Fire status determination r-type fire receiver system using transient response waveform analysis

Abstract

The present invention discloses an R-type fire receiver system having a fire state determination function using transient response waveform analysis. The R-type fire receiver system having a fire state determination function using transient response waveform analysis according to the present invention comprises: a detector that detects physical changes caused by the occurrence of a fire and outputs an electrical signal; a relay that receives the electrical signal output from the detector; a high-speed ADC sampling module provided at the input terminal of the relay that samples the electrical signal at high resolution; a waveform analysis module that analyzes the temporal change characteristics of the transient response waveform of the electrical signal obtained through the high-speed ADC sampling module; a fire state determination module that determines whether the electrical signal is a signal caused by an actual fire or a signal caused by a non-fire state based on the analysis result of the waveform analysis module; and an R-type fire receiver that displays a fire state or controls an interlocking facility according to the determination result of the fire state determination module.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an R-type fire receiver system having a fire state determination function using transient response waveform analysis, and more specifically, to an R-type fire receiver system having a fire state determination function using transient response waveform analysis that distinguishes between actual fire, leakage current, and moisture conditions by analyzing the transient response waveform of an electrical signal collected at the input terminal of a repeater. Background Technology

[0002] Generally, fire monitoring and alarm systems are centered around multiple detectors installed within a building and a fire receiver that comprehensively processes signals received from these detectors. These fire receivers are designed to monitor for fire occurrences by signal source or circuit, and to enable early response by controlling alarm bells, broadcasting equipment, and fire extinguishing systems in conjunction when a fire is detected. Particularly in large buildings or complex facilities, R-type fire receiver systems including relays are widely used to efficiently manage a large number of detectors.

[0003] Conventional R-type fire alarm receiver systems connect detectors and receivers via two-wire or multi-wire communication lines and have a structure that determines the fire status by sequentially receiving signals transmitted from each detector or relay. In this case, the signals transmitted from the detectors are typically received in the form of changes in voltage, current, or digital status values, and the fire alarm receiver uses whether these signals exceed a preset threshold or transition to a specific state as a criterion for judgment. For example, it is configured to recognize a fire if the voltage drops sharply below a certain level or if the detector contacts switch to a short-circuit state.

[0004] Furthermore, in conventional technology, accumulation functions are frequently applied as a means to reduce false alarms. The accumulation function is a method in which, even if a fire signal is input from a detector, an alarm is not issued immediately; instead, the final determination of whether a fire exists is made after verifying whether the same signal state is maintained for a certain period of time. Such accumulation functions have contributed to some extent to preventing malfunctions caused by transient noise or instantaneous signal fluctuations. Moreover, some systems apply different accumulation times or thresholds depending on the type of detector, or use methods that determine a fire only when fire signals are input simultaneously from multiple detectors.

[0005] However, conventional fire alarm receiver systems have structural limitations that fail to adequately reflect the inherent characteristics of signals input from detectors or relays. Fire detection in conventional technology largely relies on signal magnitude or changes in state, without performing a precise analysis of the cause of the signal. In other words, judgment criteria are based solely on resulting states, such as whether the voltage has dropped below a threshold or whether a contact is in a short-circuit state, without considering the patterns of signal change or temporal characteristics that occur during the process.

[0006] Consequently, the issue of fire alarms frequently triggering in conventional fire alarm receiver systems, even in situations where there is no actual fire, has been continuously raised. For example, if moisture penetrates the detector wiring or condensation occurs, the insulation resistance of the lines decreases, which can lead to a gradual drop in voltage. Furthermore, unstable electrical conditions can arise due to aging wiring, oxidation of connection points, or loose terminal connections; these factors can also induce voltage drops or state changes similar to fire signals. Conventional technology lacks the means to distinguish between signals caused by such leakage, moisture, or poor contact and signals generated by an actual fire.

[0007] The accumulation function also fails to fundamentally resolve this problem. Since the accumulation function merely checks whether a signal persists for a certain period of time, it is highly likely to mistake non-fire conditions that last for a relatively long time, such as electrical leakage or moisture, for a fire. In other words, if a voltage drop persists even after the accumulation time has elapsed, a fire alarm may be triggered even though the cause is electrical leakage or condensation, not a fire. This is because conventional technology considers only whether the signal "persists," but does not take into account the "pattern" or "speed" of how the signal changes.

[0008] Furthermore, conventional R-type fire alarm receiver systems tend to treat repeaters merely as simple signal transmitters or aggregators. Repeaters focus solely on transmitting signals input from multiple detectors to the receiver, rather than performing intelligent functions such as precisely analyzing the signals or distinguishing their characteristics. Consequently, various electrical abnormalities occurring in the intermediate stage between the detectors and the receiver are not fully utilized and are used only as auxiliary information for determining the presence of a fire.

[0009] Consequently, while conventional fire alarm systems offer the advantage of rapid alarms in actual fire situations, they have limitations in effectively resolving malfunctions in non-fire situations, particularly false alarms caused by electrical leakage, moisture, and aging wiring. Such false alarms not only cause unnecessary dispatches by fire department managers and undermine the credibility of facility operators but can also lead to adverse effects, such as delayed response times during actual fires due to repeated false alarms. Therefore, conventional technology faces limitations in sufficiently ensuring the stability and reliability of fire monitoring systems, and there is a continuously raised need for improvements in fire status assessment technology that is more precise and fundamental.

[0010] Therefore, measures are needed to address the aforementioned problems. Prior art literature

[0011] Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2301794 (September 8, 2021) The problem to be solved

[0012] Accordingly, the present invention was created to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the objective of the present invention is to provide an R-type fire receiver system having a fire state determination function using transient response waveform analysis, which can distinguish between signals caused by actual fire and non-fire signals caused by leakage or moisture by analyzing the transient response waveform of an electrical signal flowing into the repeater input terminal of an R-type fire receiver system.

[0013] In addition, the present invention provides an R-type fire receiver system having a fire state determination function using transient response waveform analysis, which improves the accuracy and reliability of fire state determination by precisely analyzing the temporal characteristics of signal changes through high-resolution sampling while maintaining the hardware structure and wiring infrastructure of the existing fire receiver.

[0014] In addition, the present invention provides an R-type fire receiver system having a fire state determination function using transient response waveform analysis, which effectively reduces the possibility of malfunction caused by leakage current, condensation, aging wiring, etc., thereby reducing unnecessary fire alarms and improving the efficiency of fire fighting equipment operation and maintenance.

[0015] The purpose of the invention is not limited to the purposes mentioned above, and other unmentioned purposes will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below. means of solving the problem

[0016] An R-type fire receiver system having a fire state determination function using transient response waveform analysis according to an aspect of the present invention for achieving the above objective comprises: a detector that detects physical changes caused by the occurrence of a fire and outputs an electrical signal; a relay that receives the electrical signal output from the detector; a high-speed ADC sampling module provided at the input terminal of the relay that samples the electrical signal at high resolution; a waveform analysis module that analyzes the temporal change characteristics of the transient response waveform of the electrical signal obtained through the high-speed ADC sampling module; a fire state determination module that determines whether the electrical signal is a signal caused by an actual fire or a signal caused by a non-fire state based on the analysis result of the waveform analysis module; and an R-type fire receiver that displays a fire state or controls an interlocking facility according to the determination result of the fire state determination module.

[0017] In addition, in the R-type fire receiver system having a fire state determination function using transient response waveform analysis of the present invention, the high-speed ADC sampling module is characterized by being configured to sample the electrical signal at a sampling rate higher than that of a normal monitoring state, with the point in time when the voltage of the electrical signal received at the input terminal of the repeater changes to below a preset reference value as a trigger condition.

[0018] In addition, in an R-type fire receiver system having a fire state determination function using transient response waveform analysis of the present invention, the waveform analysis module is characterized by calculating a plurality of waveform feature parameters including a voltage change rate (dV / dt), a waveform variance value, and a signal stability from a transient response waveform obtained through the high-speed ADC sampling module, and distinguishing whether the change pattern of the electrical signal is in the form of a rapid short circuit or a gradual resistance change based on the calculated waveform feature parameters.

[0019] In addition, in an R-type fire receiver system having a fire state determination function using transient response waveform analysis according to the present invention, the fire state determination module sets a point in time when the voltage of an electrical signal detected at a repeater input terminal decreases to below a reference voltage by the waveform analysis module as a reference point, calculates the voltage change rate (dV / dt) during the first time interval based on a plurality of voltage data sampled by the high-speed ADC sampling module during a preset first time interval from the reference point by dividing the difference between the voltage drop start value and the end value by a time interval, and statistically calculates the variance value of the voltage data sampled during the first time interval; if the calculated voltage change rate is greater than or equal to a preset threshold slope value and simultaneously the variance value is less than or equal to a preset reference variance value, it determines it as a rapid and stable voltage drop signal caused by a mechanical short circuit of the detector contact and determines it as an actual fire state, and if the calculated voltage change rate is less than the threshold slope value or the variance value exceeds the reference variance value, it determines it as a gradual or unstable resistance change caused by wire insulation degradation, leakage current, or moisture penetration It is characterized by being equipped to determine a non-fire state by judging by a signal.

[0020] In addition, in the R-type fire receiver system having a fire state determination function using transient response waveform analysis of the present invention, the high-speed ADC sampling module is characterized by being configured to operate in a low-speed sampling mode during normal monitoring and to switch to a high-speed sampling mode only when the transient response is detected.

[0021] In addition, in an R-type fire receiver system having a fire state determination function using transient response waveform analysis of the present invention, the waveform analysis module and the fire state determination module are provided in the repeater, and are characterized in that a fire state determination for the electrical signal is performed at the repeater stage.

[0022] In addition, in the R-type fire receiver system having a fire state determination function using transient response waveform analysis of the present invention, the waveform analysis module and the fire state determination module are provided in the R-type fire receiver and are configured to perform fire state determination based on signal data transmitted from the relay.

[0023] In addition, in the R-type fire receiver system having a fire state determination function using transient response waveform analysis of the present invention, the waveform analysis module is provided in a repeater, and the fire state determination module is provided in an R-type fire receiver, so that waveform analysis and fire state determination are performed in a distributed structure.

[0024] In addition, the R-type fire receiver system having a fire state determination function using transient response waveform analysis of the present invention is characterized by being configured so that alarm output or interlocking equipment control is performed only when an actual fire state is determined according to the determination result of the fire state determination module.

[0025] In addition, in the R-type fire receiver system having a fire state determination function using transient response waveform analysis of the present invention, the waveform analysis module and the fire state determination module are characterized by being implemented in hardware, software, or a combination thereof. Effects of the invention

[0026] Accordingly, the present invention analyzes the temporal characteristics of the transient response waveform of an electrical signal collected at the input of a repeater, thereby enabling a fire state determination that considers both the speed and stability of voltage change, unlike conventional methods that rely on simple voltage drop. This has the advantage of being able to more precisely distinguish between an actual fire and a non-fire state caused by leakage or moisture.

[0027] In addition, the present invention improves the accuracy of fire detection through high-speed ADC sampling and waveform analysis while maintaining the hardware structure and wiring infrastructure of existing R-type fire receiver systems. This allows for a significant reduction in false alarms without the need for equipment replacement or additional wiring work, thereby contributing to reduced maintenance costs and improved system reliability.

[0028] Furthermore, since the present invention can distinguish and determine gradual or unstable electrical signals caused by leakage current, condensation, aging wiring, etc., from actual fire signals, it reduces unnecessary alarm generation and prevents the phenomenon of ignoring alarms due to repeated false alarms, thereby having the advantage of enabling a rapid and accurate response in the event of an actual fire.

[0029] The effects of the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other unmentioned effects will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description in the claims. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0030] FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an R-type fire receiver system according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a detailed configuration diagram showing an example of implementing the R-type fire receiver system of FIG. 1. Figure 3 is a detailed configuration diagram showing another example of implementing the R-type fire receiver system of Figure 1. Figure 4 is an example graph showing an example of a waveform applied to the R-type fire receiver system of Figure 1. And, Fig. 5 is a detailed configuration diagram showing the detailed configuration of the fire status determination module of Fig. 1. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0031] Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. However, the scope of the patent application is not limited or restricted by these embodiments. Identical reference numerals in each drawing indicate identical components.

[0032] Various modifications may be made to the embodiments described below. The embodiments described below are not intended to limit the forms of practice and should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents, and substitutions thereof.

[0033] Terms such as "first" or "second" may be used to describe various components, but these terms should be understood solely for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, a first component may be named a second component, and similarly, a second component may be named a first component.

[0034] The terms used in the embodiments are used merely to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the embodiments. A singular expression includes a plural expression unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this specification, phrases such as “A or B,” “at least one of A and B,” “at least one of A or B,” “A, B or C,” “at least one of A, B and C,” and “at least one of A, B, or C” may each include any one of the items listed together with the corresponding phrase, or any possible combination thereof. In this specification, terms such as “comprising” or “having” are intended to indicate the presence of the features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification, and should be understood as not precluding the existence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments pertain. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant technology, and should not be interpreted in an ideal or overly formal sense unless explicitly defined in this application.

[0036] In addition, when describing with reference to the attached drawings, identical components are assigned the same reference numeral regardless of drawing symbols, and redundant descriptions thereof are omitted. When describing the embodiments, if it is determined that a detailed description of related prior art could unnecessarily obscure the essence of the embodiments, such detailed description is omitted.

[0038] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

[0039] FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an R-type fire receiver system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] As illustrated in FIG. 1, the R-type fire receiver system (100) having a fire state determination function using transient response waveform analysis of the present invention comprises: a detector (110) that detects physical changes due to the occurrence of a fire and outputs an electrical signal; a relay (120) that receives the electrical signal output from the detector (110); a high-speed ADC sampling module (130) provided at the input terminal of the relay (120) and sampling the electrical signal at high resolution; a waveform analysis module (140) that analyzes the temporal change characteristics of the transient response waveform of the electrical signal obtained through the high-speed ADC sampling module (130); a fire state determination module (150) that determines whether the electrical signal is a signal caused by an actual fire or a signal caused by a non-fire state based on the analysis result of the waveform analysis module (140); and an R-type fire receiver (160) that displays the fire state or controls the interlocking equipment according to the determination result of the fire state determination module (150).

[0041] Here, the purpose of providing a high-speed ADC sampling module (130) at the input terminal of the repeater (120) is to most accurately acquire the transient response waveform of the electrical signal output from the detector (110). The electrical signal output from the detector (110) is initially introduced into the input terminal of the repeater (120), and at this stage, the signal is maintained in a state where it has not yet undergone subsequent processing such as digital conversion, communication protocol processing, or averaging. Therefore, the input terminal of the repeater (120) corresponds to the location where the original information of the transient response waveform, including the onset time of voltage drop, the rate of change, and minute fluctuation components, is best preserved. Accordingly, by placing the high-speed ADC sampling module (130) at the input terminal of the repeater (120), rapid and stable voltage changes caused by actual fire and gradual or unstable voltage changes caused by leakage or moisture intrusion can be precisely distinguished in terms of temporal characteristics.

[0042] In addition, signal sampling and waveform analysis performed through the high-speed ADC sampling module (130) are completed within the repeater (120), and the results processed by the high-speed ADC sampling module (130) and the waveform analysis module (140) are transmitted to the upper device as digital signal processing results, such as voltage change rate (dV / dt), variance value, or fire status determination result, rather than the analog waveform itself. That is, since the structure is not such that the raw analog waveform obtained by high-speed ADC sampling is transmitted through the network after the repeater (120), even if it is transmitted to the R-type fire receiver (160) through the existing network including the repeater (120), the risk that distortion or deformation of the transient response waveform will affect the determination result is significantly low.

[0043] Furthermore, since the network between the repeater (120) and the R-type fire receiver (160) is structured to reliably transmit safety-related information such as fire status and fault status, digital information that has already been determined, such as the signal processing result, can be managed through retransmission or error detection even if an error occurs during the communication process. Therefore, the possibility of the fire status being misjudged due to distortion or alteration of the meaning of the signal processing result processed by the high-speed ADC sampling module (130) as it reaches the R-type fire receiver (160) via the existing network including the repeater (120) is substantially eliminated.

[0044] In this way, the configuration of providing a high-speed ADC sampling module (130) at the input terminal of the repeater (120) not only ensures the accurate acquisition of transient response waveforms and the reliability of fire status determination, but also provides the effect of improving the accuracy of fire status determination while maintaining the network structure of the existing R-type fire receiver system.

[0045] The detector (110) is configured to detect physical changes, such as smoke, heat, or changes in the state of electrical contacts, that occur due to the occurrence of a fire, and to output an electrical signal corresponding thereto. Such a detector (110) can be implemented in various forms, such as a smoke detector, a heat detector, or a composite detector, and the present invention is not limited by the specific type of detector or detection method. The electrical signal output from the detector (110) may appear in the form of a contact short circuit or a change in resistance when a fire occurs.

[0046] The repeater (120) receives electrical signals output from multiple detectors (110) and transmits them to a higher-level device, and is used to expand the number of detectors and improve wiring efficiency. In the present invention, the repeater (120) is utilized as a front-end unit for signal processing to analyze the transient response characteristics of the detector signals, going beyond a simple signal transmission function. In particular, the input terminal of the repeater (120) is the point where the signal output from the detector (110) is received in a state prior to digital processing or communication conversion, and thus corresponds to the location where the original information of the signal is best preserved.

[0047] The high-speed ADC sampling module (130) is provided at the input terminal of the repeater (120) and configured to sample electrical signals input from the detector (110) at high resolution. The high-speed ADC sampling module (130) operates at a relatively low sampling rate during normal monitoring, but switches to a higher sampling rate than the normal monitoring state when the voltage of the input signal decreases below a preset reference value as a trigger condition, thereby allowing for intensive sampling of signals in the transient response interval. Through this, the temporal characteristics of rapid voltage changes occurring during a fire can be precisely captured.

[0048] The waveform analysis module (140) is configured to analyze the transient response waveform of an electrical signal obtained through the high-speed ADC sampling module (130). The waveform analysis module (140) can calculate multiple waveform characteristic parameters, such as the voltage change rate (dV / dt) in the voltage drop section, the variance value of the voltage data, the amplitude of the signal fluctuation, or the stability. These waveform characteristic parameters are used as basic data to distinguish between a rapid and stable signal caused by a mechanical short circuit of the detector contact and a gradual or unstable signal caused by leakage current or moisture intrusion.

[0049] The fire state determination module (150) is configured to determine whether an input signal is a signal caused by an actual fire or a signal caused by a non-fire state based on the analysis results of the waveform analysis module (140). The fire state determination module (150) sets a point in time when the voltage decreases below a reference voltage as a reference point, and compares the voltage change rate and variance values ​​during a set time interval from the reference point. If a preset threshold condition is satisfied, it determines it to be an actual fire state, and if not, it determines it to be a non-fire state caused by leakage current, moisture, or insulation degradation. This determination process provides the advantage of significantly reducing false alarms compared to a simple threshold comparison method.

[0050] The R-type fire receiver (160) is configured to receive the determination result of the fire status determination module (150) and to display the fire status or control interlocking equipment such as alarm bells, broadcasting equipment, and fire extinguishing equipment. According to the present invention, since the result of the initial precise determination by high-speed ADC sampling and waveform analysis is transmitted to the R-type fire receiver (160), it is possible to reduce unnecessary alarms while enabling a rapid and accurate response in the event of an actual fire.

[0051] Meanwhile, although the high-speed ADC sampling module (130), waveform analysis module (140), and fire status determination module (150) in the present invention are all described as being provided in the relay (120), they are not limited thereto, and some functions may be provided in the R-type fire receiver (160), or implemented in a distributed manner between the relay (120) and the R-type fire receiver (160). In addition, the modules may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination thereof, and various modifications are possible depending on the system configuration and application environment.

[0052] More specifically, a high-speed ADC sampling module (130) is provided at the input terminal of the repeater (120), and the high-speed ADC sampling module (130) detects the point in time when the voltage of the electrical signal input from the detector (110) decreases below a preset reference value and sets this as a trigger condition. The high-speed ADC sampling module (130) operates at a relatively low sampling rate in a normal monitoring state to minimize system resource consumption, and is configured to switch to a sampling rate higher than that in the normal monitoring state only when the trigger condition is satisfied, thereby intensively sampling the electrical signal in the transient response section. Through this, the initial section of the rapid voltage change that occurs when a fire occurs can be accurately captured.

[0053] The transient response waveform obtained through the high-speed ADC sampling module (130) is transmitted to the waveform analysis module (140). The waveform analysis module (140) is configured to calculate a plurality of waveform characteristic parameters, including the voltage change rate (dV / dt), the variance value of the voltage data, and the amplitude or stability of the signal, from the transient response waveform. Here, the voltage change rate can be calculated by dividing the voltage difference between the start and end points of the voltage drop by the corresponding time interval, and the variance value can be calculated as the statistical variance of the voltage data sampled during a set time interval. These waveform characteristic parameters are used as basic information to distinguish whether the pattern of change in the electrical signal is a sudden change caused by a mechanical short circuit of the detector contact, or a gradual change in resistance due to wire insulation degradation or moisture penetration.

[0054] The fire state determination module (150) is configured to receive waveform characteristic parameters calculated by the waveform analysis module (140) and determine whether a fire state exists. The fire state determination module (150) sets the point in time when the voltage of the electrical signal at the input terminal of the repeater (120) decreases to below a reference voltage as a reference point, and sets the sampling data during a preset first time interval from the reference point as the target for analysis. If the voltage change rate during the first time interval is greater than or equal to a preset threshold slope value and simultaneously the variance value of the voltage data is less than or equal to a preset reference variance value, it can be determined as a signal of rapid and stable voltage drop caused by a mechanical short circuit of the detector contact, thereby determining it as an actual fire state. On the other hand, if the voltage change rate is less than the threshold slope value or the variance value exceeds the reference variance value, it can be determined as a signal of gradual or unstable resistance change caused by wire insulation degradation, leakage current, or moisture penetration, thereby determining it as a non-fire state.

[0055] Meanwhile, the waveform analysis module (140) and the fire status determination module (150) may be provided in the relay (120) or in the R-type fire receiver (160) depending on the implementation form, or they may be implemented in a distributed structure where the waveform analysis module (140) is provided in the relay (120) and the fire status determination module (150) is provided in the R-type fire receiver (160). According to this distributed structure, a primary analysis of the transient response waveform is performed at the relay (120) stage, and a final fire status determination can be performed at the upper R-type fire receiver (160) based on the analysis results, thereby simultaneously securing system scalability and processing efficiency.

[0056] In addition, by configuring the alarm output or interlocking equipment control to be performed only when the actual fire condition is determined according to the determination result of the fire condition determination module (150), unnecessary alarms caused by non-fire factors such as short circuits or moisture can be effectively reduced. This prevents the phenomenon of ignoring alarms due to repeated false alarms and enables a more rapid and accurate response in the event of an actual fire.

[0057] The high-speed ADC sampling module (130), waveform analysis module (140), and fire state determination module (150) described above may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination thereof, and various modifications are possible depending on the system's processing performance, installation environment, or cost conditions. For example, the waveform analysis algorithm may be implemented in the form of firmware, and the fire state determination logic may be implemented as a processor-based software module. This diversity of implementation methods implies that the present invention is not limited to a specific form of implementation and can be applied broadly.

[0058] FIG. 2 is a detailed configuration diagram showing an example of implementing the R-type fire receiver system of FIG. 1.

[0059] That is, a high-speed ADC sampling module (130) is provided at the input terminal of the repeater (120), and a waveform analysis module (140) and a fire status determination module (150) are provided together inside the repeater (120). According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, an electrical signal output from a detector (110) is fed into the input terminal of the repeater (120), and the high-speed ADC sampling module (130) is directly connected to the input terminal to sample the detector signal in real time. The high-speed ADC sampling module (130) operates at a relatively low sampling rate during normal monitoring, but when it detects a point in time when the voltage of the input signal decreases below a preset reference value, it switches to a sampling rate higher than that of the normal monitoring state using this as a trigger condition. Accordingly, a transient response waveform including the initial section where the voltage drop begins can be acquired at high resolution.

[0060] The transient response waveform obtained through the high-speed ADC sampling module (130) is transmitted to a waveform analysis module (140) provided inside the repeater (120). The waveform analysis module (140) is configured to calculate a plurality of waveform characteristic parameters, such as the voltage change rate, the variance value of the voltage data, the amplitude of the signal fluctuation, or the stability, from the sampled voltage data. At this time, the voltage change rate can be calculated by dividing the voltage difference between the start and end points of the voltage drop by the corresponding time interval, and the variance value can be calculated as the statistical variance of the voltage data during a set time interval.

[0061] The waveform characteristic parameters calculated by the waveform analysis module (140) are transmitted to the fire state determination module (150). The fire state determination module (150) is configured to set a point in time when the voltage decreases below a reference voltage as a reference point, and to determine whether a fire state exists by comparing the voltage change rate and variance value during a preset first time interval from the reference point. For example, if the voltage change rate is greater than or equal to a preset threshold slope value and the variance value is simultaneously less than or equal to a reference variance value, it can be determined as a rapid and stable voltage drop caused by a mechanical short circuit of the detector contact, thereby determining it as an actual fire state. On the other hand, if the voltage change rate is less than the threshold slope value or the variance value exceeds the reference variance value, it can be determined as a gradual or unstable signal caused by wire insulation degradation, leakage current, or moisture infiltration, thereby determining it as a non-fire state.

[0062] In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, since both the waveform analysis module (140) and the fire state determination module (150) are provided in the relay (120), transient response analysis and fire state determination for the electrical signal input from the detector (110) are performed at the relay (120) stage. Accordingly, only result information that has already been determined is transmitted to the upper R-type fire receiver (160), so the risk of the signal processing result being distorted or altered is significantly reduced even if it passes through an existing network.

[0063] Meanwhile, the configuration illustrated in FIG. 2 is merely one embodiment, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, some functions of the waveform analysis module (140) and the fire status determination module (150) may be provided in the R-type fire receiver (160), or may be implemented in a distributed manner between the relay (120) and the R-type fire receiver (160). Additionally, the high-speed ADC sampling module (130), the waveform analysis module (140), and the fire status determination module (150) may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination thereof, and various modifications are possible depending on system performance requirements or the installation environment.

[0064] As such, the detailed configuration shown in FIG. 2 presents a specific embodiment that can improve the accuracy of fire judgment and effectively reduce the occurrence of false fire alarms by performing transient response waveform analysis and fire state determination at the repeater (120) stage.

[0065] Figure 3 is a detailed configuration diagram showing another example of implementing the R-type fire receiver system of Figure 1.

[0066] That is, the configuration is illustrated such that a high-speed ADC sampling module (130) is provided at the input terminal of the repeater (120), and a waveform analysis module (140) and a fire status determination module (150) are provided in an R-type fire receiver (160) rather than the repeater (120). According to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3, an electrical signal output from a detector (110) is fed into the input terminal of the repeater (120), and a high-speed ADC sampling module (130) is provided at the input terminal to sample voltage changes of the detector signal at high resolution. The high-speed ADC sampling module (130) operates at a relatively low sampling speed in a normal monitoring state, but switches to a sampling speed higher than that of the normal monitoring state by using the point in time when the voltage of the input electrical signal decreases below a preset reference value as a trigger condition, thereby enabling precise acquisition of the initial transient response section where the voltage drop begins.

[0067] Sampling data obtained through the high-speed ADC sampling module (130) is transmitted to the upper device, the R-type fire receiver (160), via the repeater (120). Since the data transmitted at this time is not a raw analog waveform but voltage data digitized by high-speed ADC sampling or signal data based thereon, the risk of the meaning of the signal being distorted or altered is significantly low even when passing through an existing network including the repeater (120).

[0068] A waveform analysis module (140) provided on the side of the R-type fire receiver (160) is configured to receive sampling data transmitted from the repeater (120) and analyze the temporal change characteristics of the transient response waveform. By calculating a plurality of waveform characteristic parameters such as the voltage change rate, the variance value of the voltage data, the amplitude of the signal fluctuation, or the stability, the waveform analysis module (140) can distinguish whether the pattern of change in the electrical signal is a sudden change caused by a mechanical short circuit of the detector contact, or a gradual change in resistance caused by wire insulation degradation or moisture penetration.

[0069] The fire state determination module (150) is configured to determine whether a fire state exists based on the analysis results of the waveform analysis module (140). The fire state determination module (150) sets a point in time when the voltage decreases below a reference voltage as a reference point, and compares the voltage change rate and variance value during a preset time interval from the reference point. If the set threshold condition is satisfied, it determines that it is an actual fire state, and if not, it determines that it is a non-fire state caused by leakage current, moisture, or insulation degradation.

[0070] In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3, since the waveform analysis module (140) and the fire status determination module (150) are provided in the R-type fire receiver (160), the repeater (120) focuses on the signal acquisition and transmission functions through high-speed ADC sampling, and the waveform analysis and fire status determination processing, which involve a relatively large amount of computation, are performed in the central device, the R-type fire receiver (160). Accordingly, there is an advantage in that the batch management and updating of the analysis algorithm becomes easy even in a large-scale system where multiple repeaters (120) are connected.

[0071] Meanwhile, the configuration illustrated in FIG. 3 is merely one embodiment, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the high-speed ADC sampling module (130) may be provided in the repeater (120), the waveform analysis module (140) may be provided in the repeater (120), and only the fire status determination module (150) may be provided in the R-type fire receiver (160) in a distributed structure. In addition, the waveform analysis module (140) and the fire status determination module (150) may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination thereof, and various modifications are possible depending on the scale of the system, processing performance requirements, or installation environment.

[0072] Accordingly, the detailed configuration shown in FIG. 3 presents another specific embodiment that improves the accuracy of fire status determination by centrally analyzing and determining transient response waveforms obtained through high-speed ADC sampling.

[0073] FIG. 4 is an example graph showing an example of a waveform applied to the R-type fire receiver system of FIG. 1, illustrating the voltage change characteristics that appear after an electrical signal output from a detector (110) is sampled by a high-speed ADC sampling module (130) at the input terminal of a repeater (120) along the time axis.

[0074] As shown in Figure 4, the vertical axis of the graph represents voltage and the horizontal axis represents time, and different transient response waveforms are observed in the section where voltage drop occurs. At this time, on the graph, the waveform caused by an actual fire is labeled 'Actual Fire', and the waveform caused by leakage current or moisture intrusion is labeled 'Progressive / Moisture'.

[0075] First, the waveform labeled 'actual fire' represents a voltage drop characteristic caused by a mechanical short circuit of the detector contact or a rapid electrical change equivalent thereto. The waveform is characterized by the voltage rapidly dropping within a very short time after the point where the voltage drops below the reference voltage, and the voltage change rate (dV / dt) appears large. In addition, the waveform after the voltage drop remains relatively stable, showing a limited range of voltage fluctuation or noise components over time. These characteristics can be clearly captured by the transient response section being sampled at high resolution by the high-speed ADC sampling module (130).

[0076] In contrast, the waveform labeled 'Progressive / Moisture' represents voltage drop characteristics caused by factors where electrical resistance changes gradually, such as wire insulation degradation, leakage current, or moisture infiltration. In this waveform, the rate of voltage change appears relatively gradual in the section where the voltage decreases below the reference voltage, and there is a tendency for irregular fluctuations or noise components to overlap during the voltage drop process. Consequently, it is characterized by a relatively large variance value of the voltage data over the same time interval.

[0077] According to the present invention, such transient response waveforms obtained through a high-speed ADC sampling module (130) are analyzed by a waveform analysis module (140), and a plurality of waveform characteristic parameters, such as voltage change rate, voltage data variance value, and signal stability, are calculated. Subsequently, a fire state determination module (150) is configured to determine a real fire state based on the waveform characteristic parameters when it has rapid and stable voltage drop characteristics, such as the 'real fire' waveform shown in FIG. 4, and to determine a non-fire state when it has gradual or unstable voltage change characteristics, such as the 'progressive / humidity' waveform.

[0078] Meanwhile, the waveform shown in FIG. 4 is merely an example, and depending on the actual application environment, the magnitude of the voltage drop, the rate of change of voltage, and the detailed shape of the waveform may vary depending on the type of detector, wiring length, installation environment, etc. Accordingly, the critical slope value, the dispersion reference value, and the analysis time interval applied to the waveform analysis module (140) and the fire state determination module (150) can be variably set to suit the system environment.

[0079] And, Fig. 5 is a detailed configuration diagram showing the detailed configuration of the fire status determination module of Fig. 1.

[0080] As illustrated in FIG. 5, the fire state determination module (150) is configured to include a reference point setting unit (151), an analysis section setting unit (152), a waveform parameter calculation unit (153), a condition comparison judgment unit (154), a fire determination unit (155a), and a non-fire determination unit (155b).

[0081] The reference point setting unit (151) is configured to set the point in time when the voltage of the electrical signal detected at the input terminal of the repeater (120) decreases to a preset reference voltage or lower as the reference point (T0). This reference point refers to the point in time when the transient response waveform begins and is used as a reference point for subsequent signal analysis. Through this, the point in time when the voltage drop begins can be clearly defined, and temporal consistency of the analysis target section can be ensured.

[0082] The analysis interval setting unit (152) is configured to set a first time interval (T1) that is pre-set from a reference time point (T0) set by the reference time point setting unit (151) as the analysis target interval. The first time interval is a interval in which transient response characteristics appear most distinctly, and can be set as a time range suitable for evaluating the speed and stability of voltage change. The length of this time interval can be variably set according to the system environment or detector characteristics.

[0083] The waveform parameter calculation unit (153) is configured to calculate a plurality of waveform parameters using voltage data sampled during the analysis target interval set by the analysis interval setting unit (152). Specifically, the waveform parameter calculation unit (153) calculates the voltage change rate (dV / dt) by dividing the difference between the voltage drop start value and end value by the corresponding time interval, and calculates the statistical variance value for the voltage data during the same analysis target interval. These waveform parameters are used as indicators to quantitatively evaluate whether the pattern of change of the electrical signal is rapid and stable.

[0084] The condition comparison judgment unit (154) is configured to compare the voltage change rate and variance value calculated by the waveform parameter calculation unit (153) with a preset threshold slope value and reference variance value. The condition comparison judgment unit (154) determines whether the voltage change rate is greater than or equal to the threshold slope value and whether the variance value of the voltage data is less than or equal to the reference variance value, respectively, and branches to a subsequent determination step depending on whether these conditions are satisfied.

[0085] When the above conditions are all satisfied as a result of the judgment of the condition comparison judgment unit (154), the judgment result is transmitted to the fire determination unit (155a). The fire determination unit (155a) is configured to determine the actual fire state by determining the rapid and stable voltage drop signal caused by the mechanical short circuit of the detector (110) contact, and to output a corresponding fire state signal.

[0086] On the other hand, if the judgment result of the condition comparison judgment unit (154) indicates that any of the above conditions are not satisfied, the judgment result is transmitted to the non-fire determination unit (155b). The non-fire determination unit (155b) is configured to determine a non-fire state by judging a gradual or unstable voltage change signal caused by wire insulation degradation, leakage current, or moisture penetration, and to output a corresponding non-fire state signal.

[0087] The determination result output from the fire determination unit (155a) or the non-fire determination unit (155b) is transmitted to the R-type fire receiver (160) and utilized for subsequent operations such as fire status display, alarm bell output, or interlocking equipment control. At this time, by configuring the alarm bell output or interlocking equipment control to be performed only when an actual fire status is determined, the occurrence of false alarms caused by leakage current or moisture can be effectively reduced.

[0088] Meanwhile, the configuration of the fire state determination module (150) illustrated in FIG. 5 is merely one embodiment, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the waveform parameter calculation unit (153) may be extended to calculate additional waveform parameters, such as the average value of the signal, fluctuation range, and frequency components, in addition to the voltage change rate and variance value. Furthermore, the threshold slope value and reference variance value of the condition comparison judgment unit (154) may be dynamically adjusted according to the system installation environment or detector characteristics.

[0089] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the attached drawings, those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention may be implemented in other specific forms without changing its technical concept or essential features. Therefore, the embodiments described above should be understood as illustrative in all respects and not restrictive. Industrial applicability

[0090] In addition, the present invention is intended to provide an R-type fire receiver system having a fire state determination function using transient response waveform analysis, which can distinguish between signals caused by actual fire and non-fire signals caused by leakage or moisture by analyzing the transient response waveform of an electrical signal flowing into the repeater input terminal of an R-type fire receiver system. As such, the invention is industrially applicable as it is sufficiently capable of commercialization or business and can be clearly implemented in reality. Explanation of the symbols

[0091] 100: R-type fire receiver system with fire status determination function using transient response waveform analysis 110 : Detector 120 : Repeater 130: High-speed ADC sampling module 140: Waveform Analysis Module 150: Fire Status Determination Module 160 : R-type fire alarm receiver

Claims

Claim 1 A detector that detects physical changes caused by the occurrence of a fire and outputs an electrical signal; a repeater that receives the electrical signal output from the detector; a high-speed ADC sampling module provided at the input terminal of the repeater and sampling the electrical signal at high resolution; a waveform analysis module that analyzes the temporal change characteristics of the transient response waveform of the electrical signal acquired through the high-speed ADC sampling module; and a fire state determination module that determines whether the electrical signal is a signal caused by an actual fire or a signal caused by a non-fire state based on the analysis results of the waveform analysis module.The system includes an R-type fire receiver that displays a fire status or controls an interlocking facility according to the determination result of the fire status determination module. The waveform analysis module calculates a plurality of waveform characteristic parameters, including a voltage change rate (dV / dt), a waveform variance value, and signal stability, from a transient response waveform obtained through the high-speed ADC sampling module, and is configured to distinguish whether the change pattern of the electrical signal is in the form of a rapid short circuit or a gradual resistance change based on the calculated waveform characteristic parameters. The fire status determination module sets a reference point at which the voltage of the electrical signal detected at the repeater input terminal decreases below a reference voltage by the waveform analysis module, calculates the voltage change rate (dV / dt) during the first time interval based on a plurality of voltage data sampled by the high-speed ADC sampling module during a preset first time interval from the reference point by dividing the difference between the voltage drop start value and the end value by a time interval, and statistically calculates the variance value of the voltage data sampled during the first time interval, and the calculated voltage change rate is based on a preset An R-type fire receiver system having a fire state determination function using transient response waveform analysis, characterized by being configured to determine an actual fire state by judging it as a rapid and stable voltage drop signal caused by a mechanical short circuit of the detector contact when the threshold slope value is greater than or equal to and simultaneously the variance value is less than or equal to a preset reference variance value, and to determine a non-fire state by judging it as a gradual or unstable resistance change signal caused by wire insulation degradation, leakage current, or moisture infiltration when the calculated voltage change rate is less than the threshold slope value or the variance value exceeds the reference variance value. Claim 2 An R-type fire receiver system having a fire state determination function using transient response waveform analysis, wherein, in claim 1, the high-speed ADC sampling module is configured to sample the electrical signal at a sampling rate higher than that of a normal monitoring state, using the point in time when the voltage of the electrical signal received at the input terminal of the repeater changes to below a preset reference value as a trigger condition. Claim 3 delete Claim 4 delete Claim 5 An R-type fire receiver system having a fire state determination function using transient response waveform analysis, characterized in that, in claim 1, the high-speed ADC sampling module operates in a low-speed sampling mode during normal monitoring and switches to a high-speed sampling mode only when the transient response is detected. Claim 6 An R-type fire receiver system having a fire state determination function using transient response waveform analysis, characterized in that, in claim 1, the waveform analysis module and the fire state determination module are provided in the repeater so as to perform fire state determination for the electrical signal at the repeater stage. Claim 7 An R-type fire receiver system having a fire state determination function using transient response waveform analysis, characterized in that, in claim 1, the waveform analysis module and the fire state determination module are provided in the R-type fire receiver so as to perform fire state determination based on signal data transmitted from the repeater. Claim 8 An R-type fire receiver system having a fire state determination function using transient response waveform analysis, characterized in that, in claim 1, the waveform analysis module is provided in a repeater and the fire state determination module is provided in an R-type fire receiver, so that waveform analysis and fire state determination are performed in a distributed structure. Claim 9 An R-type fire receiver system having a fire state determination function using transient response waveform analysis, characterized in that, in claim 1, alarm output or interlocking equipment control is performed only when an actual fire state is determined according to the determination result of the fire state determination module. Claim 10 An R-type fire receiver system having a fire state determination function using transient response waveform analysis, characterized in that, in claim 1, the waveform analysis module and the fire state determination module are implemented in hardware, software, or a combination thereof.

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