SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR GRANULATING CARBON BLACK RECOVERED FROM WASTE TIRES.

Abstract

A variation of a method for converting tires into recovered and granulated carbon black includes: splicing a set of tires into a volume of tire rubber segments, wherein the tire set is selected from a group comprising an agricultural tire, a commercial tire, and a passenger tire; thermally depolymerizing the volume of tire rubber segments into a volume of carbonaceous material in a pyrolytic reactor; shredding the volume of carbonaceous material; removing from the volume of carbonaceous material agglomerates larger than the maximum agglomerate diameter; mixing the volume of carbonaceous material with a binding agent during a first interval within a mixer, wherein the mixer induces the formation of a set of granules of a range of granule diameters;Dry the granule assembly inside a dryer to a particular moisture content and remove from the granule assembly a first subset of granules larger than the maximum granule size.

Description

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 748,230, filed on October 19, 2018, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 778,208, filed on December 11, 2018, which are incorporated herein in their entirety by reference. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates generally to a process for recovering carbon black from waste tires, and more specifically to a new and useful method for processing and recycling waste tires, as well as granulating the carbon black recovered from waste rubber materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES FIGURE 1 is a flowchart representation of a method implementation; FIGURE 2 is a schematic representation of an implementation of the method; FIGURE 3 is a flowchart representation of an implementation of the method; FIGURE 4 is a flowchart representation of an implementation of a variation of the method; FIGURE 5 is a flowchart representation of an implementation of the method; FIGURE 6 is a flowchart representation of an implementation of the method; FIGURES 7A and 7B are flowchart representations of an implementation of the method; FIGURE 8 is a flowchart representation of an implementation of the method; Figures 9A, 9B and 9C are schematic representations of an implementation of the method; FIGURE 10 is a flowchart representation of an implementation of the method; FIGURE 11 is a flowchart representation of an implementation of the method; FIGURE 12 is a schematic representation of an implementation of the method; QChbnn / 1 7P7 / B / YILI FIGURE 13 is a flowchart representation of one implementation of the method; and FIGURE 14 is a flowchart representation of an implementation of the method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The following description of embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to these embodiments, but rather to enable a person skilled in the art to carry out and use this invention. The variations, configurations, implementations, implementation examples, and examples described herein are optional and are not exclusive of the variations, configurations, implementations, implementation examples, and examples they describe. The invention described herein may include any and all combinations of these variations, configurations, implementations, implementation examples, and examples. 1. Method As shown in FIGURE 1, a method S100 for converting tires (e.g., residual or waste tires) into recovered granulated carbon black includes: in Block S110, shredding a set of tires 101 selected from a group that includes an agricultural tire, a commercial tire, and a passenger tire into a volume of tire rubber segments 105; in Block S120, thermally depolymerizing in a pyrolytic reactor 120 the volume of tire rubber segments 105 within an inert atmosphere into a set of pyrolytic by-products that include a volume of carbonaceous material 190 that includes agglomerates of carbonaceous aggregates; in Block S130, shredding the volume of carbonaceous material 190 to reduce the diameter of an agglomerate within the volume of carbonaceous material 190 to less than a maximum agglomerate diameter; In Block S140, remove from the volume of carbonaceous material agglomerates 190 larger than the maximum agglomerate diameter;In Block S150, mixing within a mixer 150 the volume of carbonaceous material 190 with a binding agent during a first interval, wherein the mixer 150 induces the formation of a pellet assembly 195 in Block S154; in Block S160, drying the pellet assembly 195 within a dryer 160 to a particular moisture content during a second interval defined by a speed at which the pellet assembly 195 is moved along the length of the dryer 160 and by an operating temperature of the dryer 160; and, in Block S170, removing from the pellet assembly 195 a subset of pellets 195 larger than the maximum pellet size. A variation of method S100 includes: shredding a set of tires 101 selected from a group that includes an agricultural tire, a commercial tire, and a passenger tire into a volume of tire rubber segments 105, a volume of steel wire 106, and aQChbnn / 1 7P7 / B / YILI textile fiber volume 103; in Block S122, thermally depolymerize in a pyrolytic reactor 120 the volume of tire rubber segments 105 within an inert atmosphere into a set of pyrolytic by-products including a volume of carbonaceous material 190, a volume of oil 123 and a volume of gas, wherein the volume of carbonaceous material 190 includes agglomerates of carbonaceous aggregates; in Block S130, crush the volume of carbonaceous material 190 to reduce the diameter of an agglomerate within the volume of carbonaceous material 190 to less than a maximum agglomerate diameter;within a mixer 150: in Block S152, spray the volume of carbonaceous material 190 with a binder and, in Block S154, mix the volume of carbonaceous material 190 in a first interval, wherein the mixer 150 induces the formation of a set of granules 195 of a range of granule diameters, the first interval being defined by a length of the mixer 150 and a supply rate of a retort to which the set of granules is transferred within the mixer 150;In Block S160, drying the pellet assembly 195 within a dryer 160 to a particular moisture content during a second interval defined by a speed at which the pellet assembly 195 is moved along the length of the dryer 160 and the operating temperature of the dryer 160, wherein the speed moves the pellet assembly 195 along the length of the dryer 160, defined by an angle between a plane along the length of the dryer 160 and a horizontal plane; in Block S170, removing from the pellet assembly 195 a first subset of pellets 195 larger than a maximum pellet size; and, in Block S172, removing from the pellet assembly 195 a second subset of pellets 195 smaller than a minimum pellet size. 2. Applications In the United States, approximately 400 million tires are disposed of in landfills each year. Because the availability of recycling processes for these tires is limited, landfills are becoming increasingly crowded. Existing tire recycling processes typically involve extracting and recycling only a small percentage of the recyclable materials available in tires. To facilitate tire recycling and limit the overall waste generated as a result of tire recycling, a System 100 can implement an S100 method to extract and recycle carbonaceous material (i.e., organic material that includes elemental carbon) from tires and / or rubber waste to form recovered carbon black, a recycled material that can be used in applications such as plastic pigmentation, plastics compounding, rubber compounding, and tire manufacturing.Generally, recovered carbon black can serve as a semi-reinforcing filler in rubber applications and as a pigment in mastermix applications in plastics. QChbnn / 1 7P7 / B / YILI The S100 method can be implemented by means of a system 100 which includes a tire shredding system 110, a pyrolytic reactor 120 and a granulation system 199 which includes a mill 130, a mixer 150, a dryer 160 and a granule classifier 170. The S100 method can be implemented to convert tires (e.g., waste tires recycled by an end user or tire distributor and / or waste tires recycled by a manufacturer) into granulated carbonaceous material (i.e., carbon black) for use as a filler, colorant, and / or semi-reinforcing agent in rubber and / or plastics applications. In particular, the S100 method includes shredding a set of 101 tires into segments of tire rubber, steel wire (i.e., used to reinforce the tire) and textile fiber (e.g., nylon) to substantially isolate the tire rubber from other inorganic components of each tire prior to pyrolysis.Next, the volume of tire rubber segments 105 can be fed into an inlet of the pyrolytic reactor 120 to undergo pyrolysis (i.e., thermal decomposition in an inert atmosphere). Typically, the volume of tire rubber segments 105 includes rubber polymers (e.g., natural rubber), various grades of virgin carbon black (e.g., N100, N330, N660, and N762), tire reinforcing agents (e.g., silicon dioxide or silica), zinc oxide, vulcanizing agents (e.g., sulfur), stearic acid, and / or other rubber additives (e.g., dispersing agents and / or curing agents). During pyrolysis, the volume of tire rubber segments 105 depolymerizes to form pyrolytic byproducts, such as pyrolytic oil, synthetic gas (hereafter referred to as synthetic natural gas), and recovered carbonaceous material (i.e., recovered carbon black or recycled carbon black).The recovered carbonaceous material includes agglomerates of aggregated carbon black particles that enclose (i.e., are matrixed with) other materials and additives found in tire rubber. For example, the carbon aggregate agglomerates may surround and encapsulate silica particles, zinc oxide particles, and / or calcium oxide particles. In this example, a portion of the silica surface may be partially exposed, allowing the silica to exert some effect on the performance of the recovered carbonaceous material in rubber applications. However, due to the encapsulation of the silica during pyrolysis, the silica may exhibit a smaller exposed surface area compared to unencapsulated virgin silica, and therefore, the silica may exhibit different and / or less reinforcing effects in rubber applications. Next, System 100 can granulate the recovered carbonaceous material into a set of 195 (discrete) granules. During granulation, System 100 can grind the recovered carbonaceous material into a powder of particles within a particular agglomerate size distribution to create a volume of carbonaceous agglomerates of substantially similar sizes. Therefore, the system can limit agglomeration and surface imperfections when implemented on rubber and plastics due to the different QChbnn / 1 7P7 / B / YILI agglomerate sizes exiting the pyrolytic reactor 120. System 100 can then mix the powder with a binding agent to induce agglomeration (or granule agglomeration) of the powder into discrete granules 195 within a mixer 150. The granule pool 195 can be dried and sorted to remove the oversized or undersized granule subset 195 from the granule pool 195. The oversized or undersized granule subset 195 can be recycled back to the mill 130, where the mill 130 can grind the granules 195 and mix the (previously agglomerated) granule subset 195 with the powder to be granulated. System 100 can be implemented to control the quality, quantity, and consistency of the products (e.g., granule set 195) produced by System 100. This is achieved by controlling and implementing methods, such as Method S100, to control the volume composition of the tire rubber segments 105 entering System 100. This control is effective despite the general variability in the tires used as raw material, which is due to the variable composition of tires in the tire manufacturing industry. By controlling the volume composition of the tire rubber segments 105 (raw material), System 100 can maintain the carbon particle size and a restricted distribution of the compositions (e.g., carbon, sulfur, and zinc oxide) produced by System 100.Tires typically include a mixture of rubber and other polymers, various grades of virgin carbon black, steel, nylon fiber, and other materials such as curing agents (e.g., zinc oxide), dispersing agents, and other rubber additives. Tire composition varies significantly among manufacturers, tire type (e.g., consumer tires, agricultural tires, mining tires, over-the-road (OTR) tires), country of manufacture, and intended use (e.g., winter tires). For example, tires manufactured and sold in Europe tend to have a higher silica (silicon dioxide or SiO2) content than tires manufactured and sold in the United States. Additionally, the 110 shredding system can separate tire rubber from other tire components, such as steel wire and nylon fiber.Due to the bond between the tire rubber, steel wire, and nylon fiber, steel and nylon residues may remain attached to the tire rubber and, therefore, may enter the pyrolytic reactor 120 and remain present in the volume of carbonaceous material 190 exiting the pyrolytic reactor 120. In addition, the shredding system 110 may shred and / or segment the tire rubber into pieces or chunks of rubber, which may be transferred (or transported) to the pyrolytic reactor 120. Each tire may also contain several grades of carbon black, where each grade is defined by the surface area of ​​a carbon black particle as shown in FIGURE 12. For example, tires may include several grades of virgin carbon black, such as N100, N330, N660, N762, or N900. Each of these grades is defined by a particle size of QChbnn / 1 7P7 / B / YILI average carbon particle size within the virgin carbon black grade. As shown in FIGURE 4, the N100 series virgin carbon black grade includes an average particle size between 11 and 19 nanometers; an N200 series virgin carbon black grade includes an average particle size between 20 and 25 nanometers; an N300 series virgin carbon black grade includes an average particle size between 25 and 30 nanometers; and an N600 series virgin carbon black grade includes an average particle size between 49 and 60 nanometers.Due to the variability in particle size and surface activity of the virgin carbon black grades entering the pyrolytic reactor 120, the volume of carbonaceous material 190 typically exhibits similar properties (e.g., dispersion, tensile strength trends, and / or other physical properties when incorporated into rubber) to each of the virgin carbon black grades present within the tire assembly 101 entering the pyrolytic reactor 120. Therefore, the volume of carbonaceous material 1090 acts as a composite grade of carbon black.For example, when incorporated into rubber, the carbonaceous material can act as a composite grade of carbon black with reinforcing properties similar to an N600 series virgin carbon black grade and tinting properties similar to an N330 series virgin carbon black grade. This is due to the presence of both the N600 and N330 series virgin carbon black grades within the tire rubber volume. In this way, the System 100 can control the tire rubber composition to determine the grade and performance characteristics of the carbonaceous material volume when implemented in rubber and plastics applications. As shown in Figure 4, the volume of carbonaceous material 190 is defined by carbon black particles (i.e., a form of paracrystalline carbon) between 10 nanometers and 500 nanometers in diameter. These carbon black particles can aggregate to form carbonaceous aggregates that include chemical bonds, van der Waals forces, and cross-linking between carbon black particles, as shown in Figure 4. The carbonaceous aggregates can agglomerate to form carbonaceous agglomerates (or carbon black) larger than one micrometer, as shown in Figure 4. These carbon black agglomerates include relatively weak chemical bonds, which can be broken by mechanical forces, such as grinding or crushing. The carbon black agglomerates can be mixed with binding agents and dispersing agents to facilitate bonding and blending with other materials, such as plastics.Generally, recovered carbon black agglomerates, such as those found in the carbonaceous material volume, are larger than virgin carbon black agglomerates (i.e., carbon black made directly from oil and other raw materials rather than rubber). QChbnn / 1 7P7 / B / YILI recycled extracted from recycled materials, such as waste tires). Due to the lower surface activity and / or smaller surface area of ​​recovered carbon black agglomerates, they may disperse less uniformly and consistently when mixed with materials other than virgin carbon black agglomerates. However, the 100 system can implement the S100 method to control (and / or reduce) the size of the recovered carbon black agglomerate, thereby improving dispersion and crosslinking with other materials.For example, by controlling and refining the agglomerate size of recovered carbon black agglomerates through control of the rubber raw material, the System 100 can be configured to produce agglomerates of less than one micrometer to reproduce high-quality filler carbon blacks (e.g., the N600 and N700 series) for effective use in filling and reinforcing applications. Due to their varying compositions, the agglomerates of recovered carbonaceous material vary in size and surface area. This variability can result in surface imperfections in rubber and plastics applications. Furthermore, the composition of the agglomerates of recovered carbonaceous material can also vary, which can lead to different performance effects (e.g., dispersion, dye resistance, tensile strength, and / or durometer) when used in rubber and plastics applications. Therefore, after pyrolysis, the recovered carbonaceous material is fed into a mill 130 or other crushing or grinding system to reduce it to a specific agglomerate size range or a particular agglomerate size distribution.Additionally or alternatively, during the grinding process, the 100 system can apply steam to the recovered carbonaceous material to increase surface activity and / or a nitrogen surface of the agglomerates of the recovered carbonaceous material, thereby increasing crosslinking with other materials and improving the reinforcing properties of the recovered carbonaceous material in rubber applications. However, recovered carbonaceous material is difficult to transport and mix in rubber applications in powder form, which can have a diameter of <1 micrometer. In granular form, the recovered material is more easily transported while minimizing airborne dust dispersion that can contaminate other areas of a manufacturing facility, environmentally protected areas (e.g., groundwater), etc. To granulate the recovered carbonaceous material, in a mixer 150, a spray nozzle 152 can moisten the recovered carbonaceous material with a binding agent (e.g., water, toluene, and / or mineral oil), while the mixer 150 blends the binding agent and the recovered carbonaceous material into a substantially homogeneous mixture that agglomerates (or clumps) into granules 195 of the recovered carbonaceous material. QChbnn / 1 7P7 / B / YILI The 195 granules can then be dried to a specific moisture content (e.g., <1%). By reducing the moisture content of the 195 granules, System 100 can prevent the introduction of unwanted moisture into the rubber blend, which can contribute to gas emissions (or gas release) that occur when the 195 granules are heated within a rubber mixer and / or a plastic mastermix mixer. These gas emissions can carry toxic components, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (i.e., PAHs), into the air of a manufacturing facility when residual moisture within the agglomerates evaporates under heat. Recovered carbonaceous material (i.e., recovered carbon black) is a product that can be extracted during tire recycling. Recovered carbon black can be produced by thermally decomposing (i.e., pyrolyzing) petroleum-derived carbonaceous materials, such as virgin carbon black, extracted from recycled rubber materials like car tires, truck tires, and / or other tires during pyrolysis. Other materials that can be extracted and recycled from waste tires include oil, solvents (oil distillates), steel, synthetic natural gas, nylon fiber, and more. While the systems and methods described herein relate to the recycling of tire rubber, the S100 method can be implemented for the recycling of other polymeric materials, such as industrial rubber (e.g., industrial hoses, belts, commercial roofing), elastomers, and plastics (e.g., clear or black plastic bottles). Furthermore, the S100 system can include any other component or system configured to depolymerize polymeric materials, such as tire rubber, in addition to or as a replacement for the pyrolytic reactor 120. 3. System A system 100, shown in FIGURES 1 and 2, for converting tires into granulated recovered carbon black includes: a primary tire shredder 115 configured to shred a set of tires 101 selected from a group that includes an agricultural tire, a commercial tire, and a passenger tire into a volume of tire rubber segments 105, a volume of steel wire 106, and a volume of textile fiber 103 in Block S115; a secondary tire shredder 117 configured to shred the volume of tire rubber segments 105 from tire rubber of a desired surface area range configured to pyrolyze substantially uniformly in Block S117;a pyrolytic reactor 120 configured to thermally depolymerize the volume of tire rubber segments 105 within an inert atmosphere into a set of pyrolytic by-products including a volume of carbonaceous material 190 including agglomerates of carbonaceous aggregates in Block S120; a mill 130 configured to grind the volume of carbonaceous material 190 to a diameter of an agglomerate within the volume of carbonaceous material 190 to; QChbnn / 1 7P7 / B / YILI less than a maximum agglomerate diameter in Block S130. In Block S150 of method S100, system 100 also includes a mixer 150 comprising: a rolling nozzle 152 configured to spray the volume of carbonaceous material 190 with a binding agent in Block S152; a retort configured to: mix the volume of carbonaceous material 190 and the binding agent and transfer the volume of carbonaceous material 190 along a length of the mixer 150; and form a pellet assembly 195 of a range of pellet diameters.In addition, system 100 includes: a dryer 160 configured to dry the granule assembly 195 within a dryer 160 to a particular moisture content in Block S160 of method S100; and a granule classifier 170 configured to remove from the granule assembly 195 a subset of granules 195 larger than a maximum granule size proportional to a maximum granule hardness defined by a desired dispersion coefficient from the granule assembly 195 within a volume of rubber polymer in Block S170 of method S100. Typically, system 100 is configured to receive and shred a selected set of complete tires to produce a particular tire rubber composition and pyrolyze the tire rubber volume into a carbonaceous material volume 190 of a composition proportional to the tire rubber composition as shown in FIGURE 8. System 100 can then granulate the carbonaceous material volume 190 into a set of granules 195, which can be implemented for use in rubber and plastics applications.In particular, system 100 is configured to receive whole tires in the form of waste (or residual), separate the tire rubber in the tires from the textile fiber (i.e., nylon) and steel wire contained in the tires, shred the tire rubber into approximately uniform sections to form a volume of tire rubber segments 105, supply the volume of tire rubber segments 105 to a pyrolytic reactor 120 where the volume of tire rubber segments 105 is depolymerized into a volume of carbonaceous material 190, and subsequently granulate the volume of carbonaceous material 190 by: shredding the carbonaceous material into a powder, mixing the powder with a binding agent, and agglomerating and drying the mixture of powder and binding agent.For quality control, a pellet classifier can separate and recycle large and small pellets from the pellet pool to create a restricted pellet size distribution. 3.1 Crushing system In an implementation shown in FIGURES 2, 5, and 8, the system 100 may include a shredding system 110 configured to shred a set of tires 101 selected from a group that includes an agricultural tire, a commercial tire, and a passenger tire into a volume of tire rubber segments 105 that include a set of virgin carbon black grades, a set of rubber polymers, and a set of rubber additives in the Block QChbnn / 1 7P7 / B / YILI S110. Typically, the shredding system 110 is configured to receive a supply of waste tires (e.g., from cars, trucks, tractors, other agricultural vehicles), separate the constituent materials from the waste tires, and remove a volume of tire rubber from the steel wire and other materials (e.g., nylon or synthetic fibers) within the waste tires, segment the volume of tire rubber into segments (or fragments), and supply the volume of tire rubber segments to a pyrolytic reactor 120 for pyrolysis, as described below and shown in FIGURE 2. System 100 includes the shredding system 110 (or raw material processing system) configured to shred and preprocess waste tires to supply recovered tire rubber extracted from waste tires and separated from other materials in the waste tires to a pyrolytic reactor 120 for pyrolysis.The volume of tire rubber segments can be shredded to an optimized size for substantially uniform decomposition during pyrolysis. Furthermore, system 100 is configured to supply a specific raw material composition (tire rubber) to the pyrolytic reactor 120 to produce a specific carbonaceous material composition designed to achieve particular properties when applied to rubber and plastics. In particular, system 100 may include a conveyor configured to supply a feed of (waste) tires (i.e., the tire assembly) to a shredding system 110. The tire assembly may include a proportioned mix of car tires, truck tires (i.e., commercial, on-highway, or OTR), and other tires, such as agricultural and mining tires. Typically, tires include organic (or carbonaceous) materials and inorganic (or non-carbonaceous) materials. Organic materials may include carbon black and tire rubber polymer(s). In particular, the carbon black in the volume of tire rubber segments 105 may include a multitude of carbon black grades that vary in surface area, particle diameter, and particle distribution.For example, the volume of tire rubber segments 105 may include a set of carbon black grades extracted from tire treads (e.g., N100), tire sidewalls (e.g., N660), and tire casings (e.g., N900). Inorganic materials may include a set of rubber additives, such as zinc oxide, sulfur, silicon dioxide (i.e., silica), curing agents (e.g., TBBS, MBS), dispersing agents, etc., extracted from different parts of the tire, where each part of the tire contains different concentrations of the aforementioned rubber additives. In one implementation, the tire set 101 can be selected to include a proportional mix (or ratio) of car tires, truck tires, and other tires that define a tire rubber supply with a particular ratio (composition), such as QChbnn / 1 7P7 / B / YILI the carbon-to-sulfur ratio. In this implementation, the carbon-to-sulfur ratio can be optimized to produce carbon black granules with specific concentrations and / or ratios of carbon and sulfur. Typically, in rubber applications, sulfur acts as a curing agent that can shorten the burn-in time (i.e., the time until a rubber material has fully cured) of a rubber material containing excess sulfur. Therefore, rubber manufacturers may wish to reduce the sulfur content in rubber compounds by limiting the amount of sulfur contained in the recovered carbon black that they include in the rubber compounds. In one example, System 100 can shred the provided tire mix, which includes five passenger car tires and one truck tire, into a tire rubber volume. In this example, the provided mix can be selected to limit the sulfur content entering the pyrolytic reactor 120 in the tire rubber segment volume 105, thus limiting the sulfur content of the carbonaceous material volume 190 and the oil volume 123 emitted by the pyrolytic reactor 120, as described below. In another example, System 100 can shred the tire assembly, which includes two passenger car tires and one truck tire, to produce a recovered carbonaceous material with a higher sulfur content, which may be desirable in rubber applications where a shorter burn time is required.In another implementation, the tire set 101 can be selected from the group that includes the agricultural tire, the commercial tire, and the passenger tire according to a tire ratio defined by a threshold percentage (e.g., 1%, 5%, 15%, or 20%) of inorganic materials (e.g., zinc oxide, sulfur, silica, and other non-carbonaceous materials) within the volume of carbonaceous material 190. For example, truck tires (OTR) typically contain a low silica content (<5% by weight); and passenger car tires may include a low silica content (e.g., 10% by weight) or may include a high silica content (e.g., ~15% by weight) to reduce rolling resistance and improve vehicle efficiency and gas mileage.In this example, a set of tires 101 can be selected to limit the silica content within the volume of the tire rubber segments 105 to less than 5%. Due to the variability in the silica content of the raw material, the pyrolytic reactor 120 is configured to receive and process varying amounts of silica. The tire set 101 can be selected by any other means and for any other desired effect. Generally, the composition of the tire set 101 has a direct impact on the chemical composition of the recovered carbonaceous material and its performance in rubber and plastics applications, as shown in Figure 8. QChbnn / 1 7P7 / B / YILI As shown in Figures 5 and 11, the shredding system 110 may include a primary tire shredder 115, which is configured to separate the rubber in the waste tire feed from the steel and other materials within the same feed. Typically, the primary tire shredder 115 may include two rotating blades, each blade adjacent to the other in Block S115 of the method. The blades may be positioned so that when the first blade rotates, a cutting surface of the first blade passes over a cutting surface of the second blade. Therefore, the material located between the first and second blades may be sheared due to the rotational motion of the first and second blades. As the sets of rotating blades turn, the blades cut (or slit) the materials into discrete sections (or segments).In Block S110, system 100 can supply the tire assembly 101 to the primary tire shredder 115, which can divide whole tires into segments. During primary shredding, the primary shredder 115 can separate the rubber from the steel and textile fiber, thereby removing some of the inorganic content from the tire assembly 101 and reducing the volume of the tire rubber segments 105. Alternatively, the primary tire shredder 115 can also split the rubber into pieces of a target size configured for breaking down within the pyrolytic reactor 120. For example, the primary tire shredder 115 can split the tire assembly 101 into granules, strips, and / or fragments with a maximum width of one inch, a maximum height of one inch, and a maximum length of one inch. However, the primary tire shredder 115 can shred the volume of tire rubber segments 105 into pieces of any particular volume, maximum dimension, and / or surface area. In a variation shown in FIGURE 6, system 100 may also include a secondary tire shredder 117 configured to shred the tire rubber into a volume of tire rubber segments 105 in Block S117 of method S100. In this variation, the secondary tire shredder 117 may shred the volume of tire rubber segments shredded by the primary tire shredder into smaller tire rubber segments of a desired surface area, volume, and / or maximum dimension (e.g., length or width) after separation from other components of the tire assembly 101 (e.g., steel wire and textile fiber) in the primary tire shredder 115.The surface area can be selected so that the volume of the tire rubber segments 105 is pyrolyzed substantially and uniformly into a volume of carbonaceous material 190, a volume of oil 123, and a volume of gas during thermal decomposition (i.e., pyrolysis). Typically, the secondary tire shredder 117 may include two rotating blades, each blade being adjacent to the other. The blades may be positioned so that when the first blade rotates, a cutting surface of the first blade passes over a surface. QChbnn / 1 7P7 / B / YILI cutting of a second blade. Therefore, the material located between the first and second blades can be cut due to the rotational motion of the first and second blades. As the sets of rotary blades rotate, the blades cut (or slit) the materials into discrete sections (or segments). A distance between the blades defines the size of the tire rubber segments shredded by the secondary tire shredder 117. For example, the volume of tire rubber segments 105 can include tire rubber segments one inch wide, two to three inches long, and approximately half an inch thick.As described below, when large tire rubber segments enter the pyrolytic reactor 120, the volume of tire rubber segments 105 may remain partially (or incompletely) pyrolyzed and / or a portion of the tire rubber volume may overheat and be converted into carbon. In another example, the secondary tire shredder 117 may divide the tire assembly 101 into granules, strips, and / or fragments with a maximum width of one inch, a maximum height of one inch, and a maximum length of one inch. Alternatively, in an implementation shown in FIGURE 6, the primary tire shredder 115 and the secondary tire shredder 117 can be coupled and / or integrated such that the primary tire shredder 115 can directly supply the volume of tire rubber segments 105, separated from other components (e.g., steel and nylon), to the secondary tire shredder 117, where the volume of tire rubber segments 105 is shredded into segments of a shape factor (e.g., granules, cubes, or fragments) configured to pyrolyze uniformly and completely within the pyrolytic reactor 120. In the above implementations, the primary and / or secondary tire shredder 117 can divide the volume of tire rubber segments 105 into substantially rectangular blocks (e.g., 1 inch by 1 inch by 2 inches), cubes, spheres, pyramids, and / or any other shape.Additionally or alternatively, the secondary tire shredder 117 can also remove textile fiber (i.e., nylon fiber) from the volume of tire rubber segments. The tire rubber can then be dispersed into a magnetic separator, which separates magnetic materials (e.g., steel) from non-magnetic materials (e.g., rubber). The magnetic separator can limit the introduction of steel and other inorganic magnetic materials into the pyrolytic reactor 120. The magnetic materials extracted from the rubber and fed into the magnetic separator can be fed back into the shredding system 110 and / or distributed to a steel cleaner, which further cleans the steel and removes any remaining rubber residue. The rubber residue can then be fed into the pyrolytic reactor 120 or returned to the shredding system 110 for secondary and / or tertiary shredding. QChbnn / 1 7Π7 / Β / ΥΙΙΛΙ Alternatively, the system may receive tire fragments (i.e., a volume of tire rubber) shredded at a different site by an external manufacturer. In this variation, the system may not have close control over the composition of the tire rubber volume, as it receives only the tire rubber volume selected by the external (third-party) manufacturer. In this variation, the tire rubber volume may include a random or proportional mix of various tire types over whose composition the system has little control. However, the tire rubber volume may not be optimized to produce a particular composition or yield of carbonaceous material derived from the tire rubber volume when implemented in rubber or plastics applications. For example, the external manufacturer may select tires according to a specific ratio of commercial and agricultural tires.However, the external manufacturer may not consider, test, or select other critical elements for the composition of the resulting carbonaceous material, such as silica content, carbon black grades included in the tires, etc. Therefore, the chemical composition and yield of the carbonaceous material may vary (positively or negatively) depending on the tire rubber composition selected by the external manufacturer. To control the chemical composition and yield of the carbonaceous material, the system can preferably shred whole tires into tire rubber segments to verify a raw material composition that produces a carbonaceous material volume of 190 with a specific chemical composition and / or yield.Generally, a volume composition of tire rubber segments can be selected to produce any other composition of carbonaceous material after pyrolysis. 3.2 Prolytic Reactor As shown in FIGURE 7, the system 100 may include a pyrolytic reactor 120 configured to thermally depolymerize (or decompose) the volume of tire rubber segments 105 within an inert atmosphere (e.g., in the absence of oxygen) into a set of pyrolytic byproducts that include a volume of carbonaceous material 190 comprising agglomerates of carbonaceous aggregates in Block S120. In particular, the pyrolytic reactor 120 is configured to limit the combustion of the volume of tire rubber segments 105 by creating a vacuum within the pyrolytic reactor 120 and substantially reducing the volume of oxygen present within the pyrolytic reactor 120 as the heating elements within the pyrolytic reactor 120 heat the volume of tire rubber segments 105.Typically, the pyrolytic reactor 120 is configured to heat the volume of tire rubber segments 105 (i.e., the shredded waste tires) to induce depolymerization of the volume of tire rubber segments 105, thereby producing a solid carbonaceous residue (i.e., the volume of carbonaceous material 190), oil. QChbnn / 1 7P7 / B / YILI pyrolytic and gases (for example, synthetic natural gas or synthetic natural gas that includes hydrogen, carbon monoxide and other gaseous fuels). The volume of tire rubber segments 105 can be supplied to the pyrolytic reactor 120 in Block S120 at a particular supply rate (e.g., 2000 pounds per hour) defined by a threshold capacity of the pyrolytic reactor 120 (e.g., a maximum supply rate, volumetric capacity of the pyrolytic reactor 120), a desired production rate (e.g., 600 pounds of carbonaceous material produced per hour or 800 pounds of oil produced per hour), and / or a desired composition of the carbonaceous material volume 190. In one implementation, a conveyor system can supply the volume of tire rubber segments 105 to the pyrolytic reactor 120. During pyrolysis, the volume of tire rubber segments 105 (and the included carbon black grades) can be thermally depolymerized into a volume of carbonaceous material 190 that includes carbonaceous aggregates of carbon particles derived from the set of virgin carbon black grades. The carbonaceous material can define a matrix of organic materials derived from the set of virgin carbon black grades (e.g., carbon black grades N100 and N900) and inorganic materials derived from the set of rubber additives, as shown in Figure 10. As shown in FIGURE 7A, in one implementation, the pyrolytic reactor 120 may include a continuous feed reactor configured to continuously pyrolyze the volume of tire rubber segments 105 as the tire rubber is conveyed along a length of the continuous feed reactor. In particular, the continuous feed reactor may include heating elements interspersed along a length of the pyrolytic reactor 120 and a retort (i.e., a feed screw) configured to rotationally push the volume of tire rubber segments 105 between an inlet and an outlet of the pyrolytic reactor 120. Furthermore, the retort may be configured to scrape or closely track the internal walls of the pyrolytic reactor 120 to limit the accumulation of partially pyrolyzed tire rubber on the reactor's internal surfaces.The accumulation of partially pyrolyzed tire rubber can overheat and become “overpyrolyzed” (i.e., “overcooked”) when left static on the inner walls of the reactor; when tire rubber is overpyrolyzed, the surface area and / or surface activity of the recovered carbonaceous material particles may be reduced, limiting the reinforcing properties of the recovered carbonaceous material when implemented in rubber applications. Additionally or alternatively, the pyrolytic reactor 120 may include a batch pyrolytic reactor 120 configured to receive the volume of tire rubber segments QChbnn / 1 znz / e / YiAi 105 and pyrolyze the volume of tire rubber segments 105 during a time window at a stationary location as shown in FIGURE 7B. The pyrolytic reactor 120 can also produce an oil volume 123 and a gas volume. In Block S122, the oil volume 123 and the gas volume can include concentrations of sulfur and other materials extracted from the tire rubber during pyrolysis. In one implementation, the gas volume can include residual carbonaceous material that can be conveyed to a gas extraction system coupled to the pyrolytic reactor 120. Due to the high velocities of the gas volume exiting the pyrolytic reactor 120, some of the carbonaceous material can be blown or otherwise carried into the gas extraction system. To prevent clogging of the gas extraction system due to the accumulation of carbonaceous material within it, the gas extraction system can include a filter located between the pyrolytic reactor 120 and the gas extraction system.The filter can be configured to capture residual carbonaceous material before it enters a main body of the gas extraction system downstream of the filter. The filter can be changed and / or cleaned at intervals to prevent clogging. If the filter were to become clogged, the obstruction would limit the volume of gas escaping from the pyrolytic reactor 120, leading to a buildup of combustible gas (and pressure) within the reactor. Similarly, the oil volume 123 can include the transfer of residual carbonaceous material to an oil extraction system that can be coupled to the pyrolytic reactor 120. The oil extraction system can include a filter configured to capture carbonaceous material before it enters a downstream portion of the oil extraction system, which may include an oil condensation system with spray nozzles. In one implementation, the pyrolytic reactor 120 can produce a volume of carbonaceous material 190, which includes particles (agglomerated carbon) of a particular particle size distribution in Block S120. For example, the particle size distribution may include particles where the 99th percentile of particle size (i.e., D99) is less than 30 micrometers and the 50th percentile of particle size (i.e., D50) is less than 6 micrometers. Alternatively, the particle size distribution may include particles where the 99th percentile of particle size (i.e., D99) is less than 50 micrometers and the 50th percentile of particle size (i.e., D50) is less than 2 micrometers, and / or an average agglomerate size of 1–2 micrometers.In another example, the pyrolytic reactor 120 converts waste tires into a volume of carbonaceous material 190, which includes agglomerates between 200 micrometers and 400 micrometers comprising carbon particles between 500 nanometers and 2 micrometers. Additionally or alternatively, the pyrolytic reactor 120 can produce carbon particles with a nitrogen surface area between 60 and 70 m² / g and a particle surface area between 65 and 70 m² / g. As described above, the surface area... The nitrogen content and surface area of ​​carbon particles within a volume of carbonaceous material 190 are generally predictive of the behavior of the carbonaceous material volume 190 in rubber applications. Typically, the pyrolytic reactor 120 can be configured to operate at an operating temperature (>500 degrees Fahrenheit) and operating pressure that produces a specific particle surface chemistry and percentage of depolymerization and generates carbonaceous material with a composition directly proportional to the composition of the tire rubber segment volume (i.e., the raw material). The pyrolytic reactor 120 can also include a magnetic separator 124 as shown in FIGURE 7A. The magnetic separator 124 can be configured to magnetically extract the remaining steel and other magnetic materials from the volume of carbonaceous material after pyrolysis in Block S124 of method S100. Additionally or alternatively, a conveyor or other transport system (e.g., a pneumatic conveyor or a human operator) can transport the volume of carbonaceous material 190 from the pyrolytic reactor 120 to a feed hopper, which can supply the volume of carbonaceous material 190 to a finishing system configured to convert the volume (in powder form) of carbonaceous material 190 into granulated carbon black, as described below. Generally, the particle size and composition of the carbonaceous material volume 190 are proportional to the particle size and composition of the tire rubber volume from which the carbonaceous material volume is derived. However, due to the varying carbon particle sizes within the tire rubber volume, the system can grind, pulverize, and / or otherwise reduce the particles within the carbonaceous material volume to create a substantially uniform particle distribution that produces consistent performance when implemented in rubber and plastics applications as described below. 3.3 Mill As shown in FIGURES 3 and 4, the 100 system may include a finishing system comprising a mill 130 or other crushing or grinding system configured to crush the carbonaceous material volume 190 to reduce the agglomerate diameter within the carbonaceous material volume 190 to less than a maximum agglomerate diameter in Block S130. Typically, the mill 130 can be configured to pulverize, grind, and / or crush the carbonaceous material volume 190 into a smaller and / or standardized size distribution of carbon black agglomerates, thereby enabling consistent yield and distribution. QChbnn / 1 7P7 / B / YILI The mill 130 may include a hammer mill, a ball mill, a steam mill, and / or any other crushing, pulverizing, or grinding machine. For example, system 100 may include a hammer mill, which can crush the volume of carbonaceous material 190 into smaller agglomerates using hammer pins, thereby destroying a subset of the agglomerate-forming bonds within the volume of carbonaceous material 190 and causing a transformation in the structure and shape of the agglomerates. Alternatively, system 100 may include a steam-jet mill configured to grind the volume of carbonaceous material 190 into smaller agglomerates while activating the surface chemistry of the agglomerates with steam, which can facilitate bonding between carbon black aggregates and carbon black agglomerates and / or other materials (e.g., rubber polymers).Typically, mill 130 can crush carbonaceous material 190 into agglomerates of any other size and / or size distribution. However, system 100 can include any other type of mill capable of crushing carbonaceous material 190 into agglomerates of any other size and / or size distribution. As described above, system 100 may include a feed hopper configured to receive the volume of carbonaceous material 190 and supply the volume of carbonaceous material 190 at a particular feed rate to a mill 130 for pulverization. In one implementation, the feed hopper may include a pyramidal conduit or valve configured to contain the carbonaceous material and deposit it into a magnetic separator 124 configured to extract magnetic residues (e.g., steel or other magnetic metal) remaining within the volume of carbonaceous material 190 after pyrolysis, as shown in FIGURE 7A. Typically, the volume of carbonaceous material 190 resulting from pyrolysis (Block S120) includes carbonaceous agglomerates between 500 nanometers and 10 micrometers. These carbonaceous agglomerates exhibit limited dispersion and reinforcement properties compared to virgin carbon black carbonaceous agglomerates due to the size, surface chemistry, non-uniform composition, particle size distribution, etc., of the recovered carbonaceous agglomerates. Therefore, system 100 can be used to break these carbonaceous agglomerates into smaller agglomerated particles (between 500 nanometers and 2 micrometers) and granulate the smaller agglomerated particles to form carbon black granules (i.e., a granule set 195) as shown in FIGURE 4. System 100 can grind the carbonaceous material into an agglomerate size range (i.e., a particle size distribution) to limit oversized agglomerates.Furthermore, the System 100 can be configured to limit small agglomerates. In one implementation, the particle size distribution can be adjusted. QChbnn / 1 7P7 / B / YILI define by a maximum (target) particle size that may correspond to a known particle size or the largest agglomerate of the virgin carbon black grades that entered the pyrolytic reactor 120 (e.g., a particle size of ~1 micrometer for N900 series virgin carbon black), as shown in FIGURE 12. Alternatively, the particle size distribution may be defined by the maximum (target) particle size that may correspond to a known particle size or the largest agglomerate of inorganic materials in the tire rubber volume, such as silica and / or sulfur. Furthermore, the maximum particle size may correspond to (or be proportional to) an industry standard for the maximum particle size (e.g., 5 micrometers) of carbon black and / or a minimum particle size defined by the mill specifications. Alternatively, the particle size distribution may define a minimum particle size that corresponds to the smallest known particle or agglomerate size of the virgin carbon black grades entering the pyrolytic reactor 120 in the tire rubber volume (e.g., a particle size of ~10 nanometers for N100 series virgin carbon black). Alternatively, the minimum particle size may correspond to the smallest known particle or agglomerate size of inorganic materials in the tire rubber volume, such as sulfur, silica, and / or calcium.Furthermore, the maximum particle size can correspond to (or be proportional to) an industry standard for the minimum particle size of carbon black (e.g., 500 nanometers) or a larger known particle size that can be airborne or inhaled by a human when agitated (e.g., 10 nanometers). In one implementation example, a hammer mill can crush a volume of carbonaceous material 190 to an agglomerate size distribution smaller than the maximum particle size (e.g., 5 micrometers) and larger than the minimum particle size (e.g., 750 nanometers). In one variation, the mill 130 may also include a mixing chamber in which the volume of carbonaceous material 190 can be mixed with pressurized air of a particular humidity level (e.g., dry). In this variation, the pressurized air can force the agglomerates into the mill 130 for pulverization, as shown in Figure 10. 3.4 Mill classifier As shown in FIGURE 3, the system 100 may include a mill classifier 140 configured to remove the volume of carbonaceous material agglomerates 190 larger than the maximum agglomerate diameter in Block S140. Alternatively, the mill classifier 140 may be configured to remove agglomerates smaller than a minimum agglomerate diameter. Typically, after grinding, the mill 130 QChbnn / 1 7P7 / B / YILI can deposit the volume of carbonaceous material 190 into a mill classifier 140 configured to separate oversized agglomerates (i.e., agglomerates larger than a predetermined acceptable diameter or outside the particle size distribution) from the volume of aggregated particles. For example, the mill classifier 140 can separate agglomerates larger than 10 micrometers in diameter and recycle these agglomerates through mill 130 for further crushing. Alternatively, the mill classifier 140 can separate undersized agglomerates (i.e., particles smaller than the predetermined acceptable diameter or outside the acceptable particle size range) from the aggregate volume. Therefore, the mill classifier 140 prevents oversized and / or undersized agglomerates from passing to the subsequent sections of the 100 system, where the oversized and / or undersized aggregate would be granulated, dried, and classified again. In an implementation shown in FIGURE 3, system 100 can return recovered carbon agglomerates larger than the maximum agglomerate size to mill 130 (e.g., a hammer mill); crush the agglomerates larger than the maximum agglomerate size for a third time interval to reduce their agglomerate size to a size smaller than the maximum agglomerate size; and mix the powder into the carbonaceous material volume 190. In this implementation, system 100 can recycle both large and / or small agglomerates by returning them to mill 130. This implementation reduces the loss of recovered carbonaceous material due to agglomerate size after a first (or subsequent) pass through mill 130 and increases the overall throughput of system 100. 3.4 Mixer As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the system 100 may also include a mixer 150 configured to mix the volume of carbonaceous material 190 with a binding agent during an initial interval, where the mixer 150 induces the formation of a set of granules 195 with a range of granule diameters in Block S150. Typically, following the classification, a conveyor system (e.g., a pneumatic conveyor) may transport the volume of carbonaceous material 190 to a feed hopper for distribution into a granulation system 199, which may include the mixer 150. In one implementation, once deposited in the mixer 150, the mixer 150 may implement a wet granulation process of the aggregated particle volume. In this implementation, spray nozzles (e.g., atomizers) distributed throughout the mixer 150 may spray the material volume. QChbnn / 1 7P7 / B / YILI carbonaceous material 190 with a binding agent, such as water, toluene, zinc oxide, lignosulfonate, mineral oil, and / or any other binding agent in Block S152. For example, the nozzles inside mixer 150 can spray the volume of carbonaceous material 190 with a volume of water (e.g., 30–50% of the total mass of carbonaceous material inside mixer 150). Alternatively, the nozzles can spray the volume of carbonaceous material 190 with water and / or other agents before deposition in mixer 150. In one variation, the mixer 150 may spray or otherwise mix a binding agent, such as toluene, water, calcium ligninsulfonate, starch, molasses, and / or any other binding agent, into the volume of carbonaceous material 190 to facilitate the agglomeration of the carbon agglomerates into discrete granules and modify the crosslinking and bonding between the carbonaceous material and the rubber additives (e.g., polymers, curing agents, and / or dispersing agents). As described below, the binding agent mixed into the volume of carbonaceous material 190 of carbon black may affect the properties of the rubber material and the composite plastic materials of the granule assembly 195, as well as the dispersion (and mixing) behavior of the granule assembly 195 when mixed with other materials and components.Typically, recovered carbon black granules include binding agents (e.g., binders) introduced during granulation to facilitate bonding and crosslinking with particles of other materials and to allow the carbonaceous material to agglomerate into discrete granules (agglomerates). However, in the absence of a binding agent, the carbonaceous ash present on the external surfaces of the granule assembly 195 can function as a binding agent. In the above implementation, the volume of water and the volume of carbonaceous material 190 can be stirred, rotated, and / or mixed to induce agglomeration (i.e., clumping or clumping) of carbon agglomerates into discrete carbon black granules (the granule assembly 195). For example, the mixer 150 may include a rod mixer configured to stir, mix, and form homogeneous granules. Alternatively, once deposited in mixer 150, the volume of carbonaceous material 190 can be dry granulated by the mixer 150, whereby the dry carbon black agglomerates are compacted (or compressed) by rolling them into granules. However, mixer 150 can also form or mold carbon black granules by any other means according to any other suitable method. 3.5 Hair Dryer As shown in FIGURE 9A, the system 100 also includes a dryer 160 configured to dry the pellet assembly 195 within a dryer 160 to a particular moisture content during a second interval defined by a rate at which QChbnn / 1 7P7 / B / YILI conveys the granule assembly 195 along a length of dryer 160 and at the operating temperature of dryer 160 in Block S160. Typically, after granulation, a conveyor (e.g., a pneumatic conveyor) can transport the granule assembly 195 to a dryer 160 to reduce the moisture content within the granule assembly 195. Alternatively, the dryer 160 can dry the granule assembly 195 to a particular granule hardness. In one implementation, the dryer 160 can heat the pellet assembly 195 to evaporate water and other liquid-phase fluids within the pellet assembly 195, thereby reducing the moisture content (e.g., from 99% to less than 1% remaining) in the pellet assembly. In this implementation, the dryer 160 can blow combustion air over the pellet assembly 195 to heat the coal pellets and induce evaporation. Alternatively, the dryer 160 can include heating elements, which can directly or indirectly heat a chamber containing the pellet assembly 195. In this implementation, the dryer 160 can blow filtered (dry) air over the pellet assembly 195. In one implementation, the combustion air can include the volume of gas extracted from the pyrolytic reactor 120 during pyrolysis.Generally, gases introduced into system 100 during drying can affect the surface chemistry of the granule assembly 195, which can affect the dispersion and reinforcing properties of carbon black agglomerates when mixed with other materials. The dryer 160 may also include a centrifuge, retort screw, or other mixing chamber configured to mix the granules during the drying process to facilitate uniform drying throughout the granule assembly 195 within the dryer 160. However, the dryer 160 may dry the granule assembly 195 by any other suitable means. In a variation shown in FIGURE 9A, the dryer 160 may include a heating element interposed along a length of the dryer 160. A bed (e.g., a conveyor belt and / or a fluidized bed) may transport the pellet assembly 195 along the length of the dryer 160, wherein the heating elements increase the temperature of the pellet assembly 195 to induce evaporation of moisture from the pellet assembly 195. Alternatively, the dryer 160 may define an angle between a plane passing through a length of the dryer 160 and a horizontal plane (i.e., defined by the floor), as shown in FIGURE 9C.In this implementation, the dryer 160 can manipulate the angle to be less acute in order to increase the speed at which the granule assembly 195 moves along the length of the dryer 160, and more acute in order to decrease the speed at which the granule assembly 195 moves along the length of the dryer 160. Slower speeds correlate with a longer drying interval and, therefore, a lower moisture content. QChbnn / 1 7P7 / B / YILI high values ​​are correlated with a shorter drying interval and therefore with a higher moisture content, as shown in FIGURE 9B. Generally, dryer 160 can dry (e.g., induce moisture evaporation) the pellet assembly 195 to a specific moisture content (e.g., less than two percent moisture). However, due to varying environmental conditions, dryer 160 may repeatedly dry the pellet assembly 195 until it reaches a target moisture content. For example, dryer 160 may dry the pellet assembly 195 to a specific moisture content of less than two percent moisture. Additionally, system 100 can separate a high-moisture pellet assembly that exceeds the specific moisture content of the pellet assembly 195 by size and / or hardness sorting.System 100 can then return the high-moisture granules to mill 130, where mill 130 can grind the high-moisture granules into a powder. System 100 can then mix the powder with carbonaceous material 190 to granulate the powder and carbonaceous material 190. In one variation, system 100 can granulate and / or dry a granule assembly 195 after a prolonged storage period (e.g., one month) to reduce the moisture content that can be absorbed from the environment during extended storage due to exposure to ambient humidity, the inherent porosity of the recovered carbonaceous material particles, and / or the calcium content of the granules. In this implementation, the dryer can receive the granule assembly 195 and dry it to the desired moisture content a second time. Alternatively, the granule assembly 195 can be regranulated. In this implementation, system 100 can feed the granule assembly 195 back into mill 130, where mill 130 can grind the granules into a powder.The powder can be mixed with the volume of carbonaceous material 190 and then mixed with a binding agent inside the mixer 150 to form a new set of granules 195. The new set of granules 195 can be dried again to a particular moisture content. 3.6 Granule Classifier Additionally or alternatively, system 100 may include a (second) pellet classifier 170 configured to remove from pellet pool 195 a subset of pellets larger than a maximum pellet size. A conveyor may transport pellet pool 195 to a pellet classifier 170 (e.g., a grid or rotating classifying wheel) configured to separate oversized and undersized pellets from pellet pool 195. The pellet classifier 170 may identify, classify, and extract from the pellet pool a subset of pellets that are oversized (i.e., QChbnn / 1 7P7 / B / YILI larger than a predefined range of acceptable granule sizes) and / or undersized (i.e., smaller than the predefined range of acceptable granule sizes). The granule classifier 170 can return the oversized and undersized granules to a feed hopper of the mill 130, where the oversized and undersized granules will be re-milled and mixed with the volume of carbonaceous material 190 for further granulation, drying, and classification. Thus, the granule classifier 170 can be used to isolate granules of approximately uniform size (or shape or diameter) that the plant operators can then package and ship to customers for application. In one implementation, system 100 can remove from the granule set 195 a subset of granules 195 larger than the maximum granule size. In this implementation, the maximum granule size can be directly proportional to a maximum granule hardness, defined by a desired dispersion coefficient of the granule set 195 when mixed with a volume of rubber polymers and / or plastic polymers. Alternatively, the granule classifier 170 may remove a subset of granules smaller than the minimum granule size. The minimum granule size may be larger than the maximum particle size (e.g., 1 micrometer) of the carbonaceous material volume 190 and proportional to the particle size of a larger grade of carbon black in the set of virgin carbon black grades within the tire rubber segment volume 105. Additionally or alternatively, the 100 system can also include 180 dust collectors dispersed throughout the 100 system and configured to extract carbon black dust (i.e., fine dust or small particles) from the air within the 100 system and prevent blockages due to the accumulation of carbon black dust within the 100 system. The 180 dust collectors can function to reduce cleaning time for maintenance and extended operation of the 100 system. 5. Products System 100 can produce recovered carbon black granules, which can be ground, blended, and / or otherwise implemented in industrial applications, such as rubber compounds, plastic composition, and plastic pigmentation. Granule pool 195 includes carbonaceous agglomerates ranging from one to ten micrometers in size. These carbonaceous agglomerates can be blended with other materials to replace virgin carbon black agglomerates, such as N500, N700, and N900 grade carbon black. Typically, the granule pool includes a composition of carbonaceous material proportional to (and / or identical to) the volume of tire rubber segments that were pyrolyzed in the pyrolytic reactor 120. In particular, the tire pool selected for its QChbnn / 1 7P7 / B / YILI transformation in the volume of the carbonaceous material shows a direct effect on the carbonaceous (output) products produced by the system. Furthermore, System 100 can produce carbonaceous agglomerates exhibiting a particular surface chemistry or a surface area conducive to mixing and dispersion resulting from the volume composition of tire rubber segments extracted from the tire assembly in Block S110. For example, the carbonaceous agglomerates may show high nitrogen concentrations on their external surfaces. Therefore, the carbonaceous agglomerates may exhibit a high nitrogen surface area, indicating a particular bonding affinity between the carbonaceous agglomerates and other materials when used in rubber compounds. 6. Post-processing A tire typically includes natural and / or synthetic rubber, anti-degradation chemicals, curing agents, reinforcing fillers (e.g., carbon black and silica), fiberglass, steel wire, etc. As shown in Figures 2, 5, 6, and 8, tires can be recycled by separating the steel and various fibers from the tire rubber components and thermally decomposing the rubber components through vacuum tire pyrolysis. The products of tire pyrolysis of the rubber extracted from waste tires include aromatic-rich hydrocarbon oil, recovered (or pyrolytic) carbon black, gas, and steel wire. Recovered carbon black has a different morphology and chemical composition than virgin carbon black, which is produced from petroleum pyrolysis.Typically, recovered carbon black includes a mixture of hydrocarbons generated during the thermal decomposition of tire rubber and other contaminants derived from other materials added to tires (e.g., silica, zinc oxide, fiberglass). These contaminants can form ash and grit. Ash typically comprises the non-aqueous, non-gaseous material remaining after the incomplete combustion or thermal decomposition of a material; in this case, the incomplete decomposition of recycled rubber from waste tires. Ash may include inorganic materials such as zinc oxide, sulfur, calcium carbonate, metals, and so on. System 100 can implement a variation of the S100 method to reduce the effects of grit content in compounds that include mixtures of recovered carbon black (hereafter referred to as carbonaceous material 190), ash, and grit produced by pyrolysis of rubber extracted from recycled or scrap tires. Since grit and ash particles are generally larger and heavier than the carbonaceous material 190 aggregate, grit and ash can cause surface imperfections in the rubber and / or plastic produced from the carbonaceous material 190, ash, and grit mixture. For example, in rubber compounds developed for extrusion, grit and QChbnn / 1 7P7 / B / YILI other contaminants can induce surface imperfections such as pits, bumps and cracks, which can compromise or decrease the properties of the extruded rubber material (e.g. elastic limit, tensile strength and Young's modulus). As shown in FIGURES 13 and 14, a variation of the S100 method includes reducing the effects of grit and other contaminants in compounds comprising mixtures of carbonaceous material 190, ash, and grit. This variation involves reducing the introduction of inorganic materials into the compound by extracting or otherwise removing some of the inorganic materials from the mixture prior to blending. Typically, in the S100 method, a system 100 can wash the mixture of carbonaceous material 190, ash, and grit with dilute acid (e.g., sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid) in Block S191 of the S100 method to demineralize the mixture and thereby remove inorganic material from the mixture to form treated carbonaceous material 192 with a lower ash content. Next, system 100 can soak the treated carbonaceous material 192 in a neutralizing wash, such as water, in Block S193 of method S100.Alternatively, System 100 can wash the mixture of carbonaceous material 190, ash, and grit with a base (e.g., sodium hydroxide) to remove the remaining inorganic compounds from the mixture in Block S194 of Method S100 and form treated carbonaceous material 192 with a lower ash content. The acid and / or base serves to demineralize the mixture, thereby reducing the ash and grit content. System 100 can then soak the treated carbonaceous material 192 in a neutralizing wash, such as water, in Block S196 of Method S100. A variation of the S100 method for reducing the effects of grit and other contaminants in compounds comprising mixtures of carbonaceous material by volume 190, ash, and grit involves reducing the size of the grit and ash particles. As shown in Figure 9, this variation includes pulverizing and / or grinding the mixture of carbonaceous material by volume 190, ash, and grit in a jet and / or steam mill to reduce the overall particle size of the mixture and create a more uniform particle size distribution within the mixture, thus limiting surface aberrations due to differences in particle size.Additionally or alternatively, the 100 system may include an air classifier mill (hereinafter ACM), which works to separate large and heavy particles (e.g. grit and ash), thus limiting the introduction of large particles into the mixtures applied in rubber and plastic compounds and limiting surface aberrations due to differences in particle size. Another variation of the S100 method for reducing the effects of grit and other contaminants in compounds including mixtures, carbonaceous material volume 190, ash, and grit, involves altering the feedstock and pyrolysis operating parameters (acfrfrnn / Lznz / E / YiAi) to prevent the burning of tire-derived rubber, which promotes the production of ash and grit during the thermal decomposition of waste tire-derived rubber. Typically, by maintaining the operating temperature of the pyrolytic reactor 120 below a threshold temperature and increasing the residence time of the material within the pyrolytic reactor 120, the system limits the carbonization (i.e., ash production) of the material. Furthermore, System 100 can receive a volume of tire rubber (i.e., raw material) derived from a combination of various tire types (e.g., car, truck, and agricultural tires). System 100 can select the raw material to limit the production of grit and other contaminants during pyrolysis. Each tire type contains different materials and different percentages of those materials. Therefore, the composition of a mixture of carbonaceous material, grit, and ash derived from pyrolyzed rubber extracted from a car tire is different from that of a mixture of carbonaceous material, grit, and ash derived from pyrolyzed rubber extracted from a truck tire.For example, a mixture of carbonaceous material 190, grit, and ash derived from pyrolyzed rubber extracted from a car tire may have a lower ash content and fewer inorganic contaminants (e.g., sulfur or silica) than a mixture of carbonaceous material 190, grit, and ash derived from pyrolyzed rubber extracted from a truck tire. The 100 system can absorb a volume of tire rubber (i.e., raw material) derived from a particular combination of tire types to produce a specific mixture of carbonaceous material 190, grit, and ash, thereby limiting contaminants that can cause surface imperfections in rubber and / or plastic compounds.For example, the raw material may include rubber with approximately 60-85% rubber derived from car tires and approximately 15-40% rubber derived from truck tires to limit pitting in a rubber compound applied in a rubber extrusion application. However, the 100 system can reduce the effects of grit and other contaminants in compounds including mixtures, the volume of carbonaceous material 190, ash and grit by any other means or method. The System 100 described herein may also include any alternative or additional components or machinery configured to process recovered carbon black agglomerates of a particular size and / or shape, where such carbon black agglomerates exhibit particular material properties such as bonding affinity, dispersion efficiency, etc. The systems and methods of the forms of realization can be materialized and / or implemented, at least partially, as a machine configured to receive a computer-readable medium that stores computer-readable instructions. QChbnn / 1 7P7 / B / YILI instructions can be executed by computer-executable components embedded within the application, applet, host, server, network, website, communication service, communication interface, native application, frame, iframe, hardware / firmware / software elements of a user computer or mobile device, or any suitable combination thereof. Other systems and methods of embodiment can be materialized and / or implemented at least partially as a machine configured to receive a computer-readable medium that stores computer-readable instructions. The instructions can be executed by computer-executable components embedded within devices and networks of the type described above.The computer-readable medium can be stored on any suitable computer-readable medium, such as RAM, ROM, flash memory, EEPROM, optical media (CDs or DVDs), hard drives, floppy disk drives, or any other suitable device. The computer-executable component can be a processor, although any suitable dedicated hardware device can execute the instructions (alternatively or additionally). As a person skilled in the art will recognize from the foregoing detailed description and from the figures and claims, modifications and changes can be made to the foregoing embodiments of the invention without departing from the scope of this invention as defined in the following claims.

Claims

1. A method for converting tires into granulated recovered carbon black comprising: selecting a set of tires from a set of commercial vehicle tires and a set of passenger tires according to a specified tire ratio, wherein each commercial vehicle tire in the set of commercial vehicle tires comprises a first blend of rubber polymers, rubber additives and a first set of virgin carbon black grades, wherein each passenger tire in the set of passenger tires comprises a second blend of rubber polymers, rubber additives and a second set of virgin carbon black grades and wherein the first blend is distinct from the second blend; crushing the tire set into a volume of tire rubber segments;thermally depolymerizing the volume of tire rubber segments in a pyrolytic reactor, within an inert atmosphere, into a set of pyrolytic by-products comprising a volume of carbonaceous material, wherein the volume of carbonaceous material exhibits a recovered carbon surface activity defined by the combined properties of the first set of virgin carbon black grades and the second set of virgin carbon black grades; crushing the volume of carbonaceous material to reduce the agglomerate diameter within the volume of carbonaceous material to less than the maximum agglomerate diameter of the first set of carbon black grades and the second set of virgin carbon black grades; removing agglomerates larger than the maximum agglomerate diameter from the volume of carbonaceous material, as well as agglomerates smaller than a minimum agglomerate diameter;mixing the volume of carbonaceous material with a binding agent within a mixer during a first interval, wherein the mixer induces the formation of a set of granules of a range of granule diameters; and removing the first subset of granules from the granule set, wherein the first subset of granules is larger than the maximum granule size.

2. The method of Claim 1, wherein shredding the tire assembly QChbnn / 1 7P7 / B / YILI comprises: within a primary tire shredder, separating the tire rubber volume from a volume of steel wire and a volume of textile fiber within the tire assembly; and within a secondary tire shredder adjacent to the primary tire shredder, shredding the tire rubber volume into the tire rubber segment volume, wherein each tire rubber segment within the tire rubber segment volume comprises a desired surface area within a range of accepted surface areas configured to pyrolyze substantially uniformly into a volume of carbonaceous material, an oil volume, and a gas volume during thermal decomposition.

3. The method of Claim 1, wherein the thermal depolymerization of the bulk of tire rubber segments comprises thermally depolymerizing the bulk of tire rubber segments into the bulk of carbonaceous material comprising carbonaceous aggregate agglomerates, the carbonaceous aggregate agglomerates defining a matrix structure of organic and inorganic materials, wherein: the organic materials are derived from the first set of virgin carbon black grades and the second set of virgin carbon black grades, and the inorganic materials comprise a set of rubber additives extracted from the first mixture and the second mixture.

4. The method of Claim 3, wherein the selection of the tire assembly comprises selecting the selected tire assembly from the group consisting of one of an agricultural tire assembly, the commercial vehicle tire assembly, and the passenger tire assembly according to the specified tire ratio, wherein the specified tire ratio corresponds to a threshold percentage of inorganic materials within the volume of carbonaceous material.

5. The method of Claim 4, wherein the selection of the tire assembly comprises selecting the tire assembly according to the specified tire proportion that defines a threshold percentage of sulfur by weight within the volume of carbonaceous material, wherein the threshold percentage of sulfur is less than twenty percent.

6. The method of Claim 1, further comprising drying the granule assembly within a dryer to a particular moisture content defined as less than two percent moisture by weight.

7. The method of Claim 6, further comprising: separating a set of high moisture content granules exceeding the particular moisture content of the granule set; grinding the high moisture content granule set into a powder; and mixing the powder within the mixer with the volume of carbonaceous material.

8. The method of Claim 1, wherein the removal of the first subset of granules from the granule set comprises removing the first subset of granules larger than the maximum granule size from the granule set, wherein the maximum granule size is proportional to a maximum granule hardness defined by a desired dispersion coefficient of the granule set when mixed with a volume of rubber polymer.

9. The method of Claim 1, further comprising removing a second subset of granules smaller than a minimum granule size from the granule set, wherein the minimum granule size is greater than a maximum carbon particle size in the volume of carbonaceous material, the maximum particle size being proportional to the particle size of a larger grade of carbon black in the first set of virgin carbon black grades and the second set of virgin carbon black grades.

10. A method for converting tires into granulated recovered carbon black comprising: crushing a set of tires into a volume of tire rubber segments, wherein the tire set is selected from a group consisting of agricultural tires, commercial vehicle tires, and passenger tires according to a specified tire proportion; thermally depolymerizing the volume of tire rubber segments in a pyrolytic reactor, within an inert atmosphere, into a set of pyrolytic byproducts comprising a volume of carbonaceous material exhibiting properties composed of grades of virgin carbon black extracted from the tire set; within a granulation system: crushing the volume of carbonaceous material to reduce the diameter of an agglomerate within the volume of carbonaceous material to less than a maximum agglomerate diameter; within a mixer: spraying the volume of carbonaceous material with a binder;and mixing the volume of carbonaceous material during a first interval, wherein the mixer induces the formation of a pellet set of a range of pellet diameters, the first interval being defined by a feed rate of a retort within the mixer and a length of the mixer; drying the pellet set within a dryer to a particular moisture content during a second interval defined by a rate at which the pellet set moves along the length of the dryer and an operating temperature of the dryer, wherein the rate at which the pellet set moves along the length of the dryer is defined by an angle between a plane of the length of the dryer and a horizontal plane; removing from the pellet set a first subset of pellets larger than the maximum pellet size.

11. The method of Claim 12, wherein drying the granule assembly within the dryer comprises heating the granule assembly to the operating temperature to induce evaporation of moisture within the granule assembly to less than two percent moisture content.

12. The method of Claim 12, wherein the removal of the first subset of granules larger than the maximum granule size comprises removing the first subset of granules larger than the maximum granule size, wherein the maximum granule size is proportional to a maximum granule hardness defined by a desired dispersion coefficient of the granule set when mixed with a volume of rubber polymer.

13. The method of Claim 12, further comprising removing a second subset of granules from the granule set, wherein the second subset of granules is smaller than a minimum granule size and exceeds a maximum carbon particle size of the carbon particles within the volume of carbonaceous material, the maximum carbon particle size being defined by a particle size of a higher grade of carbon black in a set of grades of virgin carbon black within the volume of tire rubber.

14. The method of Claim 13, further comprising supplying the volume of carbonaceous material to a magnetic separator configured to extract metallic debris from the volume of carbonaceous material to reduce the inorganic content of the volume of carbonaceous material, wherein the metallic debris is derived from the steel wire within the wheel assembly.