DEVICE AND METHOD FOR THE SAFE STORAGE OF ALUMINUM WASTE.

Abstract

This disclosure discloses a device and method for the safe storage of aluminum waste. The device includes: a drying vessel, wherein a side wall of the drying vessel is provided with a first air inlet pipe and a first air outlet pipe, the first air inlet pipe being connected to a first drying blower, and the first air outlet pipe being sequentially connected to a deacidifier, a dehydrogenator, and a first exhaust fan along an airflow direction thereof; and a storage vessel located below the drying vessel, wherein a feed inlet of the storage vessel is connected to a discharge outlet of the drying vessel via a screw conveyor, a side wall of the storage vessel being provided with a second air inlet pipe and a second air outlet pipe.The second air inlet pipe is connected to a second drying blower, and one end of the second air inlet pipe can be connected to an inert gas cylinder. The entire safe storage process described herein is divided into a drying stage and a storage stage, so that unsafe factors in drying and storage are well controlled separately, which can effectively prevent the release of heat from aluminum hydrolysis and flammable and explosive accidents, thus improving the safety of aluminum waste storage.

Description

Device and method for safely storing aluminum slag Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aluminum slag storage, and in particular to a device and method for safely storing aluminum slag. Background Art

[0002] Lithium batteries are widely used in electric vehicles, electronic products, power storage and other fields. In particular, the rapid development of my country's important new energy vehicle industry has led to an increasing demand for lithium batteries. In the production process of lithium batteries, a large amount of battery positive electrode scraps are generated. The positive electrode scraps include aluminum-based current collectors, LiNi-based a Co b Mn c It is composed of active substances mainly composed of O2 (a+b+c=1, a, b, c are between 0 and 1), binders, conductive agents and other substances. Among them, metals with potential recycling value include nickel, cobalt, lithium, aluminum, manganese, etc.

[0003] The scraps of waste positive electrode sheets will be separated and recycled to obtain granular aluminum slag in a series of operations such as coarse crushing, physical screening, and fine crushing. Compared with the aluminum slag produced in the aluminum smelting industry, which is usually mainly composed of metallic aluminum and metal oxides of aluminum, magnesium, calcium, silicon, etc., the aluminum slag produced in the recycling process of waste positive electrode sheet scraps is mainly composed of aluminum and aluminum oxide, with binders, etc.; because the recycling process includes crushing, sulfuric acid pickling, and water washing, the particle size of the aluminum slag particles produced is different, there is residual sulfuric acid, and the water content is high. During the storage process of aluminum slag, considering that the fine-grained aluminum slag has a large specific surface area, it is easy to react with water and residual sulfuric acid to produce heat and hydrogen, resulting in flammable and explosive accidents. The principle of the reaction of aluminum with water and acid to produce combustion and explosion is as follows:

[0004] 6Al+6H2O=6Al(OH)3+3H2↑

[0005] 2Al+6H + =2Al 3+ +3H2↑

[0006] 2H2+O2=2H2O+4.84×10 4 kJ / mol (reaction is very rapid)

[0007] Therefore, when storing aluminum slag in the positive electrode scrap recycling process, it is necessary to consider the dangers caused by residual sulfuric acid and water in the aluminum slag and the size of the aluminum slag particles.

[0008] Summary of the Invention

[0009] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention provides a device and method for safely storing aluminum slag, which can effectively prevent the generation of heat from aluminum hydrolysis and the occurrence of flammable and explosive accidents, thereby improving the safety of aluminum slag storage.

[0010] According to a first embodiment of the present invention, a device for safely storing aluminum slag includes:

[0011] A drying chamber, wherein a first air inlet pipe and a first air outlet pipe are provided on the side wall of the drying chamber, the first air inlet pipe is connected to a first drying fan, and the first air outlet pipe is sequentially connected to a deacidifier, a dehydrogenator and a first exhaust fan along its air flow direction;

[0012] The storage bin is located below the drying bin, and the feed port of the storage bin is connected to the discharge port of the drying bin through a screw conveyor. The side wall of the storage bin is provided with a second air inlet pipe and a second air outlet pipe, and the second air inlet pipe is connected to a second drying fan. The end of the second air inlet pipe can be connected to an inert gas bottle, and the second air outlet pipe is connected to a dryer and a second exhaust fan in sequence along its air flow direction.

[0013] The device for safely storing aluminum slag according to the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. Compared with the traditional method of using slag troughs to dry and store aluminum slag in the open air, the present invention uses air drying under closed conditions to dry the aluminum slag. The entire safe storage process is divided into a drying stage and a storage stage. The unsafe factors in drying and storage are well controlled separately, reducing the impact of unsafe factors in the entire storage process. The acidic gas, hydrogen, and water vapor generated in the drying stage are extracted and dried, solving the problem of acidic gas polluting the environment and hydrogen causing explosion risks during the entire storage process, and realizing a green, environmentally friendly, safe, low-cost and pollution-free storage process.

[0015] 2. Unlike traditional conveyors and forklifts for transporting aluminum slag, the present invention uses a screw conveyor to push the dried aluminum slag to the storage bin. By slowing down the conveyor speed, the violent impact of the aluminum slag during transportation is avoided, making the entire process continuous, safe and controllable.

[0016] 3. The device for safely storing aluminum slag provided by the present invention solves the current situation of manual loading, transportation and unloading, and the connection between each processing stage is compact, occupies little space, greatly reduces the transfer energy consumption, improves storage efficiency and reduces production costs.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the drying bin and / or the storage bin is connected to an anti-static grounding device, which can effectively eliminate the impact of static electricity on the aluminum slag storage process and eliminate danger.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the feed inlet of the drying bin is located at the top of the drying bin, and a first activation hopper is installed at the feed inlet of the drying bin. The first activation hopper is used to assist the flow of the aluminum slag by vibration when it is fed into the drying bin.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a second activation hopper is further connected between the discharge port of the drying bin and the feed port of the screw conveyor. The second activation hopper can assist the flow of the aluminum slag by vibration when the aluminum slag is discharged from the drying bin.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a first static isolation ring is connected between the feed inlet of the second activation hopper and the discharge outlet of the drying bin. The first static isolation ring is a rubber isolation ring containing an antistatic agent. The first static isolation ring is used to connect the drying bin and the second activation hopper to prevent them from contacting each other. The static isolation ring has the ability to insulate / isolate static electricity transferred between the two objects, effectively eliminating the impact of static electricity on the aluminum slag storage process and eliminating hazards.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a first gate valve is further provided between the discharge port of the second activation hopper and the feed port of the screw conveyor. The first gate valve can effectively isolate the materials in the drying bin and the storage bin.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the discharge port of the storage bin is connected, from top to bottom, to a second electrostatic isolator, a third activation hopper, and a second gate valve. The second electrostatic isolator is used to eliminate the impact of static electricity in the storage bin on the aluminum slag storage process, eliminating hazards. The third activation hopper vibrates to aid flow during the discharge of aluminum slag from the storage bin. The second gate valve effectively prevents material leakage from the storage bin.

[0023] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the drying bin and / or the storage bin is equipped with at least one of a level meter, a hydrogen meter, or a thermo-hygrometer. The level meter is used to monitor the amount of aluminum slag stored in the bin. The hydrogen meter is used to monitor the hydrogen concentration in the bin. The thermo-hygrometer is used to monitor the dryness, humidity, and temperature in the bin.

[0024] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a method for safely storing aluminum slag is provided, wherein the method is performed using the device for safely storing aluminum slag, and comprises the following steps:

[0025] S1. The aluminum slag is stored in the drying chamber, and the valve of the first air inlet pipe, the valve of the first air outlet pipe, the first exhaust fan and the first drying fan are opened in sequence, and the aluminum slag is dried in the drying chamber;

[0026] S2. After drying is completed, in the case of continuous dry air in the drying chamber, open the screw conveyor to control the aluminum slag to be slowly transported to the storage bin;

[0027] S3. After the feeding is completed, open the valve of the second air outlet pipe, the valve of the second air inlet pipe, the second drying fan, and the second exhaust fan. When the environment in the storage bin meets the storage conditions, close the second exhaust fan, the second drying fan, the valve of the second air outlet pipe, and the valve of the second air inlet pipe in sequence. The aluminum slag can then be safely stored.

[0028] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in step S1, the air volume generated by the first drying fan is 3-50m 3 / min, the drying time is 10-72h.

[0029] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in step S2, the conditions for completing drying are: when no drying gas is passed and the valve of the first gas outlet pipe and the valve of the first gas inlet pipe are closed, after the drying chamber stabilizes, the relative humidity in the drying chamber is 12.0-20%, the temperature is the room temperature outside the storage chamber, and the hydrogen concentration is 0.01-0.05% VOL.

[0030] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in step S2, the conveying capacity of the screw conveyor is 0.5-2 t / h.

[0031] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, the storage conditions are: there is no hydrogen in the storage bin, the relative humidity is 12.0-20%, and the temperature is the room temperature outside the storage bin.

[0032] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0034] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure numerals: drying bin 100, first activation hopper 110, first air inlet pipe 120, first drying fan 121, first air outlet pipe 130, deacidifier 131, dehydrogenator 132, first exhaust fan 133, first level meter 140, first hydrogen meter 150, first thermo-hygrometer 160, first anti-static grounding device 170, first electrostatic isolation ring 180, second activation hopper 181, first gate valve 182, screw conveyor 183, storage bin 200, butterfly valve 210, second air inlet pipe 220, second drying fan 221, inert gas bottle 222, second air outlet pipe 230, dryer 231, second exhaust fan 232, second level meter 240, second hydrogen meter 250, second thermo-hygrometer 260, second anti-static grounding device 270, second electrostatic isolation ring 280, third activation hopper 281, second gate valve 282. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0037] Referring to FIG1 , a device for safely storing aluminum slag includes:

[0038] The drying chamber 100 has a feed port located at the top thereof, a first activation hopper 110 is installed at the feed port of the drying chamber 100, a first air inlet pipe 120 and a first air outlet pipe 130 are provided on the side wall of the drying chamber 100, the first air inlet pipe 120 is located in the middle and lower part of the drying chamber 100, the first air outlet pipe 130 is located in the middle and upper part of the drying chamber 100, the first air inlet pipe 120 is connected to a first drying fan 121, and the first air outlet pipe 130 is provided with a first air inlet pipe 120 in sequence along the air flow direction thereof. There is a deacidifier 131, a dehydrogenator 132 and a first exhaust fan 133. The first air inlet pipe 120 and the first air outlet pipe 130 are both provided with a barometer. The drying chamber 100 is also provided with a first material level meter 140, a first hydrogen meter 150 and a first thermometer and hygrometer 160. The drying chamber 100 is connected to a first anti-static grounding device 170. The discharge port of the drying chamber 100 is connected to a first electrostatic isolation ring 180, a second activation hopper 181 and a first gate valve 182 in order from top to bottom;

[0039] The storage bin 200 is located below the drying bin 100. The feed port of the storage bin 200 is connected to the discharge port of the drying bin 100 through a screw conveyor 183. The feed port of the storage bin 200 is also provided with a butterfly valve 210. The side wall of the storage bin 200 is provided with a second air inlet pipe 220 and a second air outlet pipe 230. The second air inlet pipe 220 is located in the middle and lower part of the storage bin 200, and the second air outlet pipe 230 is located in the middle and upper part of the storage bin 200. The second air inlet pipe 220 is connected to a second drying fan 221. The end of the second air inlet pipe 220 is connected to the second drying fan 221. The inert gas bottle 222 is connected, and the second air outlet pipe 230 is connected to the dryer 231 and the second exhaust fan 232 in sequence along its air flow direction. The second air inlet pipe 220 and the second air outlet pipe 230 are both provided with a pressure gauge. The storage bin 200 is also provided with a second level meter 240, a second hydrogen meter 250 and a second thermometer and hygrometer 260. The storage bin 200 is connected to a second anti-static grounding device 270. The discharge port of the drying bin 100 is connected to the second electrostatic isolation ring 280, the third activation hopper 281 and the second gate valve 282 from top to bottom.

[0040] A method for safely storing aluminum slag is performed using the above-mentioned device for safely storing aluminum slag, and specifically comprises the following steps:

[0041] S1. Open the first activation hopper 110, store about 13t of aluminum slag generated during the recycling of waste positive electrode sheets into the drying chamber 100, and sequentially open the valve of the first air inlet pipe 120, the valve of the first air outlet pipe 130, the first exhaust fan 133 and the first drying fan 121. The air volume generated by the drying fan is 5m 3 / min, the aluminum slag is dried in the drying chamber 100 for about 28h;

[0042] S2. The drying degree in the drying chamber 100 is monitored using the first hydrogen detector 150 and the first thermohygrometer 160. After 28 hours of drying, when no drying gas is flowing, the valves of the first outlet pipe 130 and the first inlet pipe 120 are closed, and the drying chamber 100 stabilizes, the relative humidity in the drying chamber 100 is 12.3%, the temperature is 28°C (the room temperature outside the storage chamber 200), and the hydrogen concentration is 0.02% VOL. These values ​​remain unchanged, indicating that the aluminum slag is dried.

[0043] S3. Upon completion of drying the aluminum slag in step S2, while maintaining dry air flow through the drying chamber 100, sequentially open the second activation hopper 181, first gate valve 182, butterfly valve 210, and screw conveyor 183 to slowly convey the aluminum slag to the storage chamber 200. The screw conveyor 183 is controlled to deliver 0.8 t / h of aluminum slag. Simultaneously, the second level meter 240 in the storage chamber 200 monitors the amount of aluminum slag being fed into the storage chamber 200.

[0044] After the feeding is completed, the butterfly valve 210 is closed, the valve of the second outlet pipe 230 and the valve of the second inlet pipe 220 are opened, the second inlet pipe 220 is connected to the argon gas cylinder, the second drying fan 221 and the second exhaust fan 232. After the second hydrogen detector 250 indicates that no hydrogen is detected and the second thermohygrometer 260 measures the relative humidity of the storage bin 200 at 12.5%, which is the room temperature outside the storage bin 200, and the storage bin 200 is filled with argon, the second exhaust fan 232, the second drying fan 221, the valve of the second outlet pipe 230 and the valve of the second inlet pipe 220 are closed in sequence, and the second inlet pipe 220 is disconnected from the argon gas cylinder. The aluminum slag can then be safely stored.

[0045] S5. When the storage bin 200 needs to be discharged, the second air inlet pipe 220 is connected to the argon gas bottle, and the second exhaust fan 232, the second drying fan 221, the valve of the second air outlet pipe 230, and the valve of the second air inlet pipe 220 are opened in sequence, and the third activation hopper 281 and the second gate valve 282 are opened to discharge the material.

[0046] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by ordinary technicians in the technical field without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for safely storing aluminum slag, characterized in that: include: A drying chamber, wherein a first air inlet pipe and a first air outlet pipe are provided on the side wall of the drying chamber, the first air inlet pipe is connected to a first drying fan, and the first air outlet pipe is sequentially connected to a deacidifier, a dehydrogenator and a first exhaust fan along its air flow direction; The storage bin is located below the drying bin, and the feed port of the storage bin is connected to the discharge port of the drying bin through a screw conveyor. The side wall of the storage bin is provided with a second air inlet pipe and a second air outlet pipe, and the second air inlet pipe is connected to a second drying fan. The end of the second air inlet pipe can be connected to an inert gas bottle, and the second air outlet pipe is connected to a dryer and a second exhaust fan in sequence along its air flow direction.

2. The device for safely storing aluminum slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying bin and / or the storage bin are connected to an anti-static grounding device.

3. The device for safely storing aluminum slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed inlet of the drying bin is located at the top of the drying bin, and a first activation hopper is installed at the feed inlet of the drying bin.

4. The device for safely storing aluminum slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second activation hopper is also connected between the discharge port of the drying bin and the feed port of the screw conveyor.

5. The device for safely storing aluminum slag according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first electrostatic isolation ring is connected between the feed port of the second activation hopper and the discharge port of the drying bin. The first electrostatic isolation ring is a rubber isolation ring containing an antistatic agent.

6. The device for safely storing aluminum slag according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first gate valve is further provided between the discharge port of the second activation hopper and the feed port of the screw conveyor.

7. The device for safely storing aluminum slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge port of the storage bin is connected to a second electrostatic isolation ring, a third activation hopper and a second gate valve in sequence from top to bottom.

8. The device for safely storing aluminum slag according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drying bin and / or the storage bin is provided with at least one of a material level meter, a hydrogen meter or a thermometer and humidity meter.

9. A method for safely storing aluminum slag, characterized in that: The method is carried out using the device for safely storing aluminum slag according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps: S1. The aluminum slag is stored in the drying chamber, and the valve of the first air inlet pipe, the valve of the first air outlet pipe, the first exhaust fan and the first drying fan are sequentially opened, and the aluminum slag is dried in the drying chamber; S2. After drying is completed, in the case of continuous dry air in the drying chamber, open the screw conveyor to control the aluminum slag to be slowly transported to the storage bin; S3. After the feeding is completed, open the valve of the second air outlet pipe, the valve of the second air inlet pipe, the second drying fan and the second exhaust fan. When the environment in the storage bin reaches the storage conditions, close the second exhaust fan, the second drying fan, the valve of the second air outlet pipe and the valve of the second air inlet pipe in sequence. The aluminum slag can then be safely stored.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that In step S1, the air volume generated by the first drying fan is 3-50m 3 / min, and the drying time is 10-72h; in step S2, the conditions for completing the drying are: when the drying gas is not passed, the valve of the first air outlet pipe and the valve of the first air inlet pipe are closed, and after the drying chamber stabilizes, the relative humidity in the drying chamber is 12.0-20%, the temperature is the room temperature outside the storage chamber, and the hydrogen concentration is 0.01-0.05% Vol.; in step S2, the conveying capacity of the screw conveyor is 0.5-2t / h; in step S3, the storage conditions are: there is no hydrogen in the storage chamber, the relative humidity is 12.0-20%, and the temperature is the room temperature outside the storage chamber.

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