Electric vehicle fire suppression system

Abstract

An electric vehicle fire suppression system is disclosed. An electric vehicle fire suppression system according to an embodiment of the present invention is an electric vehicle fire suppression system installed in an electric vehicle parking space within a building and operated independently from a fire alarm panel within the building, comprising: a fire detection unit that detects the temperature and smoke around the electric vehicle parking space in real time to detect whether a fire has occurred; a P-type receiver that determines whether a fire has occurred based on data transmitted from the fire detection unit and controls the operation of a warning output unit and a sprinkler operation unit; a warning output unit that operates by a control signal transmitted from the P-type receiver to output a preset visual warning signal and an auditory warning signal; and a sprinkler operation unit that is mounted on the floor surface of the electric vehicle parking space and sprays fire extinguishing water supplied from the outside onto the floor surface of the electric vehicle.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an electric vehicle fire suppression system, and more specifically, to an electric vehicle fire suppression system that can establish an early warning system through an alarm system by installing a standalone P-type receiver, and can supplement existing fire extinguishing equipment with a standalone detector alarm within 10 seconds, thereby establishing a system optimized for initial fire response. Background Technology

[0002] Conventional in-building fire suppression systems are designed for general fires and feature a structure in which procedures ranging from fire detection to alarms and initial response are carried out in stages centered around a central fire alarm panel. While this structure offers the advantage of enabling a systematic response to fires exceeding a certain scale, it exposes structural limitations in the context of electric vehicle (EV) fires, where immediate automatic response is required at the initial stage. In particular, since EV fires often originate in the lower part of the battery, there is a problem where the speed of flame spread accelerates rapidly if early signs are not detected quickly.

[0003] In conventional technology, fire detection within parking lots typically relies on shared building detectors and control panels. Consequently, localized temperature rises or initial smoke generation beneath electric vehicles are not immediately detected; instead, the central control panel recognizes the event as a fire only when a certain threshold is exceeded. Given the nature of electric vehicle fires, such detection delays are highly likely to lead directly to a failure in initial response.

[0004] Furthermore, existing systems follow a procedure in which, upon receiving an alarm at the central control room, management personnel are dispatched to the site to verify the situation and manually or semi-automatically activate firefighting equipment via the control room. This process inevitably requires human intervention and decision-making time, leading to further delays in response during late-night hours or when personnel shortages occur. In situations where a split-second initial response is critical, such as with electric vehicle fires, this procedure-centric structure acts as a fatal weakness.

[0005] Fire extinguishing systems based on conventional technology are primarily composed of ceiling sprinklers or wall-mounted fire hydrants. While such systems can be effective to a certain extent once flames have spread upwards, they are unable to provide direct extinguishing effects for fires occurring beneath electric vehicle batteries. In particular, there is a structural problem in that extinguishing water cannot sufficiently reach thermal runaway phenomena occurring in areas adjacent to the floor.

[0006] In the case of electric vehicle (EV) fires, the risk of re-ignition and explosion repeatedly occurs if the initial fire is not controlled due to the nature of the sequential heat transfer between internal battery cells. Conventional technology fails to adequately reflect these unique characteristics of EV battery fires and currently applies the same response systems as those used for general vehicle fires. Consequently, problems arise where prolonged cooling operations or additional safety measures are required even after the fire is extinguished.

[0007] Furthermore, existing fire alarm systems are designed to cover the entire building, limiting their ability to provide precise alerts for specific parking areas or individual electric vehicles. This leads to problems where widespread alarms are triggered regardless of the actual location of the fire, or conversely, initial abnormal conditions in specific areas are masked and fail to trigger an alarm. Such lack of precision in alarms can cause unnecessary confusion or result in missed opportunities for early response.

[0008] In conventional technology, fire detection and fire suppression control are dependent on a single system, raising concerns that the electric vehicle (EV) fire response function could be paralyzed in the event of a failure in the entire building system. Particularly in aging buildings or parking lots with repeated facility expansions, the processing capacity and reliability of existing fire alarm panels fail to meet the required standards for EV fire response. This is emerging as an increasingly serious safety issue as the adoption of EVs expands.

[0009] Even when attempting to install separate fire response systems dedicated to electric vehicles, conventional technology faces difficulties in practical application due to issues such as interoperability with existing building firefighting systems, a lack of legal standards, and construction complexity. Consequently, despite recognizing the fire risks associated with electric vehicles, many buildings remain stuck with temporary responses relying on existing equipment. In such environments, it is difficult to fundamentally prevent the spread of damage in the event of a fire.

[0010] Furthermore, conventional technology focuses on response after a fire occurs, failing to adequately implement concepts for preemptive response at the fire indication stage or automated initial suppression. For fire types exhibiting rapid thermal runaway characteristics, such as electric vehicle fires, automatic response within seconds prior to or immediately after the fire occurs is essential; however, existing systems fail to meet these requirements.

[0011] As such, conventional technology has structural and operational limitations that fail to adequately reflect the characteristics of electric vehicle fires, the speed of initial spread, fire patterns centered on the bottom of the battery, and the need for a rapid and independent response. Recognizing these problems of conventional technology, the present invention aims to effectively respond to electric vehicle fires in their early stages through an independent electric vehicle fire detection and rapid suppression structure separated from the building's shared fire system. Prior art literature

[0012] Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2898266 (Registration Date: December 05, 2025) The problem to be solved

[0013] The present invention aims to solve the problem of delayed initial response caused by existing building-common fire alarm panels and manpower-centered response procedures when a fire occurs in an electric vehicle parking space within a building. In particular, there are limitations in that initial signs of a localized fire occurring at the bottom of the electric vehicle battery cannot be detected quickly, and even after the fire is detected, it is difficult to suppress the spread of the fire due to on-site verification and manual operation processes. Accordingly, the present invention aims to provide an electric vehicle fire suppression system capable of detecting an electric vehicle fire within 10 seconds and responding immediately through an early warning and automatic sprinkler structure based on a standalone P-type receiver that operates independently of the building's common system. means of solving the problem

[0014] An electric vehicle fire suppression system according to one aspect of the present invention for achieving such objectives may be configured to include: a fire detection unit that detects the temperature and smoke around the electric vehicle parking area in real time to detect whether a fire has occurred; a P-type receiver that determines whether a fire has occurred based on data transmitted from the fire detection unit and controls the operation of a warning output unit and a sprinkler operation unit; a warning output unit that operates by means of a control signal transmitted from the P-type receiver to output a preset visual warning signal and an auditory warning signal; and a sprinkler operation unit that is mounted on the floor surface of the electric vehicle parking area and sprays fire extinguishing water supplied from the outside onto the floor surface of the electric vehicle.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the fire detection unit may be configured to include: a floor temperature detection module mounted on the floor surface of an electric vehicle parking space and detecting the temperature of the lower surface of the electric vehicle and the lower surface of the electric vehicle battery in real time; an upper smoke detection module mounted on the upper surface of the electric vehicle parking space and detecting smoke generated from the electric vehicle parked in the electric vehicle parking space in real time; and an electric vehicle monitoring module mounted on the upper surface of the electric vehicle parking space and capturing images of the electric vehicle parking space and the parked electric vehicle in real time.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the P-type receiver may be configured to include: a data collection module that collects data transmitted from the floor temperature detection module, the upper smoke detection module, and the electric vehicle monitoring module, organizes it according to a preset format, and stores it together with time data; a fire occurrence determination module that determines whether a fire has occurred based on the data collected from the data collection module according to preset fire occurrence determination criteria; and a rapid control module that controls the operation of a warning output unit and a sprinkler operation unit according to a preset program based on the result determined by the fire occurrence determination module.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the warning output unit may comprise: a visual warning output module mounted at an electric vehicle parking location and a preset location, which operates by a control signal transmitted from a rapid control module to output a preset visual warning signal; an auditory warning output module mounted at an electric vehicle parking location and a preset location, which operates by a control signal transmitted from a rapid control module to output a preset auditory warning signal; and a current status sharing module that transmits data regarding the operating status of the visual warning output module and the auditory warning output module to a central control center within a building and an operator's smart device, and stops or controls the operation of the visual warning output module and the auditory warning output module by a control signal transmitted from a central control sensor within the building or an operator's smart device.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sprinkler operating unit may comprise: a floor-embedded piping unit installed in a form embedded in the center of the floor of each parking space of an electric vehicle parking location, forming a planar rectangular piping line corresponding to the floor surface of the electric vehicle, and forming a flow line capable of flowing fire extinguishing water supplied from the outside toward the floor surface of the electric vehicle; fire extinguishing water spray nozzles mounted on the floor-embedded piping unit and arranged in multiple numbers spaced apart at a certain interval, having a structure for spraying fire extinguishing water delivered through the floor-embedded piping unit toward the floor surface of the electric vehicle; and an electronic shut-off valve mounted on a piping line communicating with the floor-embedded piping unit, which receives a control signal from a P-type receiver to open or close the piping line. Effects of the invention

[0019] According to the electric vehicle fire suppression system of the present invention, a fire detection unit installed at an electric vehicle parking location collects real-time temperature of the electric vehicle's underside, smoke from above, and video information, and an independent Type P receiver immediately analyzes this data to rapidly determine whether a fire has occurred. Consequently, visual and auditory warnings can be automatically output at the initial stage of a fire without the need for a building's shared fire alarm panel or human intervention, thereby significantly improving the speed of awareness for on-site users and managers. Furthermore, by spraying extinguishing water directly onto the underside of the electric vehicle battery through a floor-embedded sprinkler structure, thermal runaway at the bottom, a characteristic of electric vehicle fires, can be effectively suppressed. Moreover, the present invention can be applied to complement existing firefighting equipment rather than replacing it, thereby significantly improving electric vehicle fire response performance without requiring additional large-scale equipment modifications. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0020] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an electric vehicle fire suppression system according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of an electric vehicle fire suppression system according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the state in which an electric vehicle fire suppression system according to one embodiment of the present invention is installed in an electric vehicle parking space. FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a fire response process using an electric vehicle fire suppression system according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an electric vehicle fire suppression system according to one embodiment of the present invention. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0021] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Prior to this, terms and words used in this specification and claims should not be interpreted as being limited to their ordinary or dictionary meanings, but should be interpreted in a meaning and concept consistent with the technical spirit of the present invention.

[0022] Throughout this specification, when it is stated that one component is located "on" another component, this includes not only cases where one component is in contact with another component, but also cases where another component exists between the two components. Throughout this specification, when it is stated that a part "includes" a component, this means that, unless specifically stated otherwise, it does not exclude other components but may include additional components.

[0023] FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a configuration showing an electric vehicle fire suppression system according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a configuration showing an electric vehicle fire suppression system according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram showing a state in which an electric vehicle fire suppression system according to one embodiment of the present invention is installed in an electric vehicle parking place, FIG. 4 shows a flowchart showing a fire response process using an electric vehicle fire suppression system according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 shows a block diagram showing an electric vehicle fire suppression system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Referring to these drawings, the electric vehicle fire suppression system (100) according to the present invention is equipped with a fire detection unit (110) of a specific structure, a P-type receiver (120), a warning output unit (130), and a sprinkler operation unit (140), thereby enabling the establishment of an early warning system through an alarm system by installing a standalone P-type receiver, and can provide an electric vehicle fire suppression system that is optimized for initial fire response by supplementing existing fire extinguishing equipment with a standalone detector alarm within 10 seconds.

[0025] Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5, each component constituting the electric vehicle fire suppression system (100) according to the present invention will be described in detail.

[0026] Detailed description of the fire detection unit (110)

[0027] The fire detection unit (110) is a key component for rapidly detecting initial signs of a fire that may occur in an electric vehicle parking area, and is designed based on a composite detection structure that takes into account the characteristics of electric vehicle fire occurrence. The fire detection unit (110) is configured to simultaneously detect physical changes occurring in the lower and upper parts of the electric vehicle, rather than relying on a single detection means as in conventional technology. As a result, it is possible to recognize initial signs of a fire that starts locally in the lower part of the electric vehicle battery without missing them.

[0028] The fire detection unit (110) can be installed independently in each electric vehicle parking space, so it is not dependent on the building's overall fire detection system and directly detects abnormal conditions occurring in individual parking spaces. This is a structural improvement to the problem in conventional technology where initial abnormal signals are delayed or omitted because they are buried by the signal of a shared detector. This independent detection structure enables early detection of electric vehicle fires.

[0029] In addition, the fire detection unit (110) is configured to simultaneously consider the battery thermal runaway phenomenon, which is a major cause of electric vehicle fires, and the accompanying smoke generation. This provides basic data that allows for a comprehensive assessment of the situation even when only a temperature rise occurs or only smoke is generated. This complements the limitations of conventional technology, which resulted in false alarms or missed actual fires due to single-condition judgment.

[0030] The fire detection unit (110) is configured to transmit all detected data to the P-type receiver (120) without delay, based on real-time detection. This allows for rapid determination of whether a fire has occurred and subsequent control, and minimizes the time gap between detection and determination. This structure plays an important role in shortening the initial fire response time.

[0031] As a result, the fire detection unit (110) solves the problems of detection delay and detection blind spots of conventional technology through a composite detection structure that considers the location, pattern, and spread characteristics of electric vehicle fires, and provides a stable fire detection environment specialized for electric vehicle parking spaces.

[0032] Detailed description of the floor temperature detection module (111)

[0033] The floor temperature detection module (111) is configured to be mounted on the floor surface of the electric vehicle parking area to directly detect the temperature of the bottom of the electric vehicle and the bottom surface of the battery. Since electric vehicle fires mostly have the characteristic of starting with heat accumulation in the bottom of the battery, direct temperature detection at this location is very important for early fire detection. The floor temperature detection module (111) is designed to reflect this characteristic.

[0034] In conventional technology, it was common to detect indirect temperature changes through temperature sensors installed on the ceiling or walls. However, this method has a problem in that it cannot immediately reflect the initial thermal runaway phenomenon occurring in the lower part of the electric vehicle. The floor temperature detection module (111) fundamentally improves this structural limitation by detecting the temperature at a location close to the lower part of the electric vehicle.

[0035] The floor temperature detection module (111) can be implemented as a floor-embedded structure or a floor surface exposed structure, and can be applied in various ways depending on the parking lot construction environment and maintenance conditions. At this time, it has a structure that takes into account durability and stability so that malfunctions do not occur due to environmental factors such as vehicle load, external impact, and moisture.

[0036] In addition, the floor temperature detection module (111) is designed to maintain temperature measurement accuracy even during long-term operation and can continuously detect even minute temperature changes occurring under a parked vehicle. This allows for the early detection of abnormal temperature rises prior to the occurrence of a fire.

[0037] This floor temperature detection module (111) serves as a key means to detect thermal runaway occurring at the bottom of the electric vehicle battery at an early stage, and effectively resolves the blind spot in bottom detection that was pointed out as a problem in conventional technology.

[0038] Detailed description of the upper smoke detection module (112)

[0039] The upper smoke detection module (112) is mounted above the electric vehicle parking area and configured to detect smoke generated from the electric vehicle in real time. Even if the smoke generation from an electric vehicle fire is weak in the initial stage, the internal reaction proceeds rapidly, and a large amount of smoke is generated within a short period of time. The upper smoke detection module (112) takes these characteristics into account and quickly detects the initial smoke generation.

[0040] Conventional smoke detectors used in the prior art are designed for large spaces and often fail to immediately reflect localized smoke changes occurring in specific vehicles. In contrast, the upper smoke detection module (112) can be installed subdivided into electric vehicle parking spaces or zones, allowing for more precise detection of smoke originating from specific electric vehicles.

[0041] The upper smoke detection module (112) is positioned considering the upper airflow and smoke diffusion characteristics of the electric vehicle parking space, and can continuously monitor even minute changes in smoke concentration. Through this, signs of fire can be detected even before the flames are exposed to the outside.

[0042] In addition, the upper smoke detection module (112) is used in conjunction with the floor temperature detection module (111), thereby enabling fire detection that simultaneously considers complex conditions such as temperature rise and smoke generation. This significantly improves the reliability of fire detection compared to conventional technology that relied on a single detection signal.

[0043] As a result, the upper smoke detection module (112) quickly and accurately detects the initial smoke generation of an electric vehicle fire, thereby reducing false alarms while enabling an immediate response to actual fires, and thus provides the effect of improving the overall reliability and stability of the electric vehicle fire detection system.

[0044] Detailed description of the electric vehicle monitoring module (113)

[0045] The electric vehicle monitoring module (113) is a component for visually confirming signs of fire by capturing video of the electric vehicle parking location and the condition of the parked electric vehicle in real time. Beyond the purpose of simple monitoring, the electric vehicle monitoring module (113) performs a role in supplementing the reliability of fire judgment by combining with temperature and smoke information collected through the fire detection unit (110). Since abnormal signs that can be visually confirmed often appear only in limited numbers during the initial stages of an electric vehicle fire, video-based information serves as an important auxiliary means for situational awareness.

[0046] The electric vehicle monitoring module (113) is installed on the upper or side of the electric vehicle parking space and positioned to capture the lower area of ​​the parked electric vehicle, the area around the vehicle body, and the entire parking space. This allows for intuitive identification of the location of smoke generation, the direction of smoke diffusion, and whether flames are generated, thereby complementing situations where it was difficult to make judgments based solely on detection signals in conventional technology. The electric vehicle monitoring module (113) can be installed independently on a parking space basis, allowing for clear identification of abnormal situations occurring in a specific electric vehicle.

[0047] In addition, the electric vehicle monitoring module (113) continuously provides on-site conditions even after determining whether a fire has occurred, thereby being used to check the fire suppression status after the operation of the warning output unit (130) and the sprinkler operation unit (140). This has the effect of reducing the inconvenience of having to dispatch personnel directly to the site to check after fire suppression in conventional technology. The video information provided through the electric vehicle monitoring module (113) can be transmitted to a central control center or an operator's smart device.

[0048] The electric vehicle monitoring module (113) serves as an auxiliary means rather than a direct sensor for fire detection, contributing to preventing unnecessary spraying operations or the spread of alarms in the event of a false alarm. For example, even if a temperature rise or smoke detection is caused by external factors, the actual presence of a fire can be further verified through video information. This structure alleviates the operational burden caused by false alarms, which were frequently pointed out as a problem in conventional technology.

[0049] As a result, the electric vehicle monitoring module (113) visually complements the occurrence of an electric vehicle fire, improves the reliability of judgments based on detection data, and supports situation awareness throughout the entire fire response process, thereby enhancing the overall completeness of the electric vehicle fire suppression system.

[0050] Detailed description of the P-type receiver (120)

[0051] The P-type receiver (120) is a core control device that determines whether a fire has occurred based on various detection data transmitted from the fire detection unit (110) and controls the operation of the warning output unit (130) and the sprinkler operation unit (140). The P-type receiver (120) is configured to operate independently from the building's common fire control panel, thereby fundamentally resolving the response delay caused by passing through the central control panel, which was pointed out as a problem in conventional technology. This independent structure enables a rapid response specialized for electric vehicle fires.

[0052] The P-type receiver (120) is configured to receive data transmitted from the floor temperature detection module (111), the upper smoke detection module (112), and the electric vehicle monitoring module (113) in real time, and to comprehensively analyze the trend of change in each data. Through this, complex fire judgments can be made without relying on a single sensor signal, and the possibility of false alarms can be reduced compared to conventional technology.

[0053] In addition, the P-type receiver (120) is programmed to immediately control warning output and sprinkler operation without separate human intervention after determining that a fire has occurred. This improves upon the limitations of conventional technology, which relied on on-site verification and manual operation by management personnel after a fire occurred, and enables automatic response within seconds after the fire occurs.

[0054] The P-type receiver (120) can be installed at the unit of electric vehicle parking area or zone, so that the electric vehicle fire response function can be maintained even in the event of a failure in the entire building system. This structure effectively prevents the problem in conventional technology where a failure of the central receiver leads to the loss of the entire fire response function.

[0055] As a result, the P-type receiver (120) is an independent control center device specialized for electric vehicle fires, and by simultaneously securing speed, reliability, and automation, it comprehensively solves the problems of response delay and operational complexity of conventional technology.

[0056] Detailed description of the data collection module (121)

[0057] The data collection module (121) is a component for systematically managing data transmitted from the floor temperature detection module (111), the upper smoke detection module (112), and the electric vehicle monitoring module (113). Considering that each detection data has a different form and period, the data collection module (121) is configured to organize the data into a preset format and store it along with time information.

[0058] The data collection module (121) does not merely serve the role of transmitting data, but also provides basic data that can identify abnormal conditions prior to a fire by managing the cumulative change trend of the detection data. This is a differentiating feature from the conventional method of determining a fire based only on a single detection signal.

[0059] In addition, the data collection module (121) is configured based on a real-time data processing structure so that detection data is transmitted to the fire occurrence judgment module (122) without delay. This minimizes the time gap from detection to judgment and allows for effective response to the rapid spread characteristics of electric vehicle fires.

[0060] The data stored in the data collection module (121) can also be used for cause analysis, system inspection, and operation history management after a fire occurs. This improves upon the problem in conventional technology where it was difficult to obtain accurate data after a fire occurs, and can be used as basic data for preventing recurring fire accidents.

[0061] Consequently, the data collection module (121) serves as a key component that supports reliable management and rapid judgment of electric vehicle fire detection data, and plays a role in substantially improving the level of automation and operational stability of the electric vehicle fire suppression system.

[0062] Detailed explanation of the fire occurrence judgment module (122)

[0063] The fire occurrence determination module (122) is a core determination component that determines whether a fire has occurred by comprehensively analyzing floor temperature, smoke detection information, and electric vehicle monitoring data organized by the data collection module (121). Unlike conventional technology that determines a fire based solely on whether a single detection value is exceeded, the fire occurrence determination module (122) is designed to consider the correlation between multiple detection data and the pattern of change over time. Through this, initial signs of an electric vehicle fire can be identified more reliably.

[0064] The fire occurrence judgment module (122) recognizes a high probability of fire occurrence when the temperature rise occurring at the bottom of the electric vehicle battery persists for a certain period of time or when the temperature rise and smoke generation are detected simultaneously. This judgment method contributes to reducing the problem of mistaking temporary abnormal signals caused by instantaneous environmental changes or external factors for a fire. This is an element that improves upon the limitations of conventional technology, which frequently caused unnecessary equipment operation due to false alarms.

[0065] In addition, the fire occurrence judgment module (122) is configured to be based on a preset fire judgment standard, but to subdivide or adjust the judgment standard according to the parking environment, operating conditions, electric vehicle parking pattern, etc. Through this, stable fire judgment is possible in various environments such as underground parking lots, mechanical parking lots, and open parking lots. This has the effect of supplementing the judgment structure that was vulnerable to environmental changes in conventional technology.

[0066] The fire occurrence judgment module (122) immediately transmits the judgment result to the rapid control module (123) to prevent unnecessary delay between fire judgment and subsequent control. This structure plays an important role in shortening the time from fire detection to actual response to within a few seconds. Considering the rapid spread characteristics of electric vehicle fires, this judgment speed has a direct impact on reducing fire damage.

[0067] As a result, the fire occurrence judgment module (122) overcomes the limitations of the simple threshold judgment method of conventional technology through a precise judgment structure based on complex data, and functions as a key judgment device that enables a rapid and accurate response in the early stages of an electric vehicle fire.

[0068] Detailed description of the rapid control module (123)

[0069] The rapid control module (123) is a control-centered component that automatically controls the operation of the warning output unit (130) and the sprinkler operation unit (140) based on the judgment result transmitted from the fire occurrence judgment module (122). The rapid control module (123) is designed to output a control signal immediately after the fire occurrence is determined, without human intervention or additional approval procedures. This fundamentally improves the problem of response delay that occurred in conventional technology due to manual operation or stepwise approval procedures after fire detection.

[0070] The rapid control module (123) is configured to control the warning output and water spray operation simultaneously or sequentially depending on the fire situation. For example, it can be set to immediately start water spraying along with the warning output during the initial fire stage, and can be operated by expanding the range of water spraying when fire spread is detected. This flexible control structure enables effective response to various fire situations.

[0071] In addition, the rapid control module (123) can output a control signal in units of electric vehicle parking spaces or zones, thereby allowing the equipment to be operated only at a specific location where a fire occurred. This contributes to reducing the problem of unnecessary damage caused by the equipment being operated collectively across an entire wide area in the prior art.

[0072] The rapid control module (123) supports the stable operation of the system by recording the history of control signal outputs and continuously monitoring the warning and sprinkler operation status. This allows for the rapid identification of equipment malfunctions or control abnormalities even after a fire response. This has the effect of compensating for the problem where post-management was not systematically carried out in conventional technology.

[0073] As a result, the rapid control module (123) serves as a key control device that directly connects judgment and execution in the electric vehicle fire response process, and plays a role in significantly shortening the response speed and improving the level of automation to minimize electric vehicle fire damage.

[0074] Detailed description of the warning output unit (130)

[0075] The warning output unit (130) is a component that outputs visual and auditory warnings at the electric vehicle parking location and a preset location when a fire is detected, thereby quickly notifying the occurrence of the fire. The warning output unit (130) goes beyond a simple alarm device and plays a role in helping on-site users and managers immediately recognize and respond to dangerous situations. This improves upon the problem of delayed on-site awareness caused by alarm transmission centered on a central receiving panel in conventional technology.

[0076] The warning output unit (130) outputs both visual and auditory warnings, thereby increasing the likelihood of warning recognition even in noisy environments or parking lot environments with limited visibility. This combined warning method complements the limitations of the conventional single warning method, which was effective only under specific conditions.

[0077] In addition, the warning output unit (130) can be configured to output a warning centered on the parking area adjacent to the fire occurrence location, thereby minimizing confusion in areas unrelated to the fire. This contributes to reducing the problems of conventional technology that caused unnecessary evacuation confusion or operational interruptions.

[0078] The warning output unit (130) automatically operates and stops according to the control signal of the rapid control module (123), and can adjust the warning intensity or output method according to the situation at the site or the judgment of the central control center. This enables flexible warning operation tailored to the progress of fire suppression.

[0079] Consequently, the warning output unit (130) maximizes the speed of on-site awareness when an electric vehicle fire occurs and induces initial response actions, thereby effectively resolving the problems of delayed warning delivery and lack of awareness that were pointed out as issues in conventional technology.

[0080] Detailed description of the visual warning output module (131)

[0081] The visual warning output module (131) is a component that outputs a visually recognizable warning signal at the electric vehicle parking location and a preset location when the occurrence of an electric vehicle fire is determined, thereby enabling on-site users and managers to immediately recognize the dangerous situation. The visual warning output module (131) is designed to be clearly identifiable even in underground parking environments where lighting is limited or there is a lot of noise, thereby improving the problem of delayed alarm recognition in conventional technology.

[0082] The visual warning output module (131) can output a warning through various visual expression methods such as lighting, flashing, color change, or pattern change. These methods can be applied differentially depending on whether a fire has occurred and the warning stage, thereby improving the ability to convey the situation compared to conventional technology that relied on a single form of warning. This enables immediate alerting even in the early stages of a fire.

[0083] The visual warning output module (131) can be installed near an electric vehicle parking space, a passageway, a pillar, or an access route, and serves to intuitively guide the location of the fire. This alleviates the problem of confusion at the scene caused by the difficulty in identifying the location of the fire, even though an alarm sounds in the prior art.

[0084] In addition, the visual warning output module (131) is automatically activated and deactivated under the control of the rapid control module (123), and the warning intensity or output pattern can be changed as needed. This enables phased warning operation tailored to the progress of fire suppression.

[0085] As a result, the visual warning output module (131) clearly conveys the fact and location of the electric vehicle fire, thereby resolving the problem of delayed awareness in conventional technology and substantially improving the speed of on-site response.

[0086] Detailed description of the auditory warning output module (132)

[0087] The auditory warning output module (132) is a component that outputs a warning sound when a fire is detected, allowing users and managers within the electric vehicle parking area to immediately recognize the dangerous situation. The auditory warning output module (132) can effectively deliver a warning even in environments where visibility is poor, thereby compensating for the limitations of the structure that relied solely on visual warnings in conventional technology.

[0088] The auditory warning output module (132) is configured to adjust the volume, frequency, and repetition pattern of the warning sound, thereby providing a warning signal that is clearly distinguishable from general announcements or ambient noise. This prevents the problem of the warning sound being drowned out in the event of a fire and allows for intuitive recognition that it is an emergency situation.

[0089] In addition, the auditory warning output module (132) can selectively output a warning sound centered on the area adjacent to the location of the fire, thereby improving the inefficiency of the conventional technology in which a warning sound was emitted uniformly throughout the entire parking lot. This contributes to reducing unnecessary confusion and fear.

[0090] The auditory warning output module (132) is linked with the rapid control module (123) and operates automatically immediately upon the occurrence of a fire. It may be stopped or the warning pattern may be changed depending on the fire suppression situation or the operator's control signal. This enables flexible alarm operation tailored to the situation.

[0091] As a result, the auditory warning output module (132) increases the speed of on-site awareness when an electric vehicle fire occurs and induces rapid evacuation and response actions, thereby effectively solving the problem of insufficient warning transmission that was pointed out as a problem in conventional technology.

[0092] Detailed explanation of the current situation sharing module (133)

[0093] The current status sharing module (133) is a component that transmits the operating status of the visual warning output module (131) and the auditory warning output module (132) and fire-related information to the outside, enabling the central control center and the operator's smart device to understand the situation in real time. The current status sharing module (133) improves upon the limitations of information transmission in conventional technology, which was limited to on-site alarms.

[0094] The current status sharing module (133) transmits information such as the location of the fire, the status of the warning output, and whether the sprinkler is operating in real time, thereby enabling the manager to understand the fire response situation without having to arrive at the site in person. This alleviates the problem of delayed response judgment due to the delay in on-site verification in conventional technology.

[0095] Additionally, the current status sharing module (133) is configured to receive control signals transmitted from the central control center or the operator's smart device, and to stop or control the operation of the visual warning output module (131) and the auditory warning output module (132). This enables remote response to changes in the field situation.

[0096] The current situation sharing module (133) can individually manage situations occurring simultaneously in multiple electric vehicle parking areas, thereby supporting an efficient response even in environments with multiple fire risks resulting from the expansion of electric vehicle adoption. This is a factor that improves the management difficulties that occurred due to the processing limitations of the central system in conventional technology.

[0097] As a result, the current situation sharing module (133) acts as an integrated window that can share and control the fire occurrence situation and the alarm and suppression status in real time, thereby improving the field-dependent response structure of the conventional technology and significantly improving the operational efficiency and response reliability of the electric vehicle fire suppression system.

[0098] Detailed description of the sprinkler operating unit (140)

[0099] The spraying unit (140) is a key suppression component designed to suppress the initial spread of fire by spraying extinguishing water directly onto the floor of the electric vehicle, particularly the bottom of the battery, when an electric vehicle fire occurs. Unlike conventional technology that relies on ceiling sprinklers, the spraying unit (140) is designed to perform direct extinguishing action at the location closest to the point of fire occurrence. This fundamentally improves the response capability to the lower area, which is the main ignition point of an electric vehicle fire.

[0100] The spraying unit (140) is automatically operated by a control signal transmitted from the P-type receiver (120) and is configured to spray extinguishing water immediately without human intervention after a fire is detected. This effectively resolves the problem of delayed response caused by the structure of conventional technology, which relied on on-site verification and manual operation after fire detection. In particular, considering the rapid thermal runaway characteristics of electric vehicle battery fires, this automatic operation structure plays an important role in reducing initial damage.

[0101] In addition, the sprinkler operating unit (140) can be configured to allow individual control on a per-electric vehicle parking space basis, thereby enabling concentrated supply of fire extinguishing water to the underside of a specific electric vehicle where a fire has occurred. This contributes to reducing the problem of unnecessary flooding damage that occurred in conventional technology, where water was sprinkled collectively over the entire parking lot or a wide area.

[0102] The spraying unit (140) is configured to enable not only continuous spraying but also spraying for cooling purposes, taking into account the possibility of battery re-ignition after fire suppression. This allows for mitigating the re-ignition problem unique to electric vehicle fires and ensuring safety after fire suppression.

[0103] As a result, the spraying unit (140) performs the role of significantly improving the effectiveness of electric vehicle fire response by simultaneously solving the lower fire extinguishing limitations and response delay problems of conventional technology through a direct spraying structure that takes into account the ignition location and characteristics of the electric vehicle fire.

[0104] Detailed description of the floor-embedded piping section (141)

[0105] The floor-embedded piping section (141) is installed in a form embedded in the center of the floor of each parking space of an electric vehicle parking area and is a component that forms a flow path to stably supply fire extinguishing water toward the floor surface of the electric vehicle through the sprinkler operating section (140). The floor-embedded piping section (141) is positioned at a location corresponding to the bottom of the electric vehicle battery, so that the fire extinguishing water is directly delivered to the area with the highest probability of fire occurrence.

[0106] The floor-embedded piping section (141) is configured to form a rectangular or equivalent piping line structure in a planar shape, so that fire extinguishing water can be sprayed uniformly across the entire lower part of the electric vehicle. This is an element that improves upon the problems of the conventional technology, where fire extinguishing water was concentrated only at specific points or could not reach some areas.

[0107] In addition, the floor-embedded piping section (141) is designed to secure a sufficient flow rate so that fire extinguishing water supplied from the outside can flow smoothly, and is configured to minimize pressure loss even during prolonged water spraying. Through this, a stable supply of fire extinguishing water is possible during the fire suppression and cooling process.

[0108] The floor-embedded piping section (141) can be formed from a material that ensures durability and corrosion resistance, taking into account vehicle load, parking lot environment, moisture, and foreign matter ingress. In addition, it is constructed with a structure integrated with the floor so as not to obstruct the walking of parking lot users or the movement of vehicles. This structure contributes to reducing the burden of maintenance during long-term operation.

[0109] Consequently, the floor-embedded piping section (141) provides a sprinkler base capable of directly responding to fires in the lower part of the electric vehicle, thereby realizing a lower-centered fire response structure that was overlooked in conventional technology and playing a role in fundamentally improving the stability and reliability of the electric vehicle fire suppression system.

[0110] Detailed description of the fire extinguishing water spray nozzle (142)

[0111] The fire extinguishing water spray nozzle (142) is a key spraying component for suppressing initial fires and rapidly reducing heat accumulation in the lower part of the battery by spraying fire extinguishing water supplied through the floor-embedded pipe section (141) toward the bottom surface of the electric vehicle. Unlike ceiling sprinklers of the prior art, the fire extinguishing water spray nozzle (142) directly targets the lower area of ​​the electric vehicle, where the possibility of fire occurrence is highest, thereby ensuring effective spraying efficiency suitable for the characteristics of electric vehicle fires. Since the fire extinguishing water spray nozzle (142) performs upward spraying from a position close to the bottom surface of the vehicle while the electric vehicle is parked, it can simultaneously provide cooling and suppression effects even before the flames grow upward.

[0112] The fire extinguishing water spray nozzles (142) are arranged in multiple numbers at regular intervals in the floor-embedded piping section (141) so that spray coverage is formed not only at specific points on the floor surface of the electric vehicle but also across the entire lower section. Since the battery pack of the electric vehicle is often arranged along the center of the vehicle floor and thermal runaway can spread rapidly to adjacent cells even if it starts in a specific cell, the fire extinguishing water spray nozzles (142) are designed to form a uniform cooling flow across the entire lower section. The spacing and spraying direction of the fire extinguishing water spray nozzles (142) can be set by considering the size of the parking space, the shape of the electric vehicle's lower section, and the general distribution of the battery pack location, thereby reducing the problem of spraying blind spots that occurred in the prior art.

[0113] The fire extinguishing water spray nozzle (142) may include a protective structure to prevent damage caused by vehicle tire loads or pedestrian movement, while performing upward spraying and being installed in a form integrated with the floor surface. For example, the fire extinguishing water spray nozzle (142) may be installed at a height almost equal to the floor surface, and an impact-resistant cover or grille structure may be placed on the upper part of the nozzle to ensure durability against external forces. In addition, the fire extinguishing water spray nozzle (142) may be designed to minimize the problem of reduced spraying performance due to nozzle contamination, taking into account the inflow of dust, sand, contaminated water, de-icing agent residue, etc., which frequently occur in the parking lot floor environment.

[0114] The fire extinguishing water spray nozzle (142) can adopt various spray patterns in terms of spray shape, such as not only simple upward jet spray but also diffusion spray, linear spray, and porous spray. Since electric vehicle fires are not sufficiently suppressed by simple flame suppression alone and a cooling effect that rapidly lowers the internal heat of the battery is important, the fire extinguishing water spray nozzle (142) can apply a spray pattern that is advantageous for expanding the cooling area rather than physical impact force. In addition, because water may not sufficiently reach the bottom of the battery if it flows only in a specific direction due to the under cover, battery protection plate, and aerodynamic cover installed on the bottom of the electric vehicle, the fire extinguishing water spray nozzle (142) can be configured to form various flow paths through the spray angle or the arrangement of spray ports.

[0115] The fire extinguishing water spray nozzle (142) is linked to the automatic operation of the spraying unit (140) and sprays fire extinguishing water immediately after determining the occurrence of a fire, thereby directly solving the time delay problem caused by the step-by-step response structure of the conventional technology. Since the risk of thermal runaway spread and re-ignition increases rapidly if the spraying of fire extinguishing water is delayed in the initial stage of an electric vehicle fire, the rapid initiation of spraying by the fire extinguishing water spray nozzle (142) and the stable maintenance of spraying are key to the system's effectiveness. Consequently, the fire extinguishing water spray nozzle (142) complements the limitations of ceiling-centered fire extinguishing equipment through a direct spraying structure for fires under the electric vehicle, and provides an effective suppression effect capable of simultaneously achieving initial fire suppression and cooling.

[0116] Detailed description of the electronic shut-off valve (143)

[0117] The electronic shut-off valve (143) is a core control valve component that is installed on a piping line communicating with a floor-embedded piping section (141) and opens or closes the fire extinguishing water supply line according to a control signal transmitted from a P-type receiver (120). The electronic shut-off valve (143) opens the piping line immediately after determining that a fire has occurred, thereby allowing fire extinguishing water to be supplied to the fire extinguishing water spray nozzle (142) without delay, thus fundamentally solving the problem of delayed fire extinguishing water supply caused by human operation or equipment interlocking delays in conventional technology. The electronic shut-off valve (143) can be installed on an electric vehicle parking space unit or zone unit, thereby enabling a structure that selectively supplies fire extinguishing water to a limited location where a fire has occurred.

[0118] The electronic shut-off valve (143) may be structurally designed to ensure reliable operation in a parking lot environment by taking into account pressure changes within the piping, water hammer, and the possibility of sticking out due to prolonged non-use. For example, the electronic shut-off valve (143) may be implemented using a solenoid type, a motor-driven type, or a pilot type, and a suitable driving structure may be selected according to the required flow rate and response speed. Additionally, the electronic shut-off valve (143) is configured to perform periodic inspection drives over a certain period to prevent valve sticking or inoperability in advance. This structure contributes to reducing the operational risk of conventional equipment where suppression fails because the valve does not open in an actual fire situation.

[0119] The electronic shut-off valve (143) can be configured to provide feedback on the open / closed status of the piping line to a P-type receiver (120) or a central control center, thereby providing operational reliability that verifies whether the valve is actually open, rather than simply executing an open command. For example, if a valve position sensor, a flow detection switch, or a pressure detection element is combined with the electronic shut-off valve (143), an abnormal condition where the flow rate is not secured even after an open command can be immediately detected, thereby triggering a warning output or auxiliary measures. This mitigates the problem in conventional technology where an alarm is triggered but it is delayed in confirming whether the fire extinguishing equipment has actually operated.

[0120] The electronic shut-off valve (143) is configured to quickly close the piping line when a fire detection signal is released or when a stop control signal from the operator is input, in order to reduce unnecessary flood damage. In response to electric vehicle fires, initial cooling is important, but if water spraying continues for an unnecessary long time even after the fire is extinguished, secondary damage such as the burden on the parking lot floor drainage, flooding of adjacent vehicles, and contamination of equipment may occur. To reduce these operational problems, the electronic shut-off valve (143) may have functional expandability such as water spraying time control, stepwise flow rate control, or zone selection control.

[0121] The electronic shut-off valve (143) can be operated independently regardless of whether it is linked with existing building firefighting equipment, thus contributing to maintaining the fire suppression function of the electric vehicle parking space even in the event of a central control panel failure or inspection of shared facilities. In addition, the electronic shut-off valve (143) can be operated with the same control logic even when distributed across multiple parking spaces, making it easy to expand the system when the electric vehicle parking space is expanded or facilities are added. As a result, the electronic shut-off valve (143) performs the opening and closing of the fire extinguishing water supply quickly and stably, thereby simultaneously improving the slow initial response and non-selective spraying problems of conventional technology and increasing the effectiveness and operational efficiency of the electric vehicle fire suppression system.

[0122] As explained above, according to the electric vehicle fire suppression system of the present invention, unlike conventional technology that relied on a building's shared fire alarm panel, a standalone Type P receiver operated independently in an electric vehicle parking space is applied, thereby simplifying the path from fire detection to judgment and fundamentally eliminating delay factors. Accordingly, the problem of initial response delays occurring in the existing step-by-step response structure, which involved passing through a central alarm panel, receiving reports at the fire control room, and dispatching personnel, is effectively resolved.

[0123] Furthermore, the present invention includes a floor temperature detection structure that directly detects the temperature of the lower part of the electric vehicle and the lower surface of the battery, thereby eliminating detection blind spots inherent in conventional technology that relied on ceiling-mounted detectors. This reflects the fact that electric vehicle fires often begin with heat accumulation in the lower part rather than upper flames, and effectively resolves the structural limitations of conventional technology that failed to detect fires early during the initial thermal runaway stage.

[0124] Furthermore, through a structure that collects and analyzes upper smoke detection and video monitoring information in combination, the possibility of false detection can be reduced and the reliability of fire judgment improved compared to existing fire detection methods that relied on a single detection signal. Accordingly, the problem of unnecessary alarms in non-fire situations is mitigated, while enabling faster and more accurate judgment in the event of an actual fire.

[0125] The rapid control structure applied in this invention resolves the response delay problem of conventional technology, which relied on human judgment and manual operation, by automatically linking and controlling the warning output and water spraying operation after a fire is detected. In particular, since warnings and water spraying can be performed simultaneously within seconds of a fire occurring, it provides an advantageous effect in suppressing the spread of fire during the initial stages.

[0126] Furthermore, by adopting a structure that directly sprays fire extinguishing water toward the bottom of the electric vehicle through floor-embedded piping and spray nozzles, it is possible to overcome the limitations of conventional fire extinguishing systems, which rely primarily on ceiling sprinklers, in extinguishing fires from the lower part of the vehicle. This contributes to effectively reducing the risk of thermal runaway and re-ignition occurring at the bottom of the electric vehicle battery.

[0127] Furthermore, since the present invention is configured to independently supplement existing building firefighting equipment without replacing it, it can reduce the complexity of equipment interoperability and the risk of complete functional paralysis in the event of an existing system failure, which were pointed out as problems in conventional technology. As a result, it has the advantage of being relatively easy to apply even in aging buildings or environments where expanding existing facilities is difficult.

[0128] Consequently, the present invention provides a dedicated detection and rapid suppression structure that considers the occurrence characteristics and initial spread patterns of electric vehicle fires, thereby comprehensively resolving the problems of detection delay, complexity of response procedures, limitations of lower fire suppression, and lack of automation inherent in conventional technology, and offers the effect of substantially improving fire safety in electric vehicle parking spaces.

[0129] The above detailed description of the present invention describes only specific embodiments thereof. However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific forms mentioned in the detailed description, but rather should be understood to include all variations, equivalents, and substitutions within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

[0130] In other words, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments and descriptions described above, and any person skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can make various modifications without departing from the essence of the invention as claimed in the claims, and such modifications fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Explanation of the symbols

[0131] 100: Electric Vehicle Fire Suppression System 110: Fire detection unit 111: Floor temperature detection module 112: Upper smoke detection module 113: Electric Vehicle Monitoring Module 120: Type P receiver 121: Data Collection Module 122: Fire Occurrence Judgment Module 123: Rapid control module 130: Warning Output Section 131: Visual Warning Output Module 132: Auditory Warning Output Module 133: Current Status Sharing Module 140: Sprinkler operating unit 141: Floor-embedded piping 142: Fire extinguishing water spray nozzle 143: Electronic shut-off valve, solenoid valve 143a: Solenoid valve controller A1: Hourly connection B1: Manual operation box C1: Sprinkler indicator light D1: Emergency Exit Sign

Claims

Claim 1 An electric vehicle fire suppression system installed in an electric vehicle parking area within a building and operated independently from a fire alarm panel within the building, comprising: a fire detection unit (110) that detects whether a fire has occurred by detecting the temperature and smoke around the electric vehicle parking area in real time; a P-type receiver (120) that determines whether a fire has occurred based on data transmitted from the fire detection unit (110) and controls the operation of a warning output unit (130) and a sprinkler operation unit (140); and a warning output unit (130) that operates by a control signal transmitted from the P-type receiver (120) and outputs a preset visual warning signal and an auditory warning signal. and includes a spraying operation unit (140) mounted on the floor surface of the electric vehicle parking space and spraying fire extinguishing water supplied from the outside onto the floor surface of the electric vehicle; and the fire detection unit (110) includes a floor temperature detection module (111) mounted on the floor surface of the electric vehicle parking space and detecting the temperature of the lower surface of the electric vehicle and the lower surface of the electric vehicle battery in real time; and an upper smoke detection module (112) mounted on the upper part of the electric vehicle parking space and detecting smoke generated from the electric vehicle parked in the electric vehicle parking space in real time. The electric vehicle monitoring module (113) is mounted on the upper part of the electric vehicle parking area and captures video of the electric vehicle parking area and the parked electric vehicle in real time; and the P-type receiver (120) includes: a data collection module (121) that collects data transmitted from the floor temperature detection module (111), the upper smoke detection module (112), and the electric vehicle monitoring module (113), organizes the data according to a preset format, and stores it together with time data; a fire occurrence judgment module (122) that determines whether a fire has occurred based on the data collected from the data collection module (121) according to a preset fire occurrence judgment criterion; and a rapid control module (123) that controls the operation of the warning output unit (130) and the sprinkler operation unit (140) according to a preset program based on the result determined by the fire occurrence judgment module (122).The warning output unit (130) includes: a visual warning output module (131) which is mounted at an electric vehicle parking location and a preset location and operates by a control signal transmitted from a rapid control module (123) to output a preset visual warning signal; and an auditory warning output module (132) which is mounted at an electric vehicle parking location and a preset location and operates by a control signal transmitted from a rapid control module (123) to output a preset auditory warning signal. The system includes a current status sharing module (133) that transmits data regarding the operating status of the visual warning output module (131) and the auditory warning output module (132) to a central control center within the building and a smart device of an operator, and stops or controls the operation of the visual warning output module (131) and the auditory warning output module (132) by a control signal transmitted from a central control sensor within the building or a smart device of an operator; and the sprinkler operating unit (140) is installed in a form embedded in the center of the floor of each parking space of an electric vehicle parking place, forms a planar rectangular pipe line corresponding to the floor surface of the electric vehicle, and forms a flow line capable of flowing fire extinguishing water supplied from the outside toward the floor surface of the electric vehicle; and a fire extinguishing water structured to be mounted on the floor embedded pipe section (141), arranged in multiple units spaced apart at a certain interval, and sprays fire extinguishing water transmitted through the floor embedded pipe section (141) toward the floor surface of the electric vehicle. An electric vehicle fire suppression system characterized by comprising: a spray nozzle (142); and an electronic shut-off valve (143) mounted on a pipe line communicating with the floor-embedded pipe section (141) and receiving a control signal from a P-type receiver (120) to open or close the pipe line. Claim 2 delete Claim 3 delete Claim 4 delete Claim 5 delete

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