FIBERGLASS BONDING AGENT FOR NATURAL LIGHTING PANEL AND METHOD OF PREPARATION AND USE THEREOF

Abstract

This disclosure relates to a fiberglass bonding agent for a daylighting panel. The bonding agent comprises effective components and water. The bonding agent has a solids content of 2 to 8%. The percentage by mass of solids of each of the effective components in a solid mass of the bonding agent is as follows: a silane coupling agent: 3 to 15%; a film-forming agent: 68 to 93%; a lubricant: 0.5 to 10%; an antistatic agent: 1 to 12%; and a pH regulator: 0 to 5%. This disclosure further relates to a method of preparing the fiberglass bonding agent for a daylighting panel and to the use of the bonding agent in fiberglass and composite materials applications.Compared to the prior art, fiberglass products produced using the bonding agent described herein have suitable stiffness and impregnation rate, and the bonding agent has an excellent refractive index, similar to that of the resin matrix. Fiberglass coated with the bonding agent can improve the light transmittance of daylighting panels and the strength and service life of composite materials.

Description

FIBERGLASS BONDING AGENT FOR NATURAL LIGHTING PANEL AND METHOD OF PREPARATION AND USE THEREOF This disclosure claims priority from Chinese patent application n.e202110834791.8, filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration (CNIPA) on July 23, 2021, entitled “FIBERGLASS BONDING AGENT FOR DAYLIGHTING PANEL AND METHOD OF PREPARATION AND USE THEREOF”, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD This disclosure relates to the technical field of fiberglass bonding agents and, in particular, to a fiberglass bonding agent for a daylighting panel and a method of preparing and using the same. BACKGROUND Fiberglass-reinforced polyester daylighting panels offer advantages such as high light transmittance, high impact resistance, light weight (only half that of glass), excellent corrosion resistance, exceptional aging resistance, and the necessary energy conservation and environmental protection. Fiberglass-reinforced polyester daylighting panels are widely used for roof lighting in buildings. With the development of green and smart agriculture, daylighting panels are also widely used in the construction of greenhouses for three-dimensional cultivation, scientific research seedlings, eco-friendly restaurants, leisure venues, and vegetable gardens. Fiberglass bonding agents can effectively modify the surface properties and defects of fiberglass. Special bonding agents are designed for different products to give fiberglass the necessary technical properties, such as dispersibility, impregnation, stiffness, cutability, and light transmittance, thus determining the performance of fiberglass products, such as uniformity of appearance, mechanical strength, and service life.Currently, the fiberglass bonding agent for a daylighting panel presents the following problems: The fiberglass roving produced has a stiffness of 130 mm with excellent dispersibility, but the impregnation rate exceeds 15 seconds, and therefore the daylighting panels produced have poor impregnation performance, as well as many white fibers, resulting in 80% less light transmittance of the produced panel; on the other hand, some fiberglass rovings have a stiffness of less than 115 mm and an impregnation rate of less than 8 seconds, but the dispersibility is very poor, and the daylighting panel produced has uneven dispersion of the glass fibers, leading to large fluctuations in the mechanical strength of the fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION This disclosure is intended to provide a fiberglass bonding agent for a daylighting panel. Through the optimized design of a bonding agent formula, the resulting fiberglass not only have a refractive index similar to that of the resin matrix, but also maintain adequate stiffness and impregnation rate, improving the light transmittance of the daylighting panel and the strength and lifespan of the composite materials. To achieve the above objective, this disclosure is carried out through the following technical solutions. Pursuant to the first aspect of this disclosure, a fiberglass bonding agent for a daylighting panel is provided. The bonding agent includes effective components and water, and may have a solids content of 2 to 8%. The effective components include a silane coupling agent, a film-forming agent, a lubricant, an antistatic agent, and a pH regulator, and the solid mass percentage of each of the effective components in a solid mass of the bonding agent may be as follows: Silane coupling agent 3 to 15%, film-forming agent 68 to 93%, lubricant 0.5 to 10%, antistatic agent 1 to 12%, pH regulator 0 to 5%. The silane coupling agent includes a prime coupling agent of silane and a second silane coupling agent. The first silane coupling agent is a benzylaminosilane coupling agent. The second silane coupling agent is a methacryloxysilane coupling agent. The first silane coupling agent and the second silane coupling agent have a mass ratio of 1:15 to 2:3. Preferably, the percentage of the solid mass of each of the effective components in the solid mass of the bonding agent may be as follows: silane coupling agent 3 to 15% film forming agent 72 to 92% lubricant 0.5 to 10% antistatic agent 1 to 12% pH regulator 0 to 5%. Preferably, the benzylaminosilane coupling agent may be one or more selected from the group consisting of Y-benzyl-Y-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and Y-vinylbenzyl-Y-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane. The methacryloxysilane coupling agent may be one or more selected from the group consisting of γ-methacryloxyaminopropyltriethoxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane. Preferably, the film-forming agent may include an epoxy emulsion and an epoxy-ester emulsion. The epoxy emulsion and the epoxy-ester emulsion may have a solid mass ratio of 1:12 to 2:1. Preferably, the lubricant may be one or more selected from the group consisting of coconut oil fatty acid amide, polyoxyethylene fatty acid amide, tetraethylene amylamine stearic acid condensate, lauryl diethanolamide, and dodecyl triethanolamine ammonium sulfate. Preferably, the antistatic agent may be one or more selected from the group consisting of a dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride antistatic agent, a dodecylethanolamine ammonium sulfonate antistatic agent, an octadecyl dimethyl hydroxyethyl nitrate antistatic agent, a cetyltrimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate antistatic agent, a dodecyltrimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate antistatic agent, and an aliphatic polyoxyethylene ethyl ammonium sulfate antistatic agent. Preferably, the pH regulator can be one or more selected from the group consisting of acetic acid, citric acid, sorbic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, phosphoric acid, and sulfuric acid. Preferably, the sizing agent may have a solids content of 2.5 to 6%. The percentage of the solid mass of each of the effective components in the solid mass of the sizing agent may be as follows: silane coupling agent 5 to 10%, film-forming agent 73 to 92%, lubricant 0.5 to 5%, antistatic agent 2 to 8%, pH regulator 0 to 3%. Pursuant to a second aspect of this disclosure, a method for preparing the fiberglass bonding agent for a daylighting panel is provided, which includes: Pre-disperse the silane coupling agent: add an appropriate amount of water to a first container, adjust the pH to 3.0 to 4.0 with an appropriate amount of pH regulator, add the first silane coupling agent while stirring to disperse for 20 to 25 min, and add the second silane coupling agent and stir to disperse for 15 to 20 min; Dissolve the lubricant beforehand: add water with a mass of 10 to 30 times the lubricant and pH regulator with a mass of 0.5 to 1.0 times the lubricant to a second container, and add the lubricant and stir to dissolve it; Dissolve the antistatic agent beforehand: Add the antistatic agent to a third container, and dissolve and dilute the antistatic agent with hot water at a ratio of 15 to 20 times the amount of the antistatic agent; Pre-dissolve the film-forming agent: add the film-forming agent to a fourth container, and dissolve the film-forming agent with water at a mass of 1 to 2 times the film-forming agent; and prepare the sizing agent: add water at a mass of 0.2 to 0.3 times the total mass of the sizing agent to a preparation kettle, and add the dispersed and dissolved silane coupling agent, the film-forming agent, the lubricant, and the anti-static agent in sequence; and add balance water as a supplement and stir to achieve uniform dispersion. More specifically, the method for preparing the fiberglass bonding agent for a daylighting panel includes: Pre-disperse the silane coupling agent: add water with a mass of 15 to 45 times the total mass of the two silane coupling agents to a first container, add the pH regulator to adjust the pH to 3.0 to 4.0, add the first silane coupling agent while stirring and stir at 50-150 rpm for 20 to 25 min, slowly add the second silane coupling agent by dropper while stirring and, once the addition of the second silane coupling agent is complete, stir for an additional 15 to 20 min; Dissolve and pre-dilute the lubricant: add the lubricant to a second container, add water at 90-95 °C with a mass of 10 to 30 times the lubricant, and add the pH regulator with a mass of 0.5 to 1.0 times the lubricant and stir to dissolve; Dissolve and dilute the antistatic agent beforehand: Add the antistatic agent to a third container, and add water at 85-95 °C with a mass of 15 to 20 times the antistatic agent to dissolve and dilute the antistatic agent; Dissolve and pre-dilute the film-forming agent: Add the film-forming agent to a quarter container, and add water with a mass of 1 to 2 times the film-forming agent to dissolve and dilute the film-forming agent; and prepare the sizing agent: Add water with a mass of 0.2 to 0.3 times the total mass of the sizing agent to a preparation kettle, and add the dispersed silane coupling agent, and the dissolved and diluted film-forming agent, the lubricant and the antistatic agent in sequence; and add balance water as a supplement and stir for 15 to 20 minutes. Pursuant to a third aspect of this disclosure, a fiberglass product produced by coating with the bonding agent is provided, specifically a fiberglass fabric produced. Pursuant to a fourth aspect of this disclosure, the use of the fiberglass product in a field of manufacturing daylighting panels is provided. DETAILED DESCRIPTION To clarify the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this disclosure, the technical solutions are clearly and comprehensively described below with reference to the examples provided. The examples described herein are not all, but some, of the examples provided. All other examples obtained by practitioners in the field based on the examples in this disclosure, without creative effort, should fall within the scope of protection of this disclosure. It should be noted that, without conflict, the examples in this disclosure and the characteristics of the examples may be combined. The following is an example of the preferred value range for each component included in the fiberglass bonding agent for a daylighting panel in accordance with this disclosure. Preferred example I A fiberglass bonding agent for a daylighting panel used in this disclosure includes effective components and water. The bonding agent has a solids content of 2 to 8%. The effective components include 3 to 15% of a silane coupling agent, 68 to 93% of a film-forming agent, 0.5 to 10.0% of a lubricant, 1 to 12% of an antistatic agent, and 0 to 5.0% of a pH regulator. The silane coupling agent uses a composition of a benzylaminosilane coupling agent and a methacryloxysilane coupling agent. The benzylaminosilane coupling agent and the methacryloxysilane coupling agent have a MA / a / ZUZZ / UI UD4 I mass ratio of 1:15 to 2:3. The film-forming agent is a mixture of an epoxy emulsion and an epoxy-ester emulsion. The epoxy emulsion and the epoxy-ester emulsion have a solid mass ratio of 1:12 to 2:1. Preferred Example II A fiberglass bonding agent for a daylighting panel used in this disclosure includes effective components and water. The bonding agent has a solids content of 2 to 8%. The effective components include 3 to 15% of a silane coupling agent, 72 to 92% of a film-forming agent, 0.5 to 10% of a lubricant, 1 to 12% of an antistatic agent, and 0 to 5% of a pH regulator. The silane coupling agent uses a composition of a benzylaminosilane coupling agent and a methacryloxysilane coupling agent. The benzylaminosilane coupling agent and the methacryloxysilane coupling agent have a mass ratio of 1:10 to 1:2. The film-forming agent is a mixture of an epoxy emulsion and an epoxy-ester emulsion. The epoxy emulsion and the epoxy-ester emulsion have a solid mass ratio of 1:12 to 2:1. Preferred Example III A fiberglass bonding agent for a daylighting panel used in this disclosure includes effective components and water. The bonding agent has a solids content of 2.5 to 6%. The effective components include 5 to 10% of a silane coupling agent, 73 to 92% of a film-forming agent, 0.5 to 5.0% of a lubricant, 2 to 8% of an anti-static agent, and 0 to 3% of a pH regulator. The silane coupling agent uses a composition of a benzylaminosilane coupling agent and a methacryloxysilane coupling agent. The benzylaminosilane coupling agent and the methacryloxysilane coupling agent have a mass ratio of 1:10 to 1:2. The film-forming agent is a mixture of an epoxy emulsion and an epoxy-ester emulsion. The epoxy emulsion and the epoxy-ester emulsion have a mass ratio of 1:10 to 1:1. The epoxy emulsion is one or more selected from the group consisting of a bisphenol A-type epoxy emulsion, a bisphenol F-type epoxy emulsion, a bisphenol AD-type epoxy emulsion, a bisphenol S-type epoxy emulsion, a polyphenol-type epoxy emulsion, and an aliphatic glycidyl ether epoxy emulsion. The epoxy-ester emulsion is one or more selected from the group consisting of a bisphenol A-type acrylate epoxy emulsion, a bisphenol A-type isocyanate epoxy emulsion, a bisphenol A-type linoleate epoxy emulsion, and a MA / a / ZUZZ / Ul UD4 I epoxy maleate emulsion of bisphenol A type. Preferred Example IV A fiberglass bonding agent for a daylighting panel used in this disclosure includes effective components and water. The bonding agent has a solids content of 2 to 8%. The effective components include 3 to 15% of a silane coupling agent, 68 to 93% of a film-forming agent, 0.5 to 10.0% of a lubricant, 1 to 12% of an antistatic agent, and 0 to 5.0% of a pH regulator. The silane coupling agent uses a composition of a benzylaminosilane coupling agent and a methacryloxysilane coupling agent. The benzylaminosilane coupling agent and the methacryloxysilane coupling agent have a mass ratio of 1:15 to 2:3. The film-forming agent is a mixture of an epoxy emulsion and an epoxy-ester emulsion. The epoxy emulsion and the epoxy-ester emulsion have a solid mass ratio of 1:12 to 2:1. The epoxy emulsion is one or more selected from the group consisting of a bisphenol A-type epoxy emulsion, a bisphenol F-type epoxy emulsion, a bisphenol AD-type epoxy emulsion, a bisphenol S-type epoxy emulsion, a polyphenol-type epoxy emulsion, and an aliphatic glycidyl ether epoxy emulsion. The epoxy-ester emulsion is one or more selected from the group consisting of a bisphenol A-type acrylate epoxy emulsion, a bisphenol A-type isocyanate epoxy emulsion, a bisphenol A-type linoleate epoxy emulsion, and a bisphenol A-type maleate epoxy emulsion. The lubricant is one or more selected from the group consisting of coconut oil fatty acid amide, tetraethylene amylamine stearic acid condensate, polyoxyethylene fatty acid amide, dodecyl triethanolamine ammonium sulfate, and lauryl diethanolamide. The antistatic agent is one or more selected from the group consisting of dodecyltrimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecylethanolamine ammonium sulfonate, octadecyl dimethyl nitrate, cetyltrimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, dodecyltrimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate, and polyoxyethylene amine ethyl ammonia. The pH regulator is one or more selected from the group consisting of acetic acid, citric acid, sorbic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, phosphoric acid, and sulfuric acid. The water is deionized water. The methods for preparing preferred examples I to IV include the following steps. The silane coupling agent is pre-dispersed: water is added to a first container with a mass of 30 times the mass of the benzylaminosilane coupling agent and the methacryloxysilane coupling agent. The pH regulator is added to adjust the pH to 3.0–4.0. The benzylaminosilane coupling agent is added under stirring conditions and stirred at 50–150 rpm for 20–25 minutes. The methacryloxysilane coupling agent is added slowly dropwise, stirring during addition, and after addition is complete, stirred for another 15–20 minutes. The lubricant is pre-dissolved and diluted: the lubricant is added to a second container, water at 90-95 °C with a mass of 10 to 30 times the lubricant, and the pH regulator is added with a mass of 0.5 to 1.0 times the lubricant and stirred to dissolve. The antistatic agent is pre-dissolved and diluted: the antistatic agent is added to a third container, and water with a mass of 15 to 20 times the antistatic agent is added at 85-95 °C to dissolve and dilute the antistatic agent. The film-forming agent is pre-dissolved and diluted: the epoxy emulsion is added to a fourth container, and water is added at a rate of 1 to 2 times the mass of the epoxy emulsion to dissolve and dilute it. The epoxy-ester emulsion is added to a fifth container, and water is added at a rate of 1 to 2 times the mass of the epoxy-ester emulsion to dissolve and dilute it. The bonding agent is prepared as follows: water at a mass of 0.2 to 0.3 times the mass of the bonding agent is added to a mixing kettle, and a mixed solution of the dispersed benzylaminosilane coupling agent and the methacryloxysilane coupling agent is added. The diluted epoxy emulsion, the epoxy-ester emulsion, the lubricant, and the antistatic agent are then added successively. Finally, water is added as needed, and the mixture is stirred for 10 to 15 minutes. The function and content of the effective components in the fiberglass bonding agent for a daylighting panel in accordance with this disclosure are described as follows. In this disclosure, the silane coupling agent can change the bonding state at the interface between glass fibers and the resin matrix, significantly improving the strength and aging resistance of composite materials. The silane coupling agent described herein is a combination of benzylaminosilane and methacryloxysilane coupling agents. The combination of these two silane coupling agents enhances the mechanical properties of composite materials. Furthermore, the refractive index of the coupling agent is similar to that of glass, improving light transmittance. The benzylaminosilane and methacryloxysilane coupling agents are present in a mass ratio of 1:15 to 2:3, preferably 1:10 to 1:2.The solid mass of the silane coupling agent represents 3 to 15%, preferably 5 to 10%, of the solid mass of the bonding agent. Too high a proportion of silane coupling agent increases the cost, and too low a proportion affects the mechanical properties of the composite materials. The benzylaminosilane coupling agent is one or more selected from the group consisting of Y-benzyl-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and Y-vinylbenzyl-Y-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane. The methacryloxysilane coupling agent is one or more selected from the group consisting of γ-methacryloxyaminopropyltriethoxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, and methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane. The film-forming agent is a major component of the fiberglass bonding agent described herein. It protects the fiberglass and improves its truncation, integrity, and compatibility with the resin matrix, significantly impacting the continuous production and subsequent application of the fiberglass. Too low a film-forming agent results in poor integrity and dispersibility. Too high a film-forming agent results in stiff fiberglass strands, slow impregnation rates, and increased fuzz. In this disclosure, the solid mass of the film-forming agent comprises 68 to 93%, preferably 72 to 92%, and most preferably 73 to 92%, of the solid mass of the bonding agent. Preferably, the film-forming agent is a blend of epoxy emulsion and epoxy-ester emulsion.The ratio of epoxy emulsion to epoxy-ester emulsion determines the impregnation rate of the fiberglass bonding agent and the stiffness of the fiberglass, and plays a decisive role in the light transmittance performance of the daylighting panel. Epoxy emulsion is an emulsion made of epoxy resin dissolved in water, while epoxy-ester emulsion is an emulsion made of epoxy-ester dissolved in water. If the proportion of epoxy resin is too high, the integrity is excellent, but the stiffness is excessive, affecting the impregnation rate. If the proportion of epoxy-ester is too high, the integrity is poorer, affecting dispersibility. In this disclosure, the epoxy emulsion and epoxy-ester emulsion have a solid mass ratio of 1:12 to 2:1. Preferably, the epoxy emulsion and epoxy-ester emulsion have a solid mass ratio of 1:10 to 1:1. Preferably, the epoxy emulsion is a bisphenol A (BPA) type epoxy emulsion. The epoxy resin has a molecular weight of 1,100 to 7,200, and an epoxy emulsion made from this type of resin can improve the integrity and dispersibility of the glass fibers. The epoxy emulsion has a particle size of 0.1 to 2.0 microns. The epoxy resin has a solubility index in acetone greater than 85%. The epoxy resin has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 6 to 45 °C. The epoxy resin has an epoxy equivalent of 550 to 3,600 g / eq. The epoxy emulsion has a pH of 2.0 to 7.0. The epoxy emulsion has a viscosity of 150 to 3,000 mPa·s. Preferably, the epoxy-ester emulsion is a bisphenol A-type epoxy-ester emulsion. The epoxy-ester is one or more selected from the group consisting of epoxy acrylate, epoxy isocyanate, epoxy linoleate, and epoxy maleate. More preferably, the epoxy-ester is one or more selected from the group consisting of bisphenol A-type epoxy acrylate, bisphenol A-type epoxy isocyanate, bisphenol A-type epoxy linoleate, and bisphenol A-type epoxy maleate. The epoxy-ester emulsion has a particle size of 0.2 to 1.0 microns. The epoxy-ester has an epoxy equivalent of 500 to 2,200 g / eq. The epoxy-ester is readily soluble in styrene and has a 100% solubility in acetone. The epoxy resin has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 6 to 28 °C. Compared to other emulsions, the refractive index of bisphenol A epoxy emulsion and bisphenol A epoxy-ester emulsion is similar to that of resin matrix and glass, which can effectively improve the light transmittance of the natural lighting panel. The lubricant used in this disclosure serves primarily to ensure the lubricating effect of the glass fibers during fiber drawing, subsequent processing, and use. If the lubricant content is too low, the lubricating effect cannot be achieved. If the lubricant content is too high, the formation of the bonding agent film on the surface of the glass fibers is impaired, ultimately affecting the impregnation and compatibility of the glass fibers within the reinforced resin matrix.The lubricant described herein is preferably one or more of the following selected from the group consisting of coconut oil fatty acid amide, tetraethylene amylamine stearic acid condensate, polyoxyethylene fatty acid amide, dodecyl triethanolamine ammonium sulfate, and lauryl diethanolamide. These lubricants offer the advantages of excellent lubricity and reduced influence on light transmission. The solid mass of the lubricant represents 0.5 to 10% of the solid mass of the sizing agent. Preferably, the solid mass of the lubricant represents 0.5 to 5% of the solid mass of the sizing agent. More preferably, the solid mass of the lubricant represents 1 to 4% of the solid mass of the sizing agent. The antistatic agent described herein is compatible with other components of the bonding agent. The antistatic agent is preferably an organic antistatic agent. The organic antistatic agent is one or more of the following selected from the group consisting of dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride antistatic agent, dodecylethanolamine ammonium sulfonate antistatic agent, octadecyl dimethylhydroxyethyl nitrate antistatic agent, cetyltrimethyl methylammonium antistatic agent, dodecyltrimethyl methylammonium antistatic agent, and polyoxyethylene ethylammonium amine antistatic agent. The pH regulator described herein is used to adjust the pH of the sizing agent so that the sizing agent can be properly coated onto the surface of the glass fibers. The pH regulator is preferably one or more acids selected from the group consisting of acetic acid, citric acid, sorbic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, phosphoric acid, and sulfuric acid. The fiberglass fibers produced by the fiberglass bonding agent for a daylighting panel described herein have the characteristics of moderate impregnation speed and good compatibility with the resin matrix. The resulting daylighting panel exhibits high light transmittance, high mechanical strength, and good weather resistance. The impregnation speed of the coated fiberglass fibers is between 8 and 12 seconds, the stiffness is between 115 and 125 mm, the flexural strength of the daylighting panel exceeds 120 MPa, and the light transmittance of the daylighting panel exceeds 80%. The refractive index of the bonding agent described herein, after film formation, is between 1.55 and 1.57, which is essentially the same as the refractive index of the glass fibers and the reinforced resin matrix, effectively improving the light transmittance of the composite materials. The resulting fiberglass fabric has a stiffness of approximately 120 mm, an impregnation time of 8 to 10 seconds, and an acetone dissolution rate of up to 90%. The resulting daylight panel has fewer white fibers and a light transmittance exceeding 80%. The fiberglass bonding agent formulas for a daylighting panel from Examples 1 to 18 of this disclosure are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Fiberglass bonding formulas for the daylighting panel Component (%) Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Benzylaminosilane coupling agent γ-Benzyl-γ-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane 0.46 0 1.58 0.62 1 3 γ-Vinylbenzyl-γ-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane 0 0.46 0 0 0 0 Methacryloxysilane coupling agent γ-Methacryloxyammopropyltriethoxysilane 0 0 8.05 9.3 0 0 γ-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane 4.6 4.6 0 0 2 4.5 Methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane 0 0 0 0 3 0 Epoxy emulsion Bisphenol A type epoxy emulsion 8.91 8.91 0 0 0 11 52 Epoxy type Bisphenol F 0 0 7.06 0 0 0 Bisphenol AD ​​type epoxy emulsion 0 0 0 44.24 0 0 Bisphenol S type epoxy emulsion 0 0 0 0 11.52 0 Epoxy ester emulsion Bisphenol A type epoxy acrylate emulsion 78 39 0 0 0 74.68 73 68 Bisphenol A type epoxy isocyanate emulsion 0 78.29 0 0 0 0 Bisphenol A type epoxy linoleate emulsion 0 0 76.1 0 0 0 Bisphenol A type epoxy maleate emulsion 0 0 0 36.74 0 0 Lubricant Coconut oil fatty amino acid 0 2.12 0 0 0 0 Tetraethylene-amylamine stearic acid condensate 2.12 0 0 0 0 3.5 Polyoxyethylene fatty acid amide 0 0 3.15 0 0 Dodecyl triethanolamine ammonium sulfate 0 0 0 3.58 0 0 Lauryl diethanolamide 0 0 0 0 4.5 0 Antistatic agent Dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride 0 5.42 0 0 0 0 Dodecylethanolamine ammonium sulfonate 0 0 3.88 0 0 0 Octyl dimethyl hydroxyethyl nitrate 0 0 0 4.52 0 0 Cetyltrimethylammonium methyl sulfate 0 0 0 0 2.3 0 Dodecyltrimethylammonium sulfate 0 0 0 0 0 2.7 Polyoxyethylene aliphatic amine ethyl ammonium sulfate 5.42 0 0 0 0 0 pH regulator Acetic acid 0 0.2 0 1 1 1 Citric acid 0.1 0 0.18 0 0 0 1 Solid content 3.5 3.4 4.2 4.5 4.5 4.8. Table 1 (continued) Fiberglass bonding formulas for daylighting panel Component (%) Example 7 Example 8 Example 9 Example 10 Example 11 Example 12 Benzylaminosilane coupling agent Y-Benzyl-Y-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane 2.4 2.4 2.5 3 3.5 3.5 Y-Vinylbenzyl-Y-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane 0 0 0 0 0 0 Methacryloxysilane coupling agent γ-Methacryloxyaminopropyltriethoxysilane 0 0 5.5 5 0 0 γ-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane 7.4 7.4 0 0 0 0 Methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane 0 0 0 0 5.2 5.3 Epoxy emulsion Bisphenol A type epoxy emulsion 41.1 0 39.5 39.5 15.3 17.3 Bisphenol F type epoxy emulsion 0 41.1 0 0 0 0 Bisphenol AD ​​type epoxy emulsion 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bisphenol S type epoxy emulsion 0 0 0 0 0 0 Epoxy ester emulsion Bisphenol A type epoxy acrylate emulsion 41.1 0 424 42.4 62.4 0 Bisphenol A type epoxy isocyanate emulsion 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bisphenol A type epoxy linoleate emulsion 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bisphenol A type epoxy maleate emulsion 0 41 1 0 0 0 60.3 Lubricant Coconut oil fatty acid amide 0 0 0.6 0 0 0 Tetraethylene-amylamine stearic acid condensate 4.5 0 0 0 0 0 Polyoxyethylene fatty acid amide 0 4.5 0 0 3.8 3.8 Dodecyl triethanolamine ammonium sulfate 0 0 0 0.6 0 0 Lauryl diethanolamide 0 0 0 0 0 0 Antistatic agent Dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride 0 2 8 0 0 0 0 Dodecylethanolamine ammonium sulfonate 2.8 0 0 8 0 0 Octyldimethylhydroxyethyl nitrate 0 0 8 0 0 0 Cetyltrimethylammonium methyl sulfate 0 0 0 0 0 0 Dodecyltrimethylammonium sulfate 0 0 0 0 0 0 Polyoxyethylene aliphatic amine ethylammonium sulfate 0 0 0 0 9 9 pH regulator Acetic acid 0 0 0 0 0 0 Citric acid 0.7 0.7 1.5 1.5 0.8 0.8 Solid content 5 5 5 2 5.2 4.1 4.1 Table 1 (continued) Fiberglass bonding formulas for daylighting panel Component (%) Example 13 Example 14 Example 15 Example 16 Example 17 Example 18 Benzylaminosilane coupling agent Y-Benzyl-Y-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane 0 0 1.5 0 2.5 2.5 Y-Vinylbenzyl-Y-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane 2.4 24 0 1.8 0 0 Methacryloxysilane coupling agent γ-Methacryloxyaminopropyltriethoxysilane 0 0 3 2.7 0 0 Y-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane 5 5 0 0 7.5 7.5 Methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane 0 0 0 0 0 0 Epoxy emulsion Bisphenol A type epoxy emulsion 42 0 50 50 60.1 60.1 Epoxy emulsion of bisphenol type F 0 42 0 0 0 0 Bisphenol type epoxy emulsion AD 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bisphenol type epoxy emulsion S 0 0 0 0 0 0 Epoxy ester emulsion Bisphenol A type epoxy acrylate emulsion 42 0 35 35 15.1 0 Bisphenol A type epoxy isocyanate emulsion 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bisphenol A type epoxy linoleate emulsion 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bisphenol A type epoxy maleate emulsion 0 42 0 0 0 15.1 Lubricant Coconut oil fatty amino acid 0 0 06 0 0 0 Tetraethylene-amylamine stearic acid condensate 4.5 0 0 0 0 0 Polyoxyethylene fatty acid amide 0 4.5 0 0 5 5 Dodecyl triethanolamine ammonium sulfate 0 0 0 06 0 0 Lauryl diethanolamide 0 0 0 0 0 0 Agent Antistatic Dodecylmethylammonium chloride 0 3.4 0 0 0 0 Dodecylethanolamine ammonium sulfonate 3.4 0 0 8.4 0 0 Octyldimethylhydroxyethyl nitrate 0 0 84 0 0 0 Cetyltrimethylammonium methyl sulfate 0 0 0 0 0 0 Dodecyltrimethylammonium sulfate 0 0 0 0 0 0 Polyoxyethylene aliphatic amine ethyl ammonium sulfate 0 0 0 0 9 9 pH regulator Acetic acid 0 0 0 0 0 0 Citric acid 0.7 0.7 1.5 1.5 0.8 0.8 Solid content 3.4 3.4 5.2 5.2 5.8 5.8 The methods of preparation for examples 1 to 18 were as follows. The silane coupling agent was pre-dispersed: In a first container, water was added to a volume 30 times the mass of the benzylaminosilane coupling agent and the methacryloxysilane coupling agent. A pH regulator was added to adjust the pH to 3.0–4.0. The benzylaminosilane coupling agent was added under stirring conditions and stirred at 50–150 rpm for 20–25 minutes. The methacryloxysilane coupling agent was added slowly dropwise, stirring during addition, and after addition was complete, stirring continued for a further 15–20 minutes. The lubricant was dissolved and pre-diluted: the lubricant was added to a second container, water at 90-95 °C was added with a mass of 10 to 30 times the lubricant, and acetic acid was added with a mass of 0.5 to 1.0 times the lubricant and stirred for dissolution. The antistatic agent was previously dissolved and diluted: the antistatic agent was added to a third container, and water with a mass of 15- to 20 times the antistatic agent was added at 85-95 °C to dissolve and dilute the antistatic agent. The film-forming agent was pre-dissolved and diluted: the epoxy emulsion was added to a fourth container, and water was added at a rate of 1 to 2 times the mass of the epoxy emulsion to dissolve and dilute it. The epoxy-ester emulsion was added to a fifth container, and water was added at a rate of 1 to 2 times the mass of the epoxy-ester emulsion to dissolve and dilute it. The bonding agent was prepared by adding water to a mixing kettle at a rate of 0.2 to 0.3 times the mass of the bonding agent, and then adding a pre-dispersed solution of the benzylaminosilane coupling agent and the methacryloxysilane coupling agent. Next, the pre-dissolved and diluted epoxy emulsion, the epoxy-ester emulsion, the lubricant, and the antistatic agent were added sequentially. Finally, water was added to the final balance, and the mixture was stirred for 10 to 15 minutes. To better illustrate the beneficial effects of this disclosure, three commonly used fiberglass bonding agents are selected as comparative examples (Comparative Examples 1 to 3). The formulas for Comparative Examples 1 to 3 are shown in Table 2. Unit 4 I Table 2 Formula for comparative examples 1 to 3 Component Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Coupling Agent A 0.40 0.40 0.40 Coupling Agent B 0.20 / 0.20 Lubricant A 0.30 0.30 0.30 Lubricant B 0.10 0.03 0.10 Inorganic Antistatic Agent 0.20 0.20 0.20 Organic Antistatic Agent 0.20 0.20 0.20 Film-Forming Agent A 3.00 / 3.00 Film-Forming Agent B 7.00 / / Film-Forming Agent C / 7.00 5.00 pH Regulator 0.30 0.03 0.30 Solids Content (%) 4.8 4.5 4.2 Coupling agent A is γ-methacryloxyaminopropyltriethoxysilane, model A-174. Coupling agent B is cationic benzylaminosilane, model 1161. Lubricant A is a fatty acid amide, model 88710. Lubricant B is PEG400MS. The organic antistatic agent is ammonium methyl sulfate, model DSM AO5620. The inorganic antistatic agent is LINO3. Film-forming agent A is a polyvinyl acetate emulsion, model N33. Film-forming agent B is an epoxy emulsion, model TX-209. Film-forming agent C is an unsaturated polyester emulsion, model JS-111. The pH regulator is acetic acid. In the examples in this disclosure and in the comparative examples, a 3600-hole platinum die is used for fiber extraction. Each bundle of fibers comprises 100 monofilaments, and a monofilament has a diameter of approximately 12 microns. The drying process uses hot air drying carried out over a period of 12 hours. The linear density of the final product is 2400 tex. Table 3 shows the performance test results for fiberglass products produced with the bonding agents from Examples 1 to 18 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3. To ensure comparability of the test results, the fuel content of the fiberglass prepared in the examples and comparative examples was ensured during sample preparation. This means that the percentage of solid mass of the bonding agent coated on the fiberglass surface relative to the fiberglass mass was essentially the same in both the examples and the comparative examples. Furthermore, the fiberglass prepared in the examples and comparative examples was ensured to have the same type of polyester resin and to be exposed to the same temperature requirements for both wet and daylight panel samples, in order to compare the properties of the fiberglass. Table 3 Performance test results of glass fibers produced by coating with bonding agents in the examples and comparative examples Test Item Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Example 7 Example 8 Example 9 Example 10 Fuel content (%) GB / T9914.2 2013 0.51 0.50 0.55 0.35 0.41 0.50 0.55 0.61 0.55 0 61 Impregnation rate (sec.) GB / T 17470 8 9 8 13 8 9 8 13 8 13 Acetone dissolution index (%) GB / T 26734 89.2 85 6 87.3 88.2 89.6 89.7 87.3 86.3 87.3 89.5 Stiffness (mm) GB / T7690.4 120 121 125 128 120 121 125 128 125 128 Light transmittance (%) GB / T5433 84.7 80.3 80.2 83.1 84.7 81.3 80.6 80.8 84.6 83.1 Tensile strength (MPa) GBT 1447 90.5 91.2 95 92.1 91.5 92.1 95 96.3 95 97.4 Flexural strength (MPa) GBT1449-2005 125 126.3 135 128.3 125.4 126.2 129 130.3 135 136.3 Glass fiber content (%) GB T2577-2005 21.1 21.3 20.9 20.8 21.1 21.3 20.9 20.8 20.9 20.8 Table 3 (continued) Performance test results of glass fibers produced by coating with bonding agents in the examples and comparative examples Test Item Example 11 Example 12 Example 13 Example 14 Example 15 Example 16 Example 17 Example 18 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Fuel Content (%) GB / T99 14.22013 0.55 0.61 0.55 0.61 0.55 0.61 0.68 0.71 0.67 0.65 0.66 Impregnation Rate (sec.) GB / T17470 8 13 8 10 8 13 13 14 18 5 21 Acetone Dissolution Index (%) GB / T26734 88.3 90.1 87.3 86 87.3 88 5 87.3 87.2 82.5 81.2 82 1 Stiffness (mm) GB / T7690.4 125 128 125 128 125 128 127 128 134 102 137 Light transmittance (%) GB / T 5433 80.6 83 1 806 80.1 80.6 83 1 81 6 82 1 76.8 78.4 71.3 Tensile strength (MPa) GBT1447 6 92 1 0 91.1 91 92 1 3 92 1 85.6 81 7 87.9 Flexural strength (MPa) GBT 1449-2005 135 128.3 121 122 3 123 122 3 125 128 3 118 108 117 Fiberglass content (%) GBT 2577-2005 20.9 20.8 20.9 20.8 20.9 208 20.9 20 8 20.1 19.8 20.4 Observations: Solid mass of the bonding agent coated on the surface with glass fibers Mass of glass fibers x 100% Fuel content = Based on the test results in Table 3, it can be observed that the fiberglass fabric produced by coating with the sizing agent described herein has a stiffness of 120 to 128 mm, a relatively moderate impregnation rate of 8 to 14 s, and an acetone dissolution rate exceeding 85%, which can even reach 90%. The resulting daylight panel has fewer white fibers, a light transmittance exceeding 80%, and produces less lint during production and use. The fiberglass produced by coating with the sizing agent in the comparative examples exhibit low light transmittance and impregnation rates that are either too high or too low, making it unsuitable for actual production needs.Therefore, compared to the prior art, the present disclosure has the advantages of adequate stiffness and impregnation speed, high light transmittance of the daylighting panel, high strength and long service life of the composite materials. It should be noted that the dosage of each effective component in this disclosure is expressed as a percentage of the effective component's solid mass in the bonding agent's solid mass. In this disclosure, the four steps of pre-dispersing the silane coupling agent, pre-dissolving the lubricant, pre-dissolving the antistatic agent, and pre-dissolving the film-forming agent are not limited to a fixed order, and the four steps may be performed simultaneously or in any order. Terms such as "first container," "second container," "third container," "fourth container," etc., are for the sake of clarity in this disclosure and do not constitute a limitation thereof. It should be noted that the terms “including,” “comprising,” or any other variant thereof are intended to encompass a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or device that includes a set of elements not only includes those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to that process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element limited by a statement such as “including a…” does not preclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device that includes the element. The preceding examples are used solely to illustrate the technical solutions in this disclosure and are not intended to limit it. Although this disclosure is described in detail with reference to the preceding examples, those skilled in the art should understand that they may modify the technical solutions described in the examples or make equivalent substitutions for some of their technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions in the examples in this disclosure. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the fiberglass bonding agent for a daylighting panel provided in this disclosure, through the optimized design of a bonding agent formula, the produced glass fibers exhibit a moderate impregnation rate and good compatibility with the resin matrix. The resulting daylighting panel has high light transmittance, high mechanical strength, and excellent weather resistance. The produced glass fibers not only have a refractive index similar to that of the resin matrix but also maintain adequate stiffness and impregnation rate, improving the light transmission of the daylighting panel and enhancing the strength and lifespan of the composite materials.

Claims

1. A fiberglass bonding agent for a daylighting panel, wherein the bonding agent comprises effective components and water, and has a solid content of 2 to 8%; and the effective components comprise a silane coupling agent, a film-forming agent, a lubricant, an antistatic agent, and a pH regulator, and the percentage of solid mass of each of the effective components in a solid mass of the bonding agent is as follows: silane coupling agent 3 to 15%, film-forming agent 68 to 93%, lubricant 0.5 to 10% antistatic agent, 1 to 12% pH regulator, 0 to 5%; and the silane coupling agent comprises a first silane coupling agent and a second silane coupling agent, the first silane coupling agent being a benzylaminosilane coupling agent, the second silane coupling agent being a methacryloxysilane coupling agent, and the first silane coupling agent and the second silane coupling agent having a mass ratio of 1:15 to 2:

3.

2. The bonding agent according to claim 1, wherein the percentage of the solid mass of each of the effective components in the solid mass of the bonding agent is as follows: silane coupling agent 3 to 15%, film forming agent 72 to 92%, lubricant 0.5 to 10%, antistatic agent 1 to 12%, pH regulator 0 to 5%.

3. The bonding agent according to claim 1, wherein the bonding agent has a solid content of 2.5 to 6%; and the percentage of the solid mass of each of the effective components in the solid mass of the bonding agent is as follows: silane coupling agent 5 to 10%, film forming agent 73 to 92%, lubricant 0.5 to 5%, pH regulator 0 to 3%, antistatic agent 2 to 8%.

4. The sizing agent according to claim 1, wherein the benzylaminosilane coupling agent is one or more selected from the group consisting of Y-benzyl-Y-aminoethyl-S-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and Y-vinylbenzyl-Y-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane.

5. The bonding agent according to claim 1, wherein the methacryloxysilane coupling agent is one or more selected from the group consisting of γ-methacryloxyaminopropyltriethoxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane.

6. The bonding agent according to claim 1, wherein the film-forming agent comprises an epoxy emulsion and an epoxy-ester emulsion; and the epoxy emulsion and the epoxy-ester emulsion have a solid mass ratio of 1:12 to 2:

1.

7. The bonding agent according to claim 6, wherein the epoxy emulsion is one or more selected from the group consisting of a bisphenol A type epoxy emulsion, a bisphenol F type epoxy emulsion, a bisphenol AD ​​type epoxy emulsion, a bisphenol S type epoxy emulsion, a polyphenol type epoxy emulsion, and an aliphatic glycidyl ether epoxy emulsion.

8. The bonding agent according to claim 6, wherein the epoxy-ester emulsion is a bisphenol A type epoxy-ester emulsion.

9. The bonding agent according to claim 6, wherein the epoxy-ester emulsion is one or more selected from the group consisting of a bisphenol A type epoxy acrylate emulsion, a bisphenol A type epoxy isocyanate emulsion, a bisphenol A type epoxy linoleate emulsion, and a bisphenol A type epoxy maleate emulsion.

10. The bonding agent according to claim 1, wherein the lubricant is one or more selected from the group consisting of coconut oil fatty acid amide, polyoxyethylene fatty acid amide, tetraethylene amylamine stearic acid condensate, lauryl diethanolamide, and dodecyl triethanolamine ammonium sulfate.

11. The bonding agent according to claim 1, wherein the anti-adhesive agent is one or more selected from the group consisting of a dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride anti-adhesive agent, an ammonium dodecylethanolamine sulfonate anti-adhesive agent, an octadecyl dimethyl hydroxyethyl nitrate anti-adhesive agent, a cetyltrimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate anti-adhesive agent, a dodecyltrimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate anti-adhesive agent, and an aliphatic polyoxyethylene ethyl ammonium sulfate anti-adhesive agent.

12. The sizing agent according to claim 1, wherein the pH regulator is one or more selected from the group consisting of acetic acid, citric acid, sorbic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, phosphoric acid, and sulfuric acid. MA / a / ZUZZ / UI UD4 I 13. A method of preparing the bonding agent according to any of claims 1 to 12, comprising: Pre-dispersing the silane coupling agent: adding a suitable amount of water to a first container, adjusting the pH to 3.0-4.0 with a suitable amount of pH regulator, adding the first silane coupling agent while stirring to disperse for 20 to 25 min, and adding the second silane coupling agent and stirring to disperse for 15 to 20 min; pre-dissolving the lubricant: adding hot water with a mass of 10 to 30 times the lubricant and pH regulator with a mass of 0.5 to 1.Add 0 times the lubricant to a second container, and add the lubricant and stir to dissolve; pre-dissolve the antistatic agent: add the antistatic agent to a third container, and dissolve and dilute the antistatic agent with hot water to a mass of 15 to 20 times the antistatic agent; pre-dissolve the film-forming agent: add the film-forming agent to a fourth container, and dissolve the film-forming agent with water to a mass of 1 to 2 times the film-forming agent; and prepare the sizing agent: add water to a mass of 0.2 to 0.3 times the total mass of the sizing agent to a preparation kettle, and add the dispersed and dissolved silane coupling agent, the film-forming agent, the lubricant, and the antistatic agent in sequence; and add balance water as needed and stir to achieve uniform dispersion.

14. A fiberglass product produced by coating with the bonding agent in accordance with any of claims 1 to 12.

15. Use of the fiberglass product according to claim 14 in a field of manufacturing natural lighting panels.