Thermal protective aerogel with ceramic-polymer bilayer structure, preparation method therefor, and use thereof

Abstract

Disclosed are a preparation method for a thermal protective aerogel with a ceramic-polymer bilayer structure and a use thereof. The aerogel comprises a Kevlar nanofiber aerogel and a zirconium silicate nanofiber sponge. The zirconium silicate nanofiber sponge at the bottom of the material exerts a flame-retardant effect, resisting ultra-high-temperature flames and simultaneously shielding most of the heat to prevent excessive carbonization of the Kevlar nanofiber aerogel on top. A dense fiber cross-linked network formed at the upper interface of the sponge with the Kevlar nanofiber aerogel endows the two phases with a tight bonding force and excellent mechanical synergistic effect. The thermal protective aerogel with a ceramic-polymer bilayer structure prepared by the present invention features low density, low thermal conductivity, high flame retardancy, and high strength, overcomes the defect that high strength, light weight, and excellent thermal protection are difficult to be synergistically achieved for thermal protective aerogels, and thus provides a new idea for the preparation of high-strength thermal protective aerogels.