LOW FREQUENCY FILTERING RADIANT ELEMENT AND BASE STATION ANTENNA
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- MX · MX
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- WUHAN HONGXIN TELECOMM TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2023-11-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-19
AI Technical Summary
In the existing high- and low-frequency integration solutions, the size of the low-frequency radiating unit is large, which leads to the problem of deterioration of high-frequency indicators in multi-frequency antennas. Moreover, the existing array methods have fixed or flexible performance but poor indicators, making it difficult to meet the impact of high frequencies. Small, high-performance requirements.
Design a low-frequency filter radiation unit, which uses four pairs of dipoles distributed on the substrate. The dipoles are polarized and orthogonally distributed. It is equipped with a feed unit and a filter branch. The filter branch is used to reduce the impact of low-frequency radiation on the high-frequency oscillator. By adding filter elements and inductor branches in the radiating arms, multiple filter branch groups are formed to reduce high-frequency interference. The distance between this unit and the high-frequency oscillator is 0.7~0.9λ, forming a base station antenna.
It achieves improved integration and array flexibility of low-frequency radiating units in a limited space, significantly improves the performance and applicability of radiating units, reduces high-frequency interference, and meets the layout requirements of multi-band oscillators.
Smart Images
Figure MX433896B0
Abstract
Description
Low-frequency filtering radiation unit and base station antenna
[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0002] This disclosure claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 2022112168258, filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on September 30, 2022, and entitled “Low-frequency filtering radiation unit and base station antenna”, and the entire contents of the Chinese patent application disclosure are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field
[0003] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of communication equipment, and in particular to a low-frequency filtering radiation unit and a base station antenna. Background Art
[0004] The radiating element is the main component of the antenna. It can transmit and receive electromagnetic waves in a directionally controlled manner, thereby achieving wireless communication. The dual-polarized radiating element can achieve polarization diversity and can operate in a duplex mode, greatly reducing the number of antennas and the space occupied. At present, the integration of multi-frequency antennas in the industry is becoming increasingly higher. In a limited space, a variety of oscillators with different frequency bands must be arranged. The existing high- and low-frequency fusion solutions include low-frequency bowl-shaped nesting and cross-cross oscillators. The low-frequency bowl-shaped nesting solution has excellent performance but a fixed array method, while the cross-cross oscillator solution has flexible array formation but poor indicators. Therefore, designing a low-frequency radiating element with a simple structure, excellent performance, and little impact on high frequencies is an urgent problem that technicians in this field need to solve.
[0005] Summary of the Invention
[0006] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a low-frequency filtering radiation unit is provided, comprising:
[0007] a substrate, the substrate comprising a first mounting surface and a second mounting surface that are oppositely disposed; and
[0008] The low-frequency radiation unit includes four pairs of dipoles centrally and symmetrically distributed on the substrate. The four pairs of dipoles are orthogonally polarized to form two groups of radiation units with ±45° polarization. Each pair of dipoles includes two radiation arms respectively arranged on the first mounting surface and the second mounting surface, and the two radiation arms are mirror-imaged.
[0009] According to a low-frequency filtering radiation unit provided by the present disclosure, a feeding unit is further provided on the first mounting surface and the second mounting surface respectively, and the feeding unit includes four baluns distributed orthogonally, each balun is connected to a corresponding radiation arm, and the two baluns on the same extension line in each feeding unit are cascaded at the center position of the substrate.
[0010] According to a low-frequency filtering radiation unit provided by the present disclosure, each balun is provided with at least one filtering branch, and the filtering branch is used to reduce the influence of the low-frequency radiation unit on the high-frequency oscillator.
[0011] According to a low-frequency filtering radiation unit provided by the present disclosure, each filtering branch forms a plurality of filtering branch groups, and each filtering branch group is sequentially spaced apart along the length direction of the corresponding balun, and the two filtering branches of each filtering branch group are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the corresponding balun spaced apart in the length direction.
[0012] According to a low-frequency filtering radiation unit provided by the present disclosure, each filtering branch is linear, curved or L-shaped.
[0013] According to a low-frequency filtering radiation unit provided by the present disclosure, each radiation arm includes a plurality of filtering components and an inductor branch connecting the filtering components.
[0014] According to a low-frequency filtering radiation unit provided in the present disclosure, the low-frequency filtering radiation unit also includes a support base, the support base includes a base and two feeding substrates arranged on the base, the two feeding substrates are orthogonally distributed and correspondingly connected to the feeding unit on the second mounting surface.
[0015] According to a low-frequency filtering radiation unit provided by the present disclosure, a feeding circuit is provided inside each balun, and each feeding circuit is used to feed the corresponding radiation arm through a coaxial line and / or a feeder pad.
[0016] The present disclosure also provides a base station antenna, comprising:
[0017] base;
[0018] A high-frequency radiation unit includes a plurality of high-frequency vibrators arranged on a base; and
[0019] The low-frequency filtering radiation unit is arranged at intervals between the high-frequency oscillators, and the low-frequency filtering radiation unit is any of the low-frequency filtering radiation units described above.
[0020] According to a base station antenna provided by the present disclosure, the spacing between the high-frequency oscillators is 0.7 to 0.9λ. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present disclosure, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.
[0022] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a low-frequency filtering radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0023] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the substrate in FIG1 ;
[0024] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the substrate in FIG1 ;
[0025] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0026] Figure numerals: 10: base station antenna; 100: low-frequency filtering radiation unit; 110: substrate; 111: first mounting surface; 112: second mounting surface; 120: low-frequency radiation unit; 121: dipole; 122: radiation arm; 123: filter element; 124: inductor branch; 130: feeding unit; 131: balun; 132: filtering branch; 140: supporting base; 141: feeding substrate; 142: base; 200: base; 300: high-frequency radiation unit; 310: high-frequency oscillator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present disclosure more clear, the technical solutions of the present disclosure will be clearly described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
[0028] In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present disclosure. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0029] In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections; and direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0030] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.
[0031] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the presently disclosed embodiments. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples, unless they are mutually inconsistent.
[0032] The low-frequency filtering radiation unit 100 and the base station antenna 10 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 .
[0033] In existing multi-frequency fusion antennas, low-frequency radiating units are larger in size than high-frequency units, and thus deterioration of high-frequency indicators is always a problem in multi-frequency fusion systems. In view of this, the present disclosure provides a low-frequency filtering radiating unit 100, comprising: a substrate 110, the substrate 110 comprising a first mounting surface 111 and a second mounting surface 112 that are oppositely arranged; and a low-frequency radiating unit 120, comprising four pairs of dipoles 121 centrally and symmetrically distributed on the substrate 110, the four pairs of dipoles 121 being orthogonally polarized to form two groups of radiating units with ±45° polarization, each pair of dipoles 121 comprising two radiating arms 122 respectively arranged on the first mounting surface 111 and the second mounting surface 112, the two radiating arms 122 being mirror-imaged.
[0034] The low-frequency filtering radiation unit 100 is a unit that constitutes the basic structure of the antenna and can effectively radiate or receive radio waves. The material used to make the low-frequency filtering radiation unit 100 can be set according to actual needs, such as being made of a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) or a metal die-cast plate. Accordingly, the substrate 110 is a PCB or a metal die-cast plate. The dielectric thickness and dielectric constant of the substrate 110 can be set according to actual needs, such as setting the dielectric thickness of the substrate 110 to between 0.2 mm and 3 mm and the dielectric constant to between 2 and 10.
[0035] The low-frequency filtering radiation unit 100 provided by the present disclosure has two groups of radiation units with ±45° polarization. The radiation unit composed of two dipoles 121 has not only better unit radiation performance but also more stable array performance compared to the ordinary single dipole 121 cross antenna; and compared with the bowl-shaped oscillator, the low-frequency filtering radiation unit 100 provided by the present disclosure has high integration, small installation area, more flexible array, and can significantly improve the applicability of the radiation unit.
[0036] Alternatively, a feeding unit 130 is further provided on the first mounting surface 111 and the second mounting surface 112, respectively. The feeding unit 130 includes four baluns 131 distributed orthogonally, each balun 131 is connected to a corresponding radiation arm 122, and the two baluns 131 on the same extension line in each feeding unit 130 are cascaded at the center position of the substrate 110, so that the two dipoles 121 on the same extension line form a radiation unit with ±45° polarization. Furthermore, at least one filter branch 132 is provided on each balun 131, and the filter branch 132 is used to reduce the influence of the low-frequency radiation unit 120 on the high-frequency oscillator. It should be noted that the number and shape of the filter branches 132 can be set according to actual needs, such as setting one or more filter branches 132 of different shapes, different lengths and different widths. The filter branches 132 can be straight, curved or L-shaped, and this embodiment does not specifically limit this. Alternatively, in this embodiment, the filter branches 132 form a plurality of filter branch groups, and each filter branch group is spaced in sequence along the length direction of the corresponding balun 131. The two filter branches 132 of each filter branch group are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the corresponding balun 131 spaced in the length direction, and the filter branches 132 are L-shaped.
[0037] In the prior art, the decoupling between the oscillators of different frequency bands is mainly achieved by adding isolation strips, barriers, devices or PCB boards and other filtering means between the oscillators of different frequency bands in the form of circuits in the feed network part, so as to reduce the coupling between the oscillators of different frequency bands as much as possible. However, this method not only requires adding a large number of filtering devices between the oscillators, which takes up a lot of space, but also results in a small space occupied by each oscillator on the antenna, affecting the overall layout of each oscillator on the antenna, making it difficult for the antenna to meet the number of frequency bands, or the effect of eliminating interference is difficult to meet the expected requirements. Therefore, in the technical solution provided by the present disclosure, each radiating arm 122 includes a plurality of filtering elements 123 and an inductive branch 124 connecting each filtering element 123. By adding a filtering element 123 inside the radiating arm 122 to achieve a filtering effect, the radiating arm 122 itself has a certain filtering effect on the interference of other frequency bands, avoiding changing the arrangement of the radiating arm 122 on the antenna and occupying additional space of the antenna.
[0038] It should be noted that the number and shape of the filter elements 123 in each radiating arm 122 can be set according to actual needs, such as providing one or more filter elements 123 of different shapes, lengths, and widths, and connecting the filter elements 123 with inductor branches 124. This embodiment does not specifically limit this. In this embodiment, the radiating arm 122 is configured as a rectangle, the filter elements 123 are correspondingly configured as rectangles, and the inductor branches 124 are configured as long strips for connecting the filter elements 123.
[0039] Furthermore, the low-frequency filtering radiating unit 100 also includes a support base 140, which includes a base 142 and two feed substrates 141 disposed on the base 142. The two feed substrates 141 are orthogonally distributed and correspondingly connected to the feed unit 130 on the second mounting surface 112, and are used to feed the balun 131. The feed substrates 141 are PCBs or metal die-cast plates, which are not limited in this disclosure. Alternatively, the balun 131 is internally provided with a feed circuit, which is used to feed the corresponding radiating arm 122 via a coaxial line and / or feed line pads.
[0040] Based on the aforementioned low-frequency filter radiating unit 100, the present disclosure further provides a base station antenna 10, comprising: a base 200; a high-frequency radiating unit 300, comprising a plurality of high-frequency radiators 310 disposed on the base 200; and low-frequency filter radiating units 100 spaced apart between the high-frequency radiators 310. The spacing between the high-frequency radiators 310 is 0.7 to 0.9λ. Since the primary improvement of the present disclosure lies in the low-frequency filter radiating unit 100, the detailed structure of the base station antenna 10 will not be described in detail.
[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure, rather than to limit them. Although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present disclosure.
Claims
1. A low-frequency filtering radiation unit, comprising: a substrate, the substrate comprising a first mounting surface and a second mounting surface arranged opposite to each other; as well as, The low-frequency radiating unit includes four pairs of dipoles centrally and symmetrically distributed on the substrate, wherein the four pairs of dipoles are orthogonally polarized to form two groups of radiating units with ±45° polarization, and each pair of dipoles includes two radiating arms respectively arranged on the first mounting surface and the second mounting surface, and the two radiating arms are arranged in a mirror image.
2. The low-frequency filtering radiation unit according to claim 1, wherein: A feeding unit is further provided on the first mounting surface and the second mounting surface respectively. The feeding unit includes four baluns distributed orthogonally, each of the baluns is connected to a corresponding radiation arm, and two of the baluns on the same extension line in each feeding unit are cascaded at the center position of the substrate.
3. The low-frequency filtering radiation unit according to claim 2, wherein: Each of the baluns is provided with at least one filtering branch.
4. The low-frequency filtering radiation unit according to claim 3, wherein: Each of the filter branches forms a plurality of filter branch groups, and each of the filter branch groups is spaced in sequence along the length direction of the corresponding balun. The two filter branches of each filter branch group are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the corresponding balun spaced in the length direction.
5. The low-frequency filtering radiation unit according to claim 4, wherein: Each of the filtering branches is in a straight line, a curve or an L shape.
6. The low-frequency filtering radiation unit according to claim 2, wherein: Each of the radiation arms includes a plurality of filter components and an inductor branch connecting the filter components.
7. The low-frequency filtering radiation unit according to claim 2, wherein: The low-frequency filtering radiation unit further includes a support base, which includes a base and two feeding substrates arranged on the base. The two feeding substrates are orthogonally distributed and correspondingly connected to the feeding unit on the second mounting surface.
8. The low-frequency filtering radiation unit according to claim 2, wherein: A feeding circuit is provided inside each of the baluns, and each of the feeding circuits is used to feed the corresponding radiating arm through a coaxial line and / or a feeder pad.
9. A base station antenna, comprising: base; A high-frequency radiation unit, comprising a plurality of high-frequency vibrators arranged on the base; as well as, A low-frequency filtering radiation unit is arranged between the high-frequency oscillators, and the low-frequency filtering radiation unit is the low-frequency filtering radiation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The base station antenna according to claim 9, wherein: The interval between the high-frequency oscillators is 0.7 to 0.9λ.