Organic light-emitting device, display apparatus including the same, electronic apparatus, and method for manufacturing organic light-emitting device

Abstract

The present invention is an organic light-emitting device having an insulating layer, an organic light-emitting element disposed on the main surface of the insulating layer, a color filter layer covering the organic light-emitting element and having a first color filter that transmits light having a first wavelength and a second color filter that transmits light having a second wavelength different from the first wavelength, wherein the concentration of an organic alkali having nitrogen atoms and hydroxyl groups contained in the color filter layer is less than 108.2 ng / cm².

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an organic light-emitting device, a display device having the same, an electronic device, and a method for manufacturing an organic light-emitting device. Background Technology

[0002] Recently, organic light-emitting display devices equipped with organic light-emitting diodes, which are self-emissive devices, have been attracting attention as flat panel displays. An organic light-emitting diode is a light-emitting device having an organic layer that includes a light-emitting layer. Regarding organic light-emitting diodes, types that generate different colors depending on the pixel and types that emit white light and spectrally analyze it using a color filter are known.

[0003] Examples of disclosed color filters include on-glass color filters and on-chip color filters. For on-glass color filters, a color filter is formed on a substrate different from the substrate on which the organic light-emitting diode is formed, and after formation, it is attached to the substrate on which the organic light-emitting diode is formed. On the other hand, for on-chip color filters, a color filter is formed on the formed organic light-emitting diode.

[0004] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-113494 describes a color filter forming process comprising the step of exposing a photosensitive resin and using an alkaline developer to remove unexposed portions of the resin layer.

[0005] An organic light-emitting device described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-113494 has an on-chip color filter formed therein.

[0006] However, since organic light-emitting diodes have lower thermal tolerance than devices composed of inorganic layers, they are formed at lower temperatures than those for inorganic layers. In color filters formed at low temperatures, residual developer solution remains, which decomposes at high temperatures during the formation of the inorganic layer. The reliability of organic light-emitting devices equipped with on-chip color filters containing such residual components is degraded due to these components. The problem to be solved

[0007] The present invention, made in consideration of the above-mentioned problem, provides a highly reliable organic light-emitting device by reducing the components contained in the developer solution. means of solving the problem

[0008] The present invention comprises an insulating layer, a first organic light-emitting element and a second organic light-emitting element disposed on the main surface of the insulating layer, a first color filter superimposed on the first organic light-emitting element in a planar view and transmitting light having a first wavelength, and a second color filter superimposed on the second organic light-emitting element and transmitting light having a second wavelength different from the first wavelength, the color filter layer being composed of a resin curable at 100°C or lower, wherein each of the first color filter and the second color filter has a first surface facing the first organic light-emitting element and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the difference between the distance from the first surface of the first color filter to the insulating layer in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the insulating layer and the distance from the first surface of the second color filter to the insulating layer in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the insulating layer is such that the difference between the distance from the second surface of the first color filter to the insulating layer in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the insulating layer and the difference between the distance from the second surface of the first color filter to the insulating layer in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the insulating layer and the difference perpendicular to the main surface of the insulating layer An organic light-emitting device is provided in which the difference in distance from the second surface of the second color filter to the insulating layer in the direction is smaller than the difference in distance, and the concentration of an organic alkali containing nitrogen atoms and hydroxyl groups contained in the color filter layer is greater than 0 ng / ㎠ and less than 108.2 ng / ㎠.

[0009] Another feature of the present invention will become apparent from the description of the following embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0010] FIG. 1a is a schematic cross-sectional view of an organic light-emitting device of the related technology equipped with an on-glass color filter according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1b is a schematic cross-sectional view of an organic light-emitting device according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1c is a schematic view of an organic light-emitting device according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the TMAH concentration and the number of defects in a color filter. FIGS. 3a to 3d are schematic cross-sectional views of an organic light-emitting device according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4a is a schematic diagram illustrating the step of manufacturing a green filter of an organic light-emitting device according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4b is a schematic diagram illustrating the step of forming a blue filter of an organic light-emitting element according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4c is a schematic diagram illustrating the step of forming a red filter of an organic light-emitting element according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4d is a plan view showing a non-limiting example of an organic light-emitting device according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a non-limiting example of a display device according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6a is a schematic diagram showing a non-limiting example of an imaging device according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6b is a schematic diagram showing a non-limiting example of an electronic device according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7a is a schematic diagram showing a non-limiting example of a display device according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7b is a schematic diagram showing a non-limiting example of a foldable display device according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8a is a schematic diagram showing a non-limiting example of a lighting device according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8b is a schematic diagram showing a non-limiting example of an automobile having a vehicle lighting fixture according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9a is a schematic diagram showing a non-limiting example of a wearable device according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9b is a schematic diagram showing a form having an imaging device, which is a non-limiting example of a wearable device according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0011] An organic light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises an insulating layer, a first organic light-emitting element and a second organic light-emitting element disposed on the main surface of the insulating layer, a color filter layer having a first color filter superimposed on the first organic light-emitting element in a planar view and transmitting light having a first wavelength, and a second color filter superimposed on the second organic light-emitting element and transmitting light having a second wavelength different from the first wavelength, wherein each of the first color filter and the second color filter has a first surface facing the first organic light-emitting element and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the difference between the distance from the first surface of the first color filter to the insulating layer in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the insulating layer and the distance from the first surface of the second color filter to the insulating layer in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the insulating layer is the distance from the second surface of the first color filter to the insulating layer in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the insulating layer and the second color filter in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the insulating layer The difference in distance from the second surface of the filter to the insulating layer is smaller than the concentration of the organic alkali containing nitrogen atoms and hydroxyl groups contained in the color filter layer, which is less than 108.2 ng / cm². The concentration of the organic alkali is 40 ng / cm² or less, and furthermore, optionally 10 ng / cm² or less.

[0012] This concentration may be 0.08 ng / cm² or higher, or 0.01 ng / cm² or higher.

[0013] Since organic alkalis that are not thermally decomposed are not limited to being removed only by the removal step, the concentration of organic alkalis may be greater than 0 ng / cm².

[0014] Regarding an on-chip color filter formed on an organic light-emitting device, the color planes facing each organic light-emitting element are parallel to each other. That is, the color filter layer has a first color filter that transmits light having a first wavelength and a second color filter that transmits light having a second wavelength different from the first wavelength. Each of the first color filter and the second color filter has a first plane facing the organic light-emitting element and a second plane opposite to the first plane.

[0015] The difference between the distance from the first surface of the first color filter to the insulating layer in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the insulating layer and the distance from the first surface of the second color filter to the insulating layer in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the insulating layer is smaller than the difference between the distance from the second surface of the first color filter to the insulating layer in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the insulating layer and the distance from the second surface of the second color filter to the insulating layer in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the insulating layer.

[0016] In the case of having red, green, and blue color filter layers, the first surface facing all colors of the organic light-emitting diode is basically positioned at the same height, whereas the second surface opposite to each color's first surface is positioned at different heights. This is because, in on-chip color filters, the heights of the second surfaces of each color filter differ. Regarding on-chip color filters, a sequence is created because the color filters are formed on the organic light-emitting diode in, for example, the order of green, blue, and red. In such cases, the second surfaces are positioned in an order of decreasing proximity to the green, blue, and red insulating layers. In the case of on-glass color filters, the second surfaces of the color filters, rather than the first surfaces, are positioned at the same location.

[0017] The second color filter may be placed next to the first color filter in a planar view. A planar view refers to a view from a point perpendicular to the main surface of the insulating layer.

[0018] A third color filter, different from the first and second color filters, may be placed next to the first and second color filters in a planar view. Regarding "next to," each color filter may be in direct contact with each other or in contact with each other through a black matrix.

[0019] An organic light-emitting element has a first electrode, an organic layer, and a second electrode from the substrate side. Overlapping the first organic light-emitting element over a first color filter in a planar view corresponds to overlapping the first electrode over the first color filter. Overlapping with other organic light-emitting elements is the same. The organic light-emitting element may have a pixel separation layer that separates the first electrode from another first electrode adjacent to the first electrode. The organic layer and the second electrode may be shared by a plurality of organic light-emitting elements.

[0020] Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings.

[0021] First embodiment

[0022] FIG. 1a is a schematic cross-sectional view of an organic light-emitting device of the related technology equipped with an on-glass color filter. This display device is used as an organic light-emitting display. A driving circuit layer (11) formed on a substrate (10), an OLED layer (12) including a plurality of organic light-emitting elements, a protective layer (13), a first resin layer (14), a color filter layer (15), a second resin layer (16), and a cover glass (17) are shown.

[0023] The color filter layer is composed of a green filter (15a), a blue filter (15b), and a red filter (15c). The color filter layer may be composed of filters that transmit other colors. The color filter layer has a color filter that transmits light having a first wavelength, a color filter that transmits light having a second wavelength different from the first wavelength, and a color filter that transmits light having a third wavelength different from the first and second wavelengths. In FIG. 1a, a green filter (15a), a blue filter (15b), and a red filter (15c) are shown as examples. The color filter has a first surface on the substrate side and a second surface opposite to the first surface. In FIG. 1a, since the color filter layer is a glass-on-glass color filter, the first surfaces of the green filter, the blue filter, and the red filter are not horizontal to each other, while the second surfaces of the green filter, the blue filter, and the red filter are horizontal to each other. That is, the difference between the distance from the first surface of the first color filter to the substrate and the distance from the first surface of the second color filter to the substrate in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate is greater than the difference between the distance from the second surface of the first color filter to the substrate and the distance from the second surface of the second color filter to the substrate in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate. Since the color filter layer is attached after being manufactured on another substrate, this thickness relationship applies.

[0024] Since the substrate does not have an OLED layer, a heating step can be performed during the color filter layer formation process without considering the influence on the organic compounds of the OLED layer. As a result, the components of the developer used to pattern the color filter layer are thermally decomposed and substantially do not remain in the color filter layer.

[0025] The driving circuit layer is a layer in which a transistor is disposed within an insulating layer, and the insulating layer may be an inorganic material or an organic material. Although not shown in the drawing, the driving circuit layer may include a transistor and a capacitance, and the transistor may be a switching transistor or a transistor that controls the brightness of an organic light-emitting diode by controlling the amount of current.

[0026] The OLED layer (12) includes a plurality of organic light-emitting elements. The organic light-emitting element has a first electrode, an organic layer, and a second electrode from the substrate side. The organic compound layer may have a stacked configuration, for example, of a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a light-emitting layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer. Additionally, the OLED layer (12) can change the light emission color depending on the constituent material of the light-emitting layer. The light emission color may be, for example, white, or light in a specific wavelength range.

[0027] The protective layer (13) is a layer that protects the organic light-emitting device and may be composed of an inorganic material such as silicon nitride, for example. The protective layer should not allow moisture, oxygen, etc. to pass through, but since complete protection performance is not required, the protective layer may have moisture permeability. In this regard, if the organic light-emitting device has a flexible, foldable, or stretchable form, the moisture permeability of the protective layer may be increased.

[0028] The first resin layer (14) is installed for the purpose of flattening the surface to form the color filter layer, for example, and may be composed of an organic material such as acrylic resin, for example. The first resin layer may be called a flattening layer depending on the purpose.

[0029] The color filter layer (15) absorbs a portion of the light generated from the organic light-emitting element and transmits a portion of the light. For example, by absorbing light other than red light and transmitting red light, it is possible to spectrally separate red light from white light. The color filter layer may be composed of an organic material containing a pigment.

[0030] The second resin layer (16) may be arranged for the purpose of flattening the surface on which a member formed on the color filter layer is to be formed, for example, and may be composed of an organic material like the first resin layer. Depending on the configuration of the organic light-emitting device, the second resin layer is not limited to being installed.

[0031] The cover glass (17) is a protective member for protecting the organic light-emitting device from external impact. Glass may be used, or other members may be used if the member transmits light.

[0032] FIG. 1b is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an organic light-emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Unlike FIG. 1a, since an on-chip color filter is provided, the first surfaces of the color filters are horizontal to each other, and the second surfaces are not horizontal to each other. In other words, the difference between the distance from the first surface d of the first color filter to the substrate and the distance from the first surface of the second color filter to the substrate in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate is smaller than the difference between the distance from the second surface of the first color filter to the substrate and the distance from the second surface of the second color filter to the substrate in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate.

[0033] The difference between the distance from the first surface of the first color filter to the substrate and the distance from the first surface of the second color filter to the substrate in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate may be substantially zero.

[0034] Since the on-chip color filter does not include a high-temperature heating step, the color filter layer may be composed of a resin that hardens at 100°C or lower.

[0035] Since it is an on-chip color filter, a heating step in which the components of the developer solution undergo thermal decomposition is not included, and the concentration of organic alkali containing nitrogen atoms and hydroxyl groups contained in the color filter layer is less than 108.2 ng / cm². The concentration of organic alkali may be 40 ng / cm² or less, and optionally 10 ng / cm² or less. In addition, this concentration may be 0.08 ng / cm² or more, or 0.01 ng / cm² or more. In situations where a developer solution containing organic alkali is used, since the organic alkali that is not thermally decomposed is not limited to being removed solely by the organic alkali reduction step, the concentration of organic alkali may be greater than 0 ng / cm².

[0036] Organic alkali may be reduced or removed during the step of reducing organic alkali during the process of forming the color filter layer.

[0037] According to the present embodiment, a highly reliable organic light-emitting device equipped with an on-chip color filter can be provided. Reliability indicates that it is difficult for defects such as failure to light up to occur during long-term use.

[0038] FIG. 1c is a schematic diagram showing an organic light-emitting device according to another embodiment of the present invention. A display panel (18) composed of an organic light-emitting device is bonded to a cover glass (17) using an adhesive resin (21). The portion surrounded by the adhesive resin (21) may be a hollow layer as shown in FIG. 1a and FIG. 1b. In FIG. 1c, as a non-limiting example, an adhesive member is placed on the side of the organic light-emitting device, but an adhesive member may be placed on top of the organic light-emitting device. The adhesive resin may be composed of acrylic resin, epoxy resin, etc.

[0039] The organic light-emitting device includes a light-emitting region (22) and a non-light-emitting region (23), and a dummy pixel may be installed in the non-light-emitting region (23). Additionally, a pad electrode connected to an external circuit may be disposed in the non-light-emitting region.

[0040] Figure 2 is a graph showing the relationship between tetramethylammonium hydroxide concentration and the number of defects.

[0041] On-chip color filters are formed by patterning a color filter on an OLED layer. A developer is used during the patterning process. Tetramethylammonium hydroxide is used as a component of this developer. Hereinafter, tetramethylammonium hydroxide will be referred to as TMAH. TMAH is an organic alkali having a nitrogen atom and a hydroxyl group.

[0042] For on-glass color filters, since the color filter is cured at a higher temperature than the decomposition temperature of TMAH, it is difficult for TMAH to remain in the color filter. On the other hand, since on-chip color filters are cured at a lower temperature than the decomposition temperature of TMAH, TMAH is likely to remain in the organic light-emitting device.

[0043] FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the concentration of TMAH and the number of defects in Process A, in which an on-chip color filter is formed by a method not using the present invention, and Processes B and C, in which an on-chip color filter is formed according to the present invention. In this regard, the number of defects represents the number of defects that occurred in an organic light-emitting device after a predetermined period of time during an accelerated test at high temperature and high humidity.

[0044] The curves in FIG. 2 show the defect trends that occurred in the color filter layer when wafers produced in processes A to C were reshaped and stored for a predetermined period in a high temperature and high humidity environment at a temperature of 85°C and a humidity of 90%. The adhesive resin or cover glass shown in FIG. 1c was not installed in these reshaped wafers.

[0045] The horizontal axis of FIG. 2 represents the residual TMAH amount (ng / ㎠) of Process A, in which TMAH reduction in the color filter layer is insufficient, and Processes B and C, in which TMAH reduction treatment is performed during the formation of the color filter layer. The vertical axis represents the number of defects that occurred on the lens at each storage time (90h and 250h) at 85°C and 90%. That is, Process A is a comparative example, and Processes B and C represent the results of the organic light-emitting device according to the present invention. In this regard, a conventional developing process exhibits a TMAH reduction effect similar to that of a process in which TMAH reduction is insufficient.

[0046] The TMAH concentration on the horizontal axis was determined by extracting THAM from the wafer after processing each process and extracting the amount of TMAH using the ion chromatography method (hereinafter referred to as the IC method). The TMAH concentration per unit area of ​​the color filter layer was calculated from the measured TMAH values.

[0047] In Process A, the occurrence of defects was observed at each storage time. In Processes B and C, the number of defects occurring at each storage time was smaller compared to Process A.

[0048] Table 1 shows the result of each process and the amount of remaining TMAH (ng / cm²).

[0049] TMAH amount (ng / ㎠) Process A 108.2 Process B 39.6 Process C 12.1

[0050] The numerical value of the residual TMAH amount (ng / ㎠) included in the color filter layer (15) of process A, which does not perform TMAH reduction treatment, and processes B and C, which perform TMAH reduction treatment, is shown.

[0051] According to Table 1, the residual amount of TMAH that reduces the occurrence of defects is less than 108.2 ng / cm² or 40 ng / cm² or less, and optionally 10 ng / cm² or less. In addition, the residual amount of TMAH may be greater than or equal to the detection lower limit of 0.08 ng / cm² or 0.01 ng / cm² or more. In this regard, since the color filter is manufactured using TMAH and TMAH remains in the color filter layer, this residual amount may be greater than 0 ng / cm².

[0052] Second embodiment

[0053] FIG. 3a is a schematic cross-sectional view of an organic light-emitting device according to another embodiment of the present invention. The organic light-emitting device according to this embodiment has a configuration in which the surface of the second resin layer (16) is in contact with the hollow layer (24a) and is sealed by a cover glass (17) on the second resin layer. In this embodiment, an on-chip color filter is used, and the difference in distance from the substrate to the color filter between the second surfaces of the color filters is omitted.

[0054] Third embodiment

[0055] FIG. 3b is a schematic cross-sectional view of an organic light-emitting device according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the organic light-emitting device according to this embodiment, a lens (25) is disposed on a second resin layer (16). The lens (25) collects light generated from an organic light-emitting element. In FIG. 3b, a convex lens is shown as a non-limiting example, but a concave lens may also be used. Although a lens is disposed for each organic light-emitting element, multiple lenses may be disposed for each organic light-emitting element. Depending on the size, the lens may be called a microlens. The lens may be composed of, for example, an organic material or an inorganic film such as SiN.

[0056] The hollow layer (24a) may contain gas. It may be said that the hollow layer (24a) is filled with gas. In order for the lens (25) to exhibit a light-gathering effect, the refractive index may be close to 1. A structure having such a hollow layer is also called a hollow structure. The hollow layer is ultimately a void. In the hollow structure, a lens, a gas such as air, and a protective member may be arranged in this order. The protective member is attached to a substrate, a protective layer, etc. using an adhesive member described later. In this regard, in the present embodiment, an on-chip color filter is used, and the difference in distance from the substrate to the color filter between the second surfaces of the color filters is omitted.

[0057] Fourth embodiment

[0058] FIG. 3c is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an organic light-emitting device according to another embodiment of the present invention. The organic light-emitting device is similar to the third embodiment except that a sealing layer (24b) is disposed on the lens (25) instead of a hollow layer. The sealing layer (24b) may be composed of a resin, for example, acrylic resin or epoxy resin. The display device (18) is sealed with a cover glass (17) with the sealing layer (24b) interposed therein. The difference between the refractive index of the sealing layer (24b) and the refractive index of the lens may be large. Specifically, the refractive index of the sealing layer may be smaller than the refractive index of the lens and may be close to 1. In addition, the refractive index of the sealing layer may be smaller than the average value of the refractive index of the lens and the refractive index of air. That is, the refractive index of the sealing layer may be closer to the refractive index of air than the refractive index of the lens. This sealing layer (24b) should preferably not allow moisture, oxygen, etc. to pass through, but since complete protection performance is not required, this sealing layer (24b) may have moisture permeability. As the moisture permeability of this sealing layer (24b) increases, the possibility of a reaction occurring between the organic alkali in the developer solution and moisture increases, thus making the problem of the present invention more pronounced. In this regard, in this embodiment, an on-chip color filter is used, and the difference in distance from the substrate to the color filter between the second surfaces of the color filters is omitted.

[0059] FIG. 3d is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an organic light-emitting device according to another embodiment of the present invention. A lens is not placed on the surface layer of the second resin layer (16), and the display device (18) is sealed with a cover glass (17) through a sealing layer (24b). In this regard, in this embodiment, an on-chip color filter is used, and the difference in distance from the substrate to the color filter between the second surfaces of the color filters is omitted.

[0060] Manufacturing process of color filters

[0061] Hereinafter, a method for manufacturing a color filter of an organic light-emitting device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4a to 4c. The method for manufacturing an organic light-emitting device according to the present embodiment comprises the steps of forming an organic light-emitting element on the main surface of an insulating layer and forming a color filter layer on the organic light-emitting element. The step of forming the color filter layer is a photolithography step comprising the step of applying a resin onto the organic light-emitting element, the step of selectively exposing the resin through a photomask, and the step of developing the resin using a developer solution containing an organic alkali having nitrogen atoms and hydroxyl groups. The method for manufacturing an organic light-emitting device according to the present invention comprises the step of reducing the organic alkali inside the color filter layer after the development step. In the present embodiment, TMAH is used as the organic alkali. In this regard, the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0062] FIG. 4a is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps for manufacturing a green filter of an organic light-emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. A substrate (10) is prepared, and a driving circuit layer (11) including a driving circuit is formed on the substrate (10). Next, an OLED layer (12) including an electrode and an organic layer is formed on the driving circuit layer (11). A protective layer (13) is formed on the OLED layer (12) by a film deposition method such as CVD or sputtering. The temperature during the formation of the protective layer (13) may be set to 110°C or lower, or 100°C or lower. A first resin layer (14) is formed on the protective layer (13) by a film deposition method such as spin coating. A green filter (15a), which is a first color filter layer, is formed on the first resin layer (14).

[0063] Regarding the color filter, an organic material containing pigment is applied by a spin coating method, etc., patterning is performed by photolithography, and development is performed using an alkaline developer containing TMAH.

[0064] After the development step, the surface layer of the color filter is physically cleaned through a two-fluid rinse using pure water, thereby reducing the TMAH remaining on the surface and sides of the green filter (15a). The cleaning solution may contain 80% or more pure water. The cleaning step may be performed by methods such as a two-fluid rinse or immersion, and a two-fluid rinse may be adopted. The same applies to the cleaning step of other color filters.

[0065] After the development step, the color filter may be formed by light irradiation or firing at 110°C or lower, or by firing at 100°C or lower. The step of heating the color filter may be a step of heating at a temperature lower than the glass transition temperature of the organic compound constituting the organic layer included in the organic light-emitting diode.

[0066] FIG. 4b is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps for forming a blue filter of an organic light-emitting diode. After forming a green filter (15a), a blue filter (15b), which is a second color filter layer, is formed. Regarding the color filter, an organic material containing pigment is applied by a spin coating method or the like, patterned by photolithography, and developed using an alkaline developer containing TMAH. After the development step, the surface layer of the color filter is washed using a nanospray, thereby reducing the TMAH remaining on the surface of the green filter (15a) and the blue filter (15b), and on the sides of the green filter (15a) and the blue filter (15b).

[0067] After the development step, the color filter may be formed by light irradiation or firing at 130°C or lower, or by firing at 110°C or lower. The step of heating the color filter layer may be a step of heating at a temperature lower than the glass transition temperature of the organic compound constituting the organic layer included in the organic light-emitting device.

[0068] FIG. 4c is a schematic diagram illustrating the step of forming a red filter of an organic light-emitting diode. After forming a blue filter (15b), a red filter (15c), which is a third color filter layer, is formed. Regarding the color filter, an organic material containing pigment is applied by a spin coating method or the like, patterned by photolithography, and developed using an alkaline developer containing TMAH. After the development step, the surface layer of the color filter is washed using a nanospray to reduce the TMAH remaining on the surface of the green filter (15a), blue filter (15b), and red filter (15c).

[0069] After the development step, the color filter may be formed by light irradiation or firing at 130°C or lower, or by firing at 110°C or lower. The step of heating the color filter layer may be a step of heating at a temperature lower than the glass transition temperature of the organic compound constituting the organic layer included in the organic light-emitting device.

[0070] Since the color filter according to the present embodiment is an on-chip color filter, the heating step of the color filter is performed at a temperature lower than the decomposition temperature of the developer.

[0071] FIG. 4d is a plan view showing an example of an organic light-emitting device according to at least one embodiment of the present invention. For each of the green, blue, and red color filters according to the present invention, by rounding the corner portions, an area (26) where no color filter is installed can be formed (Fig. 4d). Accordingly, in the cleaning step after development, the rinse liquid can easily circulate through the color filter boundary, thereby promoting the removal of TMAH. The area (26) where no color filter is installed may be filled with a second resin layer installed after the formation of the color filter. For example, the green color filter is assumed to be the first color filter, the blue color filter is assumed to be the second color filter, and the red color filter is assumed to be the third color filter. As a result, in the organic light-emitting device, a second resin layer is disposed on top of the first color filter (27) and the second color filter (28), and a second resin layer is also disposed between the first color filter (27) and the second color filter (28). The second resin layer may be a so-called flattening layer.

[0072] The area (26) where no color filter is installed may be placed between the first color filter (27) and the third color filter (29). The second resin layer may be placed in the area between the first color filter (27) and the third color filter (29). The second resin layer may cover at least the entire display area. That is, the second resin layer is placed on top of the third color filter as well. The second resin layer can be said to be placed continuously over the entire display area.

[0073] According to the present embodiment, an organic light-emitting device with reduced TMAH concentration can be manufactured.

[0074] Composition of organic light-emitting diodes

[0075] An organic light-emitting diode is manufactured by forming an insulating layer, a first electrode, an organic compound layer, and a second electrode on a substrate. A protective layer, a color filter, a microlens, etc., may be installed on the cathode.

[0076] When a color filter is installed, a flattening layer may be installed between the color filter and the protective layer. The flattening layer may be formed from acrylic resin or the like. The same applies when a flattening layer is placed between the color filter and the microlens.

[0077] substrate

[0078] Examples of substrates include quartz substrates, glass substrates, silicon wafers, resin substrates, and metal substrates. Furthermore, switching elements such as transistors and wiring may be disposed on the substrate, and an insulating layer may be disposed thereon. The insulating layer may be formed of any material provided that it can form a contact hole to form wiring between the insulating layer and the first electrode and provide insulation from unconnected wiring. Examples of this material include resins such as polyimide, silicon oxide, and silicon nitride.

[0079] electrode

[0080] A pair of electrodes may be used. The pair of electrodes may be a positive electrode and a negative electrode.

[0081] When an electric field is applied in the direction in which an organic light-emitting diode emits light, the electrode with the higher potential is the anode, and the other electrode is the cathode. That is, the electrode that supplies holes to the light-emitting layer is the anode, and the electrode that supplies electrons is the cathode.

[0082] The material constituting the anode can have as large a work function as possible. Examples of materials include individual metals such as gold, platinum, silver, copper, nickel, palladium, cobalt, selenium, vanadium, and tungsten, mixtures containing these metals, alloys of these metals, and metal oxides such as tin oxide, zinc oxide, indium oxide, indium tin oxide (ITO), and indium zinc oxide. Further examples include conductive polymers such as polyaniline, polypyrrole, and polythiophene.

[0083] These electrode materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The anode may be composed of one layer or multiple layers.

[0084] When the anode is used as a reflective electrode, for example, chromium, aluminum, silver, titanium, tungsten, molybdenum, alloys thereof, or laminates thereof may be used. The above-mentioned materials may also be used to function as a reflective film that does not serve as an electrode. When the anode is used as a transparent electrode, an oxide transparent conductive layer such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide may be used, but the present invention is not limited to these.

[0085] The electrode may be formed by photolithography technology.

[0086] In contrast, the material constituting the cathode may have a small work function. Examples of cathode materials include alkali metals such as lithium, alkaline earth metals such as calcium, and individual metals such as aluminum, titanium, manganese, silver, lead, and chromium, as well as mixtures containing these metals. Alloys of these individual metals may also be used. For example, magnesium-silver, aluminum-lithium, aluminum-magnesium, silver-copper, and zinc-silver may be used. Metal oxides such as indium tin oxide (ITO) may also be used. These electrode materials may be used individually or in combination of two or more. The cathode may have a single-layer or multi-layer configuration. In particular, silver may be used. To reduce silver aggregation, silver alloys may be used. As long as silver aggregation can be reduced, the alloy ratio is not limited. The ratio of silver to other metals may be, for example, 1:1 or 3:1.

[0087] The cathode is not particularly limited. The cathode may be an oxide conductive layer such as ITO to provide a top emission element. Alternatively, the cathode may be a reflective electrode made of aluminum (Al) or the like to provide a bottom emission element. The shape of the cathode is not particularly limited. For example, a DC or AC sputtering method may be used because good film coverage is achieved and it is easy to lower the resistance.

[0088] organic compound layer

[0089] The organic compound layer may be formed as a single layer or multiple layers. If the organic compound layer includes a repair layer, these layers may be called a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, a light-emitting layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, or an electron injection layer depending on their function. The organic compound layer is mainly composed of organic compounds and may contain inorganic atoms and inorganic compounds. For example, the organic compound layer may have copper, lithium, magnesium, aluminum, iridium, platinum, molybdenum, zinc, etc. The organic compound layer may be disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, or may be disposed in contact with the first electrode and the second electrode.

[0090] protective layer

[0091] A protective layer may be placed on the cathode. For example, by attaching a glass member having a hygroscopic agent to the cathode, the intrusion of, for example, water into the organic compound layer may be reduced, thereby reducing the occurrence of display defects. In another embodiment, a passivation film made of silicon nitride or the like may be installed on the cathode to reduce the intrusion of, for example, water into the organic compound layer. For example, after forming the cathode, the resulting substrate may be transferred to another chamber without breaking the vacuum, and a silicon nitride film with a thickness of 2 μm may be formed by the CVD method to form a protective layer thereon. After film deposition by the CVD method, a protective layer may be formed by the atomic layer deposition method (ALD method). The material of the film formed by the ALD method is not limited and may be, for example, silicon nitride, silicon oxide, or aluminum oxide. Silicon nitride may be further deposited by the CVD method on the film formed by the ALD method. A film formed by the ALD method may have a film thickness smaller than that formed by the CVD method. Specifically, this thickness may be 50% or less, or even 10% or less.

[0092] Color filter

[0093] A color filter may be installed on the protective layer. For example, a color filter considering the size of the organic light-emitting diode may be installed on another substrate, and this substrate may be attached to the substrate on which the organic light-emitting diode is installed. Alternatively, a color filter may be formed on the aforementioned protective layer by photolithography patterning. The color filter may be composed of a polymer.

[0094] flattening layer

[0095] A leveling layer may be installed between the color filter and the protective layer. The leveling layer is installed to reduce irregularities in the underlying layer. The leveling layer may be referred to as a material resin layer without limiting its purpose. The leveling layer may be composed of organic compounds and may have low or high molecular weight. The leveling layer may have high molecular weight.

[0096] The flattening layer may be installed above and below the color filter, and the flattening layer may be formed of the same material or a different material. Specific examples of this material include polyvinylcarbazole resin, polycarbonate resin, polyester resin, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) resin, acrylic resin, polyimide resin, phenolic resin, epoxy resin, silicone resin, and urea resin.

[0097] Microlens

[0098] An organic light-emitting device may have an optical component, such as a microlens, on the light-emitting side. The microlens may be composed of acrylic resin, epoxy resin, etc. The microlens may be used to increase the amount of light extracted from the organic light-emitting device and to control the direction of the extracted light. The microlens may have a hemispherical shape. In the case of a hemispherical shape, among the tangents touching the hemisphere, there exists a tangent parallel to the insulating layer, and the point of contact between this tangent and the hemisphere is the vertex of the microlens. The vertex of the microlens can be determined identically in all cross-sectional views. That is, among the tangents touching the semicircle of the microlens in the cross-sectional view, there exists a tangent parallel to the insulating layer, and the point of contact between this tangent and the semicircle is the vertex of the microlens.

[0099] The midpoint of the microlens may also be defined. In a cross-section of the microlens, a line segment from the point where the arc shape ends to another point where the arc shape ends can be taken, and the midpoint of this line segment can be called the midpoint of the microlens. The cross-section used to determine the vertex and the midpoint may be a cross-section perpendicular to the insulating layer.

[0100] Opposing substrate

[0101] A counter substrate may be installed on the planarization layer. Since the counter substrate is positioned opposite to the aforementioned substrate, it is referred to as the counter substrate. The counter substrate may be composed of the same material as the aforementioned substrate. When the aforementioned substrate is defined as the first substrate, the counter substrate may be defined as the second substrate.

[0102] organic layer

[0103] An organic compound layer (hole injection layer, hole transport layer, electron blocking layer, light-emitting layer, hole blocking layer, electron transport layer, electron injection layer, etc.) constituting an organic light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention is formed by the following method.

[0104] An organic compound layer constituting an organic light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention may be formed by a dry process such as vacuum deposition, ionization deposition, sputtering, or plasma. Instead of a dry process, a wet process may be employed, which includes dissolving a material in a suitable solvent and then forming a layer by a known coating method (e.g., spin coating, dipping, casting, Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) method, or inkjet method).

[0105] When a layer is formed by vacuum deposition, solution coating, etc., crystallization is unlikely to occur and good stability over time is obtained. When a film is formed by a coating method, the film can be formed by combining the material with a suitable binder resin.

[0106] Examples of binder resins include polyvinylcarbazole resin, polycarbonate resin, polyester resin, ABS resin, acrylic resin, polyimide resin, phenolic resin, epoxy resin, silicone resin, and urea resin, but are not limited to these.

[0107] These binder resins may be used alone as homopolymers or copolymers, or in combination as a mixture of two or more. Furthermore, if necessary, known additives such as plasticizers, antioxidants, and UV absorbers may be used in combination.

[0108] pixel circuit

[0109] The light-emitting device may have a pixel circuit connected to a light-emitting element. The pixel circuit may be of an active matrix type that independently controls the light emission of the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element. The active matrix type circuit may be a voltage programming or current programming circuit. The driving circuit has a pixel circuit for each pixel. The pixel circuit may include a light-emitting element, a transistor that controls the brightness of the light-emitting element, a transistor that controls the light emission timing, a capacitance that maintains the gate voltage of the transistor that controls the light emission brightness, and a transistor for connecting to GND without passing through the light-emitting element.

[0110] The light-emitting device has a display area and a peripheral area surrounding the display area. The display area has a pixel circuit, and the peripheral area has a display control circuit. The mobility of the transistor constituting the pixel circuit may be smaller than the mobility of the transistor constituting the display control circuit.

[0111] The slope of the current-voltage characteristic of the transistor constituting the pixel circuit may be smaller than the slope of the current-voltage characteristic of the transistor constituting the display control circuit. The slope of the current-voltage characteristic can be measured by the so-called Vg-Ig characteristic.

[0112] The transistor constituting the pixel circuit is a transistor connected to a light-emitting element including a first light-emitting element.

[0113] Pixel

[0114] An organic light-emitting device may have multiple pixels. The pixels have subpixels that emit light of a color different from other colors. The subpixels emit, for example, RGB colors.

[0115] Each pixel emits light from an area also called the pixel aperture. This area is the same as the first area.

[0116] The pixel aperture may have a size of 15㎛ or less or 5㎛ or more. More specifically, the pixel aperture may be, for example, 11㎛, 9.5㎛, 7.4㎛, or 6.4㎛.

[0117] The distance between subpixels may be 10㎛ or less, and specifically, 8㎛, 7.4㎛, or 6.4㎛.

[0118] Pixels may have a known arrangement in a planar view. For example, this arrangement may be a stripe arrangement, delta arrangement, pentile arrangement, or Bayer arrangement. Each subpixel may take on a known shape in a planar view. For example, this shape may be a rectangle, such as a rectangle or a rhombus, or a hexagon. Of course, a shape that is not an exact rectangle but is close to a rectangle is also considered a rectangle. The shape of each subpixel and the pixel arrangement may be used in combination.

[0119] Uses of an organic light-emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention

[0120] An organic light-emitting element according to one embodiment of the present invention may be used as a component of a display device or a lighting device. Furthermore, the organic light-emitting element is used, for example, as an exposure light source of an electrophotographic image forming device, as a backlight of a liquid crystal display device, and as a light-emitting device having a white light source and a color filter.

[0121] The display device may be an image information processing device having an image input section into which image information is input from an area CCD, a linear CCD, a memory card, etc., and an information processing section configured to process the input information, and displaying the input image on the display section.

[0122] The display unit included in the imaging device or inkjet printer may have a touch panel function. This touch panel function may be driven using infrared, capacitive, resistive, or electromagnetic induction, but the driving method is not particularly limited. The display device may be used in the display unit of a multifunction printer.

[0123] Next, a display device according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to the attached drawings.

[0124] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a display device according to the present embodiment. The display device (1000) may have an upper cover (1001) and a lower cover (1009), and a touch panel (1003), a display panel (1005), a frame (1006), a circuit board (1007), and a battery (1008) disposed between the upper cover (1001) and the lower cover (1009). The touch panel (1003) and the display panel (1005) are respectively connected to flexible printed circuits FPC 1002 and 1004. A transistor is printed on the circuit board (1007). The battery (1008) does not necessarily need to be installed if the display device is not a portable device, and even if the display device is a portable device, it may be installed in a different location.

[0125] The display device according to the present embodiment may have a color filter having red, green, and blue portions. The red, green, and blue portions of the color filter may be arranged in a delta array.

[0126] The display device according to the present embodiment may be used in the display portion of a portable terminal. In such a case, the display device may have both a display function and an operation function. Examples of portable terminals include mobile phones such as smartphones, tablets, and head-mounted displays.

[0127] The display device according to the present embodiment may be used in the display unit of an imaging device having an optical unit having a plurality of lenses and an imaging element that receives light passing through the optical unit. The imaging device may have a display unit that displays information acquired by the imaging element. The display unit may be a display unit exposed to the outside of the imaging device or a display unit disposed within a viewfinder. The imaging device may be a digital camera or a digital camcorder.

[0128] FIG. 6a is a schematic diagram showing an example of an imaging device according to the present embodiment. The imaging device (1100) may have a viewfinder (1101), a rear display (1102), an operating unit (1103), and a housing (1104). The viewfinder (1101) may have a display device according to the present embodiment. In this case, the display device may display not only the image to be captured, but also, for example, environmental information and shooting instructions. Environmental information may include, for example, the intensity of external light, the direction of external light, the speed of movement of the subject, and the possibility that the subject is shielded behind a shield.

[0129] Since the timing suitable for capturing is a very short period, it is desirable to display information as quickly as possible. Accordingly, a display device using an organic light-emitting element according to the present invention can be used. This is because the organic light-emitting element has a high response speed. A display device using an organic light-emitting element is more suitable than a liquid crystal display for use in devices where a high display speed is required.

[0130] The imaging device (1100) has an optical section not shown in the drawing. The optical section has a plurality of lenses and is configured to form an image on an imaging element housed in a housing (1104). The plurality of lenses can adjust the focus by adjusting their relative positions. This operation can be performed automatically. The imaging device may also be called a photoelectric converter. Instead of a sequential imaging method, the photoelectric converter may use imaging methods such as a method of detecting a difference from a previous image and a method of cutting an image from a continuously recorded image.

[0131] FIG. 6b is a schematic diagram showing an example of an electronic device according to the present embodiment. The electronic device (1200) has a display unit (1201), an operation unit (1202), and a housing (1203). The housing (1203) may have a circuit, a printed circuit board having the circuit, a battery, and a communication unit. The operation unit (1202) may be a button or a touch panel type response unit. The operation unit (1202) may be, for example, a biometric recognition unit configured to unlock by recognizing a fingerprint. An electronic device having a communication unit may be called a communication device. The electronic device may have a lens and an image element and may further have a camera function. An image captured by the camera function is displayed on the display unit. Examples of electronic devices include smartphones and laptop computers.

[0132] FIGS. 7a and FIGS. 7b are schematic diagrams illustrating examples of display devices according to the present embodiment, respectively. FIG. 7a shows a display device such as a television monitor or a PC monitor. The display device (1300) has a frame (1301) and a display section (1302). A light-emitting element according to the present embodiment may be used in the display section (1302).

[0133] The display device (1300) further has a base (1303) that supports the frame (1301) and the display unit (1302). The base (1303) is not limited to the shape shown in FIG. 7a. The lower side of the frame (1301) may serve as the base.

[0134] The frame (1301) and the display part (1302) may be bent. The radius of curvature may be 5000mm or more and 6000mm or less.

[0135] FIG. 7b is a schematic diagram showing another example of a display device according to the present embodiment. The display device (1310) illustrated in FIG. 7b is configured to be foldable and is a so-called foldable display device. The display device (1310) has a first display part (1311), a second display part (1312), a housing (1313), and a bending point (1314). Each of the first display part (1311) and the second display part (1312) may have a light-emitting element according to the embodiment. The first display part (1311) and the second display part (1312) may be a single display device without seams. The first display part (1311) and the second display part (1312) may be separated at the bending point. The first display part (1311) and the second display part (1312) may each display different images. Alternatively, one image may be displayed on the set of the first display part (1311) and the second display part (1312).

[0136] FIG. 8a is a schematic diagram showing an example of a lighting device according to the present embodiment. The lighting device (1400) may include a housing (1401), a light source (1402), a circuit board (1403), an optical film (1404), and a light diffusion section (1405). The light source may include an organic light-emitting element according to the present embodiment. The optical filter may be a filter that improves the color rendering of the light source. The light diffusion section (1405) can effectively diffuse light emitted from the light source so that light can reach a wide range, for example, for lighting. The optical filter and the light diffusion section may be installed on the light-emitting side of the lighting. If necessary, a cover may be installed on the outermost part.

[0137] A lighting device is, for example, a device that illuminates an interior. The lighting device may emit light having a color such as white, cool white, or other colors ranging from blue to red. The lighting device may have a dimming circuit configured to dim such light.

[0138] The lighting device may have an organic light-emitting element according to the present invention and a power circuit connected to the organic light-emitting element. The power circuit is a circuit configured to convert an alternating current voltage into a direct current voltage. White is a color having a color temperature of 4200K, and cool white is a color having a color temperature of 5000K. The lighting device may have a color filter.

[0139] The lighting device according to the present embodiment may have a heat dissipation member. The heat dissipation member releases heat from inside the device to the outside of the device. The heat dissipation member may be formed, for example, of a metal or liquid silicon with high specific heat.

[0140] FIG. 8b is a schematic diagram of a vehicle, which is an example of a moving body according to the present embodiment. The vehicle has a taillight, which is a non-limiting example of a lighting fixture. The vehicle (1500) has a taillight (1501), and the taillight (1501) lights up, for example, when the brake is applied.

[0141] The taillight (1501) may have an organic light-emitting element according to the present embodiment. The taillight may have a protective member that protects the organic EL element. The protective member may be formed of any material that is transparent and has appropriately high strength, and may be composed of polycarbonate, etc. Polycarbonate may be mixed with furandicarboxylic acid derivatives, acrylonitrile derivatives, etc.

[0142] The vehicle (1500) may have a vehicle body (1503) and a window (1502) installed on the vehicle body (1503). The window may be a transparent display, unless it is a window for checking the front and rear of the vehicle. This transparent display may have an organic light-emitting element according to the present embodiment. In this case, the constituent materials, such as the electrodes of the organic light-emitting element, are formed of a transparent material.

[0143] The mobile body according to the present embodiment may be, for example, a ship, an aircraft, or a drone. The mobile body may have a body and a lighting fixture installed on the body. The lighting fixture may emit light to indicate the position of the body. The lighting fixture has an organic light-emitting element according to the present embodiment.

[0144] Referring to FIGS. 9a and 9b, examples of applications of a display device according to each embodiment will be described. The display device can be applied to a wearable system such as smart glasses, a head-mounted display (HMD), and a smart contact lens. The imaging display device used in such examples of applications comprises an imaging device capable of photoelectric conversion of visible light and a display device capable of emitting visible light.

[0145] FIG. 9a shows glasses (1600) (smart glasses) according to an application example. An imaging device (1602), such as a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) sensor or a single-photon avalanche photodiode (SPAD), is installed on the front side of the lens (1601) of the glasses (1600). A display device according to each of the above embodiments is installed on the back side of the lens (1601).

[0146] The glasses (1600) further comprise a control device (1603). The control device (1603) functions as a power source that supplies power to the imaging device (1602) and the display device according to the present embodiment. The control device (1603) controls the operation of the imaging device (1602) and the display device. An optical system for concentrating light on the imaging device (1602) is formed in the lens (1601).

[0147] FIG. 9b shows glasses (1610) (smart glasses) according to an application example. The glasses (1610) have a control device (1612). The control device (1612) has an imaging device corresponding to the imaging device 1602 and a display device. An optical system for projecting light from the imaging device and display device of the control device (1612) is formed in the lens (1611), and an image is projected onto the lens (1611). The control device (1612) functions as a power source that supplies power to the imaging device and display device, and controls the operation of the imaging device and display device. The control device may have a gaze detection unit that detects the wearer's gaze. Infrared light may be used for gaze detection. The infrared light emitting unit generates infrared light into the eye of a user who is looking at a displayed image. Infrared light generated by the eye is reflected, and the reflected light is detected by an imaging unit having a light receiving element, thereby providing an image of the eye. In a plan view, a reduction unit is installed to reduce the light from the infrared emitting unit to the display unit, thereby reducing the degradation of image quality.

[0148] The user's gaze toward the display image is detected from an image of the eye captured by infrared light. Any known method can be applied to gaze detection using an image of the eye. As a non-limiting example, a gaze detection method based on a pulquinie image formed by the reflection of illumination light onto the cornea can be used.

[0149] More specifically, gaze detection processing based on the pupil-corneal reflection method is performed. By using the pupil-corneal reflection method, a gaze vector representing the direction (rotation angle) of the eyeball is calculated based on the image of the pupil and the image of the pulquinie included in the image of the eyeball, thereby detecting the user's gaze.

[0150] A display device according to one embodiment of the present invention may have an imaging device having a light receiving element, and may control the display image of the display device based on user's gaze information from the imaging device.

[0151] Specifically, the display device determines a first field of view area that the user is looking at and a second field of view area other than the first field of view area based on gaze information. The first field of view area and the second field of view area may be determined by the control device of the display device, or determined by receiving information determined by an external control device. In the display area of ​​the display device, the display resolution of the first field of view area may be controlled to be higher than the display resolution of the second field of view area. That is, the resolution of the second field of view area may be controlled to be lower than the resolution of the first field of view area.

[0152] The display area comprises a first display area and a second display area distinct from the first display area. Based on line-of-sight information, a higher priority area is determined from the first display area and the second display area. The first display area and the second display area may be determined by the control device of the display device or by receiving determinations made by an external control device. The resolution of the high priority area may be controlled to be higher than the resolution of the area other than the high priority area. In other words, the resolution of the relatively low priority area may be controlled to be lower.

[0153] The first field of view or high-priority area may be determined by artificial intelligence (AI). The AI ​​may be a model configured to estimate the angle of gaze and the distance to an object placed in the direction of gaze from an image of the eye, using an image of the eye and the actual direction of gaze of the eye in this image as teacher data. The AI ​​program may be stored in a display device, an imaging device, or an external device. When the AI ​​program is stored in an external device, the AI ​​program is transmitted to the display device via communication.

[0154] When controlling the display based on visual detection, smart glasses having an additional imaging device for capturing the external environment can be applied. The smart glasses can display the captured external information in real time.

[0155] As described above, by using a device that uses an organic light-emitting element according to the present embodiment, high-quality images can be stably displayed even for a long period of time.

[0156] According to the present invention, by reducing the components contained in the developer, a highly reliable organic light-emitting device can be provided.

[0157] Although the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it is obvious that the invention is not limited to these embodiments. The scope of protection of the following claims shall be interpreted as broadly as possible to encompass all variations, equivalent structures, and functions.

Claims

Claim 1 A color filter layer—composed of a resin curable at 100°C or lower—has an insulating layer, a first organic light-emitting element and a second organic light-emitting element disposed on the main surface of the insulating layer, a first color filter superimposed on the first organic light-emitting element in a planar view and transmitting light having a first wavelength, and a second color filter superimposed on the second organic light-emitting element and transmitting light having a second wavelength different from the first wavelength, wherein each of the first color filter and the second color filter has a first surface facing each of the first organic light-emitting element and the second organic light-emitting element, and a second surface opposite to the first surface, wherein the difference between the distance from the first surface of the first color filter to the insulating layer in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the insulating layer and the distance from the first surface of the second color filter to the insulating layer in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the insulating layer is the difference between the distance from the second surface of the first color filter to the insulating layer in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the insulating layer and the difference in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the insulating layer An organic light-emitting device having a difference in distance from the second surface of the second color filter to the insulating layer that is smaller than the difference in distance, and an organic alkali having nitrogen atoms and hydroxyl groups contained in the color filter layer that is greater than 0 ng / cm² and less than 108.2 ng / cm². Claim 2 An organic light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the organic alkali is tetramethylammonium hydroxide. Claim 3 An organic light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the organic alkali is 40 ng / ㎠ or less. Claim 4 An organic light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the organic alkali is 10 ng / ㎠ or less. Claim 5 An organic light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the organic alkali is 0.08 ng / ㎠ or higher. Claim 6 An organic light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein the organic layer included in the first organic light-emitting element is composed of an organic compound having a glass transition temperature of 100°C or higher. Claim 7 An organic light-emitting device according to claim 1, further comprising a lens for concentrating light emission from the first organic light-emitting element, wherein the lens is positioned toward the second surface of the first color filter. Claim 8 In claim 7, an organic light-emitting device having a protective member with a hollow structure interposed over the lens. Claim 9 An organic light-emitting device according to claim 1, having a moisture-permeable protective layer between the first organic light-emitting element and the color filter layer. Claim 10 An organic light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein a resin layer is disposed on the first color filter and the second color filter, and the resin layer is disposed between the first color filter and the second color filter. Claim 11 An organic light-emitting device according to claim 10, further comprising a third color filter that transmits light having a third wavelength different from the first wavelength and the second wavelength, wherein the resin layer is disposed on the third color filter and the resin layer is disposed between the first color filter and the third color filter. Claim 12 An organic light-emitting device according to claim 11, wherein the first color filter, the second color filter, and the third color filter are arranged in a delta configuration. Claim 13 A display device having a plurality of pixels, wherein at least one of the plurality of pixels has an organic light-emitting device as described in any one of claims 1 to 12 and a transistor connected to the organic light-emitting device. Claim 14 An imaging device having an optical unit having a plurality of lenses, an imaging element receiving light that has passed through the optical unit, and a display unit displaying an image captured by the imaging element, wherein the display unit has an organic light-emitting device as described in any one of claims 1 to 12. Claim 15 An electronic device having a display unit having an organic light-emitting device as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, a housing in which the display unit is installed, and a communication unit disposed inside the housing and communicating with the outside. Claim 16 A method for manufacturing an organic light-emitting device, comprising the steps of forming an organic light-emitting element on the main surface of an insulating layer and forming a color filter layer—composed of a resin curable at 100°C or lower—on the organic light-emitting element, wherein the step of forming the color filter layer comprises the step of applying a resin to the organic light-emitting element and the step of developing the resin using a developer having nitrogen atoms and hydroxyl groups, and wherein the manufacturing method further comprises the step of reducing the developer after the developing step until the concentration of the organic alkali having nitrogen atoms and hydroxyl groups contained in the color filter layer is greater than 0 ng / cm² and less than 108.2 ng / cm². Claim 17 In claim 16, the step of reducing the developer solution is a cleaning method using a liquid containing 80% or more pure water. Claim 18 A method for manufacturing an organic light-emitting device according to claim 16, wherein, after the step of reducing the developer solution, the step of heating the color filter layer is performed at a temperature lower than the glass transition temperature of the organic compound constituting the organic layer included in the organic light-emitting device when heating the color filter layer. Claim 19 A method for manufacturing an organic light-emitting device according to claim 16, wherein, after the step of reducing the developer solution, the step of heating the color filter layer is performed at a temperature lower than the decomposition temperature of the developer solution when heating the color filter layer. Claim 20 A method for manufacturing an organic light-emitting device according to any one of claims 16 to 19, comprising the step of forming a lens that concentrates light emission from the organic light-emitting element on the color filter layer. Claim 21 A method for manufacturing an organic light-emitting device according to claim 20, wherein a protective member is installed on the lens with a gap interposed therebetween. Claim 22 delete Claim 23 delete Claim 24 delete

Images