Pollutant reduction device for diesel engines by low-temperature plasma method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a low-temperature plasma type pollutant reduction device installed in a diesel engine for filtering harmful particulate matter generated during the operation of the diesel engine. In particular, the invention relates to a low-temperature plasma type pollutant reduction device detachable from a diesel engine capable of removing solid, liquid, liquid, and gaseous pollutants by a chain reaction, wherein, when sufficient pulsed electrical energy is supplied to the exhaust gas of a diesel vehicle, free electrons having sufficient activation energy to cause an oxidation reaction of air pollutants such as PM are discharged by an electrical discharge around an electrode, thereby causing an oxidation / reduction chain reaction of pollutants to remove pollutants.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a pollutant reduction device for vehicles, and more specifically, to a low-temperature plasma type pollutant reduction device installed in a diesel engine to filter harmful particulate matter generated during the operation of the diesel engine.

[0002] In particular, the present invention relates to a low-temperature plasma type pollutant reduction device detachable from a diesel engine capable of removing solid, liquid, liquid, and gaseous pollutants by a chain reaction, by providing a low-temperature plasma type reactor in which, when sufficient pulsed electrical energy is supplied to the exhaust gas of a diesel vehicle, free electrons having sufficient activation energy to cause an oxidation reaction of air pollutants such as PM are discharged by an electrical discharge around an electrode, thereby causing an oxidation / reduction chain reaction of pollutants to remove pollutants. Background Technology

[0003] A diesel engine is an engine that compresses air inside a cylinder to a high temperature and then injects diesel or heavy fuel oil to induce spontaneous combustion and explosion, thereby operating a piston. Due to advantages such as high energy efficiency and the emission of small amounts of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons, it is widely used in many fields including industry and transportation, such as ships, railways, heavy automobiles, and construction machinery.

[0004] However, diesel vehicles (buses, trucks, etc.) equipped with diesel engines emit large amounts of pollutants (PM) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), emerging as a major source of air pollution. In particular, as these pollutants pose a risk of causing respiratory diseases such as lung cancer and asthma, countries around the world are pushing for stricter exhaust gas standards and the installation of particulate filters.

[0005] In response to this, the relevant industry is making significant efforts to develop technologies to eliminate air pollutants emitted from diesel vehicles in order to respond to these stricter environmental regulations.

[0006] Technology for removing diesel engine emissions has become mainstream in the development of technologies that eliminate pollutants contained in exhaust gases by attaching a post-treatment device to the rear of the engine, along with engine improvements such as enhancing combustion efficiency.

[0007] In other words, technology for removing diesel engine emissions often involves post-treatment technology for treating gases emitted from the engine, mainly including catalytic methods and filter methods, and examples of such technologies include those described in Patent Documents 1 to 3.

[0008] Patent Document 1 describes a pollutant reduction device for a diesel engine comprising: an outer housing having a first inlet into which exhaust gas discharged from a diesel engine is introduced and an outlet into which exhaust gas with reduced particulate matter is discharged to the outside; and an inner housing provided inside the outer housing and having a second inlet formed to be interlockable with the first inlet, wherein the inner housing has a second inlet formed on the front surface and a plurality of diesel particulate matter filters (DPFs) for filtering and collecting particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas introduced from the second inlet are arranged opposite each other on both the left and right sides, and the plurality of diesel particulate matter filters are arranged in parallel in the form of a rectangular prism, and the pollutant reduction device for a diesel engine comprises a plurality of diesel oxidation catalysts (DOCs) for oxidizing hydrocarbons (HC) or carbon monoxide (CO) or oxidizing soluble organic components (SOF) contained in particulate matter; A pollutant reduction device for a diesel engine, further comprising, wherein the diesel oxidation catalyst is positioned upstream of the diesel particulate filter in a cylindrical shape with a cross-sectional area smaller than that of the diesel particulate filter, and the exhaust gas flows sequentially through the first and second inlets, the diesel oxidation catalyst, the diesel particulate filter, and the outlet.

[0009] Patent Document 2 describes a pollutant reduction device for a diesel engine, comprising: an inlet into which exhaust gas discharged from a diesel engine is introduced; a diesel particulate filter for filtering particulate matter from the exhaust gas supplied from the inlet; an outlet through which the exhaust gas that has passed through the diesel particulate filter is discharged to the outside; and a bypass valve located within the pollutant reduction device for a diesel engine that opens and closes the space between the inlet and the outlet according to the pressure of the exhaust gas, wherein the bypass valve

[0010] A pollutant reduction device for a diesel engine comprising: a connecting pipe formed by bending the downstream end portion upward, with the upstream end portion formed open to allow exhaust gas supplied from an inlet to flow in; a cover seated on the downstream end portion to close the downstream end portion by its own weight or lifted by the pressure of the exhaust gas to open the downstream end portion; a guide shaft formed in the direction of gravity at the bottom of the cover; and a guide pipe including a body extending from the downstream end portion of the connecting pipe, a shaft insertion portion having a guide hole into which the guide shaft is inserted to guide the lifting and lowering of the guide shaft, and a support member formed radially from the shaft insertion portion to support the shaft insertion portion on the body, wherein the cover includes a weight that is added to or subtracted from the end of the guide shaft to adjust its own weight.

[0011] Patent Document 3 describes a device for removing air pollutants contained in exhaust gas, comprising: a pipe body having a horizontal passage installed to be connected to the outlet of a combustion chamber or incinerator to provide a passage for exhaust gas, and a vertical passage installed to be connected in an upward and downward direction at the end of the horizontal passage; an air pollutant settling means composed of nozzles capable of spraying water in the form of mist so that the entire interior of the horizontal passage becomes a water droplet state, allowing the exhaust gas moving inside the pipe body to come into contact with water droplets and the air pollutants contained in the exhaust gas to be settled; a purification means installed at the bottom of the vertical passage to purify water so as to filter the air pollutants settled by the air pollutant settling means; and a water circulation means composed of a water tank for receiving water purified by the purification means and a pump capable of pumping the water received in the water tank to the nozzles to circulate it.

[0012] As such, various conventional exhaust gas treatment technologies have been developed, and while these technologies mainly consist of catalytic and filter methods, they have limitations in removing pollutants. Prior art literature

[0013] Republic of Korea Registered Patent No. 10-2240510 Republic of Korea Registered Patent No. 10-1769801 Republic of Korea Registered Patent No. 10-1105014 The problem to be solved

[0014] The present invention was developed to solve the problems of the prior art described above, and aims to provide a low-temperature plasma type pollutant reduction device installed in a diesel engine to remove harmful granular substances generated during the operation of the diesel engine.

[0015] The present invention has the effect of enabling more effective removal of pollutants through an oxidation / reduction chain reaction of pollutants by discharging free electrons with activation energy through an electrical discharge around an electrode by supplying sufficient pulsed electrical energy to diesel vehicle exhaust gas.

[0016] In other words, the present invention has the effect of effectively removing pollutants without heating of the exhaust gas, as it enables the removal of pollutants using a low-temperature plasma in which the energy level of electrons is relatively low and electrons and gas molecules are in a non-equilibrium state with respect to each other. means of solving the problem

[0017] A low-temperature plasma type pollutant reduction device according to the present invention for solving the above-mentioned purpose is an exhaust gas reduction device attached to the exhaust section of a diesel engine, characterized by comprising: a reactor connected to an exhaust pipe that reduces exhaust gas by corona discharge by generating a high voltage of 15kV to simultaneously treat particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, etc. of the exhaust gas; and a power supply that supplies raw materials to the reactor.

[0018] It is preferable that the above power supply comprises a charging unit that stores electricity from the vehicle and a conversion unit that converts the power from the charging unit and supplies it to the reactor.

[0019] It is desirable that the above reactor receives pulsed electricity and discharges it, and that the discharged electricity removes pollutants by releasing free electrons having sufficient activation energy to cause an oxidation reaction of air pollutants such as particulate matter.

[0020] It is desirable that the above reactor generates electrons and a number of radicals including OH and O, and that the radicals eliminate solid, liquid, liquid, and gaseous pollutants through a chain reaction and do not emit secondary fugitive substances.

[0021] The above reactor is preferably composed of a charge pipe having a cylindrical shape, with an inlet pipe connected to one side for exhaust gas to flow in and an outlet formed on the other side, and a discharge pipe installed inside the charge pipe and having a plurality of electrodes protruding from the outer surface.

[0022] It is preferable that the inlet pipe provided in the above-mentioned filling tube be installed at an angle of 50 to 70 degrees relative to the main body of the filling tube so that the exhaust gas entering the inside of the filling tube is swirled in a vortex.

[0023] It is preferable that a plurality of electrodes formed on the outer surface of the discharge tube are installed in a longitudinal row, and that two electrodes installed in adjacent rows along the length of the discharge tube are formed twisted 1 to 8 degrees relative to each other. Effects of the invention

[0024] The low-temperature plasma type pollutant reduction device according to the present invention is installed in a diesel engine and has the effect of preventing environmental pollution by filtering harmful substances generated during the operation of the diesel engine.

[0025] In particular, the present invention relates to a low-temperature plasma type pollutant reduction device capable of removing solid, liquid, liquid, and gaseous pollutants by a chain reaction, comprising a low-temperature plasma type reactor that supplies sufficient pulsed electrical energy to diesel vehicle exhaust gas to induce an electrical discharge around an electrode, thereby discharging free electrons having sufficient activation energy to cause an oxidation reaction of air pollutants such as PM, causing an oxidation / reduction chain reaction of pollutants to occur and remove pollutants. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0026] FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a low-temperature plasma type pollutant reduction device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of a reactor constituting a low-temperature plasma type pollutant reduction device according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a reactor constituting a low-temperature plasma type pollutant reduction device according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the converter section of a power supply constituting a low-temperature plasma type pollutant reduction device according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a power conversion unit constituting a low-temperature plasma type pollutant reduction device according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is an insulation structure diagram configured in a power supply constituting a low-temperature plasma type pollutant reduction device according to the present invention. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0027] The present invention can be implemented with various modifications, and specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail. However, this is not intended to limit the invention to specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the invention includes all modifications, equivalents, and substitutions that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

[0028] In describing each drawing, similar reference numerals have been used for similar components. In describing the present invention, detailed descriptions of related prior art are omitted if it is determined that such detailed descriptions could obscure the essence of the invention.

[0029] The present invention can be installed in a diesel engine and effectively remove harmful particulate matter generated during the operation of the diesel engine.

[0030] As shown in FIG. 1, the low-temperature plasma type pollutant reduction device according to the present invention is an exhaust gas reduction device attached to the exhaust section of a diesel engine, and is characterized by having a reactor (10) connected to the exhaust pipe that reduces exhaust gas by generating a high voltage of 15kV and corona discharge so as to simultaneously treat particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, etc. of the exhaust gas.

[0031] The above reactor (10) receives pulsed electricity and discharges it, and the discharged electricity removes pollutants by releasing free electrons having sufficient activation energy to cause an oxidation reaction of air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM).

[0032] The reactor (10) generates electrons and a number of radicals including OH and O, and the radicals eliminate solid, liquid, liquid, and gaseous pollutants through a chain reaction and prevent the discharge of secondary airborne substances.

[0033] The reactor (10) operating as described above preferably comprises a charge pipe (11) having a cylindrical shape, with an inlet pipe (11i) connected to one side for exhaust gas to flow in and an outlet (11o) formed on the other side, and a discharge pipe (12) installed inside the charge pipe and having a plurality of electrodes (12p) protruding from the outer surface.

[0034] The charging tube (11) interacts with the discharge tube (12) to emit free electrons, creating various radicals (OH, O, etc.) and causing a chain reaction to remove contaminants.

[0035] As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the above-mentioned filling tube (11) is made of a cylindrical tube and has an inlet pipe (11i) formed integrally with it, which is connected to the exhaust pipe and through which exhaust gas flows.

[0036] The above-mentioned inlet pipe (11i) is installed at an angle of 50 to 70 degrees relative to the main body of the filling pipe, so that the exhaust gas entering the filling pipe is swirled into a vortex.

[0037] That is, the exhaust gas flowing into the inlet pipe (11i) flows in at an angle of 50 to 70 degrees with the outer surface of the discharge tube as shown in FIG. 1, and forms a spiral vortex in the space between the charging tube and the discharge tube, and as the vortex is formed in this way, the reacted exhaust gas and the non-reacted exhaust gas are evenly mixed, thereby increasing the treatment efficiency of the exhaust gas.

[0038] In addition, it is preferable that a plurality of electrodes (12p) formed on the outer surface of the discharge tube (12) are installed in a longitudinal row, and that two electrodes installed in adjacent rows along the length of the discharge tube are formed with a twist of 1 to 8 degrees relative to each other.

[0039] The above electrodes (12p) are arranged in a longitudinal row, but are arranged spirally from one end of the discharge tube toward the other end, so that the angle (Rt) formed between the electrodes arranged in the longitudinal direction and their neighbors is twisted by 1 to 8 degrees, thereby increasing the contact efficiency with the exhaust gas.

[0040] In addition, since one end of the discharge tube (12) facing the inlet pipe is made in a horn shape with a larger diameter than the other end, the inlet exhaust gas can rotate and expand simultaneously, thereby increasing the contact efficiency with the electrode.

[0041] That is, since a high voltage is formed between the charging tube (11) and the discharge tube (12), an ion wind is generated in the space between the sharp electrode (12p) of the discharge tube and the charging tube (11) where electrons move, and this ion wind not only reacts with the exhaust gas, but also the mechanical flow within the charging tube is induced into a vortex, thereby increasing the processing efficiency.

[0042] The above electrode (12p) irradiates an electron beam, and as described above, a number of them are arranged in a vertical row.

[0043] For example, the above electrodes (12p) are arranged at an equal angle in a circular plate, with each plate (outer surface of the discharge tube) having an angle of 4.8° and a total of 5 plates having an angle of 4.8°. Since these 157 plates are each twisted by 1.4°, the 25th plate is formed in the same position as the electrode arrangement of the 1st plate.

[0044] Therefore, when 24 plates can be assembled at different angles and the cross-section is made into a circular plane without considering the assembled spacing between each plate, a total of 1,800 electrodes are evenly arranged at intervals of 0.2° to irradiate an electron beam.

[0045] In addition, since the 24 plates are positioned at different angles, the space between the electrodes also comes into contact with the electrodes of the plates assembled later, so the exhaust gas cannot pass through there, and if these 24 plates are made into one cell, a total of 157 plates are configured per reactor, so at least 6 cells exist within one reactor.

[0046] Accordingly, as exhaust gas passes through the inside of the reactor, it is irradiated with electron beams six or more times at the same location, and since exhaust gas cannot pass through avoiding electron beams irradiated at 0.2° intervals when viewed from a cross-section regardless of its position, the probability of collision between electron beams and particulate matter increases.

[0047] The reactor (10) operating as described above must be supplied with power, and for this purpose, it is equipped with the power supply unit (20), and the power supply unit consists of a charging unit (21) that stores electricity from the vehicle and a conversion unit (22) that converts the power from the charging unit and supplies it to the reactor.

[0048] The above power supply (20) is preferably equipped with power in the vehicle, and to this end, a step-up transformer is used in many stages to convert the DC 24V electricity, which can be output from the vehicle, to the target voltage, but as shown in FIG. 4, the theory of a blocking mode filter is applied at each input / output point in each stage, and the theory of a common mode filter is applied between line and ground, so that the blocking filter operates between line and natural, natural and ground, and line and ground to block and attenuate noise.

[0049] As shown in FIG. 5, the noise protection device for the alternating magnetic field generated around the iron core when an exciting current flows through the coil is shielded with a brass case and cover, the gaps are sealed with insulating resin to prevent leakage, and the noise is treated by joining a common mode earth (G1) and a brass case earth (G2) to form a common earth.

[0050] The converter (22) constituting the above power supply may be composed of a step-up transformer.

[0051] The voltage conversion method performed in the above conversion unit (22) utilizes the electromagnetic induction action of a transformer, and is a step-up transformer in which the primary winding and secondary winding are configured in a reduced configuration on the iron core and the coil shape is made of a shell type.

[0052] The insulating material used for insulating the above-mentioned converter is ceramic, a type of magnet with alumina (A12O3) as its main component, which is evaluated to have the best electrical insulation properties.

[0053] These insulating materials are widely used in industrial settings and for high voltage applications, and their performance is already recognized in academia. Generally, they use an aluminum (Al2O3) content of 70%, and as the content is of high purity, their performance is excellent.

[0054] The above-mentioned insulating material, alumina, is 96% high-purity and possesses very high and excellent mechanical and electrical properties. To ensure that the insulation properties remain unchanged in the device's dielectric strength over a long period, the insulation was applied with a thickness of approximately 52 mm (see Fig. 6).

[0055] Of course, it is also desirable to construct the aforementioned brass case by laminating an insulator inside. Explanation of the symbols

[0056] 10: Reactor 11: Charge Pipe 11i: Inlet pipe 11o: Outlet 12: Discharge Pipe 12p: Emission Pole 12h: horn 20: Power supply 21: Charging part 22: Conversion section

Claims

Claim 1 An exhaust gas reduction device attached to the exhaust section of a diesel engine, comprising: a reactor (10) connected to an exhaust pipe that generates a high voltage of 15kV to simultaneously process particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, etc. in the exhaust gas and reduces exhaust gas through corona discharge; A low-temperature plasma type pollutant reduction device comprising a charging unit (21) for storing electricity of a vehicle and a conversion unit (22) for converting the power of the charging unit (21) and supplying it to a reactor (10), and a power supply unit (20) for supplying power to the reactor (10); wherein the reactor (10) receives pulsed electricity and discharges it, and the discharged electricity releases free electrons having sufficient activation energy to cause an oxidation reaction of air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM), thereby removing pollutants, and also creates electrons and radicals of multiple species including OH and O, so that the radicals eliminate solid, liquid, liquid, and gaseous pollutants through a chain reaction and prevent the discharge of secondary fugitive substances, wherein the reactor (10) is cylindrical and has a charge pipe (11) connected to one side for the inflow of exhaust gas and an outlet (11o) formed on the other side, and the The discharge pipe (12) is installed inside the charging pipe (11) and has a plurality of electrodes (12p) formed protruding from its outer surface, wherein a plurality of electrodes (12p) formed on the outer surface of the discharge pipe (12) are installed in a longitudinal row, and two electrodes installed in adjacent rows along the length direction of the discharge pipe (12) are formed to be twisted 1 to 8 degrees relative to each other, and the inlet pipe (11i) provided in the charging pipe (11) is installed at an incline of 50 to 70 degrees relative to the main body of the charging pipe (11) so that the exhaust gas entering the charging pipe (11) is swept into a vortex, and the power supply (20) is composed of a charging unit (21) that stores electricity from the vehicle and a conversion unit (22) that converts the power from the charging unit (21) and supplies it to the reactor.The above-mentioned converter (22) includes a step-up transformer and is equipped with a blocking mode filter, the step-up transformer assembly is made of a brass case and cover, the gaps are sealed with insulating resin, a common mode earth (G1) and a brass case earth (G2) are joined to form a common earth, and an insulator is laminated inside the case, characterized by being a low-temperature plasma type pollutant reduction device detachable from a diesel engine. Claim 2 delete Claim 3 delete Claim 4 delete Claim 5 delete Claim 6 delete Claim 7 delete

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