Precast lining segment having position-adjustable connecting device and tunnel construction method using the same

Abstract

The present invention relates to a precast lining segment equipped with a position-adjustable connecting device and a tunnel construction method using the same. According to the present invention, after installing a waterproofing sheet on the excavation surface of a tunnel, the upper ends of two precast lining segments are connected by an anchor fastener, and a position-adjustable connecting device including an L-shaped connector and a position-adjustable connector is installed between the lower end and the foundation hole to allow adjustment of the segment's longitudinal (linear), height, and horizontal spacing. Accordingly, it is possible to provide a precast lining segment equipped with a position-adjustable connecting device that can precisely install the precast lining segment while preventing damage to the waterproofing sheet and stably support the lateral pressure of the filler material poured into the back space, as well as a tunnel construction method using the same.

Description

Technology Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a precast lining segment equipped with a position-adjustable connecting device. More specifically, the invention relates to a precast lining segment equipped with a position-adjustable connecting device that connects the upper ends of two precast lining segments to each other by means of an anchor fastener, and installs the position-adjustable connecting device in an expanded connecting space formed between the lower ends of both precast lining segments and a foundation hole, thereby allowing the precast lining segment to be connected to a foundation hole while adjusting its longitudinal (linear) direction and height and adjusting its horizontal spacing, and to a tunnel construction method using the same. Background Technology

[0002] Generally, tunnels are constructed by excavating the ground or rock and then installing lining structures to ensure the stability of the excavation surface and form the internal space of the tunnel.

[0003] These tunnel lining structures are installed along the excavation surface to support ground loads, water pressure, earth pressure, and loads acting during construction, and serve to stably maintain the usable space inside the tunnel.

[0004] In conventional tunnel construction methods, a method has been widely used in which formwork is installed on the inner side of the excavation face after tunnel excavation, and concrete is poured on-site in the space between the formwork and the excavation face to form lining concrete.

[0005] While this type of on-site casting method has the advantage of being able to form a continuous lining structure corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel, it has limitations in that the construction period is prolonged and the amount of on-site work increases because multiple processes, such as formwork installation, rebar placement, concrete pouring, curing, and formwork removal, must be performed sequentially on-site.

[0006] Accordingly, in order to improve the constructability of tunnel lining structures, a method has recently been proposed in which pre-fabricated precast lining segments are transported into the tunnel from a factory or a fabrication yard outside the site, and then multiple precast lining segments are assembled and installed along the perimeter or length of the tunnel.

[0007] These precast lining segments are manufactured in advance to have a specific curvature or cross-sectional shape, and at the site, each segment is placed at a designated location and adjacent segments are connected or fixed to each other to form part or all of the tunnel lining.

[0008] In addition, in a conventional precast lining segment construction method, a method may be used in which a precast lining segment is assembled and installed on the inner side of the tunnel excavation face, and then a filling material including concrete, mortar, and grout is poured into the space between the back of the precast lining segment and the excavation face or waterproofing layer to fill the back of the segment.

[0009] Such backfilling or backfilling processes are performed for the purpose of filling the back space between the precast lining segment and the surrounding ground, stabilizing the position of the segment, and transferring or distributing external loads to the lining structure.

[0010] At this time, the precast lining segments must be assembled within the tunnel according to the designated positions and alignment, and the longitudinal, height, and horizontal spacing between adjacent segments must be properly maintained.

[0011] In addition, when a filler is poured on the back of a segment, it is necessary to temporarily or permanently support and fix the segment so that the precast lining segment is not displaced inward or the relative position between segments is not changed due to the pouring pressure of the filler.

[0012] In addition, waterproofing sheets are often installed between the tunnel excavation surface and the precast lining segments, and these sheets perform the important function of preventing leakage inside the tunnel by blocking the inflow of groundwater or seepage water.

[0013] Therefore, during the process of assembling and installing precast lining segments and pouring filler behind them, the installation position of the segments, the gap between the segments and the waterproofing sheet, and the flow and pouring pressure of the backfill material must be properly managed to prevent damage to the waterproofing sheet.

[0014] However, while the conventional precast lining segment construction method offers improved constructability by manufacturing the segments in advance and assembling them on-site, it is difficult to accurately align the position and alignment of the segments due to manufacturing errors, transportation and installation errors, construction errors in the tunnel excavation surface, and height errors in the underlying foundation or support structure.

[0015] In addition, since pouring pressure acts on the segment during the process of pouring filler material onto the back of the segment, separate structural measures are required to maintain the segment's position and spacing, as well as to protect the waterproofing sheet.

[0016] Therefore, in tunnel lining construction technology using precast lining segments, there is a need for technology that goes beyond simply assembling and installing precast lining segments; it allows for on-site adjustment of the longitudinal position and height of the segments, stably maintains the horizontal spacing between adjacent segments, effectively supports the segments against the pouring pressure acting during backfill concrete pouring, and prevents damage to the waterproofing sheet.

[0017] Figure 1 is an example of tunnel construction using conventional precast lining segments.

[0018] Referring to FIG. 1, a tunnel using conventional precast lining segments is constructed by pouring shotcrete (2) onto an excavation surface (1) formed after tunnel excavation, installing rock bolts (3) to primarily support and reinforce the excavation surface (1), laying non-woven fabric and a waterproof sheet (4) on the inside of the shotcrete (2), and installing an arch-shaped PC panel (5) on the inside.

[0019] At this time, the PC panel (5) is arranged in the form of a plurality of precast lining segments along the inner surface of the tunnel and is fixed to the tunnel side through a fixed anchor (6).

[0020] In addition, a certain back space is formed between the shotcrete (2) and the PC panel (5), and a filler material (8) is filled into the back space.

[0021] That is, the ground pressure of the excavation surface (1) is primarily supported by shotcrete (2) and rock bolts (3), and by filling the back surface of the PC panel (5) installed inside it with a filler material (8), a portion of the ground pressure or water pressure is transmitted to the PC panel (5) through the filler material (8).

[0022] Accordingly, the PC panel (5) functions not only as a simple tunnel interior material or finishing material, but also as an auxiliary support material that shares some of the ground pressure or water pressure through the filling material (8).

[0023] However, the prior art of FIG. 1 focuses only on filling the back space between the shotcrete (2) and the PC panel (5) with a filler material (8) to transfer the load, and does not disclose a separate adjustment structure for precisely adjusting the longitudinal position, height, and horizontal spacing of the PC panel (5).

[0024] That is, the PC panel (5) is merely a structure fixed by a fixed anchor (6), and means to adjust the position three-dimensionally while correcting manufacturing errors, transportation and installation errors of the precast lining segment or construction errors of the excavation surface (1) and shotcrete (2) are not sufficiently considered.

[0025] In addition, in the prior art of FIG. 1, a non-woven fabric and a waterproof sheet (4) are laid on the inside of the shotcrete (2), a PC panel (5) is installed on the inside, and a filler material (8) is filled into the back space.

[0026] Specifically, the nonwoven fabric and waterproof sheet (4) may include a nonwoven fabric (41) installed on the inner surface of the shotcrete (2), a heat-fused portion (42) for fixing the waterproof sheet, and a fixing device (44) for fixing the nonwoven fabric (41) or the waterproof sheet installation portion to the shotcrete (2).

[0027] The non-woven fabric (41) is placed between the uneven surface of the shotcrete (2) and the waterproofing sheet and can function as a buffer layer to mitigate direct damage to the waterproofing sheet from the rough surface, protrusions, or local irregular shapes of the shotcrete (2).

[0028] In addition, the non-woven fabric (41) can also serve as a guiding drainage layer that allows groundwater flowing in from the excavation surface (1) or shotcrete (2) side to be drained along the back surface of the waterproof sheet.

[0029] The heat-fusion section (42) is a part for joining the waterproof sheet to the fixing member (44) or the waterproof sheet installation part by a heat-fusion method. That is, since waterproofing may be reduced if the waterproof sheet is fixed by simply penetrating it directly with a nail or anchor, by fixing the waterproof sheet using the heat-fusion section (42), the continuity of the waterproof layer can be maintained as much as possible while suppressing sagging, lifting, or displacement of the waterproof sheet.

[0030] The fixing member (44) is a fixing member for fixing the non-woven fabric (41) or waterproof sheet installation part to the shotcrete (2) side, so that the non-woven fabric and waterproof sheet (4) are maintained in a constant position along the inner surface of the tunnel.

[0031] That is, the prior art of FIG. 1 adopts a waterproof structure that prevents groundwater flowing in from the excavation surface (1) from penetrating into the tunnel or allows it to be drained by placing a non-woven fabric (41) on the inside of the shotcrete (2) and installing the non-woven fabric and waterproof sheet (4) using a heat-fused part (42) and a fixing device (44).

[0032] However, the above waterproof sheet installation structure focuses only on the structure for installing and fixing the non-woven fabric and waterproof sheet (4) to the shotcrete (2) side, and has limitations in preventing the PC panel (5) from coming too close to or being pressed against the non-woven fabric and waterproof sheet (4) due to installation error, transportation error, assembly error between segments, or injection pressure of the filler (8).

[0033] Therefore, it is difficult to reliably prevent tearing, compression, or damage to the waterproof sheet with the above structure alone.

[0034] In addition, since the configuration involves filling the back space with a filler material (8) to transfer a load to the PC panel (5), a horizontal pressure, i.e., pouring pressure, may be applied to the PC panel (5) during the injection or pouring process of the filler material (8).

[0035] In particular, when the filler material (8) is poured to a height above a certain level, lateral pressure from the filler material (8) is applied to the back surface of the PC panel (5). However, the prior art of FIG. 1 does not disclose a separate pouring pressure control device to stably maintain the position of the PC panel (5) in response to the pouring pressure of the filler material (8) or to prevent separation between segments and linear deformation.

[0036] In addition, since the PC panel (5) is fixed to the tunnel side via a fixed anchor (6), fine adjustment of the longitudinal direction, height, and horizontal spacing of the segment may be limited once the position is determined after installation.

[0037] Accordingly, during the process of assembling multiple PC panels (5) continuously, differences in height between segments, uneven spacing, and linear inconsistencies may occur, and there is a problem that these errors are difficult to correct after the injection of the filler material (8).

[0038] In addition, the structure is such that the PC panel (5) functions as an auxiliary support material by filling the back surface of the PC panel (5) with a filler material (8), but the configuration is not disclosed in which the inner or outer cross-section of the PC panel (5) itself is enlarged to stably support the pouring pressure of the filler material (8) or to simultaneously perform segment position adjustment and load support.

[0039] Therefore, the conventional technology of FIG. 1 is useful in that it improves the constructability and quality of the tunnel lining by using a PC panel (5), which is a precast lining segment, and transmits ground pressure or water pressure to the PC panel (5) through the filling material (8), but it has limitations in that it does not provide sufficient means of solution for correcting installation errors of the PC panel (5), protection of the waterproof sheet (4), control of the pouring pressure of the filling material (8), and the longitudinal, height, and horizontal spacing between segments.

[0040] Figure 2 is an example of a conventional precast lining segment construction.

[0041] Referring to FIG. 2, it can be seen that the tunnel structure (10) of the conventional precast lining segment construction is constructed such that shot concrete (32) is constructed along the inner surface of the excavation hole, a waterproof membrane and non-woven fabric (34) are installed on the inner side of the shot concrete (32), and a precast lining segment (44) is installed on the inner side to form an arched inner surface of the tunnel.

[0042] At this time, the precast lining segment (44) is manufactured with an arched cross-section having almost the same thickness throughout, from the ceiling of the tunnel to the lowest part connected to the lower part of both sides or the upper surface of the foundation.

[0043] That is, although the precast lining segment (44) is arranged in a curved shape along the inner surface of the tunnel, rather than being structured such that the cross-section is partially enlarged or reinforced in correspondence with the ceiling connection, side wall, and bottom connection, it is formed such that the cross-section of the segment of a certain thickness continues along the curvature of the tunnel.

[0044] In particular, for the ceiling connection configuration, a recessed plate (12), a hanger bracket (16), or a similar anchor fastening configuration may be installed sequentially.

[0045] In this case, an anchor fastening hole, a bolt fastening hole, or a hole for installing a buried member may be formed to fix the buried plate (12) or the hanger bracket (16) to the ceiling of the precast lining segment (44).

[0046] However, if the precast lining segment (44) is manufactured with almost the same thickness as other parts in the ceiling section, there may not be enough space to install an anchor fastener in the ceiling section.

[0047] That is, although the ceiling section is a structural load transfer section connected to a hanger bracket (16), a plate for embedding (12), a hanger support plate (18), etc., since a separate section enlargement section is not formed, the effective section may be reduced by an anchor fastening hole or an embedding member installation hole.

[0048] Consequently, at the ceiling connection, problems such as insufficient cross-section, localized stress concentration, cracking, or reduced fastening strength may occur around the anchor fastener.

[0049] Meanwhile, the lower ends of both sides of the precast lining segment (44) may be supported on the foundation of the tunnel or on the upper surface of the foundation, or connected by pouring a filler material between them.

[0050] However, even in this case, if the lowest part of the precast lining segment (44) is formed with the same or nearly the same thickness as the ceiling part, it is difficult to secure sufficient space between the upper surface of the foundation part and the lowest part of the precast lining segment (44) to smoothly pour the filler material.

[0051] In particular, if the bottom part of the precast lining segment (44) is formed with a thin thickness and is placed close to the upper surface of the base, the inflow path of the filler is narrowed, and the filler may not spread evenly throughout the entire connection part and may not be filled densely.

[0052] Accordingly, voids, bubbles, unfilled areas, or uneven filling areas may occur between the base and the bottom part of the precast lining segment (44), and such unfilled areas may cause uneven load transfer, leakage, cracking, settlement, or reduced long-term durability.

[0053] In addition, after installing the precast lining segments (44), a method of connecting the joints between segments or the joints between the segments and the foundation can be applied using bolts, anchors, brackets, rails, grout mortar, or separate connecting hardware.

[0054] While this method can perform the function of fixing the precast lining segment (44) in a predetermined position, it has limitations in comprehensively absorbing errors such as manufacturing errors of the precast lining segment (44), construction errors of the tunnel excavation surface, construction errors of the shot concrete (32), installation errors of the waterproof membrane and non-woven fabric (34), and height errors of the foundation.

[0055] That is, the prior art of FIG. 2 does not sufficiently provide separate adjustment means to independently adjust the longitudinal, height and horizontal spacing of the precast lining segment (44).

[0056] Accordingly, when arranging multiple precast lining segments (44) continuously in the tunnel length direction, connecting them to one another in the left and right directions, or connecting them to the lower foundation, a step difference, gap, gap, eccentricity, or twisting may occur between the segments, and this may cause damage to the waterproof membrane and non-woven fabric (34).

[0057] Accordingly, the prior art of FIG. 2 discloses a technique for forming the inner surface of a tunnel using precast lining segments (44), but it does not sufficiently disclose a structure for expanding the inner or outer cross-section of the segments by considering the structural characteristics of the ceiling connection part and the lowest connection part, compensating for cross-sectional loss caused by anchor fasteners, securing a filling space between the lowest part and the foundation part, and adjusting the height and alignment of the segments.

[0058] Figure 3 is an example diagram of a connection of precast members using a conventional L-shaped connecting member.

[0059] That is, it can be seen that the prior art according to FIG. 3 proposes a method of using an adjustment member including an L-shaped connecting member (71) to connect an upper precast member and a lower precast member, or to install a precast member on a lower support structure.

[0060] Specifically, the conventional precast member connection structure may be configured such that a connecting member (71) having an L-shaped cross section is installed in the connection part or lower support part of the upper PC outer wall plate (74) and the lower PC outer wall plate (75), and the L-shaped connecting member is fastened to a limiting member (72), embedded reinforcing bar (78), fixing nut (73), and support member (79), thereby allowing the position of the precast member to be adjusted or fixed.

[0061] At this time, the L-shaped connecting member (71) may be formed as a steel member having a horizontal plate and a vertical plate, the horizontal plate may be placed on the upper part of the lower support structure or the lower PC outer wall plate (75), and the vertical plate may be placed at a position corresponding to the side of the upper PC outer wall plate (74) or the embedded reinforcing bar (78).

[0062] Accordingly, the L-shaped connecting member supports the lower part of the upper PC outer wall plate (74) and serves to fix the installation position of the upper PC outer wall plate (74) through the embedded reinforcing bar (78) and the fixing nut (73).

[0063] Additionally, a bolt hole, an elongated hole, or a slit hole may be formed in the L-shaped connecting member or the limiting member (72) coupled thereto.

[0064] Therefore, the worker can partially correct the installation error of the upper PC outer wall plate (74) by using the range in which the bolt or embedded reinforcing bar (78) can move within the elongated hole or slit hole.

[0065] In other words, conventional L-shaped connecting members function as auxiliary construction hardware to partially adjust height, left-right position, or verticality errors that may occur during the construction process of precast members, and to secure the precast members through bolt or nut fastening after the adjustment is complete.

[0066] However, the above-mentioned conventional L-shaped connecting member basically corresponds to a configuration for adjusting and fixing the lower position of the flat PC outer wall plate (74, 75).

[0067] Therefore, it is difficult to apply this directly to structures where the longitudinal position, height position, and horizontal spacing position of the segments must be adjusted together, such as precast lining segments installed along the inner curved surface of a tunnel.

[0068] In addition, the conventional L-shaped connecting member (71) is focused on locally supporting the lower part of the precast member or partially adjusting the fastening position.

[0069] Therefore, it can be seen that the structure does not take into account adjusting the height and alignment of the segment in the space between the bottom of the precast lining segment and the lower foundation, nor stably supporting the pouring pressure of the filler after the adjustment is complete.

[0070] Furthermore, in tunnel lining construction, a waterproof sheet or non-woven fabric may be installed on the inner side of the shot concrete, and a precast lining segment may be installed on the inner side.

[0071] In this case, if fastening components such as connecting members, bolts, or nuts protrude toward the rear side of the segment, there is a risk of interfering with or damaging the waterproofing sheet.

[0072] That is, the conventional L-shaped connecting member (71) is configured to focus only on positioning and fixing the precast member, and does not consider a spacing structure, a protection structure, or a cross-section enlargement structure to prevent damage to the waterproof sheet placed on the back surface of the precast lining segment.

[0073] In addition, conventional elongated holes or slit holes only allow for limited movement of the bolt fastening position, so there were limitations in systematically performing the three-dimensional positional control of the longitudinal, height, and horizontal gap required during the construction of precast lining segments.

[0074] Therefore, although there has been a technique in the past to partially adjust the position of a precast member using an L-shaped connecting member (71), an elongated hole, or a slit hole, this is difficult to view as a structure for adjusting the height and alignment of the segment between the lower part of the precast lining segment and the lower foundation, preventing damage to the waterproofing sheet, and supporting the pouring pressure generated during the pouring of the filler material.

[0075] FIG. 4 is an example of a longitudinal connection of a precast member using a conventional L-shaped connecting member.

[0076] Referring to FIG. 3, a connection structure has been proposed in the past that uses a connecting member having an L-shaped cross-section to connect a precast member to another structural member.

[0077] Specifically, a precast wall plate (83) is installed on the upper surface of a lower precast beam (81), and the lower precast beam (81) and the precast wall plate (83) are connected to each other through an L-shaped connecting member, and then an upper cast-in-place beam (82) is cast to form an integrated structure.

[0078] At this time, a C-shaped steel groove (1-1) is formed embedded along the longitudinal direction on the upper surface of the lower precast beam (81), and a U-shaped reinforcing bar, an anchor plate, a connecting plate, and an adjustment bolt may be installed on the precast wall plate (83) as an embedded connection configuration.

[0079] Additionally, an L-shaped connecting member may be installed between the lower precast beam (81) and the precast wall plate (83) to connect the wall and the beam.

[0080] The above L-shaped connecting member may include a horizontal connecting surface (8-1) that is fastened to the upper surface of the lower precast beam (81) and a vertical connecting surface (8-2) that is fastened to the embedded connecting configuration of the precast wall plate (83).

[0081] The horizontal connecting surface (8-1) is fastened to the C-shaped steel groove (1-1) embedded in the lower precast beam (81) via a bolt (8-3), and the vertical connecting surface (8-2) can be fastened to the connecting plate or anchor plate side of the precast wall plate (83).

[0082] Accordingly, when installing the precast wall plate (83) on the lower precast beam (81), the longitudinal position relative to the lower precast beam (81) can be partially adjusted using the horizontal connecting surface (8-1) of the L-shaped connecting member, and the height or vertical position of the precast wall plate (83) can be adjusted using the vertical connecting surface (8-2) and the adjusting bolt (87).

[0083] That is, the prior art of FIG. 3 proposes a position-adjustable connection structure using a C-shaped steel groove (1-1), a bolt (8-3), a horizontal connection surface (8-1), a vertical connection surface (8-2), and an adjustment bolt (87) to absorb manufacturing errors or installation errors between a precast wall plate (83) and a lower precast beam (81).

[0084] However, the prior art of FIG. 3 basically relates to a wall-beam connection structure for installing a precast wall plate (83) of a building on a composite beam or a lower precast beam (81).

[0085] Therefore, the above L-shaped connecting member is configured primarily to adjust the position of the precast wall plate (83) and to temporarily or finally fasten it, and is not a structure that takes into account the longitudinal connection, circumferential arrangement, curved linear adjustment, and back-side casting pressure support of the precast lining segments arranged along the inner surface of the tunnel or underground structure.

[0086] In addition, since the L-shaped connecting member is fixed to the upper surface of the lower precast beam (81) and connected to the embedded connection configuration of the precast wall plate (83), the connecting member mainly performs the role of supporting the wall plate and aligning its position.

[0087] Accordingly, the above structure alone has limitations in effectively supporting the pouring pressure generated when filler is poured on the back surface of the precast lining segment, or in simultaneously controlling the gaps, step differences, linear inconsistencies, and curvature errors occurring at the longitudinal connection points between segments.

[0088] Ultimately, it can be seen that prior art technologies individually disclose a structure for transmitting ground pressure or water pressure by filling a filler material into the back space of a precast lining segment, a waterproofing structure for installing a non-woven fabric and a waterproofing sheet on the inside of the shotcrete, a structure for arranging precast lining segments of the same thickness on the inner surface of a tunnel, and a structure for partially adjusting the position of a precast member using an L-shaped connecting member and an elongated hole or slit hole.

[0089] However, it can be seen that there is a limitation in that these conventional technologies alone make it difficult to derive a technical configuration that compensates for the lack of cross-section caused by anchor fasteners by expanding the inner or outer cross-section in areas where structural load transfer is concentrated, such as the ceiling and bottom sections of precast lining segments, adjusts the height and alignment of the segment in the space between the bottom section segment and the lower foundation, performs three-dimensional positional adjustments such as longitudinal direction, height, and horizontal spacing through L-shaped connectors or corresponding adjustment devices, and furthermore, stably supports the pouring pressure of the filling material while preventing damage to the waterproofing sheet. Prior art literature

[0090] Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-0610556 (Title of Invention: Filled PC Panel Tunnel Lining System and Method of Construction thereof, Date of Publication: August 8, 2006) Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-0639751 (Title of Invention: 10-1326185, Date of Publication: November 7, 2013) Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-1522504 (Title of Invention: Method of Construction of Tunnel Ventilation Slab, Date of Publication: May 21, 2015) The problem to be solved

[0091] The objective of the present invention to solve the aforementioned problems is to provide a precast lining segment equipped with a position-adjustable connecting device that enables stable installation of the precast lining segment while suppressing damage to the waterproofing sheet, by assembling and constructing the precast lining segment while the waterproofing sheet is installed on the excavation surface of the tunnel, and by applying a connecting configuration that allows for position adjustment at the ceiling portion and the foundation connection portion of the precast lining segment. The invention also provides a tunnel construction method using the same.

[0092] In addition, the objective of the present invention is to provide a precast lining segment equipped with a position-adjustable connecting device and a tunnel construction method using the same, wherein the upper ends of both precast lining segments are connected to each other by an anchor fastener at the ceiling of the tunnel, and the lower ends of the precast lining segments and the foundation holes are connected by a position-adjustable connecting device at the lower foundation connection parts on both sides of the tunnel, thereby enabling stable upper connection and lower support connection of the precast lining segments, respectively.

[0093] Furthermore, the objective of the present invention is to provide a precast lining segment equipped with a position-adjustable connecting device, wherein the precast lining segment is not merely in close contact with or seated on the upper surface of the foundation, but is supported in a state where the longitudinal (linear), height, and horizontal spacing can be adjusted, by forming an expanded connecting space between the bottom of the precast lining segment and the foundation hole and installing a position-adjustable connecting device in the expanded connecting space, and a tunnel construction method using the same.

[0094] In addition, the objective of the present invention is to provide a precast lining segment equipped with a position-adjustable connecting device that can adjust the position of the lower part of the precast lining segment in the longitudinal direction, height, and horizontal spacing by including an L-shaped connector installed on the upper surface of the foundation and a position-adjustable connector installed on the lower surface of the precast lining segment, and connecting the L-shaped connector and the position-adjustable connector by means of a fastener.

[0095] In addition, the objective of the present invention is to provide a precast lining segment equipped with a position-adjustable connecting device and a tunnel construction method using the same, which can improve the construction precision and assembly quality of the tunnel lining by adjusting the fastening position of the position-adjustable connecting device to correct the installation position and alignment of the precast lining segment even when manufacturing errors of the precast lining segment, construction errors of the tunnel excavation surface, height errors of the foundation work, or field assembly errors occur.

[0096] In addition, the objective of the present invention is to provide a precast lining segment equipped with a position-adjustable connecting device that can secure back support of the lining structure while protecting the waterproofing sheet, by forming a back space between the back surface of the precast lining segment and the excavation surface of the tunnel, and controlling the back side pressure of the precast lining segment and the filling material pouring pressure through the back space, and a tunnel construction method using the same.

[0097] Furthermore, the objective of the present invention is to provide a precast lining segment equipped with a position-adjustable connecting device that can secure structural resistance to fastening load, self-weight, and casting pressure by expanding the inner or outer cross-section of the precast lining segment in correspondence with the connection portion, thereby preventing cross-sectional insufficiency in the portion where an anchor fastener is installed at the ceiling portion and the portion where a position-adjustable connecting device is installed at the lower foundation connection portion, and by securing structural resistance to fastening load, self-weight, and casting pressure, and a tunnel construction method using the same.

[0098] In addition, the objective of the present invention is to provide a precast lining segment equipped with a position-adjustable connecting device and a tunnel construction method using the same, which can improve the simplification of the tunnel lining construction process, the reduction of the construction period, the uniformity of quality, and the repeatability of construction by enabling the precast lining segment to be transported, installed, and fastened in units of factory-made segments rather than being formed on-site by formwork installation and on-site casting, and by absorbing on-site errors through a position-adjustable connecting device.

[0099] In addition, the objective of the present invention is to provide a precast lining segment equipped with a position-adjustable connecting device that enables position adjustment of the precast lining segment and securing of a rear space even when the precast lining segment is placed in close proximity to the inner surface of a tunnel where a waterproof sheet is installed, thereby suppressing direct pressure or damage to the waterproof sheet during the installation process of the precast lining segment, and a tunnel construction method using the same.

[0100] Furthermore, the objective of the present invention is to provide a precast lining segment equipped with a position-adjustable connecting device that can simultaneously secure assembly stability of the precast lining segment, protection of the waterproofing sheet, control of casting pressure, and structural reliability of the tunnel lining structure by controlling the installation position of the precast lining segment through mutual linkage of the connection of the tunnel ceiling, the connection of the lower foundations on both sides, and the formation of the rear space, thereby providing a tunnel construction method using the same. means of solving the problem

[0101] The precast lining segment equipped with a position-adjustable connecting device according to the present invention for achieving the above objective is a precast lining segment equipped with a position-adjustable connecting device in which two precast lining segments are assembled and installed between the ceiling of a tunnel and two foundation holes, wherein the position-adjustable connecting device is configured such that a vertical part of an L-shaped connector installed on the upper surface of both foundation holes is connected to a vertical part of a position-adjustable connector installed on the lower surface of both precast lining segments using a fastener, and the position-adjustable connector comprises: a horizontal part fixed to the lower surface of both precast lining segments; a vertical part formed by bending downward from the horizontal part and connected to the vertical part of the L-shaped connector by a fastener; and a side connecting plate formed on one side of the horizontal part or the vertical part to connect the adjacent lower ends of both precast lining segments.

[0102] A tunnel construction method using a precast lining segment equipped with a position-adjustable connecting device according to the present invention for achieving the above objective comprises: (a) a step of placing two precast lining segments equipped with the position-adjustable connecting device inside a tunnel; (b) a step of fixing the lower ends of the two precast lining segments in a position-adjustable state relative to a foundation using the position-adjustable connecting device; (c) a step of connecting the upper ends of the two precast lining segments to each other using an anchor fastener; and (d) a step of filling a back space formed between the outer surface of the two precast lining segments and the excavation surface or shotcrete surface of the tunnel with a filling material. Effects of the invention

[0103] According to the present invention, precast lining segments can be assembled and installed while a waterproof sheet is installed on the excavation surface of a tunnel, and the upper and lower ends of the precast lining segments can be connected through an anchor fastener and a position-adjustable connecting device, respectively, thereby improving the constructability of the tunnel lining compared to the on-site casting method.

[0104] In addition, according to the present invention, an extended connection space is formed between the bottom of a precast lining segment and a foundation hole, and a position-adjustable connection device can be installed in the extended connection space. Therefore, instead of a structure in which the bottom of a precast lining segment is simply placed on the foundation hole, it becomes possible to stably support the segment while adjusting its height, left-right position, and alignment.

[0105] In addition, according to the present invention, the position-adjustable connecting device includes an L-shaped connector installed on the upper surface of the foundation and a position-adjustable connector installed on the lower surface of the precast lining segment, and since the L-shaped connector and the position-adjustable connector can be connected to each other by a fastener, the installation position of the precast lining segment can be adjusted according to site conditions and securely connected to the foundation.

[0106] In addition, according to the present invention, since the connection position of the L-shaped connector and the position-adjustable connector can be adjusted, even if manufacturing errors of the precast lining segment, construction errors of the foundation work, excavation errors of the tunnel cross-section, or field assembly errors occur, the position-adjustable connector can absorb said errors, thereby ensuring the assembly precision of the precast lining segment.

[0107] In addition, according to the present invention, the upper end of the precast lining segment can be connected by an anchor fastener at the ceiling of the tunnel, and the lower end of the precast lining segment can be connected by a position-adjustable connecting device at the foundation connection, so that the upper and lower parts of the tunnel lining segment can be connected in a manner suitable for each load condition.

[0108] In addition, according to the present invention, since a position-adjustable connecting device can be installed while securing a certain spacing between the bottom of the precast lining segment and the foundation, it is possible to adjust the height, adjust the horizontal position, and check the fastening status after installing the segment, thereby improving the linear quality and assembly stability of the tunnel lining.

[0109] In addition, according to the present invention, since a back space can be formed between the back surface of a precast lining segment and the excavation surface of a tunnel, it is possible to prevent the precast lining segment from directly adhering excessively to or colliding with the waterproofing sheet, thereby reducing the possibility of damage to the waterproofing sheet.

[0110] In addition, according to the present invention, since construction errors or irregularities on the excavation surface occurring on the back side of the precast lining segment can be absorbed through the back space, the inner surface of the precast lining segment (the outer surface is the excavation surface side surface where the back space (A5) and the filler material are located, and the inner surface is the tunnel inner side surface exposed toward the tunnel cavity) can be stably positioned in accordance with the planned cross-section of the tunnel.

[0111] In addition, according to the present invention, since the lower end of the precast lining segment can be spaced apart from the upper surface of the foundation hole by a position-adjustable connecting device, the self-weight of the precast lining segment and the load generated during construction can be stably transferred to the foundation hole, and the lower support stability of the tunnel lining can be improved.

[0112] In addition, according to the present invention, since a mechanical fastening structure is formed by an L-shaped connector, a position-adjustable connector, and a fastener at the lower connection portion of a precast lining segment, complex formwork installation, rebar placement, and concrete pouring work at the site can be reduced, and the working time and on-site workload for tunnel lining construction can be reduced.

[0113] In addition, according to the present invention, since precast lining segments can be manufactured in advance at a factory and then assembled and installed on-site, the lining quality can be maintained uniformly, quality variations due to site conditions can be reduced, and a tunnel lining structure with excellent repeatability can be formed.

[0114] In addition, according to the present invention, since the expanded cross-section formed at the bottom of the precast lining segment and the position-adjustable connecting device are interconnected to secure the fastening area and adjustment margin of the lower support, it is possible to alleviate local stress concentration that may occur at the bottom of the segment and improve the long-term structural stability of the lining structure.

[0115] In addition, according to the present invention, since connection by an anchor fastener at the tunnel ceiling, connection by a position-adjustable connecting device at the foundation connection, securing adjustment margin by an expanded connection space, and protection of the waterproof sheet by a back space can be achieved together within a single tunnel lining construction structure, the assembly precision, waterproofing stability, load transfer performance, and construction efficiency of the precast lining segment can be comprehensively improved. Brief explanation of the drawing

[0116] FIG. 1 is an example of tunnel construction using conventional precast lining segments, FIG. 2 is a conventional example of precast lining segment construction, FIG. 3 is an example diagram of a connection of a precast member using a conventional L-shaped connecting member. FIG. 4 is an example of a longitudinal connection of a precast member using a conventional L-shaped connecting member. FIG. 5 is an example of a construction cross-section of a tunnel (A) of the present invention. FIGS. 6 and 7 are exemplary diagrams of a precast lining segment of the present invention. FIGS. 8 and 9 are exemplary diagrams of a position-adjustable connecting device of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a tunnel lining construction sequence diagram using a precast lining segment equipped with a position-adjustable connecting device. Specific details for implementing the invention

[0117] Embodiments of the present invention are described below in detail with reference to the attached drawings, so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the invention. However, the present invention may be embodied in various different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Furthermore, in order to clearly explain the present invention in the drawings, parts unrelated to the explanation have been omitted, and similar parts throughout the specification have been given similar reference numerals.

[0118] Throughout the specification, when a part is described as “comprising” a certain component, this means that, unless specifically stated otherwise, it does not exclude other components but may include additional components.

[0119] The precast lining (100) according to the present invention is intended to form a lining structure along the inner surface of the tunnel (A) by connecting, for example, two precast lining segments (100a, 100b) by a fastening method while a waterproof sheet (410) is installed on the excavation surface (A1) of the tunnel (A).

[0120] That is, referring to FIG. 5, at the ceiling portion (A2) of the tunnel (A), the upper portions (110) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) are connected to each other using an anchor fastener (200), and at both foundation connection portions (A3) of the tunnel (A), the lower portions (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the foundation ball (420) are connected to each other using a position-adjustable connecting device (300).

[0121] At this time, an extended connection space (A4) capable of accommodating a position-adjustable connection device (300) may be formed between the bottom (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the foundation hole (420).

[0122] In addition, a filling material (G) containing concrete is poured and cured in the expansion connection space (A4) and the back space (A5) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b), thereby filling and supporting the back side of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b), and allowing the precast lining (100) to be stably constructed along the inner surface of the tunnel (A).

[0123] At this time, the present invention deviates from the conventional method of manufacturing the entire cross-section of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) with the same thickness, and forms the upper (110) and lower (120) sections, where structural load transfer and connection configuration are concentrated, with enlarged cross-sections.

[0124] Accordingly, even if an anchor fastener (200) is installed on the top (110) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) in the ceiling (A2) of the tunnel (A), the cross-sectional insufficiency caused by the installation of the anchor fastener (200) can be prevented.

[0125] In addition, even if a position-adjustable connecting device (300) is installed at the bottom (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) at both foundation connection parts (A3) of the tunnel (A), the structural cross-section of the bottom (120) can be secured, so the lack of cross-section due to the installation of the position-adjustable connecting device (300) can be compensated for.

[0126] In particular, the bottom (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can function as a support member to suppress displacement, lifting, or overturning that may occur due to the pouring pressure of the filling material (G) filled in the expanded connection space (A4).

[0127] Therefore, both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can be stably maintained in their design positions even during the pouring and curing process of the filler (G), and the structural stability of the precast lining (100) can be improved.

[0128] In addition, the present invention is characterized by connecting both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and both foundation holes (420) of a tunnel (A) using a position-adjustable connecting device (300) that includes a position-adjustable connecting member (320) coupled with an L-shaped connecting member (310).

[0129] Accordingly, the two precast lining segments (100a, 100b) are not simply placed on the two foundation balls (420), but can be installed with the longitudinal (linear), height, and horizontal spacing adjusted through the position-adjustable connecting device (300).

[0130] That is, the present invention enables structural correction of manufacturing errors, field installation errors of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and construction errors of the excavation surface (A1) of the tunnel (A) using a position-adjustable connecting device (300).

[0131] In addition, the present invention can prevent the problem of the position-adjustable connecting device (300) directly interfering with the waterproof sheet (410) or locally compressing and damaging the waterproof sheet (410) by accommodating the position-adjustable connecting device (300) in an expanded connecting space (A4) formed between the bottom (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the foundation hole (420).

[0132] That is, the present invention secures a placement space for the position-adjustable connecting device (300) on the lower side (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b), thereby ensuring position adjustment and connection construction of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b), while also preventing the waterproof sheet (410) from tearing or being locally damaged.

[0133] Accordingly, the precast lining segment (100) equipped with the above-mentioned position-adjustable connecting device (300) is described in detail as follows.

[0134] [Precast lining segment (100) equipped with a position-adjustable connecting device (300)]

[0135] FIG. 5 is an example of a construction cross-section of a tunnel (A) of the present invention, FIG. 6 is an example of a precast lining segment (100) of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is an example of a position-adjustable connecting device (300) of the present invention.

[0136] First, referring to FIG. 5, a construction cross-section of the tunnel (A) of the present invention is disclosed, and the tunnel (A) may be formed including an excavation surface (A1), a ceiling portion (A2), a foundation connection portion (A3), an expanded connection space (A4), and a rear space (A5).

[0137] The above excavation surface (A1) may include a ground surface or rock surface exposed by excavation of the tunnel (A), and may include a shotcrete finish surface formed by pouring shotcrete onto the ground surface or rock surface.

[0138] The excavation surface (A1) formed by the excavation of the tunnel (A) can be formed as an inner boundary surface that is continuous to the ceiling (A2), side wall, and foundation connection (A3) of the tunnel (A).

[0139] It is difficult to form such an excavation surface (A1) into an arc shape or a smooth surface that is exactly the same as the design cross-section, and in the actual construction process, surface irregularities, local protrusions, or local depressions may be formed depending on the excavation condition of the ground or rock.

[0140] Accordingly, the tunnel (A) may have a construction error or linear deviation based on the excavation surface (A1).

[0141] In addition, shotcrete may be poured on the excavation surface (A1) to prevent loosening, cracking, rockfall, or local collapse of the ground or rock mass. Accordingly, in the present invention, the excavation surface (A1) may be an exposed excavation surface before the shotcrete is poured, or a shotcrete surface after the shotcrete is poured.

[0142] In addition, rock bolts, support materials, etc., not shown may be additionally installed on the excavation surface (A1) as needed. Accordingly, the excavation surface (A1) is not limited to a simple exposed excavation surface, but may be referred to as an inner support surface where the primary support structure of the tunnel (A) is formed.

[0143] In addition, the excavation surface (A1) can function as an installation surface where a waterproof sheet (410) can be installed. At this time, the waterproof sheet (410) can be installed along the inner circumference of the tunnel (A) in correspondence with the shape of the excavation surface (A1).

[0144] The above waterproof sheet (410) is a thin film-shaped waterproof layer installed in close contact with or adjacent to the excavation surface (A1) of the tunnel (A). Therefore, during the process of installing both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) along the inner circumference of the tunnel (A), if the back surface, corner portion, or connecting member of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) comes into direct contact with or adheres to the waterproof sheet (410), the waterproof sheet (410) may be locally pressed or scratched and torn.

[0145] In particular, if there are surface irregularities, local protrusions, or linear deviations on the excavation surface (A1), the waterproofing sheet (410) may be locally constricted between the excavation surface (A1) and both precast lining segments (100a, 100b).

[0146] In this case, during the installation or position adjustment process of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b), pressure, friction, or tensile force may be concentrated on the waterproof sheet (410), which may cause perforation, tearing, or breakage of the waterproof sheet (410).

[0147] Accordingly, the present invention does not directly attach both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) to the waterproof sheet (410), but instead separates the back surface of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) from the waterproof sheet (410) to secure a back surface space (A5).

[0148] In addition, the present invention allows the position-adjustable connecting device (300) to be placed in an extended connecting space (A4) formed between the bottom surface of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the foundation hole (420), rather than being placed on the back side of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) or adjacent to the waterproof sheet (410).

[0149] Accordingly, the present invention can prevent the position-adjustable connecting device (300) from directly pressing or interfering with the waterproof sheet (410) during the installation and position adjustment process of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b), and as a result, can effectively suppress damage to the waterproof sheet (410).

[0150] The above ceiling section (A2) is the uppermost excavation area of ​​the tunnel (A), and in the present invention, it is an upper connecting section where the upper ends (110) of a pair of precast lining segments (100a, 100b) face each other and are connected.

[0151] That is, the ceiling section (A2) is an upper excavation area located at the uppermost part of the inner surface of the tunnel (A), and is an upper fastening area where the upper ends (110) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) are fastened via an anchor fastener (200).

[0152] The above-mentioned foundation connection part (A3) is a part where the bottom (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the foundation hole (420) are connected by a position-adjustable connection device (300), and it is also a part where the expansion connection space (A4) and the back space (A5) are connected to each other.

[0153] Here, the foundation (420) can be formed as an L-shaped concrete side channel formed on both lower sides of the tunnel (A), as shown in FIG. 5, and functions as a lower reference surface that allows the lower ends (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) to be supported through a position-adjustable connecting device (300).

[0154] That is, the foundation (420) functions as a foundation that supports the lower part (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) from below by a position-adjustable connecting device (300), and can also serve as a reference surface for adjusting the installation position of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b).

[0155] At this time, as the back surface of the foundation ball (420) is formed spaced apart from the excavation surface (A1), the back space (A5) can be extended not only to the back side of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) but also to the back side of the foundation ball (420).

[0156] Additionally, an expanded connection space (A4) is formed in the foundation connection part (A3) to accommodate a position-adjustable connection device (300). Since the expanded connection space (A4) can be connected to the back space (A5), a filler material (G) containing concrete can be continuously poured into the expanded connection space (A4) and the back space (A5).

[0157] Accordingly, when the filler material (G) is poured and cured, the bottom (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b), the position-adjustable connecting device (300), the foundation (420), and the back space (A5) can be interconnected and supported integrally.

[0158] The above-mentioned extended connection space (A4) is a space formed between the bottom (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the foundation hole (420) in the foundation connection part (A3), and can be described as a lower connection space for accommodating a position-adjustable connection device (300).

[0159] Due to this extended connection space (A4), the bottom (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) is not simply in close contact with or seated on the foundation hole (420), but can be positioned with a certain gap between the bottom (120) and the foundation hole (420).

[0160] Accordingly, a space is secured between the lower section (120) and the foundation section (420) where a position-adjustable connecting device (300) can be installed.

[0161] Additionally, the above-mentioned extended connection space (A4) can be formed as a space surrounded by the bottom surface (120) of the bottom of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b), the top surface of the foundation hole (420), and the rear space (A5) on the excavation surface (A1) at the foundation connection part (A3) located at the lower side of both sides of the tunnel (A).

[0162] Accordingly, the position-adjustable connecting device (300) can be placed inside the expansion connecting space (A4) and can adjust the installation position of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) by connecting the bottom (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the foundation (420) to each other.

[0163] That is, the present invention places the position-adjustable connecting device (300) not on the back side of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) or adjacent to the waterproof sheet (410), but in the extended connecting space (A4) formed between the bottom (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the foundation hole (420).

[0164] Accordingly, the protrusion, fastening part, or metal corner of the position-adjustable connecting device (300) can be prevented from directly pressing or interfering with the waterproof sheet (410), and tearing, puncture, or breakage of the waterproof sheet (410) can be suppressed during the installation and position adjustment process of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b).

[0165] Additionally, the above-mentioned extended connection space (A4) may be formed to communicate with the back space (A5). Accordingly, the back space (A5) formed on the back side of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the extended connection space (A4) formed between the bottom (120) and the foundation hole (420) may not be separated closed spaces, but rather be formed as a continuous space in which the filling material (G) can continuously flow and be filled.

[0166] In this way, when the expanded connection space (A4) and the back space (A5) are connected to each other, the filling material (G) is not filled only in a limited manner in the relatively narrow back space (A5), but can be continuously flowed in and filled up to the expanded connection space (A4).

[0167] Accordingly, the problem of air bubbles remaining during the pouring process of the filler (G) making it difficult to achieve a dense filling can be alleviated, and the load transmitted to the lower part of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the foundation (420) can be more effectively distributed.

[0168] Furthermore, the above-mentioned extended connection space (A4) can also function as a space that disperses and supports the pouring pressure that can be applied to both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) by the pouring pressure of the filler material (G).

[0169] That is, during the process of pouring the filler material (G) into the back space (A5), pouring pressure may be applied to the back of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b). At this time, the position-adjustable connecting device (300) placed in the expanded connecting space (A4) and the filling structure of the filler material (G) can stably support the bottom (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) with respect to the foundation (420).

[0170] Accordingly, the possibility of lifting, displacement, or overturning of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) during the pouring and curing process of the filler (G) can be suppressed, and the designed installation position can be stably maintained.

[0171] The above-mentioned back space (A5) is a space formed between the back of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the excavation surface (A1) or waterproof sheet (410), and can be described as a filling space in which a filling material (G) containing concrete is poured and filled.

[0172] That is, by not directly attaching the two precast lining segments (100a, 100b) to the excavation surface (A1) or waterproofing sheet (410), and by separating the back surface of the two precast lining segments (100a, 100b) from the excavation surface (A1) or waterproofing sheet (410), a back space (A5) is secured.

[0173] This back space (A5) can be formed continuously along the inner circumference of the tunnel (A) and can function as a construction space where the filling material (G) can flow and be filled, by being continuous with the back of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the foundation (420) side.

[0174] Additionally, the back space (A5) can be connected to the expanded connection space (A4) formed in the foundation connection part (A3). Accordingly, the back space (A5) and the expanded connection space (A4) are not separated closed spaces, but can be formed as continuous spaces where the filling material (G) can continuously flow and be filled.

[0175] In this way, when the back space (A5) and the extended connection space (A4) are connected to each other, the filling material (G) can be continuously filled from the back side of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) to the lower side of the foundation connection part (A3).

[0176] Accordingly, the problem of air bubbles remaining or unfilled parts occurring in specific sections during the pouring process of the filler (G) can be mitigated, and the back and bottom parts of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can be filled and supported together.

[0177] In addition, during the process of pouring the filler (G) into the back space (A5), pouring pressure may be applied to the back surface of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b).

[0178] At this time, the present invention can distribute the load according to the pouring pressure of the filler material (G) to the bottom part and the foundation (420) by placing a position-adjustable connecting device (300) in an expanded connecting space (A4) formed between the bottom (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the foundation (420), and by connecting the expanded connecting space (A4) and the back space (A5).

[0179] Accordingly, the possibility of lifting, displacement, or overturning of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can be suppressed even during the process of pouring and curing the filler material (G) in the back space (A5), and the designed installation position can be stably maintained.

[0180] According to FIGS. 6 and 7, it can be seen that the upper (110) and lower (120) cross-sections of the precast lining segment (100) of the present invention are expanded. An anchor fastener (200) is installed on the upper (110) of the expanded cross-section, and an expanded connection space (A4) for accommodating a position-adjustable connecting device (300) can be formed between the bottom surface of the lower (120) of the expanded cross-section and the foundation hole (420).

[0181] The upper (110) and lower (120) of the above precast lining segment (100) can be formed so that the cross-sectional thickness is increased (expanded) compared to the middle part of the precast lining segment (100).

[0182] The above-mentioned precast lining segment (100) is a member manufactured with an arched or curved cross-section along the excavation surface (A1) of the tunnel (A), and the upper portion (110) located at the ceiling (A2) of the tunnel (A) and the lower portions (120) located at the lower sides of the tunnel (A) each function as structural connecting portions.

[0183] Accordingly, instead of increasing the overall thickness of the precast lining segment (100) equally, the cross-section is locally expanded only at the top (110) and bottom (120) where fastening force, support force, and positioning force are concentrated.

[0184] The cross-sectional expansion of the upper section (110) above is intended to secure a sufficient fastening thickness so that an anchor fastener (200) can be installed to connect the upper sections (110) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) to each other.

[0185] That is, in order to install an anchor fastener (200) on the top (110) of a precast lining segment (100), a space is required in which a fastening hole, an insertion hole, a bolt, or an anchor member of the anchor fastener (200) can be placed, and the tensile force, shear force, and local compressive force generated during fastening must be stably transmitted to the concrete cross-section of the top (110).

[0186] If the top (110) of the precast lining segment (100) is formed with the same thickness as the middle section, the effective cross-section of the top (110) may be insufficient due to the formation of a hole or embedded section for installing the anchor fastener (200), and there is a risk of stress concentration, cracking, or damage occurring around the fastener.

[0187] Accordingly, in the present invention, the cross-section of the upper part (110) is expanded to reinforce the installation area of ​​the anchor fastener (200), and the upper part (110) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can be stably fastened through the anchor fastener (200).

[0188] The cross-sectional expansion of the upper section (110) can be implemented by changing the shape of the formwork during the production of the precast lining segment (100) so that the concrete thickness of the upper section (110) is formed to be thicker than that of the middle section.

[0189] For example, the top (110) may be formed to protrude in at least one direction of the inner or outer surface of the precast lining segment (100), and preferably, it is desirable to form it so that the cross-section of the inner surface is increased.

[0190] Additionally, a portion of the anchor fastener (200) may be embedded in the extended cross-section of the top (110), or a fastening hole into which the anchor fastener (200) is inserted may be formed, and the fastening hole may be formed so that the anchor fastener (200) can be fastened when the tops (110) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) are brought together or close to each other.

[0191] Meanwhile, the cross-sectional expansion of the lower section (120) is intended to secure an expanded connection space (A4) between the lower section (120) of the precast lining segment (100) and the foundation (420), and to accommodate a position-adjustable connection device (300) in the expanded connection space (A4).

[0192] That is, the lower part (120) of the precast lining segment (100) is a part connected to the foundation work (420) at the foundation connection part (A3) of the tunnel (A), and can be said to be a part where the self-weight of the precast lining segment (100), the pouring pressure acting when pouring the lining concrete, and the positional error occurring during construction are concentrated.

[0193] Accordingly, with a structure in which the bottom (120) is simply placed directly on the foundation (420), it is difficult to precisely adjust the height, left-right spacing, longitudinal position, or inclination of the precast lining segment (100), and construction errors may accumulate.

[0194] In the present invention, by expanding the cross-section of the bottom (120), an expanded connection space (A4) is secured in which a position-adjustable connecting device (300) can be installed between the bottom surface of the bottom (120) and the foundation hole (420).

[0195] The cross-sectional expansion of the bottom (120) can also be implemented by changing the shape of the formwork during the production of the precast lining segment (100) so that the concrete thickness of the bottom (120) portion is formed to be thicker than that of the middle portion. For example, the bottom (120) can be formed to protrude in at least one direction of the inner or outer surface of the precast lining segment (100), and preferably, it is desirable to form it so that the cross-sectional area of ​​the outer surface is increased.

[0196] The above-mentioned extended connection space (A4) is not a simple empty space, but can function as an adjustment space for adjusting the vertical position, longitudinal position, and horizontal spacing of the precast lining segment (100) by arranging the upper, lower, or side fastening configurations of the position-adjustable connection device (300).

[0197] In addition, the expanded cross-section of the bottom (120) can distribute the transmitted support load and horizontal load over a sufficient area, thereby preventing damage to the bottom of the precast lining segment (100) and effectively resisting the pouring pressure of the filler (G) while stably maintaining the installation state of the precast lining segment (100) at the foundation connection parts (A3) on both sides of the tunnel (A).

[0198] The cross-sectional expansion of the lower section (120) can also be integrally formed through the shape of the formwork during the production of the precast lining segment (100), and the inner or outer part of the lower section (120) may be formed thickly, or the bottom part of the lower section (120) may be formed to have a flat surface or a stepped surface suitable for fastening, supporting, or seating the position-adjustable connecting device (300).

[0199] Accordingly, the precast lining segment (100) of the present invention has a structure in which the cross-section is locally expanded so that it functions as a lining body forming an internal cross-section of a tunnel in the middle section, while also functioning as a ceiling connection part and a foundation connection part in the upper section (110) and lower section (120), respectively.

[0200] Next, referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, the anchor fastener (200) may be configured as a fastening means for connecting the upper ends (110) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) to each other at the ceiling (A2) of the tunnel (A).

[0201] The above anchor fastening member (200) may include an anchor member (210) installed in a fastening hole or a buried hole formed in an expanded cross-section of the upper part (110), and a fastening member (220) fastened to the anchor member (210).

[0202] For example, the anchor fastener (200) may be configured to pass through a fastening hole formed at the top (110) of each of the precast lining segments (100a, 100b), or to fasten an anchor member installed at the top (110) of one precast lining segment (100a) and a corresponding fastening member installed at the top (110) of the other precast lining segment (100b) to each other.

[0203] The upper ends (110) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can be tensionally connected (hinge connected) to each other by the anchor fastener (200) above to suppress spreading, sagging, or relative displacement at the ceiling (A2).

[0204] At this time, the anchor fastener (200) can be installed in a circular or elongated fastener formed in the upper part (110). In this case, if an elongated fastener is used, the fastening position of the anchor fastener (200) can be finely adjusted even if manufacturing errors or field installation errors occur in both precast lining segments (100a, 100b).

[0205] According to FIGS. 7 and 8, it can be seen that a position-adjustable connecting device (300) is formed in the expanded connecting space (A4) between the bottom surface (120) of the expanded cross-section of the precast lining segment (100) of the present invention and the foundation hole (420).

[0206] The above position-adjustable connecting device (300) can be described as a connecting means (hinge connection) for supporting, fastening, and position-adjusting the lower ends (120) of two precast lining segments (100a, 100b) installed on both lower sides of the tunnel (A) at a certain distance from the upper surface of the foundation (420) without directly attaching them to the foundation (420).

[0207] That is, in the present invention, an extended connection space (A4) is secured between the bottom surface (120) of the bottom of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the top surface of the foundation ball (420), and by placing a position-adjustable connection device (300) in the extended connection space (A4), the bottom (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) is not simply seated on the foundation ball (420), but can be installed in a state where the height, horizontal position, longitudinal position, and inclination are adjusted through the position-adjustable connection device (300).

[0208] To this end, the position-adjustable connecting device (300) may include an L-shaped connecting member (310) installed on the upper surface of both foundation holes (420) and a position-adjustable connecting member (320) installed on the lower surface of the lower end (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b).

[0209] Referring to FIG. 8, the above L-shaped connector (310) is a foundation hole-side connecting member fixed to the upper surface of the foundation hole (420), and can be formed as a connecting member made of steel or the like with an L-shaped cross section including a horizontal part (311) that contacts or is fixed to the upper surface of the foundation hole (420) and a vertical part (312) that is bent upward or sideways from the horizontal part (311).

[0210] At this time, a fastening hole (h) in the shape of an elongated hole is formed in the horizontal portion (311) of the L-shaped connector (310), so that a fastening member (330) including an anchor bolt can be fastened and fixed to the upper surface of the foundation hole (420) by passing through the fastening hole (h), and the vertical portion (312) of the L-shaped connector (310) can function as a fastening surface connected through the position-adjustable connector (320) and the fastening member (330), and the linearity can be finely adjusted in the longitudinal direction.

[0211] Accordingly, the L-shaped connector (310) has the function of lower support member transmitting vertical and horizontal loads acting on the bottom (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) to the foundation (420) and adjusting the longitudinal linearity.

[0212] Meanwhile, referring to FIGS. 8 and 9, the above-mentioned position-adjustable connector (320) is a segment-side connecting member installed on the bottom surface (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b), and may be formed as an L-shaped body portion including a horizontal portion (321) and a vertical portion (322) overall, and a side connecting plate (323) for horizontal connection of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) may be integrally formed on one side of the L-shaped body portion.

[0213] Accordingly, the horizontal portion (321) of the position-adjustable connector (320) is fixed to the bottom surface (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) by means of a fastener (330), and the vertical portion (322) can be connected to the vertical portion (312) of the L-shaped connector (310) by means of a fastener (330).

[0214] In addition, the two side connecting plates (323) of adjacent position-adjustable connectors (320) can also be connected to each other by means of a fastener (330).

[0215] Accordingly, the position-adjustable connector (320) transmits the load resulting from the self-weight and lining concrete pouring pressure acting on the bottom (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) to the L-shaped connector (310), and at the same time, by adjusting the relative fastening position with respect to the L-shaped connector (310), the installation position, i.e., the height and horizontal spacing of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can be adjusted.

[0216] At this time, according to FIG. 8, it can be seen that the height of the two precast lining segments (100a, 100b) is such that two fastening holes (h) are formed in the horizontal portion (321) of the position-adjustable connector (320). One fastening hole (h) is penetrated by a first fastening member (331) to fix the position-adjustable connector (320), and a second fastening member (332), which is longer than the first fastening member (331), is extended to the upper surface of the foundation hole (420), so that the height can be naturally adjusted by adjusting the vertical height.

[0217] Accordingly, by adjusting the fastening position of the fastener (330) in the up and down direction, the connection height of the vertical part (322) of the position-adjustable connector (320) is adjusted, and accordingly, the lower part (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can be connected to the foundation ball (420) in a height-adjusted state.

[0218] In addition, according to FIG. 9, the horizontal spacing can be adjusted by adjusting the horizontal extension length of the fastener (330) that penetrates the side connecting plates (323) of the position-adjustable connectors (320) of the two adjacent precast lining segments (100a, 100b).

[0219] The above fastening member (330) may be composed of a combination of an anchor bolt and a nut, and the L-shaped connector (310) and the position-adjustable connector (320) can be fastened together by passing through the fastening holes formed in the L-shaped connector (310) and the position-adjustable connector (320), respectively.

[0220] In particular, at least one of the L-shaped connector (310) and the position-adjustable connector (320) may have a fastening hole (h) in the form of an elongated hole. In this case, since the fastening position of the fastening member (330) can be moved within the elongated hole or slit hole, the manufacturing error, installation error of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b), or the construction error of the foundation (420) can be absorbed on-site.

[0221] For example, if a longitudinal elongated fastening hole (h) is formed in the horizontal portion (311) of the L-shaped connector (310), the L-shaped connector (310) can be positioned in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel length relative to the foundation hole (420).

[0222] That is, a through hole (h) in the shape of an elongated hole through which the fastener (330) passes is formed in the horizontal section (311), and the through hole (h) in the shape of an elongated hole is extended along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel (A) so that the L-shaped connector (310) is fixed in a state where the fastening position is adjusted in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel (A) with respect to the foundation hole (420), and the vertical section (312) of the L-shaped connector (310) is fastened to the vertical section (322) of the position-adjustable connector (320), thereby allowing the longitudinal alignment of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) to be adjusted.

[0223] In addition, when a vertical fastening hole (h) in the shape of an elongated hole in the vertical direction is formed in the vertical portion (312) of the L-shaped connector (310) or the vertical portion (322) of the position-adjustable connector (320), the height adjustment of the lower portion (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can be further supplemented by adjusting the fastening height of the fastening member (330).

[0224] Accordingly, it includes a horizontal portion (321) fixed to the bottom surface of the bottom (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b); a vertical portion (322) formed by bending downward from the horizontal portion (321) and connected to the vertical portion (312) of the L-shaped connector (310) by a fastener (330); and a side connecting plate (323) formed on one side of the horizontal portion (321) or the vertical portion (322) to connect the adjacent bottoms (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b).

[0225] In the vertical portion (322) of the position-adjustable connector (320), a through hole (h) in the shape of an elongated hole is formed through which the fastener (330) passes, and the through hole (h) in the shape of an elongated hole is extended in the vertical direction so that the position-adjustable connector (320) can be fixed while adjusting the fastening position in the vertical direction relative to the L-shaped connector (310).

[0226] In addition, when a fastening hole (h) in the shape of an elongated hole is formed in the side connecting plate (323) of the position-adjustable connector (320), the horizontal spacing between the two precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can also be adjusted by adjusting the fastening position of the fastening member (330).

[0227] Furthermore, although not shown, if a certain gap is secured between the connecting surfaces of the L-shaped connector (310) and the position-adjustable connector (320), or if a washer, spacer, shim plate, or adjustment plate is interposed, the left-right gap, inner-outer position, or inclination of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can also be finely adjusted.

[0228] In this way, the position-adjustable connecting device (300) supports the lower end (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) in an adjustable state within the expansion connecting space (A4) through a combination of an L-shaped connector (310), a position-adjustable connector (320), and a fastener (330), rather than simply fixing it to the foundation hole (420).

[0229] Accordingly, both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can be finally fixed by precisely adjusting the longitudinal direction, height, and horizontal spacing by the position-adjustable connecting device (300) so as not to directly contact the upper surface of the foundation ball (420) and then tightening the fastener (330).

[0230] In addition, since the position-adjustable connecting device (300) is accommodated in the extended connecting space (A4) between the bottom (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the foundation (420), the position-adjustable connecting device (300) can be prevented from protruding excessively into the inner space of the tunnel and interference with subsequent lining concrete pouring or finishing work can be minimized.

[0231] In particular, in the present invention, since the lower end (120) of the precast lining segment (100) is formed with an expanded cross-section, sufficient fastening thickness and support area can be secured for installing a position-adjustable connector (320).

[0232] Therefore, even if the position-adjustable connector (320) is installed at the bottom (120), the effective cross-section of the bottom (120) is not excessively reduced, and the vertical load, horizontal load, and fastening load transmitted through the position-adjustable connector (300) can be distributed across the entire expanded cross-section of the bottom (120).

[0233] In addition, the position-adjustable connecting device (300) can stably transfer the pouring pressure and self-weight acting on both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) to the foundation (420) when pouring lining concrete, thereby suppressing overturning, spreading, settlement, or eccentric displacement of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b).

[0234] Thus, when installing both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) on the foundation connection parts (A3) on both sides of the tunnel (A), the present invention can correct on-site positional discrepancies that may occur due to construction errors of the foundation work (420) or manufacturing errors of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b), and can stably secure the linearity of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) without damaging the waterproof sheet (410) or the back space (A5).

[0235] [Tunnel construction method using precast lining segments equipped with position-adjustable connecting devices]

[0236] FIG. 10 illustrates a tunnel lining construction sequence diagram using a precast lining segment equipped with a position-adjustable connecting device.

[0237] The tunnel construction method using a precast lining segment equipped with the above-mentioned position-adjustable connecting device is a method of forming a tunnel lining by drilling and excavating a tunnel (A), installing a support structure and a waterproof sheet (410) on the excavation surface (A1) of the tunnel (A), installing foundation works (420) on both lower sides of the tunnel (A), connecting the lower ends (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) to the foundation works (420) in a position-adjustable manner using the position-adjustable connecting device (300), then installing both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) continuously along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel (A), and then pouring a filling material (G) into the back space (A5) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b).

[0238] In the following, the upper ends (110) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) are connected to each other at the ceiling (A2) of the tunnel (A), and the lower ends (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) are connected to the foundation (420) at the foundation connection parts (A3) on both sides of the tunnel (A).

[0239] First, the tunnel (A) is drilled and excavated (S110).

[0240] In the step of drilling and excavating the above tunnel (A), the ground is drilled and excavated according to the planned cross-section of the tunnel (A) to be constructed to form a tunnel excavation space.

[0241] At this time, the tunnel (A) can be excavated to have an arched cross-section, and the inner surface of the tunnel (A) forms an excavation surface (A1) on which two precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can be installed.

[0242] Next, support structures are installed on the excavation surface (A1) of the tunnel (A) (S120).

[0243] That is, support structures consisting of rock bolts, shotcrete, and combinations thereof can be installed along the excavation surface (A1) of the tunnel (A). By installing support structures along the excavation surface (A1) of the tunnel (A), the outer ground or excavation surface of the tunnel (A) can be stably maintained before the two precast lining segments (100a, 100b) are installed.

[0244] Next, a waterproof sheet (410) is installed on the excavation surface (A1) of the tunnel (A) (S130).

[0245] In the step of installing the above waterproof sheet (410), the waterproof sheet (410) is installed along the excavation surface (A1) of the tunnel (A) where the support structure is installed. The above waterproof sheet (410) functions as a waterproof layer to block groundwater or leakage that may flow in from the external ground of the tunnel (A).

[0246] At this time, in the present invention, a back space (A5) is secured between the back surface of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the waterproof sheet (410) so as to prevent the waterproof sheet (410) from being directly pressed or damaged against the outer back surface of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b).

[0247] That is, the waterproof sheet (410) is installed on the excavation surface (A1) of the tunnel (A), and the two precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can be installed at a certain distance from the waterproof sheet (410).

[0248] Accordingly, the waterproof sheet (410) can be prevented from being scratched or torn during the installation process of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b), and a space can be secured to pour the filler (G) into the back space (A5) afterwards.

[0249] Next, foundation works (420) are installed on the lower sides of the tunnel (A) (S140).

[0250] That is, a foundation hole (420) can be formed in the foundation connection part (A3) located at the lower part of both sides of the tunnel (A) to support the lower part (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b).

[0251] The above foundation ball (420) can function as a foundation part in which the lower ends (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) are connected via a position-adjustable connecting device (300).

[0252] At this time, an extended connection space (A4) is formed between the bottom (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the upper surface of the foundation ball (420).

[0253] The above-mentioned extended connection space (A4) is a lower connection space for accommodating a position-adjustable connection device (300), and can be formed by securing a certain spacing between the bottom (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the foundation hole (420).

[0254] Accordingly, the longitudinal, height, and horizontal spacing of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can be adjusted using the position-adjustable connecting device (300) accommodated in the expanded connecting space (A4).

[0255] Accordingly, a position-adjustable connecting device (300) is installed on both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the foundation (420). That is, an L-shaped connector (310) installed on the upper surface of the foundation (420), a position-adjustable connector (320) installed on the lower (120) or lower surface of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b), and a connecting member (330) for connecting the L-shaped connector (310) and the position-adjustable connector (320) to each other can be prepared.

[0256] The above L-shaped connector (310) can function as a foundation ball connecting member that is seated on the upper surface of the foundation ball (420). The above position-adjustable connector (320) can function as a segment-side connecting member that is installed on the lower surface (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and connects the lower surface (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) to the L-shaped connector (310).

[0257] Additionally, at least one of the L-shaped connector (310) and the position-adjustable connector (320) may have an elongated fastening hole (h) formed therein. Accordingly, when the fastening member (330) is fastened by passing through the elongated fastening hole (h), the lower ends (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can be fixed with respect to the foundation hole (420) in a state where the longitudinal direction, height, and horizontal spacing are adjusted.

[0258] Accordingly, an L-shaped connector (310) can be installed on the upper surface of the foundation (420) or on the foundation connection part (A3) first. At this time, the L-shaped connector (310) can be fixed to the upper surface of the foundation (420) by a fastener (330) and can be positioned to correspond to the location where the lower ends (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) are scheduled to be located.

[0259] Additionally, the position-adjustable connector (320) may be embedded or attached in advance during the manufacturing process of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b), or may be installed at the bottom (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) after being brought to the site.

[0260] Accordingly, when the two precast lining segments (100a, 100b) are placed on the upper part of the foundation (420), the position-adjustable connector (320) can be placed at a position corresponding to the L-shaped connector (310) installed in the foundation (420).

[0261] Next, the two precast lining segments (100a, 100b) are installed inside the tunnel (A) (S150).

[0262] The above two precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can be manufactured in advance at a factory or outside the site to have a curvature corresponding to the arched inner surface of the tunnel (A).

[0263] The above two precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can be manufactured by dividing them into a left segment and a right segment, and their respective tops (110) can be placed together or adjacently at the ceiling (A2) of the tunnel (A). Additionally, the bottoms (120) of the two precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can be formed to correspond to foundation holes (420) located at the lower sides of the tunnel (A).

[0264] At this time, in the present invention, the upper (110) or lower (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can be partially enlarged to correspond to the connection part. Accordingly, the cross-section of the connection part by the anchor fastener (200) can be sufficiently secured in the ceiling part (A2) of the tunnel (A), and the expanded connection space (A4) in which the position-adjustable connection device (300) can be installed can be stably secured in the foundation connection part (A3) of the tunnel (A).

[0265] Accordingly, after bringing both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) into the interior of the tunnel (A), they can be placed on the upper part of the foundation (420) installed at the foundation connection parts (A3) on both sides of the tunnel (A) using a movable trolley, although not shown.

[0266] At this time, the lower end (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) may not be in direct contact with the upper surface of the foundation ball (420), but may be positioned at a certain distance from the upper surface of the foundation ball (420).

[0267] Accordingly, an extended connection space (A4) is formed between the bottom (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the upper surface of the foundation ball (420), and a position-adjustable connection device (300) can be placed in the extended connection space (A4).

[0268] Specifically, the position-adjustable connector (320) installed at the bottom (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can be positioned to correspond to the L-shaped connector (310) installed on the upper surface of the foundation (420).

[0269] Afterwards, by connecting the L-shaped connector (310) and the position-adjustable connector (320) to each other using the fastener (330), the lower ends (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can be connected to the foundation (420).

[0270] Furthermore, the installation position of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) is adjusted using a position-adjustable connecting device (300). That is, by adjusting the fastening position of the L-shaped connector (310), the position-adjustable connector (320), and the fastening member (330), the longitudinal direction, height, and horizontal spacing of the lower end (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can be adjusted.

[0271] For example, even if there is an error in the construction height of the foundation (420) or if the shape of the excavation surface (A1) of the tunnel (A) differs in part from the design cross-section, the lower part (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can be adjusted using the position-adjustable connecting device (300).

[0272] In addition, even if manufacturing errors, on-site delivery errors, or installation errors occur in both precast lining segments (100a, 100b), the installation alignment of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can be corrected by adjusting the fastening position of the fastener (330) through the elongated hole, slit hole, or position adjustment hole of the position-adjustable connecting device (300).

[0273] Accordingly, both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can be precisely positioned to correspond to the lining cross-section designed along the inner circumference of the tunnel (A).

[0274] Next, the tops (110) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) are connected to each other and a filler (G) is poured (S160).

[0275] In the step of connecting the upper sections (110), the upper sections (110) of the two precast lining segments (100a, 100b) located on the ceiling (A2) of the tunnel (A) can be brought together or adjacent to each other, and then the upper sections (110) can be connected to each other using an anchor fastener (200).

[0276] The above anchor fastener (200) can be fastened to a connecting member embedded in the upper part (110) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) or through the upper part (110) so that both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can be connected so that they do not spread apart from each other at the ceiling part (A2) of the tunnel (A).

[0277] At this time, the upper portion (110) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) may be formed with an enlarged cross-section to accommodate the installation of an anchor fastener (200).

[0278] Accordingly, the occurrence of a cross-sectional deficiency of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) in the part where the anchor fastener (200) is installed can be suppressed, and the connection stability of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) in the ceiling part (A2) can be improved.

[0279] Afterwards, both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) are installed continuously along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel (A).

[0280] In the above continuous installation step, after one set of precast lining segments is installed, the next set of precast lining segments can be repeatedly installed at an adjacent location along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel (A).

[0281] At this time, each of the two precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can be individually positioned through a position-adjustable connecting device (300) installed in each foundation hole (420), and adjacent precast lining segments (100a, 100b) can be installed while adjusting the longitudinal spacing using the side connecting plate (323) of the position-adjustable connecting device (300).

[0282] Additionally, if necessary, a water-expanding material (130) may be installed between adjacent precast lining segments (100a, 100b), and the watertightness of the connection between segments can be secured by compressing the water-expanding material.

[0283] Therefore, even if there is a height deviation of the foundation work (420) along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel (A), a deviation of the tunnel excavation surface, an installation state of the waterproofing sheet (410), and manufacturing errors of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b), a continuous tunnel lining structure can be formed by correcting the position of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) for each installation section.

[0284] Additionally, a back space (A5) may be continuously formed along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel (A) between the back surface of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the waterproof sheet (410). The back space (A5) is a space where a filler material (G) is subsequently poured, and can be used to secure back surface support of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the integrity of the tunnel lining structure.

[0285] Furthermore, a filler material (G) is poured into the back space (A5). That is, in the step of pouring the filler material (G), the filler material (G) can be injected or poured from the ceiling portion (A2) toward the two foundation connection portions (A3) into the back space (A5) formed between the back of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the waterproof sheet (410) or excavation surface (A1).

[0286] At this time, the filler material (G) fills the back space (A5) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the foundation ball (420), and the empty space of the extended connection space (A4) connected to the back space (A5).

[0287] Accordingly, the filling material (G) is not limited to filling only the relatively narrow back space (A5), but can be expanded through the expanded connecting space (A4). As a result, blockage caused by air bubbles, etc., is prevented, and more dense filling of the back space (A5) becomes possible. In addition, a finishing formwork can be installed in the expanded connecting space (A4) so ​​that the position-adjustable connecting device (300) is embedded by the filling material (G).

[0288] When the filler material (G) poured into the above-mentioned back space (A5) is cured, a tunnel lining structure can be completed in which both precast lining segments (100a, 100b), a position-adjustable connecting device (300), a foundation (420), a waterproof sheet (410), and the filler material (G) are connected to each other.

[0289] Thus, the tunnel construction method of the present invention can rapidly form the main cross-section of the tunnel lining using two precast lining segments (100a, 100b), rather than constructing the entire site using formwork and cast-in-place concrete.

[0290] In addition, by using a position-adjustable connecting device (300) to connect the lower ends (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) to the foundation (420), the construction error of the foundation (420), the manufacturing error of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b), and the excavation error of the tunnel (A) can be corrected on-site.

[0291] Furthermore, by securing a back space (A5) between the back of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the waterproofing sheet (410) and then pouring a filler (G), damage to the waterproofing sheet (410) can be suppressed while improving the back support of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the integrity of the tunnel lining structure.

[0292] The foregoing description of the present invention is for illustrative purposes only, and those skilled in the art will understand that other specific forms can be easily modified without altering the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments described above should be understood as illustrative in all respects and not restrictive. For example, each component described as a single unit may be implemented in a distributed manner, and components described as distributed may likewise be implemented in a combined form.

[0293] The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims set forth below rather than by the detailed description above, and all modifications or variations derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and equivalent concepts thereof should be interpreted as being included within the scope of the present invention. Explanation of the symbols

[0294] 100: Precast lining segment 100a: One-sided precast lining segment 100b: Other side precast lining segment 110: Top (Precast Lining Segment) 120: Bottom (Precast Lining Segment) 130: Water-expanding index material 200: Anchor fastener 210: Anchor member 220: Fastening member 300: Position-adjustable connector 310: L-shaped connector 311: Horizontal section 312: Vertical section 320: Adjustable connector 321: Horizontal section 322: Vertical section 323: Side connection plate 330: Fastener 331, 332: 1st and 2nd fasteners 410: Waterproof sheet 420: Foundation work A: Tunnel A1: Excavation surface A2: Ceiling A3: Foundation connection part A4: Extension connection space A5: Back space G: Filler material h: through hole (long hole)

Claims

Claim 1 In a precast lining segment (100) equipped with a position-adjustable connecting device in which two precast lining segments (100a, 100b) are assembled and installed between the ceiling portion (A2) of a tunnel (A) and two foundation works (420), the position-adjustable connecting device (300) is configured such that the vertical portion (322) of a position-adjustable connecting member (320) installed on the bottom surface of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) is connected to the vertical portion (312) of an L-shaped connecting member (310) installed on the upper surface of both foundation works (420) using a fastener (330), wherein the position-adjustable connecting member (320) comprises a horizontal portion (321) fixed to the bottom surface of the lower portion (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b); A precast lining segment having a position-adjustable connecting device comprising: a vertical section (322) formed by bending downward from the horizontal section (321) and connected to the vertical section (312) of the L-shaped connector (310) by a fastener (330); and a side connecting plate (323) formed on one side of the horizontal section (321) or the vertical section (322) to connect the adjacent lower sections (120) of the two precast lining segments (100a, 100b). Claim 2 In claim 1, the two precast lining segments (100a, 100b) are formed such that the cross-sectional thickness of the upper portion (110) placed in the ceiling portion (A2) of the tunnel (A) and the lower portion (120) placed in the foundation connection portions (A3) on both sides of the tunnel (A) are each expanded, and in the ceiling portion (A2), the expanded upper portions (110) of the two precast lining segments (100a, 100b) are connected to each other by an anchor fastener (200), and in the foundation connection portions (A3), the expanded lower portions (120) of the two precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the foundation hole (420) are connected to each other by a position-adjustable connecting device (300), thereby having a precast lining segment equipped with a position-adjustable connecting device. Claim 3 In claim 1, the position-adjustable connecting device (300) is configured such that by adjusting the fastening position of the fastener (330) in the up-and-down direction, the coupling height of the vertical portion (322) of the position-adjustable connecting device (320) is adjusted, and accordingly, the lower portion (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) is connected to the foundation hole (420) in a height-adjustable state. Claim 4 In claim 1, the L-shaped connector (310) comprises a horizontal portion (311) that is seated and fixed on the upper surface of the foundation hole (420); and a vertical part (312) formed by being bent upward from the horizontal part (311) and connected to the vertical part (322) of the position-adjustable connector (320) by a fastener (330); wherein a through hole (h) in the shape of an elongated hole through which the fastener (330) passes is formed in the horizontal part (311), and the through hole (h) in the shape of an elongated hole is extended along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel (A) so that the L-shaped connector (310) is fixed in a state where the fastening position is adjusted relative to the foundation hole (420) in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel (A), and the vertical part (312) is fastened to the vertical part (322) of the position-adjustable connector (320), thereby transmitting the load acting on the lower end (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) to the foundation hole (420), and the longitudinal direction of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) A precast lining segment equipped with a position-adjustable connecting device formed to maintain a linearly adjusted state. Claim 5 A precast lining segment having a position-adjustable connecting device, wherein, in the vertical portion (322) of the position-adjustable connecting member (320), a through hole (h) in the shape of an elongated hole through which the fastening member (330) passes is formed, and the through hole (h) in the shape of an elongated hole is extended in the vertical direction so that the position-adjustable connecting member (320) is fixed in a state in which the fastening position is adjusted in the vertical direction relative to the L-shaped connecting member (310). Claim 6 In claim 5, the side connecting plate (323) of the position-adjustable connector (320) is connected to the side connecting plate (323) of an adjacent position-adjustable connector (320) by a fastener (330), thereby forming a position-adjustable connecting device that maintains the horizontal spacing of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) in an adjusted state. Claim 7 A method for constructing a tunnel lining using a precast lining segment (100) equipped with a position-adjustable connecting device (300) according to claim 1, comprising: (a) placing two precast lining segments (100a, 100b) equipped with the position-adjustable connecting device (300) inside a tunnel (A); (b) fixing the lower ends (120) of the two precast lining segments (100a, 100b) in a position-adjustable state relative to a foundation hole (420) using the position-adjustable connecting device (300); and (c) connecting the upper ends (110) of the two precast lining segments (100a, 100b) to each other using an anchor fastener (200). and (d) a step of filling a back space (A5) formed between the outer surface of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) and the excavation surface or shotcrete surface of the tunnel (A) with a filling material (G); a tunnel lining construction method using a precast lining segment equipped with a position-adjustable connecting device. Claim 8 In claim 7, the above step (b) comprises the step of fixing the L-shaped connector (310) of the position-adjustable connecting device (300) in a state where the fastening position is adjusted in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel (A) with respect to the foundation hole (420), thereby adjusting the lower ends (120) of both precast lining segments (100a, 100b) to correspond to the longitudinal alignment of the tunnel (A), thereby forming a tunnel lining construction method using a precast lining segment equipped with a position-adjustable connecting device. Claim 9 In claim 7, the above step (b) comprises connecting the L-shaped connector (310) and the position-adjustable connector (320) of the position-adjustable connecting device (300) by means of a fastener (330), and by adjusting the fastening height of the fastener (330), the lower ends (120) of the two precast lining segments (100a, 100b) are fixed in a position adjusted in the vertical direction relative to the foundation (420). This describes a tunnel lining construction method using a precast lining segment equipped with a position-adjustable connecting device. Claim 10 delete

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