Solid composition containing an amine, protonated amine, or quaternary ammonium compound

Abstract

A water-dispersible solid composition is disclosed comprising at least one water-soluble polysaccharide and at least one quaternary ammonium compound, amine, or protonated amine compound as an active ingredient absorbed by the polysaccharide. The composition is useful for a wide range of applications, such as fabric softener compositions, hair care compositions, antiseptic compositions, and well bore treatment compositions.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a water-dispersible solid composition comprising at least one water-soluble polysaccharide and at least one amine, protonated amine, or quaternary ammonium compound as an active ingredient absorbed by the polysaccharide. The composition is useful for a wide range of applications, such as fabric softener compositions, hair care compositions, antibacterial compositions, and oil well bore treatment compositions. Background Technology

[0002] Recently, there has been growing interest in environmentally sustainable and eco-friendly products. Products with higher concentrations of active ingredients and less water are desirable because they typically require less packaging, resulting in a smaller environmental impact due to reduced transportation costs and waste generation, for instance. There is also a trend toward creating products with ingredients based on renewable resources derived from plants or animals, rather than fossil fuels. These ingredients are considered "green" or "natural" because they originate from renewable and / or sustainable raw materials. Consequently, they are more environmentally friendly than ingredients derived from fossil fuels. Ingredients with a high Biorenewable Carbon Index (BCI), such as over 80, indicate that the ingredient contains carbon derived primarily from plant, animal, or marine-based sources.

[0003] Amines and quaternary ammonium compounds, such as esteramines or amidoamines, are valuable ingredients for a wide range of end uses, including textile processing, hair conditioning, personal care (e.g., liquid cleansing products), antimicrobial compositions, agricultural uses, and oilfield applications. These compounds may be derived at least partially from biorenewable sources, which are desirable from an environmental perspective. However, when these compounds are formulated into concentrated liquid compositions, the resulting product may be unstable, particularly when stored at high or freezing temperatures. This instability may manifest as thickening of the product during storage, even to the point where the product can no longer be poured.

[0004] Another problem with concentrated liquid compositions is that they generally require a solvent to achieve an acceptable concentrated aqueous dispersion. Additionally, the addition of a solvent is typically required to obtain a product with a sufficiently low viscosity in the molten state that can be pumped by conventional equipment. The added solvent is generally a volatile organic compound (VOC), such as isopropanol or ethanol, which is undesirable from an environmental perspective. Furthermore, as stricter regulations limiting VOCs have been proposed, it is important to limit or eliminate solvents that contribute to VOCs.

[0005] Because many alkyl quaternary compounds are hydrophobic, they often do not dissolve well in water itself. Previous attempts to create water-dispersible concentrated solid quaternary or amine formulations have drawbacks. For example, EP 111074 uses silica to transport quarts, but this has the disadvantage of bulking up the product and potentially leaving a filtrate because silica is water-insoluble.

[0006] WO 92 / 18593 describes a granular fabric softening composition comprising a nonionic fabric softener and a single long alkyl chain cationic substance. However, this specification teaches that an effective cationic softening composition exhibits poor dispersion characteristics when used in granular form.

[0007] Solid puck-type softener compositions are known for use in industrial and institutional applications (e.g., US 2014 / 0115794). These compositions are administered by flowing a relatively substantial amount of water over the puck, and a small amount of material is dissolved. The compositions tend to be intentionally quite water-insoluble (so that too much material is not dissolved in a single softening cycle). When these solid compositions are added to the automatic dispenser drawer of a high-efficiency washing machine, or to the central column of a softening dispenser of a conventional non-high-efficiency machine (even if water is added along with this solid), they will not allow sufficient softener to enter a household consumer washing machine for proper softening. In a similar manner, insufficient amines, protonated amines, or quarts will be solubilized from these puck-type compositions to be effective in other applications such as hair conditioning or oilfields. Grinding the composition into a powder will not increase solubility because the composition inherently has low water solubility.

[0008] Solid biocidal quaternary compositions are known for use in industrial and institutional applications. The preparation of these compositions is typically energy-intensive. Often, urea is used as a carrier for the biocidal quaternary to produce a solid form, which may be in flake or frill form. These forms are further manufactured into tablets, pastiles, pucks, or sticks. When used in water treatment for bacterial control, these urea-containing compositions may cause an unpleasant amine or ammonia odor.

[0009] There is a need in the art for solid, concentrated amine, protonated amine, or quaternary ammonium-containing compositions that are easily dispersed in water and leave no residue after use in desired applications. It would also be advantageous to have a fluid solid composition.

[0010] One aspect of the present invention relates to a water-dispersible solid composition comprising (a) at least one polysaccharide in an amount of about 30% by weight to about 95% by weight, (b) at least one amine, protonated amine, or quaternary ammonium compound in an amount of about 5% by weight to about 70% by weight, and (c) optionally, 0% to about 30% by weight of a solubilizing agent, wherein the amine, protonated amine, or quaternary ammonium compound has at least one alkyl chain consisting of 10 or more carbons and is absorbed by the polysaccharide; However, if the above-mentioned water-soluble polysaccharide is not aggregated, the amount of the quaternary ammonium compound, amine, or protonated amine in the solid composition is 20% by weight or less, and if the above-mentioned water-soluble polysaccharide is aggregated and has an air-permeable bulk density in the range of 250 g / L to 600 g / L, the amount of the quaternary ammonium compound, amine, or protonated amine in the solid composition is not greater than 35% by weight.

[0011] In another aspect, the present technology relates to end-use products that can be formulated with solid compositions, including hair care repair and conditioning compositions, fabric care compositions, antimicrobial compositions, and oilfield compositions.

[0012] In addition, the present invention relates to a method for preparing a solid water-dispersible composition. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0013] Figure 1 is a graph showing the corrosion rate profile for the solid composition of the present technology. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0014] The present technology will be described in connection with one or more preferred embodiments, but those skilled in the art will understand that the present technology is not limited to these specific embodiments. Conversely, the technology described herein includes all alternatives, variations, and equivalents that may be included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

[0015] The Biorenewable Carbon Index (BCI) refers to the calculation of the percentage of carbon derived from biorenewable resources, and is calculated based on dividing the number of biorenewable carbons by the total number of carbons in all molecules.

[0016] "Bio-renewable" is defined herein as originating from animal, plant, or marine material.

[0017] "VOC" refers to volatile organic compounds. These compounds have a vapor pressure greater than 2 mm Hg at 25°C, fewer than 7 carbon atoms, and a boiling point at atmospheric pressure below 120°C.

[0018] The composition of the present invention is a solid composition comprising one or more polysaccharides and at least one amine, protonated amine, or quaternary ammonium compound absorbed by the polysaccharides. In some embodiments, the composition of the present invention further comprises one or more solubilizing agents. The composition may be in powder form or pressurized into tablet or other solid forms. Surprisingly, the composition can be easily dispersed in water even at high concentrations of amine, protonated amine, or quaternary ammonium compound of 30 weight percent or more.

[0019] amine

[0020] Amines that can be used in the present invention include secondary and tertiary amines, such as esteramines and amidoamines. Tertiary amines are particularly preferred. When an amine is used in a composition, it is desirable to have a pH of the (aqueous) system into which the composition is introduced for an application given a value at which the amine is protonated. Typically, the pH should be less than 9, preferably less than 8, and more preferably less than 7.

[0021] esteramine

[0022] The esteramines of the present invention may be prepared by combining a natural oil or other fatty acid source and an alkanolamine, generally at a starting temperature where the natural oil or fatty acid source is liquid or melting, optionally adding a catalyst, and then heating the reaction mixture until the desired esteramine is reached, as determined by acid and alkalinity values. As used herein, "esteramine" is intended to include unneutralized esteramines and esteramines in the form of neutralized (protonated) cationic salts, unless the context otherwise clearly indicates.

[0023] The fatty acid raw material for producing esteramines may be various starting materials, such as free fatty acids, fatty acid esters, or acid chlorides corresponding to fatty acids. Free fatty acids may be isolated, such as a single purified fatty acid, or combinations such as a fatty acid mixture characterized by fatty acid components of glyceride esters in natural oils. Fatty acid esters may be glycerides, such as mono-, di-, and / or triglycerides, or alkyl esters of fatty acids, such as methyl or ethyl esters of fatty acids. Fatty acid esters may be derived from a single fatty acid, or from a mixture of fatty acids, such as those derived from natural fatty acid feedstocks or natural oils.

[0024] In some embodiments, a fatty acid, or an alkyl ester derivative thereof, is preferred over natural oil as the fatty acid source. Regardless of the fatty acid source, the resulting esteramine must have at least one alkyl chain having 10 or more carbon atoms.

[0025] Esteramines may be prepared from C8-32 fatty acids, which are saturated, unsaturated, or a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, or from alkyl ester derivatives thereof. In some embodiments, the preferred fatty acid has a carbon chain length of 16 to 20 carbon atoms. The fatty acid may be derived from various raw materials, such as, for example, sunflower, canola, coconut, corn, cottonseed, flaxseed, peanut, meadowfoam, soybean, walnut, jojoba, palm, borage, safflower, rapeseed oil, tall oil, or mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, the fatty acid is derived from sunflower oil, canola oil, or low-erucic acid rapeseed oil (LEAR). In some embodiments, the fatty acid comprises at least 50% by weight, alternatively at least 60% by weight, of unsaturated fatty acid groups having at least one carbon-carbon double bond, and has an iodine value in the range of 40 to 130, preferably 50 to 130, more preferably 60 to 130.

[0026] The iodine value represents the average iodine value of the parent fatty acyl compound or fatty acid of all existing ester quart substances. In the context of the present technology, the iodine value is defined as the number of grams of iodine reacting with 100 grams of the parent compound. A method for calculating the iodine value of a parent fatty acyl compound / acid is known in the art and involves dissolving a prescribed amount (0.1-3 g) in about 15 ml of chloroform. Then, the dissolved parent fatty acyl compound / fatty acid is reacted with 25 ml of iodine monochloride in an acetic acid solution (0.1 M). To this, 20 ml of a 10% potassium iodide solution and about 150 ml of deionized water are added. After the addition of the halogen, the excess iodine monochloride is determined by titrating with a sodium thiosulfate solution (0.1 M) in the presence of blue starch indicator powder. At the same time, a blank is determined under the same conditions with the same amount of reagent. The difference between the volume of sodium thiosulfate used in the blank and the volume of sodium thiosulfate used in the reaction with the parent fatty acid acyl compound or fatty acid allows the iodine value to be calculated.

[0027] Alkanolamines useful for the production of esteramines correspond to the following formula:

[0028]

[0029] At this time, R1, R2, and R3 are C 1-6It is independently selected from alkyl or hydroxyalkyl groups. Examples of alkanolamines include triethanolamine (TEA), methyl diethanolamine (MDEA), ethyl diethanolamine, dimethylamino-N-(2,3-propanediol), diethylamino-N-(2,3-propanediol), methylamino-N,-N,-bis(2,3-propanediol), ethylamino-N,N-bis(2,3-propanediol), or mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, the alkanolamine comprises MDEA. In other embodiments, the alkanolamine comprises TEA. The molar ratio of fatty acid groups to alkanolamine is about 1.0:1 to about 2.2:1. In some embodiments, the alkanolamine is triethanolamine (TEA), and the molar ratio of fatty acid groups to TEA is about 1.3:1 to about 2.2:1, or alternatively about 1.3:1 to 1.8:1. In another embodiment, the alkanolamine is MDEA, and the molar ratio of fatty acid groups to MDEA is about 1.0:1 to 2.0:1.

[0030] In some embodiments, it may be desirable to protonate the esteramine with an acid before absorption into a polysaccharide to neutralize the esteramine and form an esteramine salt. The esteramine salt can be produced in-situ by reacting the corresponding esteramine with a sufficient amount of acid to neutralize the esteramine and form a salt. The esteramine salt may have a pH in the range of about 2 to about 9, alternatively about 3 to about 7, alternatively about 3 to less than 7, alternatively about 3 to about 6, or alternatively about 4 to about 6. In some embodiments, a stoichiometric amount of acid may be used for neutralization. Alternatively, an excess amount of acid or a stoichiometric amount of acid may be used, and then less or more acid may be added to the product formulation to adjust the pH of the final product to a desired level. Both organic and inorganic acids are suitable for in-situ reactions with esteramine to produce the corresponding salt. Examples of acids include, but are not limited to, lactic acid, citric acid, maleic acid, adipic acid, boric acid, glutamic acid, glycolic acid, acetic acid, ascorbic acid, uric acid, oxalic acid, aspartic acid, butyric acid, lauric acid, glycine, formic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, or combinations thereof.

[0031] amidoamine

[0032] The amidoamine used in the present invention can be prepared by reacting an amine with a fatty acid raw material. One preferred amine for reacting with the fatty acid raw material is diethylenetriamine. The amidoamine can be prepared using any of the aforementioned fatty acid raw materials for producing esteramines. Regardless of the fatty acid raw material, the resulting amidoamine must have at least one alkyl chain having at least 10 carbon atoms.

[0033] In some embodiments, the fatty acid has a carbon chain length of 16 to 20 carbon atoms and comprises at least 50% by weight, alternatively at least 60% by weight, an unsaturated fatty acid group having at least one carbon-carbon double bond, and an iodine value in the range of 40 to 130, preferably 50 to 130, more preferably 60 to 130. In some embodiments, the fatty acid is derived from sunflower oil, canola oil, or low erucic acid rapeseed oil (LEAR).

[0034] The amidoamine may include, but is not limited to, alkylamidopropylamine, alkylamidoethylamine, or combinations thereof. Examples of amidoamines that may be used are amidopropyl dimethylamine, amidoethyl dimethylamine, amidopropyl diethylamine, diamidopropyl methylamine, diamidopropyl ethylamine, and diamidoethyl methylamine. Preferred amidoamines are those that are liquid at room temperature, preferably without a solvent, and particularly preferably without a VOC solvent.

[0035] In some embodiments, it may be desirable to protonate or neutralize the amine portion of amidoamine with an acid to form an amidoamine salt. Acids useful for neutralizing amidoamine to form a salt include any one of the acids for neutralizing esteramines, such as, for example, lactic acid, citric acid, maleic acid, adipic acid, boric acid, glutamic acid, glycolic acid, acetic acid, ascorbic acid, uric acid, oxalic acid, aspartic acid, butyric acid, lauric acid, glycine, formic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, or combinations thereof. A sufficient amount of acid is used to protonate amidoamine, typically a stoichiometric or excess amount of acid is used. The amidoamine salt may have a pH in the range of about 2 to about 9, alternatively about 3 to about 7, alternatively about 3 to less than 7, alternatively about 3 to about 6, and alternatively about 4 to about 6.

[0036] quaternary ammonium compounds

[0037] Quaternary ammonium compounds that can be used in the present invention include ester quarts formed by quaternizing any one of the aforementioned esteramines, quaternized amidoamines formed by quaternizing any one of the aforementioned amidoamines, and quaternary ammonium compounds having alkyl, alkenyl, or aryl substituents, wherein the alkyl and alkenyl groups may be linear, branched, or a combination thereof, bonded to a nitrogen atom. The alkyl, alkenyl, or aryl groups may be further derivatized with alcohol groups and alkoxylated, e.g., ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, or a combination thereof.

[0038] Esterquat

[0039] A method for forming an ester quat by quaternizing a tertiary esteramine is well known in the art. Quaternization of an esteramine is achieved by reacting the esteramine with an alkylating agent, such as, for example, dimethyl sulfate, methyl chloride, diethyl sulfate, benzyl chloride, ethyl benzyl chloride, methyl bromide, or epichlorohydrin. The ester quat used in this art has at least one alkyl chain having 10 or more carbon atoms. In one embodiment, the ester quat is a TEA-based ester quat having the following chemical structure:

[0040]

[0041] Each R is independently selected from a C5-31 alkyl or alkenyl group, alternatively a C7-21 alkyl or alkenyl group, alternatively a C19-21 alkyl or alkenyl group, or alternatively at least mainly a C13-17 alkyl or alkenyl group, and may be a straight chain or a branched chain. In some embodiments, the compound of Formula I contains different R groups derived from fatty acid materials having an average iodine value of 60 to 130. R1 represents a C1-4 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl group or a C2-4 alkenyl group, and

[0042] T is or Igo

[0043] (i.e., forward or reverse ester bond); n is an integer selected from 0 to 4, alternatively from 2 to 4; m represents the number of moiety referring to hanging directly from the N atom, which is 1 for a mono-ester quart, 2 for a di-ester quart, or 3 for a tri-ester quart, and X is an ionic group, such as a halide or alkyl sulfate, e.g., a C1-4 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl sulfate or a C2-4 alkenyl sulfate. The anionic groups specifically considered include chlorides, methyl sulfates, or ethyl sulfates.

[0044] quaternized amidoamine

[0045] The quaternized amidoamine used in this invention is prepared by quaternizing any of the aforementioned amidoamines with a suitable alkylating agent. Methods for quaternizing tertiary amidoamines are known in the art. Alkylating agents for quaternization are also known and may be any of the aforementioned alkylating agents for quaternized esteramines. The quaternized amidoamine used in this invention has at least one alkyl chain having 10 or more carbon atoms. Quaternized amidoamines are also commercially available from various raw materials. One specific example of a suitable quaternized amidoamine is ACCOSOFT® 780 PG, which is methyl bis(canola amidoethyl)-2-hydroxyethyl ammonium methyl sulfate available from Stepan Company, Northfield, Illinois, USA.

[0046] In some embodiments, the amount of unsaturated fatty acid groups in esteramines, amidoamines, ester quarts, or quaternized amidoamines may affect the ability of the solid final product to be dispersed in water. Esteramines, amidoamines made from fatty acid raw materials having an average iodine value of about 40 or less, ester quarts, and quaternized amidoamines may result in a solid composition that is not easily dispersed in water.

[0047] Other quaternary ammonium compounds

[0048] Other quaternary ammonium compounds that can be used as quaternary ammonium compounds in the solid compositions of the present technology have the following general formula:

[0049]

[0050] At this time, R1 is a straight or branched chain, saturated or unsaturated, alkyl or alkene chain having 6 to 22, preferably 8 to 18, carbon atoms;

[0051] R2 is a straight or branched, saturated or unsaturated, alkyl or alkene chain having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, provided that at least one of R1 or R2 has an alkyl chain length of 10 or more carbon atoms;

[0052] R3 is methyl, ethyl, benzyl, or ethylbenzyl;

[0053] R4 is methyl or ethyl; and

[0054] X - Silver, Cl - , Br - , F - , I - , , , , , CH3COO - am.

[0055] These quaternary ammonium compounds are useful, for example, as antimicrobial agents or fabric conditioners. Exemplary quaternary ammonium compounds in the general formula include alkyl trimethylammonium halides, dialkyl dimethylammonium halides, alkyl dimethylbenzylammonium halides, dialkyl methylbenzylammonium halides, alkyl dimethyl ethylbenzylammonium halides, and dialkyl methyl ethylbenzylammonium halides. Certain quaternary ammonium salts include dialkyl dimethylammonium chloride (DDAC), such as didecyl dimethylammonium chloride, dioctyl dimethylammonium chloride, and octyl decyl dimethylammonium chloride, (C 12- C 18 )-alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (ADBAC), (C 12 -C 18 It includes )-alkyl dimethyl ethylbenzyl ammonium chloride and benzyltrimethyl ammonium chloride. The quaternary ammonium compound does not need to be a single entity, but may be a combination of two or more quaternary ammonium compounds.

[0056] The solid composition of the present invention comprises an amine, protonated amine, or quaternary ammonium compound active material in an amount of about 5% to about 70% by weight, alternatively about 5% to about 60% by weight, alternatively about 5% to about 55% by weight, alternatively about 10% to about 70% by weight, alternatively about 10% to about 60% by weight, alternatively about 10% to about 55% by weight, alternatively about 15% to about 70% by weight, alternatively about 15% to about 60% by weight, or alternatively about 15% to about 55% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0057] polysaccharides

[0058] The solid composition of the present invention also comprises about 30% by weight to about 95% by weight, or alternatively about 30% by weight to about 80% by weight, of a water-soluble polysaccharide. Suitable polysaccharides must be in a solid state at normal storage and use temperatures and must essentially react non-chemically with other components in the composition. The polysaccharides must also be able to absorb liquid or molten protonated amines or quaternary ammonium compounds in an amount sufficient to obtain a high concentration of active substances, such as 15% by weight or more, or 30% by weight or more, preferably 70% by weight of active substances. The polysaccharides must also be able to release active substances when the solid composition is dispersed in water. Examples of suitable polysaccharides include maltodextrin, which may be derived from corn, rice, potato starch, oats, barley, rye, buckwheat, legumes or wheat, and aggregated corn syrup solids.

[0059] In some embodiments, the maltodextrin is aggregated maltodextrin. Ideally, the aggregated maltodextrin used in the art should have a particle size such that 60% minimum passes through a 20-mesh screen and 15% maximum passes through a 200-mesh screen, and preferably 70% minimum passes through a 20-mesh screen and 5% maximum passes through a 200-mesh screen. Other preferred characteristics of the aggregated maltodextrin include 3 to 20, alternatively 6 to 15, alternatively 8 to 12 dextrose equivalents; a moisture content of less than 10%, alternatively less than 7.5%, alternatively less than 5%, alternatively less than 4%, and an aeration bulk density of less than 600 g / L, alternatively less than 350 g / L, alternatively less than 250 g / L, alternatively less than 200 g / L, and greater than about 100 g / L. In some embodiments, the aggregated maltodextrin may have an aeration bulk density in the range of 100 g / L to less than 250 g / L. In other embodiments, the aggregated maltodextrin may have an aeration bulk density of 250 g / L to about 600 g / L. A bulk density of less than 250 g / L for the aggregated maltodextrin tends to allow for larger loading of amine, protonated amine, or quaternary ammonium compound active ingredients. Aggregated maltodextrin and aggregated corn syrup solids are commercially available from various sources, such as Grain Processing Corporation, Cargill, and Tereos. Surprisingly, in some embodiments, the aggregated maltodextrin was found to improve the water dispersibility of the solid concentrate composition.

[0060] solubilizer

[0061] Although not strictly necessary, in some embodiments, it may be desirable to include a solubilizing agent in the solid composition formulation. The solubilizing agent acts to aid in the dissolution or flow of liquid / flowable amines, protonated amines, or quart active substances, thereby enabling the active substance to be better absorbed by the polysaccharide. Examples of solubilizing agents that may be used in the art include citric acid, sodium citrate, potassium carbonate, urea, sodium acetate, and magnesium sulfate, or combinations thereof. A good solubilizing agent is one that has high solubility in water, such as more than about 50 g per 100 g of deionized water, preferably more than 70 g per 100 g of deionized water. WO 03 / 060053, incorporated herein by reference, describes in detail a preferred solubilizing agent (also called a disintegrant). According to the Noyes-Whitney equation, the dissolution rate is directly proportional to the saturation concentration of a given solute (solubilizing agent). Therefore, the higher the equilibrium and saturation concentration of a given solute, the faster it will dissolve. When used, the amount of solubilizing agent in the solid composition may be in the range of about 0.5% to about 30% by weight of the composition, alternatively about 1% to about 25%, alternatively about 2% to about 20%, or alternatively about 3% to about 15%.

[0062] Optional additional ingredients

[0063] If desired or necessary, the water-dispersible solid composition is considered to optionally include additional components. The additional components include, but are not limited to, nonionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, imidazoline, mercaptan, glycerides, glycerin, silicones such as polydimethylsiloxane, aminosilicone, or ethoxylated silicones, cationic polymers, or any combination thereof. These additional components may be in the range of 0 to about 30 weight percent based on the total weight of the solid composition.

[0064] auxiliary ingredients

[0065] Auxiliary components may be added to the solid composition of the present invention. The term "adjunct ingredient" includes the following: dispersants, stabilizers, pH adjusters, defoamers, metal ion modifiers, colorants, glossers, dyes, odor modifiers, pro-fragrances, cyclodextrins, fragrances, solvents, soil release agents, preservatives, antimicrobial agents, chlorine scavengers, anti-shrinkage agents, fabric crisping agents, droppers, antioxidants, corrosion inhibitors, bonding agents, drape and shape control agents, leveling agents, antistatic agents, wrinkle control agents, fungicides, disinfectants, antibacterial agents, antifungal agents, white mold control agents, antivirals, desiccant, antistain agents, odor suppressants, fabric refreshers, chlorine bleach odor modifiers, dye fixatives, dye transfer inhibitors, color maintainers, color restorers and regenerators, bleaching agents, whiteness enhancers, corrosion inhibitors, abrasion resistance agents, fabric integrity agents, anti-abrasion agents, rinse aids, UV protectants, sun fading inhibitors, insect repellents, Anti-allergy agents, enzymes, flame retardants, repellents, fabric comfort agents, water conditioning agents, anti-stretch agents, hydrate inhibitors, scale inhibitors, anti-emulsifiers, oxygen scavengers, and combinations thereof. Auxiliary components may be added to the solid composition in an amount of 0 to about 3% by weight of the composition.

[0066] Composition characteristics

[0067] The solid composition of the present invention is dispersible in water and may be in the form of, for example, powder, tablet, pellet, pouch, pod, packet, or capsule. The powder form of the solid composition has a density of 100 to 1050 g / L, preferably 150 to 600 g / L, and is fluid. One method for measuring and calculating fluidity is taught in the following reference: Peschl, I. & Colijn, H. 1976 "New Rotational Shear Testing Technique" in Bulk Solids Handling and Processing.Preferably, the composition has a VOC content of less than 2% and at least 50 aggregate BCIs.

[0068] Method for manufacturing a solid composition

[0069] The solid composition of the present invention can be prepared by adding a desired amount of liquid or molten amine, protonated amine, or quaternary ammonium compound to an appropriate amount of polysaccharide and mixing until the amine, protonated amine, or quaternary ammonium compound is absorbed by the polysaccharide. If a solubilizer is used, the amine, protonated amine, or quaternary ammonium compound may be added before, together with, or after mixing with the polysaccharide. Optional components and auxiliary components may be added at any time.

[0070] Product Use

[0071] The solid composition of the present invention has various uses. For example, in some embodiments, the solid composition may be a solid fabric softener composition that can be used, for example, in the rinse cycle of a household washing machine. The solid composition may be added without dilution, for example, through a dispenser drawer, or, in the case of a top-loading washing machine, directly into the drum. The composition may also be used, for example, in hair conditioning or hair repair applications, in fungicide or disinfectant applications, or in oilfield applications including oil and gas transport, production, stimulation, and storage suitability. In some embodiments, the solid composition is in powder form that can be dispensed by scooping or shaking the powder from a product container. Alternatively, the solid composition may be encapsulated within a water-soluble or moisture-rupturing coating or film to form, for example, a pod, packet, pouch, or capsule. In other embodiments, the solid composition may be pressed into tablets or other forms, such as pellets, pastiles, sticks, or pucks. The pressed form or encapsulated product may contain a unit dose of the solid composition. As used herein, the term “unit dose” refers to a pre-measured amount of a solid composition to be delivered to provide a specific result when dispersed or diluted in a liquid. Water-soluble or moisture-rupturing coatings or films are known in the art. Materials suitable for coatings or films include, but are not limited to, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, methyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, partially hydrolyzed vinyl acetate, gelatin, and combinations thereof.

[0072] Alternatively, the solid composition may be diluted with water, preferably before use, to become an amine, protonated amine, or quaternary ammonium active agent of an appropriate concentration to achieve the desired result. For example, when the solid composition is formulated as a fabric softener, the solid composition may be diluted with water to a concentration of about 2% to about 22% by weight of the active agent, preferably about 3% to about 8% by weight of the active agent, based on the total weight of the diluted composition. Since the embodiments of the solid composition are easily dispersed in water, it is considered that dilution can be performed by the consumer. Such use offers several advantages, such as reduced packaging requirements (due to the concentrated product) and reduced energy requirements for transportation, as well as reduced transportation costs due to the reduction in water required for transport.

[0073] The compositions of the present invention have various end uses and can be formulated into various end-use products. Examples of specific end-use products in which the solid composition may be advantageously used include, but are not limited to, hair conditioners, hair repair compositions, fabric softeners, fabric conditioners, pool disinfectants, hard surface disinfectants, and corrosion inhibitors.

[0074] A final-use product formulation comprising a solid composition may contain any other suitable component for use, such as a surfactant or other additive, and a diluent such as water. Examples of surfactants include nonionic, cationic, and amphoteric surfactants, or combinations thereof. Examples of nonionic surfactants include, but are not limited to, fatty alcohol alkoxylates, polyalkylene glycols, mono- and / or dialkyl sulfosuccinates, fatty acid isothionates, fatty acid sarcosinates, fatty acid glutamates, ether carboxylic acids, alkyl oligoglucosides, and combinations thereof. Examples of cationic substances include, but are not limited to, behentrimonium chloride (BTAC), cetrimonium chloride (CETAC), and polyquaternium. Examples of amphoteric surfactants include, but are not limited to, betaine, amidopropyl betaine, or combinations thereof. The amount of surfactant in the product formulation may be in the range of about 0.01% to about 10% based on the weight of the final product formulation.

[0075] Examples of additives include rheological modifiers, emollients, skin conditioning agents, emulsifiers / suspensions, fragrances, colors, herbal extracts, vitamins, builders, enzymes, preservatives, antimicrobial agents, or combinations thereof. For some product formulations, a pH adjuster may be added to adjust the pH of the formulation to a range of about 1.5 to about 8.0, or alternatively, about 2.0 to about 6.5. Examples of pH adjusters that may be used include any of the aforementioned acids to cationize esteramines or amidoamines. The total additives in the product formulation may be in the range of about 0.01% to about 10% by weight of the final product formulation.

[0076] The solid composition of the present technology offers several advantages. Since the composition contains no or minimal water, it is not necessary to include preservatives in the composition, or they can be used in lower amounts. The low or minimal amount of water also contributes to increased product stability, as hydrolysis does not occur in the absence of water, particularly when amines or quaternary ammonium compounds have ester bonds. Lower or minimal water content reduces packaging requirements, and shipping costs can be reduced due to the reduced weight of the water. Packaging for the solid composition may be cardboard, which is recyclable and biodegradable, lighter in weight than plastic, and makes the solid product more environmentally friendly by potentially reducing the amount of microplastics introduced into the environment. The solid composition is also non-flammable and provides the ability to incorporate high levels of fragrance, such as more than 2 weight percent.

[0077] yes

[0078] The technology and its advantages described above will be better understood by referring to the following examples. These examples are provided to illustrate specific embodiments of the technology. By providing these examples, the inventors do not limit the scope and spirit of the technology.

[0079] Example 1

[0080] An ester quart was prepared as follows: canola fatty acid (283 g / mol, 2876.0 g, 10.2 mol) and antioxidant 1010 (1178 g / mol, 3.7 g, 0.003 mol) were added to a 5 L reactor equipped with mechanical stirring, nitrogen spraying, and distillation capabilities. Stirring was initiated, the contents were heated to 35°C, and triethanolamine (149 g / mol, 977.03 g, 6.5 mol) was added. The reaction temperature was increased to 190°C and maintained for 3.5 hours. After 3.5 hours, the reactor was cooled, the esteramine intermediate was transferred for quaternization, and tested (free amine = 1.77 meq / g, total acidity = 0.06 meq / g).

[0081] An esteramine intermediate (564 g / mol, 3650.3 g, 6.5 mol) was added to a 5 L reactor equipped with mechanical stirring, a nitrogen headspace sweep, and reflux capability. Stirring and the nitrogen sweep were initiated. The reaction temperature was adjusted to 50°C, and dimethyl sulfate (126 g / mol, 774.8 g, 6.1 mol) was added dropwise over 1 hour. During addition, the temperature was controlled to a maximum of 85°C. The reaction was mixed at 85°C for 1 hour. Sodium hypochlorite, 25% (wt) (90.4 g / mol, 9.8 g, 0.03 mol) was added and mixed for 30 minutes. The product was collected and tested (free amine = 0.08 meq / g, cationic active = 1.17 meq / g, total acidity = 0.10 meq / g, Gardner color = 4.6). A slightly yellowish paste was obtained. This ester quart is designated as EQ1.

[0082] Example 2

[0083] Canola fatty acids (283 g / mol, 647.8 g, 2.3 mol), triethanolamine (149 g / mol, 171.0 g, 1.1 mol), and antioxidant 1010 (1178 g / mol, 0.82 g, 0.001 mol) were added to a 2 L reactor equipped with mechanical stirring, sub-surface nitrogen spraying, and distillation capabilities. Stirring was initiated, and the contents were heated to 75°C. Nitrogen spraying was started. Then, the reaction temperature was increased to 190°C and maintained for 4.5 hours. After 4.5 hours, the reactor was cooled, and the esteramine intermediate was transferred for quaternization and tested (free amine = 1.48 meq / g, total acidity = 0.05 meq / g).

[0084] An esteramine intermediate (675 g / mol, 753.7 g, 1.1 mol) was added to a 2 L reactor equipped with mechanical stirring, a nitrogen headspace sweep, and reflux capability. Stirring and the nitrogen sweep were initiated. The reaction temperature was adjusted to 45°C. Dimethyl sulfate (126 g / mol, 130.5 g, 1.0 mol) was added dropwise over 1 hour. During addition, the temperature was controlled to a maximum of 85°C. The reaction was carried out at 85°C for 1 hour. The product was collected and tested (free amine = 0.09 meq / g, cationic activator = 1.16 meq / g, total acidity = 0.01 meq / g). A slightly yellow paste was obtained. This ester quart is designated as EQ2.

[0085] Example 3

[0086] Distilled resinous fatty acids (272 g / mol, 1067.05 g, 3.9 mol) and hydrogenated resinous fatty acids (272 g / mol, 409.89 g, 1.5 mol) were added to a 3 L reactor equipped with mechanical stirring, sub-surface nitrogen spraying, and distillation capabilities. The iodine value of this fatty acid mixture is approximately 34. Stirring was initiated, and the contents were heated to 75°C. Triethanolamine (149 g / mol, 521.3 g, 3.5 mol), antioxidant 1010 (1178 g / mol, 2.0 g, 0.002 mol), and phosphoric acid (82 g / mol, 1.0 g, 0.01 mol) were added. Nitrogen spraying was started. Then, the reaction temperature was increased to 190°C and maintained for 4 hours. After 4 hours, the reactor was cooled, the esteramine intermediate was transferred for quaternization and tested (free amine = 1.81 meq / g, total acidity = 0.06 meq / g).

[0087] An esteramine intermediate (552 g / mol, 1836.0 g, 3.3 mol) was added to a 3 L reactor equipped with mechanical stirring, a nitrogen headspace sweep, and reflux capability. Stirring and the nitrogen sweep were initiated. The reaction temperature was adjusted to 45°C. Dimethyl sulfate (126 g / mol, 381.8 g, 3.0 mol) was added dropwise over 30 minutes. During addition, the temperature was controlled to a maximum of 85°C. The reaction was mixed at 85°C for 1 hour. Dimethyl sulfate (126 g / mol, 20.0 g, 0.2 mol) was added dropwise. During addition, the temperature was controlled to a maximum of 85°C. The reaction was mixed at 85°C for 1 hour. The product was collected and tested (free amine = 0.08 meq / g, cationic active = 1.16 meq / g, total acidity = 0.17 meq / g). A wax-like solid was obtained. This ester quart is designated as EQ3.

[0088] General Formulation Procedures

[0089] An exemplary formulation prepared from aggregated maltodextrin was processed in the following general manner: a desired amount of aggregated maltodextrin was added to a mixing vessel, a liquid quaternary ammonium compound or a protonated amine was added to the vessel by gently mixing until all the liquid was added, and optionally a solubilizer was added. Mixing was stopped when the liquid was completely absorbed and the product was homogeneous.

[0090] Fabric softener example

[0091] Example 4

[0092] A solid-concentrated composition was prepared according to the above general procedure and contained 47.5 wt% of EQ1, 47.5 wt% of aggregated maltodextrin (AMD), (Maltrin M700 of Grain Processing Corporation), and 5 wt% of anhydrous citric acid. The density of this composition was measured to be 160 g / L.

[0093] Example 5

[0094] A solid concentrated composition was prepared according to the above general procedure and contained 55 wt% of EQ1, 35 wt% of AMD, and 10 wt% of anhydrous citric acid.

[0095] Example 6

[0096] A solid-concentrated composition was prepared according to the above general procedure and contained 47.5 wt% of EQ2, 47.5 wt% of AMD, and 5 wt% of anhydrous citric acid. EQ2 is different from EQ1 used in Examples 4 and 5 in that EQ2 has a fatty acid to TEA ratio of 2.00:1, whereas EQ1 has a fatty acid to TEA ratio of 1.55:1.

[0097] Example 7

[0098] A solid-concentrated composition was prepared according to the above general procedure and contained 47.5 wt% of EQ3, 47.5 wt% of AMD, and 5 wt% of anhydrous citric acid. EQ3 is different from EQ1 used in Examples 4 and 5 in that it is made from a resinous fatty acid feedstock having an iodine value of 34, rather than the canola fatty acid feedstock used to make EQ1.

[0099] Example 8

[0100] In this example, the solid-concentrated compositions of Examples 4 to 7 were evaluated for their dispersibility in water using the following test: about 0.5 grams of the composition was added to an 8-ounce bottle containing 120 ml of water, and the solution was then mixed by hand with a tongue depressor at room temperature for 10 seconds. If no noticeably distinct particles were present after mixing, the composition was considered dispersible. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0101] Table 1

[0102]

[0103] The results in Table 1 show that the composition of Example 6 prepared with EQ2 was not easily dispersed in water, whereas the compositions of Examples 4 and 5 prepared with EQ1 were dispersible. For EQ1, the fatty acid to TEA ratio was 1.55:1, and for EQ2, the ratio was 2.00:1. These results indicate that the dispersibility of the solid composition in water can be influenced by the ratio of fatty acids to TEA used in the preparation of the ester quart. The results show that when using canola fatty acid-based ester quart (TEA / DMS) in the solid concentrate composition, the ratio of fatty acid groups to TEA must be less than 2.0:1 to obtain a dispersible composition. The results in Table 1 also show that the composition of Example 7 prepared with EQ3 was not easily dispersed. The results indicate that the dispersibility of the solid composition in water can also be influenced by the iodine value of the fatty acid feedstock used in the preparation of the ester quart. These results show that the iodine value of the fatty acid feedstock used to produce the ester quart must be greater than 34 to obtain a dispersible solid composition.

[0104] Example 9

[0105] This example evaluates the softening ability of a solid composition according to the present technology. Softening tests were performed using the following methodology based on ASTM D-5237: White hand towels made of an 86 / 14 cotton / polyester blend were first pre-washed to remove any factory finishes. For each test, 160 towels were washed in a conventional household washing machine. Samples of the fabric softener for the experiment were introduced into the machine during the rinse cycle. The towels were then tumble-dried and equilibrated at room temperature overnight. Subsequently, panelists blind-evaluated pairs of towels using a Paired Comparison panel test. Votes were tallied for each sample. In a 160-vote observation test, using a one-way difference test (Meilgaard, MC, Civille, GV, Carr, BT, Sensory Evaluation Techniques, 3rd Ed., CRC Press, 1999, pp. 277-278, 355, 371), one product must be selected at least 91 times and considered statistically superior to the other at a 95% confidence level.

[0106] Using this test method, the composition of Example 4 had softening equivalent to a 5% traditional liquid fabric softener prepared from the same ester quart and administered in the same amount of active ingredient during a washing machine rinse cycle. The composition of Example 5 provided superior softening compared to a 5% traditional liquid fabric softener prepared from the same ester quart and administered in the same amount of active ingredient during a washing machine rinse cycle.

[0107] Example 10

[0108] To determine whether maltodextrin needs to be pre-aggregated, the following experiment was performed: 100 g of maltodextrin (unaggregated) and 10.5 g of anhydrous citric acid were added to the bowl of an 8-cup consumer-grade food processor. The food processor was set to low speed, and EQ1 was added during mixing. In an attempt to aggregate the particles, the speed was intermittently set to high for 10 seconds at a time. After adding approximately 45 g of EQ1, the batch became too sticky and lumpy, so the experiment was stopped. This example demonstrates that maltodextrin needs to be pre-aggregated when the concentration of the active cationic substance exceeds approximately 25% in the composition. The experiment was repeated, but it was determined that adding a smaller amount of EQ1 produced a free-flowing composition in which 15 wt% of EQ1 on the unaggregated maltodextrin was dispersed in water. When 20 wt% of EQ1 is used in non-aggregated maltodextrin, a composition is produced that flows in water but does not disperse. The composition is considered fluid if, when a container such as a cardboard box is inverted, all small particles easily fall out of the container, do not stick together or form clumps, and maintain distinct small particles with no residue left at the bottom of the container. This fluidity test can be performed using any type of container.

[0109] Example 11

[0110] Using a series of different solvents according to the method described in the book *Solubility Science, Principles and Practice*, Steven Abbott, 2017, Creative Commons NY-BD, incorporated herein by reference, the Hansen polarity parameter for EQ1 was measured to be 10.9 and the Hansen polarity parameter for EQ3 was measured to be 4.4. This shows that for the composition to be dispersed in water, the Hansen polarity parameter of EQ must exceed about 5.

[0111] Example 12

[0112] A solid composition was prepared according to the above general procedure and contained 60 wt% AMD and 40 wt% EQ1. The composition is fluid, and a dispersibility test showed that the composition disperses in water.

[0113] Example 13

[0114] A solid composition was prepared according to the general procedure above and contained 55 wt% methyl bis(canola amidoethyl)-2-hydroxyethylammonium methyl sulfate, canola oil, an amidoamine-based softening quart prepared using diethylenetriamine (ACCOSOFT® 780 PG available from Stepan Company), 35 wt% AMD, and 10% anhydrous citric acid. The composition was fluid, and a dispersibility test showed that the composition dispersed in water. The composition was also evaluated for softening ability using the test procedure described above. As a result of the test, the composition provided softening equivalent to that of a 5% traditional liquid fabric softener prepared from the same amidoamine-based quart and administered in the same amount of active ingredient during a washing machine rinse cycle.

[0115] Example 14

[0116] The composition of Example 4 was made into a tablet by adding approximately 0.5 g of the powder formulation to a tablet press, compressing the material with a lever for 10 seconds, and then carefully removing the tablet. Many tablets can be manufactured using this process.

[0117] Example 15

[0118] A solid-concentrated composition was prepared according to the above general procedure and contained 30 wt% of EQ1, 65 wt% of aggregated maltodextrin 2 (AMD2; Maltrin M500 of Grain Processing Corporation), and 5 wt% of anhydrous citric acid. The density of this composition was measured to be 490 g / L.

[0119] Example 16

[0120] A solid-concentrated composition was prepared according to the general procedure above and contained 40 wt% of EQ1, 55 wt% of aggregated maltodextrin 2, and 5 wt% of anhydrous citric acid. It was observed that this formulation was not too sticky or sufficiently fluid, which indicates that the aggregated maltodextrin could not absorb all of EQ1. Aggregated maltodextrin 2 has an aeration bulk density of about 500 g / L, whereas the aggregated maltodextrin used in Examples 4-9 and 12-13 has an aeration bulk density of about 150 g / L. These examples demonstrate that the density of aggregated polysaccharides can affect the amount of quart or amine that can be absorbed by the polysaccharides. When the loading of quart or amine is high, i.e., about 35% by weight or more of the solid composition, the aerated bulk density of the aggregated polysaccharide should be in the range of about 100 g / L to less than about 250 g / L. When the solid composition contains aggregated polysaccharides having an aerated bulk density of 250 g / L or more, the amount of quart or amine used in the composition should be less than about 35% by weight to ensure proper absorption by the polysaccharide.

[0121] The compositions of this example and the composition of Example 15 were compared using a Freeman Technology FT4 Powder rheometer with a shear cell setup. The methodology used for this evaluation is described in detail on the Freeman Technology website: www.freemantech.co.uk. Before performing subsequent shear tests at normal stresses of 7, 6, 5, 4, and 3 kPa, 85 mL samples of each composition were subjected to pre-shear at a normal stress of 9 kPa. The fluidity, REL (p), and cohesion (kPa) of each composition were measured; fluidity was measured and calculated as taught in the following reference, incorporated herein by reference: Peschl, I. & Colijn, H. 1976 "New Rotational Shear Testing Technique" Bulk Solids Handling and Processing The results are shown in Table 2.

[0122] Table 2

[0123]

[0124] Based on the results, it is desirable to have a flowability parameter greater than about 2.0 and a cohesiveness parameter less than about 2.0 so that the composition flows properly and does not stick together too much.

[0125] Hair conditioner example

[0126] Example 17

[0127] A solid composition was prepared according to the general procedure above and contained 30 wt% of an ester quart / glyceride mixture and 70 wt% of AMD. The ester quart / glyceride mixture contained approximately 70 wt% of ester quart derived from sunflower oil reacted with TEA, and approximately 30 wt% of glyceride. The composition is fluid, and a dispersibility test showed that the composition disperses in water.

[0128] Example 18

[0129] A solid composition was prepared by melting BTAC (Clariant’s Genamin BTLF) according to the general procedure above and mixing the melted BTAC with AMD. The composition contained 30 wt% BTAC and 70 wt% AMD and had fluidity. A dispersibility test showed that the composition dispersed in water.

[0130] Example 19

[0131] A solid composition was prepared by mixing 15 wt% of an ester quart / glyceride mixture (70% ester quart / 30% glyceride) and 85 wt% of non-aggregated maltodextrin until the ester quart / glyceride mixture was completely absorbed. The resulting solid composition was a free-flowing powder, but when wet and rubbed between hands, it did not disperse easily in water and formed small, gel-like balls that took time to dissolve. Comparing the results of this example with those of Example 17, it was found that the dispersibility of the solid composition could be improved by using aggregated maltodextrin as a polysaccharide. Furthermore, comparing the results of this example with those of Example 10, which used 15 wt% EQ1 rather than the ester quart / glyceride mixture, demonstrates that the presence of glyceride in the solid composition of this example can affect the dispersibility of the solid composition.

[0132] Oilfield composition

[0133] Yes 20

[0134] A solid composition for use as a corrosion inhibitor was prepared by adding 5.05 g of aggregated maltodextrin (Maltrin M700) to a 20 ml scintillation vial at ambient temperature, followed by the addition of 5.01 g of a general corrosion inhibitor composition. The general corrosion inhibitor contained 80% by weight of a combination of 47 wt% imidazoline (tall oil fatty acid / diethylenetriamine acetate salt), 20 wt% ADBAC, and 13 wt% mercaptoethanol in a 20 wt% solvent containing equal parts by weight of water and methanol. The vial lid was closed, and the contents were vigorously shaken by hand for 20 seconds. This composition produced a fluid powder having 40% active corrosion inhibitor. Then, this sample was further diluted with a 20% active solution in deionized water for corrosion inhibition evaluation.

[0135] Rotating Cylinder Electrode (RCE) testing was used to evaluate the performance of general corrosion inhibitors with maltodextrin for corrosion inhibition applications. In this test, the corrosion rate is measured by an electrochemical technique called Linear Resistive Radiation (LPR), which features a working electrode, a platinum counter electrode, and a standard calomel reference electrode. The experiment is conducted under conditions of low shear rate, atmospheric pressure, a maximum temperature of 80°C, and low sulfur (sweet) carbon dioxide. Corrosion data are measured and monitored using a Gamry potensiostat, and Gamry Framework software is used for analysis.

[0136] For the test, 700 g of brine solution (3.5% NaCl, 0.11% CaCl2*2H2O, 0.07% MgCl2*6H2O) was loaded into a glass cell and heated to 80°C under carbon dioxide spray for 2 hours. A metal coupon (C1018) was rotated at 3000 rpm. After establishing a baseline corrosion rate for 4 hours, a 20% active corrosion inhibitor solution was injected at a dose of 25 ppm (18 μL), and the corrosion rate profile was monitored for a total test time of 20 hours.

[0137] Figure 1 shows the corrosion rate profiles of a general corrosion inhibitor alone and in combination with maltodextrin. It can be seen that the addition of maltodextrin does not affect the corrosion rate of the corrosion inhibitor.

[0138] Example 21

[0139] A solid composition is prepared by adding a TEA-based coco dibutyl ester quart to aggregated maltodextrin at ambient temperature and mixing until the ester quart is absorbed. The solid composition is a free-flowing powder. The solid composition can be used as a hydrate inhibitor in oilfield applications.

[0140] Antimicrobial composition

[0141] Yes 22

[0142] A solid composition for use as an antimicrobial composition was prepared by mixing equal parts by weight of aggregated maltodextrin (MALTRIN M700 of Grain Processing Corporation) and n-alkyl dimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride (BTC® 8358 of Stepan Company, Northfield, Illinois, USA) at ambient temperature until the quaternary ammonium compound was absorbed. The resulting composition is a free-flowing powder, even though the composition contains 10% water derived from the BTC® 8358 product. The solid composition contains 40% by weight of the active biocidal quaternary ammonium compound.

[0143] Yes 23

[0144] A solid composition for use as an antimicrobial composition was prepared by mixing different quaternary ammonium compounds and aggregated maltodextrin at ambient temperature until the quaternary ammonium compounds were absorbed. The composition and physical properties of each composition are shown in Table 3.

[0145]

[0146] BTC® 2125 Base: Mixture of n-alkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and n-alkyl dimethyl ethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, no solvent or inert (91-95% active quart, 4.28% water, 2.3% max combined free amine and amine HCl)

[0147] BTC® 1010: Didecyl-dimethylammonium chloride (80% active quart)

[0148] The results in Table 3 show that Composition 1, containing 50 wt% active BTC® 2125 quarts, is a viscous mixture, whereas Composition 2 uses the same quarts but is a powder at 40% active quarts. Similarly, Composition 3, containing 50 wt% active BTC® 1010, is a slurry, while Composition 4 is a powder at 32 wt% active. These results demonstrate that solid powder compositions containing up to 50% biocidal quarts by weight of active material can be prepared. A dry, free-flowing powder is preferred, but a higher active bulk material is acceptable for water-dispersible tablets, Pastille, sticks, or pucks.

[0149] The composition is evaluated for antibacterial efficacy, and it is determined that the addition of maltodextrin does not have a negative effect on the antibacterial efficacy of the biocidal quaternary ammonium compound.

[0150] The present art is described in complete, clear, and concise terms to enable those skilled in the art to practice it. It should be understood that the foregoing describes preferred embodiments of the present art and that modifications may be made within the present art without departing from the spirit or scope of the present art as set forth in the appended claims. Furthermore, the examples are not exhaustive but are intended to illustrate various embodiments falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

Claim 1 A water-dispersible solid composition comprising: (a) 5% to 70% by weight of at least one quaternary ammonium compound, amine, or protonated amine, or a mixture thereof, wherein the quaternary ammonium compound is selected from (i) an ester quart, which is a quaternized reaction product obtained by reacting a fatty acid raw material having an iodine value of 40 to 130 with triethanolamine (TEA) at a fatty acid to alkanolamine molar ratio of 1.3:1 to 1.8:1 or with methyl diethanolamine (MDEA) at a fatty acid to alkanolamine molar ratio of 1.0:1 to 2.0:1; (ii) an amidoamine quart; or (iii) a quaternary ammonium compound having the following chemical formula: (wherein, R1 is a straight or branched, saturated or unsaturated, alkyl or alkene chain having 6 to 22 carbon atoms; R2 is a straight or branched, saturated or unsaturated, alkyl or alkene chain having 1 to 16 carbon atoms; R3 is methyl, ethyl, benzyl, or ethylbenzyl; R4 is methyl or ethyl; X - is Cl - , Br - , F - , I - , , , , , or CH3COO - (a), the amine or protonated amine is a quaternary ammonium compound, an amine or protonated amine, or a mixture thereof, wherein the amine or protonated amine is selected from esteramine, amidoamine, or amidoamine salt; (b) a water-soluble polysaccharide in an amount of 30% to 95% by weight having an air-permeable bulk density in the range of 100 g / L to 600 g / L, wherein the water-soluble polysaccharide comprises maltodextrin or aggregated maltodextrin; and (c) a solubilizing agent in an amount of 0% to 30% by weight, wherein the solubilizing agent is selected from the group consisting of citric acid, sodium citrate, potassium carbonate, urea, sodium acetate, magnesium sulfate, and combinations thereof; wherein the quaternary ammonium compound, amine or protonated amine has at least one alkyl chain of 10 or more carbons and is absorbed by the polysaccharide; A solid composition wherein, if the water-soluble polysaccharide is not aggregated, the amount of a quaternary ammonium compound, amine, or protonated amine in the solid composition is 20% by weight or less, and if the water-soluble polysaccharide is aggregated and has an aeration bulk density in the range of 250 g / L to 600 g / L, the amount of a quaternary ammonium compound, amine, or protonated amine in the solid composition is not greater than 35% by weight. Claim 2 A solid composition according to claim 1, wherein at least one amine, protonated amine, or quaternary ammonium compound is at least one esteramine or ester quart. Claim 3 In paragraph 2, the above fatty acid raw material is a solid composition derived from sunflower oil, canola oil, low-erucic acid rapeseed (LEAR) oil, or a combination thereof. Claim 4 In claim 1, the at least one amine, protonated amine, or quaternary ammonium compound is at least one amidoamine, amidoamine salt, or amidoamine quart, a solid composition. Claim 5 A method for preparing a water-dispersible solid composition, comprising the step of providing a water-soluble polysaccharide in an amount of 30% to 95% by weight based on the total weight of the solid composition, wherein the water-soluble polysaccharide comprises maltodextrin or aggregated maltodextrin; A step of adding 5% to 70% by weight of at least one liquid or molten amine, protonated amine, or quaternary ammonium compound, or a mixture thereof, to the water-soluble polysaccharide, wherein the quaternary ammonium compound is selected from (i) an ester quart, which is a quaternized reaction product obtained by reacting a fatty acid raw material having an iodine value of 40 to 130 with triethanolamine (TEA) at a fatty acid to alkanolamine molar ratio of 1.3:1 to 1.8:1 or with methyl diethanolamine (MDEA) at a fatty acid to alkanolamine molar ratio of 1.0:1 to 2.0:1, (ii) an amidoamine quart, or (iii) a quaternary ammonium compound having the following chemical formula: (wherein, R1 is a straight or branched, saturated or unsaturated, alkyl or alkene chain having 6 to 22 carbon atoms; R2 is a straight or branched, saturated or unsaturated, alkyl or alkene chain having 1 to 16 carbon atoms; R3 is methyl, ethyl, benzyl, or ethylbenzyl; R4 is methyl or ethyl; X - is Cl - , Br - , F - , I - , , , , , or CH3COO - A method comprising the steps of: ), wherein the amine or protonated amine is selected from esteramine or amidoamine; provided that, if the water-soluble polysaccharide is not aggregated, the amount of the amine, protonated amine, or quaternary ammonium compound added to the water-soluble polysaccharide is 20% by weight or less of the solid composition, and if the water-soluble polysaccharide is aggregated and has an aeration bulk density in the range of 250 g / L to 600 g / L, the amount of the amine, protonated amine, or quaternary ammonium compound added to the aggregated polysaccharide is not greater than 35% by weight of the solid composition; and mixing the water-soluble polysaccharide with the amine, protonated amine, or quaternary ammonium compound until the amine, protonated amine, or quaternary ammonium compound is absorbed by the water-soluble polysaccharide to form the water-dispersible solid composition. Claim 6 A method according to claim 5, further comprising the step of adding 0.5% to 50% by weight of a solubilizing agent before, during, or after the addition of the protonating amine or quaternary ammonium compound, wherein the solubilizing agent is selected from the group consisting of citric acid, sodium citrate, potassium carbonate, urea, sodium acetate, magnesium sulfate, and combinations thereof. Claim 7 Method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein at least one amine, protonated amine, or quaternary ammonium compound is at least one esteramine or ester quart. Claim 8 A method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the fatty acid raw material is derived from sunflower oil, canola oil, LEAR rapeseed oil, or a combination thereof. Claim 9 In claim 5 or 6, the method wherein at least one amine, protonated amine, or quaternary ammonium compound is at least one amidoamine, amidoamine salt, or amidoamine quart. 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