Power storage device, light-emitting device, and electronic device

Abstract

The present invention provides a flexible and highly reliable capacitor or light-emitting device. The device has a battery unit or a light-emitting unit and a member having rubber elasticity. The battery unit has a secondary battery. The light-emitting unit has a light-emitting element. The member having rubber elasticity has a first convex portion and a second convex portion, and the first convex portion and the second convex portion are provided by being arranged side by side on a first surface of the battery unit or the light-emitting unit, and the first convex portion and the second convex portion come into contact with each other by bending the device so that this first surface becomes the inner side.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] One embodiment of the present invention relates to a capacitor, a light-emitting device, and an electronic device, as well as a method for manufacturing the same.

[0002] However, one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the technical fields described above. Examples of technical fields to which one embodiment of the present invention belongs include semiconductor devices, display devices, light-emitting devices, input / output devices, capacitor devices, memory devices, imaging devices, methods for driving the same, or methods for manufacturing the same.

[0003] In addition, in this specification, the term "energy storage device" refers to all elements and devices having an energy storage function. For example, it includes batteries (also called secondary batteries), such as lithium-ion secondary batteries, lithium-ion capacitors, and electric double layer capacitors. Background Technology

[0004] In recent years, the development of wearable devices has been actively carried out. Due to the nature of wearable devices being worn on the body, it is desirable for them to have a curved shape that follows the curves of the body or to curve according to the movement of the body. Therefore, flexibility is required for the capacitors and display devices mounted on wearable devices.

[0005] For example, Patent Document 1 describes a sheet-shaped capacitor that can be bent in at least one axial direction.

[0006] In addition, display devices used in wearable devices or portable devices are required to be thin, lightweight, or resistant to breakage.

[0007] A light-emitting device (also referred to as an EL device) utilizing the electroluminescence (hereinafter also referred to as EL) phenomenon has features such as being easy to make thin and lightweight, being able to respond at high speed to input signals, and being able to be driven using a DC low-voltage power supply, and applications for wearable devices or portable devices are being considered.

[0008] For example, Patent Document 2 describes a flexible light-emitting device to which an organic EL element is applied. Prior art literature

[0009] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2013-211262 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 2014-197522 The problem to be solved

[0010] One embodiment of the present invention has as its objective to provide a flexible capacitor, light-emitting device, or electronic device. Alternatively, one embodiment of the present invention has as its objective to provide a capacitor, light-emitting device, or electronic device with high safety or reliability. Alternatively, one embodiment of the present invention has as its objective to provide a capacitor, light-emitting device, or electronic device that is resistant to damage. Alternatively, one embodiment of the present invention has as its objective to lighten or thin the capacitor, light-emitting device, or electronic device. Alternatively, one embodiment of the present invention has as its objective to provide a novel capacitor, light-emitting device, or electronic device, or a method for manufacturing such devices.

[0011] Furthermore, the description of these problems does not prevent the existence of other problems. Also, one embodiment of the present invention is not required to solve all of these problems. Additionally, problems other than these may be derived from the description of the specification, drawings, and claims. means of solving the problem

[0012] One embodiment of the present invention is a battery unit and a battery storage device having a rubber elastic member, wherein the rubber elastic member has a first convex portion and a second convex portion, the first convex portion and the second convex portion are provided side by side on a first surface of the battery unit, and the first convex portion and the second convex portion can come into contact with each other by bending the battery storage device so that the first surface of the battery unit becomes inward.

[0013] In the above configuration, the first surface and the second surface of the battery unit face each other, and it is preferable that a member having rubber elasticity is positioned on the first surface and the second surface of the battery unit. Additionally, the member having rubber elasticity has a third convex portion and a fourth convex portion, and the third convex portion and the fourth convex portion are provided side by side on the second surface of the battery unit, and it is preferable that the third convex portion and the fourth convex portion can come into contact with each other by bending the capacitor device so that the second surface of the battery unit becomes the inner side.

[0014] Alternatively, one embodiment of the present invention is a capacitor having a battery unit and a rubber elastic member, wherein the rubber elastic member has a first convex portion and a second convex portion, the first convex portion and the second convex portion are provided side by side on a first surface of the battery unit, the cross-sectional shape of the first convex portion is tangent to three sides of a first isosceles triangle and is also contained within the first isosceles triangle, the cross-sectional shape of the second convex portion is tangent to three sides of a second isosceles triangle and is also contained within the second isosceles triangle, the first isosceles triangle and the second isosceles triangle have the same shape, have bases on the same line, and are tangent at one point, and when the capacitor is bent so that the first surface of the battery unit becomes inward, the radius of curvature of the first surface of the battery unit can be the sum of the shortest distance from the first surface to the bottom surface of the first convex portion and the lengths of the equal sides of the first isosceles triangle. It is a capacitor device. In this case, the first side of the first convex portion is located on the first isosceles side of the first isosceles triangle, and the second side of the second convex portion is located on the second isosceles side of the second isosceles triangle, and it is preferable that the first isosceles side and the second isosceles side are tangent at one point. The cross-sectional shapes of the first convex portion and the second convex portion may be the same shape.

[0015] In each of the above configurations, the member having rubber elasticity is positioned on the first surface and the second surface of the battery unit, and it is preferable that the first surface and the second surface of the battery unit face each other.

[0016] In each of the above configurations, the member having rubber elasticity has a third convex portion and a fourth convex portion, and the third convex portion and the fourth convex portion are provided side by side on the second surface of the battery unit, and the cross-sectional shape of the third convex portion is tangent to the third side of the third isosceles triangle and is also contained within the third isosceles triangle, and the cross-sectional shape of the fourth convex portion is tangent to the third side of the fourth isosceles triangle and is also contained within the fourth isosceles triangle, and the third isosceles triangle and the fourth isosceles triangle have the same shape, have bases on the same line, and are tangent at one point, and when the capacitor is bent so that the second surface of the battery unit becomes the inner side, the radius of curvature of the second surface of the battery unit can be the sum of the shortest distance from the second surface to the bottom surface of the third convex portion and the length of the equal side of the third isosceles triangle. At this time, the third side of the third convex portion lies on the third isosceles side of the third isosceles triangle, and the fourth side of the fourth convex portion lies on the fourth isosceles side of the fourth isosceles triangle, and it is preferable that the third and fourth isosceles sides are tangent at one point. The cross-sectional shapes of the third convex portion and the fourth convex portion may be the same shape.

[0017] In each of the above configurations, it is preferable that the member having rubber elasticity accommodates the battery unit.

[0018] In each of the above configurations, it is preferable that the capacitor device be able to reversibly deform from a first state in which the first convex part and the second convex part do not come into contact with each other to a second state in which the first convex part and the second convex part come into contact with each other.

[0019] In each of the above configurations, the capacitor comprises a receiving resonant coil, a receiving coil, a rectifier circuit, and a DC-DC converter, wherein a high-frequency voltage is induced in the receiving resonant coil by magnetic field resonance and a high-frequency voltage is induced in the receiving coil by electromagnetic induction with the receiving resonant coil, the rectifier circuit rectifies the high-frequency voltage induced in the receiving coil, and the DC-DC converter preferably receives the DC voltage output by the rectifier circuit.

[0020] In particular, the DC-DC converter has an input power detection unit and a voltage conversion unit, wherein the input power detection unit receives a first DC voltage and the voltage conversion unit converts the first DC voltage into a second DC voltage and outputs it, wherein the input power detection unit has a load, a first means, and a second means, wherein the first means detects a first voltage proportional to the first DC voltage and the second means detects a second voltage proportional to the current generated in the load, and wherein the voltage conversion unit has a switch and a third means, wherein the switch controls the current generated in the load according to the switching and the third means controls the switching of the switch based on the first voltage and the second voltage, thereby maintaining a constant ratio of the first voltage and the second voltage.

[0021] Alternatively, one embodiment of the present invention is a light-emitting device having a light-emitting unit and a member having rubber elasticity, wherein the light-emitting unit has a light-emitting panel, the light-emitting panel has a light-emitting element, the member having rubber elasticity accommodates the light-emitting unit, at least a portion of the member having rubber elasticity transmits light emitted by the light-emitting element, the member having rubber elasticity has a first convex portion and a second convex portion, the first convex portion and the second convex portion are provided side by side on a first surface of the light-emitting unit, the light-emitting element has the function of emitting light toward the second surface of the light-emitting unit, the first surface and the second surface of the light-emitting unit face each other, and the first convex portion and the second convex portion can come into contact with each other by bending the light-emitting device so that the first surface of the light-emitting unit becomes the inner side.

[0022] In the above configuration, the light-emitting unit has a secondary battery and a circuit, the secondary battery has the function of supplying power to the light-emitting element, the circuit has an antenna, and the circuit has the function of charging the secondary battery based on a signal received by the antenna.

[0023] In each of the above configurations, it is preferable that the secondary battery has a portion that overlaps with the light-emitting panel.

[0024] In each of the above configurations, it is preferable that the antenna has a portion that overlaps with the light-emitting panel. Additionally, it is preferable that at least a portion of the antenna is located between the light-emitting panel and the secondary battery.

[0025] In each of the above configurations, the light-emitting unit has a pressure-sensitive detection element, and it is preferable that the pressure-sensitive detection element be located on the second side rather than the light-emitting element.

[0026] In each of the above configurations, it is preferable to have a capacitive detection element, wherein the capacitive detection element is located on the outer side of a member having rubber elasticity, and the light emission of the light-emitting element is extracted to the outside through the detection element.

[0027] In addition, one embodiment of the present invention may be applied to a display device using a display panel. In the light-emitting device of each of the above components, a display device can be manufactured by replacing the light-emitting panel with a display panel.

[0028] One embodiment of the present invention is a module having a light-emitting device or a display device of any one of the configurations described above, and is equipped with a connector such as an FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit) or TCP (Tape Carrier Package), or is a module such as a module in which an IC is mounted by a COG (Chip On Glass) method.

[0029] In addition, an electronic device or lighting device using a light-emitting device, display device, module, or capacitor of any one of the above configurations is also an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] For example, one embodiment of the present invention is an electronic device having a light-emitting device, a sensor, a housing, a speaker, a microphone, an operating switch, or an operating button of any one of the above configurations. Effects of the invention

[0031] One embodiment of the present invention may provide a flexible capacitor, light-emitting device, or electronic device. Alternatively, one embodiment of the present invention may provide a capacitor, light-emitting device, or electronic device with high safety or reliability. Alternatively, one embodiment of the present invention may provide a capacitor, light-emitting device, or electronic device that is resistant to damage. Alternatively, one embodiment of the present invention may enable the capacitor, light-emitting device, or electronic device to be lightweight or thin. Alternatively, one embodiment of the present invention may provide a novel capacitor, light-emitting device, or electronic device, or a method for manufacturing the same.

[0032] Furthermore, the description of these effects does not preclude the existence of other effects. Also, one embodiment of the present invention does not necessarily have to possess all of these effects. Additionally, effects other than these may be derived from the description in the specification, drawings, and claims. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0033] FIG. 1 is a drawing illustrating an example of a capacitor. FIG. 2 is a drawing illustrating an example of a capacitor. FIG. 3 is a drawing illustrating an example of a capacitor. FIG. 4 is a drawing illustrating an example of a capacitor. FIG. 5 is a drawing illustrating an example of a capacitor. FIG. 6 is a drawing illustrating an example of a capacitor. FIG. 7 is a drawing illustrating an example of a capacitor. FIG. 8 is a drawing illustrating an example of a capacitor. FIG. 9 is a drawing showing an example of a light-emitting device. FIG. 10 is a drawing illustrating an example of a light-emitting device. FIG. 11 is a drawing illustrating an example of a light-emitting device. FIG. 12 is a drawing illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a capacitor. FIG. 13 is a drawing illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a capacitor. FIG. 14 is a drawing illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a capacitor. FIG. 15 is a drawing illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a capacitor. FIG. 16 is a drawing illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a capacitor. FIG. 17 is a drawing illustrating an example of a structure. FIG. 18 is a drawing illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a capacitor. FIG. 19 is a drawing illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a capacitor. FIG. 20 is a drawing illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a capacitor. FIG. 21 is a drawing illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a capacitor. FIG. 22 is a drawing illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a capacitor. FIG. 23 is a drawing illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a capacitor. FIG. 24 is a drawing illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a capacitor. FIG. 25 is a drawing illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a capacitor. FIG. 26 is a drawing illustrating an example of a structure. FIG. 27 is a drawing illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a capacitor. FIG. 28 is a drawing illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a capacitor. FIG. 29 is a drawing illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a capacitor. FIG. 30 is a drawing illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a capacitor. FIG. 31 is a drawing illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a capacitor. FIG. 32 is a drawing illustrating an example of a capacitor and an example of an electrode. FIG. 33 is a drawing illustrating an example of a capacitor. FIG. 34 is a drawing illustrating an example of a capacitor. FIG. 35 is a drawing illustrating an example of a capacitor. FIG. 36 is a drawing illustrating an example of a capacitor. FIG. 37 is a drawing illustrating an example of a capacitor. FIG. 38 is a drawing illustrating an example of a capacitor. FIG. 39 is a drawing illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a capacitor. FIG. 40 is a drawing illustrating an example of a capacitor. FIG. 41 is a drawing illustrating an example of a capacitor. FIG. 42 is a drawing illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a capacitor. FIG. 43 is a drawing illustrating an example of a capacitor. FIG. 44 is a drawing showing an example of a power supply system and a power receiving device. FIG. 45 is a diagram showing an example of a DC-DC converter. FIG. 46 is a diagram showing an example of a DC-DC converter. FIG. 47 is a diagram showing an example of a DC-DC converter. FIG. 48 is a drawing illustrating an example of a light-emitting panel. FIG. 49 is a drawing illustrating an example of a light-emitting panel. FIG. 50 is a drawing illustrating an example of a light-emitting panel. FIG. 51 is a drawing illustrating an example of a display panel. FIG. 52 is a drawing illustrating an example of a liquid crystal panel. FIG. 53 is a drawing illustrating an example of an electronic device. FIG. 54 is a drawing illustrating an example of an electronic device. FIG. 55 is a drawing illustrating an example of an electronic device. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0034] Embodiments are described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the description below, and those skilled in the art will readily understand that the form and details of the present invention can be varied without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the present invention is not to be interpreted as being limited to the description of the embodiments presented below.

[0035] Furthermore, in describing the composition of the invention below, the same reference numerals are commonly used across different drawings for identical parts or parts having the same function, and their repeated description is omitted. Additionally, when referring to parts having the same function, the hatching pattern is made identical, and in some cases, no specific reference numeral is assigned.

[0036] Furthermore, the actual location, size, and range of each component shown in the drawings may not be indicated for the sake of ease of understanding. For this reason, the described invention is not necessarily limited to the location, size, and range described in the drawings.

[0037] In addition, the words 'film' and 'layer' can be interchanged depending on the case or situation. For example, the term 'conductive layer' can be changed to 'conductive film.' Or, for example, the term 'insulating film' can be changed to 'insulating layer.'

[0038] (Embodiment 1)

[0039] In this embodiment, a capacitor device according to one form of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8.

[0040] In this embodiment, a lithium-ion secondary battery is used as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0041] One embodiment of the present invention is a battery unit and a capacitor having a rubber elastic member. The rubber elastic member has a first convex portion and a second convex portion. The first convex portion and the second convex portion are provided side by side on a first surface of the battery unit. The capacitor can be made to bring the first convex portion and the second convex portion into contact with each other by bending the capacitor so that the first surface of the battery unit becomes inward.

[0042] A battery unit can be protected by a member having rubber elasticity. Since the member having rubber elasticity is flexible, the battery unit can be protected while maintaining the flexibility of the energy storage device using the flexible battery unit. In addition, by using a member having multiple convex parts and rubber elasticity, two adjacent convex parts come into contact with each other when the battery unit is bent to a certain degree, thereby preventing the user from bending the battery unit more than necessary. Furthermore, it is possible to suppress the battery unit from bending at positions other than the desired location. Thus, by applying one embodiment of the present invention, an energy storage device with high reliability and safety and flexibility can be realized.

[0043] Furthermore, rubber elasticity refers to the elasticity capable of absorbing energy when an external force is applied and storing it as energy to return to its original state. Members possessing rubber elasticity are capable of reversible deformation.

[0044] Hereinafter, a specific example of a capacitor device according to one embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0045] A perspective view of a capacitor (100) is shown in FIG. 1 (A), and a top view of a capacitor (100) is shown in FIG. 1 (B). A cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line M1-M2 in FIG. 1 (B) is shown in FIG. 1 (C), and a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line N1-N2 in FIG. 1 (B) is shown in FIG. 1 (D).

[0046] Additionally, a top view of the capacitor (110) is shown in FIG. 2 (A). A cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line M3-M4 in FIG. 2 (A) is shown in FIG. 2 (B), and a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line N3-N4 in FIG. 2 (A) is shown in FIG. 2 (C).

[0047] The storage device (100) and the storage device (110) each have a battery unit (120) and a member (109) having rubber elasticity.

[0048] The battery unit (120) has a secondary battery. Specifically, the battery unit (120) has a positive electrode (111), a negative electrode (115), a separator (103), an electrolyte (not shown), and an outer body (107), etc. The electronic unit (120) does not have to have an outer body (107).

[0049] The battery unit (120) may additionally have a protection circuit. The protection circuit has the function of preventing overcharging or over-discharging of the secondary battery.

[0050] Additionally, the electronic unit (120) may further have an antenna and a circuit having the function of wirelessly charging a secondary battery.

[0051] For the components of the battery unit, reference may be made to Embodiment 4.

[0052] Additionally, although an example is shown in which the battery unit (120) is not bent in the embodiment, the battery unit (120) may be curved. Furthermore, the storage device (100) may have a member (109) having rubber elasticity and an outer body that houses the battery unit (120).

[0053] The positive lead (121) is electrically connected to the positive (111). The negative lead (125) is electrically connected to the negative (115). The positive lead (121) and the negative lead (125) each have a portion extending outside the outer body (107), and a portion of the same extends outside the member (109) having rubber elasticity. The positive lead (121) and the negative lead (125) each have a sealing layer (129). The sealing layer (129) can improve adhesion by fixing the connection between each lead and the outer body (107).

[0054] A rubber elastic member (109) has an uneven structure (109a) on at least one surface. The capacitor device (100) shown in FIG. 1 is an example in which the rubber elastic member (109) has an uneven structure (109a) on one surface. The capacitor device (110) shown in FIG. 2 is an example in which the rubber elastic member (109) has an uneven structure (109a) on two surfaces facing each other.

[0055] When a capacitor device according to one embodiment of the present invention is bent so that the uneven structure (109a) becomes inward, two adjacent convex parts come into contact, making it difficult to bend further. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the capacitor device from being bent more than necessary and subsequently damaged.

[0056] For example, when the capacitor is bent at a curvature smaller than the maximum curvature, such as a curvature at which the battery unit (120) is at risk of being damaged, it is desirable to set the height, width, pitch, etc. of the convex parts so that contact occurs between the convex parts with the uneven structure (109a).

[0057] For example, it is desirable that the capacitor device be able to bend with a radius of curvature of 10 mm or more and 150 mm or less.

[0058] Additionally, as illustrated in (B) of FIG. 1, the uneven structure (109a) in the capacitor (100) is configured such that a convex portion, which is provided long in the Y direction, is arranged in a plurality of parallel rows in the X direction. Among the rubber elastic member (109), the portion provided with the uneven structure (109a) is thicker than other portions, making it difficult to bend. Therefore, bending the short side (here, the side parallel to the Y direction) of the capacitor (100) into an arc is more difficult than bending the long side (here, the side parallel to the X direction) of the capacitor (100) into an arc. In other words, by providing an uneven structure, the ease of bending the capacitor can be varied according to the direction of bending. For example, by making the capacitor difficult to bend in a direction that is weak against bending in the battery unit (120), the capacitor is made less susceptible to damage, and reliability can be increased.

[0059] In the battery storage device (100) and the battery storage device (110), the entire battery unit (120) is covered by a member (109) having rubber elasticity. By covering the battery unit (120) with a member (109) having rubber elasticity, a battery storage device that is difficult to break even when repeated bending and stretching are performed can be realized. In particular, by making the member (109) having rubber elasticity a seamless integral, the reliability of the battery storage device can be further increased.

[0060] It is preferable that the thickness (t1) of the rubber elastic member (109) formed on one side of the battery unit (120) illustrated in (C) and (D) of FIG. 1 and the thickness (t2) of the rubber elastic member (109) formed on the other side of the battery unit (120) are approximately the same. At this time, the thickness of the uneven structure (109a) is not included in the thickness (t1) and thickness (t2). That is, the thickness (t2) can also be described as the shortest distance from the other side of the battery unit (120) to the bottom surface of the convex portion. If the thickness (t1) and thickness (t2) are made the same thickness, the battery unit (120) can be placed on the neutral plane. Therefore, it is difficult to apply compressive stress and tensile stress due to bending to the battery unit (120), and damage to the battery unit (120) can be reduced.

[0061] For example, the thickness (t1) and thickness (t2) can be 10㎛ or more and 5cm or less, 100㎛ or more and 1cm or less, 500㎛ or more and 1mm or less, etc. The thinner the thickness (t1) and thickness (t2), the thinner and lighter the capacitor device can be. The thicker the thickness (t1) and thickness (t2), the higher the protection performance of the capacitor device can be.

[0062] Another example of a capacitor is illustrated in FIG. 3. FIG. 3 can also be described as a modified example of the capacitor (110) of FIG. 2 (C).

[0063] The capacitor (112) and capacitor (113) illustrated in FIG. 3 (A) and (B) have a rubber elastic member (109) on one surface of the battery unit (120). As with the capacitor (112) illustrated in FIG. 3 (A), the rubber elastic member (109) does not have to be formed on the entire surface of the battery unit (120). By narrowing the formation area of ​​the rubber elastic member (109), the capacitor can be made lighter. In addition, as with the capacitor (113) illustrated in FIG. 3 (B), if the rubber elastic member (109) is formed on the entire surface of the battery unit (120), the protection performance of the battery unit (120) can be improved.

[0064] The energy storage device (114) and the energy storage device (116) illustrated in FIG. 3 (C) and (D) have a rubber elastic member (109) on two surfaces of the battery unit (120). The rubber elastic member (109) has an uneven structure (109a) on at least one surface. In the energy storage device (114) illustrated in FIG. 3 (C), the rubber elastic member (109) has an uneven structure (109a) on one surface. Also, in the energy storage device (116) illustrated in FIG. 3 (D), the rubber elastic member (109) has an uneven structure (109a) on two surfaces. In the energy storage device (114), when the lower surface in the drawing is bent inward, the two adjacent convex parts come into contact, making it difficult to bend further. Meanwhile, the capacitor device (116) is made difficult to bend further by the contact of two adjacent convex parts, whether the lower side of the capacitor device in the drawing is bent inward or outward. In one embodiment of the present invention, the surface forming the uneven structure (109a) can be determined according to the use of the capacitor device, etc.

[0065] In addition, by forming a rubber-elastic member (109) along the shape of a pre-curved battery unit (120), a battery storage device (117) as illustrated in FIG. 3 (E) can be manufactured. Also, as with the battery storage device (118) illustrated in FIG. 3 (F), the rubber-elastic member (109) itself may have a flat surface and may have a curved battery unit (120) inside. In FIG. 3 (E) and (F), the battery unit (120) is curved, but two adjacent convex parts do not come into contact. When the curved battery unit or battery storage device is further bent, the two adjacent convex parts come into contact, making it difficult to deform further. Therefore, damage to the battery storage device can be suppressed. In addition, in (E) and (F) of FIG. 3, by forming the uneven structure (109a) on two opposing surfaces, even when a curved battery unit or capacitor is deformed to become flat, the two convex parts are in contact, making it difficult to deform further. Therefore, damage to the capacitor can be suppressed.

[0066] It is desirable that the rubber elastic member (109) has high heat resistance. Specifically, it is desirable that the rubber elastic member (109) be usable at 100°C or higher, preferably 150°C or higher, more preferably 200°C or higher.

[0067] By housing the battery unit (120) in a member (109) having high heat resistance and rubber elasticity, the battery unit (120) can be operated even in a high-temperature environment. In addition, the storage device can be reversibly bent even in a high-temperature environment.

[0068] In addition, it is desirable that the rubber elastic member (109) has high cold resistance. Specifically, it is desirable that the rubber elastic member (109) has flexibility at -25°C or lower, preferably -50°C or lower, and more preferably -100°C or lower.

[0069] By housing the battery unit (120) in a member (109) having high cold resistance and rubber elasticity, the battery unit (120) can be operated even in a low-temperature environment. In addition, the storage device can be reversibly bent even in a low-temperature environment.

[0070] In addition, it is desirable that the member (109) having rubber elasticity possesses high heat resistance and cold resistance, so that the capacitor can be used over a wide temperature range or the capacitor can be reversibly bent. In one embodiment of the present invention, it is desirable that the capacitor can drive the battery unit (120) at, for example, 0°C or higher and 80°C or lower, preferably -25°C or higher and 100°C or lower, more preferably -50°C or higher and 150°C or lower, and more preferably -100°C or higher and 200°C or lower. In addition, it is desirable that the capacitor can be reversibly bent over the above-described temperature range. The capacitor according to one embodiment of the present invention may be used indoors or outdoors.

[0071] In particular, it is desirable that the lower the thermal conductivity of the rubber elastic member (109), the less the battery unit (120) is affected by the temperature of the operating environment. Additionally, the battery unit (120) is not limited to cases where it can operate over a wide temperature range or operate under the operating environment.

[0072] In addition, it is desirable that the rubber elastic member (109) has high solvent resistance, chemical stability, and weather resistance, respectively, for organic solvents and electrolytes. Depending on the material constituting the battery unit (120) and the usage environment, the deterioration of the rubber elastic member (109) can be suppressed. In addition, the destruction of the seal by the rubber elastic member (109) can also be suppressed. Therefore, the safety of the energy storage device can be increased.

[0073] In addition, it is preferable that the rubber elastic member (109) has low permeability to moisture and gas, respectively. The battery unit (120) often contains a material that is prone to deterioration due to impurities such as moisture. If the rubber elastic member (109) has low permeability to moisture and gas, it is possible to suppress moisture and gas in the atmosphere from entering the battery unit (120), thereby suppressing the deterioration of the battery unit (120). Therefore, the reliability of the energy storage device can be increased. In addition, the rubber elastic member (109) may have high water repellency.

[0074] It is desirable that the energy storage device be usable underwater. For example, the energy storage device according to one embodiment of the present invention is preferably capable of operating the battery unit (120) underwater at a temperature of 0°C or higher and 100°C or lower. Alternatively, it is desirable that the energy storage device be reversibly bendable underwater at a temperature of 0°C or higher and 100°C or lower.

[0075] Examples of materials for the member (109) having rubber elasticity include thermosetting elastomers. Specifically, examples include natural rubber, silicone rubber, fluororubber, acrylic rubber, ethylene propylene rubber (EPM), ethylene propylenediene rubber (EPDM), urethane rubber, acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), chloroprene rubber, butyl rubber, etc.

[0076] For the material of the member (109) having rubber elasticity, a thermoplastic elastomer may be used as long as it has heat resistance in the temperature range of the environment in which it is used. For example, a polyester-based or polyamide-based thermoplastic elastomer is preferred because it has high heat resistance.

[0077] For the purpose of improving the flame retardancy, heat resistance, moldability, and stability of the rubber elastic member (109), additives such as flame retardants, plasticizers, antioxidants, photodegradation inhibitors, water repellents, antistatic agents, lubricants, and coloring agents may be added.

[0078] For example, the member (109) having rubber elasticity may have a filler, specifically carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, metal fiber, etc.

[0079] The transmittance of the rubber elastic member (109) to visible light is not a concern. If there is a component inside the rubber elastic member (109) that is to be visible to the user of the capacitor, the rubber elastic member (109) is manufactured using a material that transmits visible light.

[0080] The rubber elastic member (109) facilitates the dispersion of internal stress generated during deformation. Therefore, when the capacitor is bent, the stress applied locally to the bent portion can be relieved, thereby preventing damage to the capacitor. It can also function as a cushioning material to disperse physical pressure or impact from the outside. For example, it is preferable that the rubber elastic member (109) has a smaller Young's modulus than the outer body (107).

[0081] The method of forming the member (109) having rubber elasticity is not particularly limited, and, for example, extrusion molding, compression molding, injection molding, etc. may be used. The method of manufacturing the capacitor device may refer to Embodiment 3.

[0082] Examples of planar layouts of the uneven structure (109a) are shown in FIGS. 4 and FIGS. 5.

[0083] As illustrated in FIG. 4 (A), the uneven structure (109a) may be provided only near the end of the capacitor and not provided in the central part. Also, as illustrated in FIG. 4 (B), it may be provided on both the near the end and the central part of the capacitor. In this way, multiple convex parts may be provided in one direction (here, the Y direction). The lengths of the convex parts in the Y direction may all be the same or different. FIG. 4 (B) illustrates an example in which the length of the convex structure (109a) in the central part is shorter in the Y direction than the uneven structure (109a) near the end.

[0084] In addition, the lengths of the convex portions in the X direction may all be the same or different. Figure 4 (C) illustrates an example where the length of the convex portion in the X direction is longer than other parts near the connection point between the electrode lead and the electrode. In this way, the length of the convex portion in the X direction may be changed so that the convex portion contacts with a larger radius of curvature than other parts in a part that is weak against bending compared to other parts.

[0085] In addition, as shown in (A) of FIG. 5, the convex portion may be provided in a direction that is not parallel to the long and short sides of the capacitor. The convex portion can be formed according to the direction in which the capacitor is to be bent.

[0086] In addition, when the capacitor is bent in two directions, the convex portion may be provided in a matrix form. Although (B) of FIG. 5 illustrates an example in which the convex portions are arranged side by side in the X and Y directions that are perpendicular to each other, the convex portions may be arranged side by side in two directions that are not perpendicular to each other. In addition, the convex portions may be arranged side by side in three or more directions.

[0087] By providing an uneven structure (109a) only in a part, the locations where the capacitor can be bent may be limited. For example, (C) in FIG. 5 illustrates an example where the capacitor can be bent only in the center. On the other hand, if the capacitor can be bent in multiple parts, it is preferable to form an uneven structure (109a) over a wide area.

[0088] In one embodiment of the present invention, the ease of bending of the capacitor device or the radius of curvature of the capacitor device when the capacitor devices come into contact with each other can be controlled by the height of the convex portion, the length in the X or Y direction, or the spacing of the convex portions.

[0089] Next, the uneven structure (109a) will be described using FIGS. 6 to 8.

[0090] Figure 6 (A) is a top view of the uneven structure (109a), and Figure 6 (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line N5-N6 of Figure 6 (A).

[0091] In FIG. 6 (B), an example is shown in which a battery unit (120) has a rubber elastic member (109) on two opposing surfaces, and the rubber elastic member (109) located on one surface (hereinafter referred to as the first surface) has an uneven structure (109a).

[0092] As illustrated in (C) of FIG. 6, when the capacitor is bent so that the first surface of the battery unit (120) becomes the inner side, two adjacent convex parts come into contact, making it difficult to bend the capacitor further. This prevents the capacitor from bending more than necessary and also prevents the capacitor from being damaged.

[0093] In Fig. 6 (D), an enlarged view of the two convex parts of the uneven structure (109a) is shown. The cross-sectional shape of the first convex part (119a) is tangent to three sides of the first isosceles triangle and is also contained within the first isosceles triangle. Likewise, the cross-sectional shape of the second convex part (119b) is tangent to three sides of the second isosceles triangle and is also contained within the second isosceles triangle. The first isosceles triangle and the second isosceles triangle have the same shape, have a bottom surface on the same line, and are tangent at one point (point (S) in Fig. 6 (D)).

[0094] When the battery unit (120) is bent so that the first surface of the battery unit (120) becomes the inner side and two adjacent convex parts come into contact, the radius of curvature (R) of the first surface of the battery unit (120) is the sum of the shortest distance (t) from the first surface to the bottom surface of the convex part and the length (L) of the equal side of the isosceles triangle (see (C) and (D) of FIG. 6). The radius of curvature (R) can be 5 mm or more and 150 mm or less, preferably 10 mm or more and 50 mm or less.

[0095] As illustrated in (D) of FIG. 6, it is preferable that the first convex portion (119a) and the second convex portion (119b) have the same shape. Additionally, if the first side of the first convex portion (119a) is located on the first equal side of the first isosceles triangle and the second side of the second convex portion (119b) is located on the second equal side of the second isosceles triangle and the first equal side and the second equal side are tangent at one point (point (S) in (E) of FIG. 6), the first convex portion (119a) and the second convex portion (119b) may have different shapes.

[0096] In addition, the convex parts can be deformed by coming into contact with each other. The shape of the convex part described in this embodiment may correspond, for example, to the shape when no bending force is applied or when the convex parts do not come into contact with each other. Or it may correspond to the shape when a bending force is applied or when the convex parts come into contact with each other.

[0097] As shown by the dotted line in (F) of FIG. 6, the battery unit (120) or the rubber elastic member (109) may be damaged as the battery unit is bent more than necessary and localized force is applied to the bent part. In one embodiment of the present invention, damage to the battery unit caused by bending more than necessary can be suppressed by forming the convex part described above on the rubber elastic member (109).

[0098] Figure 7 (A) is a top view of an uneven structure (109a) with a shape different from that of Figure 6 (A), and Figure 7 (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line N7-N8 of Figure 7 (A).

[0099] The uneven structure (109a) shown in Fig. 7 (A) has a narrower concave portion compared to the uneven structure (109a) shown in Fig. 6 (A), and the appearance of the capacitor is superior.

[0100] In addition, the height of the convex portion of the uneven structure (109a) illustrated in Fig. 7 (B) is lower than that of the uneven structure (109a) illustrated in Fig. 6 (B). This is desirable because a lower height of the convex portion allows for a thinner capacitor. Furthermore, when comparing Fig. 6 (C) and Fig. 7 (C), the side with a higher height of the convex portion is preferred because the contact area between the two convex portions becomes wider, and it becomes more difficult to bend the capacitor further after the convex portions come into contact.

[0101] The cross-sectional shape of the convex portion is not limited to a trapezoid, but can be various shapes, such as squares like squares and rectangles, polygons like triangles and pentagons, or shapes including curves such as shapes including arcs.

[0102] For example, as shown in (D) and (E) of FIG. 7, the cross-sectional shape of the convex portion may be an isosceles triangle. That is, the first convex portion and the first isosceles triangle may have the same shape.

[0103] In addition, as shown in (F) and (G) of FIG. 7, the cross-sectional shape of the convex portion may be rounded.

[0104] In addition, (A) of FIG. 8 is a top view of an uneven structure (109a) that has a different shape from (A) of FIG. 6, and (B) of FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line N9-N10 of FIG. 8 (A).

[0105] In Fig. 7 (F) and Fig. 8 (C), two adjacent convex parts are in contact at least one point.

[0106] In addition, the uneven structure (109a) shown in (D) of FIG. 8 is preferable because it has a narrower pitch compared to the uneven structure (109a) shown in (C) of FIG. 8, and allows the capacitor to bend more smoothly.

[0107] Additionally, as illustrated in (E) of FIG. 8, an uneven structure (109a) may be provided in contact with the first surface of the battery unit (120). That is, the shortest distance (t) from the first surface of the battery unit (120) to the bottom surface of the convex portion is 0 μm or more, and, for example, is preferably 100 μm or more and 10 mm or less, more preferably 500 μm or more and 5 mm or less, and even more preferably 1 mm or more and 3 mm or less. The shorter the shortest distance (t), the thinner and lighter the capacitor can be made. The longer the shortest distance (t), the higher the protection performance of the capacitor can be.

[0108] In one embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that the capacitor device be reversibly deformable from a first state in which two convex parts do not contact each other to a second state in which they contact each other. Additionally, by deforming from the first state to the second state, the capacitor device may be able to maintain the second state.

[0109] In addition, in cases where it is not necessary to return the capacitor device, etc. to its original shape after bending, a member having crystalline elasticity may be used instead of a member having rubber elasticity in the capacitor device, etc. according to one embodiment of the present invention. In one embodiment of the present invention, by having an uneven structure in the member having crystalline elasticity, it is possible to suppress the capacitor device (battery unit, etc.) from being bent and damaged more than necessary. Therefore, the reliability of the capacitor device, etc. can be increased. Furthermore, crystalline elasticity refers to elasticity in which energy is changed through plastic deformation because energy cannot be stored. Examples of members having crystalline elasticity include metals.

[0110] In this embodiment, an example in which a member having rubber elasticity houses a battery unit has been illustrated, but one form of the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, other components housed in the member having rubber elasticity may include a display unit having a display panel, a light-emitting panel having a light-emitting unit, etc.

[0111] As described above, a capacitor according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises a battery unit and a member having a plurality of convex parts and rubber elasticity, and when the capacitor is bent, two adjacent convex parts come into contact with each other, thereby preventing the user from bending the capacitor more than necessary. Therefore, a capacitor that is difficult to break and has high safety and reliability can be realized.

[0112] Although a curved capacitor, a flexible capacitor, or a deformable capacitor has been exemplified as one embodiment of the present invention, one embodiment of the present invention may be applied to capacitors of various shapes or capacitors of various hardnesses. For example, one embodiment of the present invention may be applied to a non-curved flat capacitor, a cylindrical capacitor, or a capacitor that is not flexible and cannot be deformed.

[0113] This embodiment can be appropriately combined with other embodiments.

[0114] (Embodiment 2)

[0115] In this embodiment, a light-emitting device according to one form of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 11.

[0116] In this embodiment, a light-emitting device having a light-emitting panel is described as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The contents of this embodiment may also be applied to a display device having a display panel, for example.

[0117] One embodiment of the present invention is a light-emitting device having a light-emitting unit and a member having rubber elasticity. The light-emitting unit has a light-emitting panel, and the light-emitting panel has a light-emitting element. The member having rubber elasticity houses the light-emitting unit. At least a portion of the member having rubber elasticity transmits light emitted by the light-emitting element. The member having rubber elasticity has a first convex portion and a second convex portion arranged side by side on a first surface of the light-emitting unit. The light-emitting element has the function of emitting light toward the second surface of the light-emitting unit. The first surface and the second surface of the light-emitting unit face each other. The first convex portion and the second convex portion can come into contact with each other by bending the light-emitting device so that the first surface of the light-emitting unit becomes the inner side.

[0118] By using a member having rubber elasticity, the light-emitting unit can be protected. Since the member having rubber elasticity is flexible, the light-emitting unit can be protected while maintaining the flexibility of the light-emitting device using the flexible light-emitting unit. In addition, by using a member having rubber elasticity having a plurality of convex portions, it is possible to prevent the light-emitting unit from bending more than necessary or bending the light-emitting unit at a location other than the desired position. In this way, by applying one embodiment of the present invention, a flexible light-emitting device with high reliability and safety can be realized.

[0119] In the light-emitting device of the present embodiment, the entire light-emitting unit is covered by a member having rubber elasticity. By covering the light-emitting unit with a member having rubber elasticity, a light-emitting device that is resistant to damage even when repeated bending and stretching are performed can be realized. In particular, by making the member having rubber elasticity a seamless integral, the intrusion of impurities from the outside is suppressed, thereby increasing the reliability of the light-emitting device. Furthermore, by using a member having rubber elasticity that can transmit visible light, a light-emitting device with good display quality can be realized.

[0120] In addition, it is preferable for the light-emitting unit to have a secondary battery. The secondary battery has the function of supplying power to the light-emitting element.

[0121] A light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention can cover and seal a light-emitting panel and a secondary battery together with a member having rubber elasticity. Therefore, a highly reliable light-emitting device can be manufactured easily.

[0122] In addition, it is desirable for the light-emitting unit to have a circuit that has the function of wirelessly charging a secondary battery. This circuit has an antenna.

[0123] A light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention can charge a secondary battery using non-contact power transmission. Therefore, when charging, there is no need to remove the secondary battery from the rubber-elastic member. Accordingly, the entire light-emitting unit can be completely covered with a rubber-elastic member, thereby further enhancing sealing performance.

[0124] By using a member having high heat resistance and rubber elasticity, the light-emitting unit can be driven even in high-temperature environments. Additionally, the light-emitting device can be reversibly bent even in high-temperature environments. In this case, it is more desirable to use a heat-resistant light-emitting element and a secondary battery.

[0125] In addition, in one embodiment of the present invention, at least a portion of the light-emitting unit is flexible. For example, the light-emitting panel may be flexible, the light-emitting panel may not be flexible, and the secondary battery may be flexible. Depending on the region and location of the flexible portion of the light-emitting unit, the layout of the convex portion of the rubber elastic member can be determined.

[0126] In addition, while the present embodiment describes an example in which a member having rubber elasticity covers the entire light-emitting unit, the present invention is not limited thereto. A member having rubber elasticity may be provided on one or more surfaces of the light-emitting unit.

[0127] Hereinafter, a specific example of a light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0128] The light-emitting device (150) illustrated in FIG. 9 (A) has a light-emitting unit and a rubber-elastic member (40). The rubber-elastic member (40) has a light-emitting unit inside. The light-emitting unit can also be described as being "sealed by the rubber-elastic member (40)." The light-emitting unit has a light-emitting panel (10), a secondary battery (20), and a circuit (30).

[0129] An example of the connection relationship of the light-emitting unit is shown in the block diagram of Fig. 9 (B).

[0130] The light-emitting panel (10) has a light-emitting element (11). The light-emitting element (11) has the function of emitting light using power supplied from a secondary battery (20).

[0131] Additionally, the light-emitting panel (10) may have the function of emitting light using power supplied from sources other than the secondary battery (20).

[0132] The secondary battery (20) has a portion that overlaps with the light-emitting panel (10).

[0133] In addition, the secondary battery (20) may have the function of supplying power in addition to the light-emitting panel (10).

[0134] The secondary battery (20) corresponds to the battery unit (120) exemplified in embodiment 1 and has a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, an electrolyte, and an outer casing.

[0135] The circuit (30) has an antenna (31). The antenna (31) has a portion that overlaps with the light-emitting panel (10). The circuit (30) can charge the secondary battery (20) wirelessly (which may also be called 'non-contact').

[0136] By having at least one of the portions where the light-emitting panel (10) and the circuit (30) overlap each other, and the portion where the light-emitting panel (10) and the secondary battery (20) overlap each other, the light-emitting device (150) can be miniaturized. In particular, it is preferable to provide a portion where the three of the light-emitting panel (10), the secondary battery (20), and the circuit (30) overlap each other.

[0137] It is preferable that the secondary battery (20) has a portion that overlaps with the circuit (30). For example, at least a portion of the antenna (31) may overlap with the secondary battery (20). It is preferable to maintain the appearance of the light-emitting device by overlapping the light-emitting panel (10), the secondary battery (20), and the circuit (30), such as by placing the antenna (31) between the light-emitting panel (10) and the secondary battery (20), so that the antenna (31) is difficult for the user of the light-emitting device to see. The antenna (31) placed between the light-emitting panel (10) and the secondary battery (20) receives power from an external antenna through the light-emitting panel (10).

[0138] If the operating environment of the light-emitting device is specified, a light-emitting element capable of emitting light under that environment and a secondary battery capable of supplying power to the light-emitting panel under that environment are used.

[0139] A light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention is preferably usable in low-temperature and high-temperature environments. In addition, a light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention is preferably usable in a wide temperature range (e.g., 0°C or higher and 100°C or lower, preferably -25°C or higher and 150°C or lower, more preferably -50°C or higher and 200°C or lower). A light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention may be used indoors or outdoors.

[0140] In one embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that the light-emitting element of the light-emitting device be able to emit light under an environment of 0°C and an environment of 100°C, respectively. In addition, in one embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that the secondary battery of the light-emitting device be able to supply power to the light-emitting panel under an environment of 0°C and an environment of 100°C, respectively.

[0141] The light-emitting device may have a switch. In FIG. 9 (C) and (D), a light-emitting panel (10), a secondary battery (20), a circuit (30), a circuit (50), and a switch (51) are shown as light-emitting units.

[0142] For example, as shown in (C) of FIG. 9, when the switch (51) is in the off state, the circuit (30) can wirelessly charge the secondary battery (20).

[0143] For example, as shown in (D) of FIG. 9, when the switch (51) is in the ON state, the secondary battery (20) can supply power to the light-emitting panel (10).

[0144] Below, details of each element of a light-emitting device of one form of the present invention will be described.

[0145] <Light-emitting panel (10)>

[0146] The light-emitting panel (10) has a light-emitting element (11). Additionally, the light-emitting panel may have a detection element such as a touch sensor. An example of the configuration of the light-emitting panel (10) is described in detail in Embodiment 6.

[0147] The light-emitting panel (10) may use an active matrix method having active elements (active elements, non-linear elements) in the pixels, or a passive matrix method not having active elements in the pixels.

[0148] The light-emitting panel (10) may have flexibility. For example, the flexibility of the light-emitting panel (10) can be increased by using a film on at least one of the support substrate and the sealing substrate of the light-emitting element (11).

[0149] It is preferable to use a light-emitting element (11) capable of emitting light in a low-temperature environment and a high-temperature environment. As a low-temperature environment, for example, an environment of -100°C or higher and 0°C or lower, preferably an environment of -100°C or higher and -25°C or lower, more preferably an environment of -100°C or higher and -50°C or lower. As a high-temperature environment, for example, an environment of 100°C or higher and 300°C or lower, preferably an environment of 150°C or higher and 300°C or lower, more preferably an environment of 200°C or higher and 300°C or lower. In addition, the light-emitting element (11) can emit light not only in a low-temperature environment and a high-temperature environment, but also in an environment higher than 0°C and lower than 100°C. For example, the light-emitting element (11) can emit light at room temperature (20°C or higher and 30°C or lower).

[0150] As for the light-emitting element (11), a self-emissive element may be used, and an element whose brightness is controlled by current or voltage is included in the category. For example, a light-emitting diode (LED), an organic EL element, an inorganic EL element, etc. may be used. In addition, it is not limited to a light-emitting element, and a display element may also be applied.

[0151] The higher the heat resistance of the light-emitting element (11), the more desirable it is. For example, when using an organic EL element in the light-emitting element (11), the glass transition temperature of each organic compound included in the organic EL element is preferably 100°C or higher and 300°C or lower, and more preferably 150°C or higher and 300°C or lower.

[0152] In a light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention, since the antenna receives power from an external antenna through a light-emitting panel, it is preferable that the thickness of a pair of electrodes of the light-emitting element (11) be as thin as possible. For example, the sum of the thicknesses of a pair of electrodes is 1 μm or less, preferably 500 nm or less, more preferably 350 nm or less, and even more preferably 250 nm or less.

[0153] <Secondary battery (20)>

[0154] Examples of secondary batteries (20) include lithium-ion secondary batteries such as lithium polymer batteries (lithium-ion polymer batteries) using a gel electrolyte, lithium-ion batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, organic radical batteries, lead-acid batteries, air secondary batteries, nickel-zinc batteries, silver-zinc batteries, etc.

[0155] It is desirable to use lithium-ion secondary batteries capable of realizing high energy density, as this enables the light-emitting device to be made lighter and smaller.

[0156] For example, a secondary battery having a non-aqueous electrolyte can be used. This non-aqueous electrolyte comprises an ionic liquid (room temperature molten salt) and an alkali metal salt. Since the ionic liquid is flame-retardant and non-volatile, a secondary battery with high heat resistance can be realized.

[0157] Secondary batteries using gel electrolytes and all-solid-state secondary batteries using solid electrolytes are desirable because they each have high heat resistance and safety.

[0158] As for the secondary battery (20), secondary batteries of various shapes such as coin type (single-layer flat type), cylindrical type, thin type, prismatic type, and sealed type may be used. In addition, it may be a structure in which a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator are stacked in multiple layers, or a structure in which a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator are wound (wound type).

[0159] The secondary battery (20) may be flexible. For example, the flexibility of the secondary battery (20) can be increased by using a film in the outer body. The area surrounded by the outer body has at least a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte (or electrolyte solution).

[0160] In the light-emitting device, the light-emitting element (11) and the secondary battery (20) may be arranged in an overlapping configuration. The larger the overlapping area between the light-emitting element (11) and the secondary battery (20), the more the secondary battery (20) can be warmed using the heat generated by the light-emitting element (11). Even when using a secondary battery that is difficult to operate in a low-temperature environment compared to a high-temperature environment, the reliability of the light-emitting device can be increased.

[0161] An example of the configuration of the secondary battery (20) is described in detail in Embodiment 4.

[0162] <Circuit (30)>

[0163] The circuit (30) has an antenna (31). Additionally, the circuit (30) may have a controller (32).

[0164] The antenna (31) may receive power from an external antenna (e.g., the antenna (68) of a charger). The antenna (31) may receive power from an external antenna through a light-emitting panel (10). Alternatively, the antenna (31) may receive power from an external antenna through a secondary battery (20).

[0165] The controller (32) has the function of converting power received by the antenna (31) into power to be supplied to the secondary battery (20) and outputting it to the secondary battery (20). For example, the controller (32) may have the function of an ACDC converter. In that case, the power received by the antenna (31) is converted into DC power and output to the secondary battery (20).

[0166] In the light-emitting device according to the present embodiment, charging is performed by using a structure in which power is transmitted to the secondary coil side non-contactually by an electromagnetic induction method in which the antenna (68) (primary coil) of the charger and the antenna (31) (secondary coil) of the light-emitting device are magnetically coupled and a voltage is generated in the secondary coil from the alternating magnetic field generated from the primary coil. In addition, the method of receiving power is not limited to the electromagnetic induction method.

[0167] The use of the antenna in the light-emitting device is not limited to charging a secondary battery without contact. For example, the light-emitting device may be provided with an antenna and a memory to transmit and receive electronic data. Depending on the received data, images or information may be displayed on the light-emitting panel (10). Additionally, an antenna capable of acquiring location information or GPS time may be provided by having a GPS function.

[0168] For safety reasons, it is preferable not to expose the input / output terminals for charging or discharging the secondary battery to the surface of the light-emitting device. If the input / output terminals are exposed, there is a risk that the input / output terminals may be short-circuited by water, such as rain, or that the user may be electrocuted if the input / output terminals come into contact with the body. Since the secondary battery can be charged without contact by using the antenna (31), the configuration can be made so that the input / output terminals are not exposed to the surface of the light-emitting device.

[0169] <Member (40) having rubber elasticity>

[0170] A rubber-elastic member (40) has a light-emitting unit comprising a light-emitting panel (10), a secondary battery (20), and a circuit (30) inside. The light-emitting unit is sealed by the rubber-elastic member (40) and isolated from the atmosphere outside the light-emitting device. For the rubber-elastic member, reference may also be made to Embodiment 1.

[0171] <Circuit (50)>

[0172] The circuit (50) has the function of converting power supplied from the secondary battery (20) into power that causes the light-emitting element (11) to emit light. For example, it may have the function of converting the output voltage of the secondary battery (20) into a voltage required for the light-emitting element (11) to emit light (boost or step down).

[0173] Additionally, the circuit (50) may have a function to control the timing of the light-emitting element (11) emitting light. For example, it may have a function to drive the light-emitting element (11) so that the light-emitting element (11) blinks.

[0174] Additionally, the circuit (50) may have the function of generating a signal to drive the light-emitting panel (10) and outputting it to the light-emitting panel (10). The circuit (50) may have a signal line driving circuit or a scan line driving circuit. Additionally, the light-emitting panel (10) may have a signal line driving circuit or a scan line driving circuit.

[0175] Switch (51)

[0176] The switch (51) is electrically connected to the circuit (50). Additionally, the switch (51) is electrically connected to the secondary battery (20). Additionally, the switch (51) is electrically connected to the circuit (30).

[0177] As for the switch (51), there are no particular limitations, and for example, an electric switch, a mechanical switch, etc. can be used. Specifically, examples include a transistor, a diode, a magnetic switch, a switch having mechanical contacts, etc.

[0178] Specific examples of a light-emitting unit are illustrated in FIG. 10 (A) and (B). FIG. 10 (A) illustrates the surface (light-emitting surface) of the light-emitting unit, and FIG. 10 (B) illustrates the back surface of the light-emitting unit.

[0179] In FIG. 10 (A) and (B), an example is shown using a laminated secondary battery as the secondary battery (20). As shown in FIG. 10 (B), the central part of the secondary battery (20) is a part where a plurality of electrodes are stacked, and it is thicker than the end part.

[0180] The electrode (21a) is electrically connected to one of the positive and negative electrodes of the secondary battery. The electrode (21b) is electrically connected to the other of the positive and negative electrodes of the secondary battery.

[0181] The electrodes (21a, 21b) are bent through the circuit board (55) and are electrically connected to the terminals (33a, 33b) on the circuit board (55), respectively.

[0182] A circuit board (55) is provided with a component (shown as an electronic component (35)) that constitutes the circuit (30), circuit (50), etc. shown in (C) of FIG. 9. The circuit board (55) is provided with an electronic component, such as, for example, a capacitive element, a resistor element, or a switching element. For example, a printed circuit board can be used as the circuit board (55).

[0183] Additionally, a switch (51) is provided on the circuit board (55). In (A) and (B) of FIG. 10, an example is shown using a magnetic switch as the switch (51). The switch can be switched on / off by attaching or detaching the magnet.

[0184] The antenna (31) is electrically connected to a terminal (34) on the circuit board (55). A portion of the antenna (31) is located between the secondary battery (20) and the light-emitting panel (10). That is, in the light-emitting device, the antenna (31) has a portion that overlaps with the light-emitting panel (10). Additionally, the antenna (31) has a portion that overlaps with the secondary battery (20).

[0185] The antenna (31) can receive power from an external antenna through the light-emitting panel (10).

[0186] In the light-emitting panel (10), the terminal (12a) is electrically connected to one of the positive and negative electrodes of the light-emitting element (11). The terminal (12b) is electrically connected to the other of the positive and negative electrodes of the light-emitting element (11). Additionally, the terminals (12a, 12b) may each function as the positive or negative electrode of the light-emitting element (11).

[0187] Terminal (12a) is electrically connected to terminal (52a) on the circuit board (55) through wiring (53a). Terminal (12b) is electrically connected to terminal (52b) on the circuit board (55) through wiring (53b).

[0188] In a light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention, a secondary battery and an antenna each have a portion that overlaps with the light-emitting panel independently. Additionally, the secondary battery and the circuit have a portion that overlaps. As illustrated in (A) and (B) of FIG. 10, for example, a portion of the antenna may be located between the light-emitting panel and the secondary battery.

[0189] As described above, if at least two of the elements constituting the light-emitting device, such as a secondary battery, a light-emitting panel, a circuit board, and an antenna, have overlapping parts, it is desirable to enable the miniaturization of the light-emitting device.

[0190] For example, it is preferable that the secondary battery (20) has a portion that overlaps with at least one of the light-emitting panel (10), the circuit board (55), and the antenna (31). As illustrated in (A) and (B) of FIG. 10, it is particularly preferable that the secondary battery (20) has a portion that overlaps with each of the light-emitting panel (10), the circuit board (55), and the antenna (31).

[0191] The environment in which a light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention can be used is not limited to an atmospheric environment. A light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention can be used, for example, in water at a temperature of 0°C or higher and 100°C or lower. Due to the wide usable temperature range of the light-emitting element and the secondary battery, and the fact that the light-emitting element and the secondary battery are sealed by a member having rubber elasticity, a light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention can ensure high reliability even when used in water.

[0192] FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0193] As illustrated in FIG. 11, the light-emitting device has a light-emitting panel (10), a secondary battery (20), and a circuit (30) inside a member (40) having rubber elasticity. In FIG. 11, for simplification, the thicknesses of the light-emitting panel (10), the secondary battery (20), and the circuit (30) are shown as being approximately the same, but their respective thicknesses may be different.

[0194] The space sealed by the member (40) having rubber elasticity is preferably a reduced pressure atmosphere or an inert atmosphere. By using these atmospheres, the reliability of the light-emitting panel (10), etc. can be increased compared to the case of an atmospheric atmosphere.

[0195] A member (40) having rubber elasticity can transmit light emitted by a light-emitting element of a light-emitting panel (10). A user can see the light-emitting panel (10), the secondary battery (20), and the circuit (30) through the member (40) having rubber elasticity.

[0196] In FIG. 11 (A), a configuration is illustrated in which the secondary battery (20) and the light-emitting panel (10) overlap when viewed from the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting device, and the secondary battery (20) and the circuit (30) overlap. However, as illustrated in FIG. 11 (B), the configuration may be such that the light-emitting panel (10) and the circuit (30) overlap. Additionally, instead of the circuit (30), the circuit board (55) illustrated in FIG. 10 (A) may be used.

[0197] In addition, the number of light-emitting panels (10), secondary batteries (20), and circuits (30) having the light-emitting device is not limited to one each, and may each have two or more independently.

[0198] An uneven surface structure (40a) is provided on the back side of the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting device.

[0199] The light-emitting device may have a touch panel. For example, as shown in (C) of FIG. 11, a touch panel (45) may be placed on a member (40) having rubber elasticity. For example, a capacitive touch panel may be placed. The light emitted by the light-emitting element is extracted to the outside through a detection element having the touch panel (45).

[0200] Additionally, the light-emitting unit may have a touch panel. For example, as shown in (D) of FIG. 11, the touch panel (45) may be located behind the light-emitting panel (10) when viewed from the light-emitting surface. This eliminates the need for the touch panel (45) to transmit light from the light-emitting element. FIG. 11 (D) illustrates an example in which the touch panel (45) is located between the light-emitting panel (10) and the secondary battery (20), but the secondary battery (20) may be located between the light-emitting panel (10) and the touch panel (45). For example, a pressure-sensitive touch panel may be used.

[0201] Additionally, the uneven structure (40a) may be formed by overlapping only one of the light-emitting panel (10) and the secondary battery (20). Figure 11 (E) illustrates an example where the light-emitting panel (10) and the uneven structure (40a) overlap, and Figure 11 (F) illustrates an example where the secondary battery (20) and the uneven structure (40a) overlap.

[0202] In addition, a light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention may be used as a display device or as a lighting device. For example, it may be utilized as a light source such as a backlight or a front light, that is, as a lighting device for a display device.

[0203] In addition, the light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention may be equipped with other semiconductor circuits, such as sensors including an imaging element, a gyroscope sensor, and an accelerometer sensor, a control circuit for preventing overcharging, and a touch panel. For example, by incorporating an imaging element, a captured image can be displayed on the light-emitting panel. In addition, by incorporating a touch panel, operation of the electronic device or input of information can be performed by touching a desired location on the touch panel. Furthermore, by incorporating memory or a CPU, a computer with a wide usable temperature range can be implemented.

[0204] In addition, the light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention may be provided with a belt or a hook for securing to the arm or wrist of a human body or a robot. The mounting site is not particularly limited as long as it is part of the human body or a robot, and may be mounted, for example, to the waist or ankle.

[0205] A light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention can be appropriately used as a portable light-emitting device, from having a secondary battery and being usable over a wide temperature range.

[0206] This embodiment can be appropriately combined with other embodiments.

[0207] (Embodiment 3)

[0208] In this embodiment, a method for manufacturing a capacitor device according to one form of the present invention is described.

[0209] In addition, while the present embodiment provides an example of manufacturing a capacitor device according to one embodiment of the present invention, a light-emitting device or a display device, etc., according to one embodiment of the present invention may also be manufactured in the same manner. Furthermore, the method of manufacturing the capacitor device, light-emitting device, and display device, etc., according to one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the method exemplified in the present embodiment.

[0210] In the following, we will describe an example of manufacturing a capacitor having an uneven structure on two opposing surfaces, similar to the capacitor (110) (see (A) of FIG. 2, etc.) exemplified in Embodiment 1. The manufacturing of the capacitor described in this embodiment can be done in the atmosphere and can be done simply and cheaply because no complex equipment is required.

[0211] <Example 1 of Method for Manufacturing a Capacitor Device>

[0212] First, a structure (191) used for manufacturing a capacitor is shown in (A) of FIG. 12. An enlarged view of the area (60) shown in (A) of FIG. 12 is shown in (B).

[0213] The structure (191) has a concave portion (192). It is preferable that the surface of the concave portion (192) be mirror-finished or otherwise processed to have high surface flatness. An uneven structure (192a) is provided in the concave portion (192).

[0214] The depth, width, and spacing of the concave portions of the uneven structure (192a) can be determined according to the height, width, and spacing of the convex portions of the uneven structure to be formed on a member having rubber elasticity. Additionally, the depth, width, and spacing of the concave portions may be the same value for all concave portions, or they may be different for each. For example, if there are parts that are resistant to bending and parts that are resistant to bending in the battery unit (120), by changing the size or spacing of the concave portions in the two parts, the part that is resistant to bending may not bend much, while the part that is resistant to bending may bend more severely.

[0215] Additionally, the uneven structure (192a) is not limited to a configuration having multiple concave portions. The uneven structure (192a) may have multiple convex portions. In that case, the member having rubber elasticity may have multiple concave portions with shapes corresponding to the multiple convex portions.

[0216] For example, a mold can be used as the structure (191). However, the material used for the structure (191) is not limited to metal. Materials such as glass, ceramic, organic resin, and wood may be used as the structure (191).

[0217] When manufacturing a battery storage device, two structures (191) are overlapped so that their concave portions (192) face each other, as shown in (C) of FIG. 12. Next, a battery unit (120) is placed within the space enclosed by the two concave portions (192).

[0218] Although an example using two structures (191) is illustrated in (C) of FIG. 12, the present invention is not limited thereto. Two structures having different shapes may be used. For example, the concave portions (192) in the two structures may have the same shape or different shapes. Also, the uneven structure (192a) in the two structures may have the same shape or different shapes. Furthermore, by using a structure having an uneven structure (192a) in the concave portion (192) and a structure having a flat concave portion (192), an uneven structure can be formed on only one side of the capacitor. Thus, a capacitor (100) illustrated in, for example, FIG. 1 (A), can be manufactured.

[0219] At this time, a part of the battery unit (120) may be exposed outside the space surrounded by the two concave parts (192). In (D) of FIG. 12, an example is shown in which the electrode leads (123) (positive lead and negative lead) of the battery unit (120) are exposed outside the space surrounded by the two concave parts (192). Additionally, a part of the outer body may be exposed. Additionally, the entire battery unit (120) may be located inside the space surrounded by the two concave parts (192). For example, a light-emitting device (150) (see FIG. 9 (A), etc.) can be manufactured by placing the entire light-emitting unit inside the space surrounded by the two concave parts (192).

[0220] Next, a liquid filler (195) is placed in the space enclosed by two concave portions (192). For example, a polymer material may be used as the filler (195). The filler (195) may be transparent after curing. Additionally, as the filler (195), a one-component material that does not require a curing agent, or a two-component material in which curing proceeds by mixing a main component and a curing agent, may be used. Additionally, a material that cures by heating or irradiation with light such as ultraviolet rays may be used. Furthermore, the filler (195) may have a moisture barrier that inhibits the penetration of moisture.

[0221] In this embodiment, a two-component material that becomes a silicone rubber with light transparency after curing is used as the filler (195).

[0222] A rubber-elastic member (109) can be formed by hardening the filler (195) along the shape of the two concave portions (192). After forming the rubber-elastic member (109), the two structures (191) are separated. Additionally, it is preferable to apply a release agent to the surface of the concave portions (192) before filling with the filler (195) so that the separation of the structures (191) and the rubber-elastic member (109) can be facilitated.

[0223] <Example 2 of Method for Manufacturing a Capacitor Device>

[0224] Next, a method for manufacturing a capacitor is described to make the thickness (t1) and thickness (t2) of a member (109) having rubber elasticity equal.

[0225] First, a spacer (165) is placed on the side of the battery unit (120).

[0226] A perspective view of a battery unit (120) with a spacer (165) placed thereon is shown in FIG. 13 (A), and a top view is shown in FIG. 13 (B). Additionally, a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed line V1-V2 in FIG. 13 (B) is shown in FIG. 13 (C), and a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed line V3-V4 is shown in FIG. 13 (D).

[0227] In FIG. 13 (A) to (C), an example is illustrated in which a spacer (165) having a U-shaped cross-section is placed on three sides of the battery unit (120). Specifically, the spacer (165) is placed so that the side of the battery unit (120) is positioned in the concave part of the spacer (165).

[0228] In addition, it is preferable that the thickness (t1) of the portion extending along one side of the battery unit (120) of the spacer (165) and the thickness (t2) of the portion extending along the other side of the battery unit (120) of the spacer (165) be the same thickness (see (D) of FIG. 13). Here, one side and the other side of the battery unit (120) are opposite surfaces. Also, depending on the purpose, such as when the bending direction of the battery unit (120) is determined, the thickness (t1) and the thickness (t2) may be different thicknesses.

[0229] Additionally, the thickness (T) is defined as the sum of the thickness (t1), thickness (t2), and the thickness (t3) of the battery unit (120). Here, the thickness (t3) of the battery unit (120) can be, for example, the maximum value of the thickness of the battery unit (120). Additionally, the thickness (t3) of the battery unit (120) may be the average value of the thickness of the battery unit (120) in the area where the battery unit (120) contacts the spacer (165). Furthermore, the thickness (T) may be varied depending on the position on the battery unit (120).

[0230] In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the spacer (165) is not necessarily limited to a U-shape. For example, as shown in (E) of FIG. 13, a spacer (165a) having a Y-shape cross-section may be used instead of a spacer (165) having a U-shape cross-section.

[0231] It is preferable to place at least one spacer (165) on each of at least three sides of the battery unit (120). Although examples are illustrated in FIG. 13 (A) and (B) where multiple spacers (165) are placed on two long sides of the battery unit (120) and one spacer is placed on one short side, this is not limited thereto. For example, spacers (165) may be placed on four sides of the battery unit (120).

[0232] Additionally, as shown in FIG. 14 (A), spacers (165) may be placed at the four corners of the battery unit (120). Also, as shown in FIG. 14 (B), part or all of the three sides of the battery unit (120) may be covered with spacers (165).

[0233] Additionally, as illustrated in FIG. 15, rectangular spacers (165b), spacers (165c), and spacers (165d) may be placed on the battery unit (120). FIG. 15 (A) shows a top view of the battery unit (120) with spacers (165b), spacers (165c), and spacers (165d) placed thereon. FIG. 15 (B) shows a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed line V5-V6 in FIG. 15 (A), and FIG. 15 (C) shows a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed line V7-V8. Spacers (165b) and spacers (165c) placed on the same surface of the battery unit (120) have different thicknesses. In FIG. 15 (B), the thickness of the spacer (165b) placed on the thickest area (area of ​​thickness (t3)) of the battery unit (120) is given as thickness (t1) and thickness (t2). The spacer (165c) placed on the same side as the spacer (165b) of thickness (t1) is thicker than thickness (t1). The spacer (165c) placed on the same side as the spacer (165b) of thickness (t2) is thicker than thickness (t2). It is preferable that the spacer (165d) have a thickness less than or equal to thickness (T). Additionally, the width (length in the V7-V8 direction) of the spacer (165d) is not limited and can be appropriately determined. For example, the narrower the width of the spacer (165d), the smaller the capacitor device can be, and the wider the width, the higher the reliability of the capacitor device can be.

[0234] Next, the structure (191) and the structure (191) are overlapped to place the battery unit (120) provided with a spacer within the space enclosed by the concave portion (192) and the concave portion (192). At this time, care is taken not to ensure that the battery unit (120) provided with a spacer does not protrude from the concave portion of the structure.

[0235] FIG. 16 (A) is a perspective view of two structures (191) superimposed with a battery unit (120) provided with a spacer in between. FIG. 16 (B) and (C) are cross-sectional views taken along the dotted line V9-V10 in FIG. 16 (A). These cross-sectional views are taken when cutting at a location containing a spacer. FIG. 16 (B) shows the case where a spacer (165) is used, and FIG. 16 (C) shows the case where a spacer (165a) is used. The battery unit (120) provided with a spacer is placed within a space surrounded by two concave portions (192). At this time, it is preferable that the distance (k) within this space is equal to the thickness (T).

[0236] Next, as shown in (D) of FIG. 12, a liquid filler (195) is placed into a space surrounded by two concave portions (192). At this time, if the viscosity of the filler (195) is high, a gap may form around the spacer (165), which may reduce the reliability of the capacitor device being manufactured. If a filler (195) with low viscosity is used, the filler (195) can easily enter around the spacer (165), thereby suppressing the formation of a gap. The viscosity of the filler (195) is preferably 10 Pa·s (Pascal-seconds) or less, more preferably 5 Pa·s or less, and even more preferably 1 Pa·s or less.

[0237] By hardening the filler (195) along the shape of the two concave portions (192), a member (109) having rubber elasticity can be formed. After forming the member (109) having rubber elasticity, the two structures (191) are separated.

[0238] In addition, by forming the rubber elastic member (109) using a material having the same composition as the spacer, the bonding state between the spacer and the rubber elastic member (109) can be made good. Accordingly, the intrusion of impurities from the bonding interface can be prevented, thereby improving the reliability of the capacitor device.

[0239] In addition, if the spacer and the rubber elastic member (109) are made of different materials, optical distortion may occur near the boundary between the spacer and the rubber elastic member (109) due to differences in refractive index or transmittance. Therefore, when the display panel is covered with the rubber elastic member (109) in addition to the secondary battery, the display quality of the display device may be degraded. Therefore, it is desirable to arrange the spacer so as not to overlap with the display area.

[0240] Therefore, it is preferable to use a material having a refractive index or transmittance, such as a spacer, in the member (109) having rubber elasticity. By doing so, the two can be joined so that the boundary is indistinguishable. Accordingly, the display quality of the display device can be improved.

[0241] For example, by using a filler such as the filler (195) as a spacer, a spacer having the same composition as the rubber elastic member (109) can be formed. By using a material having the same composition for the spacer and the rubber elastic member (109), the refractive index or transmittance of both can be made the same.

[0242] <Example 3 of Method for Manufacturing a Capacitor Device>

[0243] In manufacturing method examples 3 and 4 of the capacitor device described below, a member (109) having rubber elasticity can be formed with less material compared to manufacturing method examples 1 and 2. In addition, the number of structural members used can be reduced compared to manufacturing method examples 1 and 2. Manufacturing method examples 3 and 4 are particularly effective when the thickness of the member (109) having rubber elasticity is made thin. For example, it is particularly effective when the thickness (t1) or thickness (t2) is 1 mm or less, preferably 500 μm or less. In manufacturing method examples 3 and 4, the productivity of the capacitor device or display device can be further increased.

[0244] Figure 17 (A) shows a structure (521) used for manufacturing a capacitor. Figure 17 (B) shows an enlarged view of the area (61) shown in Figure 17 (A). In addition, Figure 17 (C) shows a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line X1-X2 in Figure 17 (A), and Figure 17 (D) shows a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line Y1-Y2. In addition, Figure 17 (E) shows an enlarged view of the area (62) shown in Figure 17 (D).

[0245] The structure (521) has a concave portion (522). An uneven structure (522a) is provided in the concave portion (522).

[0246] Additionally, the uneven structure (522a) is not limited to a configuration having multiple concave portions. The uneven structure (522a) may have multiple convex portions.

[0247] The depth (d1) of the concave portion (522) is preferably the same as the depth obtained by adding the thickness (t1) or thickness (t2) and thickness (t3). Additionally, the depth (d1) of the concave portion (522) does not include the depth of the concave portion of the uneven structure (522a).

[0248] For example, a mold can be used as the structure (521). However, the material used for the structure (521) is not limited to metal. As the structure (521), materials such as glass, ceramic, organic resin, and wood may be used.

[0249] First, a filler (195) is placed in the concave portion (522). Then, the filler (195) is cured to produce a layer (531) having rubber elasticity (see (A) of FIG. 18). The amount of filler (195) can be determined according to the thickness (t1) of the layer (531) having rubber elasticity being produced and the depth of the uneven structure (522a) (see (B) and (C) of FIG. 18). Additionally, an enlarged view of the area (63) shown in (C) of FIG. 18 is shown in (D) of FIG. 18.

[0250] Next, a battery unit (120) is placed on a rubber elastic layer (531) (see FIG. 19). At this time, care is taken to ensure that no air bubbles are formed between the battery unit (120) and the rubber elastic layer (531).

[0251] FIG. 20 (A) is a perspective view showing a battery unit (120) placed on a layer (531) having rubber elasticity. In addition, FIG. 20 (B) shows a cross-sectional view cut along the dashed line X1-X2 in FIG. 20 (A), and FIG. 20 (C) shows a cross-sectional view cut along the dashed line Y1-Y2.

[0252] Additionally, after placing the battery unit (120) on the rubber elastic layer (531), the filler (195) may be added to the concave portion (522) and then cured. This allows the relative position of the rubber elastic layer (531) and the battery unit (120) to be fixed. Therefore, after separation from the structure (521), it is possible to suppress the entry of air bubbles between the rubber elastic layer (531) and the battery unit (120). An example is shown in FIG. 21 (A) where the added filler (195) is thinner than the battery unit (120), and an example is shown in FIG. 21 (B) where the added filler (195) is of equal thickness to the battery unit (120).

[0253] Next, the rubber elastic layer (531) is separated from the structure (521) together with the battery unit (120) (see FIG. 22 (A)). Also, FIG. 22 (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line Y1-Y2 in FIG. 22 (A) and is a cross-sectional view of the battery unit (120) provided on the rubber elastic layer (531). FIG. 22 (C) shows an enlarged view of the area (64) shown in FIG. 22 (B).

[0254] Additionally, a filler (195) is placed in the concave portion (522) (see FIG. 23). At this time, a different filler may be used than in the previous process. For example, the surface and back surfaces of the capacitor may have a layer having rubber elasticity with different hardness or color. Alternatively, if the filler (195) being filled here is made of the same material as the layer having rubber elasticity (531), the bonding between the filler (195) and the layer having rubber elasticity (531) after curing is good, and a substantially seamless rubber elastic member can be formed. Next, the battery unit (120) is inverted together with the rubber elastic layer (531), and the battery unit (120) is placed on the filler (195) in the concave portion (522) so that the battery unit (120) faces the filler (195) in the concave portion (522) without interposing the rubber elastic layer (531). At this time, care is taken to ensure that no air bubbles enter between the battery unit (120) and the filler (195).

[0255] FIG. 24 (A) is a perspective view showing a battery unit (120) placed on a filler (195) within a concave portion (522). Additionally, FIG. 24 (B) shows a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line X1-X2 in FIG. 24 (A), and FIG. 24 (C) shows a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line Y1-Y2.

[0256] The thickness (t2) after curing is determined by the amount of filler (195) (see (B) in FIG. 25). Additionally, the amount of filler (195) should be set so that at least the end of the battery unit (120) is covered.

[0257] After that, the filler (195) in the concave portion (522) is hardened. The hardened filler (195) is bonded to a layer (531) having rubber elasticity to become an integral, and a member (109) having rubber elasticity is formed. After the formation of the member (109) having rubber elasticity, the member (109) having rubber elasticity and the battery unit (120) are extracted from the structure (521) (see (A) of FIG. 25). A cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line Y1-Y2 in (A) of FIG. 25 is shown in (B) of FIG. 25.

[0258] <Example 4 of the Method for Manufacturing a Capacitor Device>

[0259] Example 4 of the method for manufacturing a capacitor device describes a case where an uneven structure is provided on only one side of the capacitor device.

[0260] Figure 26 (A) shows a structure (551) used for manufacturing a capacitor. Figure 26 (B) shows an enlarged view of the area (65) shown in Figure 26 (A). In addition, Figure 26 (C) shows a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line X3-X4 in Figure 26 (A), and Figure 26 (D) shows a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line Y3-Y4. In addition, Figure 26 (E) shows an enlarged view of the area (66) shown in Figure 26 (D).

[0261] The structure (551) has a concave portion (552). An uneven structure (552a) is provided in the concave portion (552).

[0262] Additionally, the uneven structure (552a) is not limited to a configuration having multiple concave portions. The uneven structure (552a) may have multiple convex portions.

[0263] The depth (d2) of the concave portion (552) is preferably greater than or equal to the thickness (T). For example, if the thickness (t3) is 70 μm and the thicknesses (t1) and (t2) are 100 μm, it is preferable to make the depth (d2) 270 μm or greater. Additionally, the depth (d2) of the concave portion (552) does not include the depth of the convex portion of the uneven structure (552a).

[0264] For example, a mold can be used as the structure (551). However, the material used for the structure (551) is not limited to metal. As the structure (551), materials such as glass, ceramic, organic resin, and wood may be used.

[0265] Additionally, a filler (195) is placed in the concave portion (552). Afterward, the filler (195) is cured to produce a layer (531) having rubber elasticity (see (A) of FIG. 27). The amount of filler (195) can be determined according to the thickness (t1) of the layer (531) having rubber elasticity being produced (see (B) and (C) of FIG. 27). Additionally, an enlarged view of the area (67) shown in (C) of FIG. 27 is shown in (D) of FIG. 27.

[0266] Next, a battery unit (120) is placed on a rubber elastic layer (531) within a concave portion (552) (see FIG. 28). At this time, care is taken to ensure that no air bubbles are formed between the battery unit (120) and the rubber elastic layer (531).

[0267] FIG. 29 (A) is a perspective view showing a battery unit (120) placed on a layer (531) having rubber elasticity. FIG. 29 (B) shows a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line X3-X4 in FIG. 29 (A), and FIG. 29 (C) shows a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line Y3-Y4.

[0268] Next, a filler (195) is filled into the concave portion (552), and the battery unit (120) is covered with the filler (195). The filler (195) used here may be made of the same material as the rubber elastic layer (531) or may be made of a different material. If the filler (195) used here is made of the same material as the rubber elastic layer (531), the bonding between the filler (195) and the rubber elastic layer (531) after curing is good, and a rubber elastic member with substantially no seams can be formed.

[0269] FIG. 30 (A) is a perspective view showing the state in which a filler (195) is filled into the concave portion (552). FIG. 30 (B) shows a cross-sectional view cut along the dotted line X3-X4 in FIG. 30 (A), and FIG. 30 (C) shows a cross-sectional view cut along the dotted line Y3-Y4. The thickness (t2) is determined according to the amount of filler (195) (see FIG. 31 (B)). Additionally, the amount of filler (195) should be set so that at least the end of the battery unit (120) is covered.

[0270] After that, the filler (195) in the concave portion (552) is hardened. The hardened filler (195) is bonded to a layer (531) having rubber elasticity to become an integral, and a member (109) having rubber elasticity is formed. After that, the member (109) having rubber elasticity and the battery unit (120) are extracted from the structure (551) (see (A) of FIG. 31). A cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line Y3-Y4 in (A) of FIG. 31 is shown in (B) of FIG. 31.

[0271] <Example 5 of the Method for Manufacturing a Capacitor Device>

[0272] In Examples 1 to 4 of the manufacturing method of the capacitor device, a structure having an uneven structure in the concave portion was used, but one embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, a structure not having an uneven structure in the concave portion may be used. Also, after covering the battery unit (120) with a rubber elastic member (109) having a flat surface, the rubber elastic member (109) may be cut with a sharp knife or the like to form an uneven structure. For example, a hot wire cutter, an ultrasonic cutter, etc. may be used to form the uneven structure.

[0273] As described above, by using the manufacturing method exemplified in this embodiment, a battery unit or a light-emitting unit can be covered with a member having rubber elasticity. This suppresses the intrusion of moisture from the atmosphere, thereby increasing the reliability of the device. Furthermore, it is possible to realize a device that is resistant to damage even when subjected to repeated bending and stretching.

[0274] This embodiment can be appropriately combined with other embodiments.

[0275] (Embodiment 4)

[0276] In this embodiment, a battery unit that can be used in a storage device according to one embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to FIGS. 32 to 43. In addition, the battery unit according to one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the configuration exemplified in this embodiment and can be applied to various shapes and forms.

[0277] In this embodiment, a lithium-ion secondary battery is described as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto. One form of the present invention may be applied to a battery, a primary battery, a secondary battery, a lithium-air battery, a lead-acid battery, a lithium-ion polymer secondary battery, a nickel-hydrogen battery, a nickel-cadmium battery, a nickel-iron battery, a nickel-zinc battery, a silver oxide zinc battery, a solid-state battery, an air battery, a zinc-air battery, a capacitor, a lithium-ion capacitor, an electric double-layer capacitor, an ultra-capacitor, a supercapacitor, etc.

[0278] <Composition Example 1>

[0279] A battery unit (500) is illustrated in FIG. 32 (A). FIG. 32 (A) illustrates the form of a thin battery as an example of the battery unit (500), but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, a battery using a wound body, or a cylindrical or coin-shaped battery may be applied to the battery storage device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0280] As illustrated in FIG. 32 (A), the battery unit (500) has a positive electrode (503), a negative electrode (506), a separator (507), and an outer casing (509). The battery unit (500) may have a positive electrode lead (510) and a negative electrode lead (511).

[0281] FIG. 33 illustrates an example of a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line A1-A2 in (A) of FIG. 32. FIG. 33 illustrates the cross-sectional structure of a battery unit (500) made using a pair of positive electrodes (503) and negative electrodes (506).

[0282] As illustrated in FIG. 33, the battery unit (500) has a positive electrode (503), a negative electrode (506), a separator (507), an electrolyte (508), and an outer casing (509). The separator (507) is sandwiched between the positive electrode (503) and the negative electrode (506). The area enclosed by the outer casing (509) is filled with the electrolyte (508).

[0283] The positive electrode (503) includes a positive active material layer (502) and a positive current collector (501). The negative electrode (506) includes a negative active material layer (505) and a negative current collector (504). The active material layer can be formed on one side or both sides of the current collector. A separator (507) is located between the positive current collector (501) and the negative current collector (504).

[0284] The battery unit has one or more positive electrodes and one or more negative electrodes. For example, the battery unit may have a stacked structure consisting of multiple positive electrodes and multiple negative electrodes.

[0285] Figure 34 (A) shows another example of a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line A1-A2 in Figure 32 (A). Also, Figure 34 (B) shows a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line B1-B2 in Figure 32 (A).

[0286] FIG. 34 illustrates a cross-sectional structure of a battery unit (500) made using multiple pairs of positive electrodes (503) and negative electrodes (506). The number of electrode layers in the battery unit (500) is not limited. If the number of electrode layers is large, it can be made into a capacitor with a larger capacity. Also, if the number of electrode layers is small, it can be made into a capacitor that is thin and highly flexible.

[0287] FIG. 34 illustrates an example in which two positive electrodes (503) having a positive active material layer (502) on one side of a positive current collector (501), two positive electrodes (503) having a positive active material layer (502) on both sides of a positive current collector (501), and three negative electrodes (506) having a negative active material layer (505) on both sides of a negative current collector (504) are used. That is, the battery unit (500) has six layers of positive active material layers (502) and six layers of negative active material layers (505). In addition, FIG. 34 illustrates an example in which the separator (507) is in the shape of a pouch, but is not limited thereto, and the separator (507) may be rectangular or bellows-shaped.

[0288] Next, an external view of the anode (503) is shown in (B) of FIG. 32. The anode (503) has an anode current collector (501) and an anode active material layer (502).

[0289] Additionally, the external view of the cathode (506) is shown in (C) of FIG. 32. The cathode (506) has a cathode current collector (504) and a cathode active material layer (505).

[0290] Here, the positive electrode (503) and the negative electrode (506) preferably have a tab region to electrically connect a plurality of stacked positive electrodes or a plurality of negative electrodes. Additionally, it is preferable to electrically connect electrode leads to the tab region.

[0291] As illustrated in FIG. 32 (B), the positive electrode (503) preferably has a tab region (281). It is preferable that a portion of the tab region (281) be welded to the positive electrode lead (510). It is preferable that the tab region (281) have an area where the positive electrode current collector (501) is exposed, and by welding the positive electrode lead (510) to the area where the positive electrode current collector (501) is exposed, the contact resistance can be lowered. Additionally, FIG. 32 (B) illustrates an example where the positive electrode current collector (501) is exposed over the entire area of ​​the tab region (281), but the tab region (281) may have a positive electrode active material layer (502) in a portion thereof.

[0292] As illustrated in FIG. 32 (C), the cathode (506) preferably has a tab region (282). It is preferable that a portion of the tab region (282) be welded to the cathode lead (511). The tab region (282) preferably has an area where the cathode current collector (504) is exposed, and by welding the cathode lead (511) to the area where the cathode current collector (504) is exposed, the contact resistance can be lowered. Additionally, FIG. 32 (C) illustrates an example where the cathode current collector (504) is exposed across the entire tab region (282), but the tab region (282) may have a cathode active material layer (505) in a portion thereof.

[0293] In Fig. 32 (A), an example is shown in which the ends of the positive electrode (503) and the negative electrode (506) are roughly aligned, but the positive electrode (503) may have a portion located further outward than the end of the negative electrode (506).

[0294] In the battery unit (500), the area of ​​the region that does not overlap with the positive electrode (503) of the negative electrode (506) is preferably smaller.

[0295] In FIG. 33 (A), an example is illustrated in which the end of the cathode (506) is located inside the anode (503). By configuring it in this way, the entire cathode (506) can be overlapped with the anode (503), or the area of ​​the region of the cathode (506) that does not overlap with the anode (503) can be reduced.

[0296] Alternatively, in the battery unit (500), it is preferable that the areas of the positive electrode (503) and the negative electrode (506) are approximately the same. For example, it is preferable that the areas of the positive electrode (503) and the negative electrode (506) facing each other with a separator (507) inserted are approximately the same. For example, it is preferable that the area of ​​the positive active material layer (502) and the area of ​​the negative active material layer (505) facing each other with a separator (507) inserted are approximately the same.

[0297] For example, as illustrated in FIG. 34, it is preferable that the surface area of ​​the separator (507) side of the positive electrode (503) and the surface area of ​​the separator (507) side of the negative electrode (506) are approximately the same. This is preferable because making the surface area of ​​the negative electrode (506) side of the positive electrode (503) and the surface area of ​​the positive electrode (503) side of the negative electrode (506) approximately the same allows the area that does not overlap with the positive electrode (503) of the negative electrode (506) to be reduced (or ideally eliminated), thereby reducing the irreversible capacity of the battery unit (500). Alternatively, as illustrated in FIG. 34, it is preferable that the surface area of ​​the separator (507) side of the positive electrode active material layer (502) and the surface area of ​​the separator (507) side of the negative electrode active material layer (505) are approximately the same.

[0298] Additionally, as shown in FIG. 34, it is preferable that the end of the positive electrode (503) and the end of the negative electrode (506) be approximately aligned. Also, it is preferable that the end of the positive active material layer (502) and the negative active material layer (505) be approximately aligned.

[0299] Additionally, (B) of FIG. 33 illustrates an example in which the end of the anode (503) is located inside the cathode (506). By configuring it in this way, the entire anode (503) can be overlapped with the cathode (506), or the area of ​​the region of the anode (503) that does not overlap with the cathode (506) can be reduced. If the end of the cathode (506) is located inside the anode (503), current may be concentrated at the end of the cathode (506). For example, current may be concentrated in a part of the cathode (506), causing deposition on the cathode (506). By reducing the area of ​​the region of the anode (503) that does not overlap with the cathode (506), the concentration of current in a part of the cathode (506) can be suppressed. This is desirable because, for example, it is possible to suppress the deposition of lithium on the cathode (506).

[0300] As illustrated in (A) of FIG. 32, it is preferable that the positive lead (510) be electrically connected to the positive electrode (503). Likewise, it is preferable that the negative lead (511) be electrically connected to the negative electrode (506). The positive lead (510) and the negative lead (511) are exposed to the outside of the outer body (509) and function as terminals to obtain electrical connection with the outside.

[0301] Additionally, the positive current collector (501) and the negative current collector (504) may also serve as terminals for obtaining electrical contact with the outside. In this case, electrode leads may not be used, and a portion of the positive current collector (501) and the negative current collector (504) may be arranged so that they are exposed to the outside of the outer body (509).

[0302] In addition, in (A) of FIG. 32, the positive lead (510) and the negative lead (511) are arranged on the same side of the battery unit (500), but as shown in FIG. 35, the positive lead (510) and the negative lead (511) may be arranged on different sides of the battery unit (500). As such, the battery unit according to one embodiment of the present invention has a high degree of design freedom because the electrode leads can be freely arranged. Therefore, the degree of design freedom of a product using the battery unit according to one embodiment of the present invention can be increased. In addition, the productivity of a product using the battery unit according to one embodiment of the present invention can be increased.

[0303] Below, the components of the battery unit will be described in detail.

[0304] <<Whole House>>

[0305] There are no specific limitations on the current collector as long as it exhibits high conductivity without causing significant chemical changes within the capacitor. For the positive and negative current collectors, metals such as stainless steel, gold, platinum, zinc, iron, nickel, copper, aluminum, titanium, tantalum, and manganese, alloys thereof, or sintered carbon may be used, respectively. Alternatively, copper or stainless steel may be coated with carbon, nickel, or titanium. Alternatively, an aluminum alloy to which elements that improve heat resistance, such as silicon, titanium, neodymium, scandium, and molybdenum, are added may be used. Alternatively, the current collector may be formed from a metal element that reacts with silicon to form a silicide. Examples of metal elements that react with silicon to form a silicide include zirconium, titanium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, and nickel.

[0306] Irreversible reactions with the electrolyte may occur on the surface of the current collector. Therefore, it is desirable for the current collector to have low reactivity with the electrolyte. For example, it is preferable to use materials such as stainless steel for the current collector, as this can further reduce reactivity with the electrolyte.

[0307] In addition, various shapes including foil, plate (sheet), mesh, cylinder, coil, punched metal, expanded-metal, porous, and nonwoven fabric forms may be appropriately used for the positive current collector and the negative current collector, respectively. Furthermore, to improve adhesion with the active material layer, the positive current collector and the negative current collector may each have fine irregularities on their surfaces. Additionally, it is preferable to use positive current collectors and negative current collectors with a thickness of 5㎛ or more and 30㎛ or less.

[0308] Additionally, an undercoat layer may be provided on a portion of the surface of the current collector. Here, the undercoat layer refers to a coating layer for reducing the contact resistance between the current collector and the active material layer, or for improving the adhesion between the current collector and the active material layer. Furthermore, the undercoat layer does not need to be formed on the entire surface of the current collector, and may be formed in an island shape (partially). Additionally, the undercoat layer may exhibit capacitance as an active material. For example, carbon materials may be used as the undercoat layer. Examples of carbon materials may include carbon black such as acetylene black, carbon nanotubes, graphite, etc. Additionally, a metal layer, a layer containing carbon and a polymer, and a layer containing a metal and a polymer may be used as the undercoat layer.

[0309] <<Active Material Layer>>

[0310] The active material layer comprises an active material. While the term "active material" refers only to a substance involved in the insertion and removal of carrier ions, in this specification and others, a material that includes a conductive aid and a binder in addition to the material that is originally an "active material" is also referred to as an active material layer.

[0311] The positive active material layer has one or more types of positive active materials. The negative active material layer has one or more types of negative active materials.

[0312] The positive and negative active materials play a central role in the battery reaction of the capacitor and are materials responsible for the release and absorption of carrier ions. To extend the lifespan of the capacitor, it is desirable for the active material to be a material with a small capacity due to the irreversible nature of the battery reaction, and it is also desirable for it to be a material with high charge-discharge efficiency.

[0313] For the positive electrode active material, a material capable of inserting and extracting carrier ions such as lithium ions can be used. Examples of positive electrode active materials include materials having an olivine-type crystal structure, a layered rock-salt-type crystal structure, a spinel-type crystal structure, or a NASICON-type crystal structure.

[0314] For example, compounds such as LiFeO2, LiCoO2, LiNiO2, LiMn2O4, V2O5, Cr2O5, and MnO2 can be used as positive electrode active materials.

[0315] Materials having an olivine-type crystal structure include lithium-containing complex phosphates (general formula LiMPO4 (where M is one or more of Fe(II), Mn(II), Co(II), and Ni(II)). Representative examples of general formula LiMPO4 include LiFePO4, LiNiPO4, LiCoPO4, LiMnPO4, and LiFe a Ni b PO4, LiFe a Co b PO4, LiFe a Mn b PO4, LiNi a Co b PO4, LiNi a Mn b PO4(a+b is 1 or less, 0 <a<1, 0<b<1), LiFe c Ni d Co e PO4, LiFe c Ni d Mn e PO4, LiNi c Co d Mn e PO4(c+d+e is less than or equal to 1, 0 <c<1, 0<d<1, 0<e<1), LiFe f Ni g Co h Mn i PO4(f+g+h+i is less than or equal to 1, 0 <f<1, 0<g<1, 0<h<1, 0<i<1) 등의 화합물을 들 수 있다.

[0316] For example, lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) is desirable because it satisfies the requirements for cathode active materials in a balanced manner, such as safety, stability, high capacity density, high potential, and the presence of lithium ions that can be extracted during initial oxidation (charging).

[0317] By using LiFePO4 as the positive electrode active material, it is possible to realize a storage device that is stable and highly safe even under external loads such as overcharging. Therefore, it is particularly excellent as a storage device for use in, for example, portable mobile devices and wearable devices worn on the body.

[0318] Materials having a layered rock salt-type crystal structure include, for example, lithium cobaltate (LiCoO2), LiNiO2, LiMnO2, Li2MnO3, and LiNi 0.8 Co 0.2 NiCo-based compounds such as O2 (general formula is LiNi x Co 1-x O2(0 <x<1)), LiNi 0.5 Mn 0.5 NiMn-based compounds such as O2 (general formula is LiNi x Mn 1-x O2(0 <x<1)), LiNi 1 / 3 Mn 1 / 3 Co 1 / 3 NiMnCo systems such as O2 (also known as NMC). The general formula is LiNi x Mn y Co 1－x－y O2(x>0, y>0, x+y<1)) can be cited. Also, Li(Ni 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 Examples include )O2, Li2MnO3-LiMO2 (M is Co, Ni, or Mn).

[0319] In particular, LiCoO2 is desirable because it has advantages such as a large capacity, greater stability in air than LiNiO2, and greater thermal stability than LiNiO2.

[0320] Materials having a spinel-type crystal structure include, for example, LiMn2O4, Li 1+x Mn 2-x O4(0 <x<2), LiMn 2-x Al x O4(0 <x<2), LiMn 1.5 Ni 0.5 Examples include O4.

[0321] A small amount of lithium nickelate (LiNiO2 or LiNi) in materials having a spinel-type crystal structure containing manganese, such as LiMn2O4. 1-x M x O2(0 <x<1)(M=Co, Al 등))을 혼합하면 망가니즈의 용출을 억제하거나, 전해액의 분해를 억제하는 등의 이점이 있어 바람직하다.

[0322] Or, as a positive active material layer, general formula Li (2-j) Lithium-containing complex silicates such as MSiO4 (M is one or more of Fe(II), Mn(II), Co(II), and Ni(II), 0≤j≤2) may be used. General formula Li (2－j) A representative example of MSiO4 is Li (2－j) FeSiO4, Li (2－j) NiSiO 4, Li (2－j) CoSiO4, Li (2－j) MnSiO4, Li (2－j) Fe k Ni l SiO4, Li (2－j) Fe k Co l SiO4, Li (2－j) Fe k Mn l SiO4, Li (2－j) Ni k Co l SiO4, Li (2－j) Ni k Mn l SiO4(k+l is 1 or less, 0 <k<1, 0<l<1), Li (2－j) Fe m Ni n Co q SiO4, Li (2－j) Fe m Ni n Mn q SiO4, Li (2－j) Ni m Co n Mn q SiO4(m + n + q is less than or equal to 1, 0 <m<1, 0<n<1, 0<q<1), Li (2－j) Fe rNi s Co t Mn u SiO4(r+s+t+u is 1 or less, 0 <r<1, 0<s<1, 0<t<1, 0<u<1) 등의 화합물을 들 수 있다.

[0323] Or, as a positive active material, A x NASICON-type compounds represented by the general formula M2(XO4)3 (A=Li, Na, Mg, M=Fe, Mn, Ti, V, Nb, Al, X=S, P, Mo, W, As, Si) can be used. Examples of NASICON-type compounds include Fe2(MnO4)3, Fe2(SO4)3, and Li3Fe2(PO4)3.

[0324] Or, as a positive electrode active material, compounds represented by the general formulas Li2MPO4F, Li2MP2O7, Li5MO4 (M=Fe, Mn), perovskite-type fluorides such as FeF3, TiS 2, Metal chalcogenides (sulfides, selenides, tellurides) such as MoS2, materials having an inverse spinel crystal structure such as LiMVO4 (M=Mn, Co, Ni), and vanadium oxide systems (V2O5, V6O 13 Materials such as LiV3O8, manganese oxide, and organic sulfur compounds can be used.

[0325] In addition, a material comprising a combination of the aforementioned materials may be used as the positive electrode active material. For example, a solid solution comprising a combination of the aforementioned materials may be used as the positive electrode active material. For example, LiCo 1 / 3 Mn 1 / 3 Ni 1 / 3 A solid solution of O2 and Li2MnO3 can be used as a positive electrode active material.

[0326] In addition, when the carrier ion is an alkali metal ion or an alkaline earth metal ion other than a lithium ion, a compound in which lithium in the lithium compound, lithium-containing complex phosphate, and lithium-containing complex silicate is substituted with a carrier such as an alkali metal (e.g., sodium or potassium, etc.) or an alkaline earth metal (e.g., calcium, strontium, barium, beryllium, magnesium, etc.) may be used as the positive electrode active material.

[0327] It is preferable that the average particle size of the primary particles of the positive electrode active material be, for example, 5 nm or more and 100 µm or less.

[0328] In addition, for example, when a lithium-containing composite phosphate with an olivine-type structure is used as the cathode active material, lithium diffusion is slow because the lithium diffusion pathway is one-dimensional. Therefore, when using a lithium-containing composite phosphate with an olivine-type structure, in order to increase the charge / discharge speed, it is preferable to set the average particle size of the cathode active material to, for example, between 5 nm and 1 µm. Alternatively, the specific surface area of ​​the cathode active material is, for example, preferably 10 m² 2 / g or more 50m 2 It is good to keep it below / g.

[0329] Active materials having an olivine-type structure have very little structural change with charging and discharging compared to active materials having a layered rock salt-type crystal structure, and because the crystal structure is stable, they are stable even with operation such as overcharging, and when used as a positive active material, a storage device with high safety can be realized.

[0330] As the cathode active material, for example, carbon-based materials, alloy-based materials, etc., can be used.

[0331] Examples of carbon-based materials include graphite, digraphitizable carbon (soft carbon), nongraphitizable carbon (hard carbon), carbon nanotubes, graphene, and carbon black. Examples of graphite include artificial graphite such as mesocarbon microbeads (MCMB), coke-based artificial graphite, and pitch-based artificial graphite, or natural graphite such as spherical natural graphite. Furthermore, graphite can be in the form of scales or spheres.

[0332] Graphite exhibits a potential as low as that of lithium metal when lithium ions are inserted into it (when lithium-graphite interlayer compounds are formed) (0.1V to 0.3V vs. Li / Li + As a result, the lithium-ion secondary battery can exhibit a high operating voltage. In addition, graphite is desirable because it has advantages such as a relatively high capacity per unit volume, small volume expansion, low cost, and higher safety compared to lithium metal.

[0333] When the carrier ion is a lithium ion, the alloying material may include, for example, at least one of Mg, Ca, Ga, Si, Al, Ge, Sn, Pb, As, Sb, Bi, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, Hg, and In. Since such elements have a higher capacity than carbon, and in particular silicon has a high theoretical capacity of 4200 mAh / g, the capacity of the capacitor can be increased. Examples of alloying materials (compounding materials) using such elements include Mg2Si, Mg2Ge, Mg2Sn, SnS2, V2Sn3, FeSn2, CoSn2, Ni3Sn2, Cu6Sn5, Ag3Sn, Ag3Sb, Ni2MnSb, CeSb3, LaSn3, La3Co2Sn7, CoSb3, InSb, SbSn, etc.

[0334] In addition, as negative electrode active materials, SiO, SnO, SnO2, titanium dioxide (TiO2), and lithium titanium oxide (Li4Ti5O)12 ), lithium-graphite interlayer compound (Li x Oxides such as C6), niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5), tungsten oxide (WO2), and molybdenum oxide (MoO2) can be used. Here, SiO is a compound having silicon and oxygen, and if the atomic ratio of silicon to oxygen is silicon:oxygen = α:β, it is desirable for α to have a value near β. Here, having a value near means, for example, that the absolute value of the difference between α and β is preferably 20% or less, more preferably 10% or less with respect to the value of β.

[0335] In addition, as a negative electrode active material, Li having a Li3N type structure, which is a nitride of lithium and a transition metal. 3-x M x N (M is Co, Ni, or Cu) can be used. For example, Li 2.6 Co 0.4 The N3 has a large charge / discharge capacity (900mAh / g, 1890mAh / cm²). 3 It is desirable because it represents ).

[0336] When using lithium and transition metal nitrides, since the negative electrode active material contains lithium ions, it can be combined with materials such as V2O5 and Cr3O8, which do not contain lithium ions, as positive electrode active materials. In addition, even when using a material containing lithium ions as a positive electrode active material, lithium and transition metal nitrides can be used as negative electrode active materials by removing the lithium ions contained in the positive electrode active material in advance.

[0337] In addition, materials that undergo a conversion reaction may be used as the negative electrode active material. For example, transition metal oxides that do not undergo alloying reactions with lithium, such as cobalt oxide (CoO), nickel oxide (NiO), and iron oxide (FeO), may be used as the negative electrode active material. Materials that undergo a conversion reaction also include oxides such as Fe2O3, CuO, Cu2O, RuO2, Cr2O3, and CoS2O3. 0.89Examples include sulfides such as NiS and CuS, nitrides such as Zn3N2, Cu3N and Ge3N4, phosphides such as NiP2, FeP2 and CoP3, and fluorides such as FeF3 and BiF3.

[0338] It is preferable that the average particle size of the primary particles of the cathode active material be, for example, 5 nm or more and 100 µm or less.

[0339] The positive active material layer and the negative active material layer may each have a conductive agent.

[0340] As a conductive aid, for example, carbon materials, metal materials, or conductive ceramic materials may be used. Additionally, fiber-shaped materials may be used as conductive aids. The content of the conductive aid relative to the total amount of the active material layer is preferably 1 wt% or more and 10 wt% or less, and more preferably 1 wt% or more and 5 wt% or less.

[0341] An electrically conductive network can be formed within the electrode by means of a conductive agent. An electrically conductive pathway between negative active materials can be maintained by means of a conductive agent. By adding a conductive agent to the active material layer, an active material layer with high electrical conductivity can be realized.

[0342] As a conductive agent, examples such as natural graphite, artificial graphite such as mesocarbon microbeads, and carbon fibers may be used. As a carbon fiber, examples such as mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers and isotropic pitch-based carbon fibers may be used. In addition, carbon nanofibers or carbon nanotubes may be used as carbon fibers. Carbon nanotubes may be produced, for example, by vapor phase growth methods. In addition, as a conductive agent, carbon materials such as carbon black (acetylene black (AB), etc.), graphite particles, graphene, and fullerene may be used. In addition, metal powders such as copper, nickel, aluminum, silver, and gold, or metal fibers, or conductive ceramic materials may be used.

[0343] Graphene in the form of flakes possesses excellent electrical properties, such as high conductivity, as well as excellent physical properties, such as flexibility and high mechanical strength. Therefore, by using graphene as a conductive agent, the electrical conductivity between active materials or between active materials and current collectors can be increased.

[0344] Additionally, in this specification, graphene includes single-layer graphene or graphene composed of a plurality of layers ranging from two to 100 layers. Single-layer graphene refers to a sheet of carbon molecules having a single atomic layer with π bonds. Additionally, graphene oxide refers to a compound in which the graphene is oxidized.

[0345] Graphene enables surface contact with low contact resistance, and even when thin, it has very high conductivity and can efficiently form conductive pathways within the active material layer with a small amount.

[0346] When using active materials with a small average particle size (e.g., 1 μm or less), the specific surface area of ​​the active materials must be large, and there must be more conductive paths connecting the active materials. In such cases, it is particularly desirable to use graphene, which has very high conductivity and can efficiently form conductive paths even with a small amount.

[0347] The positive active material layer and the negative active material layer may each have a binder.

[0348] In the present specification, the binder has the function of binding or bonding active materials to each other and / or binding or bonding an active material layer to a current collector. Additionally, the state of the binder may change during the fabrication of the electrode or battery. For example, the binder may take on at least one state among liquid, solid, and gel. Additionally, the binder may change from a monomer to a polymer during the fabrication of the electrode or battery.

[0349] For example, a water-soluble polymer can be used as a binder. As a water-soluble polymer, for example, polysaccharides can be used. As a polysaccharide, cellulose derivatives such as carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, diacetylcellulose, and regenerated cellulose, or starch can be used.

[0350] In addition, rubber materials such as styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), styrene-isoprene-styrene rubber, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, butadiene rubber, fluororubber, and ethylene propylene diene copolymer may be used as binders. These rubber materials may also be used in combination with the water-soluble polymers described above. Since these rubber materials have rubber elasticity and are easy to stretch, they are resistant to stress caused by the expansion and contraction of the active material or the bending of the electrode due to charging and discharging, and can yield highly reliable electrodes. However, they may have hydrophobic groups and be difficult to dissolve in water. In such cases, since the particles are dispersed in an aqueous solution in a state where they do not dissolve in water, it may be difficult to raise the viscosity to a level suitable for applying a composition (also called an electrode composite composition) containing a solvent used to form the active material layer (102). At this time, if a water-soluble polymer with high viscosity-adjusting function, such as a polysaccharide, is used, in addition to the effect of appropriately increasing the viscosity of the solution, it is uniformly dispersed with the rubber material, thereby obtaining a good electrode with high uniformity, such as an electrode with high uniformity of electrode film thickness or electrode resistance.

[0351] In addition, materials such as PVdF, polystyrene, polymethyl acrylate, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), sodium polyacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethylene oxide (PEO), polypropylene oxide, polyimide, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, isobutylene, polyethylene terephthalate, nylon, polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyvinyl chloride, ethylenepropylene diene polymer, polyvinyl acetate, polymethyl methacrylate, and nitrocellulose can be used as binders.

[0352] The binder may be used in combination of two or more of the types described above.

[0353] The content of the binder relative to the total amount of the active material layer is preferably 1 wt% or more and 10 wt% or less, more preferably 2 wt% or more and 8 wt% or less, and even more preferably 3 wt% or more and 5 wt% or less.

[0354] <<Electrolyte>>

[0355] As a solvent for the electrolyte (508), an aprotic organic solvent is preferred, and, for example, one or more of the following may be used in any combination and ratio: ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), butylene carbonate, chloroethylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate (VC), γ-butyrolactone, γ-valerolactone, dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC), methyl formate, methyl acetate, methyl butyrate, 1,3-dioxane, 1,4-dioxane, dimethoxyethane (DME), dimethyl sulfoxide, diethyl ether, methyl diglaime, acetonitrile, benzonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, sulforaine, sulfone, etc.

[0356] In addition, by using one or more flame-retardant and non-volatile ionic liquids (room temperature molten salts) as solvents for the electrolyte, rupture or ignition of the capacitor can be prevented even if the internal temperature rises due to internal short circuits or overcharging of the capacitor. The ionic liquid consists of cations and anions and includes organic cations and anions. Examples of organic cations used in the electrolyte include aliphatic onium cations such as quaternary ammonium cations, tertiary sulfonium cations, and quaternary phosphonium cations, as well as aromatic cations such as imidazolium cations and pyridinium cations. In addition, examples of anions used in the electrolyte include monovalent amide anions, monovalent methane anions, fluorosulfonic acid anions, perfluoroalkylsulfonic acid anions, tetrafluoroboric acid anions, perfluoroalkylboric acid anions, hexafluorophosphate anions, or perfluoroalkylphosphate anions.

[0357] In addition, when lithium ions are used as carriers, the electrolyte dissolved in the aforementioned solvent may be, for example, LiPF6, LiClO4, LiAsF6, LiBF4, LiAlCl4, LiSCN, LiBr, LiI, Li2SO4, Li2B 10 Cl 10 , Li2B 12 Cl 12 One type of lithium salt, or two or more of these, such as LiCF3SO3, LiC4F9SO3, LiC(CF3SO2)3, LiC(C2F5SO2)3, LiN(CF3SO2)2, LiN(C4F9SO2)(CF3SO2), and LiN(C2F5SO2)2, may be used in any combination and ratio.

[0358] In addition, it is preferable to use a high-purity electrolyte with a low content of particulate dust or elements other than the constituent elements of the electrolyte (hereinafter also simply referred to as 'impurities') for use in the storage device. Specifically, the weight ratio of impurities to the electrolyte is 1% or less, preferably 0.1% or less, and more preferably 0.01% or less.

[0359] In addition, additives such as vinylene carbonate (VC), propane sulfone (PS), tert-butylbenzene (TBB), fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), and LiBOB may be added to the electrolyte. The concentration of the additives is, for example, 0.1 wt% or more and 5 wt% or less of the total solvent.

[0360] In addition, a polymer gel electrolyte in which the polymer is swollen with an electrolyte may also be used.

[0361] As the polymer, examples include polymers having a polyalkylene oxide structure such as polyethylene oxide (PEO), PVdF, polyacrylonitrile, etc., and copolymers containing these. For example, PVdF-HFP, which is a copolymer of PVdF and hexafluoropropylene (HFP), can be used. In addition, the polymer formed may have a porous form.

[0362] In addition, a polymerization initiator and a crosslinking agent may be added to the electrolyte to gel the electrolyte. For example, polymerizable functional groups may be introduced to the cations or anions constituting the ionic liquid, and the ionic liquid itself may be polymerized by using a polymerization initiator to polymerize them. Then, the polymerized ionic liquid may be gelled by a crosslinking agent.

[0363] In addition, in combination with the electrolyte, a solid electrolyte having an inorganic material, such as a sulfide-based or oxide-based inorganic material, or a solid electrolyte having a polymer material, such as a polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based polymer material, may be used. For example, the solid electrolyte may be formed on the surface of the active material layer. Furthermore, when using a combination of a solid electrolyte and an electrolyte, a separator or a spacer may not be required.

[0364] In addition, by using a gelled polymer material as a solvent for the electrolyte, safety regarding leakage is enhanced. Furthermore, the capacitor device can be made thinner and lighter. For example, polyethylene oxide-based, polyacrylnitrile-based, polyvinylidene fluoride-based, acrylate-based, and polymethacrylate-based polymers may be used. Additionally, it is preferable to use a polymer capable of gelling the electrolyte at room temperature (e.g., 25°C). Furthermore, silicone gels may also be used. Additionally, in this specification, for example, a polyvinylidene fluoride-based polymer refers to a polymer containing polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and includes poly(vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) copolymers, etc.

[0365] In addition, the polymer can be qualitatively analyzed by using FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer), etc. For example, polyvinylidene fluoride-based polymers have absorptions indicating CF bonds in the spectrum obtained from FT-IR. In addition, polyacrylonitrile-based polymers have absorptions indicating C≡N bonds in the spectrum obtained from FT-IR.

[0366] Separator

[0367] The separator (507) may be made of paper, nonwoven fabric, glass fiber, ceramic, or synthetic fibers such as nylon (polyamide), vinylon (polyvinyl alcohol-based fiber), polyester, acrylic, polyolefin, or polyurethane. The separator (507) may have a single-layer structure or a laminated structure.

[0368] More specifically, the separator (507) may use one selected from, for example, fluorine-based polymers, polyethers such as polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide, polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, polymethyl acrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polymethacrylonitrile, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethyleneimine, polybutadiene, polystyrene, polyisoprene, polyurethane-based polymers and derivatives thereof, cellulose, paper, nonwoven fabric, and glass fiber, either alone or in combination of two or more.

[0369] <<Exterior>>

[0370] It is desirable that the outer body (509) does not have a significant reaction with the electrolyte (508) on the surface in contact with the electrolyte (508), that is, the inner surface. In addition, if moisture is introduced into the battery unit (500) from the outside of the battery unit (500), a reaction may occur between the components of the electrolyte (508) and the water. Therefore, it is desirable that the outer body (509) has low moisture permeability.

[0371] For the outer body (509), a film having a three-layer structure may be used, wherein a flexible metal film such as aluminum, stainless steel, copper, or nickel is provided on a film made of, for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, ionomer, or polyamide, and an insulating synthetic resin film such as a polyamide-based resin or polyester-based resin is provided on the metal film as the outer surface of the outer body. By having such a three-layer structure, the permeation of electrolyte and gas is blocked, insulation is secured, and electrolyte resistance is also provided. By folding the outer body inward and overlapping it, or by overlapping the inner surfaces of each of the two outer bodies so as to face each other and applying heat, the material of the inner surface is melted and the two outer bodies are fused together, thereby creating a sealed structure.

[0372] The battery unit (500) can be configured to be flexible by using a flexible outer body (509). By configuring it to be flexible, it can be mounted on a capacitor or electronic device having at least a portion of the flexible part, and the battery unit (500) can be bent according to the deformation of the capacitor or electronic device.

[0373] <Composition Example 2>

[0374] A perspective view of a secondary battery (200) is shown in FIG. 36 (A), and a top view of a secondary battery (200) is shown in FIG. 36 (B).

[0375] Figure 37 (A) shows a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line C1-C2 in Figure 36 (B), and Figure 37 (B) shows a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line C3-C4 in Figure 36 (B). Additionally, in Figure 37, some components are shown separately to clarify the drawing.

[0376] The secondary battery (200) has a positive electrode (211), a negative electrode (215), and a separator (203). The secondary battery (200) also has a positive electrode lead (221), a negative electrode lead (225), and an outer casing (207).

[0377] The positive electrode (211) and the negative electrode (215) each have a current collector and an active material layer. The positive electrode (211) and the negative electrode (215) are arranged such that their active material layers face each other through a separator (203).

[0378] It is preferable that the electrodes (positive electrode (211) and negative electrode (215)) of the secondary battery (200) are positioned on the outer diameter side of the curve rather than on the inner diameter side, so that they are longer in the direction of the curve. By configuring it in this way, when the secondary battery (200) is curved to a certain curvature, the ends of the positive electrode (211) and the negative electrode (215) can be aligned. That is, the entire area of ​​the positive active material layer of the positive electrode (211) can be positioned opposite the negative active material layer of the negative electrode (215). Therefore, the positive active material of the positive electrode (211) can be contributed to the battery reaction without waste. Therefore, the capacity per unit volume of the secondary battery (200) can be increased. This configuration is particularly effective when the curvature of the secondary battery (200) is fixed when using the secondary battery (200).

[0379] The positive lead (221) is electrically connected to a plurality of positives (211). The negative lead (225) is electrically connected to a plurality of negatives (215). The positive lead (221) and the negative lead (225) each have a sealing layer (220).

[0380] The outer casing (207) covers a plurality of positive electrodes (211), a plurality of negative electrodes (215), and a plurality of separators (203). The secondary battery (200) has an electrolyte (not shown) in the area covered by the outer casing (207). The secondary battery (200) is sealed by bonding three sides of the outer casing (207).

[0381] FIG. 37 illustrates an example in which multiple rectangular separators (203) are used to place one separator (203) between the positive electrode (211) and the negative electrode (215), but the present invention is not limited thereto. A separator in the form of a sheet may be repeatedly folded in a zigzag pattern (it may also be in the form of a pleated box), or a separator may be positioned between the positive electrode and the negative electrode by winding it.

[0382] For example, FIG. 39 illustrates a method for manufacturing a secondary battery (200). FIG. 38 illustrates a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line C1-C2 in (B) of FIG. 36 when this manufacturing method is used.

[0383] First, a negative electrode (215) is placed on the separator (203) (see (A) in FIG. 39). At this time, the negative electrode active material layer of the negative electrode (215) is placed so as to overlap the separator (203).

[0384] Next, the separator (203) is folded and the separator (203) is superimposed on the cathode (215). Then, the positive electrode (211) is superimposed on the separator (203) (see (B) of FIG. 39). At this time, the positive active material layer of the positive electrode (211) is arranged to overlap with the separator (203) and the negative active material layer. In addition, when using an electrode in which an active material layer is formed on one side of a current collector, the positive active material layer of the positive electrode (211) and the negative active material layer of the negative electrode (215) are arranged to face each other with the separator (203) interposed.

[0385] When a heat-weldable material such as polypropylene is used for the separator (203), the region where the separators (203) overlap can be heat-welded, and then the next electrode can be overlapped, thereby preventing the electrodes from becoming misaligned during the manufacturing process. Specifically, it is preferable to heat-weld the region where the separators (203) overlap (e.g., the region shown as region (203a) in (B) of FIG. 39) without overlapping with the cathode (215) or the anode (211).

[0386] By repeating this process, as shown in (C) of FIG. 39, a separator (203) can be inserted to stack the positive electrode (211) and the negative electrode (215).

[0387] Additionally, a plurality of negative electrodes (215) and a plurality of positive electrodes (211) may be arranged to be alternately inserted into a pre-folded separator (203) repeatedly.

[0388] Next, as shown in (C) of FIG. 39, a plurality of positive electrodes (211) and a plurality of negative electrodes (215) are covered with a separator (203).

[0389] In addition, as shown in (D) of FIG. 39, the area where the separators (203) overlap, for example, the area (203b) shown in (D) of FIG. 39, is heat-welded so that a plurality of anodes (211) and a plurality of cathodes (215) are covered and bonded with the separator (203).

[0390] Additionally, a plurality of positive electrodes (211), a plurality of negative electrodes (215), and a separator (203) may be connected using a binding material.

[0391] In this process, since the positive electrode (211) and the negative electrode (215) are stacked, the separator (203) has a region that is fitted between the positive electrode (211) and the negative electrode (215) and a region that is arranged to cover the multiple positive electrodes (211) and the multiple negative electrodes (215) among the separator (203).

[0392] In other words, the separator (203) of the secondary battery (200) illustrated in (D) of FIG. 38 and FIG. 39 is a single separator that is partially folded. A plurality of positive electrodes (211) and a plurality of negative electrodes (215) are fitted into the folded area of ​​the separator (203).

[0393] <Composition Example 3>

[0394] A perspective view of a secondary battery (250) is shown in FIG. 40 (A), and a top view of the secondary battery (250) is shown in FIG. 40 (B). Additionally, a cross-sectional view of a first electrode assembly (230) is shown in FIG. 40 (C1), and a cross-sectional view of a second electrode assembly (231) is shown in FIG. 40 (C2).

[0395] The secondary battery (250) has a first electrode assembly (230), a second electrode assembly (231), and a separator (203). The secondary battery (250) also has a positive lead (221), a negative lead (225), and an outer casing (207).

[0396] As shown in (C1) of FIG. 40, the first electrode assembly (230) is configured such that a positive electrode (211a), a separator (203), a negative electrode (215a), a separator (203), and a positive electrode (211a) are stacked in this order. The positive electrode (211a) and the negative electrode (215a) each have an active material layer on both sides of a current collector.

[0397] As shown in (C2) of FIG. 40, the second electrode assembly (231) is configured such that the negative electrode (215a), separator (203), positive electrode (211a), separator (203), and negative electrode (215a) are stacked in this order. The positive electrode (211a) and the negative electrode (215a) each have an active material layer on both sides of a current collector.

[0398] That is, in the first electrode assembly (230) and the second electrode assembly (231), the positive and negative electrodes are arranged such that the active material layers face each other through a separator (203).

[0399] The positive lead (221) is electrically connected to a plurality of positives (211). The negative lead (225) is electrically connected to a plurality of negatives (215). The positive lead (221) and the negative lead (225) each have a sealing layer (220).

[0400] In FIG. 41, an example of a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line D1-D2 in (B) of FIG. 40 is shown. Additionally, in FIG. 41, some components are shown separately to clarify the drawing.

[0401] As illustrated in FIG. 41, the secondary battery (250) has a configuration in which a plurality of first electrode assemblies (230) and a plurality of second electrode assemblies (231) are wound and covered by a separator (203).

[0402] The outer casing (207) covers a plurality of first electrode assemblies (230), a plurality of second electrode assemblies (231), and a separator (203). The secondary battery (200) has an electrolyte (not shown) in the area covered by the outer casing (207). The secondary battery (200) is sealed by bonding three sides of the outer casing (207).

[0403] For example, FIG. 42 illustrates a method for manufacturing a secondary battery (250).

[0404] First, the first electrode assembly (230) is placed on the separator (203) (see (A) in FIG. 42).

[0405] Next, the separator (203) is folded and the separator (203) is overlapped over the first electrode assembly (230). Then, two pairs of second electrode assemblies (231) are overlapped with the separator (203) interposed above and below the first electrode assembly (230) (see (B) in FIG. 42).

[0406] Next, the separator (203) is wound to cover two pairs of second electrode assemblies (231). Additionally, two pairs of first electrode assemblies (230) are overlapped with the separator (203) interposed above and below the two pairs of second electrode assemblies (231) (see (C) in FIG. 42).

[0407] Next, the separator (203) is wound to cover two pairs of first electrode assemblies (230) (see (D) in FIG. 42).

[0408] Since a plurality of first electrode assemblies (230) and a plurality of second electrode assemblies (231) are stacked in this manner, these electrode assemblies are placed between separators (203) wound in a spiral shape.

[0409] In addition, it is preferable that the outermost electrode does not have an active material layer on the outside.

[0410] Additionally, although (C1) and (C2) of FIG. 40 illustrate a configuration in which the electrode assembly has three electrodes and two separators, the present invention is not limited thereto. It may also be configured to have four or more electrodes and three or more separators. By increasing the number of electrodes, the capacity of the secondary battery (250) can be further improved. Additionally, it may also be configured to have two electrodes and one separator. If there are fewer electrodes, the secondary battery can be made more resistant to bending. Additionally, FIG. 41 illustrates a configuration in which the secondary battery (250) has three pairs of first electrode assemblies (230) and two pairs of second electrode assemblies (231), but the present invention is not limited thereto. It may also be configured to have more electrode assemblies. By increasing the number of electrode assemblies, the capacity of the secondary battery (250) can be further improved. Additionally, it may also be configured to have fewer electrode assemblies. If the electrode assembly is small, it can be made into a secondary battery that is more resistant to bending.

[0411] In FIG. 43, another example of a cross-sectional view cut along the dotted line D1-D2 in (B) of FIG. 40 is shown. As shown in FIG. 43, the separator (203) may be placed between the first electrode assembly (230) and the second electrode assembly (231) by folding the separator (203) into a bellows shape.

[0412] This embodiment can be appropriately combined with other embodiments.

[0413] (Embodiment 5)

[0414] In this embodiment, a power supply system capable of supplying power to a capacitor device according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described using FIGS. 44 to 47.

[0415] A capacitor device according to one embodiment of the present invention may supply power to an object (hereinafter also referred to as a receiving device) in a manner that does not come into contact with a power source (hereinafter also referred to as a transmitting device) (also referred to as contactless power supply, wireless power supply, etc.). Examples of contactless power supply methods include magnetic field resonance, electromagnetic induction, and electrostatic induction.

[0416] In this embodiment, a power supply system in which power supply is performed by a magnetic field resonance method is described as an example. The magnetic field resonance method is a method that forms an energy propagation path by coupling resonance coils provided to both the transmitting device and the receiving device with a resonator, and compared to other methods capable of non-contact power supply (such as electromagnetic induction and electrostatic induction methods), it has a longer power supply distance.

[0417] Here, the input impedance of the receiving device can vary depending on the battery's charge status. That is, the input impedance of the receiving device may change dynamically during power supply. In this case, if the output impedance of the transmitting device remains constant, an impedance mismatch inevitably occurs. Therefore, in power supply based on magnetic resonance, it may be difficult to maintain a high power supply efficiency during the supply process.

[0418] Therefore, the receiving device according to the present embodiment applies a DC-DC converter configured to detect a voltage proportional to a DC voltage input from the outside (the former voltage) and a voltage proportional to a current input from the outside (the latter voltage), and to maintain a constant ratio of the former voltage to the latter voltage based on these.

[0419] Specifically, the DC-DC converter having a power receiving device according to the present embodiment can maintain a constant input impedance by maintaining a constant ratio between a first voltage proportional to an input voltage (a first DC voltage) and a second voltage proportional to an input current (a current generated in a load). In addition, it is possible to perform impedance conversion in the DC-DC converter. Therefore, even when a battery to which power is supplied is located on the output side of the DC-DC converter, it is possible to maintain the input impedance of the DC-DC converter without depending on the charging status of the battery. As a result, it becomes possible to maintain a high power supply efficiency during power supply by means of a magnetic field resonance method for the power receiving device having the DC-DC converter and the battery.

[0420] Emergency Payment System

[0421] FIG. 44 (A) shows an example configuration of a power supply system in which power supply is performed by a magnetic field resonance method. The power supply system shown in FIG. 44 (A) has a power transmission device (400) and a power receiving device (310) shown in FIG. 44 (B). In addition, the power transmission device (400) has a high-frequency power source (401) that generates a high-frequency voltage, a coil (402) to which the high-frequency voltage generated by the high-frequency power source (401) is applied, and a resonance coil (403) to which a high-frequency voltage is induced by electromagnetic induction with the coil (402). In addition, there is a stray capacitance (404) between the wiring constituting the resonance coil (403) in the resonance coil (403). In addition, as shown in FIG. 44 (A), it is preferable that the resonance coil (403) be configured so that it is not directly connected to other components.

[0422] Water supply device

[0423] FIG. 44 (B) shows an example of the configuration of a power receiving device in which power supply is performed by a magnetic field resonance method. The power receiving device (310) shown in FIG. 44 (B) has a resonance coil (311) in which a high-frequency voltage is induced by magnetic field resonance, a coil (312) in which a high-frequency voltage is induced by electromagnetic induction with the resonance coil (311), a rectifier circuit (313) that rectifies the high-frequency voltage induced in the coil (312), a DC-DC converter (314) into which the DC voltage output by the rectifier circuit (313) is input, and a battery (315) in which power supply is performed using the DC voltage output by the DC-DC converter. In addition, there is a stray capacitance (316) between the wiring constituting the resonance coil (311) in the resonance coil (311).

[0424] Additionally, as shown in (B) of FIG. 44, it is preferable to configure the resonant coil (311) so that it is not directly connected to other components. If other components are directly connected to the resonant coil (311), the series resistance and capacitance of the resonant coil (311) become large. In this case, the Q value of the circuit including the resonant coil (311) and other components becomes lower than the Q value of the circuit composed only of the resonant coil (311). This is because in a configuration where the resonant coil (311) is directly connected to other components, the power supply efficiency is reduced compared to a configuration where the resonant coil (311) is not directly connected to other components.

[0425] The DC-DC converter (314) is a DC-DC converter capable of maintaining a constant input impedance. Furthermore, the input impedance of the DC-DC converter (314) does not depend on the impedance of the battery (315) present on the output side. That is, impedance conversion is performed by the DC-DC converter (314). Therefore, the input impedance of the DC-DC converter (314) is also the input impedance of the power receiving device (310). Thus, even if the impedance of the battery (315) changes depending on the charging status of the battery (315), the input impedance of the power receiving device (310) does not fluctuate. As a result, the power receiving device (310) can perform power supply with high power supply efficiency without relying on the charging status of the battery (315).

[0426] The power supply system shown in (A) of FIG. 44 applies the receiving device (310) shown in (B) of FIG. 44 as a receiving device. Therefore, the power supply system shown in (A) of FIG. 44 can perform power supply without considering fluctuations in the input impedance of the receiving device. That is, the power supply system shown in (A) of FIG. 44 can perform power supply with high power supply efficiency without dynamically changing the power supply conditions.

[0427] Next, an example of a configuration of a DC-DC converter applicable as a DC-DC converter (314) is provided.

[0428] <DC-DC 컨버터의 구성예>

[0429] Figure 45 (A) is a diagram showing an example configuration of a DC-DC converter. The DC-DC converter shown in Figure 45 (A) has an input power detection unit (1000) into which a DC voltage (V_In) is input, and a voltage conversion unit (2000) that converts the DC voltage (V_In) into a DC voltage (V_Out) and outputs it.

[0430] FIGS. 45 (B) and (C) are diagrams showing an example configuration of the input power detection unit (1000) shown in FIG. 45 (A). The input power detection unit (1000) shown in FIG. 45 (B) has a load (1003) with one end electrically connected to a high-potential side input node and the other end electrically connected to a voltage conversion unit (2000), a means (1001) for detecting a voltage (V_1001) proportional to a DC voltage (V_In), and a means (1002) for detecting a voltage (V_1002) proportional to a current (I_1003) generated in the load (1003). In addition, the voltage (V_1001) detected by the means (1001) and the voltage (V_1002) detected by the means (1002) are input to the voltage conversion unit (2000). Additionally, the input power detection unit (1000) shown in (C) of FIG. 45 has the same configuration as the input power detection unit (1000) shown in (B) of FIG. 45, except that one end of the load (1003) is electrically connected to a low-potential side input node. As shown in FIG. 45 (B) and (C), in one embodiment of the present invention, the load (1003) of the input power detection unit (1000) is provided to be electrically connected to either a high-potential side input node or a low-potential side input node.

[0431] FIG. 45 (D) is a diagram showing an example configuration of the voltage converter (2000) shown in FIG. 45 (A). The voltage converter (2000) shown in FIG. 45 (D) has a switch (2002) that controls the current generated in the load (1003) by switching, and means (2001) that controls the switching of the switch (2002) based on the voltage (V_1001) and the voltage (V_1002).

[0432] In addition, as the voltage conversion unit (2000) shown in (D) of FIG. 45, a circuit having a voltage conversion circuit and means (2001), such as a boost type, flyback type, or inversion type, may be applied, and a switch included in the voltage conversion circuit may be applied as a switch (2002).

[0433] In the DC-DC converter shown in (A) of FIG. 45, the input impedance can be kept constant by controlling the input current (current generated in the load (1003) (I_1003)) even when the input voltage (input DC voltage (V_In)) fluctuates. Specifically, in the DC-DC converter shown in FIG. 45, the current (I_1003) generated in the load (1003) can be controlled by switching of the switch (2002). In addition, the switching of the switch (2002) is controlled by means (2001). Here, the means (2001) controls the switching of the switch (2002) based on the voltage (V_1001) detected by means (1001) and the voltage (V_1002) detected by means (1002). That is, the means (2001) controls the switching of the switch (2002) based on a voltage (V_1001) proportional to the input voltage and a voltage (V_1002) proportional to the input current. Accordingly, in the DC-DC converter shown in FIG. 45, the input impedance can be kept constant by designing the switch (2002) by the means (2001) so that the ratio of the voltage (V_1001) and the voltage (V_1002) is kept constant.

[0434] <DC-DC 컨버터의 일례>

[0435] FIG. 46 (A) is a diagram showing an example of a DC-DC converter. The DC-DC converter shown in FIG. 46 (A) has a load (4) with one end electrically connected to a high-potential side input node, a switch (5) with one end electrically connected to the other end of the load (4), an inductor (6) with one end electrically connected to the other end of the switch (5) and the other end electrically connected to a high-potential side output node, and a switch (7) with one end electrically connected to the other end of the switch (5) and one end of the inductor (6), and the other end electrically connected to a low-potential side input node and a low-potential side output node (hereinafter also referred to as being "grounded"). Additionally, a resistive load or an inductive load, etc., can be applied as the load (4). Additionally, a transistor or a relay, etc., can be applied as the switch (5) and the switch (7). Additionally, an air-core coil or a core coil, etc., can be applied as the inductor (6).

[0436] In addition, the DC-DC converter shown in (A) of FIG. 46 has means (1) for detecting a voltage (V_1) proportional to an input DC voltage (V_In), means (2) for detecting a voltage (V_2) proportional to a current (I_4) generated in the load (4), and means (3) for controlling the switching of a switch (5) based on the voltage (V_1) and voltage (V_2) to maintain a constant ratio of voltage (V_1) and voltage (V_2), and also for turning the switch (7) off during the period when the switch (5) is in the ON state and turning the switch (7) on during the period when the switch (5) is in the OFF state.

[0437] In the DC-DC converter shown in (A) of FIG. 46, the current (I_4) generated in the load (4) becomes zero during the period when the switch (5) is in the off state. Then, the current (I_4) generated in the load (4) increases over time during the period after the switch (5) changes from the off state to the on state. This is due to the magnetic induction of the inductor (6), and the average value of the current (I_4) generated in the load (4) that increases over time eventually converges to a constant value. Therefore, in the DC-DC converter shown in (A) of FIG. 46, it is possible to control the amount of output current by controlling the switching of the switch (5).

[0438] In addition, in the DC-DC converter shown in (A) of FIG. 46, the switching of the switch (5) by means (3) is controlled based on the voltage (V_1) detected by means (1) and the voltage (V_2) detected by means (2). Here, means (1) is a means for detecting a voltage proportional to the input voltage (voltage of the input node), and means (2) is a means for detecting a voltage proportional to the input current (current generated in the load (4)). Accordingly, by controlling the switching of the switch (5) so that the ratio of the voltage (V_1) and the voltage (V_2) is maintained constant by means (3), it is possible to maintain the input impedance of the DC-DC converter shown in (A) of FIG. 46 constant.

[0439] In addition, in the DC-DC converter shown in FIG. 46 (A), the switch (7) is provided to prevent the switch (5) from being destroyed. Specifically, when the switch (5) changes from the ON state to the OFF state, current is continuously generated in the inductor (6) due to the magnetic induction of the inductor (6). Here, if the switch (7) is not provided, when the switch (5) changes from the ON state to the OFF state, there is a possibility that the potential of the node electrically connected to the other end of the switch (5) and one end of the inductor (6) will rise or fall rapidly. Therefore, in this case, a high voltage is applied to the switch (5). As a result, there is a possibility that the switch (5) will be destroyed. Meanwhile, in the DC-DC converter shown in FIG. 46 (A), the path of the current generated in the inductor (6) can be secured by turning the switch (7) to the ON state. That is, the destruction of the switch (5) can be suppressed.

[0440] <Specific example of means (1)>

[0441] As a means (1), the circuit shown in (B) of FIG. 46 can be applied. The circuit shown in (B) of FIG. 46 has a resistor (13) with one end electrically connected to a high-potential side input node, and a resistor (14) with one end electrically connected to the other end of the resistor (13) and the other end grounded. Then, the potential of the node electrically connected to the other end of the resistor (13) and one end of the resistor (14) is input to the means (3). That is, the circuit shown in (B) of FIG. 46 is a circuit that detects a voltage (V_1) proportional to the input voltage (V_In) using a resistor voltage divider and outputs the voltage (V_1) to the means (3).

[0442] <Specific example of means (2)>

[0443] As for the means (2), the circuit shown in (C) of FIG. 46 can be applied. The circuit shown in (C) of FIG. 46 has an instrumentation amplifier (22) in which the voltage at one end of the load (4) is input as a non-inverting input signal and the voltage at the other end of the load (4) is input as an inverting input signal. The instrumentation amplifier (22) outputs a voltage to the means (3) that is proportional to the difference between the voltage input to the non-inverting input terminal and the voltage input to the inverting input terminal. That is, the instrumentation amplifier (22) outputs a voltage to the means (3) that is proportional to the voltage applied between both ends of the load (4). In addition, since the voltage applied between both ends of the load (4) is proportional to the current (I_4) generated in the load (4), it can also be said that the instrumentation amplifier (22) outputs the current (I_4) generated in the load (4) to the means (3). That is, the circuit shown in (C) of Fig. 46 is a circuit that detects a voltage (V_2) proportional to the current (I_4) generated in the load (4) by the instrumentation amplifier (22) and outputs the voltage (V_2) to the means (3).

[0444] <Specific example of means (3)>

[0445] As a means (3), the circuit shown in (D) of FIG. 46 can be applied. The circuit shown in (D) of FIG. 46 has an error amplifier (36) into which a voltage (V_2) detected by means (2) is input as a non-inverting input signal and a voltage (V_1) detected by means (1) is input as an inverting input signal; a triangular wave oscillator (37); a comparator (38) into which a voltage (triangular wave) output by the triangular wave oscillator (37) is input as a non-inverting input signal and a voltage output by the error amplifier (36) is input as an inverting input signal; a buffer (39) into which the voltage output by the comparator (38) is input and which controls the switching of the switch (5) by outputting a voltage in phase with the voltage output by the comparator (38); and an inverter (49) into which the switching of the switch (7) is controlled by outputting a voltage in phase with the voltage output by the comparator (38). In addition, the switching of the switch (5) may be directly controlled according to the voltage output by the comparator (38) (deleting the buffer (39) in the means (3) shown in (D) of FIG. 46).

[0446] The error amplifier (36) amplifies and outputs the difference between the voltage input to the non-inverting input terminal and the voltage input to the inverting input terminal. That is, the error amplifier (36) amplifies and outputs the difference between the voltage (V_2) and the voltage (V_1).

[0447] The comparator (38) compares the voltage input to the non-inverting input terminal with the voltage input to the inverting input terminal and outputs a dual voltage. Specifically, it outputs a high-level voltage during periods when the voltage output by the error amplifier (36) is lower than the triangular wave, and outputs a low-level voltage during periods when it is higher. That is, the lower the voltage output by the error amplifier (36), the greater the duty cycle in the output signal of the comparator (38). And, the amount of current output from the DC-DC converter is determined according to the duty cycle. Specifically, as the duty cycle increases, the current output from the DC-DC converter (current (I_4) generated in the load (4)) also increases. That is, the lower the voltage output by the error amplifier (36), the greater the current (I_4) generated in the load (4).

[0448] Here, the voltage output by the error amplifier (36) changes according to the voltage (V_1) which is proportional to the input voltage (V_In) detected by the means (1), and the voltage (V_2) which is proportional to the current (I_4) generated in the load (4) detected by the means (2). For example, when the input voltage (V_In) increases, the voltage output from the error amplifier (36) decreases. In other words, when the input voltage (V_In) increases, the duty cycle at the output of the comparator (38) increases. Therefore, in the circuit shown in (D) of FIG. 46, when the input voltage (V_In) increases, the duty cycle at the output signal of the comparator (38) increases, so the current (I_4) generated in the load (4) also increases. Simply put, in the circuit shown in (D) of FIG. 46, the value of the current (I_4) generated in the load (4) can be varied in accordance with the change in the value of the input voltage (V_In). Accordingly, in the circuit shown in (D) of FIG. 46, by adjusting the design conditions, the ratio of the voltage (V_1) proportional to the input voltage detected by the means (1) and the voltage (V_2) proportional to the current generated in the load (4) detected by the means (2) can be kept constant.

[0449] In addition, the DC-DC converter shown in (A) of FIG. 47 has a configuration in which the switch (7) in the DC-DC converter shown in (A) of FIG. 46 is replaced with a diode (8). The DC-DC converter shown in (A) of FIG. 47 exhibits the same operation and effect as the DC-DC converter shown in (A) of FIG. 46.

[0450] In addition, in the DC-DC converter shown in (A) of FIG. 47, the circuit shown in (B) of FIG. 46 can be applied as the means (1), and the circuit shown in (C) of FIG. 46 can be applied as the means (2). In addition, the circuit shown in (B) of FIG. 47 can be applied as the means (3). Simply put, the circuit shown in (B) of FIG. 47 has a configuration in which the inverter (49) is removed from the circuit shown in (D) of FIG. 46.

[0451] In addition, as shown in (C) of FIG. 47, a DC-DC converter may be applied to the DC-DC converter shown in (A) of FIG. 46, by adding a diode (8) shown in (A) of FIG. 47, and a diode (9) whose anode is electrically connected to the other end of the switch (5), one end of the inductor (6), one end of the switch (7), and the cathode of the diode (8), and whose cathode is electrically connected to the other end of the load (4) and one end of the switch (5). By doing so, the effect of suppressing the destruction of the switch (5) can be enhanced.

[0452] In addition, a DC-DC converter in which only the diode (8) or only the diode (9) is removed from the DC-DC converter shown in (C) of Fig. 47 may be applied to the DC-DC converter (314).

[0453] This embodiment can be appropriately combined with other embodiments.

[0454] (Embodiment 6)

[0455] In this embodiment, a light-emitting panel that can be used in a light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to FIGS. 48 to 50. In this embodiment, an example is provided for a case where an organic EL element is used as a light-emitting element. Additionally, in this embodiment, a display panel that can be used in a display device according to one embodiment of the present invention is described using FIGS. 51 and 52. In this embodiment, an example is provided for a case where a liquid crystal element is mainly used as a display element.

[0456] <<Luminous Panel>>

[0457] An organic EL device has a layer (also described as an EL layer) containing a luminescent organic compound between a pair of electrodes (a lower electrode and an upper electrode). When a voltage higher than the threshold voltage of the luminescent device is applied between the lower electrode and the upper electrode, holes are injected into the EL layer from the anode side and electrons are injected into the EL layer from the cathode side. The injected electrons and holes recombine in the EL layer, causing the luminescent material contained in the EL layer to emit light.

[0458] The organic EL device may be of any type, such as a top emission type, a bottom emission type, or a dual emission type. A conductive film that transmits visible light is used on the electrode on the side that extracts light. Additionally, it is preferable to use a conductive film that reflects visible light on the electrode on the side that does not extract light.

[0459] Each layer constituting the EL layer can be formed by a deposition method (including vacuum deposition), a transfer method, a printing method, an inkjet method, and a coating method.

[0460] The EL layer has at least a emitting layer. The emitting layer comprises a luminescent organic compound.

[0461] The EL layer may further include a layer other than the emitting layer, comprising a material with high hole injection properties, a material with high hole transport properties, a hole blocking material, a material with high electron transport properties, a material with high electron injection properties, or a bipolar material (a material with high electron transport properties and hole transport properties).

[0462] <Composition Example 1 of a Luminous Panel>

[0463] A top view of the light-emitting panel is shown in FIG. 48 (A). A cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line P1-Q1 in FIG. 48 (A) is shown in FIG. 48 (B). A cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line P2-Q2 in FIG. 48 (A) is shown in FIG. 48 (C). A cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line P3-Q3 in FIG. 48 (A) is shown in FIG. 48 (D).

[0464] The light-emitting panel illustrated in FIG. 48 has a substrate (901), an insulating layer (903), an auxiliary electrode (921) (also called an auxiliary wiring), a light-emitting element (930), an insulating layer (925), an adhesive layer (927), a conductive layer (911), a conductive layer (912), a desiccant (913), and a substrate (991).

[0465] The light-emitting element (930) is a bottom emission type organic EL element, specifically having a lower electrode (931) that transmits visible light on a substrate (901), an EL layer (933) on the lower electrode (931), and an upper electrode (935) that reflects visible light on the EL layer (933).

[0466] In the light-emitting panel illustrated in FIG. 48, a light-emitting element (930) is provided on a substrate (901) with an insulating layer (903) interposed therebetween. An auxiliary electrode (921) provided on the insulating layer (903) is electrically connected to a lower electrode (931). A conductive layer (911) provided on the insulating layer (903) is electrically connected to the lower electrode (931). As illustrated in FIG. 48 (A) and (C), a portion of the conductive layer (911) is exposed and functions as a terminal. A conductive layer (912) provided on the insulating layer (903) is electrically connected to an upper electrode (935). As illustrated in FIG. 48 (A) and (D), a portion of the conductive layer (912) is exposed and functions as a terminal. An end of the lower electrode (931) is covered by an insulating layer (925). Additionally, an insulating layer (925) covering an auxiliary electrode (921) is provided by interposing a lower electrode (931).

[0467] The light-emitting element (930) is sealed by a substrate (901), a substrate (991), and an adhesive layer (927). The method of sealing the light-emitting panel is not limited and, for example, may be a solid seal or a hollow seal. For example, the adhesive layer (927) may use a glass material such as glass frit, a curing resin that hardens at room temperature such as a two-component mixed resin, a photocurable resin, a thermosetting resin, etc. The sealed space (929) may be filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon, or may be filled with a resin that can be used in the adhesive layer. In addition, a desiccant may be included in the resin.

[0468] A desiccant (913) is provided in contact with the substrate (991). Since the light-emitting panel illustrated in FIG. 48 is of the bottom emission type, the desiccant (913) can be placed in the space (929) without reducing the light extraction efficiency. It is desirable to have the desiccant (913) so that the lifespan of the light-emitting element (930) can be extended.

[0469] <Composition Example of a Luminous Panel 2>

[0470] Figure 49 illustrates an example of a passive matrix light-emitting panel. The passive matrix light-emitting panel is structured such that a plurality of positive electrodes arranged in parallel in a stripe shape (band shape) and a plurality of negative electrodes arranged in parallel in a stripe shape (band shape) are orthogonal to each other, and an EL layer is fitted into the intersection. Accordingly, a pixel that touches the intersection point of a selected (voltage applied) positive electrode and a selected negative electrode lights up.

[0471] (A) of FIG. 49 is a plan view of a light-emitting panel before forming an EL layer. A lower electrode (931) is provided on a substrate. On the lower electrode (931), an insulating layer (925) having an opening corresponding to a light-emitting region of a light-emitting element is provided. On the insulating layer (925), a plurality of mutually parallel inverted tapered partitions (928) intersecting the lower electrode (931) are provided.

[0472] FIG. 49 (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line AB of FIG. 49 (A), and FIG. 49 (C) is a cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line CD of FIG. 49 (A). FIG. 49 (B) and (C) illustrate the configuration after fabricating a light-emitting element (930) by forming an EL layer (933) and an upper electrode (935) on a lower electrode (931).

[0473] In (B) and (C) of FIG. 49, an insulating layer (903) is provided on a substrate (901), and a plurality of stripe-shaped lower electrodes (931) are arranged at equal intervals on the insulating layer (903).

[0474] As illustrated in (C) of FIG. 49, the film thickness of the insulating layer (925) and the partition wall (928) is made larger than the film thickness of the EL layer (933) and the upper electrode (935), thereby forming the EL layer (933) and the upper electrode (935) separated into multiple regions. The upper electrode (935) is an electrode in the shape of parallel stripes extending in a direction intersecting the lower electrode (931). Each of the multiple separated regions is electrically independent. Additionally, a layer containing the material constituting the EL layer (933) and the upper electrode (935) is formed on the partition wall (928), but these layers are separated from the EL layer (933) and the upper electrode (935).

[0475] By applying separate EL layers (933) (at least light-emitting layers), each light-emitting element can be configured to display a different color, thereby making it a light-emitting panel capable of full-color display. Alternatively, the light-emitting element (930) can be configured to emit light that displays white, and the light emitted by the light-emitting element (930) can be extracted through a color filter to make it a light-emitting panel capable of full-color display.

[0476] Figure 49 (D) illustrates a plan view in which an FPC, etc., is mounted on a light-emitting panel of a passive matrix type. In Figure 49 (D), a plurality of lower electrodes (931) and a plurality of upper electrodes (935) intersect each other orthogonally. In addition, in Figure 49 (D), some components (such as the EL layer (933)) are omitted from the illustration.

[0477] A plurality of lower electrodes (931) are connected to the FPC (909a) through an anisotropic conductive film (not shown). Additionally, a plurality of upper electrodes (935) are electrically connected to the wiring (908) at the wiring ends, and the wiring (908) is connected to the FPC (909b) through an anisotropic conductive film (not shown).

[0478] In (D) of FIG. 49, an example is shown in which a driving circuit is not provided on the substrate (901), but an IC chip having a driving circuit may be mounted on the substrate (901).

[0479] <Composition Example of a Luminous Panel 3>

[0480] When manufacturing a flexible light-emitting panel, there are methods for forming a light-emitting element on a flexible substrate (also referred to as a flexible substrate), for example, a first method of directly forming a light-emitting element on a flexible substrate, and a second method of forming a light-emitting element on a heat-resistant substrate different from the flexible substrate (hereinafter referred to as a manufacturing substrate), then peeling off the manufacturing substrate and the light-emitting element, and transferring the light-emitting element onto the flexible substrate.

[0481] For example, when using a substrate that is heat resistant to the temperature applied during the fabrication process of a light-emitting device, such as a glass substrate thin enough to be flexible, using the first method is desirable because it simplifies the process.

[0482] In addition, by applying the second method, an insulating film with low permeability formed by applying high temperature on a fabrication substrate can be transferred and placed on a flexible substrate. Therefore, even if an organic resin with high permeability and low heat resistance is used as a material for the flexible substrate, a flexible and highly reliable light-emitting panel can be produced.

[0483] An example of a light-emitting panel that can be produced by the second method is shown in FIG. 50 (A). The light-emitting panel shown in FIG. 50 (A) is a top-emission type light-emitting panel using a color filter method. The light-emitting panel may be configured to express one color using three subpixels of R (red), G (green), and B (blue), one color using four subpixels of R, G, B, and W (white), or one color using four subpixels of R, G, B, and Y (yellow). The color elements are not particularly limited, and colors other than RGBWY may be used, and for example, cyan or magenta may be used.

[0484] The light-emitting panel illustrated in FIG. 50 (A) has a substrate (901), an adhesive layer (902), an insulating layer (903), a transistor (920), an insulating layer (907), an insulating layer (909), a conductive layer (941), an insulating layer (943), an insulating layer (945), a light-emitting element (930), an insulating layer (925), a spacer (926), an adhesive layer (927), a coloring layer (845R, 845G, 845B, 845Y), a light-blocking layer (847), an insulating layer (993), an adhesive layer (992), and a substrate (991). The substrate (901) and the substrate (991) are flexible substrates, and the light-emitting panel illustrated in FIG. 50 (A) is flexible.

[0485] The light-emitting element (930) has a lower electrode (931), an optical adjustment layer (932), an EL layer (933), and an upper electrode (935). It is preferable to use a conductive material that is transparent for the optical adjustment layer (932). By combining a color filter (coloring layer) and a microcavity structure (optical adjustment layer), light with high color purity can be extracted from the light-emitting panel. The film thickness of the optical adjustment layer is varied according to the light emission color of each pixel.

[0486] The substrate (901) and the insulating layer (903) are bonded together by an adhesive layer (902). The substrate (991) and the insulating layer (993) are bonded together by an adhesive layer (992). A transistor (920) and a light-emitting element (930) are formed on the insulating layer (903). It is desirable to use a film with high moisture resistance on at least one of the insulating layer (903) and the insulating layer (993) so that impurities such as water can be suppressed from entering the light-emitting element (930) or the transistor (920), thereby increasing the reliability of the light-emitting panel.

[0487] The source or drain of the transistor (920) is electrically connected to the lower electrode (931) of the light-emitting element (930) through the conductive layer (941). The transistor (920) has a second gate formed on the same plane as the conductive layer (941). The end of the lower electrode (931) is covered with an insulating layer (925). It is preferable that the lower electrode (931) reflects visible light. The upper electrode (935) transmits visible light. By providing a spacer (926), the gap between the substrate (901) and the substrate (991) can be adjusted.

[0488] Each colored layer has a portion that overlaps with the light-emitting element (930). The light-blocking layer (847) has a portion that overlaps with the insulating layer (925). The space between the light-emitting element (930) and each colored layer is filled with an adhesive layer (927).

[0489] The insulating layer (907) and insulating layer (909) have the effect of suppressing the diffusion of impurities into the semiconductor constituting the transistor. Additionally, for the insulating layer (943) and insulating layer (945), it is suitable to select an insulating layer having a flattening function to reduce surface irregularities caused by the transistor and wiring.

[0490] In one embodiment of the present invention, the light-emitting panel may have a touch sensor. For example, as shown in (B) of FIG. 50, a capacitive element may be provided between the insulating layer (993) and the light-blocking layer (847), and between the insulating layer (993) and the coloring layer. A plurality of conductive layers (981) are provided in contact with the insulating layer (993). Through an opening in the insulating layer (982), the plurality of conductive layers (981) are electrically connected by the conductive layer (983). An insulating layer (984) is provided to reduce surface irregularities caused by the capacitive element. A coloring layer and a light-blocking layer (847) are provided in contact with the insulating layer (984). The capacitive element is formed using a material that transmits light emitted by the light-emitting element (930).

[0491] As shown in (C) of FIG. 50, the EL layer (933) may be applied separately. That is, an EL layer (933) that emits light of a different color may be provided.

[0492] Materials such as glass, quartz, organic resin, metal, and alloy can be used for the substrate of the light-emitting panel. The substrate on the side that extracts light from the light-emitting element uses a material that transmits this light. In particular, it is preferable to use a flexible substrate. For example, organic resin, glass having a thickness sufficient to be flexible, metal, or alloy can be used.

[0493] In the adhesive layer of the light-emitting panel, various types of curing adhesives may be used, such as photocuring adhesives like UV-curing adhesives, reaction-curing adhesives, thermosetting adhesives, and anaerobic adhesives. Examples of these adhesives include epoxy resin, acrylic resin, silicone resin, phenolic resin, polyimide resin, imide resin, PVC (polyvinyl chloride) resin, PVB (polyvinyl butyral) resin, and EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) resin. In particular, it is preferable to use materials with low moisture permeability, such as epoxy resin. Additionally, a two-component mixed resin may be used. Furthermore, an adhesive sheet may be used.

[0494] The structure of the transistor in the light-emitting panel is not particularly limited. For example, it may be a staggered transistor or an inverse staggered transistor. In addition, it may be a transistor having either a top-gate or bottom-gate structure. The semiconductor material used for the transistor is not particularly limited and may include, for example, silicon such as amorphous silicon or polysilicon, germanium, organic semiconductors, etc. Alternatively, an oxide semiconductor containing at least one of indium, gallium, and zinc, such as an In-Ga-Zn metal oxide, may be used.

[0495] The crystallinity of the semiconductor material used in the transistor is not particularly limited, and any of the following may be used: amorphous semiconductors or crystalline semiconductors (microcrystalline semiconductors, polycrystalline semiconductors, single-crystal semiconductors, or semiconductors having crystalline regions in some parts). Using a crystalline semiconductor is preferable because it suppresses the degradation of transistor characteristics.

[0496] <<Display Panel>>

[0497] In FIG. 51 (A), a material (4005) is provided to surround a pixel portion (4002) provided on a first substrate (4001). The pixel portion (4002) is sealed by the first substrate (4001), the material (4005), and the second substrate (4006). In FIG. 51 (A), a signal line driving circuit (4003) and a scan line driving circuit (4004), formed of a single crystal semiconductor or a polycrystalline semiconductor, are mounted on a separately prepared substrate in an area on the first substrate (4001) that is different from the area surrounded by the material (4005). Additionally, various signals and potentials supplied to the signal line driving circuit (4003), the scan line driving circuit (4004), or the pixel portion (4002) are supplied from an FPC (4018a) and an FPC (4018b).

[0498] In FIG. 51 (B) and (C), a material (4005) is provided to surround a pixel portion (4002) and a scan line driving circuit (4004) provided on a first substrate (4001). The pixel portion (4002) and the scan line driving circuit (4004) are sealed by the first substrate (4001), the material (4005), and the second substrate (4006). In FIG. 51 (B) and (C), a signal line driving circuit (4003) formed of a single-crystal semiconductor or a polycrystalline semiconductor is mounted on a separately prepared substrate in an area on the first substrate (4001) that is different from the area surrounded by the material (4005). In (B) and (C) of FIG. 51, various signals and potentials supplied to the signal line driving circuit (4003), scan line driving circuit (4004), or pixel unit (4002) are supplied from the FPC (4018).

[0499] Additionally, in (B) and (C) of FIG. 51, an example is shown in which a signal line driving circuit (4003) is separately formed and mounted on the first substrate (4001), but this configuration is not limited to this. A scan line driving circuit may be separately formed and mounted, or only a part of the signal line driving circuit or a part of the scan line driving circuit may be separately formed and mounted.

[0500] In addition, the connection method of the separately formed driving circuit is not particularly limited, and wire bonding, COG, TCP, COF, etc. can be used. FIG. 51 (A) is an example in which the signal line driving circuit (4003) and the scan line driving circuit (4004) are implemented by COG, FIG. 51 (B) is an example in which the signal line driving circuit (4003) is implemented by COG, and FIG. 51 (C) is an example in which the signal line driving circuit (4003) is implemented by TCP.

[0501] The pixel portion (4002) and the scan line driving circuit (4004) formed on the first substrate (4001) have a plurality of transistors.

[0502] FIG. 52 illustrates an example of a display panel having a liquid crystal element as a display element. FIG. 52 illustrates an example in which a liquid crystal element in FFS (Fringe Field Switching) mode is applied. The display panel illustrated in FIG. 52 has a scan line driving circuit (4004) and a pixel section (4002). Specifically, it has a substrate (701), a substrate (711), a transistor (820), a liquid crystal element (860), a polarizer (861), a polarizer (862), a backlight (863), an insulating layer (815), an insulating layer (816), an insulating layer (817), a conductive layer (857), an adhesive layer (927), a connector (826), an FPC (808), etc. The liquid crystal element (860) has a comb-shaped first electrode (871), a liquid crystal (872), and a second electrode (873).

[0503] When using a liquid crystal element as the above-mentioned display element, thermotropic liquid crystals, low-molecular-weight liquid crystals, high-molecular-weight liquid crystals, high-molecular-weight liquid crystals, ferroelectric liquid crystals, antiferroelectric liquid crystals, etc., may be used. These liquid crystal materials exhibit cholesteric phases, smectic phases, cubic phases, chiral nematic phases, isotropic phases, etc., depending on the conditions. Alternatively, a liquid crystal exhibiting a blue phase that does not require an alignment layer may be used.

[0504] Furthermore, since transistors using oxide semiconductors achieve relatively high field-effect mobility, high-speed driving is possible. Therefore, by utilizing transistors made of oxide semiconductors in the pixel portion of a semiconductor device with a display function, high-quality images can be provided. Additionally, since the driving circuit portion and the pixel portion can be manufactured separately on the same substrate, the number of components in the semiconductor device can be reduced.

[0505] In addition to the FFS mode, liquid crystal display panels can use TN (Twisted Nematic) mode, IPS (In-Plane-Switching) mode, ASM (Axially Symmetric Aligned Micro-cell) mode, OCB (Optical Compensated Birefringence) mode, FLC (Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal) mode, AFLC (AntiFerroelectric Liquid Crystal) mode, etc.

[0506] In addition, a normally black liquid crystal display panel may be used, for example, a transmissive liquid crystal display panel employing a vertical alignment (VA) mode. Here, the vertical alignment mode is a method of controlling the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules in a liquid crystal display panel, in which liquid crystal molecules are aligned in a direction perpendicular to the panel surface when no voltage is applied. Several examples of vertical alignment modes may be used, such as MVA (Multi-Domain Vertical Alignment) mode, PVA (Patterned Vertical Alignment) mode, and ASV (Advanced Super View) mode. Furthermore, a method called multi-domain or multi-domain design may be used, in which a pixel is divided into several regions (sub-pixels) and molecules are oriented in different directions in each region.

[0507] In addition, the display panel appropriately provides optical members (optical substrates), such as a black matrix (light-blocking layer), a polarizing member, a phase difference member, or an anti-reflection member. For example, circularly polarized light obtained by a polarizing substrate and a phase difference substrate may be used. Additionally, a backlight, a side light, etc. may be used as a light source.

[0508] In addition, the display method in the pixel portion may utilize a progressive method or an interlaced method. Furthermore, when displaying colors, the color elements controlled in the pixel are not limited to the three colors of RGB (R represents red, G represents green, and B represents blue). For example, RGBW (W represents white), or one or more colors such as yellow, cyan, and magenta added to RGB may be used. In addition, the size of the display area may vary for each dot of the color element. However, one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to a color display panel but may also be applied to a monochrome display panel.

[0509] In the present specification and the like, the display panel and the light-emitting panel may use various forms or have various elements. Examples of display elements include EL elements (EL elements including organic and inorganic materials, organic EL elements, inorganic EL elements), LEDs (white LEDs, red LEDs, green LEDs, blue LEDs, etc.), liquid crystal elements, electrophoretic elements, and display elements using MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems).

[0510] This embodiment can be appropriately combined with other embodiments.

[0511] (Embodiment 7)

[0512] In this embodiment, an electronic device according to one form of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 53 to 55.

[0513] A capacitor, a light-emitting device, or a display device, etc., to which one embodiment of the present invention is applied, may be used in an electronic device. A capacitor, a light-emitting device, or a display device, etc., to which one embodiment of the present invention is applied, has a member having rubber elasticity. The member having rubber elasticity has a plurality of convex portions. When the electronic device is bent, two adjacent convex portions come into contact with each other, thereby preventing the user from bending the electronic device more than necessary. By one embodiment of the present invention, damage caused by bending the electronic device more than necessary can be suppressed, thereby increasing the safety or reliability of the electronic device.

[0514] Examples of electronic devices include television devices (also called television or television receivers), monitors for computers, digital cameras, digital video cameras, digital photo frames, mobile phones (also called mobile phones or mobile phone devices), portable game consoles, portable information terminals, audio playback devices, and large game machines such as pachinko machines.

[0515] Since the storage device, light-emitting device, or display device according to one embodiment of the present invention has flexibility, the various devices themselves, or electronic devices using these various devices, can be provided along the curved surface of the interior or exterior of a house or building, or the interior or exterior of a moving object (automobile, aircraft, subway, ship, etc.).

[0516] In addition, with reference to FIG. 53, an arm-mounted (or wristwatch-type) portable information terminal according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described. Furthermore, one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to an arm-mounted type mounted on the wrist, upper arm, etc., but can also be applied to a portable information terminal mounted on the waist, ankle, etc.

[0517] The arm-mounted (or wristwatch-type) portable information terminal exemplified in this embodiment may have a communication function and may be capable of sending and receiving emails collectively. It is preferable that the portable information terminal be capable of running various applications such as mobile phone, email, text viewing and composition, music playback, internet communication, and computer games.

[0518] In addition, sending and receiving emails may be performed by connecting wirelessly or via a wired connection with a mobile phone, such as a smartphone, or other portable information terminal. For example, the display of an arm-mounted (or wristwatch-type) portable information terminal may be used as a sub-display by using it in conjunction with a smartphone.

[0519] In addition, the portable information terminal may be capable of performing short-range wireless communication that meets communication standards. For example, it may be possible to make hands-free calls by communicating with a headset capable of wireless communication.

[0520] An arm-mounted (or wristwatch-type) portable information terminal has at least one of a button, a switch, or a touch panel. The button or switch may have various functions, such as setting the time, turning the power on or off, turning wireless communication on or off, enabling and disabling silent mode, and enabling and disabling power saving mode. Additionally, these operations may be performed by operating the touch panel. The functions of the button or switch may be freely configured by an operating system provided with the portable information terminal.

[0521] In addition, the arm-mounted (or wristwatch-type) portable information terminal exemplified in this embodiment preferably has a sensor for measuring the user's biometric information, such as heart rate, respiratory rate, pulse, body temperature, or blood pressure.

[0522] For example, heart rate can be measured from the contraction of capillaries in the arms, etc., using an optical sensor.

[0523] In addition, by using a sensor that determines whether the portable information terminal is mounted on the user's arm based on the electrical conductivity of the skin, it may be possible to automatically perform the on / off operation of the power of the portable information terminal.

[0524] For example, in a portable information terminal, it is preferable that these sensors be mounted on the side where the user's arm comes into contact.

[0525] In addition, it may be possible to measure data of the usage environment. For example, it may include a UV sensor or an illuminance sensor. By determining the amount of UV rays, it can be used to prevent the user from getting sunburned. Furthermore, it may be possible to automatically adjust the brightness of the display according to the illuminance of the usage environment. It is preferable that these sensors be mounted on the display side, for example, in a portable information terminal.

[0526] In addition, the portable information terminal may be able to receive GPS (Global Positioning System) signals.

[0527] In addition, it is desirable that the portable information terminal be able to charge a secondary battery non-contactually. Furthermore, it is desirable that the portable information terminal has a photoelectric conversion element and be able to charge a secondary battery using this photoelectric conversion element. For example, it is desirable that the secondary battery be charged by solar power generation.

[0528] The arm-mounted (or wristwatch-type) portable information terminal (300) illustrated in FIG. 53 (A) has a display unit (301), a battery (303), a fixing mechanism (305), and a housing (307), etc. The display unit (301), the battery (303), and the housing (307) each have flexibility. Therefore, the portable information terminal (300) can be easily bent into a desired shape. For example, a flexible light-emitting panel or a display panel can be used for the display unit (301). Additionally, a flexible secondary battery can be used for the battery (303). According to one embodiment of the present invention, damage caused by the display unit (301) and the battery (303) bending more than necessary can be suppressed, thereby increasing the reliability of the portable information terminal (300).

[0529] In FIG. 53 (A), an example having two batteries (303) in the housing (307) is illustrated, but the number of batteries is not particularly limited as long as it is one or more. Additionally, the batteries (303) may be arranged overlappingly on the display unit (301).

[0530] For example, one or more types of materials such as metal, resin, or natural materials may be used for the housing (307). As metal, stainless steel, aluminum, titanium alloy, etc. may be used. Also, as resin, acrylic resin, polyamide resin, etc. may be used. Additionally, as natural materials, wood, stone, bone, leather, paper, processed fabric, etc. may be used.

[0531] In FIG. 53 (B), a perspective view of the portable information terminal (350) in a curved, ring-shaped state is shown, and in FIG. 53 (C), a top view of the portable information terminal (350) in an unfolded (or extended) state is shown. In FIG. 53 (D) and (E), cross-sectional views taken along the dashed line Z1-Z2 of FIG. 53 (C) are shown.

[0532] An arm-mounted (or wristwatch-type) portable information terminal (350) has a display unit (301), a housing (302a), a housing (302b), and a battery (303). The housing (302b) and the battery (303) each have flexibility. Therefore, the portable information terminal (350) can be easily bent into a desired shape. Additionally, the display unit (301) and the housing (302a) may also each have flexibility. According to one embodiment of the present invention, damage caused by the display unit (301) and the battery (303) bending more than necessary can be suppressed, thereby increasing the reliability of the portable information terminal (350). Additionally, as shown in (C) of FIG. 53, the portable information terminal (350) may have an operation button (309).

[0533] As illustrated in (D) of FIG. 53, it is preferable that a storage device according to one embodiment of the present invention be applied to the battery (303). The battery (303) has a secondary battery (20) and a member (40) having rubber elasticity. Additionally, it is preferable that a light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention be applied to the display unit (301). The display unit (301) has a light-emitting panel (10) and a member (40) having rubber elasticity.

[0534] As illustrated in (E) of FIG. 53, the portable information terminal (350) may also have a sensor (70). Various sensors, such as the sensor for detecting biometric information described above, may be used as the sensor (70). The flexibility of the sensor (70) is not a factor. The sensor (70) is provided inside or outside of a member (40) having rubber elasticity. In (E) of FIG. 53, an example is illustrated in which one embodiment of the present invention is applied to a battery (303), and the display unit (301), housing (302a), and sensor (70) do not have flexibility.

[0535] An example of an electronic device having a curved display portion (7000) is illustrated in (A) to (D) of FIG. 54. The display portion (7000) is provided with a curved display surface and can display along the curved display surface. Additionally, the display portion (7000) may be flexible.

[0536] The electronic device exemplified in the present embodiment has at least one of a light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention or a capacitor according to one embodiment of the present invention. For example, a light-emitting device having a light-emitting panel may be used in the display unit (7000). In addition to this, the light-emitting device may have a secondary battery. Furthermore, a capacitor having an electronic unit may be used as a battery.

[0537] An example of a mobile phone is illustrated in (A) of FIG. 54. The mobile phone (7100) has a display unit (7000), a housing (7101), an operation button (7103), an external connection port (7104), a speaker (7105), a microphone (7106), etc.

[0538] The mobile phone (7100) is equipped with a touch sensor on the display (7000). All operations, such as making a call or entering text, can be performed by touching the display (7000) with a finger or a stylus.

[0539] In addition, by operating the control button (7103), the power can be turned on or off, or the type of image displayed on the display unit (7000) can be switched. For example, the email composition screen can be switched to the main menu screen.

[0540] An example of a television device is illustrated in (B) of FIG. 54. The television device (7200) is provided with a display unit (7000) in a housing (7201). Here, a configuration in which the housing (7201) is supported by a stand (7203) is illustrated.

[0541] The operation of the television device (7200) can be performed by an operation switch provided in the housing (7201) or by a separate remote control controller (7211). Alternatively, a touch sensor may be provided in the display unit (7000), or the device may be operated by touching the display unit (7000) with a finger or the like. The remote controller (7211) may have a display unit that displays information output from the remote controller (7211). Since the channel can be operated or the volume adjusted by the operation key or touch panel provided by the remote controller (7211), the image displayed on the display unit (7000) can be operated.

[0542] Additionally, the television device (7200) is configured to be equipped with a receiver or a modem. General television broadcasts can be received via the receiver. Furthermore, by connecting to a wired or wireless communication network via the modem, one-way (from sender to receiver) or two-way (between sender and receiver, or between receivers, etc.) information communication can be performed.

[0543] It is desirable that the television device (7200) be able to display images such as full high-definition quality, 4K quality, or 8K quality.

[0544] FIG. 54 (C) is a perspective view of a portable information terminal (7300), and FIG. 54 (D) is a top view of a portable information terminal (7300). The portable information terminal (7300) has a housing (7301) and a display unit (7000). Additionally, it may have an operation button, an external connection port, a speaker, a microphone, an antenna, or a battery. The display unit (7000) is equipped with a touch sensor. Operation of the portable information terminal can be performed by touching the display unit (7000) with a finger or a stylus.

[0545] The portable information terminal exemplified in this embodiment has one or more functions selected from, for example, a telephone, a notebook, or an information viewing device. Specifically, each can be used as a smartphone. The portable information terminal exemplified in this embodiment can execute various applications, such as mobile phone, email, text viewing and composition, music playback, internet communication, and computer games.

[0546] The portable information terminal (7300) can display text or image information on its multiple surfaces. For example, as shown in (C) of FIG. 54, three operation buttons (7302) can be displayed on one surface, and information (7303) displayed as a rectangle can be displayed on another surface. FIG. 54 (C) and (D) illustrate examples in which information is displayed on the upper side of the portable information terminal.

[0547] In addition, examples of information include notifications from Social Networking Services (SNS), indications of incoming emails or phone calls, the subject or sender name of emails, date and time, battery level, and antenna reception strength. Alternatively, instead of information, operation buttons, icons, etc., may be displayed at the location where information is displayed.

[0548] For example, a user of a portable information terminal (7300) can check the display (here, information (7303)) while the portable information terminal (7300) is placed in the chest pocket of the clothing.

[0549] Specifically, the phone number or name of the caller of the incoming call is displayed in a location that can be observed from above the mobile information terminal (7300). The user can determine whether to answer the call by checking the display without taking the mobile information terminal (7300) out of the pocket.

[0550] An example of a portable information terminal having a flexible display unit (7001) is illustrated in (E) to (H) of FIG. 54.

[0551] The following portable information terminal has at least one of a light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention and a storage device according to one embodiment of the present invention. For example, a light-emitting device having a light-emitting panel may be used in the display unit (7001). This light-emitting device may also have a secondary battery. Alternatively, a storage device having a battery unit may be used as a battery. For example, the portable information terminal may be equipped with a light-emitting panel that can be bent with a radius of curvature of 0.01 mm or more and 150 mm or less, or a secondary battery that can be bent with a radius of curvature of 1 mm or more and 150 mm or less. Additionally, the display unit (7001) may be equipped with a touch sensor, and the portable information terminal can be operated by touching the display unit (7001) with a finger or the like.

[0552] An example of a foldable portable information terminal is illustrated in FIG. 54 (E) and (F). FIG. 54 (E) shows a portable information terminal (7650) in a folded state with the display portion (7001) facing inward, and FIG. 54 (F) shows a portable information terminal (7650) in a folded state with the display portion (7001) facing outward. The portable information terminal (7650) has a display portion (7001) and a non-display portion (7651). When the portable information terminal (7650) is not in use, the display portion (7001) can be folded inward to prevent the display portion (7001) from becoming dirty or damaged.

[0553] An example of a flexible portable information terminal is illustrated in (G) of FIG. 54. The portable information terminal (7700) has a housing (7701) and a display unit (7001). Additionally, it may have input means such as a button (7703a), a button (7703b), voice output means such as a speaker (7704a), a speaker (7704b), an external connection port (7705), and a microphone (7706). Additionally, the portable information terminal (7700) may be equipped with a flexible battery (7709). The battery (7709) may be arranged, for example, overlapping with the display unit (7001).

[0554] The housing (7701), the display unit (7001), and the battery (7709) are flexible. Therefore, the portable information terminal (7700) can be easily bent into a desired shape or the portable information terminal (7700) can be easily twisted. For example, the portable information terminal (7700) can be folded so that the display unit (7001) is on the inside or outside. Alternatively, the portable information terminal (7700) can be used in a rolled state. In this way, since the housing (7701) and the display unit (7001) can be freely deformed, the portable information terminal (7700) has the advantage of being difficult to damage even if it is dropped or if an unintended external force is applied.

[0555] In addition, since the portable information terminal (7700) is lightweight, it can be conveniently used in various situations, such as by attaching the upper part of the housing (7701) to a clip or the like, or by fixing the housing (7701) to a wall with a magnet or the like.

[0556] A light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention has a light-emitting panel that functions as a display unit (7001) and a secondary battery that functions as a battery (7709). By one embodiment of the present invention, damage caused by bending the display unit (7001) and the battery (7709) more than necessary can be suppressed, thereby increasing the reliability of the portable information terminal.

[0557] An example of a wristwatch-type portable information terminal is illustrated in (H) of FIG. 54. The portable information terminal (7800) has a band (7801), a display unit (7001), an input / output terminal (7802), an operation button (7803), etc. The band (7801) functions as a housing. Additionally, the portable information terminal (7800) may be equipped with a flexible battery (7805). The battery (7805) may be positioned to overlap, for example, at least one of the display unit (7001) and the band (7801).

[0558] The band (7801), the display unit (7001), and the battery (7805) are flexible. Therefore, the portable information terminal (7800) can be easily bent into a desired shape. In addition, according to one embodiment of the present invention, damage caused by bending the display unit (7001) and the battery (7805) more than necessary can be suppressed, thereby increasing the reliability of the portable information terminal.

[0559] By touching the icon (7804) displayed on the display unit (7001) with a finger or the like, the application can be launched.

[0560] The portable information terminal (7800) may have an input / output terminal (7802). If it has an input / output terminal (7802), it may directly exchange data with another information terminal through a connector. Additionally, it may be charged through the input / output terminal (7802). Furthermore, the charging operation of the portable information terminal exemplified in this embodiment may be performed by non-contact power transmission without using the input / output terminal.

[0561] The electronic device illustrated in (A), (D), (F), and (G) of FIG. 55 has at least one of a light-emitting device according to one embodiment of the present invention and a capacitor according to one embodiment of the present invention. For example, a light-emitting device having a light-emitting panel may be used in the display unit (7000). This light-emitting device may also have a secondary battery. Additionally, a capacitor having an electronic unit may be used as a battery.

[0562] FIG. 55 (A) illustrates an example of a mobile phone. The mobile phone (7400) is equipped with, in addition to a display unit (7402) combined in a housing (7401), an operation button (7403), an external connection port (7404), a speaker (7405), a microphone (7406), etc. Additionally, the mobile phone (7400) has a storage device (7407).

[0563] Fig. 55 (B) illustrates a bent state of a mobile phone (7400). When the mobile phone (7400) is deformed by an external force to bend the entire device, the capacitor (7407) provided inside it is also bent. The capacitor (7407) is a thin capacitor. The capacitor (7407) is fixed in a bent state. The capacitor (7407) in a bent state is illustrated in Fig. 55 (C).

[0564] FIG. 55 (D) illustrates an example of a bracelet-type display device. The portable display device (710) comprises a housing (715), a display unit (712), an operation button (713), and a capacitor (714). Additionally, FIG. 55 (E) illustrates a capacitor (714) in a bent state.

[0565] Figure 55 (F) illustrates an example of a wristwatch-type portable information terminal. The portable information terminal (720) has a housing (721), a display unit (722), a band (723), a buckle (724), an operation button (725), an input / output terminal (726), etc.

[0566] Additionally, the display unit (722) is provided with a curved display surface and can display along the curved display surface. Additionally, the display unit (722) is equipped with a touch sensor and can be operated by touching the screen with a finger or a stylus. For example, an application can be launched by touching an icon (727) displayed on the display unit (722).

[0567] Additionally, the portable information terminal (720) is equipped with an input / output terminal (726) and can directly exchange data with another information terminal through a connector. Additionally, it can be charged through the input / output terminal (726). Alternatively, it may be charged by wireless power supply without using the input / output terminal (726).

[0568] The portable information terminal (720) has a capacitor. For example, the capacitor (714) shown in (E) of FIG. 55 may be provided inside the housing (721) in a curved state or inside the band (723) in a bendable state.

[0569] Figure 55 (G) illustrates an example of an armband-type display device. The display device (730) has a display section (734) and a capacitor. Additionally, the display device (730) may be equipped with a touch sensor on the display section (734) and may also function as a portable information terminal.

[0570] The display unit (734) has a curved display surface and can display along the curved display surface. Additionally, the display device (730) can change the display status by means of short-range wireless communication that meets communication standards.

[0571] Additionally, the display device (730) is equipped with an input / output terminal and can directly exchange data with another information terminal through a connector. It can also be charged through the input / output terminal. Additionally, it may be charged by wireless power supply without using the input / output terminal.

[0572] This embodiment can be appropriately combined with other embodiments. Explanation of the symbols

[0573] 1: Sudan 2: Sudan 3: Sudan 4: Subordinate 5: Switch 6: Inductor 7: Switch 8: Diode 9: Diode 10: Light-emitting panel 11: Light-emitting element 12a: Terminal 12b: terminal 13: Resistance 14: Resistance 20: Secondary battery 21a: Electrode 21b: Electrode 22: Instrumentation amplifier 30: Circuit 31: Antenna 32: Controller 33a: Terminal 33b: Terminal 34: Terminal 35: Electronic Components 36: Error Amplifier 37: Triangular wave oscillator 38: Comparator 39: Buffer 40: Member having rubber elasticity 40a: Uneven structure 45: Touch panel 49: Inverter 50: Circuit 51: Switch 52a: Terminal 52b: Terminal 53a: Wiring 53b: Wiring 55: Circuit board 60: Area 61: Area 62: Area 63: Area 64: Area 65: Area 66: Area 67: Area 68: Antenna 70: Sensor 100: Energy storage device 102: Active material layer 103: Separator 107: External body 109: Member having rubber elasticity 109a: Uneven structure 110: Energy storage device 111: Bipolar 112: Energy storage device 113: Energy storage device 114: Energy storage device 115: Cathode 116: Energy storage device 117: Energy storage device 118: Energy storage device 119a: Convex part 119b: Convex part 120: Battery unit 121: Positive lead 123: Electrode Lead 125: Cathode lead 129: Sealing layer 150: Light-emitting device 165: Spacer 165a: Spacer 165b: Spacer 165c: Spacer 165d: Spacer 191: Structure 192: Concave part 192a: Uneven structure 195: Filler 200: Secondary battery 203: Separator 203a: Area 203b: Area 207: Exterior 211: Bipolar 211a: Anode 215: Cathode 215a: Cathode 220: Sealing layer 221: Positive lead 225: Cathode lead 230: Electrode assembly 231: Electrode assembly 250: Secondary battery 281: Tab area 282: Tab area 300: Portable Information Terminal 301: Display unit 302a: Housing 302b: Housing 303: Battery 305: Fixing mechanism 307: Housing 309: Control Buttons 310: Water supply device 311: Resonance coil 312: Coil 313: Rectifier circuit 314: DC-DC Converter 315: Battery 316: Floating capacity 350: Portable Information Terminal 400: Transmission device 401: High-frequency power supply 402: Coil 403: Resonance coil 404: Floating capacity 500: Battery unit 501: Positive current collector 502: Anode active material layer 503: Anode 504: Cathode current collector 505: Cathode active material layer 506: Cathode 507: Separator 508: Electrolyte 509: Exterior body 510: Positive lead 511: Cathode Lead 521: Structure 522: Concave part 522a: Uneven structure 531: Floor 551: Structure 552: Concave part 552a: Uneven structure 701: Board 710: Portable display device 711: Board 712: Display unit 713: Control Button 714: Battery 715: Housing 720: Portable Information Terminal 721: Housing 722: Display unit 723: Band 724: Buckle 725: Control button 726: Input / Output Terminal 727: Icon 730: Display device 734: Display unit 808: FPC 815: Insulating layer 816: Insulating layer 817: Insulating layer 820: Transistor 826: Conjunction 845B: Colored layer 845G: Coloring layer 845R: Colored layer 845Y: Colored layer 847: Shading layer 857: Challenge Floor 860: Liquid crystal element 861: Polarizer 862: Polarizer 863: Backlight 871: Electrode 872: LCD 873: Electrode 901: Board 902: Adhesive layer 903: Insulating layer 907: Insulating layer 908: Wiring 909: Insulating layer 909a: FPC 909b: FPC 911: Challenge Floor 912: Challenge Floor 913: Desiccant 920: Transistor 921: Auxiliary electrode 925: Insulating layer 926: Spacer 927: Adhesive layer 928: Bulkhead 929: Space 930: Light-emitting element 931: Lower electrode 932: Optical adjustment layer 933: EL layer 935: Upper electrode 941: Challenge Floor 943: Insulating layer 945: Insulating layer 981: Challenge Floor 982: Insulating layer 983: Challenge Floor 984: Insulating layer 991: Board 992: Adhesive layer 993: Insulating layer 1000: Input power detection unit 1001: Sudan 1002: Sudan 1003: Subordinate 2000: Voltage converter 2001: Sudan 2002: Switch 4001: Board 4002: Pixel section 4003: Signal line driving circuit 4004: Scan line driving circuit 4005: Reality 4006: Board 4018: FPC 4018a: FPC 4018b: FPC 7000: Display unit 7001: Display unit 7100: Mobile phone 7101: Housing 7103: Control Button 7104: External access port 7105: Speaker 7106: Microphone 7200: Television device 7201: Housing 7203: Stand 7211: Remote control operator 7300: Portable Information Terminal 7301: Housing 7302: Operation Button 7303: Information 7400: Mobile phone 7401: Housing 7402: Display unit 7403: Operation Buttons 7404: External access port 7405: Speaker 7406: Microphone 7407: Battery 7650: Portable Information Terminal 7651: Non-display section 7700: Portable Information Terminal 7701: Housing 7703a: Button 7703b: Button 7704a: Speaker 7704b: Speaker 7705: External access port 7706: Microphone 7709: Battery 7800: Portable Information Terminal 7801: Band 7802: Input / Output Terminal 7803: Control Button 7804: Icon 7805: Battery

Claims

Claim 1 A light-emitting device comprising: a light-emitting unit including a light-emitting panel, a secondary battery, and a circuit; and a first member having rubber elasticity, wherein the light-emitting unit is sealed by the first member having rubber elasticity, and when viewed from the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting device, at least one of the secondary battery and the circuit and the light-emitting panel overlap each other, and the first member having rubber elasticity includes an uneven structure including a first convex portion and a second convex portion on the back surface of the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting device, and wherein the first convex portion and the second convex portion come into contact with each other when the light-emitting device is folded. Claim 2 A light-emitting device comprising: a light-emitting unit including a light-emitting panel, a secondary battery, and a circuit; and a first member having rubber elasticity, wherein the light-emitting unit is sealed by the first member having rubber elasticity, and the first member having rubber elasticity includes an uneven structure including a first convex portion and a second convex portion on the back surface of the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting device, wherein one of the light-emitting panel and the secondary battery overlaps with the uneven structure, and the first convex portion and the second convex portion come into contact with each other when the light-emitting device is folded. Claim 3 A light-emitting device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a touch panel, wherein the touch panel is positioned on the first member having rubber elasticity, the light-emitting panel comprises a light-emitting element, and light emitted by the light-emitting element is extracted to the outside through the touch panel. Claim 4 A light-emitting device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a touch panel, wherein the touch panel is located on the back side of the light-emitting surface of the light-emitting device. Claim 5 A light-emitting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the circuit includes an antenna and the circuit charges the secondary battery.

Images