Energy storage system

Abstract

The present invention relates to an energy storage device comprising a container, a rack frame disposed inside the container, a plurality of battery modules housed in the rack frame, and a venting channel that penetrates the container and is connected to the internal space and the external space of the container, wherein the venting channel is configured to change the flow direction of gas flowing in from the internal space of the container at least once.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an energy storage device, and more specifically, to an energy storage device capable of smoothly discharging flames and gases generated by thermal runaway of a battery. Background Technology

[0003] An Energy Storage System (ESS) is a system that stores and manages energy to enable efficient use. These systems are primarily utilized in power plants, transmission and distribution facilities, homes, factories, and businesses. They store generated electricity through the power grid and supply the pre-stored electricity when it is required, thereby increasing energy efficiency.

[0004] In particular, energy storage devices can store electricity generated through renewable energy sources such as solar power or wind power, in addition to electricity generated through conventional thermal or nuclear power generation, which helps to suppress peak electricity usage depending on the season or time of day, facilitates the response to power supply crises, and helps improve power quality.

[0005] Energy storage devices are configured with multiple battery modules densely packed inside a container. However, conventional energy storage container designs focus merely on ensuring thermal insulation and blocking external air, resulting in limitations in effectively dissipating heat and gases in the event of battery thermal runaway. Prior art literature

[0007] (Patent Document 0001) US 2021-0313650 A1(Patent Document 0002) US 2023-0327235 A1(Patent Document 0003) US 2022-0320697 A1(Patent Document 0004) KR 10-2020-0140011 A

[0008] Qianran Hu, et al. Numerical study on batteries thermal runaway explosion-venting risk and structural dynamic response in energy storage system container.Chunyuan Liu et al. Study on explosion venting efficacy of thermal runaway gases from lithium-ion batteries in a confined space: Impact of venting area. The problem to be solved

[0009] The present invention was devised to improve upon the aforementioned problems, and an objective according to one aspect of the present invention is to provide an energy storage device capable of smoothly discharging flames and gases generated by thermal runaway of a battery. means of solving the problem

[0011] An energy storage device according to the present invention for solving the above technical problem comprises: a container; a rack frame disposed inside the container; a plurality of battery modules housed in the rack frame; and a venting channel penetrating the container and connected to the internal space and the external space of the container, wherein the venting channel is configured to change the flow direction of gas flowing in from the internal space of the container at least once.

[0012] The above container includes a plurality of panels arranged to surround the rack frame, and the venting channel can penetrate any one of the panels.

[0013] The above venting channels are provided in multiple numbers, and each of the above venting channels can penetrate different panels.

[0014] The panel comprises an inner wall layer; an outer wall layer spaced apart from the inner wall layer; and an intermediate layer disposed between the inner wall layer and the outer wall layer, and the venting channel comprises an inlet channel penetrating the inner wall layer; an outlet channel penetrating the outer wall layer; and a damping channel disposed inside the intermediate layer and connected to the inlet channel and the outlet channel, and at least a portion of the damping channel may be disposed to intersect the inlet channel or the outlet channel.

[0015] The above inlet channel and the above outlet channel may be arranged offset from each other with respect to the thickness direction of the panel.

[0016] The energy storage device may include a first filter disposed inside the inlet channel and blocking the passage of flames entering from the interior space of the container.

[0017] The energy storage device may further include a second filter disposed inside the inlet channel and blocking the passage of foreign substances entering from the internal space of the container.

[0018] The first filter and the second filter are spaced apart along the extension direction of the inflow channel, and the distance from the inlet of the inflow channel to the first filter may be greater than the distance from the inlet of the inflow channel to the second filter.

[0019] The above intermediate layer includes a heat dissipation layer spaced apart from the inner wall layer and the outer wall layer; and the damping channel may include a first damping channel disposed between the inner wall layer and the heat dissipation layer and connected to the inlet channel; a second damping channel disposed between the outer wall layer and the heat dissipation layer and connected to the outlet channel; and a third damping channel penetrating the heat dissipation layer and connected to the first damping channel and the second damping channel.

[0020] The above intermediate layer may further include heat dissipation fins that extend from the heat dissipation layer and protrude into the external space of the container.

[0021] The above intermediate layer is disposed inside the heat dissipation layer and may further include a cooling channel through which cooling water flows.

[0022] The volume of the first damping channel may be larger than the volume of the inflow channel.

[0023] The cross-sectional area of ​​the first damping channel may be larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the inflow channel.

[0024] The inlet of the first damping channel and the outlet of the first damping channel may be arranged offset from each other with respect to the thickness direction of the panel.

[0025] The first damping channel can be extended in a zigzag shape from the inflow channel toward the third damping channel.

[0026] The first damping channel comprises a plurality of first transmission channels arranged parallel to each other between the inner wall layer and the heat dissipation layer; and one or more first switching channels arranged intersecting the first transmission channels and connecting adjacent first transmission channels, wherein at least one of the first transmission channels and the first switching channels may be arranged intersecting the inflow channel.

[0027] The volume of the second damping channel may be larger than the volume of the first damping channel.

[0028] The cross-sectional area of ​​the second damping channel may be larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first damping channel.

[0029] The inlet of the second damping channel and the outlet of the second damping channel may be arranged offset from each other with respect to the thickness direction of the panel.

[0030] The second damping channel can be extended in a zigzag shape from the third damping channel toward the discharge channel.

[0031] The inlet of the third damping channel and the outlet of the third damping channel may be arranged offset from each other.

[0032] The third damping channel can be extended in a zigzag shape from the first damping channel toward the second damping channel.

[0033] The energy storage device may further include a first rib protruding from the intermediate layer into the interior of the first damping channel; and a second rib protruding from the intermediate layer into the interior of the second damping channel. Effects of the invention

[0035] According to the present invention, in the event of thermal runaway of a battery module, safety accidents caused by the rapid discharge of high-temperature and high-pressure gas can be prevented by reducing the initial flow rate, pressure, and temperature of the gas generated from the battery module.

[0036] According to the present invention, smooth gas discharge performance can be secured while maintaining the structural rigidity of the container.

[0037] According to the present invention, the functions of reducing gas pressure and flow rate and reducing gas temperature are shared by different channels, thereby improving the ease of channel design and reducing the possibility of channel damage.

[0038] According to the present invention, the flow rate and pressure of the gas introduced into the venting channel are reduced in stages, thereby preventing gas stagnation caused by a sudden decrease in flow rate and pressure.

[0039] According to the present invention, the thickness of the panel can be prevented from increasing excessively by relatively increasing the length of the gas flow within a limited space. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0041] FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing the configuration of an energy storage device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view schematically showing the configuration of an energy storage device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of a venting channel according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a side view schematically showing the configuration of an inflow channel and a first damping channel according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is an enlarged view schematically showing the configuration of the first filter and the second filter according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically illustrating the gas discharge operation process of an energy storage device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is an enlarged view schematically showing the configuration of a panel and a venting channel according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically illustrating the gas discharge operation process of an energy storage device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is an enlarged view schematically showing the configuration of a panel and a venting channel according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is an enlarged view schematically showing the configuration of a panel and a venting channel according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is an enlarged view schematically showing the configuration of the first rib according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a front view schematically showing the configuration of an energy storage device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0042] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings. Prior to this, terms and words used in this specification and claims should not be interpreted as being limited to their ordinary or dictionary meanings. Instead, based on the principle that the inventor may appropriately define the concepts of terms to best describe his invention, they should be interpreted in a meaning and concept consistent with the technical spirit of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations illustrated in the drawings are merely some of the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical spirit of the present invention; thus, various equivalents and modifications that can replace them may exist at the time of filing this application. Furthermore, as used in this specification, "comprise" or "include" and / or "comprising" or "including" specify the presence of the mentioned features, numbers, steps, actions, parts, elements, and / or groups thereof, and do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, actions, parts, elements, and / or groups. In addition, when describing embodiments of the present invention, "may" and "may be" may include "one or more embodiments of the present invention."

[0043] Additionally, to aid in understanding the invention, the attached drawings are not drawn to actual scale, and the dimensions of some components may be exaggerated. Furthermore, the same reference numerals may be assigned to identical components in different embodiments.

[0044] The statement that two subjects of comparison are 'identical' means that they are 'substantially identical.' Therefore, substantial identity may include deviations considered low in the industry, for example, deviations within 5%. Additionally, the statement that a parameter is uniform in a given area may mean that it is uniform from an average perspective.

[0045] Although terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used to describe various components, it goes without saying that these components are not limited by these terms. These terms are used merely to distinguish one component from another, and unless specifically stated otherwise, the first component may also be the second component.

[0046] Throughout the specification, unless specifically stated otherwise, each component may be singular or plural.

[0047] The fact that any configuration is placed on the "upper (or lower)" of a component or on the "upper (or lower)" of a component may mean not only that any configuration is placed in contact with the upper (or lower) surface of said component, but also that another configuration may be interposed between said component and any configuration placed on (or below) said component.

[0048] Furthermore, where it is stated that one component is "connected," "coupled," or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that while said components may be directly connected or connected to each other, another component may be "interposed" between each component, or that each component may be "connected," "coupled," or "connected" through another component. Additionally, when it is stated that a part is electrically coupled with another part, this includes not only cases where they are directly connected but also cases where they are connected with another component in between.

[0049] FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing the configuration of an energy storage device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view schematically showing the configuration of an energy storage device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the energy storage device according to the present embodiment includes a container (100), a rack frame (200), a battery module (300), and a venting channel (400).

[0051] The container (100) forms the general outline of the energy storage device and can accommodate the rack frame (200), battery module (300), and venting channel (400) in its entirety.

[0052] The container (100) according to the present embodiment may have a box shape with an empty interior. The cross-sectional shape of the container (100) can be designed to be various shapes other than the rectangle shown in the drawing.

[0053] The container (100) according to the present embodiment may include a plurality of panels (101).

[0054] Each panel (101) may be a unit structure of the container (100) that individually forms a part of the exterior of the container (100).

[0055] The panel (101) according to the present embodiment may have a rectangular flat plate shape having a predetermined width, height, and thickness. A plurality of panels (101) may be arranged to surround the interior space of the container (100). An adjacent pair of panels (101) may be arranged perpendicular to each other.

[0056] In this embodiment, the panels (101) may be formed in six. One panel (101) may be placed in the floor area of ​​the container (100), another panel (101) may be placed in the ceiling area of ​​the container (100), and the remaining four panels (101) may be placed in the side wall area of ​​the container (100). Accordingly, the container (100) may have a roughly rectangular shape. However, the number and arrangement of the panels (101) are not limited to this, and various design changes are possible depending on the shape of the container (100), etc.

[0057] The panel (101) may have a layered structure in which multiple layers are stacked along the thickness direction. The specific cross-sectional structure of the panel (101) will be described later.

[0058] The rack frame (200) is placed inside the container (100) and can support the battery module (300) inside the container (100).

[0059] The rack frame (200) according to the present embodiment may have a shelf shape with multiple storage spaces formed along the vertical direction. The rack frame (200) may be formed of a material with high rigidity, such as steel, to prevent damage caused by the load applied from the battery module (300).

[0060] Multiple panels (101) can be arranged to completely wrap around the rack frame (200). The lower part of the rack frame (200) can be placed on the panels (101) arranged in the floor area of ​​the container (100).

[0061] A plurality of rack frames (200) may be provided. A plurality of rack frames (200) may be spaced apart from each other within the interior space of the container (100). A plurality of rack frames (200) may be arranged to form various patterns, such as a grid pattern, within the interior space of the container (100).

[0062] The battery module (300) can function as a unit structure that stores and supplies power in an energy storage device.

[0063] The battery module (300) according to the present embodiment may include a housing and a plurality of battery cells disposed inside the housing.

[0064] The housing can have the shape of a rectangular prism. However, the shape of the housing is not limited to this, and the design can be modified into various forms.

[0065] The battery cell may be a lithium secondary battery capable of performing charging and discharging operations of power. The battery cell may be any one of a prismatic battery cell, a cylindrical battery cell, and a pouch-type battery cell.

[0066] A plurality of battery modules (300) may be provided. A plurality of battery modules (300) may be accommodated in each rack frame (200). A plurality of battery modules (300) may be individually accommodated in different storage spaces of the rack frame (200). A plurality of battery modules (300) may be electrically interconnected by a bus bar or the like.

[0067] The energy storage device according to the present embodiment may further include a control module that controls the charging and discharging operations of a plurality of battery modules (300). A plurality of control modules may be provided. Each control module may be individually housed in different rack frames (200). Each control module is electrically connected to a plurality of battery modules (300) housed in the rack frame (200) and can individually control the charging and discharging operations of the battery modules (300).

[0068] The venting channel (400) penetrates the container (100) and can be connected to the internal space and external space of the container (100). When the battery module (300) is operating normally, the venting channel (400) can function as a ventilation passage for exchanging internal air and external air of the container (100). When the battery module (300) undergoes thermal runaway, the venting channel (400) can function as a passage for discharging gases, etc., generated from the battery module (300).

[0069] The venting channel (400) can be configured to change the flow direction of the gas flowing in from the internal space of the container (100) at least once during the thermal runaway of the battery module (300). Accordingly, the venting channel (400) can prevent safety accidents caused by the rapid discharge of high temperature and high pressure gas by reducing the initial flow velocity, pressure, and temperature of the gas during the process in which the gas generated from the battery module (300) is discharged to the outside of the container (100).

[0070] In this embodiment, the venting channel (400) can penetrate any one of the plurality of panels (101) of the container (100). Although FIG. 2 illustrates the venting channel (400) penetrating one of the panels (101) constituting the side wall of the container (100) as an example, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is also possible for the venting channel (400) to be configured to penetrate the panels (101) constituting the ceiling area and floor area of ​​the container (100).

[0071] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of a venting channel according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0072] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, the panel (101) according to the present embodiment may include an inner wall layer (110), an outer wall layer (120), and an intermediate layer (130).

[0073] The inner wall layer (110) can form the exterior of the inner portion of the panel (101) that is positioned to face the interior space of the container (100) within the entire area of ​​the panel (101).

[0074] The inner wall layer (110) according to the present embodiment may include an inner skin layer (111) and an inner insulation layer (112).

[0075] The inner layer (111) forms the innermost outer surface of the panel (101) and can function as a component that secures the structural rigidity of the inner wall layer (110).

[0076] The inner layer (111) according to the present embodiment may have a flat plate shape having a predetermined width, height, and thickness. The thickness of the inner layer (111) may be smaller than the total thickness of the panel (101).

[0077] The inner layer (111) may be directly exposed to the interior space of the container (100). The inner layer (111) may be spaced apart from the rack frame (200) housed inside the container (100) at a predetermined distance.

[0078] The inner layer (111) can be formed of a metal material with high rigidity, such as steel, to prevent damage caused by a load applied to the panel (101).

[0079] The inner insulation layer (112) can block heat exchange between the inner space and the outer space of the container (100).

[0080] The inner insulation layer (112) according to the present embodiment may have a flat plate shape having a predetermined width and thickness. The width and height of the inner insulation layer (112) may be the same as the width and height of the panel (101).

[0081] The thickness of the inner insulation layer (112) may be smaller than the total thickness of the panel (101). The thickness of the inner insulation layer (112) and the thickness of the inner skin layer (111) may be the same as each other, or they may be formed differently.

[0082] The inner insulation layer (112) may be placed on the outside of the inner layer (111). For example, the inner insulation layer (112) may be placed between the inner layer (111) and the intermediate layer (130). Accordingly, damage to the inner insulation layer (112) due to direct exposure of the inner insulation layer (112) can be prevented.

[0083] The inner surface of the inner insulation layer (112) may come into contact with the outer surface of the inner skin layer (111). The inner insulation layer (112) may be fixed to the inner skin layer (111) by various types of joining methods, such as welding, bonding, bolting, and snap-fitting.

[0084] The inner insulation layer (112) can be formed from an insulating material having insulating properties, such as inorganic fiber, polystyrene, urethane foam, ceramic, aerogel, mica, etc. Accordingly, the inner insulation layer (112) can prevent rapid temperature changes of the battery module (300) by blocking heat transfer between the inner and outer spaces of the container (100), and can prevent the external diffusion of heat caused by thermal runaway of the battery module (300).

[0085] The outer wall layer (120) can form the exterior of the outer portion of the panel (101) that is positioned to face the outer space of the container (100) within the entire area of ​​the panel (101).

[0086] The inner wall layer (110) and the outer wall layer (120) may be spaced apart at a predetermined distance along the thickness direction of the panel (101). Accordingly, a space may be secured between the inner wall layer (110) and the outer wall layer (120) where an intermediate layer (130), which will be described later, can be installed.

[0087] The outer wall layer (120) according to the present embodiment may include an outer skin layer (121) and an outer insulation layer (122). In the following description, the outer wall layer (120) is described as an example of including the outer insulation layer (122), but the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is also possible for the outer wall layer (120) to be configured not to include the outer insulation layer (122).

[0088] The outer layer (121) forms the outermost exterior of the panel (101) and can function as a component that secures the structural rigidity of the outer wall layer (120).

[0089] The outer layer (121) according to the present embodiment may have a flat plate shape having a predetermined width, height, and thickness. The thickness of the outer layer (121) may be smaller than the total thickness of the panel (101).

[0090] The outer layer (121) may be spaced apart from the inner insulation layer (112) at a predetermined distance along the thickness direction of the panel (101). The outer surface of the outer layer (121) may be directly exposed to the external space of the container (100).

[0091] The outer layer (121) can be formed of a metal material with high rigidity, such as steel, to prevent damage caused by a load applied to the panel (101).

[0092] The outer insulation layer (122) can block heat exchange between the inner space and the outer space of the container (100) together with the inner insulation layer (112). In this embodiment, as the inner insulation layer (112) and the outer insulation layer (122) are formed on the inner wall layer (110) and the outer wall layer (120), respectively, the insulation performance of the panel (101) can be further improved.

[0093] The outer insulation layer (122) according to the present embodiment may have a flat plate shape having a predetermined width and thickness. The width and height of the outer insulation layer (122) may be the same as the width and height of the panel (101).

[0094] The thickness of the outer insulation layer (122) may be smaller than the total thickness of the panel (101). The thickness of the outer insulation layer (122) and the thickness of the outer skin layer (121) may be the same as each other, or they may be formed differently.

[0095] The outer insulation layer (122) may be placed on the inner side of the outer skin layer (121). For example, the outer insulation layer (122) may be placed between the outer skin layer (121) and the intermediate layer (130). Accordingly, damage to the outer insulation layer (122) due to direct exposure of the outer insulation layer (122) can be prevented.

[0096] The outer surface of the outer insulation layer (122) may come into contact with the inner surface of the outer skin layer (121). The outer insulation layer (122) may be fixed to the outer skin layer (121) by various types of joining methods, such as welding, bonding, bolting, and snap-fitting.

[0097] The outer insulation layer (122) can be formed from an insulating material having insulating properties, such as inorganic fiber, polystyrene, urethane foam, ceramic, aerogel, mica, etc. Accordingly, the outer insulation layer (122) can prevent rapid temperature changes of the battery module (300) by blocking heat transfer between the inner and outer spaces of the container (100), and can prevent the external diffusion of heat caused by thermal runaway of the battery module (300).

[0098] An intermediate layer (130) may be placed between the inner wall layer (110) and the outer wall layer (120). The intermediate layer (130) may form the appearance of the middle portion of the panel (1010) located between the inner wall layer (110) and the outer wall layer (120) within the entire area of ​​the panel (101).

[0099] The intermediate layer (130) according to the present embodiment may include a heat dissipation layer (131), a first intermediate frame (132), and a second intermediate frame (133).

[0100] The heat dissipation layer (131) forms the central exterior of the intermediate layer (130) and can support the first intermediate frame (132) and the second intermediate frame (133) as a whole.

[0101] The heat dissipation layer (131) according to the present embodiment may have a flat plate shape having a predetermined width and thickness. The width and height of the heat dissipation layer (131) may be the same as the width and height of the panel (101).

[0102] The heat dissipation layer (131) may be disposed between the inner wall layer (110) and the outer wall layer (120), more specifically between the inner insulation layer (112) and the outer insulation layer (122). The heat dissipation layer (131) may be spaced apart from the inner wall layer (110) and the outer wall layer (120). The inner surface of the heat dissipation layer (131) may be disposed at a predetermined distance along the thickness direction of the inner insulation layer (112) and the panel (101). The outer surface of the heat dissipation layer (131) may be disposed at a predetermined distance along the thickness direction of the outer insulation layer (122) and the panel (101).

[0103] The heat dissipation layer (131) may include a metal material with high thermal conductivity, such as aluminum, silver, copper, or tungsten. Accordingly, the heat dissipation layer (131) can rapidly cool the gas flowing through the venting channel (400) through heat exchange with the gas flowing through the venting channel (400).

[0104] The thickness of the heat dissipation layer (131) may be greater than the thickness of the inner wall layer (110) and the outer wall layer (120). Accordingly, the energy storage device according to the present embodiment can further improve the cooling performance for the gas flowing through the venting channel (400) by securing a relatively large heat capacity of the heat dissipation layer (131).

[0105] A portion of the heat dissipation layer (131) may be exposed to the internal or external space of the container (100). For example, an edge portion of the heat dissipation layer (131) may be directly exposed to the internal or external space of the container (100). Accordingly, the heat dissipation layer (131) can ensure continuous cooling performance by releasing heat absorbed from the gas flowing through the venting channel (400) to the external space of the panel (101).

[0106] Alternatively, the heat dissipation layer (131) may be thermally connected to the inner layer (111) or outer layer (121) by means of a separate bracket or the like. In this case, the heat dissipation layer (131) can release heat absorbed from the gas flowing through the venting channel (400) to the external space of the panel (101) through the inner layer (111) or outer layer (121).

[0107] However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the heat dissipation layer (131) may also be arranged to be sealed between the inner wall layer (110) and the outer wall layer (120).

[0108] The first intermediate frame (132) and the second intermediate frame (133) may each be placed on both sides of the heat dissipation layer (131). The first intermediate frame (132) and the second intermediate frame (133) may function as a configuration that provides a space for gas flow through the venting channel (400) described later on both sides of the heat dissipation layer (131).

[0109] The first intermediate frame (132) according to the present embodiment may have a flat plate shape having a predetermined width and thickness. The width and height of the first intermediate frame (132) may be the same as the width and height of the panel (101).

[0110] The first intermediate frame (132) can be positioned between the heat dissipation layer (131) and the inner insulation layer (112). Both sides of the first intermediate frame (132) can be contacted and fixed to the inner surface of the heat dissipation layer (131) and the outer surface of the inner insulation layer (112), respectively.

[0111] The thickness of the first intermediate frame (132) may be greater than the thickness of the inner wall layer (110) and smaller than the thickness of the heat dissipation layer (131).

[0112] The second intermediate frame (133) according to the present embodiment may have a flat plate shape having a predetermined width and thickness. The width and height of the second intermediate frame (133) may be the same as the width and height of the panel (101).

[0113] The second intermediate frame (133) can be positioned between the heat dissipation layer (131) and the outer insulation layer (122). Both sides of the second intermediate frame (133) can be contacted and fixed to the outer surface of the heat dissipation layer (131) and the inner surface of the outer insulation layer (122), respectively.

[0114] The thickness of the second intermediate frame (133) may be greater than the thickness of the outer wall layer (120) and smaller than the thickness of the heat dissipation layer (131).

[0115] The first intermediate frame (132) and the second intermediate frame (133) may include a metal material with high thermal conductivity, such as aluminum, silver, copper, or tungsten. Accordingly, the first intermediate frame (132) and the second intermediate frame (133) can rapidly cool the gas flowing through the venting channel (400) through heat exchange with the gas flowing through the venting channel (400) together with the heat dissipation layer (131). However, the first intermediate frame (132) and the second intermediate frame (133) are not limited to this, and it is also possible for them to be formed of a material different from the heat dissipation layer (131), such as plastic material.

[0116] The venting channel (400) according to the present embodiment may include an inlet channel (410), an outlet channel (420), and a damping channel (430).

[0117] The inlet channel (410) can penetrate the inner wall layer (110). The inlet channel (410) can function as a passage for gases, flames, and foreign substances generated from the internal space of the container (100) to flow into the venting channel (400) during thermal runaway of the battery module (300).

[0118] The inlet channel (410) according to the present embodiment may have the form of a hole penetrating the inner wall layer (110) in the thickness direction of the panel (101). The inlet (411) of the inlet channel (410) may penetrate the inner layer (111) of the inner wall layer (110), and the outlet (412) of the inlet channel (410) may penetrate the inner insulation layer (112) of the inner wall layer (110). The inlet (411) of the inlet channel (410) and the outlet (412) of the inlet channel (410) may be arranged to face each other along the thickness direction of the panel (101). The extension direction of the inlet channel (410) may be arranged parallel to the thickness direction of the panel (101).

[0119] The cross-sectional shape of the inflow channel (410) can be designed to have various shapes, such as polygons and ellipses, in addition to circular shapes.

[0120] The exhaust channel (420) can penetrate the outer wall layer (120). The exhaust channel (420) can function as a configuration for finally discharging gas, etc. that has passed through the venting channel (400) into the external space of the container (100).

[0121] The discharge channel (420) according to the present embodiment may have the form of a hole penetrating the outer wall layer (120) in the thickness direction of the panel (101). The inlet (421) of the discharge channel (420) may penetrate the outer insulation layer (122) of the outer wall layer (120), and the outlet (422) of the discharge channel (420) may penetrate the outer skin layer (121) of the outer wall layer (120). The inlet (421) of the discharge channel (420) and the outlet (422) of the discharge channel (420) may be arranged to face each other along the thickness direction of the panel (101). The extension direction of the discharge channel (420) may be arranged parallel to the thickness direction of the panel (101).

[0122] The cross-sectional shape of the discharge channel (420) can be designed to have various shapes, such as polygons and ellipses, in addition to a circular shape.

[0123] The inlet channel (410) and the outlet channel (420) may be arranged offset from each other along the thickness direction of the panel (101). More specifically, the inlet channel (410) and the outlet channel (420) may not face each other along the thickness direction of the panel (101), but may be arranged spaced apart along the height direction of the panel (101) or the width direction of the panel (101). Accordingly, the inlet channel (410) and the outlet channel (420) can change the flow direction of the gas flowing through the damping channel (430) to a direction that intersects the inlet channel (410) and the outlet channel (420).

[0124] For example, when a venting channel (400) is formed in a panel (101) that forms the side wall of a container (100), an inlet channel (410) and an outlet channel (420) may be spaced apart vertically along the height direction of the panel (101).

[0125] In this embodiment, the inlet channel (410) can penetrate the upper region of the inner wall layer (110). Accordingly, compared to the case where the inlet channel (410) is positioned on the lower side of the inner wall layer (110), high-temperature gas generated during thermal runaway of the battery module (300) can flow more smoothly into the inlet channel (410).

[0126] In this embodiment, the exhaust channel (420) can penetrate the lower region of the outer wall layer (120). Accordingly, the exhaust channel (420) discharges gas toward the floor surface of the external space of the container (100), thereby preventing safety accidents to workers located adjacent to the container (100).

[0127] However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and when the venting channel (400) is formed in a panel (101) that forms the bottom or ceiling surface of the container (100), the positions of the inlet channel (410) and the outlet channel (420) can be varied within a range of positions that do not face each other along the thickness direction of the panel (101).

[0128] The damping channel (430) is positioned inside the intermediate layer (130) and can be connected to the inlet channel (410) and the outlet channel (420). The damping channel (430) can provide a path through which gas introduced into the inlet channel (410) can be transferred to the outlet channel (420). The damping channel (430) can be configured to reduce at least one of the flow rate, pressure, and temperature of the gas introduced into the inlet channel (410).

[0129] At least a portion of the damping channel (430) may be positioned to intersect the inlet channel (410) or the outlet channel (420). Accordingly, the damping channel (430) can extend the flow distance of the gas and reduce the initial flow velocity, pressure, and temperature of the gas by diverting the flow direction of the gas introduced into the interior to a direction that intersects the inlet channel (410) or the outlet channel (420).

[0130] The damping channel (430) according to the present embodiment may include a first damping channel (431), a second damping channel (432), and a third damping channel (433).

[0131] The first damping channel (431) can be positioned between the inner wall layer (110) and the heat dissipation layer (131). The first damping channel (431) is connected to the inlet channel (410) and can receive gas from the inlet channel (410).

[0132] The first damping channel (431) according to the present embodiment may be placed inside the first intermediate frame (132) located between the inner insulation layer (112) and the heat dissipation layer (131). The first damping channel (431) may be configured in the form of an empty space formed inside the first intermediate frame (132), or alternatively, it may be formed in the form of a chamber or pipe and installed inside the first intermediate frame (132).

[0133] The inlet (431a) of the first damping channel (431) penetrates the first intermediate frame (132) and can be connected to the outlet (412) of the inlet channel (410). Accordingly, gas passing through the inlet channel (410) can be delivered into the interior of the first damping channel (431) through the inlet (431a) of the first damping channel (431).

[0134] The outlet (431b) of the first damping channel (431) penetrates the heat dissipation layer (131) and can be connected to the inlet (433a) of the third damping channel (433). Accordingly, gas passing through the first damping channel (431) can be transferred to the third damping channel (433) through the outlet (431b) of the first damping channel (431).

[0135] In this embodiment, the inlet (431a) of the first damping channel (431) and the outlet (431b) of the first damping channel (431) may be arranged so as to be offset from each other with respect to the thickness direction of the panel (101). More specifically, the inlet (431a) of the first damping channel (431) and the outlet (431b) of the first damping channel (431) may not face each other along the thickness direction of the panel (101), but may be arranged spaced apart along the height direction of the panel (101) or the width direction of the panel (101). Accordingly, the first damping channel (431) can cause the flow direction of the gas to flow in a direction that intersects the inlet channel (410) and the outlet channel (420).

[0136] For example, when a venting channel (400) is formed in a panel (101) that forms the side wall of a container (100), the inlet (431a) of the first damping channel (431) and the outlet (431b) of the first damping channel (431) may be spaced apart vertically along the height direction of the panel (101). Alternatively, the inlet (431a) of the first damping channel (431) and the outlet (431b) of the first damping channel (431) may be spaced apart along the width direction of the panel (101). Accordingly, the flow direction of the gas introduced into the inlet (431a) of the first damping channel (431) can be changed to a direction that intersects with the inlet channel (410). Accordingly, the first damping channel (431) can reduce the pressure of the gas due to friction loss, etc., by increasing the flow length of the gas between the inlet channel (410) and the discharge channel (420).

[0137] FIG. 4 is a side view schematically showing the configuration of an inflow channel and a first damping channel according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0138] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 4, the volume of the first damping channel (431) may be larger than the volume of the inflow channel (410).

[0139] The cross-sectional area of ​​the first damping channel (431) may be larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the inflow channel (410). The cross-sectional area of ​​the first damping channel (431) and the cross-sectional area of ​​the inflow channel (410) may refer to cross-sectional areas perpendicular to the direction of gas flow. For example, the width (L1) and thickness of the first damping channel (431) may both be larger than the diameter (D1) of the inflow channel (410). Accordingly, the first damping channel (431) can reduce the flow velocity of the gas received from the inflow channel (410).

[0140] The length of the first damping channel (431) may be greater than the length of the inflow channel (410). The length of the first damping channel (431) and the length of the inflow channel (410) may represent lengths parallel to the direction of gas flow. Accordingly, the first damping channel (431) can reduce the pressure of the gas received from the inflow channel (410) through friction loss, etc.

[0141] The second damping channel (432) can be positioned between the outer wall layer (120) and the heat dissipation layer (131). The second damping channel (432) is connected to the exhaust channel (420) and can deliver gas to the exhaust channel (420).

[0142] The second damping channel (432) according to the present embodiment may be placed inside the second intermediate frame (133) located between the outer insulation layer (122) and the heat dissipation layer (131). The second damping channel (432) may be configured in the form of an empty space formed inside the second intermediate frame (133), or alternatively, it may be formed in the form of a chamber or pipe and installed inside the second intermediate frame (133).

[0143] The inlet (432a) of the second damping channel (432) penetrates the heat dissipation layer (131) and can be connected to the outlet (433b) of the third damping channel (433). Accordingly, gas passing through the third damping channel (433) can be transferred to the second damping channel (432) through the outlet (433b) of the third damping channel (433).

[0144] The outlet (432b) of the second damping channel (432) penetrates the second intermediate frame (133) and can be connected to the inlet (421) of the discharge channel (420). Accordingly, gas passing through the second damping channel (432) can be delivered to the discharge channel (420) through the outlet (432b) of the second damping channel (432).

[0145] In this embodiment, the inlet (432a) of the second damping channel (432) and the outlet (432b) of the second damping channel (432) may be arranged offset from each other with respect to the thickness direction of the panel (101). More specifically, the inlet (432a) of the second damping channel (432) and the outlet (432b) of the second damping channel (432) may not face each other along the thickness direction of the panel (101), but may be arranged spaced apart along the height direction of the panel (101) or the width direction of the panel (101). Accordingly, the second damping channel (432) can cause the flow direction of the gas to flow in a direction that intersects the inlet channel (410) and the outlet channel (420).

[0146] For example, when a venting channel (400) is formed in a panel (101) that forms the side wall of a container (100), the inlet (432a) of the second damping channel (432) and the outlet (432b) of the second damping channel (432) may be spaced apart vertically along the height direction of the panel (101). Alternatively, the inlet (432a) of the second damping channel (432) and the outlet (432b) of the second damping channel (432) may be spaced apart along the width direction of the panel (101). Accordingly, the flow direction of the gas introduced into the inlet (432a) of the second damping channel (432) can be changed to a direction that intersects with the inlet channel (410). Accordingly, the second damping channel (432) can reduce the pressure of the gas due to friction loss, etc., by increasing the flow length of the gas between the inlet channel (410) and the discharge channel (420).

[0147] In this embodiment, as the first damping channel (431) and the second damping channel (432) are respectively positioned on both sides of the third damping channel (433) with the heat dissipation layer (131) in between, the pressure and flow rate of the gas transferred from the inlet channel (410) to the outlet channel (420) can be reduced more effectively.

[0148] In this embodiment, the volume of the second damping channel (432) may be larger than the volume of the first damping channel (431). For example, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second damping channel (432) may be larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first damping channel (431). The length of the second damping channel (432) may be the same as the length of the first damping channel (431) and may be larger than the length of the first damping channel (431). Accordingly, the pressure and flow velocity of the gas introduced into the damping channel (430) may be reduced stepwise as it passes through the first damping channel (431) and the second damping channel (432).

[0149] The third damping channel (433) penetrates the heat dissipation layer (131) and can be connected to the first damping channel (431) and the second damping channel (432). The third damping channel (433) can function as a configuration that transmits gas discharged from the first damping channel (431) to the second damping channel (432). Additionally, as the third damping channel (433) penetrates the heat dissipation layer (131), the third damping channel (433) can function as a configuration that provides a flow path in which the temperature of the gas transmitted to the second damping channel (432) is reduced.

[0150] The third damping channel (433) according to the present embodiment may be disposed inside the heat dissipation layer (131). The third damping channel (433) may be configured in the form of an empty space formed inside the heat dissipation layer (131), or alternatively, it may be formed in the form of a chamber or pipe and installed inside the heat dissipation layer (131).

[0151] The inlet (433a) of the third damping channel (433) penetrates the inner surface of the heat dissipation layer (131) and can be connected to the outlet (431b) of the first damping channel (431). The outlet (433b) of the third damping channel (433) penetrates the outer surface of the heat dissipation layer (131) and can be connected to the inlet (432a) of the second damping channel (432).

[0152] In this embodiment, the inlet (433a) of the third damping channel (433) and the outlet (433b) of the third damping channel (433) may be arranged offset from each other with respect to the thickness direction of the panel (101). More specifically, the inlet (433a) of the third damping channel (433) and the outlet (433b) of the third damping channel (433) may not face each other along the thickness direction of the panel (101), but may be arranged spaced apart along the height direction of the panel (101) or the width direction of the panel (101). Accordingly, the third damping channel (433) may cause the flow direction of the gas to flow in a direction that intersects the inlet channel (410) and the outlet channel (420), and increase the cooling efficiency of the gas by increasing the residence time of the gas in the heat dissipation layer (131).

[0153] For example, when a venting channel (400) is formed in a panel (101) that forms the side wall of a container (100), the inlet (433a) of the third damping channel (433) and the outlet (433b) of the third damping channel (433) may be spaced apart vertically along the height direction of the panel (101). Alternatively, the inlet (433a) of the third damping channel (433) and the outlet (433b) of the third damping channel (433) may also be spaced apart along the width direction of the panel (101).

[0154] FIG. 5 is an enlarged view schematically showing the configuration of the first filter and the second filter according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0155] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 5, the energy storage device according to the present embodiment may include a first filter (510) and a second filter (520). Hereinafter, the energy storage device will be described as an example of including both the first filter (510) and the second filter (520), but the present invention is not limited thereto and it is also possible to configure it to include only the first filter (510).

[0156] The first filter (510) may be placed inside the inlet channel (410). The first filter (510) may be configured to block flames (B) entering the inlet channel (410) from the internal space of the container (100) from passing through the inlet channel (410) in the event of thermal runaway of the battery module (300). Accordingly, the first filter (410) can prevent flames from being discharged to the external space of the container (100) and prevent damage to the damping channel (430).

[0157] The first filter (510) according to the present embodiment may be formed in the form of a plate having a plurality of mesh holes arranged in a grid shape, which allows the passage of gas (A) introduced into the inlet channel (410) but blocks the passage of flame (B). The first filter (510) may be formed from a material with high heat resistance, for example, at least one of stainless steel, copper, nickel, titanium, silver, tungsten, aluminum, or an alloy thereof.

[0158] The central axis of the first filter (510) may be positioned coaxially with the central axis of the inflow channel (410). The outer surface of the first filter (510) may be fixed to the inner surface of the inflow channel (410) by various types of joining methods, such as compression, welding, bolting, and snap-fitting.

[0159] The second filter (520) may be placed inside the inlet channel (410). The second filter (520) may be configured to block foreign substances (C), such as dust and debris, from entering the inlet channel (410) from the internal space of the container (100) during thermal runaway of the battery module (300) and passing through the inlet channel (410). Accordingly, the second filter (520) can prevent the damping channel (430) from being blocked by foreign substances.

[0160] The second filter (520) according to the present embodiment may be formed in the shape of a plate having a plurality of mesh holes arranged in a grid pattern, which allows the passage of gas (A) introduced into the inlet channel (410) but blocks the passage of foreign substances (C). The cross-sectional area of ​​the mesh holes formed in the second filter (520) may be larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the mesh holes formed in the first filter (510).

[0161] The second filter (520) may be formed from a material with high heat resistance, for example, at least one of stainless steel, copper, nickel, titanium, silver, tungsten, aluminum, or an alloy thereof.

[0162] The first filter (510) and the second filter (520) may be spaced apart along the extension direction of the inflow channel (410). For example, the distance from the inlet (411) of the inflow channel (410) to the first filter (510) may be greater than the distance from the inlet (411) of the inflow channel (410) to the second filter (520). That is, the second filter (520) may be positioned upstream of the inflow channel (410) than the first filter (510). Accordingly, foreign substances (C) introduced into the inflow channel (410) are primarily filtered by the second filter (520), and flames introduced into the inflow channel (410) pass through the second filter (520) and the first filter (510) sequentially and can be extinguished more effectively.

[0163] The operation process of an energy storage device according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

[0164] FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically illustrating the gas discharge operation process of an energy storage device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0165] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 6, when the battery module (300) undergoes thermal runaway due to overcharging, etc., gas, flames, and foreign substances released from the battery module (300) into the internal space of the container (100) can be introduced into the inlet (411) of the inlet channel (410).

[0166] Flames and foreign substances introduced into the inlet channel (410) are blocked from flowing by the first filter (510) and the second filter (520), respectively, and gas introduced into the inlet channel (410) can be transferred to the first damping channel (431) through the outlet (412) of the inlet channel (410).

[0167] As the inlet (431a) and outlet (431b) of the first damping channel (431) are positioned offset from each other with respect to the thickness direction of the panel (101), the flow direction of the gas delivered to the first damping channel (431) is switched to a direction parallel to the panel (101) and can flow along the first damping channel (431).

[0168] In this process, the pressure of the gas flowing through the first damping channel (431) can be reduced by friction between the gas and the inner wall of the first damping channel (431). As the cross-sectional area of ​​the first damping channel (431) is formed to be larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the inflow channel (410), the flow velocity of the gas introduced into the first damping channel (431) can also be reduced.

[0169] Afterwards, the gas can be transferred to the third damping channel (433) through the outlet (431b) of the first damping channel (431).

[0170] The gas flowing through the third damping channel (433) exchanges heat with the heat dissipation layer (131), and the heat contained in the gas flowing through the third damping channel (433) can be absorbed by the heat dissipation layer (131). Accordingly, the temperature of the gas can be lowered during the process of flowing through the third damping channel (433).

[0171] Afterwards, the gas can be transferred to the second damping channel (432) through the outlet (433b) of the third damping channel (433).

[0172] The flow direction of the gas introduced into the second damping channel (432) is changed to a direction parallel to the panel (101) and can flow along the second damping channel (432).

[0173] In this process, the pressure of the gas flowing through the first damping channel (431) can be reduced by friction between the gas and the inner wall of the first damping channel (431).

[0174] In addition, as the cross-sectional area of ​​the second damping channel (432) is formed to be larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first damping channel (431), the flow velocity of the gas introduced into the second damping channel (432) can be reduced even more significantly.

[0175] Afterwards, the gas can be discharged into the external space of the container (100) through the outlet (422) of the discharge channel (420).

[0176] Hereinafter, an energy storage device according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0177] The energy storage device according to the present embodiment differs from the energy storage device according to the first embodiment of the present invention in that only the detailed configuration of the venting channel (400) is different. Since the description of the first embodiment can be applied identically to other configurations, redundant descriptions are omitted.

[0178] FIG. 7 is an enlarged view schematically showing the configuration of a panel and a venting channel according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing the gas discharge operation process of an energy storage device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0179] Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, the first damping channel (431) according to the present embodiment may be extended in a zigzag shape from the inlet channel (410) toward the third damping channel (433). Accordingly, the first damping channel (431) can more effectively reduce the pressure and flow velocity of the gas by relatively increasing the length of the gas flow within the same space.

[0180] The first damping channel (431) according to the present embodiment may include a first transmission channel (431c) and a first switching channel (431d).

[0181] In this embodiment, the inlet (431a) and outlet (431b) of the first damping channel (431) may be arranged offset from each other along the thickness direction of the panel (101), or alternatively, they may be arranged facing each other along the thickness direction of the panel (101).

[0182] The first transfer channel (431c) can provide a gas flow path between the inlet (431a) and outlet (431b) of the first damping channel (431). The first transfer channel (431c) may be provided in multiple numbers. Multiple first transfer channels (431c) may be arranged parallel to each other between the inner wall layer (110) and the heat dissipation layer (131).

[0183] The first switching channel (431d) can interconnect the first transfer channel (431c) that is adjacently positioned between the inner wall layer (110) and the heat dissipation layer (131). The first switching channel (431d) can function as a configuration that transfers gas flowing through one of the adjacent first transfer channels (431c) to the other first transfer channel (431c).

[0184] The first switching channel (431d) may be arranged to intersect the first transmission channel (431c). Accordingly, gas flowing through a pair of adjacent first transmission channels (431c) may flow in opposite directions through the first switching channel (431d).

[0185] The first switching channel (431d) may be formed as one or more. When the first transmission channel (431c) is formed as three or more, the first switching channel (431d) may be provided as a plurality, and when the first transmission channel (431c) is formed as two, the first switching channel (431d) may be provided as a single unit.

[0186] At least one of the first transmission channel (431c) and the first switching channel (431d) may be arranged to intersect with respect to the inlet channel (410). Accordingly, the flow direction of the gas transmitted from the inlet channel (410) to the first damping channel (431) may be switched at least once.

[0187] In the following description, the first transmission channel (431c) is arranged to intersect with the inflow channel (410), and the first switching channel (431d) is arranged parallel to the inflow channel (410). However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is also possible to configure the first transmission channel (431c) to intersect with the inflow channel (410) while the first switching channel (431d) is arranged to intersect with the inflow channel (410), or for both the first transmission channel (431c) and the first switching channel (431d) to intersect with the inflow channel (410).

[0188] The first transmission channel (431c) according to the present embodiment may be arranged parallel to the height direction of the panel (101). A plurality of first transmission channels (431c) may be arranged at predetermined intervals along the thickness direction of the panel (101) between the inner wall layer (110) and the heat dissipation layer (131). The number of first transmission channels (431c) is not limited to that shown in FIG. 7, and the design can be changed to a variety of numbers.

[0189] The first switching channel (431d) according to the present embodiment may be arranged parallel to the thickness direction of the panel (101). Both ends of the first switching channel (431d) may each be connected to one end of a pair of first transmission channels (431c) adjacent to each other along the thickness direction of the panel (101).

[0190] When the first transmission channel (431c) is formed in three or more, the first switching channel (431d) may be provided in multiple numbers. In this case, different first switching channels (431d) may be connected to each end of the first transmission channel (431c) located in the middle among the three first transmission channels (431c) arranged along the thickness direction of the panel (101). Accordingly, multiple first transmission channels (431c) are connected in series with each other, and the gas flowing through adjacent first transmission channels (431c) may flow in opposite directions.

[0191] According to the present embodiment, the second damping channel (432) may extend in a zigzag shape from the third damping channel (433) toward the discharge channel (420). Accordingly, the second damping channel (432) can more effectively reduce the pressure and flow velocity of the gas by relatively increasing the flow length of the gas within the same space.

[0192] In this embodiment, the inlet (432a) and outlet (432b) of the second damping channel (432) may be arranged offset from each other along the thickness direction of the panel (101), or alternatively, they may be arranged facing each other along the thickness direction of the panel (101).

[0193] The second damping channel (432) according to the present embodiment may include a second transmission channel (432c) and a second switching channel (432d).

[0194] The second transfer channel (432c) can provide a gas flow path between the inlet (432a) and outlet (432b) of the second damping channel (432). The second transfer channel (432c) may be provided in multiple numbers. Multiple second transfer channels (432c) may be arranged parallel to each other between the outer wall layer (120) and the heat dissipation layer (131).

[0195] The second switching channel (432d) can interconnect the second transfer channel (432c) that is adjacently positioned between the outer wall layer (120) and the heat dissipation layer (131). The second switching channel (432d) can function as a configuration that transfers gas flowing through one of the adjacent second transfer channels (432c) to the other second transfer channel (432c).

[0196] The second switching channel (432d) may be arranged to intersect the second transmission channel (432c). Accordingly, gas flowing through a pair of adjacent second transmission channels (432c) may flow in opposite directions through the second switching channel (432d).

[0197] The second switching channel (432d) may be formed as one or more. When the second transmission channel (432c) is formed as three or more, the second switching channel (432d) may be provided as a plurality, and when the second transmission channel (432c) is formed as two, the second switching channel (432d) may be provided as a single unit.

[0198] At least one of the second transmission channel (432c) and the second switching channel (432d) may be arranged to intersect with the discharge channel (420). Accordingly, the flow direction of the gas transmitted from the second damping channel (432) to the discharge channel (420) may be switched at least once.

[0199] In the following description, the second transmission channel (432c) is arranged to intersect with the discharge channel (420), and the second switching channel (432d) is arranged parallel to the discharge channel (420). However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is also possible to configure the second transmission channel (432c) to intersect with the discharge channel (420) while the second switching channel (432d) is arranged to intersect with the discharge channel (420), or for both the second transmission channel (432c) and the second switching channel (432d) to intersect with the discharge channel (420).

[0200] The second transmission channel (432c) according to the present embodiment may be arranged parallel to the height direction of the panel (101). A plurality of second transmission channels (432c) may be arranged at predetermined intervals along the thickness direction of the panel (101) between the outer wall layer (120) and the heat dissipation layer (131). The number of second transmission channels (432c) is not limited to that shown in FIG. 7, and the design can be changed to a variety of numbers.

[0201] The second switching channel (432d) according to the present embodiment may be arranged parallel to the thickness direction of the panel (101). Both ends of the second switching channel (432d) may each be connected to one end of a pair of adjacent second transmission channels (432c) along the thickness direction of the panel (101).

[0202] When three or more second transmission channels (432c) are formed, multiple second switching channels (432d) may be provided. In this case, different second switching channels (432d) may be connected to each end of the second transmission channel (432c) located in the middle among the three second transmission channels (432c) arranged along the thickness direction of the panel (101). Accordingly, multiple second transmission channels (432c) are connected in series with each other, and gas flowing through adjacent second transmission channels (432c) may flow in opposite directions.

[0203] According to the present embodiment, the third damping channel (433) may be extended in a zigzag shape from the first damping channel (431) toward the second damping channel (432). Accordingly, the third damping channel (433) can more effectively reduce the temperature of the gas by relatively increasing the length of the gas flow within the same space.

[0204] In this embodiment, the inlet (433a) and outlet (433b) of the third damping channel (433) may be arranged offset from each other along the thickness direction of the panel (101), or alternatively, they may be arranged facing each other along the thickness direction of the panel (101).

[0205] The third damping channel (433) according to the present embodiment may include a third transmission channel (433c) and a third switching channel (433d).

[0206] The third transfer channel (433c) can provide a gas flow path between the inlet (433a) and the outlet (433b) of the third damping channel (433). The third transfer channel (433c) may be provided in multiple numbers. Multiple third transfer channels (433c) may be arranged parallel to each other within the heat dissipation layer (131).

[0207] The third switching channel (433d) can interconnect adjacent third transfer channels (433c) within the heat dissipation layer (131). The third switching channel (433d) can function as a configuration that transfers gas flowing through one adjacent third transfer channel (433c) to the other third transfer channel (433c).

[0208] The third switching channel (433d) may be arranged to intersect the third delivery channel (433c). Accordingly, gas flowing through a pair of adjacent third delivery channels (433c) may flow in opposite directions through the third switching channel (433d).

[0209] The third switching channel (433d) may be formed as one or more. When the third transmission channel (433c) is formed as three or more, the third switching channel (433d) may be provided as a plurality, and when the third transmission channel (433c) is formed as two, the third switching channel (433d) may be provided as a single unit.

[0210] At least one of the third transmission channel (433c) and the third switching channel (433d) may be arranged to intersect with the first damping channel (431) or the second damping channel (432). Accordingly, the flow direction of the gas transmitted from the first damping channel (431) to the third damping channel (433) or from the third damping channel (433) to the second damping channel (432) may be switched at least once.

[0211] The third transmission channel (433c) according to the present embodiment may be arranged parallel to the thickness direction of the panel (101). A plurality of third transmission channels (433c) may be arranged at predetermined intervals along the height direction of the panel (101) within the heat dissipation layer (131). The number of third transmission channels (433c) is not limited to the number shown in FIG. 7, and the design can be changed to a variety of numbers. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is also possible for the third transmission channel (433c) to be arranged parallel to the height direction of the panel (101) and for a plurality of third transmission channels (433c) to be arranged along the thickness direction of the panel (101).

[0212] The third switching channel (433d) according to the present embodiment may be arranged parallel to the thickness direction of the panel (101). Both ends of the third switching channel (433d) may each be connected to one end of a pair of adjacent third transmission channels (433c) along the thickness direction of the panel (101).

[0213] When three or more third transmission channels (433c) are formed, multiple third switching channels (433d) may be provided. In this case, different third switching channels (433d) may be connected to each end of the third transmission channel (433c) located in the middle among the three third transmission channels (433c) arranged along the thickness direction of the panel (101). Accordingly, multiple third transmission channels (433c) are connected in series with each other, and gas flowing through adjacent third transmission channels (433c) may flow in opposite directions.

[0214] Hereinafter, an energy storage device according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0215] The energy storage device according to the present embodiment differs from the energy storage device according to the first or second embodiment of the present invention in that only the detailed configuration of the panel (101) is different. Since the description of the first or second embodiment can be applied identically to other configurations, redundant descriptions are omitted.

[0216] FIG. 9 is an enlarged view schematically showing the configuration of a panel and a venting channel according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[0217] In FIG. 9, the venting channel (400) is illustrated as an example configured in the form of a venting channel (400) according to the first embodiment of the present invention, but the venting channel (400) according to the present embodiment is not limited thereto, and it is also possible to configure it in the form of a venting channel (400) according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0218] Referring to FIG. 9, the intermediate layer (130) according to the present embodiment may further include heat dissipation fins (134) and cooling channels (135).

[0219] In the following, the intermediate layer (130) according to the present embodiment will be described as an example that includes both a heat dissipation fin (134) and a cooling channel (135). However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is also possible for the intermediate layer (130) to be configured to include only one of the heat dissipation fin (134) and the cooling channel (135).

[0220] The heat dissipation fin (134) extends from the heat dissipation layer (131) and can protrude into the external space of the container (100). The heat dissipation fin (134) can function as a configuration that releases heat absorbed from the heat dissipation layer (131) to the outside of the container (100) from the gas flowing through the third damping channel (433).

[0221] The heat dissipation fin (134) according to the present embodiment may have the shape of a plate extending from the edge region of the heat dissipation layer (131) to the outside of the container (100). The specific shape of the heat dissipation fin (134) is not limited to that shown in the drawing, and can be modified into various shapes that can increase the contact area with the outside air of the container (100).

[0222] The heat dissipation fin (134) can be formed of the same material as the heat dissipation layer (131), or alternatively, it can be formed of a metal material having a higher thermal conductivity than the heat dissipation layer (131).

[0223] The heat dissipation fins (134) may be provided in multiple numbers. The multiple heat dissipation fins (134) may be arranged at predetermined intervals along the edge region of the heat dissipation layer (131).

[0224] A cooling channel (135) may be disposed inside a heat dissipation layer (131). The cooling channel (135) may be configured to provide a path through which cooling water can flow inside the heat dissipation layer (131). Accordingly, the cooling channel (135) can continuously maintain the cooling performance of the heat dissipation layer (131) through heat exchange between the cooling water and the heat dissipation layer (131).

[0225] The cooling channel (135) according to the present embodiment may be configured in the form of an empty space formed inside the heat dissipation layer (131), or alternatively, it may be formed in the form of a chamber or pipe and installed inside the heat dissipation layer (131). The cooling channel (135) may be arranged within the heat dissipation layer (131) spaced apart from the third damping channel (433).

[0226] The cooling channel (135) can be connected to a heat exchanger, such as a chiller, installed outside or inside the container (100). The cooling water inside the cooling channel (135) can continuously circulate through the cooling channel (135) by driving a pump or the like.

[0227] The cooling channel (135) can form a continuous flow path of cooling water within the heat dissipation layer (131). Alternatively, the cooling channel (135) may be provided in multiple numbers, and the multiple cooling channels (135) may be configured to form a parallel flow path of cooling water within the heat dissipation layer (131).

[0228] Hereinafter, an energy storage device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0229] FIG. 10 is an enlarged view schematically showing the configuration of a panel and a venting channel according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0230] Referring to FIG. 10, the energy storage device according to the present embodiment may further include a first rib (610) and a second rib (620).

[0231] The energy storage device according to the present embodiment differs from the energy storage devices according to the first to third embodiments of the present invention in that it further includes a first rib (610) and a second rib (620). Since the description of the first to third embodiments can be applied identically to other configurations, redundant descriptions are omitted.

[0232] In the following, the energy storage device according to the present embodiment will be described as an example that includes both the first rib (610) and the second rib (620). However, the energy storage device according to the present embodiment is not limited thereto, and it is also possible to configure it to include only one of the first rib (610) and the second rib (620).

[0233] The first rib (610) may protrude from the intermediate layer (130) into the interior of the first damping channel (431). The first rib (610) may function as a component that induces the generation of turbulence or vortices in the gas flowing through the first damping channel (431). Accordingly, the first rib (610) can more effectively reduce the pressure and flow velocity of the gas flowing through the first damping channel (431).

[0234] FIG. 11 is an enlarged view schematically showing the configuration of the first rib according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0235] Referring to FIGS. 10 and 11, the first rib (610) according to the present embodiment may have the shape of a projection protruding from the inner wall of the first intermediate frame (132) into the interior of the first damping channel (431). The cross-sectional shape of the first rib (610) can be designed to be various shapes, such as a polygon, a semicircle, or a streamlined shape, in addition to the square shape shown in the drawings.

[0236] The first rib (610) may be provided in multiple numbers. The multiple first ribs (610) may be spaced apart at a predetermined interval along the inner wall of the first intermediate frame (132). The protruding lengths of each first rib (610) may be the same, or they may be formed differently.

[0237] Gas flowing along the inner wall of the first intermediate frame (132) can be separated from the inner wall of the first intermediate frame (132) or have its flow direction changed by colliding with the first rib (610). In this process, vortices or turbulence are generated in the gas flowing through the first damping channel (431), thereby allowing the flow velocity and pressure of the gas flowing through the first damping channel (431) to be reduced more effectively.

[0238] The second rib (620) according to the present embodiment may have the shape of a projection protruding from the inner wall of the second intermediate frame (133) into the interior of the second damping channel (432). The cross-sectional shape of the second rib (620) can be designed to be various shapes, such as polygons, semicircles, or streamlined shapes, in addition to the square shape shown in the drawing.

[0239] The second ribs (620) may be provided in multiple numbers. The multiple second ribs (620) may be spaced apart at a predetermined interval along the inner wall of the second intermediate frame (133). The protruding lengths of each second rib (620) may be the same, or they may be formed differently.

[0240] Gas flowing along the inner wall of the second intermediate frame (133) can be separated from the inner wall of the second intermediate frame (133) or have its flow direction changed by colliding with the second rib (620). In this process, vortices or turbulence are generated in the gas flowing through the second damping channel (432), thereby allowing the flow velocity and pressure of the gas flowing through the second damping channel (432) to be reduced more effectively.

[0241] Hereinafter, an energy storage device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0242] The energy storage device according to the present embodiment may be configured to differ only in the detailed configuration of the venting channel (400) compared to the energy storage devices according to the first to fourth embodiments of the present invention. Since the description of the first to fourth embodiments may be applied identically to other configurations, redundant descriptions are omitted.

[0243] FIG. 12 is a front view schematically showing the configuration of an energy storage device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

[0244] Referring to FIG. 12, the venting channels (400) according to the present embodiment may be provided in multiple numbers. Each venting channel (400) may individually penetrate different panels (101).

[0245] Accordingly, the energy storage device according to the present embodiment can disperse the pressure of the gas applied to the venting channel (400) by securing multiple gas discharge paths for the gas generated during thermal runaway of the battery module (300). In addition, uniform gas discharge performance can be secured for all battery modules (300) located inside the container (100).

[0246] Although the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings, this is merely illustrative, and those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and equivalent alternative embodiments are possible therefrom.

[0247] Therefore, the technical scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the following patent claims. Explanation of the symbols

[0249] 100 : Container 101 : Panel 110: Inner wall layer 111: Inner layer 112 : Inner insulation layer 120 : Exterior wall layer 121: Envelope layer 122: Outer insulation layer 130: Intermediate layer 131: Heat dissipation layer 132 : 1st Intermediate Frame 133 : 2nd Intermediate Frame 134 : Heat dissipation fins 135 : Cooling channels 200 : Rack frame 300 : Battery module 400 : Venting Channel 410 : Inflow Channel 420 : Exhaust channel 430 : Damping channel 431: First damping channel 431c: First transmission channel 431d : 1st switching channel 432 : 2nd attenuation channel 432c : Second transmission channel 432d : Second transfer channel 433: Third damping channel 433c: Third transmission channel 433d : 3rd switching channel 510 : 1st filter 520 : 2nd filter 610 : 1st rib 620 : 2nd Lib

Claims

Claim 1 A rack frame; a container comprising a plurality of panels arranged to surround the rack frame; a plurality of battery modules housed in the rack frame; and a venting channel that penetrates one of the panels and is connected to an internal space and an external space of the container, wherein the panel comprises an inner wall layer, an outer wall layer spaced apart from the inner wall layer, and an intermediate layer disposed between the inner wall layer and the outer wall layer, wherein the venting channel comprises an inlet channel penetrating the inner wall layer, an outlet channel penetrating the outer wall layer, and a damping channel disposed inside the intermediate layer and connected to the inlet channel and the outlet channel, wherein at least a portion of the damping channel is arranged to intersect the inlet channel or the outlet channel, and the intermediate layer comprises a heat dissipation layer spaced apart from the inner wall layer and the outer wall layer, wherein the damping channel comprises: a first damping channel disposed between the inner wall layer and the heat dissipation layer and connected to the inlet channel; and a second damping channel disposed between the outer wall layer and the heat dissipation layer and connected to the outlet channel. An energy storage device comprising a third damping channel that penetrates the heat dissipation layer and is connected to the first damping channel and the second damping channel, wherein the volume of the first damping channel is larger than the volume of the inlet channel, and the inlet of the first damping channel and the outlet of the first damping channel are arranged offset from each other with respect to the thickness direction of the panel, and the volume of the second damping channel is larger than the volume of the first damping channel, and the inlet of the second damping channel and the outlet of the second damping channel are arranged offset from each other with respect to the thickness direction of the panel. Claim 2 delete Claim 3 An energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein the venting channels are provided in plurality, and each of the venting channels penetrates different panels. Claim 4 delete Claim 5 An energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein the inlet channel and the outlet channel are arranged offset from each other with respect to the thickness direction of the panel. Claim 6 An energy storage device according to claim 1, comprising a first filter disposed inside the inlet channel and blocking the passage of flames entering from the interior space of the container. Claim 7 An energy storage device according to claim 6, further comprising a second filter disposed inside the inlet channel and blocking the passage of foreign substances entering from the internal space of the container. Claim 8 An energy storage device according to claim 7, wherein the first filter and the second filter are spaced apart along the extension direction of the inlet channel, and the distance from the inlet of the inlet channel to the first filter is greater than the distance from the inlet of the inlet channel to the second filter. Claim 9 delete Claim 10 An energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate layer further comprises a heat dissipation fin extending from the heat dissipation layer and protruding into the external space of the container. Claim 11 An energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate layer is disposed inside the heat dissipation layer and further comprises a cooling channel through which cooling water flows. Claim 12 delete Claim 13 An energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional area of ​​the first damping channel is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the inflow channel. Claim 14 delete Claim 15 In claim 1, the energy storage device wherein the first damping channel extends in a zigzag shape from the inflow channel toward the third damping channel. Claim 16 In claim 15, the first damping channel comprises a plurality of first transmission channels arranged parallel to each other between the inner wall layer and the heat dissipation layer; and one or more first switching channels arranged intersecting the first transmission channels and connecting adjacent first transmission channels, and at least one of the first transmission channels and the first switching channels is arranged intersecting the inlet channel, forming an energy storage device. Claim 17 delete Claim 18 An energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional area of ​​the second damping channel is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first damping channel. Claim 19 delete Claim 20 In claim 1, the energy storage device wherein the second damping channel extends in a zigzag shape from the third damping channel toward the discharge channel. Claim 21 An energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein the inlet of the third damping channel and the outlet of the third damping channel are arranged offset from each other. Claim 22 In claim 1, the third damping channel is an energy storage device that extends in a zigzag shape from the first damping channel toward the second damping channel. Claim 23 An energy storage device according to any one of claims 1, 3, 5 to 8, 10, 11, 13, 15, 16, 18, and 20 to 22, further comprising: a first rib protruding from the intermediate layer into the interior of the first damping channel; and a second rib protruding from the intermediate layer into the interior of the second damping channel.

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