Power management System of re-use battery energy storage device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a power management system for a reusable battery energy device, comprising a first server (110) that manages, monitors, and controls the reusable battery energy device, a second server (120) that is connected to the first server via an EMS and has the same data as the first server (110) through operational data synchronization with the EMS (500), and is configured to be in a standby state to operate a service when a failure occurs in the first server (110), and a failure monitoring unit (130) that detects failures in the first server (110) and the second server (120). The present invention has the advantage of increasing the availability of the ESS by enabling uninterrupted operation of the PMS through server redundancy (HA).

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a power management system for a reusable battery energy device, and more specifically, to a power management system for a reusable battery energy device for maintaining the performance and stability of an energy storage device using a reusable battery. Background Technology

[0002] Since the Paris Climate Agreement, the world has presented low-carbon development strategies and pursued policies to foster green businesses and establish new global regulations as key strategies, leading to a growing need for the development of material reuse technologies such as carbon neutrality and RE100. RE100 is a global campaign to meet 100% of electricity consumption with renewable energy (Re). In the reuse of lithium-ion batteries, the process of commercializing reusable products must take precedence over recycling, enabling the commercialization of high-value-added recycling for waste batteries. Therefore, the development of safety detection and management solutions for waste batteries is necessary.

[0003] Recently, the commercialization of lithium iron phosphate battery systems has been highlighted, and there is a need to develop ESS / UPS battery systems that meet various customer needs through the development of reusable battery systems. Here, ESS (Energy Storage System) is an energy storage device, and UPS (uninterruptible power system) is an uninterruptible power supply. Prior art literature

[0004] Korean Patent Publication No. 2021-0069451 "Battery management system and method for controlling the same, and battery pack including the same (Published June 11, 2021) The problem to be solved

[0005] The technical problem that the present invention aims to solve is to provide a power management system for a reusable battery energy storage device that enables uninterrupted operation of the PMS through server redundancy and increases availability in order to maintain the performance and stability of the reusable battery energy storage device.

[0006] Another technical problem that the present invention aims to solve is to provide a power management system for a reusable battery energy device that enables SOH management for each battery module, which may occur due to differences in degradation rates during operation. means of solving the problem

[0007] To solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a power management system for a reusable battery energy device.

[0008] According to one embodiment, a power management system for a reusable battery energy device includes a first server that manages, monitors, and controls the reusable battery energy device; a second server that is connected to the first server via an EMS and has the same data as the first server through operational data synchronization with the EMS, and is configured to be in a standby state to operate a service when a failure occurs in the first server; and a failure monitoring unit that detects failures in the first server and the second server.

[0009] The first server and the second server include a hardware (H / W) unit configured with an automatic restart function when the power is off.

[0010] The first server and the second server include an operating system (OS) unit having a batch file installed to restart when the program is interrupted.

[0011] The first and second servers mentioned above include an SVC unit that provides uninterrupted service operation utilizing the Kubernetes topology.

[0012] The above first server and the above second server are provided with a Rest API interface through PMS operation logic server and API server operation.

[0013] The above-mentioned reusable battery energy device is a battery used in an electric vehicle and is composed of a plurality of battery racks including at least one battery pack or at least one battery module.

[0014] The above fault monitoring unit is installed on the first server and the second server to monitor faults in the first server and the second server, respectively, or cross-monitors the first server to monitor the fault of the second server and the second server to monitor the fault of the first server.

[0015] The first server or the second server applies alternating voltage and alternating current that vary by frequency to the battery modules through a battery controller attached to each battery module of the reusable battery energy device, and calculates the impedance using the alternating voltage and alternating current that respond to this, thereby managing the SOH for each battery module. Effects of the invention

[0016] The present invention enables uninterrupted operation of the PMS through server redundancy, and thereby has the effect of increasing the availability of the ESS.

[0017] In addition, the present invention enables the management of SOH for each battery module that may arise from differences in degradation rates during operation in order to maintain the performance and safety of an ESS using recycled batteries, thereby allowing the visualization of battery modules that need to be replaced. Therefore, the present invention has the effect of enabling efficient and safe management of energy devices and ESS using recycled batteries. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0018] FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an ESS to which a power management system of a reusable battery energy device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram for explaining a power management system of a reusable battery energy device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram illustrating a situation in which a second server operates the service on behalf of the first server when the first server goes down in a power management system of a reusable battery energy device according to an embodiment of the invention. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the SVC layer that provides uninterrupted service operation using the topology of Kubernetes. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0019] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. However, the technical concept of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein and may be embodied in other forms. Rather, the embodiments introduced herein are provided to ensure that the disclosed content is thorough and complete and to sufficiently convey the concept of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0020] FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an ESS to which a power management system of a reusable battery energy device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram for explaining a power management system of a reusable battery energy device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram for explaining a situation in which a second server operates the service instead when the first server goes down in a power management system of a reusable battery energy device according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0021] The power management system (PMS, Power management System) (100) of a reusable battery energy device according to an embodiment of the present invention enables uninterrupted operation of the PMS through server redundancy (HA).

[0022] As illustrated in FIG. 1, the power management system (PMS) (100) is intended to manage, monitor, and control the reusable battery energy device (200). The power management system (100) adjusts the amount and time of charging and discharging through the control of the power conversion system (PCS) (400) and the energy device (200). Additionally, the power management system (100) checks the real-time amount of charging and discharging of the energy device (200) and checks the status of the power conversion system (400) and the energy device (200).

[0023] The energy device (200) is a reused battery from an electric vehicle. Therefore, in this embodiment, the energy device (200) can be described in combination with the battery.

[0024] The lifespan of an electric vehicle battery is 7 to 10 years. During this period, the driving range decreases and the charging speed slows down, requiring replacement. If the performance of a new battery is considered to be 100, batteries with less than 80% remaining performance can be reused in an electric energy storage system (ESS) through a residual performance test. Recycling electric vehicle batteries into an ESS is called reuse. As the adoption of electric vehicles expands, the number of batteries is expected to increase rapidly, and a reused battery energy device (200) is proposed as a utilization method for this. In the case of electric vehicles, due to the characteristics of the vehicle requiring instantaneous high output, if the storage capacity drops below 80%, it can cause a risk to the vehicle's operation, so the use of the battery is stopped. However, if the battery is used for other purposes that do not require instantaneous high output, there is no problem in utilizing only the remaining 80% of the storage capacity.

[0025] As illustrated in FIG. 2, the energy device (200) forms a battery module (220) by gathering multiple reused battery cells (210) and then connecting the battery modules (220) to form a battery rack (230). The battery rack (230) can be composed of approximately 500 battery cells (210), and multiple battery racks (230) can be connected to form a single energy device (200).

[0026] An energy device (200) is connected to a battery management system (BMS) (300). The battery management system (300) is attached to the top of the battery module (220) and operates hundreds to thousands of battery cells (210) as one unit to monitor the battery voltage and charging and discharging currents, and measures the internal temperature to stop charging and discharging if an abnormality is detected. Additionally, the battery management system (300) performs the role of balancing the voltage of each battery cell (210) to regulate the voltage and manage the battery so that it is not overloaded. Furthermore, the battery management system (300) performs the role of controlling the battery so that even if a specific battery cell (210) fails, other battery cells can be used to compensate through cell balancing, thereby increasing the battery's lifespan and efficiency. Additionally, the battery controller (300) senses the battery's current, voltage, temperature, etc., to predict the state of charge (SOC), and performs a reset when it exceeds a designated SOC range and limits the power to prevent further charging. Conversely, if discharge continues while the SOC is low, the battery controller (300) performs a function of controlling the battery by setting a power limit to prevent further discharge. Furthermore, the battery controller (300) performs power limiting based on temperature and voltage, and also performs power limiting if the temperature or voltage is higher or lower than a specific value.

[0027] Referring again to FIG. 1, the battery controller (300) is connected to the power converter (400) and the power management system (100).

[0028] The power converter (400) is a device that converts the characteristics of electricity to charge or discharge electricity into a battery. The power converter (400) converts alternating current electricity into direct current electricity during charging and converts direct current electricity into alternating current electricity during discharging, thereby enabling both charging and discharging of electricity.

[0029] The power management system (100) manages, monitors, and manages data such as the charge amount, discharge amount, and operation history of the energy device (200) through the control of the battery controller (BMS) (300) and the power conversion device (PCS) (400).

[0030] As illustrated in FIG. 2, the power management system (100) includes a first server (110), a second server (120), and a fault monitoring unit (130).

[0031] The first server (110) manages, monitors, and controls the reusable battery energy device.

[0032] The second server (120) is connected to the first server (110) and the EMS (500), has the same data as the first server (110) through operational data synchronization with the EMS (500), and is configured to be in a standby state to operate the service in the event of a failure of the first server (110). The first server (110) and the second server (120) are intended to enable uninterrupted operation of the PMS through server redundancy (HA). The failure monitoring unit (130) detects failures in the first server (110) and the second server (120).

[0033] The Energy Management System (EMS) is for efficient control and operation in the management of energy devices and manages the Power Management System (PMS) (100). The EMS (500) may be a central processing terminal, a user terminal, an internet user, or a client. The EMS (500) can communicate with the first server (110), the second server (120), and the fault monitoring unit (130) through a wireless communication network such as the internet or CAN.

[0034] The first server (110) or the second server (120) can perform SOH management for each battery module that may occur due to differences in degradation rates during operation to maintain the performance stability of the reusable battery (reuse battery) energy device (200), and can provide visualization of the battery module (220) that needs to be replaced.

[0035] For example, the first server (110) or the second server (120) controls the battery controller (300) to calculate the impedance for each battery module based on the alternating voltage and alternating current that vary by frequency, and calculates the State of Health (SOH) for each battery module. The SOH calculation result is received and the battery module (220) that needs replacement is transmitted to the EMS (500) to be visualized so that an administrator can check it. The impedance for each battery module allows for the analysis of the battery's operating characteristics and enables the determination of the battery's internal state. SOH is the health status of the battery and indicates how much longer the battery can be used.

[0036] Meanwhile, server redundancy (HA, High Availability) is intended for the implementation of a high-availability power management system (100). High availability means "high availability," and it enables the power management system (100) to operate normally continuously for a long period of time. As illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, in the embodiment, availability is increased by having the first server (110) and the second server (120) operate the corresponding service in place of the other server when one server fails. The first server (110) is operated as the main server, and the second server (120) operates the service in place of the first server (110) when the first server (110) fails or goes down. Additionally, while the second server (120) is operating the service, the first server (110) is restored. When the first server (110) is restored, the second server (120) enters a standby state, and the first server (110) resumes operating the service. With the aforementioned server redundancy, if one of the two servers fails, the other server immediately takes over the task, so system failures can be recovered within just a few seconds to a few minutes.

[0037] The first server (110) and the second server (120) can have identical operational data through synchronization with the EMS (500). In order for the second server (120) to immediately provide the target service when the first server (110) fails, the integrity of the data between the first server (110) and the second server (120) must always be 100% identical. To ensure the identity of the operational data in this way, operational data replication is performed through synchronization with the EMS (500).

[0038] A fault monitoring unit (130) capable of detecting faults in the first server (110) and the second server (120) is provided. The fault monitoring unit (130) is installed in the first server (110) and the second server (120), respectively, to monitor the fault points of its own server. Additionally, the fault monitoring unit (130) is installed in the first server (110) and the second server (120), respectively, so that the first server (110) monitors the second server (120) and the second server (120) monitors the first server (110) in a cross-monitoring manner to maintain high availability. Alternatively, the fault monitoring unit (130) may be installed in the EMS (500) to monitor the fault points of the first server (110) and the second server (120).

[0039] When the fault monitoring unit (130) detects a fault point of the first server (110) or the second server (120), it transmits the detection result to the EMS (500). Upon receiving the detection result from the fault monitoring unit (130), the EMS (500) can control the server to operate the service function on its behalf by synchronizing with the server that has not experienced a fault. The EMS (500) has a real-time backup function for the first server (110) or the second server (120) and synchronizes with the first server (110) or the second server (120) when necessary. This has the effect of preventing data accidentally reflected in the first server (110) or virus-infected files from being transferred to the second server (120).

[0040] To ensure uninterrupted operation of the power management system (100), fault handling functions are provided at the hardware (H / W) level, operating system (OS) level, and SVC level. The fault handling function is intended for rapid failure recovery of a server diagnosed with a fault.

[0041] Specifically, the first server (110) and the second server (120) include a hardware (H / W) unit configured with an automatic restart function when the power is turned off. The hardware (H / W) unit of the first server (110) and the second server (120) is configured to automatically restart when the server is turned off through a mainboard setting.

[0042] The first server (110) and the second server (120) include an operating system (OS) unit with a batch file installed that restarts when a program is interrupted. The operating system (OS) units of the first server (110) and the second server (120) increase availability by utilizing a batch file that automatically restarts when a program is interrupted. The batch file can be used for file backup, log file processing, computational tasks or diagnostic execution, or tasks that require the execution of multiple commands.

[0043] The first server (110) and the second server (120) include an SVC unit that provides uninterrupted service operation utilizing the topology of Kubernetes. The uninterrupted service operation of the SVC unit can be provided to DB applications, PMS applications, and PMS HMI.

[0044] The first server (110) and the second server (120) include DB, API, SVC, and HMI applications, and provide server redundancy (HA) through network and process management of the DB, API, SVC, and HMI applications. The DB, API, SVC, and HMI applications may be a data collection unit, an interface unit, a status diagnosis unit, and a system monitoring unit installed on the first server (110) and the second server (120).

[0045] Server High Availability (HA) manages service pod management technology and processes for DB and PMS applications. During process management, if an HMI, PMS application, DB, or RTU processor goes down or communication abnormalities occur, the existing process is terminated and quickly restarted to minimize downtime. To this end, the first server (110) and the second server (120) are provided with a Rest API interface through the operation of a PMS operation logic server and an API server. The Rest API interface is intended to enable synchronization in which the EMS (500) reads operational data from the first server (110) and the second server (120) and provides it to other servers.

[0046] The failure recovery and server redundancy (HA) of the first server (110) and the second server (120) can implement an application process management function that minimizes downtime of the power management system (PMS) (100).

[0047] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the SVC layer that provides uninterrupted service operation using the topology of Kubernetes.

[0048] As illustrated in FIG. 4, the first server (110) and the second server (120) provide uninterrupted service operation utilizing the topology of Kubernetes. The topology of Kubernetes is intended for server redundancy. In the embodiment, the first server (110) and the second server (120) form the topology of a Kubernetes cluster. The first server (110) and the second server (120) can form a redundant cluster by grouping them around an EMS. Specifically, the first server (110) and the second server (120) can form a redundant cluster using an nested control plane node method in which an etcd node and a control plane node are located together at the SVC level.

[0049] A nested redundant cluster is a topology that nests a distributed data store, a cluster provided by etcd, on top of a cluster formed by nodes managed by kubeadm running control plane components.

[0050] Each control plane node creates local etcd members, and these etcd members are bound to the same node. This is simpler than configuring a cluster of external etcd nodes, and replication management is also simple. For a redundant cluster, you can operate at least three nested control plane nodes.

[0051] Meanwhile, the above-mentioned reusable battery energy device is a battery used in an electric vehicle, and the battery may be a lithium-ion battery.

[0052] The power management system of the reusable battery energy device described above has the effect of enabling uninterrupted operation of the PMS through server redundancy, thereby increasing the availability of the ESS. For reference, the ESS is an energy storage device comprising a reusable battery energy device (200), a battery controller (300), and a power management system (100).

[0053] In addition, the power management system of the aforementioned reused battery energy device enables SOH management for each battery module that may occur due to differences in degradation rates during operation in order to maintain the performance and safety of the reused battery ESS, thereby enabling the visualization of battery modules that need to be replaced and allowing the reused battery energy device to be managed more efficiently.

[0055] Although the present invention has been described in detail using preferred embodiments, the scope of the invention is not limited to specific embodiments and should be interpreted by the appended claims. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that many modifications and variations are possible without departing from the scope of the invention. Explanation of the symbols

[0056] 100: Power Management System (PMS) 110: Server 1 120: Server 2 130: Fault Monitoring Department 200: Reusable battery energy device 210: Battery cell 220: Battery Module 230: Battery Rack 300: Battery Management System (BMS) 400: Power Conversion System (PCS) 500: EMS

Claims

Claim 1 A first server for managing, monitoring, and controlling a reusable battery energy device; a second server connected to the first server via an EMS, having the same operational data as the first server through operational data synchronization with the EMS, and configured to be in a standby state to operate a service in the event of a failure of the first server; and a failure monitoring unit for detecting failures of the first server and the second server; A power management system for a reusable battery energy device, comprising: a first server and a second server having identical operational data through synchronization with the EMS and performing operational data replication; a fault monitoring unit detecting a fault in the first server and the second server and transmitting the detection result to the EMS; the EMS controlling the server to operate service functions on behalf of the server that has not failed through synchronization with the server that has not failed, having a real-time backup function for the first server or the second server and synchronizing with the first server or the second server when necessary; and the first server or the second server performing SOH management for each battery module that may occur due to differences in degradation rates during operation to maintain the performance stability of the reusable battery energy device, and transmitting battery modules requiring replacement to the EMS to visualize them so that an administrator can verify them. Claim 2 In claim 1, the power management system of a reusable battery energy device, wherein the first server and the second server include a hardware (H / W) unit configured with an automatic restart function when the power is off. Claim 3 In claim 1, the power management system of a reusable battery energy device, wherein the first server and the second server include an operating system (OS) unit having a batch file installed to restart when the program is interrupted. Claim 4 In claim 1, the power management system of a reusable battery energy device, wherein the first server and the second server include an SVC unit that provides uninterrupted service operation utilizing the topology of Kubernetes. Claim 5 In claim 1, the first server and the second server are a power management system for a reusable battery energy device in which a Rest API interface is provided through the operation of a PMS operation logic server and an API server. Claim 6 In claim 1, the power management system of the reusable battery energy device comprises a plurality of battery racks, wherein the reusable battery energy device is a battery used in an electric vehicle and includes at least one battery pack or at least one battery module. Claim 7 A power management system for a reusable battery energy device according to claim 1, wherein the fault monitoring unit is installed in the first server and the second server to monitor faults of the first server and the second server respectively, or cross-monitors the faults of the first server and the second server to monitor the faults of the first server. Claim 8 A power management system of an energy device according to claim 1, wherein the first server or the second server applies alternating voltage and alternating current that vary by frequency to the battery modules through a battery controller attached to each battery module of the reusable battery energy device, and calculates impedance using the alternating voltage and alternating current responding thereto to manage SOH for each battery module.

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