Structural Systems and Methods for Floor Structural Work in Elevator Machine Room of Apartment Housing

Abstract

The present invention relates to a construction method and structure for opening an elevator early in the construction of a multi-unit dwelling (apartment). A steel truss two stories high, which is to be installed inside the wall of the elevator shaft on the top floor, is pre-assembled on the ground and then lifted and assembled on the top floor to form an elevator machine room floor support structure, and a deck plate is installed thereon to complete the floor early and install the elevator.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to shortening the overall project period by rapidly and safely carrying out the floor framing work for an elevator machine room in a multi-unit building, thereby shortening the framing construction period. Background Technology

[0002] The construction of multi-unit housing proceeds with excavation, completion of the basement, and completion of the above-ground structural framework, followed by finishing and interior work. During the structural and finishing phases, construction materials and personnel must be lifted upwards, so equipment is used for this purpose.

[0003] Lifting equipment includes tower cranes and temporary construction elevators (hoists and lift cars) installed on the exterior walls of the frame, along with some of the elevators being used for construction purposes.

[0004] Tower cranes lift heavy materials such as formwork gang forms, aluminum forms, rebar, and elevator hoists. Temporary construction elevators (hereinafter referred to as hoists) lift materials such as workers, cement, bricks, door frames, doors, furniture, stone, electrical equipment, and plumbing.

[0005] The installation location of the hoist installed on the exterior wall of the frame must be a place where material movement paths are possible in the plan view, and in the building elevation view, a place where there is no wall toward the window so that it can enter the unit (e.g., a veranda). The number of hoists installed per building is 2 to 3.

[0006] Construction work on the exterior wall sections of floors where the hoist stops, material transport passages, etc., cannot be done while the hoist is in operation, so it is carried out after the hoist is removed.

[0007] The hoist is installed when the frame is completed to about the 5th floor, making it difficult for workers to walk up, and it is removed after the frame is completed, most finishing materials have been lifted, and the construction elevator is opened. Once the elevator is opened, materials can be lifted using the elevator, so the hoist must now be removed for exterior and passageway construction.

[0008] If the opening of the elevator is delayed, the removal of the hoist is also delayed, and the finishing work in the section where the hoist is installed is also delayed. Consequently, the finishing work in the hoist section must be started late and carried out urgently, separately from the main finishing work, which results in a decline in quality and has a negative impact on the overall finishing work.

[0009] Therefore, the opening of the construction elevator, the removal of the hoist, and the finishing work on the hoist section are among the most important matters during the finishing work period.

[0010] If the elevator opens early, the hoist can be removed early, and finishing work can be carried out smoothly without being pressed for time.

[0011] Therefore, opening the elevators is a crucial task for completing the remaining finishing work and meeting the completion deadline.

[0012] For example, the overall sequence of apartment construction proceeds as follows: site opening (1 month), excavation (6 months), underground frame (4 months), above-ground frame (49 floors, 1 year), and finishing work (1 year).

[0013] When the 49th floor is completed, the 50th floor is the rooftop floor, and an elevator machine room is constructed separately on the core above the rooftop at a height of two floors (rooftop floor and machine room).

[0014] The conventional construction method and sequence are as follows.

[0015] Gang forms or aluminum forms are installed inside the elevator shaft as formwork, and a method is used in which work platforms are bolted to walls such as RCS.

[0016] Exterior walls are constructed using gang forms, while interior walls (elevator halls, stairwells) are constructed using aluminum forms on standard floors and conventional forms on the rooftop floor.

[0017] The thickness of the elevator walls is 30 cm (inner walls) and 60 cm (outer walls). The length of the walls is approximately 6 m and the width is about 3 m. Two passenger elevators fit in here.

[0018] Concrete is poured simultaneously for the top floors of the apartment building, which are the last units (e.g., walls of the 49th floor and the rooftop floor of the 50th floor). Next, the walls of the rooftop floor (50th floor, floor height 3.8m), which is the lower of the two floors of the elevator machine room, are constructed. Next, the gang form, aluminum form, and scaffolding (RCS) inside the elevator shaft are dismantled.

[0019] The reason the above formwork is not used to construct the walls of the 51st-floor machine room and is instead dismantled is that once the machine room floor is constructed, it becomes trapped inside the shaft and cannot rise any further.

[0020] Next, the elevator machine room floor is constructed. To install the machine room floor, floor formwork must be installed, and shoring to support the formwork must be installed.

[0021] At this stage, the elevator shaft is an empty space extending to the basement, and a floor for installing shoring must be formed near the top floor. Holes are made on the left and right sides of the walls in advance, and horizontal members are installed by inserting pipes or similar materials into these holes. After installing flooring materials such as plywood on top, shoring is installed, and the machine room slab is formed on top of it.

[0022] Afterwards, the lower supports, flooring, pipes, etc. are dismantled.

[0023] Therefore, the process of constructing the machine room slab has a high risk of falling because work must be done in the empty space of the elevator shaft.

[0024] Once the floor of the machine room has cured, supports are installed on it, and the elevator machine room walls (floor height 3.4m) and roof are constructed.

[0025] Once the concrete on the machine room roof has cured, the shoring inside the machine room is removed. This creates space for the machine room, and elevator installation work begins.

[0026] More than 10 holes are drilled in the machine room floor to install piano wire and ropes running from the machine room floor down to the basement.

[0027] The hoisting machine (elevator motor) is installed on the floor of the machine room, and after being lifted from the first floor to the rooftop by a tower crane, it is lowered by moving it diagonally through an opening in the machine room wall. A chain block is suspended from a hook already embedded in the ceiling of the machine room, and the hoisting machine is lifted and placed back in its original position.

[0028] After the construction of the last unit on the 49th floor, it takes 30 to 45 days to complete the above process (from the walls of the 50th floor rooftop to the machine room roof and the cleanup of construction materials). This is because the elevator machine room, elevator hall, and two floors of stairwell must be constructed using the conventional method.

[0029] The tower crane is dismantled when work such as machine room framing, parapet wall framing, roof waterproofing, solar power equipment installation, dismantling of exterior wall scaffolding (RCS (Rial Climbing System)), dismantling of core internal work platforms (RCS), elevator hoist installation, and unloading of formwork and construction materials to the first floor is completed.

[0030] Afterward, it takes approximately 90 days from the start of elevator construction to completion, and the work sequence is as follows. Two formwork plates are installed in the pit (basement floor of the shaft) and the machine room to specify the vertical and horizontal positions between the basement floor and the machine room (height approximately 170m). A formwork plate is a tool used to specify the positions of piano wire (iron wire), guide rails, ropes, etc., for vertical positioning.

[0031] Lower a piano wire through a hole in the machine room floor to the pit and hang a weight at the end to create a vertical line.

[0032] The hoisting rope is lowered from the machine room, a car is constructed in the pit using that rope, and a worker boards it to ascend while installing guide rails, door frames, etc.

[0033] The elevator is operated through wiring and commissioning.

[0034] Then, a portion of the elevator is opened for construction use. The hoist installed on the exterior wall is then dismantled over a period of about 10 days. After the completion of the top floor (49th floor), the hoist section is cleared approximately 5 months later, including 45 days for the machine room, 90 days for elevator installation, and 10 days for hoist dismantling. Accordingly, finishing work must be carried out on the 49-floor line of the hoist section.

[0035] Construction is completed 10 months to 1 year after the top floor frame is completed, and all construction is finished about 2 months after completion, with the remaining 2 months spent on fire safety inspections and occupant inspections.

[0036] Therefore, the process proceeds in the following order: completion of the frame up to the 49th floor of the apartment (point 0), completion of the frame of the elevator machine room (1.5 months), opening of the elevator (3 months), dismantling of the hoist (0.3 months), finishing work on the hoist section (5 months), and fire safety inspection and occupant inspection (2 months). Construction is completed approximately 10 months to 1 year after the completion of the frame.

[0037] Since the finishing work period for the hoist section (5 months) is insufficient, the durations for other tasks must be shortened; however, as shortening the periods for all of them is difficult, it is necessary to reduce the completion of the elevator machine room frame (1.5 months).

[0038] The conventional construction methods and required time for the completion of the elevator machine room frame (1.5 months) are examined as follows.

[0039] For the last unit on the 49th floor, the walls and roof of the 49th floor (50th floor floor, floor height 3.0m) are constructed. Next, the walls of the rooftop floor above it are constructed (takes 10 days, floor height 3.8m), after which the gang form and RCS scaffolding inside the elevator shaft are dismantled (2 days) and lowered to the 1st floor. Next, the floor of the machine room is constructed (5 days) and then cured (7 days).

[0040] Once curing is complete, shoring is installed, and the walls and roof of the machine room are constructed (10 days) and then cured (10 days). Afterwards, the shoring and internal formwork are removed (5 days) to secure the space for the machine room. In total, this takes approximately 45 days.

[0041] The machine room cannot use system forms and must use conventional formwork; since shoring cannot be installed on the lower floors, it is time-consuming, and the procedure is complex as it includes the process of installing and removing shoring after curing.

[0043] As mentioned above, the elevator machine room construction falls under the critical path that determines the overall construction period of the project. If the machine room construction period is shortened, the total construction period is shortened; conversely, if the construction period is extended, the overall construction period is extended or finishing work must be carried out rapidly.

[0044] As described above, conventional elevator machine room construction has the following problems, such as a complex construction process and long construction time.

[0045] To construct the machine room floor, a structure is required to support the floor formwork. For this purpose, when supporting shoring on a working platform (RCS) inside the shaft, the platform is bolted to the wall, so it must be able to withstand the load of the shoring, the load of the machine room floor, and loads during construction.

[0046] Otherwise, there is a risk of falling down to the basement. After the machine room floor is constructed, the work platform (RCS) must be suspended using a winch or similar equipment and removed downwards, which is also a very dangerous task.

[0047] When drilling holes in the shaft walls, forming beams using pipes, laying plywood, and supporting it with shoring, this must be constructed in mid-air within the shaft, posing a risk of falling (workers) or dropping (materials) during detachment or dismantling.

[0048] When installing a deck plate on a wall using a work platform (RCS) and brackets or L-shaped angles, the structure must be bolted to the wall and capable of withstanding the load, and if the deck plate is not fixed to the wall, there is a risk of it falling off.

[0049] After the floor is completed, the brackets and angles must be removed when installing the elevator. Otherwise, the brackets and angles will remain fixed to the wall for 40 years and may rust and fall off after a long time.

[0051] The hoist is lifted by a tower crane and pulled diagonally through the equipment entry opening (1.4m x 1.4m) in the machine room wall, and then the lower steel beam of the hoist and the hoist are installed using a chain block or similar means via a hook embedded in the ceiling slab. Since the hoist must be moved to the center of the machine room and installed manually, there is a safety risk.

[0052] In work where more than 10 holes must be drilled in the machine room floor, there is a risk of concrete cores falling when coring is performed after the floor concrete is poured.

[0053] When constructing the machine room roof using shoring, the construction period is extended because elevator construction must wait until the roof slab is cured and the shoring is removed. In addition, if concrete is poured for the machine room and stairwell together (constructing the entire core in the same way), the work period increases even further.

[0055] The conventional (existing) elevator machine room construction sequence is as follows.

[0056] 1. Construction of top floor wall framing (49th floor walls and 50th floor floors)

[0057] 2. Rooftop Wall Construction (50th Floor Wall) - Pre-installation of Holes for Support Beams (Wall)

[0058] 3. Dismantling of internal wall gang forms (Alpha form) and work platforms (using a tower crane) - Empty space formed

[0059] 4. Installation of support beams and plates (Rooftop floor (50th floor) floor level) - Floor leading to the rooftop

[0060] 5. Installation of shoring on the rooftop floor (50th floor ~ 51st floor (machine room floor))

[0061] 6. Machine room floor (51st floor) concrete (formwork, rebar for machine room floor) - Machine room floor completed

[0062] 7. Concrete curing for the machine room floor (51st floor)

[0063] 8. Installation of shoring inside the machine room (51st floor slab ~ 52nd floor slab (machine room floor ~ ceiling)), machine room walls and roof - Rebar and formwork work to proceed simultaneously

[0064] 9. Machine room ceiling slab concrete (formwork and rebar for the machine room ceiling) - Machine room completed

[0065] 10. Curing of machine room ceiling slab concrete

[0066] 11. Dismantling of internal scaffolding in the machine room, dismantling of internal and external formwork

[0067] 12. Bringing the elevator hoist into the machine room (bringing it in via an inclined path through a window after lifting with a tower crane; entry is difficult)

[0068] 13. Start of elevator installation (90 days until opening)

[0070] Therefore, the present invention aims to devise a new method to simplify the elevator machine room construction process and shorten the construction period. Prior art literature

[0071] Application No. 10-2011-0048569, Applicant Daesan CSA Co., Ltd., Pit segment structure for super high-rise elevator pit Application No. 10-2002-0021093 (April 18, 2002), Applicant Han Bong-gil, Construction method of a high-rise building structure having a steel-reinforced concrete structure

[0072] doesn't exist The problem to be solved

[0073] The present invention is intended to simplify, ensure safety, and shorten the construction period of the frame construction method for an elevator machine room in a multi-unit dwelling. The steel frame structures for the rooftop floor and the machine room floor are pre-assembled on the ground, lifted, and installed on the top floor, after which the floor is formed using the steel frame structures via a column-free method (deck plate). means of solving the problem

[0074] After installing anchor steel columns inside the elevator shaft wall of the top floor (49th floor), concrete is poured to form steel piles.

[0075] The steel frame structure of the rooftop floor is pre-assembled on the first floor. Steel columns, beams, and perimeter beams functioning as internal wall formwork are pre-assembled, along with the deck plates to be placed on top and sleeves for floor holes.

[0076] The rooftop steel structure is lifted by a tower crane and assembled on the anchor steel columns.

[0077] After installing the exterior gang form, wall reinforcement, and interior aluminum form for the rooftop walls, pour the concrete for the rooftop walls.

[0078] Pull out the aluminum formwork, gang formwork, and work platform (RCS) inside the shaft upwards.

[0079] After installing deck plates and floor opening sleeves on the upper beams of the rooftop steel structure, the machine room floor is formed by reinforcing bar placement and concrete pouring.

[0080] The steel frame structure of the machine room is pre-assembled on the ground, then lifted by a tower crane and assembled on the steel columns of the rooftop floor.

[0081] The hoisting machine and lower steel beam are lowered to the machine room floor using a tower crane.

[0082] After lifting the exterior gang forms for the machine room walls, constructing the wall and roof reinforcement, and installing the interior wall formwork, pour the concrete for the machine room walls and roof.

[0083] We will begin the elevator installation work. Effects of the invention

[0084] The construction period for the rooftop to machine room, which previously took about 45 days, will be shortened to within a few days. The total construction period of the project will be shortened by more than one month (e.g., shortened from 40 months to 39 months).

[0085] Since the steel structures for the rooftop and machine room are assembled on the ground first, they can be manufactured safely and precisely, and the work period is shortened.

[0086] From an economic perspective, since multiple hoists can be dismantled early, hoist rental costs are reduced, and finishing work on each floor of the hoist section can be started early, thereby shortening the construction period or ensuring quality.

[0087] The rooftop construction is completed early, and as a result, several expensive rental equipment units, including concrete pouring machines and tower cranes, can be dismantled early.

[0088] The construction period is shortened, reducing the overall financial costs of the apartment project.

[0089] Residents move in early and quickly experience a happy life.

[0090] Labor costs are reduced as the on-site working hours of employees at construction companies, structural companies, numerous finishing companies, and electrical installation companies are shortened.

[0091] Construction site management costs are reduced.

[0092] Since deck plates are used for the machine room floor, under-cabinet supports are not required. There is no need for the installation or dismantling of flooring materials, supports, or slab formwork inside the rooftop shaft, which saves time and eliminates safety risks.

[0093] Since anchors, brackets, and angles are not installed on the lower wall of the machine room floor, there is no risk of falling due to future dismantling or rust.

[0094] Since deck plates are used for the machine room floor, shoring (supports) are not required in the lower part of the machine room or inside the shaft, and consequently, material lifting, installation, and dismantling operations are eliminated.

[0095] The risk of falling accidents caused by working (support pipes, support plates) in the empty space of the elevator shaft for installing supports in the lower part to form the floor of the machine room is eliminated.

[0096] Since materials and workers do not enter the area beneath the machine room floor, the floor can be constructed safely and quickly.

[0097] Since the deck plate is placed on top of the strongly supported steel (or aluminum) perimeter beams and intermediate beams of the machine room floor, it is supported at multiple points, eliminating the risk of falling, dropping, or detachment.

[0098] Since the location of the machine room floor hole can be accurately determined from the location of the steel structure or steel beam, the hole sleeve can be fixed at the correct position on the ground, and a clear plan for floor reinforcement construction can be established.

[0099] A fall prevention net can be installed inside the shaft by fixing it to the anchor steel column using a wire or rope.

[0100] If safety handrails or safety ropes are installed using steel columns, they are secured as safety facilities.

[0101] Since shoring (supports) for the machine room floor are not required, the machine room space can be formed and the most important elevator hoist can be installed without waiting for the concrete on the machine room roof to cure.

[0102] The risk of safety accidents is reduced as the hoisting motor and lower steel beam can be vertically positioned using a tower crane. The hook installed on the steel beam of the machine room roof can be utilized early, allowing the hoist to be installed in place sooner and thereby accelerating the start of elevator installation.

[0103] Since the sleeve for the machine room floor hole can be accurately installed on the deck plate, the start of elevator installation (formwork, piano wire lowering, etc.) is accelerated.

[0104] The steel structure of the machine room can be completed safely and quickly by installing the steel frame structure with relatively small member thickness and the machine room floor deck plate on the first basement level, then lifting them with a tower crane for a single construction step. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0105] Figure 1 is a core plan view. Figure 2 is a plan view of an elevator wall. FIG. 3 shows the installation of an anchor steel column (C10) on the wall of the top floor unit according to the present invention. Figure 4 shows the material connecting the columns. FIG. 5 shows a rooftop steel structure (100) installed on an anchor column (C10). FIG. 6 shows the installation of a deck plate (D20) on the floor of the machine room. FIG. 7 shows the installation of a sleeve (H20) on a machine room floor deck plate (D20). FIG. 8 shows the construction of floor reinforcement (R20) for the machine room floor (S20). FIG. 9 shows the concrete pouring for the machine room floor (S20). FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the installation of a rooftop steel structure (100). FIG. 11 shows the installation of wall reinforcement (R20) on the rooftop wall (W20). Fig. 12 shows the inner aluminum form (AL20) and closing the gang form. FIG. 13 shows the concrete pouring of the rooftop wall (W20). FIG. 14 shows the installation of the machine room floor deck plate (D20). FIG. 15 shows the installation of floor reinforcement (R20) on a deck plate (D20). FIG. 16 shows the pouring of concrete (S20) for the machine room floor. FIG. 17 shows the beam type and the connection details with the aluminum form. FIGS. 18 to 34 show the construction sequence of the present invention in 3D. FIGS. 35 to 47 show the construction sequence of the present invention through cross-sectional views. FIGS. 48 to 55 illustrate the construction of the machine room floor of the present invention through a hanging method. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0106] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the attached drawings. In the steel frame structure of an elevator machine room for a multi-unit dwelling according to the present invention, the upper machine room steel frame structure is embedded and installed within the wall of the elevator shaft of the top-floor unit, thereby allowing the machine room floor construction to be carried out first, and a hoisting machine (lifting winch) for pre-construction operation of the elevator is installed thereon to enable the construction of the elevator structure.

[0107] Here, the aforementioned steel structure consists of small steel erection columns erected at the corners of the elevator walls, steel erection beams at the floor level of the machine room, beams at the roof level of the machine room, and deck plates for the floor and roof of the machine room.

[0108] Since the above column is embedded within the elevator wall, its size is smaller than the wall, and since the wall thickness is 300mm to 600mm, the column is preferably in the form of an H-shaped steel or square pipe with a size of 100mm*100mm to 150mm*150mm.

[0109] The lower part of the column is connected (welded, bolted) to a small anchor steel column pre-embedded within the wall, or a flat steel plate is attached and fixed with anchor bolts to the upper part of the wall leveled with mortar to become self-supporting.

[0110] Columns may be installed at the four corners of the wall and in the middle of the wall. Columns may be installed on the entire wall including two elevators or on only one elevator section.

[0111] The height of the steel columns is 7.2m, consisting of two floors: the rooftop floor (3.8m) and the machine room floor (3.4m).

[0112] The steel column can be manufactured with the rooftop floor (3.8m) and machine room floor (3.4m) separately and connected, or it can be manufactured as a single column (7.2m).

[0113] The steel columns are connected to the steel beams at the floor level of the two floors, the rooftop floor and the machine room floor.

[0114] The steel beams, including I-beams, L-beams, and T-beams, are 10 to 15 cm high and about 3 m long.

[0115] Connecting beams connect the columns of a wall, connect with other beams to transfer loads to the columns, and support the deck plates.

[0116] The perimeter beam consists of stud bolts, vertical members, and horizontal members; the stud bolts are attached to the wall side of the vertical members and function to be fixed to the wall after concrete pouring, the vertical members act as formwork during concrete pouring for the walls, and the horizontal members function to support the deck plates.

[0117] The intermediate beam consists of vertical and horizontal members, is combined with connecting beams and perimeter beams, and functions to support the load of the deck plate and prevent bending.

[0119] The steel beam fixes the columns to prevent them from swaying side to side and serves as a support for the deck plates.

[0120] The beam material includes steel or aluminum and is connected by welding or bolting.

[0121] Deck plates are installed in the short-side direction, and it is desirable to use special ones that overlap in some parts and have higher floor plate strength than standard deck plates.

[0122] The deck plate is placed on the horizontal members of the perimeter beam and the intermediate beam, and is fixed to the beam by welding or other methods.

[0123] The deck plates are installed on the slabs of the machine room floor and roof, placed on the steel beams, and fixed by being temporarily joined to the beams by welding. Reinforcement bars are placed on top of the deck plates, and concrete is poured to complete the slabs.

[0124] The above steel structure is pre-assembled on the ground, lifted in a single step by a tower crane, and installed on the wall. In this case, the installation time and safety of the work are improved.

[0125] The ground pre-assembly process is as follows. Columns are erected on the ground, followed by the installation of steel beams. The columns and beams are connected using bolts or welding. Deck plates and reinforcing bars are then installed. At this stage, lifting hooks are installed at each of the four corners to complete the steel structure.

[0126] Steel structures can also be constructed by assembling individual members one by one in the conventional manner at the rooftop level.

[0128] An example of the construction sequence of a machine room frame using steel beams according to the present invention is as follows.

[0129] FIGS. 1 to 9 illustrate the construction sequence of the present invention through plan views.

[0130] Figure 1 is a floor plan of one of the two cores of a 49-story apartment building. On the left, there is a shaft for operating two elevators, and in the center, there is a hall leading to the elevators. The hall contains a wall for a vertical plumbing shaft. On the right, there are stairs. Below, there are two apartment entrance doors.

[0131] Figure 2 is a plan view of an elevator wall. The length of the wall is approximately 6 m, the width is 3 m, the thickness of the outer wall is 60 cm, and the thickness of the inner wall belonging to the elevator hall is 30 cm.

[0132] FIG. 3 shows the installation of anchor steel columns (C10) in the wall of the top floor unit according to the present invention. After fixing the steel columns at six locations through reinforcing bar installation inside the wall or fixing devices, concrete for the 49th floor wall is poured. The columns (C10) may be embedded about 60 cm in the 49th floor wall and protrude about 50 cm (rooftop wall), and detailed specifications and structure are based on structural calculations.

[0133] To fix the exact position and height of the column (C10), materials (steel pipes, square pipes, reinforcing bars, etc.) connecting the columns can be used as shown in Fig. 4. Bolt holes and grooves are made in the column (C10) so that other members can be connected and used.

[0134] When the concrete is cured and hardened, the anchor column (C10) is strongly fixed and functions to support the upper steel structure.

[0135] FIG. 5 shows a rooftop steel structure (100) installed on an anchor column (C10). The steel column (C20) of the rooftop steel structure (100) is connected to the anchor column (C10) by bolts or welding and is connected to the steel beam. The connecting beam (B20) is connected between the columns (C20). The perimeter beam (C21) is embedded at one end and exposed at the other end of the wall line (end face) (W20), and acts as a formwork that blocks the concrete, while the horizontal member (B23) functions to support and fix the deck plate.

[0136] A stud bolt (B25) is attached to the wall side of the perimeter beam (B21), and after being embedded in concrete, the perimeter beam (B21) is joined to the wall (W20).

[0137] The intermediate beam (B21) is installed in a horizontal or vertical direction and is connected to the connecting beam (B20) or the perimeter beam (B21), and the upper horizontal member (B24) functions to support the deck plate.

[0138] When the rooftop steel structure (100) is installed, the outer gang form is raised and the wall reinforcement is installed, then the inner aluminum form and gang form are closed and the wall (W20) concrete is poured. At this time, the wall and the upper slab concrete for the elevator hall and stairwell can be poured simultaneously.

[0139] However, concrete for the machine room floor must be poured later because it can only be poured after the aluminum forms, gang forms, and working platforms (RCS) inside the shaft are removed.

[0140] Afterwards, the aluminum form, gang form, and work platform (RCS) inside the shaft are pulled out upwards.

[0141] Figure 6 shows the installation of a deck plate (D20) on the floor of a machine room. The deck plate (D20) overlaps a portion of the wall (W20), is placed on the horizontal member (B24) and the horizontal member (B23) of the perimeter beam (B21), and is fixed by welding or the like.

[0142] Figure 7 shows a sleeve (H20) being installed on a deck plate (D20) on the floor of a machine room to form a slab hole. Since this hole is intended to lower piano wire, hoisting rope, guide rail reference line, etc., down to the basement, precision is very important.

[0143] By using the steel structure (100) and the column (C20), the reference position can be surveyed and fixed, and since identification and distance measurement are easy, the sleeve (H20) can be installed accurately. Of course, when pre-assembling on the ground, the position of the sleeve (H20) from the steel beam can be designated in advance.

[0144] Fig. 8 shows the installation of floor reinforcement (R20) for the machine room floor (S20). The deck plate reinforcement is arranged to avoid the location of the sleeve (H20) in Fig. 7, and reinforcement to withstand high loads around the sleeve (H20) is pre-installed or simulated on the first floor above ground. The floor reinforcement is already installed in the deck plate, and the lower and upper reinforcements are installed within a few hours.

[0145] Figure 9 shows the pouring of concrete for the machine room floor (S20).

[0146] Once curing is complete, elevator installation work will begin.

[0148] Next, the construction sequence of the present invention will be explained through the cross-sectional views of FIGS. 10 to 17.

[0149] FIG. 10 shows the installation of a steel frame structure (100) on the rooftop floor. The steel frame structure (100) is assembled on the basement floor or the rooftop. It is then lifted to the rooftop floor using a tower crane, and the anchor column (C10) and column (C20) are connected.

[0150] Figure 11 shows the construction of the rooftop wall (W20), and the wall reinforcement (R20) is installed after lifting the external gang form.

[0151] Fig. 12 shows the inner aluminum form (AL20) and the gang form closing.

[0152] Fig. 13 shows the pouring of concrete for the rooftop wall (W20), after which the internal aluminum formwork (AL20), gang formwork, and working platform (RCS) are pulled upward. The vertical members of the perimeter beam (B21) act as formwork that blocks the upper concrete of the wall (W20). This solves the problem of the upper internal formwork finishing where the aluminum formwork (AL20) cannot go up to the top of the wall due to the connecting beam (B20).

[0153] FIG. 14 shows the installation of a floor deck plate (D20) for a machine room. The deck plate (D20) is placed on the upper member (B23) of the perimeter beam (B21). It overlaps with the upper member (B23) by more than 5 cm, and the deck plate (D20) can be placed over the wall (W20) by about 1 cm.

[0154] In addition, since the deck plate (D20) is placed on the upper member (B24) of the connecting beam (B22), it does not fall downwards or bend. The deck plate (D20) is constructed with a type of floor plate that is stronger than that which is placed over a general steel beam.

[0155] FIG. 15 shows the installation of floor reinforcement (R20) on a deck plate (D20). Upper and lower reinforcement are installed, and a sleeve for the hole (Fig. 7) is also installed.

[0156] Figure 16 shows the pouring of concrete (S20) for the floor of the machine room.

[0157] The beams and deck plates receive the load of the slab concrete and transfer it to the walls (W20) and columns (C20). The slab can be poured safely and quickly without shoring. After the concrete hardens, the slab supports the load on its own, so the perimeter beams, connecting beams, and intermediate beams can be dismantled later and reused elsewhere.

[0158] If the structure is to be maintained for decades, it is advisable to construct it using aluminum to prevent corrosion. Intermediate beams can be added or their positions adjusted according to structural calculations to prevent deck sagging.

[0159] Figure 17 shows the type of beam and the details of the connection with the aluminum form.

[0160] The perimeter beam (B21) is embedded in the wall so as to be aligned with the inner wall surface of the wall (W20), and acts as a formwork since the aluminum form does not rise to the top.

[0161] The aluminum form overlaps with the vertical member of the perimeter beam (B21) or is connected at the end.

[0162] The shape of the beam is I-shaped, T-shaped, L-shaped, or U-shaped.

[0164] Next, the construction sequence of the present invention will be explained through the 3D of FIGS. 18 to 34.

[0165] Figure 18 shows that anchor steel columns (C10) are embedded when constructing the 49th floor wall (W10).

[0166] Figure 19 shows a case where a connecting member (C11) is used to ensure the position and height are accurate when embedding an anchor steel column (C10).

[0167] FIG. 20 shows a rooftop steel structure (100) assembled on the first floor above ground. It consists of steel columns (C20), beams (B20, B21, B22, vertical members, upper members), and stud bolts (B25, attached to four sides of the perimeter).

[0168] Figure 21 shows the cross-sectional shape of a beam and is an example of a T-shape and an L-shape.

[0169] Fig. 22 shows a tower crane lifting a steel structure (100) from the first floor above ground to the rooftop floor.

[0170] FIG. 23 shows that the rooftop steel structure (100) and the machine room steel structure (200) above it are assembled at once on the first floor above ground and then lifted to the rooftop at once using a tower crane to install two floors at once. One or two machine room columns (C30) of the rooftop column (C20) can be connected.

[0171] FIG. 24 is a process of connecting a rooftop steel structure (100) to an anchor column (C10).

[0172] FIG. 25 shows the rooftop wall concrete (W20) poured after installing the rooftop steel structure (100) of FIG. 24.

[0173] Figure 26 shows the process of removing the internal aluminum formwork (AL20), gang formwork, and work platform (RCS) after pouring the rooftop wall concrete (W20).

[0174] FIG. 27 shows the process of installing a fall prevention net (N20) using a column (C20). It is an example of fixing it using a wire (N21). After the slab is poured, the fall prevention net (N20) is later removed to the lower 49th floor elevator door after the wire (N21) is cut.

[0175] FIG. 28 shows the installation of a machine room floor deck plate (D20). The deck plate is installed on a beam and is installed quickly without the risk of falling or dropping. Afterwards, sleeves for holes and reinforcing bars are installed as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8.

[0176] Figure 29 shows the machine room floor concrete (S20) being poured.

[0177] Figures 30 and 31 show lifting the machine room steel structure (20) from the ground and placing it on top of the rooftop steel structure (100) to connect them.

[0178] Fig. 32 shows the lifting of the external gang form, and the column and gang form can be connected and fixed.

[0179] FIG. 33 shows the hoist being lifted to the floor of the machine room using a tower crane. The lower cut beam of the hoist and the electrical panel are placed vertically in place without passing through the equipment entry port. At this time, the deck plate (D30) can be partially dismantled or constructed later after the hoist is lifted.

[0180] A hook is welded to the ceiling beam, allowing the worker to easily move the hoist and steel beam using a block chain.

[0181] FIG. 34 shows the completed machine room, and the elevator installation can begin in earnest, such as lowering piano wires through holes in the machine room floor. The stairwell and elevator hall around the machine room may be constructed in a conventional manner later.

[0183] FIGS. 35 to 47 show the construction sequence of the present invention through another cross-sectional view.

[0184] Fig. 35 shows the process of constructing the 47th floor (48th floor floor) core.

[0185] Fig. 36 shows the process of constructing a 48-story core.

[0186] Fig. 37 shows the process of constructing the core of the last unit on the 49th floor. Here, after installing anchor steel columns (C10) in the wall (W10), the wall concrete is poured.

[0187] FIG. 38 shows that after assembling the rooftop steel frame structure (100) on the ground, it is lifted by a tower crane and connected to an anchor column (C10).

[0188] Fig. 39 shows the removal of the aluminum formwork after pouring the rooftop wall (W20).

[0189] Figure 40 shows how to install a fall prevention net using a column (C20).

[0190] Figure 41 shows a deck plate (D20) installed on steel beams (B20, B21, B22).

[0191] Fig. 42 shows the construction of the machine room floor slab (S20).

[0192] Figure 43 shows that the machine room steel structure (200) is assembled on the ground, then lifted by a tower crane and connected to the column (C20).

[0193] Fig. 44 shows the hoisting machine being lifted.

[0194] Fig. 45 shows the construction of the machine room walls and roof.

[0195] Fig. 46 begins the installation of the elevator.

[0196] Fig. 47 shows that the elevator hall and stairwell (S31) are constructed in a conventional manner later.

[0197] FIGS. 48 to 54 illustrate a method of constructing a machine room floor using a hanging method according to the present invention.

[0198] FIG. 48 shows that when constructing the rooftop wall (W20), the anchor steel column (C20) is installed and then the wall concrete is poured. Accordingly, the column (C20) is strongly fixed to the wall (W20).

[0199] Remove the aluminum formwork, gang formwork, and work platform from inside the shaft.

[0200] Afterward, the fall prevention net is installed by connecting it to the column with a wire.

[0201] FIG. 49 shows the process of installing a deck plate for the floor of a machine room. A wire (N21) is connected to a column (C20) to fix the deck plate (D20) to the height of the slab floor.

[0202] Square pipes (D21) and the like are installed at the bottom of the deck plate to prevent sagging and are connected to a wire (N21) to distribute the concentrated load at the wire connection point. These square pipes (D21) are later dismantled and removed when the elevator is installed.

[0203] The length of the wire is adjusted using a turnbuckle or the like. Accordingly, the deck plate (D20) is placed over the wall (W20) by about 1 cm to 2 cm or goes into the shaft. The space between the shaft wall and the deck plate (D20) is finished (caulking, etc.) to prevent concrete from leaking.

[0204] Afterwards, floor rebar and sleeves for floor holes are installed.

[0205] Fig. 50 shows the concrete poured for the machine room floor slab (S20).

[0206] Fig. 51 shows the machine room steel structure (200) being lifted to the rooftop by a tower crane.

[0207] Fig. 52 shows the installation of wall reinforcement and formwork after lifting the external gang form. During this process, the hoist is lifted.

[0208] Fig. 53 shows the completion of the roof (S30) by pouring concrete for the machine room walls and the roof. Accordingly, elevator installation work is started.

[0209] FIG. 54 shows a construction method in which a deck plate (D20) is suspended from a beam (S30) of the machine room roof. The deck plate (D20) and the beam (S30) of the machine room roof are installed with steel wire (N31) and their lengths are adjusted with turnbuckles. An anti-sagging structural member (D21) may be added to the underside of the deck.

[0210] The structure of Fig. 54 can be assembled on the first floor above ground and lifted to the rooftop in one go using a tower crane for installation. A fall prevention net (N20) is already installed at the bottom of the shaft.

[0211] Therefore, Fig. 49 is a method of fixing a deck to a column, and Fig. 54 is a method of fixing a deck to a beam.

[0212] Figure 55 shows the method of Figure 54 on a plane. Industrial applicability

[0213] The present invention can be designed and manufactured in a short period of time and can be immediately applied to apartment construction sites currently undergoing structural work or sites scheduled to begin construction in the future, and can be effective. Explanation of the symbols

[0214] 100 : Octagonal steel structure 200 : Machine room steel structure AL20: Aluminum formwork for shaft interior walls, gang formwork B20: Machine room floor connecting beam B21 : Machine room floor perimeter beam B22 : Machine room floor intermediate beam B23: Upper member of the machine room floor perimeter beam B24: Upper member of the intermediate beam in the machine room floor B25: Stud bolt B30: Machine room roof beam C10: Anchor steel column C11: Anchor steel column horizontal connector C20: Rooftop steel column C30: Machine room steel column D20: Machine room floor deck plate D30: Machine room ceiling deck plate G30: External gang form H20: Machine room floor hole sleeve N20 : Fall prevention net N21 : Wire (rope, column connection) N31 : Wire (rope, beam connection) R20 : Rebar S20: Machine room floor slab S30 : Machine room ceiling slab W10: Top floor unit wall W20 : Rooftop wall W30 : Machine room wall

Claims

Claim 1 A method for constructing the frame of a rooftop elevator shaft using a pre-assembled steel structure and anchor connections, comprising: a) embedding a plurality of anchors extending vertically into the wall of the top-floor elevator shaft and pouring concrete for the wall; b) pre-assembling a steel structure for the rooftop elevator shaft wall and the machine room floor, wherein the steel structure comprises a plurality of steel columns and a plurality of connecting beams and perimeter beams connecting the steel columns in a horizontal direction, wherein the perimeter beam comprises vertical members and horizontal members supporting the machine room floor deck plate, and forming a connecting member at the bottom of the steel column for connection with the vertical anchor; c) lifting the pre-assembled rooftop steel structure with a tower crane and connecting the connecting member formed at the bottom of the steel column to the anchor embedded in the rooftop wall to firmly fix the steel structure so that it is embedded in the elevator shaft wall; d) continuously constructing the wall reinforcement of the rooftop wall between the connecting beam and the perimeter beam, and subsequently, the formwork A method for constructing a frame for a rooftop elevator shaft, characterized by comprising the steps of: pouring concrete for the rooftop shaft wall to integrate the steel structure and the wall after construction; e) dismantling the formwork and work platform of the rooftop shaft; f) directly installing a machine room floor deck plate on the upper part of the perimeter beam of the steel structure by welding or bolting without supporting supports; g) installing machine room floor reinforcement on the deck plate; and h) pouring concrete for the machine room floor.

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