structure where a means for providing a drop stimulus and a means for detecting a user response operate separately, the linked control for systematically detecting the user response after the stimulus is provided and adjusting the next stimulus condition according to the result is not sufficiently performed.

[0014] Furthermore, the present invention aims to provide a technology that enables the provision of a fall stimulus, detection of a response, and control to be performed in conjunction within a single device by configuring the device to selectively drop a falling object through a fall stimulus providing module provided in a support structure, detect contact, capture, or change in position of a user's body through a user response detection module, and control the operating state of the fall stimulus providing module based on the detected response signal.

[0015] Furthermore, the present invention aims to provide a technology that reduces the risk of user injury that may occur during training by configuring falling objects to be formed of a safe material, and enables elderly people with reduced physical function to participate in training without burden.

[0016] Furthermore, the present invention aims to provide a technology that reduces the inconvenience of a user having to repeatedly collect or reposition objects and enables continuous reaction training by receiving fallen objects through a recovery tray and maintaining them in a reusable state.

[0017] Furthermore, the present invention aims to provide a technology that is configured to enable installation and operation even in facility environments used by multiple users, facilitating expansion into multi-person training environments, and provides training information that can be utilized for evaluating or managing the user's cognitive state based on response data obtained during the training process.

[0018] The problem to be solved by this specification is not limited to what is described above, but can be extended to various matters that can be derived from the embodiments of the invention described below. means of solving the problem

[0020] A training device for cognitive and motor response training for the elderly according to one embodiment of the present invention may include: a support structure (110) comprising a frame structure arranged to form an upper space for the user; a drop stimulus providing module (120) provided on the support structure (110) and selectively releasing a drop object to drop it toward the user; a user response detection module (130) that detects contact, capture, or position change of the user's body in response to the drop object and generates a response signal; and a control unit (140) that controls the operation of the drop stimulus providing module (120), receives the response signal from the user response detection module (130) to determine the user's response, and controls the operating state of the drop stimulus providing module (120) based on the determination result.

[0021] A method of operation for a training device for cognitive and motor response training for the elderly according to another embodiment of the present invention may include: dropping a falling object toward a user through a falling stimulus providing module provided in a support structure; generating a response signal by detecting contact, capture, or positional change of the user's body corresponding to the falling object through a user response detection module; and a control unit receiving the response signal, determining the user response, and controlling the operating state of the falling stimulus providing module based on the determination result. Effects of the invention

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a falling object is configured to fall selectively from above the user toward the user through a falling stimulus providing module provided in a support structure, and a user response detection module is configured to detect contact or grasping motions of the user's body corresponding to the falling object, thereby providing the advantage of enabling physical response training to sudden stimuli similar to real-life environments, unlike button input or touch methods.

[0024] In addition, according to the present invention, by configuring the user to perform the action of catching a falling object with their hand, training utilizing upper limb coordination ability and instantaneous reaction ability is performed, which has the advantage of simultaneously stimulating the cognitive function and motor reaction ability of the elderly.

[0025] In addition, according to the present invention, since the drop stimulus providing module, the user response detection module, and the control unit are configured to operate in conjunction within a single device, there is an advantage that stimulus provision and response detection are performed continuously, allowing repetitive training to be carried out stably.

[0026] In addition, according to the present invention, since the dropped object is configured to be received through a recovery tray, the user does not have to bend over or move to collect the object directly, which has the advantage of allowing even elderly people with reduced physical function to continuously perform training without burden.

[0027] In addition, according to the present invention, since the falling object is configured to be formed of a safe material such as a silicone ball or a fiber doll, it has the advantage of mitigating the impact that may occur during the training process, thereby reducing the risk of injury and allowing elderly users to use it safely.

[0028] In addition, according to the present invention, since user response signals obtained during the training process are configured to be stored and managed, changes in response characteristics due to repeated training can be verified, thereby providing the advantage of providing information that can be utilized to manage the user state.

[0029] In addition, according to the present invention, since the device configuration is formed with a relatively simple structure, it can be installed in various places such as homes, welfare centers, or nursing facilities, and thus has the advantage of being applicable to group training environments targeting multiple elderly people.

[0030] It should be understood that the effects of this specification are not limited to the matters described above and can be extended to various contents that can be derived from the detailed description of the embodiments of the invention below. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0032] FIG. 1 is a drawing illustrating the overall configuration of a training device (100) for cognitive and motor response training for the elderly according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the detailed configuration of a support structure (110) according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a drawing illustrating a structure in which a support structure (110) according to one embodiment of the present invention extends or contracts in the vertical direction to adjust its height. FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating the detailed configuration of a drop stimulus providing module (120) according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the detailed configuration of a control unit (140) according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating the operation flow of a user response analysis method based on a cognitive delay gap according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating the operation flow of a falling stimulus control method synchronized with a music rhythm according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a usage state in which a training device according to one embodiment of the present invention is placed in an actual training environment, and a game-type training is performed in which an elderly person catches a falling object falling from above while standing or sitting. FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating the entire process of an operation method of a training device for cognitive and motor response training for the elderly according to one embodiment of the present invention. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0033] In describing the embodiments of this specification, if it is determined that a detailed description of known configurations or functions could obscure the essence of the embodiments of this specification, such detailed description is omitted. Furthermore, parts of the drawings unrelated to the description of the embodiments of this specification have been omitted, and similar parts are denoted by similar reference numerals.

[0034] In the embodiments of this specification, when a component is described as being "connected," "combined," or "joined" with another component, this may include not only a direct connection but also an indirect connection in which another component exists in between. Furthermore, when a component is described as "comprising" or "having" another component, unless specifically stated otherwise, this means that it may include additional components rather than excluding the other component.

[0035] In the embodiments of this specification, terms such as first, second, etc. are used solely for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another component and do not limit the order or importance of the components unless specifically stated otherwise. Accordingly, within the scope of the embodiments of this specification, the first component in an embodiment may be referred to as the second component in another embodiment, and likewise, the second component in an embodiment may be referred to as the first component in another embodiment.

[0036] In the embodiments of this specification, distinct components are intended to clearly explain their respective features and do not imply that the components are necessarily separated. That is, multiple components may be integrated to form a single hardware or software unit, or a single component may be distributed to form multiple hardware or software units. Therefore, such integrated or distributed embodiments are included within the scope of the embodiments of this specification, even if not otherwise mentioned.

[0038] FIG. 1 is a drawing illustrating the overall configuration of a training device (100) for cognitive and motor response training for the elderly according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Referring to FIG. 1, a training device (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a support structure (110), a drop stimulus providing module (120), a user response detection module (130), and a control unit (140).

[0040] The support structure (110) may include a frame structure positioned to form an upper space for the user. Specifically, this is as follows.

[0041] FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the detailed configuration of a support structure (110) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Referring to FIG. 2, the support structure (110) can function as a skeletal structure that extends upward from the floor surface where the training device (100) is installed and forms a mechanical support space in which a drop stimulus providing module (120) can be positioned in an area above the height of the user's head, and can perform the role of establishing a spatial standard so that the path of the free-falling object and the range of motion of the user's hand, arm, and upper body intersect without mutual interference. At this time, the support structure (110) is not merely a simple stand, but can function as a core structure that defines the geometric conditions of the training environment in which the drop starting point, drop distance, drop time, and user reaction location are determined in an interconnected manner.

[0043] More specifically, the support structure (110) can be formed as a single column structure, a double column structure, or a gate-type frame structure, and can be selectively applied depending on the area of ​​the installation site, ceiling height, user movement path, etc.

[0044] For example, in a home or small space, a single column-type structure may be adopted to reduce the floor occupancy area, and in environments with frequent repetitive use, such as welfare centers or nursing facilities, a double-column or gate-type frame structure may be applied to limit lateral swaying. Additionally, a horizontal support in the form of a T-shape or an overhead bar may be attached to the upper part of the frame, and a drop stimulus providing module (120) may be mounted on the horizontal support so that the falling object can be released at a predetermined position above the user.

[0045] This support structure (110) may include a telescopic column (111) formed to be able to extend or contract in a vertical direction, and an electric actuator (112) that drives the telescopic column (111) up and down.

[0046] The telescopic column (111) may be formed as a multi-stage sliding structure in which a plurality of tubular members overlap each other, and a low-friction bushing, sleeve, or guide rail may be interposed between the outer tube and the inner tube to minimize eccentricity or play during lifting operation. For example, the telescopic column (111) may be formed as a multi-stage structure of two, three, or more stages, and a stopper or mechanical locking means defining a movement limit may be formed at each stage to restrict excessive extension. Additionally, the cross-sectional shape of each stage may be formed as a circle, square, or polygon, and a key structure or guide groove may be further formed to restrict rotation.

[0047] The electric actuator (112) can function as a driving source that actively varies the length of the telescopic column (111) and can be configured as a linear driving structure including an electric motor, a reduction gear, and a linear motion conversion mechanism. More specifically, at least one of a lead screw method, a ball screw method, a rack and pinion method, a belt drive method, or a chain drive method may be applied, and the rotational force of the motor may be converted into vertical movement of the telescopic column (111) to perform a lifting operation. In addition, the electric actuator (112) may be configured to detect the current height by including a position detection sensor, a limit switch, or an encoder, and may be operated to automatically move to a target height according to a control signal from the control unit (140).

[0048] In addition, the height of the drop stimulus providing module (120) can be adjusted according to the operation of the electric actuator (112).

[0049] More specifically, the drop stimulus providing module (120) can be fixed to the top of the telescopic column (111) or to the upper horizontal support of the frame, and the drop starting position can be raised when the telescopic column (111) is extended and lowered when it is retracted. Accordingly, the drop distance, drop time, and the user's capture point can be changed, and customized drop conditions can be set corresponding to the user's height, arm length, shoulder height, sitting or standing position, and whether the user is in a wheelchair. For example, in the case of an elderly person who has difficulty bending at the waist, the height of the drop stimulus providing module (120) can be set to near chest or shoulder height so that training can be performed using only upper limb-centered capture movements, and during standing training, it can be set to a relatively high position so that hand reaching movements are induced.

[0050] Additionally, a base frame may be formed at the lower part of the support structure (110), and the base frame may be configured to secure a sufficient contact area so as not to tip over due to repeated operation of the drop stimulus providing module (120) or contact by a user. The base frame may be formed as a plate-type base, a plurality of support legs, or a movable structure equipped with casters, and may be combined with a floor anchor or a wall bracket as needed. In addition, a recovery tray may be placed around the base to naturally receive the dropped object, and the recovery position may be set to align with the user's foot position so that the object can be recovered without the user bending over.

[0051] Additionally, the support structure (110) may include an internal wiring passage so that power lines, signal lines, or sensor wiring are not exposed to the outside, and a cable carrier, winding drum, or spare loop structure may be applied so that the cable does not twist or tension is concentrated during the extension and retraction operation of the telescopic column (111). Additionally, a protective cover or bellows may be formed in the sliding section to limit the occurrence of the user's hand or clothing getting caught, and this configuration may be implemented as a hardware structure that takes into account the safety of elderly users.

[0052] Additionally, the support structure (110) may be formed to be disassembled and assembled for ease of installation and operation, and the telescopic column (111), horizontal support member, and base frame may be modularized so that they can be separated during transportation or storage. It may also be implemented as an expandable structure in which multiple support structures are arranged in parallel to form multiple drop stimulus providing modules (120), in which case simultaneous training for multiple users may be performed.

[0054] FIG. 3 is a drawing illustrating a structure in which a support structure (110) according to one embodiment of the present invention extends or contracts in the vertical direction to adjust its height.

[0055] Referring to FIG. 3, the support structure (110) may be formed as a lifting structure including a telescopic column (111) with multiple overlapping stages, and each stage of the telescopic column (111) may be connected to move relative to one another along the vertical direction so that the total length may be varied. Accordingly, when the telescopic column (111) is pulled upward, the total height of the support structure (110) may be increased, and when the telescopic column (111) is inserted downward, the total height of the support structure (110) may be decreased.

[0056] Additionally, the lifting motion of the telescopic column (111) can be performed by driving an electric actuator (112), and as the electric actuator (112) is driven, the telescopic column (111) can be extended or retracted stepwise or continuously so that the upper position where the drop stimulus providing module (120) is placed can be raised or lowered together.

[0057] In this way, the support structure (110) can be configured such that the height of the drop stimulus providing module (120) can be adjusted in response to the user's height, posture conditions, or training environment by means of a telescopic structure, and various training conditions can be formed by varying the drop starting position above the user.

[0059] Returning to FIG. 1, the drop stimulus providing module (120) is provided on the support structure (110) and can selectively release the drop object to drop it toward the user. A more detailed examination of this is as follows.

[0060] FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating the detailed configuration of a drop stimulus providing module (120) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Referring to FIG. 4, the falling stimulus providing module (120) can function as a mechanical stimulus generating unit that forms a starting point where a falling stimulus occurs within a space formed above the user, and can operate to provide a physical stimulus to the user at an unpredicted time by determining the falling time, falling position, and falling target according to a control signal from the control unit (140). Unlike simple visual or auditory stimuli, this configuration can form a training environment in which the user's attention shift, spatial awareness, and upper limb response movements are simultaneously induced by implementing a situation in which an actual object falls.

[0062] More specifically, the drop stimulus providing module (120) may include a holding part (121) that supports a plurality of drop objects, and a release part (122) that independently releases a selected drop object among the plurality of drop objects supported by the holding part (121) according to a driving signal applied from the control part (140).

[0063] The retaining member (121) can function as a support structure that stably supports the falling object at a predetermined position until it is released, and may include a plurality of mounting points or fixing parts so that a plurality of falling objects are arranged spaced apart from each other. For example, the retaining member (121) may be formed in the form of a bar extending horizontally, a rail, or a plate, and a plurality of fixing parts may be arranged in a straight line or a grid shape so that each falling object is placed at regular intervals. In addition, the retaining member (121) may be integrally coupled to the upper frame or overhead bar of the support structure (110) or detachably fastened so as to facilitate maintenance or replacement of the falling object.

[0064] The release unit (122) can function as a driving means for selectively releasing each falling object and may include a plurality of release drivers that can operate independently in correspondence with each of the plurality of falling objects. For example, the release unit (122) may be implemented as at least one of an electromagnet, a solenoid, a latch structure, a rotary clamp, a sliding pin, or a mechanical locking structure, and may operate to start the falling by switching the falling object supported by the holding unit (121) to a release state under a predetermined condition. At this time, the wiring or control circuit of each release unit (122) may be separated so that individual control is possible, so that only the falling object at a specific location among the plurality of falling objects can be selectively released.

[0065] More specifically, the release unit (122) can be operated according to a driving signal applied from the control unit (140), and the operation mode can be set to release a single falling object, release multiple falling objects simultaneously, or release sequentially with a time difference. For example, by the control unit (140) applying a driving signal only to a specific release unit (122) according to a random number-based algorithm or a preset pattern, a situation may be created where it is difficult for the user to predict the falling location. Additionally, a release signal may be applied at a certain time interval or at a time synchronized with a music rhythm so that rhythm-based training is performed.

[0066] Here, considering the safety of the user, the falling object may be formed of a shock-absorbing material such as a silicone ball, sponge ball, fiber doll, or lightweight plastic structure, and may be configured to allow for difficulty adjustment by setting various masses and sizes.

[0067] For example, large-diameter falling objects are easy to catch and can be used for beginner training, while small-diameter falling objects can be used for advanced training requiring reaction precision. Additionally, training combined with cognitive tasks may be performed by mixing falling objects of different colors, shapes, or surface textures. For instance, a cognitive task instructing the user to catch only falling objects of a specific color may be assigned, thereby allowing cognitive reaction time and motor reaction time to be evaluated simultaneously.

[0068] Additionally, multiple drop objects can be simultaneously mounted in the maintenance unit (121), so that repetitive drop stimuli can be continuously provided, and training can be performed more than a certain number of times without the user having to reload the drop objects every time. Released drop objects can be naturally received into the lower recovery tray, and the user can reload the recovered drop objects without bending their waist, thereby alleviating the physical burden on the elderly.

[0069] Additionally, the falling stimulus providing module (120) can be linked with a sound source playback device or a rhythm analysis function, and the timing of the operation of the release unit (122) can be synchronized with the beat or tempo of the music being played. In this way, when the falling stimulus is linked with an auditory stimulus, the user's attention and motor response are simultaneously induced, thereby improving the level of immersion in training. In addition, a combination of simple response stimuli and complex stimuli including cognitive tasks may be provided to implement various scenarios for measuring cognitive delay gaps.

[0070] Additionally, the drop stimulus providing module (120) may have the holding members (121) arranged in multiple rows in the left and right directions, or arranged in a circular or grid array, in order to ensure diversity of drop locations, so that the drop objects are released at different spatial coordinates, thereby inducing the user's spatial perception and direction change response together. For example, it may be set so that drops occur alternately at the left, right, or center positions, and may be configured so that multiple drop objects fall simultaneously or continuously.

[0072] The user response detection module (130) can generate a response signal by detecting contact, capture, or position change of the user's body in response to the fall of a falling object.

[0073] More specifically, the user response detection module (130) can detect whether a physical response, such as a grasping motion, a contact motion, or an avoidance motion performed by the user's hand, arm, or upper body, actually occurs after a fall occurs from the upper space by the fall stimulus providing module (120), and can generate the detection result as a response signal including time information and transmit it to the control unit (140). At this time, the user response detection module (130) is not limited to simply determining whether contact is present, but can be configured to detect multiple motion characteristics together, such as the timing of the reaction, the location of the reaction, the form of the reaction, and the duration of the reaction, and thereby, response information can be generated so that user motion response characteristics and cognitive processing delay characteristics can be analyzed.

[0074] More specifically, the user reaction detection module (130) may include a sensor configuration that sets at least one of the falling object itself, the user's body, or the space around the user as a detection target, and may be configured to ensure reliability of reaction judgment by combining a plurality of detection methods.

[0075] In one embodiment, the user response detection module (130) may include a fall object embedded detection structure that directly detects a change in the state of the fall object. For example, an accelerometer or a gyroscope may be embedded inside the fall object, and while a constant acceleration pattern may be detected during the free fall section, a sudden deceleration or change in direction may occur at the moment it is caught by the user's hand; therefore, when such a change in signal is detected, it is determined that a capture event has occurred and a response signal may be generated.

[0076] In addition, a pressure sensor or contact switch may be placed on or inside the falling object to detect a change in pressure value when a user's finger or palm comes into contact with the falling object, and the detected signal may be generated as a response signal. This structure can reliably detect contact even when the falling object is formed of a deformable material such as silicone, sponge, or fiber.

[0077] In another embodiment, the user response detection module (130) may include an inertial sensor worn on the user's body. For example, an accelerometer and a gyroscope may be included in a wristband, glove, or arm-attached device, and changes in the angular velocity and acceleration of the wrist or arm may be detected when the user raises or moves their hand rapidly in response to a falling object. A response signal may be generated when this motion pattern satisfies a preset response condition. This wearable detection method can measure not only whether a falling object is captured but also the speed of movement, distance traveled, and the start time of the response, and can be utilized for evaluating the user's physical ability.

[0078] In another embodiment, the user reaction detection module (130) may include an image-based detection structure. For example, a camera positioned in front of or above the user may capture the user's posture, and hand position, arm movement path, upper body tilt, or center of gravity shift may be extracted from the captured image. If the falling path of a falling object overlaps with the position of the user's hand, it may be determined as capture, and if the hand enters a specific area, it may be determined as a reaction. Additionally, if a camera containing depth information is applied, the three-dimensional distance change between the hand and the falling object may be calculated, allowing for more precise position-based reaction detection.

[0079] Additionally, the user response detection module (130) may include a non-contact sensor that defines a spatial area. For example, an infrared transceiver or a light blocking sensor may be placed in a predicted drop area, and when the user's hand passes through that area, a light blocking event may occur, and the event may be generated as a response signal. When multiple sensors are arranged in the height direction or left-right direction, the direction of movement of the hand or the response location may be distinguished and detected, and through this, a spatial perception response or a direction change response may be analyzed.

[0080] Additionally, the user response detection module (130) may be linked with a detection means placed in a recovery tray or a falling object receiving section to distinguish cases where the falling object falls downward without being captured. For example, if an impact or a change in load is detected at the moment the falling object reaches the recovery tray, it is determined that capture has not occurred, and a non-response signal may be generated. Conversely, if a recovery event does not occur within a certain period of time, it is determined that the user has captured the falling object, and a capture response signal may be generated. Such a configuration can be used to clearly distinguish whether capture has failed.

[0081] Additionally, the user response detection module (130) may be configured to support a training scenario that combines a simple response stimulus and a cognitive task. For example, if guidance is provided to detect only falling objects of a specific color or shape, the user response detection module (130) may generate a response signal by matching the detected response with the falling object identification information so that it is possible to distinguish whether the response meets the task conditions. Accordingly, the simple response time and the cognitive response time can be measured, and the time difference between the two responses can be analyzed to determine the degree of user cognitive processing delay.

[0082] Additionally, the user response detection module (130) may be configured to include time information in the generated response signal and may include synchronized timer or clock information so that the time difference between the time of providing the falling stimulus and the time of the response occurrence can be calculated. Through this, the trend of change in response time can be accumulated and recorded during the repetitive training process, and changes in the user's state can be quantitatively analyzed.

[0084] The control unit (140) controls the operation of the fall stimulus providing module (120), receives a response signal from the user response detection module (130) to determine the user response, and can control the operation state of the fall stimulus providing module (120) based on the result of the determination.

[0085] More specifically, the control unit (140) can function as a central control means for managing the overall operation sequence of the training device (100), and can perform a stimulus control function that determines the timing, location, frequency, and pattern of occurrence of a falling stimulus, and a response judgment function that determines user response characteristics by analyzing a response signal received from a user response detection module (130), and can perform a closed-loop control function that dynamically changes subsequent falling stimulus conditions according to the result of such judgment.

[0086] More specifically, the control unit (140) may be implemented as an electronic control circuit including one or more processors, memory, and input / output interfaces, and may be configured in the form of a microcontroller, an embedded processor, or a small computing board. The memory may store a drop stimulus control program, a response signal processing algorithm, user-specific setting information, training scenario information, and response record data, and the processor may execute these programs to control the operation of each component sequentially or in parallel.

[0087] In one embodiment, the control unit (140) can apply a driving signal to the release unit (122) of the fall stimulus providing module (120) to control a specific fall among a plurality of fall objects to be selectively released. For example, the control unit (140) can determine the release location according to a random number generation algorithm or a predefined pattern table, and can control the fall to occur at different spatial coordinates, such as left, right, or center. Additionally, the time interval between falls may be set to be maintained constant, or it may be configured to change to an irregular time interval to make it difficult for the user to predict.

[0088] Additionally, the control unit (140) can calculate reaction time information by measuring the time of operation of the fall stimulus providing module (120) and the time of receiving a reaction signal from the user reaction detection module (130), respectively. For example, the time difference between the two times can be calculated by recording the time when the fall release signal is applied as the reference time and the time when the reaction signal is received as the end time. The calculated time information can be stored as a reaction speed indicator for each user and can be accumulated during the repetitive training process to analyze the average reaction time, variance, or fluctuation trend.

[0089] Additionally, the control unit (140) can control the performance of complex training that combines simple reaction tasks and cognitive tasks. For example, the reaction time for a task of simply catching falling objects and the reaction time for a cognitive task in which only falling objects of a specific color or shape are instructed to be selectively caught can be measured, and the control unit (140) can calculate the difference between the two reaction times to analyze the degree of cognitive processing delay. The results of such analysis can be used as an indicator to determine the user's cognitive function status.

[0090] Additionally, the control unit (140) may perform stimulus control linked to music or rhythm information. For example, beat or tempo information of music output from an external sound source or an internal sound source playback unit may be analyzed, and a driving signal may be controlled to be applied to the release unit (122) at a specific point in time of the analyzed rhythm. Accordingly, a falling stimulus may be provided in synchronization with an auditory stimulus, and training may be performed in which the user's attention and motor response are simultaneously induced.

[0091] Additionally, the control unit (140) may be configured to adjust the difficulty level according to the user's condition or training progress. For example, if the reaction time is maintained below a certain standard, the drop interval may be shortened or the drop location may be diversified, and if the reaction failure rate increases, the drop interval may be extended or the number of drops may be reduced. Through such adaptive control, stepwise training tailored to the user's ability level can be performed.

[0092] Additionally, the control unit (140) can manage the training history for each user by accumulating and storing response signals received from the user response detection module (130), and indicators such as response time, number of successes, number of failures, or response deviation for each session can be recorded as data. The recorded data can be output to a display device or an external terminal so that a guardian or administrator can check the user's status, and changes in cognitive or motor functions can be determined through long-term trend analysis.

[0093] Additionally, the control unit (140) may be configured to control the electric actuator (112) of the support structure (110) together so that the height of the drop stimulus providing module (120) is automatically adjusted. For example, a target height may be set according to user height information or a training mode, and a control signal may be applied so that the electric actuator (112) performs a lifting motion to that height. Accordingly, a drop environment suitable for the user's posture conditions may be automatically formed.

[0094] Additionally, the control unit (140) may include safety control functions. For example, it may be controlled so that the falling motion is temporarily suspended if no user response is detected for a certain period of time, and may be configured so that additional falling is restricted if abnormal impact or signs of a fall are detected. Such control may be performed as a protective action considering the safety of elderly users.

[0096] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the detailed configuration of a control unit (140) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0097] Referring to FIG. 5, a control unit (140) according to one embodiment of the present invention can control the overall training processing operation of a training device (100) and may include a storage unit (141), a communication unit (142), and a processor (143).

[0098] The storage unit (141) may include a volatile storage medium and a non-volatile storage medium, and may store a control program required for performing operations of the processor (143), drop stimulus control information, response signal processing algorithm, user-specific training setting information, reaction time analysis rule, difficulty adjustment rule, rhythm synchronization control information, and training history management rule.

[0099] More specifically, the storage unit (141) may accumulate and store information on the release time of the fall stimulus providing module (120), fall location information, fall interval information, response signal information that can be received from the user response detection module (130), response occurrence time information, whether it was captured, whether it failed, spatial coordinate information, number of repeated training sessions information, and performance result information per session.

[0100] For example, the storage unit (141) may be configured to record the time of occurrence of the falling stimulus, the time of occurrence of the reaction, the calculated reaction time, the number of successes, the number of failures, the average reaction time, and the reaction deviation in chronological order for each user, and may store reaction characteristics corresponding to each session so that they can be compared when repetitive training is performed. As another example, the results of performing a cognitive task corresponding to a falling object of a specific color or shape may be stored in a separate field so that simple reaction time and cognitive reaction time are managed separately.

[0101] Additionally, the storage unit (141) may store user condition information such as user height information, whether the user is sitting or standing, and whether a wheelchair is used, and based on this information, the height setting value of the support structure (110) or the operation pattern of the drop stimulus providing module (120) may be determined. For example, a target height value, a drop interval value, or a training stage value per user may be stored in the form of a profile, and when training starts, the corresponding profile may be called to perform automatic settings.

[0102] The communication unit (142) can perform data transmission and reception between the control unit (140) and each component or external device constituting the training device (100). More specifically, the communication unit (142) can be configured to be connected to a fall stimulus providing module (120), a user response detection module (130), an electric actuator (112) of a support structure (110), a display device, an input device, or an external terminal so as to transmit and receive control signals and status information.

[0103] For example, the communication unit (142) may be configured to transmit a release drive signal to the release unit (122) of the drop stimulus providing module (120), to receive a capture signal or a position change signal from the user response detection module (130), and to transmit a lifting drive command to the electric actuator (112). Additionally, the communication unit (142) may be connected to a user terminal or a management terminal to transmit and receive training result information, response time statistics information, or setting change information.

[0104] Additionally, the communication unit (142) can be implemented in various ways, such as wired communication, wireless communication, internal bus communication, or serial communication. For example, communication between internal components can be performed via an internal bus or GPIO-based signal line, and communication with an external terminal can be performed via Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, or a wired network. As another example, when multiple sensor modules are connected simultaneously, the communication unit (142) can be configured to perform parallel data collection through a multi-channel interface.

[0105] The processor (143) is a central computing unit of the control unit (140) and can manage the overall operation sequence of the training device (100) in conjunction with the storage unit (141) and the communication unit (142). More specifically, the processor (143) can control the provision of a falling stimulus, detection of user response, calculation of response time, analysis of response results, adjustment of difficulty, and determination of the next stimulus condition to be performed sequentially or repeatedly.

[0106] For example, the processor (143) can record the release time of the drop stimulus providing module (120) and the time when a response signal is received from the user response detection module (130), calculate the time difference between the two times, and control the storage unit (141) to record the calculated time information as the response time. Additionally, it can calculate an average value or a degree of variation by accumulating multiple response times that have been repeatedly measured, and control the next drop interval or drop position to be adjusted according to the calculated result.

[0107] Additionally, the processor (143) can be controlled to distinguish between simple capture tasks and selective capture tasks requiring cognitive judgment. For example, if a condition is set to capture only specific falling objects, the processor (143) can be controlled to process only the reaction signal corresponding to the release time of the falling object as a valid reaction, thereby allowing the simple reaction time and cognitive reaction time to be calculated respectively.

[0108] Additionally, the processor (143) can control the performance of training linked to music or rhythm information. For example, the beat information of the sound source being played can be analyzed, and the release unit (122) can be controlled to operate in accordance with the timing of the corresponding beat. Accordingly, the falling stimulus is provided in synchronization with the rhythm, and the user's timing perception and movement response can be induced simultaneously.

[0109] Additionally, the processor (143) can control the drop motion to be temporarily paused if no response is detected for a certain period of time or if an abnormal motion is detected during training, and control logic can be executed to ensure user safety is prioritized. For example, if consecutive failures occur more than a certain number of times, the drop interval can be automatically increased or the training can be terminated.

[0111] In addition, in one embodiment, the training device (100) of the present invention may further include a recovery module (not shown) including a recovery tray for receiving and recovering a dropped object.

[0112] More specifically, the retrieval module can function as a receiving structure to reduce the state in which falling objects released from the upper space by the falling stimulus providing module (120) scatter disorderly onto the floor surface, and can be configured to reduce the user's repetitive waist bending motion or floor search motion by guiding falling objects to a specific location and retrieving them during the repetitive training process. In particular, since waist bending may be difficult or maintaining balance may be unstable for elderly users, the retrieval module can perform the role of maintaining safety in the training environment by reducing the state in which falling objects scatter around the user's feet or along the movement path and by ensuring that falling objects accumulate in a certain receiving space.

[0113] More specifically, the recovery module may include a recovery tray placed in the lower area of ​​the support structure (110) or in the lower area in front of the user, and the recovery tray may be formed in the shape of a container with an open top so that the falling object is naturally received, taking into account the direction of the falling object and the direction of gravity. For example, the recovery tray may be implemented in the shape of a rectangular box, a circular or elliptical container, or a pocket shape open to the front, and the planar area may be set in various ways depending on the size of the falling object and the width of the training space.

[0114] The recovery tray may have a cushioning material applied to its bottom surface to reduce rebound or bouncing upon impact with a falling object. For example, rubber, silicone, foam material, fiber mat, or a multi-layer cushioning structure may be formed on the bottom surface or inner wall of the recovery tray, and the structure may be configured to disperse the impact the moment the falling object reaches the tray. Such a cushioning structure can reduce the likelihood of the falling object escaping back out of the tray and induce the falling object to stop stably within the tray.

[0115] Additionally, the recovery tray may have a wide upper opening to accommodate deviations in the falling trajectory of the falling object, and a rim or jaw structure may be formed on the top of the tray to reduce the state of the falling object bouncing away. For example, an upwardly extended wall may be formed around the top perimeter of the tray to guide the falling object back inside even if it bounces sideways, or the upper opening may be expanded into a funnel shape to guide the falling object to gather towards the center. As another example, an inclined surface may be formed on the inside of the tray so that the falling object naturally rolls to a specific accumulation location after being received.

[0116] The retrieval module can be implemented in various configurations corresponding to the user's posture conditions. For example, when the user performs training while standing, the retrieval tray can be positioned in front of the user's feet so that falling objects are received into the space in front of the feet. When the user performs training while seated in a wheelchair or chair, the retrieval tray can be positioned in a location corresponding to the front of the wheelchair or the area below the user's knees so that falling objects are reduced from going under the user's feet or scattering around the wheelchair wheels. Additionally, even when the retrieval tray is formed integrally with the base of the support structure (110), the front-to-back position or left-to-right width of the tray can be set so that the user's access path is not restricted.

[0117] Additionally, the recovery tray may be formed to be detachable for maintenance and hygiene purposes. For example, the recovery tray may be attached to the lower part of the support structure (110) via a sliding insertion structure, a rail coupling structure, or a magnetic coupling structure, and may be configured so that only the tray can be separated for cleaning or the debris can be sorted all at once after use. As another example, a replaceable liner may be placed inside the recovery tray so that only the liner can be replaced in the event of contamination.

[0118] Additionally, the recovery module may be formed at a low height so that falling objects do not obstruct the user's view during the process of repeatedly receiving them, and the front edge of the tray may be formed low to make it easier for the user to pick up the falling objects with their hand for reloading. For example, the front rim may be formed low and the rear rim relatively high so that the likelihood of falling objects bouncing towards the user is reduced.

[0119] In addition, since the receiving stability of the recovery module may vary depending on the type of falling object, multiple tray options may be provided to accommodate various shapes of falling objects. For example, spherical falling objects, such as silicone balls, may roll, so a tray featuring an inner slope and cushioning mat may be applied; conversely, irregular falling objects, such as fiber dolls, are bulky, so a tray with a wide opening and sufficient depth may be applied. Furthermore, the tray capacity may be set to prevent overflow even when multiple falling objects are received simultaneously.

[0120] In this way, the recovery module can be configured to reduce the user's waist bending motion or floor search motion during repetitive training by including a recovery tray structure that receives and recovers the dropped object at a certain location, and can selectively apply a cushioning structure, rim structure, inclination guidance structure, and detachable structure to limit the re-escaping of the dropped object, and can be implemented in various embodiments to enable safe and continuous game-type training in both standing and seated states.

[0122] FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating the operation flow of a user response analysis method based on a cognitive delay gap according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0123] Referring to FIG. 6, first, in step S601, the control unit (140) can initialize the training session and set user-specific training condition information.

[0124] More specifically, user height information, whether sitting or standing, training difficulty information, and target response count information stored in the storage unit (141) can be loaded, and the height of the support structure (110) can be adjusted to a position corresponding to the user conditions through the driving of the electric actuator (112). In addition, the drop interval, drop position pattern, and number of repetitions of the drop stimulus providing module (120) can be set.

[0125] Next, in step S602, the control unit (140) can measure the Simple Reaction Time (SRT) by providing a simple reaction stimulus.

[0126] More specifically, the release unit (122) of the fall stimulus providing module (120) may be operated according to a control signal so that the falling object may fall in the direction of the user, and the user response detection module (130) may detect a capture or contact action regarding the falling object and generate a response signal. The control unit (140) may calculate the simple response time by calculating the time difference between the time of release of the fall and the time of reception of the response signal. This process may be repeated multiple times to calculate the average simple response time.

[0127] Next, in step S603, the control unit (140) can measure the Cognitive Reaction Time (CRT) by providing a response stimulus to which a cognitive task is assigned.

[0128] More specifically, guidance information may be provided to capture only a falling object having a specific color or specific shape among a plurality of falling objects mounted on the falling stimulus providing module (120), and the control unit (140) may selectively release only the falling objects that meet the corresponding conditions. The user response detection module (130) may generate a response signal by detecting only the capturing action corresponding to the task condition as a valid response, and the control unit (140) may calculate the perception response time by calculating the time difference between the time of release of the falling object and the time of the valid response. This process may also be repeated multiple times to calculate the average perception response time.

[0129] Next, in step S604, the control unit (140) can calculate a delay gap based on the difference between the simple reaction time and the cognitive reaction time.

[0130] More specifically, the average simple reaction time value and the average cognitive reaction time value recorded in the storage unit (141) can be compared, and the difference between the two values ​​can be calculated to derive an indicator of the additional time required in the cognitive processing process. The cognitive delay gap can be used as an indicator to quantitatively represent the user's cognitive judgment and information processing load.

[0131] Next, in step S605, the control unit (140) can analyze the user state by comparing the calculated cognitive delay gap with reference data.

[0132] More specifically, a comparison can be performed with reference values ​​for each age group or user stored in the storage unit (141), and it can be determined whether the cognitive delay gap exceeds the reference range. Depending on the result of the determination, it can be classified into multiple stages, such as a normal range, an attention range, or a range where cognitive function may be impaired.

[0133] Finally, in step S606, the control unit (140) can output the analysis results or reflect them in the training control.

[0134] More specifically, the analysis results may be provided to a display device or external terminal so that they can be displayed for verification by a user or guardian, and the drop interval, stimulus frequency, or difficulty level may be automatically adjusted in the next training session. Additionally, the response records may be accumulated and stored in a storage unit (141) to enable long-term trend analysis.

[0136] FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating the operation flow of a falling stimulus control method synchronized with a music rhythm according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0137] Referring to FIG. 7, first, in step S701, the control unit (140) can initialize the rhythm-based training mode and set up the sound source playback environment.

[0138] More specifically, a music file or rhythm signal may be selected according to training mode information or user setting information stored in the storage unit (141), and an external sound source device or an internal sound source playback unit may be driven through the communication unit (142) to output a sound source. Additionally, an initial standby state of the fall stimulus providing module (120) may be set, and the release unit (122) may be maintained in a fall readiness state.

[0139] Next, in step S702, the control unit (140) can analyze the beat and tempo (BPM) of the sound source being played.

[0140] More specifically, the audio signal of the sound source can be sampled in real time, and the processor (143) can extract beat information through signal strength change, periodicity, or peak detection. Accordingly, the number of bits per unit time or the timing of when an accent occurs can be calculated, and reference time information for synchronizing the falling stimulus can be generated.

[0141] Next, in step S703, the control unit (140) can determine when an accent or a specific rhythm pattern occurs.

[0142] More specifically, among the extracted bit information, points with relatively large amplitude or emphasis can be determined as strong points, and rhythm patterns that repeat at regular intervals can be identified. The control unit (140) can set these points as candidate points for the occurrence of a falling stimulus, and filtering can be performed so that only some points are selectively used depending on the falling frequency or difficulty.

[0143] Next, in step S704, the control unit (140) can control the release of the falling object by applying a driving signal to the release unit (122) of the falling stimulus providing module (120) at the determined rhythm timing.

[0144] More specifically, a release signal may be output synchronized with the moment of emphasis or the start of the beat, and a specific falling object among a plurality of falling objects supported by the holding part (121) may be selectively released and fall toward the user. Accordingly, the falling stimulus may be provided in time with the rhythm of the music.

[0145] Next, in step S705, the user response detection module (130) can detect the user's body response to the falling stimulus and generate a response signal.

[0146] More specifically, the user may perform actions such as reaching out or catching a falling object in time with the music rhythm, and the timing of the catch or contact and the reaction may be detected and transmitted to the control unit (140). The control unit (140) may calculate the time difference between the time of the fall and the time of the reaction and record it in the storage unit (141) as the rhythm-synchronized reaction time.

[0147] Next, in step S706, the control unit (140) can analyze the user response results and adjust the next drop stimulus conditions.

[0148] More specifically, the response success rate, response time, or rhythm synchronization accuracy can be calculated, and if the response is good above a certain standard, the drop interval can be set to be shortened or the drop location diversified, and if the response is delayed or failures are repeated, the drop frequency can be controlled to be lowered or changed to a simple pattern.

[0149] Finally, in step S707, the control unit (140) can store and display the training results or prepare for the next session.

[0150] More specifically, rhythm synchronization response time, number of successes, number of failures, and execution time information may be accumulated and recorded in the storage unit (141) and provided to a user or administrator through a display device or an external terminal. Subsequently, when the set number of training sessions is satisfied, the training may be terminated or additional sessions may be repeated.

[0152] FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a usage state in which a training device according to one embodiment of the present invention is placed in an actual training environment, and a game-type training is performed in which an elderly person catches a falling object falling from above while standing or sitting.

[0153] Referring to FIG. 8, the support structure (110) can be placed on the floor to form an upper space for the user, and a drop stimulus providing module (120) is placed on the upper part of the support structure (110) so that a plurality of drop objects can be kept in a standby state at the upper position of the user.

[0154] Additionally, the drop stimulus providing module (120) may be in a state where multiple falling objects are supported, and may be selectively operated under the control of the control unit (140) so that some of the falling objects may fall toward the user. At this time, the falling objects may be formed of a material capable of mitigating impact, such as a silicone ball, a fiber doll, or a lightweight cushioning structure, so as to minimize the burden when in contact with the user's body.

[0155] At this time, the user may be positioned in a standing position or in a seated position on a chair or wheelchair, and may repeatedly perform the action of catching or receiving falling objects with their hands. The user response detection module (130) may generate a response signal by detecting whether the hand makes contact or catches the object, or a change in the position of the upper limb, and the control unit (140) may determine the response time or success based on the generated response signal.

[0156] Additionally, since the height of the support structure (110) can be adjusted in the vertical direction by a telescopic structure, the drop start height can be adjusted according to height difference or whether the user is seated, so that an appropriate upper space for the user can be formed. Accordingly, repetitive capture movements can be performed even without bending the waist.

[0157] Additionally, in one embodiment, a display or input interface may be provided on the front or side of the device so that a training mode, difficulty level, drop interval, or rhythm synchronization mode can be set, and training result information can be visually displayed. A recovery tray is disposed at the bottom to receive the dropped object that has moved to the floor after falling, so that repetitive training can be performed continuously.

[0159] FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating the entire process of an operation method of a training device for cognitive and motor response training for the elderly according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0160] Referring to FIG. 9, first, in step S901, an action of dropping a falling object toward the user can be performed through a falling stimulus providing module provided in the support structure.

[0161] More specifically, the control unit may select at least one of a plurality of falling objects and apply a control signal so that the falling object, which is supported by the holding unit, is separated by the driving of the release unit. At this time, the timing of the fall may be determined based on a preset time interval, a random delay time, or music rhythm information, and the falling object may be positioned to fall freely in the direction of gravity in the space above the user. In addition, the falling height may be adjusted according to the lifting state of the support structure, so that the fall may be initiated at a position corresponding to a standing posture or a sitting posture.

[0162] Next, in step S902, a response signal can be generated by detecting contact, capture, or position change of the user's body in response to the fall of an object through a user response detection module.

[0163] More specifically, the user response detection module can detect at least one of whether the falling object comes into contact with the hand, a change in the movement path of the falling object, a change in the position coordinates of the hand or arm, or the capture duration, and can convert the detection result into a response signal in the form of an electrical signal or digital data. For example, the time at which the contact sensor is activated, the time at which the capture motion is recognized by the image sensor, or the time at which sudden movement is detected by the inertial sensor may be recorded, and the information regarding the corresponding time may be transmitted to the control unit.

[0164] Finally, in step S903, the control unit receives a response signal, determines the user response, and can control the operating state of the fall stimulus providing module based on the determination result.

[0165] More specifically, the control unit can calculate whether a response is successful or the response delay time by comparing information on the start time of a drop and information on the reception time of a response signal, and can control the adjustment of at least one of the next drop interval, drop location, number of drops, or training difficulty by accumulating response results from multiple rounds. Additionally, if response failures are repeated, the drop frequency can be controlled to be mitigated, and if the response success rate increases, the drop pattern can be controlled to be changed.

[0167] Although the present invention has been described in relation to some embodiments, various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as understood by a person skilled in the art to which the invention pertains. Furthermore, such modifications and changes should be considered to fall within the scope of the claims appended to this specification. Explanation of the symbols

[0169] 100: Training device 110: Support structure 111: Telescopic column 112: Electric actuator 120: Fall Stimulation Provider Module 121: Maintenance Department 122: Release Section 130: User Response Detection Module 140: Control unit 141: Storage section 142: Communications Department 143: Processor

Claims

Claim 1 A training device for cognitive and motor response training for the elderly, comprising: a support structure (110) including a frame structure arranged to form an upper space for the user; a holding part (121) provided on the support structure (110) and supporting a plurality of falling objects; and a release part (122) for independently releasing a selected falling object among the plurality of falling objects supported by the holding part (121); and a user response detection module (130) that detects contact, capture, or position change of the user's body in response to the falling of a falling object and generates a response signal. and apply a driving signal to the release unit (122) to control that a specific falling object among the plurality of falling objects is selectively released, determine the timing, location, frequency, and pattern of occurrence of the falling stimulus, analyze the reaction signal received from the user reaction detection module (130) to determine user reaction characteristics, measure the driving timing of the falling stimulus providing module (120) and the timing of the reaction signal received from the user reaction detection module (130) to calculate reaction time information, analyze the degree of cognitive processing delay based on the reaction time information, control the driving timing of the release unit (122) based on the beat or tempo information of the music, adjust the falling interval, falling location, or number of falling objects according to the user state or training progress, store the reaction signal to manage the training history for each user, control the electric actuator (112) of the support structure (110) to adjust the height of the falling stimulus providing module (120), and when the user reaction is not detected for a certain period of time or abnormal impact or signs of a fall are detected A training device comprising a control unit (140) that controls the operating state of the drop stimulus providing module (120) to restrict the drop motion in the case and dynamically change the subsequent drop stimulus conditions according to the above judgment result. Claim 2 delete Claim 3 delete Claim 4 A training device according to claim 1, further comprising a recovery module including a recovery tray for receiving and recovering a fallen object. Claim 5 A method of operation of a training device for cognitive and motor response training for the elderly, comprising: a step in which a control unit applies a driving signal to a release unit to control a specific falling object among a plurality of falling objects so that it is selectively released, and determines the timing, location, frequency, and pattern of occurrence of a falling stimulus; a step in which a falling stimulus providing module drops the specific falling object in the direction of a user; a step in which a user response detection module detects contact, capture, or position change of the user's body in response to the falling object and generates a response signal; a step in which the control unit analyzes the response signal received from the user response detection module to determine user response characteristics, and measures the driving timing of the falling stimulus providing module and the timing of the reception of the response signal to calculate response time information; a step in which the control unit analyzes the degree of cognitive processing delay based on the response time information and stores the response signal to manage a training history for each user; and a step in which the control unit controls the operating state of the falling stimulus providing module to dynamically change subsequent falling stimulus conditions according to the determination result, and adjusts the falling interval, falling location, or number of falling objects according to the user state or training progress.

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