System and method of electic vehicle fire suppression in mechanical parking station

Abstract

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a fire extinguishing system and method for an electric vehicle in a mechanical parking lot, and more specifically, to a fire extinguishing system and method for an electric vehicle in a mechanical parking lot that immediately extinguishes a fire that has occurred in the mechanical parking lot. According to one embodiment of the present invention, a fire extinguishing system for an electric vehicle in a mechanical parking lot is provided, comprising: an electric vehicle receiving space for accommodating an electric vehicle on the lowest floor or below therefrom within the mechanical parking lot; a fire extinguishing water receiving section for accommodating fire extinguishing water on at least one side of the electric vehicle receiving space; and an opening means for opening the fire extinguishing water receiving section to introduce the fire extinguishing water into the electric vehicle receiving space.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present invention relate to a fire extinguishing system and method for an electric vehicle in a mechanical parking lot, and more specifically, to a fire extinguishing system and method for an electric vehicle in a mechanical parking lot that immediately extinguishes a fire that has occurred in the electric vehicle in the mechanical parking lot. Background Technology

[0003] Recently, the adoption of electric vehicles has been steadily expanding. Due to the characteristics of electric vehicles, the spread of a fire in a vehicle is very rapid, taking only 5 to 10 minutes, which makes it difficult for fire trucks to respond immediately to the scene. The main cause of electric vehicle fires is the battery located in the vehicle's undercarriage. When a fire occurs, it spreads to the surrounding area within a short period of time, and the flames, reaching temperatures of nearly 1400 degrees, cause significant damage to underground parking structures such as floors, beams, and pillars, raising concerns about building collapse.

[0004] If an electric vehicle catches fire, a rapid response is required for initial fire suppression; however, since there are limitations to extinguishing the fire once it has already progressed, it is necessary to quickly identify abnormal signs before it develops into a fire.

[0006] In particular, mechanical parking garages are conventional elevator-type parking systems equipped with independent dedicated parking spaces in building and tower configurations, allowing multiple vehicles to be parked in a limited space; as a result, they are continuously being installed, primarily in areas with high parking demand.

[0007] In this case, the parking tower facilitates the entry and exit of vehicles by using a method where, once a vehicle stops at a single entrance, it is transported to a parking space via a separate device.

[0008] However, when a fire breaks out in a vehicle inside a parking tower, it cannot be extinguished and easily spreads to surrounding vehicles, causing significant damage.

[0009] In particular, electric vehicles, which have been increasing recently, have a problem in that they cannot extinguish fires in electric vehicles with fire extinguishing equipment installed in narrow parking towers, as fires cannot be suppressed by simply spraying fire extinguishing liquid when the fire spreads to the battery and they must be moved to an open area for separate firefighting operations. Prior art literature

[0011] Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2638872 (February 16, 2024) The problem to be solved

[0012] The embodiments of the present invention are intended to provide a fire extinguishing system and method for an electric vehicle in a mechanical parking lot that can rapidly suppress a fire in an electric vehicle when it occurs in the mechanical parking lot. means of solving the problem

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a fire extinguishing system for an electric vehicle in a mechanical parking lot is provided, comprising: an electric vehicle receiving space for accommodating an electric vehicle on the lowest floor or below therefrom in the mechanical parking lot; a fire extinguishing water receiving section for accommodating fire extinguishing water on at least one side of the electric vehicle receiving space; and an opening means for opening the fire extinguishing water receiving section to introduce the fire extinguishing water into the electric vehicle receiving space.

[0016] The above mechanical parking lot may be a fork-type mechanical parking lot.

[0018] The above-mentioned fire extinguishing water receiving section may be a space formed at a higher position than the above-mentioned electric vehicle receiving space.

[0020] The space of the above-mentioned fire extinguishing water receiving section may have a floor surface inclined toward the electric vehicle receiving space.

[0022] The above opening means may be a sluice gate.

[0024] The above-mentioned fire extinguishing water receiving portion may be a bag that contains the fire extinguishing water inside.

[0026] The above-mentioned fire extinguishing water receiving section may be located on a floor surface inclined toward the electric vehicle receiving space.

[0028] The above opening means may be a tearing means for tearing the bag.

[0030] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a method for extinguishing a fire in an electric vehicle within a mechanical parking lot is provided, comprising: a step of accommodating an electric vehicle on the lowest floor or below the same within the mechanical parking lot; and a step of opening a fire extinguishing water receiving portion, which accommodates fire extinguishing water on at least one side of the electric vehicle accommodation space, through an opening means to introduce the fire extinguishing water into the electric vehicle accommodation space.

[0032] The above mechanical parking lot may be a fork-type mechanical parking lot.

[0034] The above-mentioned fire extinguishing water receiving section may be a space formed at a higher position than the above-mentioned electric vehicle receiving space.

[0036] The space of the above-mentioned fire extinguishing water receiving section may have a floor surface inclined toward the electric vehicle receiving space.

[0038] The above opening means may be a sluice gate.

[0040] The above-mentioned fire extinguishing water receiving portion may be a bag that contains the fire extinguishing water inside.

[0042] The above-mentioned fire extinguishing water receiving section may be located on a floor surface inclined toward the electric vehicle receiving space.

[0044] The above opening means may be a tearing means for tearing the bag. Effects of the invention

[0046] According to embodiments of the present invention, a fire extinguishing system and method for an electric vehicle in a mechanical parking lot are provided, which can quickly extinguish a fire in an electric vehicle in a mechanical parking lot when a fire occurs in the electric vehicle. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0048] FIG. 1 is a drawing illustrating a system for detecting abnormal signs in an above-ground mechanical parking garage, and FIG. 2 is a drawing illustrating a system for detecting abnormal signs in an underground mechanical parking garage. Figure 3 is a graph showing the situation in which a fire develops in an electric vehicle battery. FIGS. 4 to 6 are drawings illustrating a fire extinguishing system and method in a mechanical parking lot according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 7 and 8 are drawings illustrating a fire extinguishing system and method in a mechanical parking lot according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0049] Specific embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings. The following detailed description is provided to facilitate a comprehensive understanding of the methods, apparatuses, and / or systems described herein. However, this is merely illustrative and the disclosed embodiments are not limited thereto.

[0050] In describing the embodiments, detailed descriptions of related prior art are omitted if it is determined that such detailed descriptions could unnecessarily obscure the essence of the disclosed embodiments. Furthermore, terms described below are defined in consideration of their functions in the disclosed embodiments, and these may vary depending on the intent or practice of the user or operator. Therefore, such definitions should be based on the content throughout this specification. Terms used in the detailed description are intended merely to describe the embodiments and should not be limiting. Unless explicitly stated otherwise, expressions in the singular form include the meaning of the plural form. In this description, expressions such as "include" or "comprise" are intended to refer to certain characteristics, numbers, steps, actions, elements, parts thereof, or combinations thereof, and should not be interpreted to exclude the existence or possibility of one or more other characteristics, numbers, steps, actions, elements, parts thereof, or combinations thereof other than those described.

[0052] Figure 1 is a drawing illustrating a system for detecting abnormal signs in an above-ground mechanical parking garage, and Figure 2 is a drawing illustrating a system for detecting abnormal signs in an underground mechanical parking garage.

[0054] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, mechanical parking systems can be divided into above-ground mechanical parking systems and underground mechanical parking systems. A system (100) for detecting abnormal signs in an above-ground mechanical parking system can detect various elements (temperature, gas, thermal image, etc.) that can identify abnormal signs of fire from a composite sensor (110) installed on the above-ground space side where a vehicle is parked, and send the detected information to a server (200). In addition, a system (100') for detecting abnormal signs in an underground mechanical parking system can similarly detect various elements (temperature, gas, thermal image, etc.) that can identify abnormal signs of fire from a composite sensor (110') installed on the underground space side where a vehicle is parked, and send the detected information to a server (200).

[0056] Figure 3 is a graph showing a situation in which a fire develops in an electric vehicle battery.

[0058] Referring to Figure 3, in the first stage of battery abnormality, a micro internal short circuit occurs within the battery, and the battery heats up, allowing heat from its decomposition to accumulate inside. When the battery temperature reaches 60°C, the capacity of the lithium-ion battery decreases and the internal resistance may increase. Consequently, the soft pouch may swell due to internal gas generation. Furthermore, when the battery temperature reaches 80°C, self-heating may begin in most lithium-ion batteries. Additionally, when the battery temperature reaches between 75°C and 90°C, the SEI (solid electrolyte interface) layer within the battery begins to break, potentially leading to thermal runaway.

[0060] In stage 2, an internal short circuit occurs, causing the separator inside the battery to melt and the battery's cathode material to oxidize. Additionally, as the exterior of the battery pack begins to break down, the interior of the battery is exposed to air, which can cause a rapid thermal runaway. When the battery temperature reaches 150°C, the probability of such a thermal runaway occurring can increase rapidly.

[0062] In stage 3, thermal runaway occurs, causing the electrolyte to oxidize and the cathode material to decompose, leading to a rapid rise in temperature and potentially causing a fire in the electric vehicle.

[0064] Therefore, when the battery condition reaches stage 3, the temperature rises rapidly due to thermal runaway, and the damage caused by fire increases rapidly. Thus, if a fire occurs from the battery, emergency extinguishing must be performed to prevent further damage.

[0066] FIGS. 4 to 6 are drawings illustrating a fire extinguishing system and method in a mechanical parking lot according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] Referring to FIGS. 4 to 6, a fire suppression system within a mechanical parking garage may include an electric vehicle receiving space (600) located at the lowest level or below the lowest level within the mechanical parking garage and capable of accommodating an electric vehicle (500), a fire extinguishing water receiving section (S1, S2) that accommodates fire extinguishing water (W) on at least one side of the electric vehicle receiving space, and an opening means (700a, 700b) that opens the fire extinguishing water receiving section (S1, S2) to inject fire extinguishing water (W) into the electric vehicle receiving space (600). Since the electric vehicle receiving space (600) is a space for extinguishing a fire by pouring fire extinguishing water (W) when a fire occurs in the electric vehicle (500), it may be located at the lowest level or below the lowest level of the mechanical parking garage. Here, the mechanical parking garage may be a fork-type mechanical parking garage, which may be intended to move the electric vehicle (500) quickly and easily to the electric vehicle receiving space (600) side in the parking garage.

[0070] The fire extinguishing water receiving section (S1, S2) is formed at a higher position than the electric vehicle receiving space (600) so that the fire extinguishing water (W) can be quickly injected into the electric vehicle receiving space (600). The space of the fire extinguishing water receiving section (S1, S2) may have a floor surface (810) that is inclined toward the electric vehicle receiving space (600). By tilting the floor surface (810) toward the electric vehicle receiving space (600), the fire extinguishing water (W) within the fire extinguishing water receiving section (S1, S2) can be allowed to flow entirely into the electric vehicle receiving space (600). Additionally, the opening means (700a, 700b) may be in the form of a sluice gate that can close the side of the fire extinguishing water receiving section (S1, S2) adjacent to the electric vehicle receiving space (600) and open it when necessary.

[0072] According to the present embodiment, the method for extinguishing a fire in an electric vehicle within a mechanical parking lot is as follows. First, the electric vehicle (500) that has caught fire can be moved to the electric vehicle receiving space (600) using the forks of the mechanical parking lot. Once the electric vehicle (500) is moved into the electric vehicle receiving space (600), the opening means (700a, 700b) can be opened to allow the fire extinguishing water (W) in the fire extinguishing water receiving section (S1, S2) to be introduced into the electric vehicle receiving space (600). Since the introduced fire extinguishing water (W') rises from the battery side of the electric vehicle (500), the fire occurring in the battery can be quickly extinguished. When all of the opening means (700a, 700b) are opened, all of the fire extinguishing water (W) in the fire extinguishing water receiving section (S1, S2) can be introduced into the electric vehicle receiving space (600) due to the tilt of the bottom surface (810) of the fire extinguishing water receiving section (S1, S2).

[0074] FIGS. 7 and 8 are drawings illustrating a fire extinguishing system and method in a mechanical parking lot according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0076] Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, the fire extinguishing water receiving portion (800a, 800b) may not be an empty space, but may be in the form of a bag (800a, 800b) that contains fire extinguishing water (W) inside. The bag forming the fire extinguishing water receiving portion (800a, 800b) may be a vinyl or plastic bag. Furthermore, the opening means (910a, 910b) for opening the fire extinguishing water receiving portion (800a, 800b) may be a means for tearing the bag, which is the fire extinguishing water receiving portion (800a, 800b), considering the speed at which the fire extinguishing water (W) is injected into the electric vehicle receiving space (600). For example, the opening means (910a, 910b) may be a rotary saw. The opening means (910a, 910b) is normally concealed in the concealed space (900a, 900b) within the side wall (820), but when firefighting water (W) needs to be injected due to a fire in the electric vehicle (500), it protrudes from the side wall (820) and can tear the firefighting water receiving portion (800a, 800b).

[0078] Although representative embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications can be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the described embodiments, but should be defined by the claims set forth below as well as equivalents thereof. Explanation of the symbols

[0080] 100, 100': System for detecting abnormal signs 110, 110' : Composite sensor 500 : Electric vehicle 600: Electric vehicle capacity 700a, 700b: Opening means 800a, 800b: Fire extinguishing water receiving section 810 : Bottom surface 820 : Sidewall 900a. 9000b: Hidden space 910a, 910b: Opening means S1, S2: Firefighting water receiving section W : Firefighting water

Claims

Claim 1 A fire extinguishing system for an electric vehicle in a mechanical parking lot, comprising: an electric vehicle receiving space located on the lowest floor or below therein in the mechanical parking lot for accommodating an electric vehicle that has caught fire; a fire extinguishing water receiving section positioned at a higher position than the electric vehicle receiving space at at least one of the side and top of the electric vehicle receiving space, placed on a floor surface formed to slope downward toward the electric vehicle receiving space, and containing fire extinguishing water inside a bag made of vinyl or plastic material; and an opening means including a rotary saw positioned in a concealed space formed inside the side wall of the electric vehicle receiving space and protruding toward the electric vehicle receiving space through the side wall according to rotational driving; wherein when the rotary saw cuts the bag, the fire extinguishing water inside the bag flows into the electric vehicle receiving space by gravity along the sloped floor surface and is configured to fill up from the battery side of the electric vehicle. Claim 2 A fire extinguishing system for an electric vehicle in a mechanical parking lot according to claim 1, wherein the mechanical parking lot is a fork-type mechanical parking lot. Claim 3 A fire extinguishing system for an electric vehicle in a mechanical parking garage according to claim 1, wherein the rotary saw is normally fully contained in the concealed space and protrudes through the side wall only in the event of a fire. Claim 4 delete Claim 5 A fire extinguishing system for an electric vehicle in a mechanical parking garage according to claim 3, wherein the inclined floor surface is formed so that the extinguishing water flows preferentially toward the lower battery side of the electric vehicle. Claim 6 delete Claim 7 delete Claim 8 delete Claim 9 delete Claim 10 delete Claim 11 delete Claim 12 delete Claim 13 delete Claim 14 delete Claim 15 delete Claim 16 delete

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