A probe delivery device that facilitates the advancement and retraction of a probe within a venous catheter

Abstract

The probe delivery device may include a probe delivery mechanism that facilitates advancing a probe (153) through an IV catheter. The probe delivery mechanism may be housed within a compartment (120) of the probe delivery device and may include a probe extending from the compartment into a fluid path (110) formed within the probe delivery device. A portion of the probe delivery mechanism (150) may extend from the housing to allow a clinician to advance and retract the probe. The probe delivery device may include a vacuum tube receiver (130) or a connector capable of performing blood collection or fluid infusion using the probe delivery device.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a probe delivery device that facilitates the advancement and retraction of a probe within a venous catheter. Background Technology

[0002] Intravenous (IV) catheter devices are generally used for various infusion therapies. For example, IV catheter devices can be used to infuse fluids such as normal saline, various medications, and total parenteral nutrition to patients. IV catheter devices can also be used to draw blood from patients.

[0003] A common type of IV catheter device is the over-the-needle peripheral vein ("IV") catheter ("PIVC"). As the name suggests, an over-the-needle catheter can be mounted over a needle that has a pointed distal tip (or is pointed at the tip). The catheter and needle can be assembled so that the distal tip of the needle extends beyond the distal tip of the catheter, with the bevel of the needle pointing away from the patient's skin. The catheter and needle are typically inserted through the skin into the patient's vasculature at a shallow angle.

[0004] IV catheter devices generally provide access ports that allow other devices to access the catheter while it is positioned within the patient's vascular structure. These other devices can be used to perform various tasks, such as collecting blood samples, infusing fluids, performing measurements, and monitoring. In many cases, the catheter of an IV catheter device may become blocked (e.g., due to a blood clot or fibrin sheath), which can hinder the performance of these tasks. If the catheter is blocked, clinicians may attempt to clear the occlusion by inserting a needle, wire, or other structure through the catheter. However, clearing the occlusion using currently available technology is not always effective, is often difficult to perform, and can cause trauma to the vein.

[0005] The essence claimed in this specification is not limited to embodiments that operate only in environments as described above or that resolve any disadvantages. Rather, this background is provided to describe one exemplary technical area in which some of the implementations described herein may be carried out. The problem to be solved

[0006] The problem that the present invention aims to solve is to provide a probe delivery device for facilitating the advancement and retraction of a probe within an IV catheter. means of solving the problem

[0007] The present invention generally relates to a probe delivery device for facilitating the advancement and retraction of a probe within an IV catheter. The probe delivery device may include a probe delivery mechanism that facilitates the advancement of a probe through an IV catheter. The probe delivery mechanism may be housed within a compartment of the probe delivery device and may include a probe extending from the compartment into a fluid path formed within the probe delivery device. A portion of the probe delivery mechanism may extend from a housing to allow a clinician to advance and retract the probe. The probe delivery device may include a vacuum tube receiver or connector that enables blood collection or fluid infusion to be performed using the probe delivery device.

[0008] In some embodiments, the probe delivery device may include a housing having a proximal end and a distal end. The housing may form a compartment and a fluid path extending to the distal end of the housing. The probe delivery device may also include a probe delivery mechanism accommodated in the compartment. The probe delivery mechanism may include a probe extending from the compartment into the fluid path. The probe delivery mechanism may be configured to advance and retract the probe through the distal end of the housing.

[0009] In some embodiments, the fluid path may extend from the proximal end of the housing to the distal end of the housing. In some embodiments, the housing may form a probe channel extending from the compartment to the fluid path. In some embodiments, the probe delivery device may include a seal separating (or isolating) the probe channel from the fluid path. In some embodiments, the probe may extend through the seal.

[0010] In some embodiments, the probe delivery mechanism may include a spool and an advancement wheel. In some embodiments, the advancement wheel may extend from the housing, and when the advancement wheel is rotated, the spool may rotate to cause the probe to advance or retract. In some embodiments, the probe may be wound around a spool drum of the spool.

[0011] In some embodiments, the probe delivery mechanism may include a spool on which the probe is wound (or is wound), and the spool may form a forward wheel extending from the housing. In some embodiments, the probe delivery mechanism may further include a primary wheel positioned adjacent to the spool. The probe may extend proximally from the spool, wrap around the primary wheel, and then extend into the fluid path. In some embodiments, the probe delivery mechanism may further include one or more secondary wheels adjacent to the primary wheel, and the probe may pass through and contact between the primary wheel and the one or more secondary wheels.

[0012] In some embodiments, the probe delivery mechanism may include a first guide wheel and a second guide wheel, and the probe may pass through and contact between the first guide wheel and the second guide wheel. In some embodiments, the probe delivery mechanism may further include a forward wheel extending from the housing. When the forward wheel is rotated, the first guide wheel may rotate to cause the probe to advance or retract.

[0013] In some embodiments, the probe delivery mechanism may include a rack mechanism and a pinion. In some embodiments, the probe delivery mechanism may include a forward wheel and a shaft. In some embodiments, the probe delivery mechanism may include a sliding member having an actuator portion extending from the housing and a wheel around which the probe is routed.

[0014] In some embodiments, the probe delivery device may include a housing having a proximal end and a distal end. The housing may form a compartment and a fluid path extending from the proximal end to the distal end. The probe delivery device may also include a probe delivery mechanism housed in the compartment. The probe delivery mechanism may include a spool around which a probe is wound, so that the probe may advance or retract due to the rotation of the spool. In some embodiments, the spool may extend from the housing. In some embodiments, the probe delivery mechanism may include a forward wheel extending from the housing, and the spool may be rotated by the forward wheel. In some embodiments, the probe delivery mechanism may include a primary wheel positioned in proximity to the spool, so that the probe may be routed around the primary wheel. In some embodiments, the spool may be a pinion. In some embodiments, the proximal end of the housing may form a vacuum tube receiver connected to the fluid path or a connector connected to the fluid path.

[0015] In some embodiments, the probe delivery device may include a housing having a proximal end and a distal end. The housing may form a compartment, a fluid path extending from the proximal end to the distal end, and a probe channel separated from the fluid path. The probe delivery device may also include a probe delivery mechanism housed in the compartment. The probe delivery mechanism may include a probe extending into the fluid path through the probe channel. The probe delivery mechanism may be configured to advance and retract the probe through the distal end of the housing. In some embodiments, the probe delivery mechanism may extend from the compartment.

[0016] It should be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are all illustrative and descriptive and do not limit the invention as claimed. It should be understood that various embodiments are not limited to the configurations and means depicted in the drawings. Furthermore, it should be understood that embodiments may be combined, other embodiments may be utilized, and structural modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the various embodiments of the invention unless otherwise claimed. Accordingly, the following detailed description should not be taken in a limiting sense. Effects of the invention

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention as described above, a probe delivery device can be implemented to facilitate the advancement and retraction of a probe within an IV catheter. Of course, the scope of the present invention is not limited by this effect. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0018] Exemplary embodiments will be further described and explained in specific and detailed terms through the use of the following accompanying drawings: FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view of a device configured according to some embodiments. Figure 1a is an exploded rear view of the probe advance mechanism of the device of Figure 1. FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of another device configured according to some embodiments. FIG. 2a is a rear view of the probe advance mechanism of the device of FIG. 2. FIG. 3 is a planar perspective view of another device configured according to some embodiments. FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view of another device configured according to some embodiments. FIG. 5 is a side cross-sectional view of another device configured according to some embodiments. FIG. 6 is a side cross-sectional view of another device configured according to some embodiments. FIG. 7 is a side cross-sectional view of another device configured according to some embodiments. FIG. 8 is a side cross-sectional view of another device configured according to some embodiments. FIG. 9 is a side cross-sectional view of another device configured according to some embodiments. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0019] In the specification and claims, the term “IV catheter device” should be interpreted (or understood) as any device comprising an IV catheter. The term “probe delivery device” should be interpreted as any device configured to advance and retract a probe within an IV catheter. In some embodiments, the probe delivery device may be a device distinct from the IV catheter device in which the probe delivery device may be used. In other embodiments, the probe delivery device may be in the form of an IV catheter device. In other words, the probe delivery device may include an IV catheter in some embodiments. The term “probe delivery mechanism” will be used to denote various mechanisms and / or configurations of the probe delivery device that enable the probe to advance and retract within an IV catheter according to embodiments of the present invention.

[0020] Before describing various examples of probe delivery devices, general characteristics of some embodiments of the probe delivery device will be described. The probe delivery device includes a distal end that faces the patient's vascular structure during use and a proximal end opposite to said distal end. In some embodiments, said distal end may be configured to be connected to an IV catheter device, whereas in other embodiments, said distal end may include an IV catheter. In some embodiments, said proximal end may be configured so that a separate device can be connected to the probe delivery device. For example, said proximal end may include an access port or a vacuum tube receiver (or vacuum tube receiver) that forms part of a fluid path extending to said distal end of the probe delivery device. In other embodiments, said distal end or other part of said probe delivery device may be configured so that a separate device can be connected to said probe delivery device. However, in some embodiments, said probe delivery device may not be configured so that a separate device can be connected to said probe delivery device. For example, a probe delivery device may be configured to deliver a probe without being configured to inject fluid or extract blood.

[0021] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a probe delivery device (100) configured according to some embodiment of the present invention. The probe delivery device (100) comprises a housing (105) having a distal end (100a) and a proximal end (100b). Although only a portion of the distal end (100a) is illustrated, as previously described, the distal end (100a) may include any type of connector that allows the probe delivery device (100) to be connected to an IV catheter device or may include an IV catheter. The proximal end (100b) is configured to form a vacuum tube receiver (130) having a needle (131) covered by a protective sheath (132). A fluid path (110) extends within the probe delivery device (100) from the needle (131) to the distal end (100a). Accordingly, by inserting the vacuum tube (140) into the vacuum tube receiver (130), a blood sample can be collected through the fluid path (110). In another embodiment, the proximal end (100b) may include a Luer connector or any other type of connector coupled to the fluid path (110).

[0022] The probe delivery device (100) includes a probe delivery mechanism (150) that allows a probe (153) (e.g., nickel titanium wire) to be advanced in a distal direction through an IV catheter and subsequently withdrawn in a proximal direction. A compartment (120) is formed within the probe delivery device (100) and accommodates the probe delivery mechanism (150). A dividing wall (115) extends distally from the compartment (120) and creates a probe channel (121) that connects the fluid path (110) at a distal portion (110a) of the fluid path (110). To separate the compartment (120) from the fluid path (110), a seal (or sealing part) (122) (e.g., an elastomeric septum) may be positioned within and across the probe channel (121). The probe (153) may extend through a slit or other opening formed within the seal (122). The seal (122) may provide support to the probe (153) to prevent it from buckling as the probe (153) advances. Although the probe channel (121) is depicted as being substantially wider than the probe (153), in some embodiments, at least some of the dimensions of the probe channel (121) may be slightly larger than the probe (153) so that the probe channel (121) can provide support to prevent the probe from buckling.

[0023] The probe delivery mechanism (150) includes a spool (155) and an advance wheel (152), both configured to rotate within the compartment (120). The spool (155) is positioned adjacent to the advance wheel (152) (i.e., toward the probe channel (121) relative to the advance wheel (152). The advance wheel (152) is positioned to partially extend from the compartment (120) so that a clinician can use their thumb or finger to rotate the advance wheel (152). The spool (155) includes a gear (156) having teeth (156a). Likewise, the advance wheel (152) includes teeth (152a) and thus can function as a gear. The tooth (152a) interfaces with the tooth (156a) so that the spool (155) rotates when the forward wheel (152) rotates. In the illustrated embodiment, the tooth (152a) is formed along the outermost edge of the forward wheel (152). However, in other embodiments, the tooth (152a) may be formed along the portion of the forward wheel inserted with respect to the outermost edge.

[0024] FIG. 1a provides an exploded rear view of a separated probe delivery mechanism (150). The spool (155) and the forward wheel (152) each include axles (155b, 152b) that rotate around the components and where these components are located within the compartment (120). The spool (155) includes a spool drum (155a) on which the probe (153) can be wound. Thus, when the spool (155) is rotated, the probe (153) can be advanced or retracted along the probe channel (121) depending on the direction in which the forward wheel (152) rotates. In the illustrated embodiment, the gear formed by the forward wheel (152) has a larger diameter than the gear (156), so that the probe (153) is advanced or retracted by a greater distance relative to the amount of rotation of the forward wheel (152). In contrast, in another embodiment, the gear formed by the forward wheel (152) may have a diameter equal to or smaller than that of the gear (156). In such an embodiment, the probe (153) may advance or retract a smaller distance relative to the amount of rotation of the forward wheel (152), but such advance or retraction may be achieved with a reduced amount of force on the forward wheel (152).

[0025] In some embodiments, the probe delivery device (100) may include a seal (not shown) within a compartment (120) that separates (or isolates) the spool drum (155a) and the probe (153) from the external environment. In these embodiments, a seal (122) may or may not be used because fluid entering the probe channel (121) will be prevented from escaping the compartment (120) by the seal (or seal) within the compartment (120).

[0026] FIG. 2 illustrates another example of a probe delivery device (200) configured according to some embodiment of the present invention. The probe delivery device (200) comprises a housing (205) having a distal end (200a) which may be configured in any manner described above, and a proximal end (200b) forming a vacuum tube receiver (230) having a needle (231) covered by a protective sheath (232). A fluid path (210) extends within the probe delivery device (200) from the needle (231) to the distal end (200a). Thus, a blood sample can be collected through the fluid path (210) by inserting a vacuum tube (240) into the vacuum tube receiver (230). In another embodiment, the proximal end (200b) may include a Luer connector or any other type of connector coupled to the fluid path (210).

[0027] In some embodiments, the length of the fluid path (210) is selected based on one or more of the following: the gauge of a particular IV catheter, the configuration of a particular IV catheter assembly, or the clinical setting. In some embodiments, the fluid path (210) may include a length (L) from the distal end (or, distal end) of the needle (231) to the distal end (200a). In some embodiments, the fluid path (210) may include an inner diameter (D).

[0028] The fluid flow of the fluid path (210) can be analyzed using the Poiseuille equation when the fluid path (210) is tubular.

[0029]

[0030] Here, ε is the change in pressure gradient along the length of the fluid path, D and L are the inner diameter and length of the fluid path, respectively, and is the viscosity of the fluid, and is fluid resistance. is the viscosity of the fluid and is not part of the expanded tube shape, so the geometric factor is defined as follows. (Fluid resistance) is and, here am.

[0031] In some embodiments, the fluid path (210) may have multiple sections having lengths (L1, L2, L3) and inner diameters (D1, D2, D3), and the geometric factors are as follows:

[0032]

[0033] In some embodiments, the fluid path (210) may have an inner diameter that varies over the length of the fluid path (210), and the geometric factors are as follows:

[0034]

[0035] In some embodiments, the fluid path (210) may have a non-circular cross-section or a complex inner diameter profile. Then, a known viscosity ( ) Pressure given by the fluid ( Geometric factors can be determined by measuring the flow rate (Q) in ):

[0036]

[0037] fluid path (210) The value is the maximum shear stress for each IV catheter gauge, previously considered the gold standard for blood collection, BD 21G VACUTAINER ® UltraTouch TM It may be selected to reduce the maximum shear stress of the push-button blood collection set (available at Becton, Dickinson & Company in Franklin Lakes, New Jersey) to be equal to or less than the maximum shear stress. In some embodiments, of the fluid path (210). The value is the maximum shear stress for each catheter gauge BD 25G VACUTAINER ® UltraTouch TMIt can be selected to reduce the maximum shear stress of a push-button blood collection set (available at Becton, Dickinson & Company, Franklin Lakes, New Jersey) to a level equal to or less than the maximum shear stress.

[0038] In some embodiments, the fluid path of a blood collection system, which may include a needle (231), a fluid path (210), and one or more of an IV catheter device (which may include a catheter adapter, an extension tube extending from a side port of the catheter adapter, and an IV catheter extending from a distal end of the catheter adapter), may include the entire blood collection path through which blood flows to a vacuum tube (140) or other suitable blood collection device after leaving the vascular structure (or vascular system) during blood collection. System geometric factor G for the fluid path of the blood collection system. fs is of the fluid path (210) described above. G f It can be determined in a manner similar to the value. In some embodiments, the system geometric factor G fs is 7.34E+06 (1 / in 3 ) It may be more than. In some embodiments, G fs may include other values. In some embodiments, the system geometric factor G fs is 7.34E+06 (1 / in when the probe (253) is in the forward position 3 ) may be greater than. In some embodiments, the system geometric factor G fs is 7.34E+06 (1 / in 3 ) It may be plus or minus 10 percent, plus or minus 25 percent, plus or minus 50 percent, or plus or minus 75 percent. In some embodiments, G fs It may include other values ​​that can be selected based on the gauge and / or length of the IV catheter.

[0039] The probe delivery device (200) includes a probe delivery mechanism (250) that allows the probe (253) to be advanced distally through an IV catheter and subsequently retracted proximally. A compartment (220) is formed within the probe delivery device (200) and accommodates the probe delivery mechanism (250). A partition wall (215) extends from the compartment (220) to the distal end and creates a probe channel (221) that connects the fluid path (210) at the distal portion (210a) of the fluid path (210). A seal (222) is positioned within the probe channel (221) and spans the probe channel (221) to separate the probe channel (221) from the fluid path (210).

[0040] As better illustrated in FIG. 2a, which is a separated rear view of the probe delivery mechanism (250), the probe delivery mechanism (250) comprises a spool (251) having an axle (251b), said axle holding the spool (251) within the compartment (220) and allowing the spool (251) to rotate. The spool (251) also comprises a spool drum (251c) on which the probe (253) is wound (or is wound). A portion of the spool (251) forms a forward wheel (251a) extending upward from the compartment (220). Thus, a clinician can directly rotate the spool (251) by applying force to the forward wheel (251a). This rotation can cause the probe (253) to advance and retract within the probe channel (221) depending on the direction of rotation.

[0041] FIG. 3 illustrates another example of a probe delivery device (300) configured according to some embodiments of the present invention. The probe delivery device (300) comprises a housing (305) having a distal end (300a) and a proximal end (300b). The distal end (300a) forms a connector (306) to which the probe delivery device (300) can be coupled to an IV catheter device (not shown). The probe delivery device (300) is an example of a probe delivery device not configured to collect blood or inject fluid. Accordingly, the proximal end (300b) does not form a vacuum tube receiver or include an access port or other connector. Additionally, although not visible, a probe channel that is not a fluid path may be formed within the housing (305). The probe (353) may extend through the probe channel, through the distal end (300a), to an IV catheter device to which the probe delivery device (300) is connected and ultimately connected through the IV catheter. However, it should be noted that in some embodiments, the proximal end (300b) may be configured to collect blood or inject fluid using the probe delivery device (300) (e.g., using any of the aforementioned techniques).

[0042] The probe delivery device (300) includes a probe delivery mechanism (350) having a spool (351) generally similar to a spool (251). In particular, the spool (351) has an axle (351b) that holds the spool (351) within a compartment (320) and allows the spool (351) to rotate. The spool (351) also includes a spool drum (351c) on which the probe (353) is wound. A portion of the spool (351) forms a forward wheel (351a) extending upward from the compartment (320). Thus, a clinician can directly rotate the spool (351) by applying force to the forward wheel (351a), and this rotation can advance or retract the probe (353).

[0043] FIG. 4 illustrates another example of a probe delivery device (400) configured according to some embodiment of the present invention. The probe delivery device (400) comprises a housing (405) having a distal end (400a) which can be configured in any manner described above, and a proximal end (400b) to which a tube (430) having a connector (430a) extends. A fluid path (410) extends within the probe delivery device (400) from the tube (430) to the distal end (400a). Thus, a separate device may be coupled to the connector (430a) to extract blood from the fluid path (410) or to inject fluid into the fluid path (410). In another embodiment, the proximal end (400b) may form a vacuum tube receiver similar to that described above. In some embodiments, the tube (430) may form part of the fluid path (410) (e.g., by extending to the distal end of the dividing wall (415)).

[0044] The probe delivery device (400) includes a probe delivery mechanism (450) that allows the probe (453) to be advanced distally through an IV catheter and subsequently retracted proximally. A distal compartment (420a) and a proximal compartment (420b) are formed within the probe delivery device (400) and the house probe delivery mechanism (450). A compartment channel (420c) interconnects the distal compartment (420a) and the proximal compartment (420b). A partition wall (415) creates a probe channel (421) that extends distally (or to the distal end) from the proximal compartment (420b) and connects the fluid path (410) at the distal portion (410a) of the fluid path (410). The seal (422) is located within the probe channel (421) and extends across the probe channel (421) so as to separate the probe channel (421) from the fluid path (410).

[0045] The probe delivery mechanism (450) includes a spool (451) having an axle (451b) that holds the spool (451) within a distal compartment (420a) and allows the spool (451) to rotate. The spool (451) also includes a spool drum (451c) on which the probe (453) is wound. A portion of the spool (451) forms a forward wheel (451a) extending upward from the distal compartment (420a). Thus, a clinician can directly rotate the spool (451) by applying force to the forward wheel (451a).

[0046] The probe delivery mechanism (450) also includes a primary wheel (461) having an axle (461a) that holds the primary wheel (461) within the proximal compartment (420b) and allows the primary wheel (461) to rotate. The probe delivery mechanism (450) further includes a secondary wheel (462) configured to be adjacent to the primary wheel (461) and to rotate within the proximal compartment (420b). In the illustrated embodiment, there are four secondary wheels (462), but in other embodiments, there may be a single secondary wheel or any other reasonable number of secondary wheels. Additionally, in some embodiments, the probe delivery mechanism (450) may include the primary wheel (461) and not include the secondary wheel.

[0047] The probe (453) is wound around the spool drum (451c) and then extends proximally through the compartment channel (420c) to wrap around the proximal side of the primary wheel (461). Each secondary wheel (462) may be positioned close to the primary wheel (461) or even relative to the primary wheel (461) to maintain the probe (453) in constant contact with the primary wheel (461). Thus, the arrangement of the primary wheel (461) and the secondary wheels (462) can facilitate the advancement of the probe (453) by minimizing any resistance that may be caused when the probe wraps around the primary wheel (461). More specifically, the secondary wheels (462) can keep the probe (453) in contact with the primary wheel (461), so that when the spool (451) is rotated to advance or retract the probe (453), the advance or retraction will cause the primary wheel (461) to rotate in unison. As can be seen, the probe delivery mechanism (450) functions in a manner similar to a pulley system, so the amount of force that a clinician must apply to the spool (451) to advance or retract the probe (453) can be minimized.

[0048] FIG. 5 illustrates another example of a probe delivery device (500) configured according to some embodiment of the present invention. The probe delivery device (500) comprises a housing (505) having a distal end (500a) which can be configured in any manner described above, and a proximal end (500b) to which a tube (or piping) (530) having a connector (530a) extends. In the illustrated embodiment, the tube (530) forms a proximal portion of a fluid path (510) that extends to a distal portion (510a) of a fluid path (510) within the probe delivery device (500). Because the tube (530) forms a proximal portion of the fluid path (510), a dividing wall is not required to separate the proximal portion of the fluid path (510) from the compartment (520). However, in other embodiments, a dividing wall may be formed within the housing (505) in a manner similar to the embodiment described above. In another embodiment, the connector (530a) may be replaced with a vacuum tube receiver similar to the above-described embodiment. The seal (522) is located within the housing (505) to separate the partition (520) from the distal portion (510a) of the fluid path (510).

[0049] The probe delivery device (500) includes a probe delivery mechanism (550) that enables the probe (553) to advance distally through the IV catheter and subsequently retract proximally. The compartment (520) may be formed as a hollow interior of the housing (505). The probe delivery mechanism (550) includes a first guide wheel (555) having a gear (556) having a tooth (556a), and a forward wheel (552) having a tooth (552a) along its outermost edge so that the forward wheel (552) functions as a gear driving the gear (556). The probe delivery mechanism (550) further includes a second guide wheel (561) located below but adjacent to the first guide wheel (555). The probe (553) includes an end (553a) fixed to a part of the housing (505) (e.g., a part adjacent to the forward wheel (552)). The probe (553) is initially routed proximally within the compartment (520), then routed distally to pass between the first guide wheel (555) and the second guide wheel (561) and through the seal (522).

[0050] The first guide wheel (555) and the second guide wheel (561) may be positioned close to each other so that the probe (553) remains in contact with both guide wheels when the probe (553) advances or retracts. For example, the second guide wheel (561) may be deflected relative to the first guide wheel (555). Thus, when a clinician rotates the advance wheel (552), the gear formed by the advance wheel (552) will cause the first guide wheel (555) to rotate. Since the probe (553) is sandwiched between the first guide wheel (555) and the second guide wheel (561), the rotation of the first guide wheel (555) will cause the probe (553) to advance or retract depending on the direction of rotation. The second guide wheel (561) may be configured to rotate to minimize any resistance caused as the probe (553) advances or retracts. In some embodiments, one or both of the first guide wheel (555) and the second guide wheel (561) may be formed or coated with a high-friction material so that the probe (553) does not slip against the wheels (i.e., friction will ensure that the wheels rotate when the probe advances or retracts).

[0051] In some embodiments including the illustrated embodiment, the housing (505) includes a window (570) (e.g., a section of the transparent housing) that allows a clinician to view the interior of the compartment (520). Through the window (570), the clinician can monitor the distance the probe (553) has advanced. For example, the clinician can look through the window (570) to see the position where the curved portion of the probe (553) is located. When the curved portion is positioned toward the proximal end (500b), the clinician can determine that the probe (553) is fully retracted. In contrast, when the curved portion is positioned toward the distal end of the compartment (520), the clinician can determine that the probe (553) is fully advanced. In some embodiments, the window (570) or other part of the section (520) may include a ruler or other mark indicating the distance the probe (553) has advanced when the curved part of the probe (553) is aligned with a specific mark. In some embodiments, the probe (553) may be colored to increase visibility within the window (570). In some embodiments, the color of the probe (553) may vary along its length so that the color can indicate the distance the probe (553) has advanced.

[0052] FIG. 6 illustrates another example of a probe delivery device (600) configured according to some embodiment of the present invention. The probe delivery device (600) comprises a housing (605) having a distal end (600a) which can be configured in any of the aforementioned ways, and a proximal end (600b) to which a tube (630) having a connector (630a) extends. A fluid path (610) extends within the probe delivery device (600) from the tube (630) to the distal end (600a).

[0053] The probe delivery device (600) includes a probe delivery mechanism (650) that allows the probe (653) to be advanced distally through an IV catheter and subsequently retracted proximally. A compartment (620 / 620a / 620b) is formed within the probe delivery device (600) and accommodates the probe delivery mechanism (650). A partition wall (615) extends from the compartment (620) to the distal end and creates a probe channel (621) connecting the fluid path (610) at the distal portion (610a) of the fluid path (610). A seal (622) is positioned within the probe channel (621) and spans the probe channel (621) to separate the probe channel (621) from the fluid path (610).

[0054] The probe delivery mechanism (650) includes a pinion (655) configured to rotate within the compartment (620). The probe delivery mechanism (650) also includes a rack mechanism (652) having a rack (652b) and an actuator portion (652a). The actuator portion (652a) extends from the proximal portion (620b) of the compartment (620) to allow a clinician to slide the rack mechanism (652) along the proximal portion (620b) and distal portion (620a) of the compartment (620) using their thumb or finger. The rack (652b) is positioned to interface with the pinion (655) so that the pinion (655) rotates when the rack (652b) slides laterally (or, when it is slid). The pinion (655) includes a spool drum (not visible) on which the probe (653) is wound. The spool drum of the pinion (655) may be similar to that described above. Thus, as the rack mechanism (652) slides distally, the probe (653) will advance distally. Similarly, as the rack mechanism (652) slides proximally, the probe (653) will retract proximally. Thus, the position of the actuator part (652a) may indicate the distance the probe (653) has advanced. In some embodiments, a ruler or other mark may be formed on the part of the housing (605) on which the actuator part (652a) slides.

[0055] FIG. 7 illustrates another example of a probe delivery device (700) configured according to some embodiment of the present invention. The probe delivery device (700) comprises a housing (705) having a distal end (700a) forming a connector (706) and a proximal end (700b) to which a tube (730) having a connector (730a) extends. A fluid path (710) extends within the probe delivery device (700) from the tube (730) to the distal end (700a).

[0056] The probe delivery device (700) includes a probe delivery mechanism (750) that allows the probe (753) to be advanced distally through an IV catheter and subsequently retracted proximally. A compartment (720) is formed within the probe delivery device (700) and accommodates the probe delivery mechanism (750). A partition wall (715) extends distally (or to the end) from the compartment (720) and creates a probe channel (721) that connects the fluid path (710) at the distal portion (710a) of the fluid path (710). A seal (722) is positioned within the probe channel (721) and spans the probe channel (721) to separate the probe channel (721) from the fluid path (710).

[0057] The probe delivery mechanism (750) includes a shaft (751) located at the proximal end of the probe channel (721) and a forward wheel (752) located within the compartment (720) and extending from the housing (705). The forward wheel (752) includes a tooth (752a) that interfaces with a tooth (751a) of the shaft (751). Thus, when a clinician rotates the forward wheel (752), the shaft (751) will move linearly within the probe channel (721). The probe (753) can be fixed within the shaft (751) so that when the shaft (751) moves linearly, the probe (753) will advance distally or retract proximally depending on the direction of rotation of the wheel (752).

[0058] FIG. 8 illustrates another example of a probe delivery device (800) configured according to some embodiment of the present invention. The probe delivery device (800) comprises a housing (805) having a distal end (800a) which can be configured in any manner described above, and a proximal end (800b) forming a vacuum tube receiver (830) having a needle (831) covered by a protective sheath (832). A fluid path (810) extends within the probe delivery device (800) from the needle (831) to the distal end (800a).

[0059] The probe delivery device (800) includes a probe delivery mechanism (850) that allows the probe (853) to be advanced distally through an IV catheter and subsequently retracted proximally. A compartment (820) is formed within the probe delivery device (800) and accommodates the probe delivery mechanism (850). A partition wall (815) extends distally from the compartment (820) and creates a probe channel (821) that connects (or merges) with the fluid path (810) at the distally portion (810a) of the fluid path (810). A seal (822) is positioned within the probe channel (821) and spans the probe channel (821) to separate the probe channel (821) from the fluid path (810).

[0060] The probe delivery mechanism (850) comprises a sliding member (851) having an actuator portion (851a) extending from the compartment (820) and a wheel (851b) connected to the actuator portion (851a). The compartment (820) may be configured so that the sliding member (851) slides distally and proximally within the compartment (820) when a clinician applies force to the actuator portion (851a). An end (853a) of the probe (853) may be fixed to the housing (805) toward the distal end of the compartment (820). The probe (853) is initially routed proximally around the wheel (851b) and then routed distally through the probe channel (821). The wheel (851b) may be configured to retain the probe (853) in contact with the wheel (851b) even while the sliding member (851) is sliding within the compartment (820) (e.g., using retaining bars (not shown) that perform a function similar to the secondary wheel (462)). Thus, as the sliding member (851) slides distally, the wheel (851b) may rotate to advance the probe (853) distally. Since the probe (853) is "folded back" itself, the probe (853) will advance / retract by twice the distance the sliding member (851) advances / retracts.

[0061] A number of variations have been described in the context of specific illustrated embodiments. Note that although not explicitly described for each illustrated embodiment, such variations may be applied to any of the embodiments described or illustrated above. A number of additional variations may also be made as described hereafter.

[0062] In some embodiments, the probe delivery mechanism may include a spring or other mechanism that is loaded as the probe advances. In such embodiments, the probe delivery mechanism may also include a ratchet or locking mechanism that prevents the spring from being unloaded until the clinician releases the ratchet or locking mechanism (e.g., by pressing a button). Once released, the probe may automatically retract due to the spring. For example, in the context of FIG. 2, the spring and ratchet mechanism may be integrated (or included) in the spool (251), and the release button may be integrated in the housing (205). In such a case, when the spool (251) is rotated to advance the probe (253), the spring will be loaded. Once the clinician wishes to retract (or withdraw) the probe (253), he may press the button to release the ratchet mechanism. The loaded spring will cause the spool (251) to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the probe (253) to be wound back around the spool drum (251c). A similar technique may be used in any embodiment using a wheel, spool, or other rotating member. In relation to the probe delivery mechanism (650, 850), the linear spring may be loaded when each actuator part is slid distally and unloaded in response to a clinician releasing a ratchet or other locking mechanism.

[0063] In any of the described embodiments, the probe delivery device may include some type of indicia indicating how far the probe has advanced. Such indicia may be passive (e.g., ruler markings, labels, colors, scales, numbers, symbols, etc.) or active (e.g., digital displays, speakers, etc.). Additionally, in any of the described embodiments, the probe delivery mechanism may include a mechanism to prevent excessive advancement or excessive retraction of the probe. For example, an embodiment using a rotating component may include a stop that contacts the rotating component when the probe reaches a maximum advancement distance. As suggested above, the illustrated embodiment shows a fluid path extending to the proximal end of the probe delivery device; however, in some embodiments, the fluid path may extend from the probe delivery device at a point other than the proximal end, including the distal end of the probe delivery device. For example, the fluid path (110) may extend out of the probe delivery device (100) toward the distal portion (110a) at a point opposite the probe delivery mechanism (150) to form a vacuum tube receiver or other connector.

[0064] In any of the described embodiments, the fluid path and the probe channel may be the same path / channel. For example, FIG. 9 illustrates a probe delivery device (900) similar to the probe delivery device (100), except that the probe delivery device (900) does not include a fluid path (110) or a seal (122). Instead, the probe channel (121) forms the distal portion of the fluid path. The proximal portion (910) of the fluid path may extend from the spool (155) to the needle (131) (or any other connector / adapter that may be employed). In such an embodiment, the probe (153) may be in the form of a tube so that the probe (153) forms the proximal portion (910) of the fluid path. In other words, the proximal end of the probe (153) may extend proximally (or in any other direction) from the spool (155) to connect to the needle (131). In other variations, a separate tube (or piping) may extend from a compartment housing a probe channel or probe delivery mechanism to form a proximal end of a fluid path. For example, a separate tube or channel may be formed in a compartment (520, 620, or 820) to form a fluid path to a vacuum tube receiver or other connector.

[0065] All illustrative and conditional language cited herein is intended for educational purposes to help the reader understand the invention and the concepts to which the inventor contributed to developing the technology, and should be interpreted as not being limited to the specifically cited illustrative and conditional language. Although embodiments of the invention have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions, and alterations may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Explanation of the symbols

[0066] 100: Probe delivery device 100a: Distal end 100b: Proximal end 105: Housing 110: Fluid path 120: Section 121: Probe Channel 150: Probe delivery mechanism 153: Probe

Claims

Claim 1 A probe delivery device comprising: a housing having a proximal end and a distal end and forming a compartment and a fluid path; and a probe delivery mechanism accommodated within the compartment, the probe including a probe extending from the compartment to the fluid path, and configured to advance and retract the probe through the distal end of the housing; wherein the probe delivery mechanism includes a spool and an advancement wheel, the advancement wheel extending from the housing, and when the advancement wheel is rotated, the spool rotates to advance or retract the probe, and the advancement wheel and the spool are geared to cause the spool to rotate by a different amount relative to the amount of rotation of the advancement wheel. Claim 2 In claim 1, the probe delivery device, wherein the fluid path extends from the proximal end of the housing to the distal end of the housing. Claim 3 A probe delivery device according to claim 1, wherein the housing forms a probe channel extending from the compartment to the fluid path. Claim 4 A probe delivery device according to claim 3, further comprising a seal separating the probe channel from the fluid path, wherein the probe extends through the seal. Claim 5 In claim 3, the probe channel forms the fluid path, a probe delivery device. Claim 6 delete Claim 7 In claim 1, the probe is wound onto the spool drum of the spool, a probe delivery device. Claim 8 delete Claim 9 delete Claim 10 A probe delivery device according to claim 1, wherein the probe delivery mechanism further comprises a primary wheel positioned in proximity to the spool, and the probe extends proximally from the spool, wraps around the primary wheel, and then extends into the fluid path. Claim 11 A probe delivery device comprising: a housing having a proximal end and a distal end and forming a compartment and a fluid path; and a probe delivery mechanism accommodated within the compartment, the probe including a probe extending from the compartment into the fluid path and configured to advance and retract the probe through the distal end of the housing; wherein the probe delivery mechanism includes a spool on which the probe is wound, the spool further includes a forward wheel extending from the housing, the probe delivery mechanism further includes a primary wheel positioned adjacent to the spool, the probe extending proximally from the spool, wrapping around the primary wheel, and then extending into the fluid path, and wherein the probe delivery mechanism further includes one or more secondary wheels adjacent to the primary wheel, and the probe passes through and contacts between the primary wheel and the one or more secondary wheels. Claim 12 A probe delivery device comprising: a housing having a proximal end and a distal end and forming a compartment and a fluid path; and a probe delivery mechanism accommodated within the compartment, the probe including a probe extending from the compartment to the fluid path, said probe delivery mechanism configured to advance and retract the probe through the distal end of the housing; wherein the probe delivery mechanism includes a first guide wheel and a second guide wheel, and the probe passes between and contacts the first guide wheel and the second guide wheel. Claim 13 In claim 12, the probe delivery mechanism further comprises a forward wheel extending from the housing, and when the forward wheel is rotated, the first guide wheel rotates to cause the probe to advance or retract, a probe delivery device. Claim 14 A probe delivery device comprising: a housing having a proximal end and a distal end and forming a compartment and a fluid path; and a probe delivery mechanism accommodated within the compartment, the probe delivery mechanism including a probe extending from the compartment to the fluid path and configured to advance and retract the probe through the distal end of the housing; wherein the probe delivery mechanism includes a rack mechanism and a pinion. Claim 15 A probe delivery device comprising: a housing having a proximal end and a distal end and forming a compartment and a fluid path; and a probe delivery mechanism accommodated within the compartment, the probe including a probe extending from the compartment to the fluid path, and configured to advance and retract the probe through the distal end of the housing; wherein the probe delivery mechanism includes a forward wheel and a shaft. Claim 16 A probe delivery device comprising: a housing having a proximal end and a distal end and forming a compartment and a fluid path; and a probe delivery mechanism accommodated within the compartment, the probe delivery mechanism including a probe extending from the compartment to the fluid path and configured to advance and retract the probe through the distal end of the housing; wherein the probe delivery mechanism includes an actuator portion extending from the housing and a sliding member having a wheel through which the probe is routed. Claim 17 delete Claim 18 A probe delivery device comprising: a housing having a proximal end and a distal end and forming a compartment and a fluid path; and a probe delivery mechanism comprising a spool received within the compartment and on which a probe is wound, wherein the probe delivery mechanism causes the probe to advance or retract due to rotation of the spool, wherein the spool extends from the housing; the probe delivery mechanism comprises a forward wheel extending from the housing and the spool is rotated by the forward wheel; the probe delivery mechanism comprises a primary wheel positioned in proximity to the spool and the probe is routed around the primary wheel; or the spool is a pinion. Claim 19 A probe delivery device comprising: a housing having a proximal end and a distal end and forming a compartment; a fluid path extending from the proximal end to the distal end; and a probe channel separated from the fluid path; and a probe delivery mechanism accommodated within the compartment, the probe delivery mechanism including a probe extending through the probe channel to the fluid path, and configured to advance and retract the probe through the distal end of the housing; wherein the probe delivery mechanism extends from the compartment. Claim 20 delete

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