Drain structure for pump piping

Abstract

The present invention relates to a drain structure for pump piping, comprising: a pump; a plurality of drain pipes; and a plurality of water traps connected to each of the plurality of drain pipes; wherein at least one of the plurality of water traps comprises a first zone in which oil is located at the top and a second zone in which water is located at the bottom, and includes a purification section that separates the first zone and the second zone and includes a connecting passage connecting the first zone and the second zone; wherein when a mixture of oil and water introduced through the plurality of drain pipes is introduced into the water trap, the water trap is configured such that the oil is separated into the first zone and the water into the second zone according to the difference in specific gravity between the oil and water in the mixture, and wherein the water trap includes a discharge port to collect the excess oil to the outside when the amount of oil accumulated in the first zone exceeds a preset capacity.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a drain structure for pump piping. Background Technology

[0002] In general, fluid transfer systems including pumps are widely used in various industrial fields, and pumps are widely adopted as core equipment for continuously pressurizing or circulating fluids within these systems. Pumps are driven by electric motors, internal combustion engines, pneumatics, or hydraulics, and are designed to allow fluids with varying viscosities, specific gravities, and temperatures to move continuously through piping. In these fluid transfer systems, it frequently occurs that oil and water are simultaneously present in the mixed fluid introduced during operation; if the oil-containing mixture is not properly treated, it can lead to system performance degradation and environmental pollution.

[0003] Conventional drain systems have generally utilized a method of treating mixed fluids generated during operation by attaching separate electronic oil-water separators or sensor-based oil collection devices to the pump piping. While these conventional technologies separate fluids based on the difference in specific gravity between oil and water, they mostly rely on electronic sensors, solenoid valves, and external power supplies, presenting limitations due to the need for complex control logic and maintenance. Furthermore, conventional drain devices require a separate power supply, are complex to install, and present problems such as the inability to continuously achieve stable fluid separation during pump operation due to the difficulty of immediate response in the event of a failure.

[0004] In particular, when a mixed liquid continuously flows into the pump piping, conventional technology may fail to separate and discharge oil and water due to control errors in electronic devices, malfunctions of detection sensors, or power instability. Consequently, oil often leaks externally, or water remains inside the system because it is not properly discharged. Furthermore, existing drain devices had structural limitations, requiring complex piping modifications or the installation of additional electronic control units on the existing pump piping. As a result, there is a growing need for a mechanical drain device that does not require a separate power source, capable of simply and reliably physically separating the mixed liquid during operation to automatically discharge oil and water. The problem to be solved

[0005] The present invention is intended to solve the aforementioned problems and provides a structure that stably separates oil and water using the difference in specific gravity of the fluid and the physical structure without a separate electronic control device or external power supply to the pump piping, continuously discharges the separated water, and automatically collects the oil when a reference water level is reached. Through this, problems such as failure, power instability, and detection errors occurring in existing complex electronic oil-water separators or sensor-based devices can be fundamentally eliminated.

[0006] By simply mounting it on the pump piping, it can automatically separate oil and water in the incoming mixture in real time. Since the oil rises to the top and accumulates in the first zone, and the water moves to the lower second zone for discharge, continuous fluid processing is possible without separate management during pump operation. In particular, as it does not require power, electronic sensors, or complex piping modifications, it can be easily applied to existing facilities and provides the effect of significantly reducing maintenance costs.

[0007] In addition, the present invention provides a drain structure for pump piping that can physically reduce the inflow velocity of the mixed liquid upon inflow and ensure sufficient residence time to induce stable layer separation based on the difference in specific gravity, thereby preventing oil from being discharged along with water, and simultaneously provide the effects of preventing environmental pollution caused by oil leakage and improving the reliability of the pump system. means of solving the problem

[0008] A drain structure for pump piping according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a pump; a plurality of drain pipes; and a plurality of water traps connected to each of the plurality of drain pipes; wherein at least one of the plurality of water traps comprises a first zone in which oil is located at the top and a second zone in which water is located at the bottom, and includes a purification section that separates the first zone and the second zone and includes a connecting passage connecting the first zone and the second zone; wherein when a mixture of oil and water introduced through the plurality of drain pipes is introduced into the water trap, the water trap is configured such that the oil is separated into the first zone and the water into the second zone according to the difference in specific gravity between the oil and water in the mixture, and wherein the water trap includes a discharge port to collect the excess oil to the outside when the amount of oil accumulated in the first zone exceeds a preset capacity.

[0009] The drain device is equipped with a specific gravity separation structure in each of the plurality of water traps that separates the mixture using the difference in specific gravity between oil and water. The specific gravity separation structure is configured such that when the mixture is introduced, the oil rises to a first zone, which is the upper part of the water trap, and the water remains in a second zone, which is the lower part, as the specific gravity of the oil is lower than that of water. Whether the amount of oil accumulated in the first zone exceeds the standard oil collection capacity is identified by an oil level detection pipe installed in the first zone when the oil level in the first zone exceeds the standard level. When the standard level is exceeded, a mechanical valve linked to the pipe is opened to discharge the excess oil into a collection tank, and simultaneously, the water accumulated in the second zone is configured to be continuously discharged to the outside through the water outlet of the water trap. The water outlet is installed at the bottom of the water trap, and the water is automatically discharged by gravity when it rises above the installation height of the water outlet.

[0010] The above drain device is characterized by having an expansion ring composed of a shape memory alloy attached to a part of the outer wall of the water trap, and the expansion ring is installed to be in close contact with the outer wall of the water trap. When the temperature of the environment in which the water trap is installed exceeds a preset temperature reference value, the expansion ring thermally expands to expand the outer wall of the water trap outward, thereby operating to physically reduce the flow rate of the mixed liquid flowing into the water trap. The reduction in flow rate has the effect of increasing the separation time due to the difference in specific gravity between oil and water within the water trap. When the expansion ring contracts due to a drop in temperature, the outer wall of the water trap is restored to its original state, causing the flow rate of the mixed liquid to increase again, so that flow rate correction is mechanically performed in response to temperature changes in the installation environment.

[0011] The above drain device is installed so as to be linked with a vibration detection lever attached to the building structure of the installation location at the bottom of the water trap, and the vibration detection lever continuously and mechanically tracks the vibration period data of the building where the drain device is installed. When the vibration detection lever detects that the vibration period of the building changes to a high-frequency vibration of 0.2 seconds or less, the vibration period is identified as a dangerous condition that causes high-speed fluid movement and oil separation failure. When the vibration detection lever detects the vibration period, the physical blocking plate of the water trap inlet linked to the vibration lever rotates to reduce the flow rate of the mixed liquid.

[0012] The above drain device is equipped with an ultrasonic oscillation device in a first zone of the water trap, wherein when the oil level in the first zone exceeds a reference level, the ultrasonic oscillation device irradiates the oil surface with ultrasound to induce micro-vibrations, and the frequency of the ultrasound is set to a preset first frequency that attenuates the surface tension existing at the boundary between the oil and water, and when the oil surface is slightly disturbed by the ultrasound, high-density foreign substances floating on the oil surface descend and move downward along with the water, and the ultrasonic oscillation device operates to open a mechanical induction valve linked to the water level pipe after the oil surface is flattened, and the induction valve is linked so that it can be opened only after the ultrasound is activated, thereby controlling the oil to be collected after the foreign substances in the oil have been removed.

[0013] The drain device is characterized by having a magnetic field-responsive barrier installed at the boundary between the first and second zones of the water trap, wherein the magnetic field-responsive barrier is composed of an elastic film containing magnetic particles, and the elastic film undergoes tension and contraction according to the rotation of a permanent magnet placed outside the drain device, wherein the permanent magnet is driven by a rotary mechanical rotor installed on the outside of the drain device, and the rotor is configured to rotate continuously in proportion to the water discharge flow rate at the bottom of the water trap, wherein when the water discharge flow rate exceeds a reference flow rate, the permanent magnet rotates at high speed due to the increase in the rotational speed of the rotor, and the magnetic field-responsive barrier temporarily contracts to narrow the interface between oil and water, thereby mechanically blocking the inflow of oil to the bottom, and wherein when the water discharge flow rate decreases, the speed of the rotor is decelerated, and the magnetic field-responsive barrier self-restores and expands to its original state, thereby resuming the separation of oil and water by specific gravity. Effects of the invention

[0014] It is possible to provide a structure that stably separates oil and water using physical structures and differences in fluid specific gravity without the need for separate electronic control devices or external power supply in the pump piping, continuously discharges the separated water, and automatically collects the oil when a reference water level is reached. Through this, problems such as failures, power instability, and detection errors occurring in existing complex electronic oil-water separators or sensor-based devices can be fundamentally eliminated.

[0015] By simply mounting it on the pump piping, it can automatically separate oil and water in the incoming mixture in real time. Since the oil rises to the top and accumulates in the first zone, and the water moves to the lower second zone for discharge, continuous fluid processing is possible without separate management during pump operation. In particular, as it does not require power, electronic sensors, or complex piping modifications, it can be easily applied to existing facilities and provides the effect of significantly reducing maintenance costs.

[0016] In addition, by physically reducing the inflow velocity when the mixed liquid is introduced and ensuring a sufficient residence time to induce stable layer separation due to the difference in specific gravity, it is possible to prevent oil from being discharged together with water. This allows for the simultaneous prevention of environmental pollution caused by oil leakage and improvement of the reliability of the pump system, thereby providing a drain structure for pump piping. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0017] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the schematic configuration of a drain structure for pump piping according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a drawing illustrating the configuration of a water crab in a drain structure for pump piping according to one embodiment of the present invention. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0018] Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, identical reference numbers or symbols refer to components that perform substantially the same function, and the size of each component in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity and convenience of explanation. However, the technical concept of the present invention and its core components and operations are not limited only to the components or operations described in the following embodiments. In describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of known technologies or components related to the present invention may unnecessarily obscure the essence of the present invention, such detailed description will be omitted.

[0019] In embodiments of the present invention, terms including ordinal numbers, such as first, second, etc., are used solely for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another, and singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, in embodiments of the present invention, terms such as 'composed of,' 'include,' 'have,' etc., should be understood as not precluding the existence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof. Additionally, in embodiments of the present invention, 'module' or 'part' performs at least one function or operation and may be implemented in hardware or software, or as a combination of hardware and software, or may be integrated into at least one module and implemented as at least one processor. Furthermore, in embodiments of the present invention, 'at least one' among a plurality of elements refers not only to all of the plurality of elements but also to each individual element excluding the remainder or all combinations thereof. Additionally, "configured to" may be used interchangeably with, depending on the context, for example, "suitable for," "having the capacity to," "designed to," "adapted to," "made to," or "capable of." "Configured to" does not necessarily mean that it is "specifically designed to" in hardware. Instead, in some situations, the expression "device configured to" may mean that the device is "capable of" doing so in conjunction with other devices or components.For example, the phrase “a processor configured (or set) to perform A, B, and C” may mean a dedicated processor for performing said operations (e.g., an embedded processor), or a generic-purpose processor (e.g., a CPU or an application processor) capable of performing said operations by executing one or more software programs stored in a memory device.

[0020] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. This description is intended to be detailed enough for a person skilled in the art to easily practice the invention, and it should be noted that the technical scope and concept of the present invention are not limited thereby.

[0021] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the schematic configuration of a drain structure for pump piping according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a water crab in a drain structure for pump piping according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a drain structure for pump piping according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a pump, a plurality of drain pipes, and a plurality of water traps connected to each of the plurality of drain pipes.

[0023] A pump according to one embodiment of the present invention is a driving device for transporting fluid through a pipe and may include a driving part such as an impeller, piston, diaphragm, gear, or screw for pressurizing fluid inside, and the driving method of the pump may be one or more of an electric motor, an internal combustion engine, a hydraulic or pneumatic drive.

[0024] The above pump can be configured in a vertical, horizontal, dry, or wet form depending on the installation environment, and the pump's capacity, discharge pressure, rotational speed, fluid temperature, and fluid viscosity are not limited and can be designed to respond to various industrial sites and fluid types. In addition, the pump can be formed in a single-stage or multi-stage structure, and the suction port and discharge port can be configured in various forms such as straight, curved, flanged, screw-connected, or hose-connected, and can be freely changed according to the installation location, application, and physical characteristics of the fluid being transported.

[0025] In the present invention, the pump operates in conjunction with the drain device to transport the mixed fluid through piping during operation and to continuously provide the fluid flow necessary for the operation of the drain device. The pump can be designed to be mechanically coupled with the drain device of the present invention, regardless of operating conditions such as the cessation or restart of fluid supply, fluctuations in flow rate, changes in pressure, or changes in temperature. The configuration of such a pump may be varied within the technical scope of the present invention according to the type of fluid and system design conditions, and the form, specifications, and operating principle of the pump as a fluid supply source for realizing the operation of the drain structure, which is the core of the present invention, are not limited.

[0026] A plurality of drain pipes according to one embodiment of the present invention provide a flow path for transferring fluid flowing in from a pump or piping system to a drain device, and each drain pipe may be installed independently or in parallel. The plurality of drain pipes may be connected to the discharge side of a pump, the bottom of a pipe, or a location where fluid naturally accumulates, and may be configured with a gravity-type, pressure-type, or suction-type piping structure for smooth fluid transfer.

[0027] Multiple drain pipes are not limited in terms of material, diameter, thickness, length, shape, etc., and can be formed from various materials such as metal, plastic, synthetic resin, rubber, heat-resistant or chemical-resistant materials. Additionally, the drain pipes can be configured as straight, curved, flexible, corrugated, or composite structures, and can be formed as open or closed piping as needed.

[0028] Each of the above multiple drain pipes may be equipped with an individual fluid inlet, and the number, size, and installation location of the inlets may be arbitrarily set according to the structure of the pump or piping, the fluid flow path, and the specific gravity and viscosity characteristics of the fluid. The multiple drain pipes may be configured as multiple pipes branching from a single drain pipe or arranged as multiple independent lines, and may be designed to accommodate different types of fluids or fluid mixing ratios.

[0029] The drain pipe described above may be equipped with a check valve, orifice, filter, flow control valve, etc., to prevent fluid backflow, control flow rate, and regulate inflow speed. Additionally, various sensors may be integrated to monitor the temperature, pressure, flow velocity, and flow rate of the fluid within the drain pipe as needed. Multiple drain pipes may be directly connected to a water trap or branched through a single common distribution pipe, and such connection methods can be freely modified within the technical scope of the present invention.

[0030] According to one embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the plurality of water traps receives a mixture introduced through a plurality of drain pipes and is configured to naturally separate the two fluids by utilizing the difference in specific gravity between water and oil within the fluid. The water trap includes an inlet for the mixture, a first zone where oil accumulates, a second zone where water accumulates, a connecting passage connecting the first zone and the second zone, an oil outlet, and a water outlet, and the shape, size, and internal structure of the water trap are not limited.

[0031] The first and second zones of the water trap described above may be separated within the same chamber by partition walls, interfaces, or boundaries naturally formed by differences in fluid specific gravity; the partition walls may be formed as open or semi-open types, and the connecting passages may consist of unidirectional flow paths, penetration holes, or fine gaps. The water trap induces stable fluid phase separation by gravity separation or inflow velocity control, and the relative positions, heights, and diameters of the inlet and outlet may be arbitrarily set considering differences in fluid viscosity, flow rate, and specific gravity.

[0032] The oil outlet of the water trap provides a flow path for discharging oil to the outside when the oil in the first zone accumulates beyond a preset capacity, and the oil outlet may be equipped with a mechanical valve, a buoyancy-type opening / closing device, or a manual opening device. The water outlet is installed at the bottom of the second zone and configured to allow water to be discharged continuously or periodically, and the location and discharge method of the water outlet may be selected from one or more of natural discharge by gravity, suction discharge, or discharge linked to external flow velocity.

[0033] The above water trap can be designed so as not to be affected by changes in internal fluid temperature, inflow pressure, inflow velocity, external vibration, installation angle, etc., and may include a vibration damping device, a temperature compensation structure, and a flow rate stabilization path as needed. Multiple water traps may be arranged with the same structure or different structures, and different water traps may be selectively applied depending on the composition of the inflow fluid, operating conditions, and installation environment. Furthermore, the internal capacity, number of inlets, number of outlets, shape and location of connecting passages, etc., of the water trap can be freely changed within the technical scope of the present invention.

[0034] A water trap according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a first zone in which oil is located at the top and a second zone in which water is located at the bottom. The first zone and the second zone are formed so that two fluids with different specific gravities within the introduced mixture can be naturally separated and independently accumulated. The first zone is configured as a space where oil, which has a relatively lower specific gravitational

[0035] The first and second zones mentioned above do not need to be physically completely isolated structures and may be formed as open, semi-open, or structures with a boundary membrane installed to stably maintain fluid layer separation. The boundary between the two zones may be an interface naturally formed by the difference in specific gravity between the fluids or a physical partition induced by an internal structure, and the partition may include a buffer structure that reduces or stabilizes fluid flow.

[0036] The first zone above provides sufficient upper space to allow oil to accumulate continuously and may include an oil guide wall, an overflow prevention ridge, or a water level control device to prevent oil leakage as needed. The second zone above is connected to a discharge port so that water can be discharged continuously or intermittently to the bottom, and the location, diameter, and discharge flow rate of the discharge port can be varied to enable stable discharge of water.

[0037] The volume ratio of the first and second zones within the water trap, the relative heights of the inlet and outlet, and the flow rate of the mixed liquid can be freely adjusted within the technical scope of the present invention according to the type of fluid, difference in specific gravity, flow rate characteristics, installation environment, etc., and are not limited to a specific structure or shape. The water trap according to the present invention is a device for performing the function of naturally separating fluids based on the difference in specific gravity, and the configuration and detailed arrangement of the first and second zones can be selectively modified and applied by the designer.

[0038] A water trap according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a purification section that separates the first zone and the second zone and includes a connecting passage connecting the first zone and the second zone.

[0039] The above purification unit performs the function of controlling the flow of fluid or reducing the flow rate so that oil and water can be stably separated according to the difference in specific gravity in the mixture, and the shape, size, and internal structure of the above purification unit are not limited.

[0040] The purification unit may include a vertical or inclined partition wall, a curved bulkhead, a buffer plate, or a multiple separation plate structure that simply spatially separates the first zone and the second zone. The partition wall of the purification unit may be designed to buffer the inflow velocity to prevent rapid agitation of the fluid or to stably maintain the layer separation boundary. The material of the purification unit is not limited to metal, plastic, synthetic resin, or chemical-resistant material, and may include a microporous structure, flow-reducing ribs, or a filler as needed.

[0041] The purification unit described above includes a connecting passage connecting the first zone and the second zone. The connecting passage is formed to control the flow of fluid upon the inflow of the mixed liquid, thereby guiding water with a higher specific gravity to the second zone and oil with a lower specific gravity to the first zone. The connecting passage may be formed as a through hole, a U-shaped flow path, a fine slit, a plurality of fine holes, or an orifice structure. The number, size, location, and shape of the connecting passage can be freely adjusted according to the flow rate, viscosity, and difference in specific gravity of the inflow fluid.

[0042] The connecting passage of the purification section may include a multi-stage pressure reduction structure, a flow path expansion section, or an internal vortex suppression structure to prevent sudden changes in fluid flow velocity, and may additionally include a guide wall or a flow path separator plate to guide the fluid flow in a specific direction as needed. The purification section may also be equipped with a filter, an oil barrier, or a particle separation mesh to increase the specific gravity separation efficiency of the fluid, and such configurations are capable of various modifications within the technical scope of the present invention.

[0043] When a mixture of oil and water introduced through a plurality of drain pipes according to one embodiment of the present invention is introduced into the water trap, the water trap is configured such that the oil is separated into the first zone and the water into the second zone according to the difference in specific gravity between the oil and water in the mixture, and includes a discharge port so that the excess oil is collected to the outside when the amount of oil accumulated in the first zone exceeds a preset capacity.

[0044] When the above mixture is introduced into the water trap, the oil with low specific gravity rises to the top due to gravity and accumulates in the first zone, while the water with high specific gravity descends to the bottom due to gravity and accumulates in the second zone.

[0045] The above water trap is formed such that the shape of the fluid inlet path, internal flow path, connecting passage, and discharge structure allows for stable phase separation of oil and water based on the difference in specific gravity of the fluid, and the inlet flow velocity, flow rate, and relative positions of the inlet and outlet can be freely set according to the viscosity and flow characteristics of the fluid. The internal structure of the water trap may include various buffer structures, separation plates, and flow path control parts to suppress rapid agitation or the generation of vortices in the fluid, thereby stably maintaining the separation process based on the difference in specific gravity.

[0046] The first zone of the water trap is provided with a space for oil to be continuously accumulated, and includes a discharge port for collecting the excess oil to the outside when the amount of accumulated oil exceeds a preset capacity. The discharge port may be equipped with a mechanical buoyancy valve, a flow-interlocking opening / closing device, or a manual opening port so as to automatically open when the oil level rises above a reference level. The opening conditions, opening method, discharge speed, and discharge path of the discharge port can be arbitrarily changed according to the oil collection efficiency and the working environment.

[0047] The discharge port of the above water trap operates selectively depending on the oil accumulation state. If the oil is below a set reference capacity, the discharge port is closed to prevent the oil from leaking out, and if it exceeds the reference capacity, it is designed to discharge only the excess oil. The amount of accumulated oil can be checked through a float, a water level pipe, a transparent observation window, or a mechanical water level indicator, and the collected oil can be transferred to an external storage tank, a recovery device, or a discharge pipe. The fluid separation and discharge operation of the water trap according to one embodiment of the present invention can be applied in various forms depending on the physical characteristics of the incoming fluid and on-site installation conditions, and does not limit specific shapes or component configurations.

[0048] A drain device according to one embodiment of the present invention is provided with a specific gravity separation structure in each of the plurality of water traps to separate a mixture using the difference in specific gravity between oil and water, and the specific gravity separation structure is formed such that when a mixture is introduced, the oil rises to a first zone, which is the upper part of the water trap, and the water remains in a second zone, which is the lower part, as the specific gravity of the oil is lower than that of water.

[0049] The above-described specific gravity separation structure is configured to include an inflow path, an inflow shock buffer, a flow velocity reduction section, and a stagnation zone placed inside the water trap, so that the fluid does not flow rapidly and the inflowed mixed liquid can remain sufficiently inside the water trap.

[0050] The inlet flow path of the above-described specific gravity separation structure may be formed as a downwardly bent tubular structure or a vertically extended pipe structure so that when the mixed liquid enters the water trap, the mixed liquid does not directly disturb the fluid in the first or second zone, and the inlet mixed liquid falls to the bottom of the water trap and comes into contact with the inlet shock buffer. The inlet shock buffer may include an inclined plate, a honeycomb structure, or a mesh guide plate disposed inside, and is formed so that the flow velocity decreases rapidly and the vortex generated in the fluid is suppressed as the mixed liquid strikes the buffer.

[0051] When the mixed liquid passes through the inflow shock buffer, it moves to the stagnation zone via the flow velocity reduction section. The flow velocity reduction section may include a multi-stage horizontal plate or a porous grid plate, and is designed so that the flow velocity is sufficiently reduced as the fluid passes through the multi-stage. When the fluid reaches the stagnation zone, due to the difference in specific gravity, the oil naturally rises to the top and moves to the first zone, while the water, having a relatively higher specific gravity, remains in the second zone, which is the lower part of the water trap.

[0052] In the above-described specific gravity separation structure, the movement of oil rising to the first zone is based on the fundamental physical principle that the specific gravity of the oil in the mixture is lower than that of water, causing it to move upward due to gravity. In one embodiment of the present invention, the arrangement and shape of the flow path are configured so that the oil sequentially passes through an inflow shock buffer and a flow velocity reduction section within the water trap, and then collects in the first zone having a sufficiently large surface area at the top. The water remains stably in the lower part of the water trap after passing through the flow velocity reduction section and is designed to be continuously discharged through a separate outlet when necessary.

[0053] The above-described specific gravity separation structure can be designed by appropriately adjusting the length of the internal flow path, the diameter of the inlet pipe, the area of ​​the buffer section, and the spacing of the flow velocity reduction section so that the fluid is not stirred or vortexed according to variables such as the inflow velocity, flow rate, inflow angle, and fluid viscosity of the mixed liquid, and can be fluid dynamically implemented so that stable separation of oil and water can be achieved solely by the difference in specific gravity of the fluid when the mixed liquid is introduced. The specific gravity separation structure of the present invention can be realized so that fluid separation operation is performed solely by the physical configuration of the flow path without separate sensors, power, or electronic control, and can be easily applied by a person of ordinary skill in the art by considering the pipe diameter, flow rate, viscosity, etc., based on design data.

[0054] Whether the amount of oil accumulated in a first zone according to one embodiment of the present invention exceeds the oil collection standard capacity is identified as the case where the oil level in the first zone exceeds the standard level through an oil level detection water level pipe installed in the first zone.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present invention, whether the amount of oil accumulated in the first zone exceeds the oil collection standard capacity is configured to be determined by measuring the oil level through an oil level detection water level pipe installed in the first zone.

[0056] The oil level sensing pipe described above may be formed as a vertical pipe or a translucent pipe made of a transparent material, and the lower end of the pipe is open to communicate with the first zone of the water trap, thereby connecting the oil within the first zone to naturally flow into the pipe. The pipe is basically installed to maintain a level equal to the oil level within the first zone according to the principle of liquid static pressure equilibrium, and a transparent window, scale markings, or a color float may be attached so that the oil level can be easily checked visually from the outside of the pipe.

[0057] The above-mentioned water level pipe is clearly marked with a reference water level, and the reference water level is set by considering the inflow rate of the mixed liquid, the oil separation speed, and the volume of the first zone when designing the drain device. The reference water level is set as the maximum allowable height at which oil can be safely accumulated within the first zone, and the system is designed so that a discharge operation is linked to collect the oil externally if the reference water level is exceeded. The reference water level may be marked directly on the water level pipe with a scale during manufacturing, or an accurate reference point may be established through a water level adjustment operation after on-site installation.

[0058] The actual oil level within the level pipe can be visually checked by on-site workers at any time, and if necessary, a mechanical float, color indicator, or manual limit gauge can be attached to the top or side of the level pipe to clearly determine whether the level is rising. Additionally, by attaching colored tape or a reference line sticker to the outer wall of the level pipe, visual guidance can be provided so that anyone can easily recognize whether the standard oil collection capacity has been exceeded.

[0059] The identification of the water level through the above-described water level pipe is configured to reliably reflect the oil level based on the principle of simple static pressure equilibrium, without being affected by external environmental factors such as fluid viscosity, flow velocity, inflow shock, or temperature, and can be implemented mechanically without the need for complex sensors or electronic control. The water level pipe according to one embodiment of the present invention can be used for a long period without separate maintenance, and a person of ordinary skill can easily design and manufacture the pipe diameter, height, transparency, etc., by considering material specifications and fluid characteristics.

[0060] In a drain device according to one embodiment of the present invention, the water trap is configured such that when the reference water level is exceeded, a mechanical valve linked to the water level pipe opens to discharge the excess oil into a collection tank, and at the same time, the water accumulated in the second zone is continuously discharged to the outside through the water outlet of the water trap, wherein the water outlet is installed at the bottom of the water trap and the water is automatically discharged by gravity when the water rises above the installation height of the water outlet.

[0061] In a drain device according to one embodiment of the present invention, the water trap is configured such that when the oil level in a first zone exceeds a reference level through a water level pipe, a valve mechanically connected to the water level pipe is automatically opened. The mechanical valve may be formed as a buoyancy-type float valve or a lever-type valve with a link structure. When the oil level in the water level pipe rises, a buoyancy body disposed inside the water level pipe rises, and as the buoyancy body rises, a connected lever or rod rotates in a horizontal or inclined direction, pushing the valve opening / closing shaft to operate to open the valve.

[0062] The above valve is normally kept closed by a spring, and the mechanical resistance value is adjusted so that the valve opens by overcoming the spring pressure only when the buoyancy body in the water level pipe exceeds the reference water level, and the volume and density of the buoyancy body can be selected during the design according to the specific gravity, flow rate, and viscosity of the oil. When the valve is opened, the oil in the first zone is naturally discharged by gravity to an external collection tank through the oil outlet, and the oil discharge flow rate is determined by the physical flow set by the pipe diameter, outlet height, and oil viscosity.

[0063] Simultaneously, the water accumulated in the second zone of the water trap is configured to be continuously discharged to the outside through a separate water outlet, which is installed on the lower wall of the water trap, and the installation height of the water outlet is set considering the minimum water level maintained within the second zone. The water outlet is formed with a structure that is always open without a separate shut-off valve, and is configured on the principle that if the water in the second zone fills up to the installation height of the outlet, the water is automatically discharged by gravity.

[0064] The above-mentioned water outlet is designed considering friction losses within the piping, the angle of inclination of the discharge pipe, and the length of the discharge pipe to ensure continuous water discharge at a constant flow rate. If necessary, a backflow prevention check valve may be installed at the outlet to prevent fluid stagnation or backflow. Water discharged through the outlet can be guided to a wastewater treatment system, sump, or external outlet via a separate discharge pipe, and the diameter of the discharge pipe can be set with sufficient margin considering the inflow rate at the site.

[0065] The operation of the mechanical valve and water outlet according to one embodiment of the present invention is configured to operate solely through the interlocking of purely mechanical parts and the principle of gravity discharge, without complex sensors, electronic control, or external power, and can be easily designed and manufactured by a person of ordinary skill through hydrodynamic criteria, buoyancy calculations, lever mechanism design, and valve spring strength calculation. The above configuration allows for various modifications and applications considering the fluid handling capacity of the drain device, field installation conditions, and ease of maintenance.

[0066] A drain device according to one embodiment of the present invention has an expansion ring made of a shape memory alloy attached to a part of the outer wall of a water trap, and the expansion ring is installed to be in close contact with the outer wall of the water trap. When the temperature of the environment in which the water trap is installed exceeds a preset temperature reference value, the expansion ring is thermally expanded to expand the outer wall of the water trap outward, thereby operating to physically reduce the flow rate of the mixed liquid flowing into the water trap.

[0067] A drain device according to one embodiment of the present invention has an expansion ring composed of a shape memory alloy attached to a portion of the outer wall of a water trap, wherein the expansion ring is formed in a substantially circular or elliptical closed-loop structure and is mounted so as to be in close contact along the outer wall of the water trap. The expansion ring is designed to expand or contract in diameter according to temperature changes by utilizing the thermal sensitivity properties of the shape memory alloy, and the shape memory alloy may be selected from at least one of, for example, a nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) alloy, a copper-zinc-aluminum alloy, or a copper-aluminum-nickel alloy.

[0068] When the ambient temperature at the site where the water trap is installed or the temperature of the incoming mixture exceeds a preset temperature threshold, the expansion ring is induced to undergo thermal expansion according to pre-trained shape restoration temperature characteristics. The diameter of the expanded expansion ring is precisely adjusted through metal forming and heat treatment processes to expand by several millimeters. Due to the thermal expansion of the expansion ring, the outer wall of the water trap is locally pushed outward, and consequently, the inflow channel inside the water trap is partially narrowed, thereby reducing the cross-sectional area through which the mixture flows.

[0069] As the cross-sectional area of ​​the inflow of the mixture decreases, the inflow velocity of the mixture is physically reduced according to Bernoulli's principle; this reduction in flow velocity induces an effect that increases the residence time, allowing the mixture to be stably separated within the water trap based on the difference in specific gravity. The expansion ring is designed to return to its original diameter of the shape memory alloy upon a drop in temperature, so that the expansion of the outer wall is released and the cross-sectional area of ​​the mixture inflow channel expands again, thereby automatically restoring the normal inflow velocity.

[0070] The above-mentioned expansion ring may be attached using one or more of bolt fastening, clamp fixing, adhesive attachment, or external guide groove insertion methods, and an anti-slip pad, silicone rubber cushioning material, or friction-enhancing treatment layer may be inserted between the expansion ring and the outer wall of the water trap. The thermal sensitivity temperature of the expansion ring is set by considering the average temperature of the incoming mixture, the ambient temperature around the facility, and seasonal temperature fluctuations during field design, and can be adjusted, for example, to start at 50°C and fully expand at 70°C.

[0071] An expansion ring according to one embodiment of the present invention is designed with a structure in which mechanical deformation occurs simply according to changes in ambient temperature without an external power source, sensor, or electronic control, and the repetitive expansion and contraction characteristics of the shape memory alloy ensure sufficient durability lifespan based on data provided by the manufacturer. A person skilled in the art can selectively design and apply the dimensions, material, and attachment location of the expansion ring by considering the external dimensions of the water trap, the inflow rate, the flow velocity of the mixed liquid, and the expected temperature range, and this configuration can be easily modified according to various water trap shapes and piping conditions.

[0072] In a drain device according to one embodiment of the present invention, a reduction in flow rate produces the effect of increasing the separation time due to the difference in specific gravity between oil and water in the water trap, and when the expansion ring contracts due to a decrease in temperature, the outer wall of the water trap is restored to its original state so that the flow rate of the mixed liquid inflow increases again, thereby mechanically performing flow rate correction in response to temperature changes in the installation environment.

[0073] In a drain device according to one embodiment of the present invention, when the cross-sectional area of ​​the inflow channel of the mixed liquid within the water trap is reduced due to the expansion of the expansion ring, the flow rate through which the mixed liquid can pass during the same period is physically limited, thereby reducing the inflow velocity of the mixed liquid. As the inflow velocity of the mixed liquid decreases, the residence time of the mixed liquid within the water trap relatively increases, and this increase in residence time provides sufficient time for the two fluids to stably separate into layers due to the difference in specific gravity between oil and water. This increase in separation time ensures that the oil physically rises to the top and stably accumulates in the first zone, while the water is induced to remain in the lower second zone.

[0074] The effect of the above-mentioned flow rate reduction effectively prevents internal vortices, fluid agitation, and layer mixing phenomena that may occur upon the inflow of the mixed liquid, and minimizes separation failures caused by rapid fluid flow. The residence time can be calculated based on the mixed liquid inflow rate, inflow cross-sectional area, effective volume within the water trap, and inflow amount. The reduction in the mixed liquid inflow rate increases the probability of successful fluid separation, and the above-mentioned structure enables the separation efficiency to be stably maintained solely through mechanical action based on physical structure and temperature, without the need for sensors or external control.

[0075] When the ambient temperature or the temperature of the mixture decreases, the expansion ring contracts to its original diameter of the shape memory alloy, and the force pushing against the outer wall during expansion is released, causing the outer wall of the water trap to return to its original state by self-restoring elasticity or an attached restoration support. As the outer wall returns, the cross-sectional area of ​​the mixture inflow channel recovers to its original channel size, and the flow rate of the mixture increases to its original state. This temperature-linked flow rate control operation effectively operates to physically and automatically adjust the flow rate of the mixture according to changes in the field temperature, and is designed with a mechanical compensation structure in which the flow rate decreases when the temperature rises and increases when the temperature falls.

[0076] The above flow velocity correction operation is configured so that the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet channel changes precisely in millimeters according to the expansion and contraction distance of the expansion ring, and the amount of change in the inlet flow velocity of the mixed liquid can be easily calculated by a person of ordinary skill based on the Bernoulli equation and the flow rate-velocity correlation equation, using the contraction ratio of the inlet channel, inlet pressure, and inlet volume. The above structure can be implemented to mechanically correct the flow velocity autonomously in response to temperature changes by utilizing the thermal expansion characteristics of the shape memory alloy without an external power source, controller, or sensor, and the expansion temperature reference value and expansion rate can be freely adjusted during the design by considering the average temperature of the installation environment, seasonal temperature changes, and the temperature range of the mixed liquid.

[0077] A drain device according to one embodiment of the present invention is installed so as to be linked with a vibration detection lever attached to a building structure at the installation location at the bottom of the water trap, and the vibration detection lever continuously and mechanically tracks vibration period data of the building where the drain device is installed, and when the vibration detection lever detects that the vibration period of the building changes to a high-frequency vibration of 0.2 seconds or less, the vibration period is identified as a dangerous condition that causes high-speed fluid movement and oil separation failure.

[0078] A drain device according to one embodiment of the present invention is installed such that a vibration sensing lever is linked to the lower part of a water trap, and the vibration sensing lever is fixed by being mechanically and directly attached to the surface of a structure, such as a floor, column, wall, or fixed frame, of a building where the drain device is installed. One end of the vibration sensing lever is fixedly coupled to the building structure, and the other end is mechanically connected to a linkage shaft or linkage plate installed at the lower part of the water trap of the drain device, and is formed in a structure that receives the vibration of the building in real time through the rotation or vibration of the lever when vibration occurs.

[0079] The vibration sensing lever described above may be manufactured from a lightweight metal material, such as aluminum alloy, stainless steel, or high-elasticity spring steel, to mechanically track a continuous vibration cycle. The length, thickness, and elastic modulus of the lever are designed considering the general vibration transmission characteristics of the building structure, the vibration intensity at the installation point, and the resonance frequency of the lever itself. The vibration sensing lever is configured so that the speed and amplitude of the vibration at the lever end respond immediately to changes in vibration frequency, and the vibrational movement of the lever end is continuously transmitted to the interlocking mechanism within the drain device.

[0080] The vibration sensing lever described above mechanically tracks the vibration period data of the building. When building vibration occurs, the minute vibrations of the structure are transmitted directly through the lever, and the rotating support plate or tracking plate linked to the end of the lever is configured to rotate or vibrate finely in accordance with the vibration period. The lever does not include an electronic vibration sensor and is a purely mechanical structure that simply follows the building vibration mechanically and physically; as such, it does not require a separate power source from outside the drain device and can continuously track the vibration period in real time through the mechanical displacement of the lever.

[0081] The vibration period data continuously tracked by the above vibration sensing lever is measured as the vibration repetition time of the lever, and the measurement of the vibration period is derived based on the time interval in which the vibration displacement of the lever periodically forms a maximum point and a minimum point. For example, if one end of the lever reciprocates continuously at an interval of less than 0.2 seconds from a specific reference point, the vibration period tracked by the lever is calculated to be 0.2 seconds or less. If the above vibration sensing lever mechanically and continuously detects a state in which the vibration period of the building is maintained at 0.2 seconds or less, the vibration period is identified as a condition in which the inflow velocity of the mixed liquid increases at a high speed, or excessive stirring and vortices occur within the fluid, resulting in a high risk of failure in specific gravity separation of oil and water.

[0082] The above 0.2-second standard can be set by a skilled technician who has sufficiently acquired actual field measurement data based on general vibration data of the actual site building, structural vibration transmitted during equipment operation, and mechanical vibration of surrounding equipment during the process of measuring the vibration period of the lever; if necessary, a critical period of 0.2 seconds or less can be appropriately adjusted according to the type of building structure, the installation method of the drain device, and the inflow characteristics of the mixed liquid. The above vibration sensing lever can be manufactured with a simple mechanical link structure, and the length, mass, fixed position, and interlocking shaft structure of the lever can be easily designed and applied by a skilled technician by considering the connection structure between the site structure and the drain device.

[0083] In a drain device according to one embodiment of the present invention, when the vibration sensing lever detects the corresponding vibration cycle, the physical blocking plate of the water trap inlet linked to the vibration lever rotates to reduce the flow rate of the mixed liquid.

[0084] In a drain device according to one embodiment of the present invention, when a vibration detection lever detects that the vibration period of the building is 0.2 seconds or less, the vibration detection lever continuously vibrates a physical blocking plate of a water trap inlet mechanically coupled to the end of the lever, and is configured such that the rotation or vibration movement of the vibration detection lever directly acts on the blocking plate. The blocking plate may be formed as a rotary flap attached to the inlet, a sliding variable valve, or an inlet cross-sectional area adjustment slit, and is arranged so that the movement of the vibration detection lever is mechanically directly connected to and interlocked with the rotation axis or sliding guide of the blocking plate.

[0085] The above-mentioned blocking plate normally maintains a fully open state when a mixed liquid flows in, and when a vibration sensing lever detects a specific vibration cycle and the lever vibrates, the vibration movement of the lever is immediately transmitted to the pivot axis or sliding part of the blocking plate, causing the blocking plate to rotate or move in a direction that partially closes the inlet. The pivot angle or sliding distance of the blocking plate is designed to be linked to the vibration amplitude of the lever, and the closing ratio of the blocking plate increases as the vibration cycle becomes shorter, and if the vibration cycle becomes longer again, the blocking plate is configured to automatically return to its original open state by a return spring or the restoring force of the lever.

[0086] When the above-mentioned blocking plate partially blocks the inlet, the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet of the mixed liquid is reduced, and the inlet flow velocity is hydrodynamically reduced. This reduction in flow velocity increases the residence time within the water trap, thereby providing the effect of lowering the possibility of failure in separating the specific gravity of oil and water. The rotational speed, restoring elasticity, and maximum closing angle of the blocking plate can be easily calculated and applied by a person of ordinary skill in accordance with fluid design standards, taking into account the mechanical properties of the vibration sensing lever, the diameter of the inlet, the inlet pressure of the mixed liquid, and the inflow volume.

[0087] The interlocking of the vibration sensing lever and the blocking plate described above can be simply implemented without electronic control through mechanical links, direct levers, or cam devices, and the link rod length, coupling position, and pivot axis height can be appropriately adjusted to match the inlet structure according to field conditions. The blocking plate may be formed from a metal, plastic, or synthetic resin with excellent corrosion resistance, and a bearing or low-friction bushing may be additionally provided in the pivoting part of the blocking plate to prevent wear caused by repeated vibration of the vibration sensing lever.

[0088] The structure according to one embodiment of the present invention is designed to automatically attenuate the flow rate of the mixed liquid into the water trap inlet of a drain device in real time, physically and mechanically, according to vibration conditions. Since it requires no external power source or electronic sensor, it is configured so that even a non-expert can easily implement it by simply designing the inlet, assembling the lever, and attaching the blocking plate. The blocking plate is a practical mechanical automatic flow rate control device designed to immediately attenuate the flow rate to effectively prevent oil separation failure during high-speed vibration, and to automatically return to the original flow rate once the vibration is relieved.

[0089] A drain device according to one embodiment of the present invention is equipped with an ultrasonic oscillation device in a first zone of the water trap, and when the oil level in the first zone exceeds a reference level, the ultrasonic oscillation device induces micro-vibrations by irradiating ultrasonic waves onto the oil surface.

[0090] A drain device according to one embodiment of the present invention is equipped with an ultrasonic oscillation device in a first zone of a water trap, and the ultrasonic oscillation device is designed to operate only when the oil level in the first zone exceeds a reference level. The ultrasonic oscillation device includes an oscillator body attached to the upper part of the outer wall of the water trap, an acoustic irradiation unit including an ultrasonic vibrator, and an acoustic transmission path formed so that ultrasonic waves can be directly transmitted to the oil surface of the first zone.

[0091] The above ultrasonic oscillator is configured to be linked with a mechanical water level pipe or a buoyancy switch for detecting a reference water level, and when the oil level in the water level pipe exceeds the reference water level line, the mechanical buoyancy switch installed in the water level pipe operates to transmit an electrical signal to the ultrasonic oscillator, thereby immediately switching the ultrasonic oscillator to an operating state. The above ultrasonic oscillator may be designed to generate low-frequency ultrasonic waves in the range of approximately 20 kHz to 40 kHz, and the ultrasonic frequency is pre-selected considering the viscosity of the oil, surface tension, and the size of foreign substances contained in the oil.

[0092] When the above-mentioned ultrasonic oscillation device is operated, the ultrasonic transducer continuously emits acoustic energy of a certain frequency, and the ultrasound reaches the oil surface directly through an acoustic transmission path. When the ultrasound is irradiated onto the oil surface, the oil surface vibrates finely due to the ultrasonic energy, causing the oil surface to be continuously disturbed horizontally. Due to these fine vibrations, fine particles, moisture, impurities, etc., floating on the oil surface are induced to fall from the oil surface and move to the second zone along with the water below.

[0093] The above-described ultrasonic oscillator can adjust the irradiation time, output intensity, and frequency range using a mechanical timer or a simple analog controller, and is designed to stop operation immediately if the oil level returns below a reference level. The output of the ultrasonic oscillator can be easily pre-calculated and set by a skilled technician based on the viscosity of the oil in the mixture, oil surface tension, and the size and specific gravity of expected foreign substances, and can be operated under appropriate output conditions to limit the rise in oil temperature caused by ultrasonic irradiation.

[0094] The above-described ultrasonic oscillator can be operated solely by interlocking with a mechanical switch when the reference water level is exceeded, without the need for a complex electronic control device, and can be manufactured as an integrated or detachable type so as to be simply mounted on the outside of the drain device. The structure according to one embodiment of the present invention can be easily applied on-site by even non-experts through mechanical switch wiring of the water level pipe, simple installation of the ultrasonic oscillator, and power supply, and can mechanically realize the effect of stably removing suspended foreign substances in the oil by inducing micro-vibrations on the oil surface.

[0095] In an ultrasonic oscillation device according to one embodiment of the present invention, the frequency of the ultrasonic waves is set to a preset first frequency that attenuates the surface tension present at the interface between oil and water. When the oil surface is slightly disturbed by the ultrasonic waves, foreign substances with a high specific gravity floating on the oil surface descend and move downward along with the water. The ultrasonic oscillation device operates to open a mechanical induction valve linked to the water level pipe after the oil surface is flattened. The induction valve is linked so that it can be opened only after the ultrasonic waves are activated, thereby controlling the oil to be collected after the foreign substances in the oil have been removed.

[0096] In an ultrasonic oscillation device according to one embodiment of the present invention, the frequency of the ultrasound is set to a first frequency that is pre-set to physically attenuate the surface tension existing at the interface between oil and water, and the first frequency is set by considering the viscosity of the oil, the surface tension coefficient, the temperature, and the difference in the specific gravity of the included material through prior experiments. The ultrasonic frequency can generally be selected in the range of 20 kHz to 40 kHz, and in one embodiment of the present invention, about 25 kHz can be applied as the frequency that can most effectively disturb the surface tension of the oil.

[0097] The above-described ultrasonic oscillation device continuously irradiates the oil surface with ultrasound, causing the oil surface to vibrate slightly due to the acoustic pressure of the ultrasound, and the surface tension of the interface is substantially reduced due to the continuous disturbance of the oil surface. When the oil surface is disturbed, foreign substances with high specific gravity that were floating on the surface detach from the state maintained by the oil's viscosity and surface tension, descend by gravity, and naturally move to a second zone along with the water below. The foreign substances may include metal particles, fine sludge, fine contaminants, etc., and are considered during design as solids with a specific gravity significantly higher than that of the oil.

[0098] The ultrasonic oscillator operates continuously during the time the oil surface is disturbed, and when the physical vibration of the oil surface gradually decreases and the oil surface becomes flat and it is determined that the descent of foreign matter is complete, the ultrasonic oscillator operates to open a mechanical induction valve linked to the water level pipe. The induction valve is configured with a mechanical lever or a relay switch to be linked to the operating state of the ultrasonic oscillator, and is designed so that the valve opening lever can be operated only when power is applied to the ultrasonic oscillator.

[0099] The above-mentioned induction valve is formed with a double interlocking structure such that it remains closed under normal conditions, and the valve operating mechanism is physically blocked before ultrasonic operation so that the valve can be opened only when the oil surface is flattened after the ultrasonic oscillator is operated. The induction valve may be composed of a mechanical spring return device or a buoyancy interlocking valve, and includes a mechanical shut-off stopper or a cam interlocking mechanism so that the valve opening signal is valid only when the oil level exceeds a reference level.

[0100] Oil collection through the above-mentioned induction valve is designed to occur only after ultrasonic irradiation is completed and foreign substances within the oil have been sufficiently removed, thereby preventing the collection of contaminated oil and minimizing the degradation of oil quality within the mixture. The operating cycle of the ultrasonic oscillator, the ultrasonic irradiation time, and the opening time of the induction valve can be set by a skilled technician based on experimental data, taking into account the oil viscosity, the concentration of contained foreign substances, the inflow rate, and the surface tension of the oil.

[0101] The ultrasonic oscillation device and induction valve interlocking structure according to one embodiment of the present invention can be implemented through simple mechanical switches and electric drive circuits without complex electronic control, and a person of ordinary skill can easily apply the device configuration based on the characteristics of the oil entering the site and the required separation conditions. The structure is configured to realize stable and precise oil collection operation by continuously performing micro-vibration induction of the oil surface, reliable removal of foreign substances, and interlocking opening of the induction valve.

[0102] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the drain device is provided with a magnetic field-responsive barrier installed at the boundary between the first and second zones of the water trap, wherein the magnetic field-responsive barrier is composed of an elastic film containing magnetic particles, and the elastic film undergoes tension and contraction in accordance with the rotation of a permanent magnet disposed outside the drain device, wherein the permanent magnet is driven by a rotary mechanical rotor installed on the outside of the drain device, and the rotor is configured to rotate continuously in proportion to the water discharge velocity at the bottom of the water trap.

[0103] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the drain device is configured such that a magnetic field-responsive barrier is installed at the boundary between a first zone and a second zone of a water trap, and the magnetic field-responsive barrier is configured to operate to physically block or open the interface between fluids. The magnetic field-responsive barrier is formed of an elastic film in which magnetic particles are uniformly distributed, and the elastic film is generally made of synthetic rubber, silicone, or polyurethane material, and fine magnetic particles are mixed and inserted inside so that the film can easily stretch or contract according to a magnetic field.

[0104] The elastic film is fixedly installed in a circular or elliptical shape at the boundary between the first and second zones, and under normal conditions, the film maintains tension to block the oil in the first zone from naturally descending into the second zone. The elastic film is configured to be physically stretched or contracted according to the rotation of a permanent magnet positioned outside the drain device, and the permanent magnet is directly connected to a mechanical rotor rotatably attached to the outer wall of the drain device.

[0105] The rotor described above includes a flow-linked impeller or a gear rotor installed in the water discharge pipe at the bottom of the water trap, wherein the flow-linked impeller is configured to rotate directly in proportion to the flow velocity of the water discharged through the water discharge port. When water flows through the discharge port, the impeller rotates continuously according to the water flow velocity, and the rotation shaft of the impeller is mechanically coupled to a drive shaft extending outward from the drain device.

[0106] The above drive shaft rotates and continuously rotates an externally mounted permanent magnet at a constant speed, and the rotating permanent magnet acts on the magnetic field-responsive barrier as the period of the magnetic field continuously changes. As the direction and strength of the magnetic field change periodically while the permanent magnet rotates, the elastic film containing magnetic particles periodically expands or contracts according to the tensile force of the magnetic field; as the water flow rate increases, the impeller rotation speed rises, causing the rotation speed of the permanent magnet to increase along with it, and consequently, greater tensile deformation occurs in the elastic film.

[0107] The tension and contraction of the elastic film are continuously controlled in real time according to the water flow rate. When the elastic film is tensioned, the open area between the first and second zones decreases, temporarily narrowing the oil's downward passage; when the elastic film contracts, the open area returns to its original state, securing a path for the oil to descend into the second zone. The physical operation of this elastic film is substantially realized solely by the rotation of a mechanical flow-linked impeller, a drive shaft, and a permanent magnet, without the need for external power or electronic control. The tension length, thickness, and concentration of magnetic particles of the elastic film can be easily designed by a person of ordinary skill through hydrodynamic calculations and magnetic field analysis based on the discharge flow rate, impeller rotation speed, and magnetic flux density of the magnet.

[0108] The structure according to one embodiment of the present invention is designed so that the magnetic field-responsive barrier mechanically responds in real time to changes in the water discharge flow rate in the field installation environment, thereby stably controlling the downward path of oil and effectively blocking the inflow of oil during high-speed water discharge. The magnetic field interlocking structure can be assembled using only mechanical parts, and a person of ordinary skill can easily implement it by adjusting the specifications of the elastic film and the arrangement of the permanent magnets based on the field flow rate, discharge pipe diameter, and rotary impeller specifications.

[0109] According to one embodiment of the present invention, when the water discharge flow rate exceeds a reference flow rate, the permanent magnet rotates at a high speed by increasing the rotational speed of the rotor, and the magnetic field-responsive barrier temporarily contracts to narrow the interface between oil and water, thereby mechanically blocking the lower inflow of oil; and when the water discharge flow rate decreases, the speed of the rotor is decelerated, and the magnetic field-responsive barrier self-restores and expands to its original state, thereby resuming the separation of oil and water by specific gravity.

[0110] In one embodiment of the present invention, when the water discharge velocity exceeds a reference velocity, the flow-linked impeller installed at the lower discharge port of the water trap increases its rotational speed proportionally with the increase in water velocity, and the external rotor directly connected to the rotation axis of the impeller rotates at high speed together with the increase in flow rate. The rotor rotates an externally mounted permanent magnet together, and the rotational frequency of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet increases in real time as the rotational speed increases. When the permanent magnet rotates at high speed, the magnetic field changes rapidly over time, and the periodic fluctuations in strength and weakness of the magnetic field are continuously transmitted to the magnetic field-responsive barrier.

[0111] The above magnetic field-responsive barrier is formed of an elastic film containing magnetic particles, and the magnetic particles within the elastic film are subjected to periodic attractive forces in the tensile direction by a high-speed rotating magnetic field. This attractive force is determined in real time according to magnetic flux density and rotational speed, and upon high-speed rotation, tensile deformation of the film occurs, causing the elastic film to be physically deformed in the contraction direction. The contraction of the elastic film has the effect of substantially narrowing the boundary surface between the first zone and the second zone, and the open cross-sectional area through which oil can descend into the second zone is physically reduced.

[0112] The reduction in cross-sectional area of ​​the above barrier operates to mechanically prevent the phenomenon where oil falls excessively along with water, causing oil separation failure. When the water discharge flow rate is reduced to below a certain standard, the impeller rotation speed naturally decreases, and the rotation speed of the permanent magnet is also reduced, slowing down the change in the magnetic field period. When the magnetic field rotation period slows down, the magnetic particles within the elastic film no longer receive significant tensile attraction, and the film self-restores to its original expanded state by the self-restoring force of the elastic film or a built-in restoration spring.

[0113] The above self-restoring process is realized solely through the physical elastic restoring force of the elastic film and the reduction of the magnetic field period, without external power or electronic control. When the elastic film returns to its expanded original state, the boundary between the first and second zones is sufficiently secured again, allowing the oil to descend stably and resuming the separation of oil and water based on specific gravity. The restoration speed, restoring force, and tensile tolerance limits of the elastic film can be sufficiently designed by a person of ordinary skill through hydrodynamic and magnetic field analysis based on the film thickness, magnetic particle concentration, magnetic flux density of the permanent magnet, and maximum impeller rotation speed, and can be easily applied to suit field flow conditions.

[0114] The magnetic field-interlocking elastic film structure according to one embodiment of the present invention is a repetitive and autonomous mechanical interlocking system designed to mechanically and flexibly respond in real-time according to the inflow velocity whenever the water discharge velocity exceeds a certain standard, effectively block excessive oil inflow during high-speed water discharge, and automatically restore the oil separation path when the water flow velocity returns to normal. This structure allows even non-experts to simply assemble and implement the rotor speed, magnet arrangement, and elastic film specifications according to field conditions, based on the flow rate of the water outlet, the diameter of the discharge pipe, and the impeller specifications.

[0115] A drain device according to one embodiment of the present invention is additionally installed at the lower part of the second zone of the water trap, wherein an emergency drain suction pipe linked to a flow rate-based Venturi suction path is installed, and the emergency drain suction pipe is configured to operate only when the water discharge flow rate of the water trap decreases rapidly below a reference flow rate, and the emergency drain suction pipe is connected to a Venturi suction path provided in the downstream pipe of the water discharge port of the water trap, and the Venturi suction path is designed so that no suction effect occurs when the water in the pipe flows at a normal flow rate, and when the flow rate of the water in the pipe decreases below a preset reference flow rate, the local pressure of the fluid in the Venturi path becomes lower than atmospheric pressure, thereby generating negative pressure, and the negative pressure induces the residual water in the lower part of the second zone of the water trap to be forcibly sucked in and discharged to the outside through the emergency drain suction pipe, and the Venturi path is configured such that when the water in the pipe recovers to a flow rate above the normal flow rate, the fluid dynamic pressure forms a pressure gradient that neutralizes the Venturi path, thereby stopping the suction, and by this configuration, the drain The device is characterized by automatically and completely discharging residual water using physical Venturi negative pressure without separate power or power supply when abnormal residual water occurs due to a decrease in flow rate, and mechanically repeating operation so that emergency suction is stopped when the flow rate is restored and the Venturi negative pressure disappears.

[0116] A drain device according to one embodiment of the present invention includes an additional emergency drain suction pipe installed at the bottom of the second zone of a water trap, and the emergency drain suction pipe is designed to be coupled with a flow rate-based Venturi suction path. The emergency drain suction pipe is fixedly installed to be in contact with the bottom surface of the second zone of the water trap and is provided as a separate path for directly sucking in water that may remain stagnant and unable to be discharged through the general discharge path within the second zone, and forcibly discharging it to the outside.

[0117] The above emergency drain suction pipe is mechanically connected to a Venturi suction channel formed in the downstream piping extending from the water outlet of the water trap, and the Venturi suction channel is manufactured to increase fluid velocity by forming a portion of the downstream piping with a narrowing cross-section. The suction port of the Venturi channel is directly connected to the emergency drain suction pipe, and when the flow velocity of the Venturi channel is normal, the relative pressure loss of the fluid is negligible so that negative pressure is not formed; thus, a person of ordinary skill in the art can easily calculate and design the cross-sectional area, angle of inclination, head difference, and flow velocity based on piping fluid dynamics.

[0118] When the water discharge velocity of the water trap decreases sharply below the standard velocity, the water flow within the Venturi channel slows down, and as the fluid in the piping passes through the narrow section of the Venturi channel, a localized pressure drop occurs, forming negative pressure. This negative pressure is directly transmitted to the lower part of Zone 2 through an emergency drain suction pipe connected to the Venturi channel, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the suction pipe, the length of the channel, and the suction flow rate can be mechanically set based on the on-site discharge flow rate to ensure sufficient velocity when negative pressure occurs.

[0119] When the above negative pressure occurs, the emergency drain suction pipe immediately sucks up the water remaining in the lower part of the second zone of the water trap and forcibly discharges it to the outside, and the suction is performed autonomously by the physical negative pressure of the Venturi channel without a separate pump, power supply, or electronic operation. When the flow rate of the Venturi channel recovers to a normal flow rate or higher, the pressure loss of the Venturi channel is substantially eliminated and the negative pressure is dissipated, so that the emergency drain suction is immediately stopped, and the fluid dynamic pressure and the pressure gradient of the Venturi channel are mechanically formed so that the channel cross-sectional area, angle, and location of the negative pressure port of the Venturi channel can be easily adjusted by a skilled technician according to the pipe flow rate, pipe diameter, and flow rate data.

[0120] The emergency drain suction structure according to one embodiment of the present invention effectively prevents the excessive accumulation of residual water in the water trap during abnormal situations where the water discharge flow rate decreases rapidly, and is realized by a purely mechanical self-actuating method that repeatedly operates and stops in real time based solely on changes in the flow rate within the on-site piping. The structure operates repetitively and automatically by utilizing the principle of mechanical negative pressure without an external power source or separate sensors, and even non-experts can easily assemble and apply it on-site based on the flow rate within the piping, the design of the Venturi flow path, and the installation method of the suction pipe. Explanation of the symbols

[0121] 100: Pump 200: Multiple drain pipes 300: Water trap 310: Zone 1 320: Zone 2 330: Refining Department

Claims

Claim 1 In a drain structure for pump piping, a pump; a plurality of drain pipes; The apparatus comprises a plurality of water traps connected to each of the plurality of drain pipes; wherein at least one of the plurality of water traps comprises a first zone where oil is located at the top and a second zone where water is located at the bottom, and includes a purification section that separates the first zone and the second zone and includes a connecting passage connecting the first zone and the second zone; when a mixture of oil and water introduced through the plurality of drain pipes is introduced into the water trap, the water trap is configured to separate the oil into the first zone and the water into the second zone according to the difference in specific gravity between the oil and water in the mixture; and when the amount of oil accumulated in the first zone exceeds a preset capacity, the excess oil is collected to the outside, and each of the plurality of water traps is provided with a specific gravity separation structure configured to include an inflow path, an inflow shock buffer, a flow rate reduction section, and a stagnation zone disposed inside the water trap, so that the fluid does not flow rapidly and the introduced mixture can sufficiently remain inside the water trap. Whether the amount of oil accumulated in the first zone exceeds the standard oil collection capacity is identified by the case where the oil level within the first zone exceeds the standard level through the oil level detection pipe installed in the first zone; when the standard level is exceeded, a mechanical valve linked to the pipe is opened to discharge the excess oil into the collection tank, and simultaneously, the water accumulated in the second zone is configured to be continuously discharged to the outside through the water outlet of the water trap; the water outlet is installed at the bottom of the water trap, and the water is automatically discharged by gravity when the water rises above the installation height of the water outlet; an expansion ring composed of a shape memory alloy is attached to a part of the outer wall of the water trap, and the expansion ring is installed to be in close contact with the outer wall of the water trap; and when the temperature of the environment in which the water trap is installed exceeds a preset temperature standard value,A drain structure for pump piping characterized in that the expansion ring is thermally expanded to expand the outer wall of the water trap outward, thereby physically reducing the flow rate of the mixed liquid flowing into the water trap, and the reduction in flow rate increases the separation time due to the difference in specific gravity between oil and water within the water trap, and when the expansion ring contracts due to a decrease in temperature, the outer wall of the water trap is restored to its original state, thereby increasing the flow rate of the mixed liquid flowing in again, so that flow rate correction is mechanically performed in response to temperature changes in the installation environment. Claim 2 delete Claim 3 delete Claim 4 delete Claim 5 delete Claim 6 delete

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