VERTEBRAL SUPPORT SYSTEM USING A TRANSPEDICULAR SCREW WITH ADAPTIVE STRUCTURAL CONFIGURATIONS

Abstract

The invention relates to a vertebral fixation system using a transpedicular screw with adaptive structural configurations, comprising a bone anchoring element with a helical fixation rib, an internal longitudinal channel, and lateral fenestrated windows; a spherical proximal portion with interference reliefs and peripheral grooving; and an external coupling component with a spherical receiving cavity, longitudinal channel, locking means, frangible zones, and cavities for surgical manipulation. This system allows for variable configurations of threaded tip and direct mechanical coupling with spinal rods. In a second embodiment, the external component is replaced by a perforated rod with internal teeth and an interlocking clip that locks the modified screw head. In a third embodiment, a spherical rod is incorporated that fits into a through-cavity of the head and is locked by a superior clip.In a fourth modality, a rod with an insertion terminal is used, interference-coupled to an axial extrusion of the screw head by means of a low-profile locking clamp. The system is designed for open or percutaneous applications, allowing controlled intraoperative adjustments, precise joints, and a compact structural integration that promotes surgical efficiency without compromising the stability of the assembly.