PLUG-IN APPLIANCE

Abstract

This disclosure describes a plug-in apparatus comprising a wire input connection portion and a wire output connection portion, a fuse is connected between a first end of the wire input connection portion and a first end of the wire output connection portion, a second end of the wire input connection portion is connected to a power wire, and a second end of the wire output connection portion is connected to a load wire, and the second end of the wire output connection portion has at least one connecting branch, each of which serves as a load interface.By means of the plug-in device, as described herein, current enters the fuse through the wire input connection and is diverted from the wire output connection branch after passing through the fuse. This achieves the purpose of reducing the wire diameter and diverting the current while protecting the wire. It allows for increased capacity utilization when the capacity and wiring position of a central power distribution box cannot meet requirements, and enables supplementary design when the overall vehicle load configuration increases. The plug-in device offers the advantages of simple structure, convenient use, and high safety.

Description

PLUG-IN APPLIANCE Related patent application This disclosure claims priority from Chinese Patent Application No. 202011522737.1, entitled "plug-in apparatus", filed on December 21, 2020, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety. Technical field of the invention This disclosure relates to the technical field of automotive electrical connections and, in particular, to a plug-in device. Background With the rise of autonomous driving and whole-vehicle intelligence, the number of electrical devices (loads) in a vehicle is increasing. Each load is typically connected to the electrical system via a central power distribution box (CBD), but the capacity and wiring layout of the CBD are limited. When the capacity and layout of the CBD cannot meet requirements, and given the lengthy and costly development process, developers often resort to using unshielded wires, meaning a single wire is connected directly to a bus bar without a fuse.As a result, the wire often burns out directly because the current exceeds its carrying capacity, posing significant potential safety risks. Therefore, improving the safety of the vehicle's power distribution system, meeting the demands of increasing loads and the overall vehicle development program, while simultaneously reducing development costs has become an urgent technical problem that must be addressed. Brief description of the invention The modalities of this disclosure provide a plug-in device to solve the problem of potential safety hazards in reducing the diameter of existing unprotected wire. The embodiments of the present disclosure propose a plug-in apparatus, which includes a wire input connection portion and a wire output connection portion, a fuse is connected between a first end of the wire input connection portion and a first end of the wire output connection portion, a second end of the wire input connection portion is connected to a power wire, and a second end of the wire output connection portion is connected to a load wire, and the second end of the wire output connection portion has at least one connecting branch, each of which serves as a load interface.The wire's inlet connection portion is connected to the power supply wire, the wire's outlet connection portion is connected to the load wire, the wire's inlet connection portion and the wire's outlet connection portion are connected through the fuse, the current enters the fuse passing through the wire's inlet connection portion, and is diverted from the wire's outlet connection portion after passing through the fuse, thus achieving the purpose of reducing the wire diameter and diverting the wire's current while protecting the wire, making increased use of capacity when the capacity and wiring position of a central power distribution box cannot meet the requirements, and making design supplementation in cooperation when the load configuration of the entire vehicle increases.It offers the advantages of simple structure, convenient use, and high safety, and has a lower cost compared to increasing the capacity of the power distribution box, thus solving the problem of potential safety risks in the existing unprotected wire diameter reduction mode. When there is a branch connection, under fuse protection, the diameter of the load wire can be smaller than that of the supply wire, thus achieving the purpose of wire diameter reduction. According to one aspect of the modalities in this disclosure, at least one connection terminal is also included, to which the second end of the wire input connection portion and / or at least one connection branch is connected, and the connection terminal is connected to an external wire. The connection between the supply wire and the wire input connection portion, and the connection between the load wire and the connection branch, are made through the connection terminal, so that the connections are convenient and orderly to facilitate electrical circuit planning. According to one aspect of the modalities of this disclosure, a pluggable portion is also included, which is provided with at least one pluggable through-hole extending from a first end to a second end thereof; one end of the connecting terminal is connected to the second end of the wire-inlet connecting portion or connecting branch, the other end of the connecting terminal extends into the pluggable through-hole from one end of the pluggable through-hole, and the other end of the pluggable through-hole is connected to the external wire. The connecting terminal extends into the pluggable through-hole, and the power wire could also extend into the pluggable through-hole, to connect to the connecting terminal and then to the wire-inlet connecting portion.Similarly, the charging wire can be extended into the pluggable through-hole to connect to the connection terminal and then to the connecting branch. By arranging the pluggable portion with the pluggable through-hole, it is convenient to connect the charging wire to the entire vehicle circuit, thus avoiding excessive external soldering points and achieving cost savings. Furthermore, there can be multiple pluggable through-holes corresponding one-to-one with multiple connection terminals, making the connection of each terminal convenient and allowing for more flexible wiring arrangement. According to one aspect of the modalities of the present disclosure, a positioning plate is further included, in which at least one connection terminal is arranged to penetrate through it, such that two ends of the connection terminal are located on two sides of the positioning plate, respectively; the wire-in connection portion and the wire-out connection portion are located on a first side of the positioning plate, and one end of the connection terminal located on the first side of the positioning plate is connected to the wire-in connection portion or the wire-out connection portion; the pluggable portion is located on a second side of the positioning plate, and one end of the connection terminal located on the second side of the positioning plate extends into the pluggable through-hole.The connecting terminal penetrates the positioning plate. One end of the connecting terminal connects to the wire input and wire output connections located on one side of the positioning plate, and the other end connects to the pluggable portion located on the other side. The connecting terminal is then positioned by the positioning plate. In this way, multiple connecting terminals are arranged in rows across the positioning plate, ensuring stable relative positions. This facilitates wire connection, makes the connected wires more secure, and simplifies the overall assembly of the multiple connecting terminals. According to one aspect of the modalities of the present disclosure, a positioning plate is further included, wherein at least one connection terminal is arranged and laid flat on one side of the positioning plate from a first end to a second end thereof; the wire-in connection portion and the wire-out connection portion are near the first end of the positioning plate, and one end of the connection terminal near the first end of the positioning plate is connected to the wire-in connection portion or the wire-out connection portion; the pluggable portion is near the second end of the positioning plate, and one end of the connection terminal near a second side of the positioning plate extends into the pluggable through-hole.The connection terminals are placed flat on one side of the positioning board and can be manufactured in the form of a printed circuit board (PCB), which achieves high integration, occupies little space and facilitates wire connection. According to one aspect of the specifications in this disclosure, a housing is also included, in which the positioning plate, the wire input connection portion, and the wire output connection portion are arranged. The plug-in portion is detachably connected to the housing from one side. The positioning plate is arranged within the housing, meaning that the connection terminals are also located within the housing. This arrangement allows the wire input connection portion, wire output connection portion, and connection terminal to be conveniently connected to other devices via the housing, such as being mounted on a vehicle body, while remaining protected, thus ensuring a stable structure and connection relationship.The detachable connection between the plug-in portion and the housing makes it easy to connect and secure the power wire and charging wire with the connection terminals. According to one aspect of the specifications in this disclosure, sockets are provided on the upper portion of the housing at the first end of the wire input connection and the first end of the wire output connection. These sockets are configured to secure the fuse. The fuse extends from the socket inside the housing and connects to the wire input and wire output connection portions, facilitating fuse connection and replacement. The socket also secures the connected fuse, making its position more stable. The socket's location on the top of the housing makes it convenient to observe the fuse's specifications and connection status, as well as to facilitate fuse connection and specification adjustment. According to one aspect of the modalities of this disclosure, an outer wall of the housing is provided with at least one positioning hanger. The arrangement of the positioning hanger facilitates the assembly of the housing, and there may be two positioning hangers located on either side of the housing, respectively, so that the assembly of the housing is more convenient and the position after assembly is more stable. According to one aspect of the modalities of this disclosure, each of the first end of the wire input connection portion and the first end of the wire output connection portion is provided with a connector that is connected to the fuse. The fuse end is connected to the connector to make the connection between the fuse and the wire input connection portion and the wire output connection portion, and the connection is quick and reliable. According to one aspect of the modalities of this disclosure, the wire input connection portion and the wire output connection portion are arranged in at least one pair, and the position between the wire input connection portions and the wire output connection portions of each pair is connected to the fuse. One pair of wire input connection portions and wire output connection portions can be connected to a plurality of loads by means of one fuse, and a plurality of pairs of wire input connection portions and wire output connection portions are multiple fuses, which can be connected to more loads; the grouped connections can be made according to the types and specifications of the loads;Loads of the same type, such as multiple lamps, can be connected to a single pair of the wire inlet and wire outlet connections. Loads with similar specifications, such as loads with similar current ratings, can also be connected to a single pair of the wire inlet and wire outlet connections. This makes load connection and current distribution more efficient, while also facilitating fuse specification matching and more accurate protection. For example, when loads with similar low current ratings are grouped and connected to a single pair of the wire inlet and wire outlet connections, fuses with similar low current ratings can be matched to protect all loads in the group. According to one aspect of the modalities of this disclosure, at least part of the surfaces of the wire inlet connection portion and the wire outlet connection portion are provided with coating layers; a coating layer thickness in an area for connecting the fuse in each wire inlet connection portion and wire outlet connection portion is greater than or equal to that of a coating layer outside the area. According to one aspect of the modalities of this disclosure, a coating layer material is an alloy or combinations of nickel, cadmium, zirconium, chromium, cobalt, manganese, aluminum, tin, titanium, zinc, copper, silver, gold, graphene, and carbon-based compound. According to one aspect of the modalities of this disclosure, a coating layer thickness is from 0.09 pm to 1,500 pm. According to one aspect of the modalities of this disclosure, the fuse is one or more of a hot-melt fuse, a thermistor fuse, a positive temperature coefficient resistance fuse, a memory alloy fuse, a thermal trip electronic fuse, and a current trip electronic fuse. According to one aspect of the modalities of this disclosure, the current-carrying capacity of the power supply wire connected to the second end of the wire input connection portion is greater than or equal to that of the load wire connected to the second end of the wire output connection portion. According to one aspect of the modalities of this disclosure, the power outlet is connected to a cover and at least one sealing member sleeve in the cover, and the sealing member is located between the cover and the housing. Brief description of the drawings To explain more clearly the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure, the drawings used in the description of these embodiments are briefly presented below. Obviously, the drawings used in the following description only illustrate some of the embodiments of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can easily derive other drawings from them. Figure 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of the partial structure of a plug-in device at a certain viewing angle according to a modality of the present disclosure; Figure 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of the partial structure of a plug-in device from another viewing angle according to a modality of the present disclosure; Figure 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of the structure of a connection branch of a plug-in appliance according to a modality of the present disclosure; Figure 4 illustrates an electrical schematic diagram of a plug-in appliance according to one modality of the present disclosure; Figure 5 illustrates a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of a plug-in appliance according to a modality of the present disclosure; RPb / nn / rznz / E / YiAi Figure 6 illustrates a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a plug-in device according to a modality of the present disclosure; Figure 7 illustrates a schematic mounting position diagram of a first sealing member and a second sealing member of a plug-in apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figures 8 to 11 illustrate the characteristic melting time curves of fuses with different rated currents under different melting currents in a plug-in appliance according to a modality of the present disclosure. In the drawings: 100: wire input connection portion; 200: wire outlet connection portion; 300: fuse; 400: power supply wire; 500: charging wire; 600: connection terminal; 700: plug-in portion; 800: positioning plate; 900:case; 101: first connector; 201: second connector; 202: connecting branch; 701: plug-in through hole; 901: plug-in plate; 902: positioning hanger; 903: first sealing member; 904: second sealing member; 905: cover. Detailed description of the invention The modalities of this disclosure are described in more detail below with reference to the drawings and modalities. The following detailed description of the modalities and drawings is used to exemplify the principles of this disclosure and is not intended to limit its scope; that is, this disclosure is not limited to the modalities described. In describing this disclosure, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the terms 'first' and 'second' are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; 'a plurality of' means two or more; the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms 'inside', 'outside', 'top', and 'bottom' are based on those illustrated in the drawings only for the convenience of describing this disclosure and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or items referred to must have a particular orientation, or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and should therefore not be construed as limitations to this disclosure. Please refer to Figures 1 to 4, a plug-in appliance according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a wire input connection portion 100 and a wire output connection portion 200, a fuse 300 is connected between a first end of the wire input connection portion 100 and a first end of the wire output connection portion 200, a second end of the wire input connection portion 100 is connected to a power supply wire 400, and a second end of the wire output connection portion 200 is connected to a load wire 500; and the second end of the wire output connection portion 200 has at least one connection branch 202, each of which is used as a load interface, and a load can be connected to the connection branch 202 through the load wire 500.In this configuration, fuse 300 is connected between the incoming wire connection portion 100 and the outgoing wire connection portion 200. The power supply wire 400 is connected to the incoming wire connection portion 100, and the load is connected to the connection branch 202 of the outgoing wire connection portion 200 via the load wire 500, thus supplying power to the load. The multiple connection branches 202 divert the current to supply power to multiple loads, allowing for a reduction in the diameter of the load wire 500. Fuse 300 protects the load wire 500 connected to the connection branch 202, further reducing the diameter of the protected wire and ensuring safety. Additionally, multiple loads share one fuse, saving on the number of fuses 300 and increasing wiring convenience. The wire diameter of a load cable is generally proportional to its rated current; that is, as the wire diameter increases, the rated current and the current carried also increase. In real-world setups, the required specification of a 300 fuse is calculated based on the load specification to select an appropriate 300 fuse. Then, a 500 load cable with an appropriate wire diameter is matched to the 300 fuse. This ensures that the load, 300 fuse, and 500 load cable are properly matched. This avoids the waste caused by using a 500 load cable with a large wire diameter for a small current, and prevents the 500 load cable from being too small, which could cause it to overheat and break while the 300 fuse is not functioning, thus eliminating potential safety hazards.Of course, a wire diameter for the wire outlet connection portion 200 is also determined, and a wire diameter for the wire inlet connection portion 100 is designed according to the magnitude of the input current. The wire outlet connection portion 200 can be made of one or more materials such as copper, aluminum, magnesium, and beryllium, or other conventional metals or alloys, and can be manufactured in the form of a sheet or column, extend along a straight line, or form a right-angle shape, branching into a plurality of parallel connecting branches 202 at the other end. The wire inlet connection portion 100 can also be made of one or more materials such as copper, aluminum, magnesium, and beryllium, or other conventional metals or alloys.The shape of the wire input connection portion 100 is similar to that of the wire output connection portion 200, except for the fork at the second end. The design principle is to facilitate wire connections, including the power supply wire 400 and the load wire 500, and to facilitate the connection of fuse 300. When two or more branch connections 202 are connected to the load wires 500, the fuse 300 is matched to the load with the smallest rated current among the loads to which the load wire 500 is connected. The required specification of the fuse 300 is calculated using the rated current of the load to which the load wire 500 is to be connected. When there are multiple branch connections 202, i.e., multiple loads are to be connected, the fuse is matched to the load with the smallest rated current among the loads to be connected. In other words, the calculated minimum specification of the fuse 300 is taken as the actual selected specification of the fuse 300, and then the load wire 500, with an appropriate wire diameter, is matched according to the specification of the fuse 300, thus protecting the load wire 500 with the smallest wire diameter and subsequently protecting all the load wires 500.The calculation method and the matching method are state-of-the-art and will not be repeated here. When there is only one connection branch 202, under the protection of fuse 300, the diameter of the load wire 500 can be smaller than that of the power supply wire 400, thus achieving the purpose of reducing the wire diameter. As an optional feature, the plug-in appliance also includes at least one connection terminal 600, which is connected to the second end of the wire-in connection portion 100, and at least one connection branch 202. The connection terminal 600 is connected to an external wire, such as the power supply wire 400 or the load wire 500. The wire diameter of the connection terminal 600 connected to the connection branch 202—that is, the connection terminal 600 downstream of fuse 300—is determined by the specification of fuse 300. For details, see the section on determining the wire diameter of the load wire 500. The wire diameter of the connection terminal 600 connected to the wire-in connection portion 100—that is, the connection terminal 600 upstream of fuse 300—is determined by the power input.The 600 connection terminal can be designed as a universal type according to upstream and downstream conditions, which is convenient for actual wiring and improves flexibility of use. The number of 600 connection terminals can be equal to the sum of the number of incoming wire connection portions (100) and the total number of connection branches (202), or it can be greater than the sum of backups for other connection wiring. The 600 connection terminal can be made of one or more of copper, aluminum, magnesium, or other conventional metals or alloys. As an optional modality, the plug-in apparatus further includes a plug-in portion 700 provided with at least one plug-in through-hole 701 penetrating from a first end to a second end thereof, one end of the connection terminal 600 being connected to the second end of the wire-in connection portion 100 or the connection branch 202, the other end of the connection terminal 600 extending into the plug-in through-hole 701 from one end of the plug-in through-hole 701, and the other end of the plug-in through-hole 701 being connected to an external wire, specifically for securing the power supply wire 400 or the charging wire 500, such that the power supply wire 400 is connected to the second end of the wire-in connection portion 100 and the charging wire 500 is connected to the connection branch 202.The connection between terminal 600 and the second end of the incoming wire portion 100, and the connection between terminal 600 and branch 202, can be achieved by soldering. Similarly, the connection between a crimped terminal wire and either power supply wire 400 or load wire 500 can be achieved by crimping. Taking the connection with load wire 500 as an example, load wire 500 is inserted into plug-in through-hole 701, and terminal 600 crimps load wire 500 into plug-in through-hole 701 to make the connection. This reduces the number of external solder points and increases wiring convenience compared to soldering.All the connection terminals 600 can be arranged in parallel with each other and, correspondingly, all the pluggable through holes 701 are also arranged in parallel with each other, with the distribution like the connection terminals 600. The connection terminals 600 are plugged into the pluggable through holes 701 in a one-to-one correspondence. With regard to the specific arrangement of the 600 connection terminals, the following two forms are taken as examples: 1. A plurality of connection terminals 600 are arranged in rows through a positioning plate 800, and each of the connection terminals 600 penetrates the positioning plate 800 such that two ends of the connection terminal 600 are located on two sides of the positioning plate 800, respectively; the wire input connection portion 100 and the wire output connection portion 200 are located on a first side of the positioning plate 800, and one end of the connection terminal 600 located on the first side of the positioning plate 800 is connected to the wire input connection portion 100 or the wire output connection portion 200;The pluggable portion 700 is located on a second side of the positioning plate 800, and one end of the connection terminal 600 located on the second side of the positioning plate 800 extends into the pluggable through hole 701, which can be understood as the connection terminal 600 being arranged perpendicular to the positioning plate 800, and the connection terminal 600 can be cylindrical, and the positioning plate 800 serves as a positioning structure between the plurality of connection terminals 600 so that the plurality of positioning connection terminals are arranged in rows as required, and also as a connection structure between the plurality of connection terminals 600 as a whole and another element, for example, the plurality of connection terminals 600 are arranged in a housing 900 through the positioning plate 800. 2. A plurality of connection terminals 600 are arranged in rows across a positioning plate 800, and the connection terminals 600 are laid flat on one side of the positioning plate 800 from a first end to a second end thereof; the wire input connection portion 100 and the wire output connection portion 200 are near the first end of the positioning plate 800, and one end of the connection terminal 600 near the first end of the positioning plate 800 is connected to the wire input connection portion 100 or the wire output connection portion 200;The pluggable portion 700 is near the second end of the positioning plate 800, and one end of the connection terminal 600 near a second side of the positioning plate 800 extends into the pluggable through-hole 701, which can be understood as the connection terminals 600 being arranged in parallel on one or both sides of the positioning plate 800. At this time, the connection terminals 600 and the positioning plate 800 can be manufactured on a PCB; as a whole, the connection terminals 600 are correspondingly a leaf shape, and the positioning plate 800 has the functions of positioning between the connection terminals 600 and the connection with other elements;Meanwhile, the 800 positioning plate can be additionally provided with other elements to perform the common functions of the PCB, optionally to serve for wiring, or to be designed according to specific requirements. The 600 connection terminals in the same row can be arranged at equal intervals, and the intervals between the 600 connection terminals in different rows can be the same, so that the 600 connection terminals in different rows can be arranged in a one-to-one alignment to facilitate wiring. During implementation, the different 600 connection terminals can be marked with different colors accordingly, to be distinguished as power terminals or load terminals during wiring. Referring to Figure 5, as an optional arrangement, the positioning plate 800, the wire input connection portion 100, and the wire output connection portion 200 are all arranged in the housing 900. The plug-in portion 700 is detachably connected to the housing 900 from one side, and the first end of the plug-in portion 700 is located in the housing 900. The positioning plate 800 is arranged in the housing 900 such that all the connection terminals 600 are located in the housing 900, and the positioning plate 800 is configured to fit into the housing 900. The first end of the plug-in portion 700 is plugged into the housing 900 from one side to provide a detachable connection, which can specifically be a quick-connect. In addition, power sockets are provided on the upper portion of the housing 900 at positions corresponding to the first end of the wire input connection portion 100 and the first end of the wire output connection portion 200, and the power sockets are configured to secure the fuse 300. Meanwhile, the first end of the wire input connection portion 100 is provided with a first connector 101, the first end of the wire output connection portion 200 is provided with a second connector 201, and the first connector 101 and the second connector 201 are connected to the fuses 300. Each of the first connector 101, the second connector 201 and the connection branch 202 may be made of one or more materials of copper, aluminum, magnesium and beryllium, or other conventional metals or alloys. In this mode, the power socket is located on the top of the 900 housing, and the fuse 300 is connected to the wire input connection portion 100 and the wire output connection portion 200 located inside the 900 housing through the power socket. Taking the conventional MINI fuse (with a rated current of 10A, 15A, 20A, 25A, 30A, etc.), i.e., the 300 fuse illustrated as an example, the pins of the 300 fuse extend into the housing 900 through the socket and are connected to the wire input connection portion 100 and the wire output connection portion 200. Correspondingly, one end of the wire input connection portion 100 is provided with the first connector 101, and one end of the wire output connection portion 200 is provided with the second connector 201.The first connector 101 and the second connector 201 can be ring-shaped and match the pins of fuse 300, facilitating the connection to fuse 300 and simplifying its installation. The socket is shaped to match the fuse 300 and serves to secure it after it is connected to the input wire connection portion 100 and the output wire connection portion 200. The socket can be formed by removing material from the top of housing 900, or it can be integrally formed with housing 900, or it can be formed on a plugboard 901, which is then connected to the top of housing 900. Of course, at this point, the top of housing 900 has an opening for mounting the plugboard 901, and the plugboard 901 is connected accordingly. disassemble it at the opening. Referring to Figure 6, as an optional feature, an outer wall of the housing 900 is provided with at least one positioning hanger 902. For example, two positioning hangers 902 are located on opposite sides of the housing 900. The housing 900 is connected to other elements, such as those assembled into the vehicle body, via the positioning hangers 902. The specific structure is determined by the position and the connected elements, which may be a slotted structure or any other structural form. To ensure the stability of the connection of the housing 900, both sides of the housing 900 may be provided with positioning hangers 902, and these hangers are arranged symmetrically.In conjunction with the above description, the plug-in portion 700 is connected to one end of the housing 900, such as the front end of the housing 900. Fuse 300 is connected to the top of the housing 900, and positioning hooks 902 are located on the left and right sides of the housing 900, making the entire device easy to assemble. Fuse 300 is mounted outside the housing 900 to facilitate heat dissipation. As an optional feature, the wire input connection portion 100 and the wire output connection portion 200 are arranged in at least one pair, and the position between the wire input connection portions 100 and the wire output connection portions 200 of each pair is connected to fuse 300. Each pair of wire input connection portions 100 and wire output connection portions 200 may be called a wiring module, and a plurality of wiring modules are located in housing 900. Loads of the same type may be connected to one wiring module; for example, a plurality of lamps is connected to one wiring module, a plurality of horns is connected to one wiring module, and so on.Loads with similar specifications can also be connected to a single wiring module. For example, lamps and horns with a rated current of 10 A are all connected to one wiring module, making a 300 fuse coupled with a single wiring module more suitable, thus achieving protective function without causing waste. The number of wiring modules and the number of branch circuits within each module can be determined according to the specific type, specification, and number of loads, along with the electrical requirements of the entire vehicle. This allows for flexible load configuration, as illustrated in Figure 4, which can be four-way, i.e., four-way fuses, thus greatly expanding the capacity of a central power distribution box.The intervals between adjacent wiring modules can be the same, and the equal intervals between the connectors of adjacent wiring modules allow equal intervals between matching 300 fuses, and the power sockets on the 901 plugboard are equally spaced, so that the structure is regular and the use is convenient.Each of the pluggable portion 700, positioning plate 800, housing 900, and pluggable plate 901 are made of an insulating material, such as one or more of amide, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, polysulfone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyphenylene ether, polyester, plastic (PPS, DAP, PBT, ABS), phenolic resin, urea formaldehyde, nylon, rubber (TPE, PFE, TPR, EVA), foam (XPE), crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE), ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), perfluoroalkoxy alkane, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, polymethacrylate, polyphenylene sulfide, polystyrene, or polyoxymethylene resin. As an additional solution, at least some of the surfaces of the wire inlet and wire outlet connections are coated. Since these surfaces may be exposed to air and water, and the air may even contain salt in some areas, they are susceptible to oxidation and salt spray corrosion, thus shortening the appliance's lifespan. Therefore, the coating on these surfaces effectively prevents corrosion from air, water, and salt spray, extends the appliance's lifespan, and reduces the likelihood of safety hazards. A coating layer material can be an alloy or combination of nickel, cadmium, zirconium, chromium, cobalt, manganese, aluminum, tin, titanium, zinc, copper, silver, gold, graphene, and carbon-based compounds. To demonstrate the influence of coating layers of different materials on the service life of the plug-in appliance, the appliance's service life was investigated under salt spray conditions, and the results are shown in Table 1 below. 1. Table 1 Coating layer material No coating layer Nickel Cadmium Zirconium Chromium Cobalt Manganese Aluminum Tin Titanium Zinc Copper Silver Gold Graphene Carbonane Plug-in appliance life under salt spray conditions (H) 1936 3756 3762 3698 3526 3463 3777 3454 3567 3845 3589 3752 3869 3956 3924 4257 As can be seen in Table 1, under the condition of salt spray, the service life of a plug-in appliance without a coating layer cannot meet the basic condition of more than 3,000 H, while other plug-in appliances with coating layers meet the requirement of a service life of more than 3,000 H. Furthermore, the thickness of a coating layer in an area for connecting the fuse in each wire input connection portion and the wire output connection portion is greater than or equal to that of a coating layer outside the area, to particularly protect the area for connecting the fuse. The conductive properties (conductivity) of the coating layer in the fuse connection area, specifically on both the incoming and outgoing wire connections, are superior to those of the coating layer outside this area. For example, silver might be applied to the fuse connection area, while tin could be applied to other areas. Alternatively, gold might be applied to the fuse connection area, while zinc might be applied to other areas. The advantage of this is that the contact resistance between the incoming or outgoing wire connection and the fuse can be further reduced, thus extending the lifespan of the plug-in appliance (as shown in Table 2 below). This also results in cost savings and an extended service life for the plug-in appliance. Table 2 Setting Mode: Plug-in device in which the conductive property (conductivity) of the coating layer in the fuse connection area at each of the wire input and wire output connection portions is better than that of the coating layer outside the area. Plug-in device in which the conductive property (conductivity) of the coating layer in the fuse connection area at each of the wire input and wire output connection portions is equal to that of the coating layer outside the area. Average service life (H): 100,000 / 78,000 As can be seen in Table 2, compared to the plug-in appliance in which the conductive property of the coating layer in the fuse connection area is equal to that of the coating layer outside the area, the plug-in appliance in which the conductive property of the coating layer in the fuse connection area is better than that of the coating layer outside the area has a longer service life. As an additional solution, the thickness of the surface coating layer on each of the wire inlet connection portions and the wire outlet connection portions ranges from 0.09 to 1,500 pm. In order to demonstrate the influence of the coating layer thickness on the service life of the plug-in appliance, a nickel coating layer was adopted to investigate the service life of the plug-in appliance under salt spray conditions, and the results are shown below in Table 3: Table 3Coating layers with different thicknesses (pm) 0.001 0.003 0.006 0.009 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.3 1 1.3 1 1 5 10 Service life of the plug-in appliance under salt spray conditions (H) 2036 2124 2264 2326 2474 2684 2841 3284 3342 2326 3422 3468 3527 3549 3642 3676 3706 3728 Contact voltage drop (mv) 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.1 53 53 50 48 48 43 40 Total vehicle electrical failure rate (0.01%) 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.1 19 19 Sixteen 19 1 5 8 Coating layers with different thicknesses (pm) 5 40 40 40 100 100 400 400 100 1000 1100 1000 1000 1100 1000 1000 1100 1800 Plug-in appliance life under salt spray conditions (H) 3641 3587 3516 3486 3422 3587 3495 3427 3368 3342 3422 3587 3495 3276 3259 2913 2754 2655 Contact voltage drop (mv) 39 37 37 37 39 37 37 37 19 23 20 23 23 31 23 37 39 - Total vehicle electrical failure rate (0.01%) 1.3 1 1 0.3 1.3 1 0.8 0.7 0.8 1 5 1 2.5 2.2 2.4 0.3 0.1 10. As shown in Table 3, when the coating layer thickness is less than 0.09 µm, the plug-in appliance's service life cannot meet the basic requirement of more than 3,000 hours. When the coating layer thickness is greater than 1,500 µm, the plug-in appliance's service life still cannot meet the basic requirement of more than 3,000 hours, and in order to obtain a coating layer with a thickness greater than 1,500 µm, material consumption and processing time increase considerably. Therefore, the surface coating layer thickness of each wire input connection portion and wire output connection portion is selected to be between 0.09 and 1,500 µm. Within this coating layer thickness range, the contact voltage drop and the electrical failure rate of the entire vehicle meet the usage requirements. As an additional solution, the fuse can be one or more of the following types: hot-melt fuse, thermistor fuse, positive temperature coefficient (PTC) resistor fuse, memory alloy fuse, electronic thermal trip fuse (in the form of a sensor, controller, or power supply tube), and electronic current trip fuse (in the form of a sensor, controller, or power supply tube). For the melting time of fuses with different current ratings under different melting currents, refer to the following drawings: Figure 8 illustrates a characteristic graph for melting current (A) and melting time (S) when the fuse is a thermistor fuse, and the curves in the graph show the melting time of thermistor fuses with different rated currents under different melting currents; Figure 9 illustrates a characteristic graph for melting current (A) and melting time (S) when the fuse is a PTC fuse, and the curves in the graph show the melting time of PTC fuses with different rated currents under different melting currents; Figure 10 illustrates a characteristic graph for melting current (A) and melting time (S) when the fuse is a hot-melt fuse, and the curves in the graph show the melting time of hot-melt fuses with different rated currents under different melting currents; Figure 11 illustrates a characteristic graph for melting current (A) and melting time (S) when the fuse is a memory alloy fuse, and the curves in the graph show the melting time of memory alloy fuses with different rated currents under different melting currents. Furthermore, the fuse's rated current ranges from 0.5 to 3000 A, and the cross-sectional area can be selected from 0.1 to 30 mm2. The current-carrying capacity of the power supply wire connected to the second end of the input wire connection portion is greater than or equal to that of the load wire connected to the second end of the output wire connection portion. This is beneficial for achieving the purpose of reducing wire diameter and current diversion. For example, the diameter of the power supply wire can be from 0.35 to 50 mm², and the diameter of the load wire can be from 0.13 to 35 mm². Referring to Figure 7, as an additional solution, the socket is connected to a cover 905 and at least one first sealing member sleeve 903 on the cover, with the first sealing member 903 located between the cover 905 and the housing 900; a second sealing member sleeve 904 on the first end of the plug-in portion 700, with the second sealing member 904 located between the plug-in portion 700 and the housing 900. By arranging the first sealing member 903 and the second sealing member 904, the sealing performance of the entire appliance is improved, making the plug-in appliance suitable for humid environments. The cover 905 can be detachably or integrally connected to the socket. For example, after being connected to the power outlet, the 905 cover is fixed by an injection process, so that the 905 cover and the 900 housing are integrally formed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the above are merely specific variations of this disclosure, and the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited to them. Obviously, various modifications and variations to this disclosure may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure. Therefore, if such modifications and variations to this disclosure fall within the scope of the claims of this disclosure and their technical equivalents, this disclosure intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A plug-in apparatus, comprising a wire input connection portion and a wire output connection portion, wherein a fuse is connected between a first end of the wire input connection portion and a first end of the wire output connection portion, a second end of the wire input connection portion is connected to a power supply wire, and a second end of the wire output connection portion is connected to a load wire, and wherein the second end of the wire output connection portion has at least one connecting branch, each of which serves as a load interface.

2. The plug-in apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising at least one connection terminal, to which the second end of the wire input connection portion and / or at least one connection branch is connected, and the connection terminal is connected to an external wire.

3. The plug-in apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a plug-in portion provided with at least one plug-in through-hole penetrating from a first end to a second end thereof; one end of the connection terminal is connected to the second end of the wire-in connection portion or connection branch, the other end of the connection terminal extends into the plug-in through-hole at one end of the plug-in through-hole, and the other end of the plug-in through-hole is connected to the external wire.

4. The plug-in apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a positioning plate, wherein at least one connection terminal is arranged to penetrate through it, such that two ends of the connection terminal are located on two sides of the positioning plate, respectively; the wire-in connection portion and the wire-out connection portion are located on a first side of the positioning plate, and one end of the connection terminal located on the first side of the positioning plate is connected to the wire-in connection portion or the wire-out connection portion; the plug-in portion is located on a second side of the positioning plate, and one end of the connection terminal located on the second side of the positioning plate extends into the plug-in through-hole.

5. The plug-in apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a positioning plate, wherein at least one connection terminal is arranged and laid flat on one side of the positioning plate from a first end to a second end thereof; the wire-in connection portion and the wire-out connection portion are near the first end of the positioning plate, and one end of the connection terminal near the first end of the positioning plate is connected to the wire-in connection portion or the wire-out connection portion; and the plug-in portion is near the second end of the positioning plate, and one end of the connection terminal near a second side of the positioning plate extends into the plug-in through-hole.

6. The plug-in apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising a housing in which the positioning plate, the cable entry connection portion, and the cable exit connection portion are arranged, and the plug-in part is detachably connected to the housing from one side of the housing.

7. The plug-in appliance according to claim 6, wherein power sockets are provided on the top of the housing in positions corresponding to the first end of the wire input connection portion and the first end of the wire output connection portion, and the power sockets are configured to secure the fuse.

8. The plug-in appliance according to claim 6, wherein an outer wall of the housing is provided with at least one positioning hanger.

9. The plug-in apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of the first end of the wire input connection portion and the first end of the wire output connection portion is provided with a connector that is connected to the fuse.

10. The plug-in apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the wire input connection portion and the wire output connection portion are arranged in at least one pair, and the position between the wire input connection portions and the wire output connection portions of each pair is connected to the fuse.

11. The plug-in apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least part of the surfaces of the wire input connection portion and the wire output connection portion are provided with coating layers; the thickness of a coating layer in an area for connecting the fuse in each wire input connection portion and the wire output connection portion is greater than or equal to that of a coating layer outside the area.

12. The plug-in apparatus according to claim 11, wherein a coating layer material is one or an alloy or combinations of nickel, cadmium, zirconium, chromium, cobalt, manganese, aluminum, tin, titanium, zinc, copper, silver, gold, graphene and carbon-based compound.

13. The plug-in apparatus according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the thickness of the coating layer is from 0.09 pm to 1,500 pm.

14. The plug-in apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fuse is one or more of a hot-fused fuse, a thermistor fuse, a positive temperature coefficient resistance fuse, a memory alloy fuse, an electronic thermal trip fuse, and an electronic current trigger fuse.

15. The plug-in apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the current-carrying capacity of the power supply wire connected to the second end of the wire input connection portion is greater than or equal to that of the load wire connected to the second end of the wire output connection portion.

16. The plug-in appliance according to claim 7, wherein the power socket is connected to a cover, at least one sealing member sleeve is wrapped around the cover, and the sealing member is located between the cover and the housing.

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