Method for producing bio blocks using vegetable oil and plant biomass and bio blocks produced thereby

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a bio-block using plant oil and plant biomass, characterized by comprising: a step S1 of heat-treating a first plant oil, castor oil, at 40 to 80°C for 5 to 10 minutes; a step S2 of heat-treating a second plant oil at 100 to 200°C for 1 to 2 minutes; a step S3 of mixing the heat-treated castor oil and the heat-treated second plant oil to produce a mixed oil; a step S4 of mixing 20 to 50 wt% of the mixed oil, 0.1 to 3.0 wt% of glycerin, 0.1 to 3.0 wt% of a reaction initiation catalyst, and 10 to 50 wt% of plant biomass; a step S5 of adding 20 to 50 wt% of a crosslinking agent to the mixture, mixing, and then filling into a mold; and a step S6 of treating the mold at 20 to 180°C for 1 to 60 hours. A bio-block can be manufactured using a bio-adhesive with excellent carbon dioxide reduction capabilities by applying a carbon-neutral plant-derived material according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a bio-adhesive produced using heat-treated vegetable oil and a reaction initiation catalyst, and a bio-block produced by mixing and processing the bio-adhesive with biomass under optimal conditions. Background Technology

[0002] Conventional blocks are manufactured by mixing cement with aggregate, pouring it into a mold, and curing it under pressure. As a result, the gaps between the aggregates are filled with cement, which leads to a problem of reduced permeability.

[0003] In addition, techniques for manufacturing blocks by mixing multiple aggregates of different particle sizes in a certain ratio or by additionally adding waste tires or synthetic fiber materials are known as efforts to improve permeability.

[0004] On the other hand, while blocks are manufactured using colored natural aggregates or mixed with colored polymer-based binders to achieve various colors and secure physical properties such as permeability and strength, these chemical materials can pollute streams and rivers when exposed to the environment for a long period.

[0005] Currently, bio-adhesive technology is not commercialized in Korea, and polymers are imported from Germany and mixed with aggregates for use. Overseas, BASF of Germany possesses polymer-based adhesive technology. Technology for manufacturing permeable polyurethane blocks, composite permeable blocks, or riparian slope erosion prevention structures is being developed by importing such polymer adhesives.

[0006] Polymer-based binders developed using petroleum-based resins are mixed with binders, hardeners, fillers, aggregates, etc., to manufacture petroleum-based polymer concrete. It is evident that petroleum-based polymer concrete has limitations in addressing the reduction of CO2 emissions aimed at preventing global warming, which is currently being discussed internationally from an environmental perspective.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop bio-adhesives endowed with eco-friendly properties capable of preventing environmental pollution, which is a limitation of polymer-based binders used to replace concrete or cement, and to develop so-called bio-blocks composed primarily of such bio-adhesives and biomass. Prior art literature

[0008] Korean Registered Gazette No. 10-1895272 (Announced Aug. 30, 2018) Korean Registered Gazette No. 10-1489892 (Announced Feb. 4, 2015) Korean Registered Gazette No. 10-1568828 (Announced Nov. 16, 2015) The problem to be solved

[0009] This invention aims to solve the problems of the prior art by manufacturing a bio-block by mixing plant biomass with a bio-adhesive that can replace petroleum-derived binders, such as polyurethane, which are conventionally used for bonding aggregates and pose a high risk of environmental pollution.

[0010] In addition, another objective is to provide a bio-block using natural materials that possesses excellent mechanical properties without polluting groundwater and rivers. means of solving the problem

[0011] To solve the above-mentioned technical problem, a method for manufacturing a bio-block using plant oil and plant biomass is provided, characterized by comprising: a step S1 of heat-treating a first plant oil, castor oil, at 40 to 80°C for 5 to 10 minutes; a step S2 of heat-treating a second plant oil at 100 to 200°C for 1 to 2 minutes; a step S3 of mixing the heat-treated castor oil and the heat-treated second plant oil to produce a mixed oil; a step S4 of mixing 20 to 50 wt% of the mixed oil, 0.1 to 3.0 wt% of glycerin, 0.1 to 3.0 wt% of a reaction initiation catalyst, and 10 to 50 wt% of plant biomass; a step S5 of adding 20 to 50 wt% of a crosslinking agent to the mixture, mixing, and then filling into a molding die; and a step S6 of treating the molding die at 20 to 180°C for 1 to 60 hours.

[0012] The above reaction initiation catalyst is characterized by being one selected from among tertiary amine-based catalysts and organometal-based catalysts.

[0013] The above-mentioned crosslinking agent is characterized by being selected from MDI (4,4'-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate) and TDI (toluene-2,4-diisocyanate).

[0014] The above second vegetable oil is characterized by being one selected from soybean oil, palm oil, olive oil, and waste cooking oil.

[0015] Meanwhile, a bioblock manufactured by the above method is provided. Effects of the invention

[0016] A bio-block can be manufactured using a bio-adhesive with excellent carbon dioxide reduction capabilities by applying a carbon-neutral plant-derived material according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] In addition, by applying various types of organic materials such as organic plant byproducts and vegetable oils, waste recycling can be promoted and costs can be reduced.

[0018] On the other hand, the scope of application for bio-adhesives can be expanded, allowing for the development of products for walking paths, river embankments, and construction by molding organic plant matter and its by-products into building materials. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0019] FIG. 1 is an image of specimens according to (a) Example 1 and (b) Example 2 of bioblocks using plant oil and plant biomass prepared according to the present invention. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0020] The present invention will be explained in more detail below through examples and experimental examples. However, these examples are intended only to aid in understanding the invention and do not limit the scope of the invention in any way.

[0021] A method for manufacturing a bio-block using plant oil and plant biomass according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a step S1 of heat-treating a first plant oil, castor oil, at 40 to 80°C for 5 to 10 minutes; a step S2 of heat-treating a second plant oil at 100 to 200°C for 1 to 2 minutes; a step S3 of mixing the heat-treated castor oil and the heat-treated second plant oil to produce a mixed oil; a step S4 of mixing 20 to 50 wt% of the mixed oil, 0.1 to 3.0 wt% of glycerin, 0.1 to 3.0 wt% of a reaction initiation catalyst, and 10 to 50 wt% of plant biomass; a step S5 of adding 20 to 50 wt% of a crosslinking agent to the mixture, mixing, and then filling into a mold; and a step S6 of treating the mold at 20 to 180°C for 1 to 60 hours.

[0022] First, in step S1, the first vegetable oil, castor oil, is heat-treated at 40–80°C for 5 to 10 minutes. Castor oil refers to the dried seeds of the castor plant, an annual herb belonging to the sumac family; it is obtained by harvesting the fruit after the seeds ripen in the autumn, removing the shells, and drying them in the sun. Castor oil obtained by pressing these castor seeds is used. The castor oil is heat-treated at a temperature of 40–80°C for 5 to 10 minutes.

[0023] In addition, in step S2, the second vegetable oil is heat-treated at a temperature of 100 to 200°C for 1 to 2 minutes. The second vegetable oil is any one selected from soybean oil, palm oil, olive oil, and waste cooking oil.

[0024] If vegetable oil is used without heat treatment, the bonding reaction with glycerin and plant biomass is slowed down, and the adhesive performance is reduced.

[0025] In step S3, a mixed oil is prepared by mixing heat-treated castor oil and heat-treated second vegetable oil. The mixing ratio of the heat-treated castor oil and the second vegetable oil is 3 to 5 to 1 by weight. The amount of mixed oil used may be 0.1 to 70 weight%, preferably 15 to 60 weight%, and more preferably 20 to 50 weight% based on the total weight of the composition.

[0026] In step S4, 20-50% by weight of mixed oil, 0.1-3.0% by weight of glycerin, 0.1-3.0% by weight of reaction initiation catalyst, and 10-50% by weight of plant biomass are first mixed based on the total weight of the mixture.

[0027] Glycerin is a primary alcohol that reacts with -OH groups and has the advantage of excellent reactivity; it can be used in an amount of 0.1 to 3.0 weight% relative to the total weight of the mixture. Glycerin is commonly used as a moisturizer in cosmetics, a food additive, etc.

[0028] The reaction initiation catalyst is used to promote the reaction, and the amount used may be 0.01 to 6.0 weight%, preferably 0.1 to 3.0 weight%, based on the total weight of the mixture.

[0029] The reaction initiation catalyst is selected from tertiary amine-based catalysts and organometal-based catalysts, and amine-based catalysts such as DABCO (1,4-DIAZABICYCLO(2.2.2)OCTANE) and DMDEE (2,2'-Dimorpholinodiethylether), and organometal-based catalysts such as zinc neodecanoate (CAS 27253-29-8), zirconium acetylacetonate, titanium acetylacetonate, and aluminum acetylacetonate can be used.

[0030] To impart a carbon reduction function, carbon-neutral plant matter and by-products are used for plant biomass, and the amount used may be 5 to 70 weight percent, preferably 10 to 50 weight percent, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0031] The above plant biomass is a biomass commonly used in the industry, and may be, for example, herbaceous energy crops such as seaweed, seagrass, and aquatic plants, or may be a mixture of one or more selected from forest products and forestry waste, and biomass byproducts such as sawdust, tree bark, leaves, husks, tofu residue, and coffee grounds.

[0032] Next, in step S5, 20 to 50 weight percent of a crosslinking agent is added to the total weight of the mixture and then filled into a mold. The crosslinking agent is an isocyanate compound selected from MDI (4,4'-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate) and TDI (toluene-2,4-diisocyanate). The crosslinking agent contributes to the bonding and adhesion between the vegetable oil and the biomass, and performs the function of creating specific crosslinking points.

[0033] In step S6, a bio-block is manufactured by pressurizing the mixture filled in the mold at 20 to 180°C for 1 to 60 hours.

[0034] Specific embodiments and experimental examples according to the present invention will be described below. The following embodiments are provided merely as examples to aid in understanding the present invention, and the technical scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

[0035] Bio-blocks using plant oil and plant biomass were prepared according to an example and a comparative example of one embodiment of the present invention, and their physical properties were compared.

[0036] [Example]

[0037] < Examples 1>

[0038] A bioblock was prepared by mixing 38.4 wt% of a mixed oil in which castor oil as the first vegetable oil and soybean oil as the second vegetable oil were mixed in a weight ratio of 5:1, 0.7 wt% of vegetable glycerin, 1.1 wt% of aluminum acetonate as a reaction initiation catalyst, and 26.2 wt% of sawdust, and then additionally mixing 33.8 wt% of MDI as a crosslinking agent, filling the mixture into a mold, and reacting it at 70°C for 4 hours. The resulting specimen corresponds to (a) in Fig. 1.

[0039] <Example 2>

[0040] A viro block was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a 1:1 mixture of sawdust and commercially available wood chips was used instead of the above sawdust. The resulting specimen corresponds to (b) in Fig. 1.

[0041] [Experimental Example]

[0042] Tensile strength, tear strength, and elongation were measured using the bio-block specimens prepared according to Examples 1 and 2 above and are shown in [Table 1] below.

[0043] [Table 1]

[0044]

[0045] As a result of measuring tensile strength, tear strength, and elongation, it was confirmed that the material meets the physical property standards required for interior construction applications.

[0046] <Example 2>

[0047] Environmental hazardous substances, phthalate content, and four major heavy metals were measured using specimens of the bioblocks prepared according to Examples 1 and 2 above and are listed in [Table 2].

[0048] [Table 2]

[0049]

[0050] According to the above measurement results, it was confirmed that the product meets the standards in terms of environmental hazardous substances, phthalate content, and heavy metal content.

[0051] The present invention described above is not limited to the aforementioned embodiments, as various substitutions and modifications are possible within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention for those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

Claims

Claim 1 Step S1 of heat-treating a first vegetable oil, castor oil, at 40–80°C for 5–10 minutes; Step S2 of heat-treating a second vegetable oil at 100–200°C for 1–2 minutes; Step S3 of preparing a mixed oil by mixing the heat-treated castor oil and the heat-treated second vegetable oil; Step S4 of mixing 20–50 wt% of the mixed oil, 0.1–3.0 wt% of glycerin, 0.1–3.0 wt% of a reaction initiation catalyst, 10–50 wt% of plant biomass, and 20–50 wt% of a crosslinking agent; Step S5 of filling the mixture into a mold; A method for manufacturing a bioblock using plant oil and plant biomass, comprising step S6 of treating the mold at 20 to 180°C for 1 to 60 hours, wherein the crosslinking agent is selected from MDI (4,4'-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate) and TDI (toluene-2,4-diisocyanate). Claim 2 A method for producing a bioblock using plant oil and plant biomass, characterized in that, in claim 1, the reaction initiation catalyst is selected from one of a tertiary amine-based catalyst and an organometal-based catalyst. Claim 3 delete Claim 4 A method for manufacturing a bioblock using vegetable oil and plant biomass, characterized in that, in claim 1, the second vegetable oil is selected from soybean oil, palm oil, olive oil, and waste cooking oil. Claim 5 A method for manufacturing a bioblock using vegetable oil and plant biomass according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat-treated castor oil in step S3 and the heat-treated second vegetable oil, soybean oil, are mixed in a weight ratio of 3 to 5 to 1. Claim 6 A bioblock using plant oil and plant biomass produced by the method of any one of paragraphs 1, 2, 4, and 5.

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