ORAL CARE COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING BETA HOPPING ACID AND AMINO ACID

Abstract

Oral care compositions with an anticaries effect. Oral care compositions containing one or more hop beta acids, such as from an extract of a species of the Humulus family, and one or more amino acids. Oral care compositions containing one or more amino acids and an extract of Humulus lupulus. Methods of using the described compositions to alter the biofilm in the oral cavity of a patient requiring treatment.

Description

ORAL CARE COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING HOPPING BETA ACID AND AMINO ACID FIELD OF INVENTION The present invention relates to compositions with enhanced anticaries and / or antibacterial activity. The present invention also relates to compositions comprising one or more hop beta acids, such as an extract of Humulus lupulus, and one or more amino acids, such as glycine. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Oral care compositions, such as toothpaste and / or dentifrices, can be applied to the oral cavity to clean and / or maintain the aesthetics and / or health of the teeth, gums, and / or tongue. In addition, many oral care compositions are used to deliver active ingredients directly to oral care surfaces. However, delivering active ingredients to the biofilm can be challenging. A biofilm is a collection of one or more types of microorganisms that can grow on many different surfaces. A common example of a biofilm is dental plaque, which is an accumulation of bacteria that forms on surfaces inside the oral cavity. Initially, dental plaque is a colorless deposit, but once tartar forms, it is often brown or pale yellow. Tartar is a hard, calcified deposit that forms from the precipitation of minerals onto the biofilm, which serves as a rough surface that can harbor the formation of additional biofilms. This is known as calculus buildup. Calculus formation is associated with several clinical manifestations, including bad breath, receding gums, and chronic gum inflammation. Brushing and flossing can remove the plaque from which calculus forms; however, once formed, calculus is too firmly attached to be removed with a toothbrush, as dental plaque biofilm communities are extremely resistant to external chemical and physical disturbances. As such, there is a need for oral care compositions that can penetrate the biofilm to deliver active agents. QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present description describes an oral care composition comprising: (a) from approximately 0.01% to approximately 10%, by weight of the composition, of beta hop acid; and (b) from approximately 0.01% to approximately 10%, by weight of the composition, of amino acid. The present description also describes a method for altering a dental biofilm in the oral cavity of a patient having dental biofilm in the oral cavity comprising applying an oral care composition to the dental biofilm, wherein the oral care composition comprises: (a) from approximately 0.01% to approximately 10%, by weight of the composition, of beta hop acid, and (b) from approximately 0.01% to approximately 10%, by weight of the composition, of amino acid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Figure 1 shows a photograph of the EPS thickness of in situ biofilm treated with (from top to bottom) Ex. 1, Ex. 2, Ex. 3 and Ex. 4. Figure 2 shows a buccal splint with hydroxyapatite discs. Figure 3 shows a hydroxyapatite disk that has grooves. Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the slots. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to oral care compositions that can penetrate, alter, and / or destabilize dental biofilm. Furthermore, the present invention relates to oral care compositions comprising one or more beta-hop acids and an amino acid. The described compositions can lead to the alteration and / or destabilization of the dental biofilm architecture, which is achieved through the use of an amino acid, such as glycine. Moreover, the destabilized biofilm allows for improved penetration of ingredients to modulate bacterial metabolites and toxins, as seen in the enhanced penetration of tin and the neutralization of LPS with the addition of glycine. Without wishing to be limited by theory, it is believed that the effect of altering the biofilm architecture can result in a reduction in biofilm thickness, which may reduce the quantity and effects of bacteria and their metabolites. QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi Definitions To clarify the terms used in this description, the following definitions are provided. Unless otherwise stated, the following definitions apply to this description. If a term is used in this description but not specifically defined herein, the definition in the IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd Edition (1997), may be applied, provided that such definition does not contradict any other description or definition applied herein or result in a claim to which that definition applies being ambiguous or invalidated. The term “oral care composition,” as used herein, includes a product that, in the normal course of use, is not intentionally ingested for the purpose of systemic administration of particular therapeutic agents, but is retained in the oral cavity for a time sufficient to come into contact with the dental surfaces or oral tissues. Examples of oral care compositions include toothpaste, dental gel, subgingival gel, mouthwash, modeling foam, foam, oral spray, lozenges, chewable tablets, chewing gum, whitening strips, dental floss and floss coatings, soluble breath-freshening strips, or denture care products or denture adhesives. Oral care compositions may also be incorporated into strips or films for direct application or by means of bonding to oral surfaces. The “active ingredients and other useful ingredients” in the present invention may be categorized or described herein by their cosmetic and / or therapeutic benefit or by their postulated mode of action or function. However, it should be understood that the active ingredient and other useful ingredients in the present invention may, in some cases, provide more than one cosmetic and / or therapeutic function or benefit or may act by more than one mode of action. Therefore, the classifications in herein are made for convenience and are not intended to limit an ingredient to the particularly indicated function(s) or activities listed. The term “orally acceptable carrier” comprises one or more compatible solid or liquid diluents or excipients suitable for oral and topical administration. “Compatible,” as used herein, means that the components of the composition are capable of mixing without interacting in a manner that substantially reduces the stability and / or efficacy of the composition. QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi The term “substantially free” as used in the present description refers to the presence of not more than 0.05%, preferably not more than 0.01%, and most preferably not more than 0.001%, of a specified material in a composition, by total weight of such composition. The term “essentially free” as used herein means that the material indicated is not deliberately added to the composition, or preferably is not present at analytically detectable levels. This means that it includes compositions in which the material indicated is present only as an impurity in one of the other deliberately added materials. Although the compositions and methods are described in this description in terms of “comprising” various components or steps, the compositions and methods may also “consist essentially of” or “consist of” the various components or steps, unless otherwise stated. As used in the present description, the word “or”, when used as a connector of two or more items, includes the items individually and combined with each other; for example, X or Y means X or Y or both. As used in the present description, the articles “a” and “an” are understood to mean one or more of the material being claimed or described, for example, “an oral care composition” or “a bleaching agent”. All measurements mentioned in this description are made at approximately 23°C (i.e., room temperature), unless otherwise specified. Generally, groups of elements are indicated using the numbering scheme shown in the version of the periodic table of elements published in Chemical and Engineering News, 63(5), 27, 1985. In some cases, a group of elements may be indicated using a common name assigned to the group; for example, alkali metals for the elements in Group 1, alkaline earth metals for the elements in Group 2, etc. The present invention describes several types of ranges. When describing or claiming a range of any type, the intention is to describe or claim individually every possible number that such range may reasonably encompass, including the ends of the range, as well as any subranges and combinations of subranges included therein. The term “approximately” means that the quantities, sizes, formulations, parameters, and other figures and characteristics are not and do not have to be QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi are exact, but may be approximate and / or larger or smaller, as desired, reflecting tolerances, conversion factors, rounding, measurement errors, and the like, and other factors known to those skilled in the art. Generally, a quantity, size, formulation, parameter, or other figure or characteristic is “approximate” or “nearly” whether expressly stated or not. The term “approximately” also encompasses quantities that differ due to different equilibrium conditions of a composition resulting from a particular starting mixture. Whether or not modified by the term “approximately,” the claims include equivalent quantities. The term “approximately” may mean within 10% of the documented numerical value, preferably within 5% of the documented numerical value. Oral care compositions may be in any suitable form, such as a solid, liquid, powder, paste, or combinations thereof. Oral care compositions may include toothpaste, dental gel, subgingival gel, mouthwash, dental mousse, foam, oral spray, lozenges, chewable tablets, chewing gum, teeth whitening strips, dental floss and floss coatings, soluble breath-freshening strips, denture care products, or denture adhesives. The components of a toothpaste composition may be incorporated into a film, strip, foam, or fiber-based toothpaste composition.The oral care composition may include a variety of active and inactive ingredients, such as, for example, but not limited to, a hop extract, a source of tin ions, a source of calcium ions, water, a source of fluoride ions, a source of zinc ions, one or more polyphosphates, humectants, surfactants, other ingredients, and the like, as well as any combination of these, as described below. The section headings below are provided for organizational and convenience purposes only. These headings do not imply that a compound cannot belong to more than one section. In fact, compounds can belong to more than one section. For example, stannous chloride can be a source of tin ions and a biofilm modifier, stannous fluoride can be a source of tin ions and a source of fluoride ions, glycine can be an amino acid, a buffering agent, and / or a biofilm modifier, among many other compounds that may fit into several categories and / or sections. Humulus lupulus The oral care compositions of the present invention comprise at least one hop compound of Formula I and / or Formula IV. The compound of Formula I and / or Formula IV, QC / enn / zznz / E / YiAi, may be provided by any suitable source, such as an extract of Humulus lupulus or hops, Humulus lupulus itself, a synthetically derived compound and / or salts, prodrugs, or other analogues thereof. The hop extract may comprise one or more hop alpha acids, one or more hop iso-alpha acids, one or more hop beta acids, one or more hop oils, one or more flavonoids, one or more solvents, and / or water. Suitable hop alpha acids (shown generically in Formula I) may include humulone (Formula II), adhumulone, cohumulone, posthumulone, prehumulone, and / or mixtures thereof. Suitable hop iso-alpha acids may include c / s-isohumulone and / or trans-isohumulone. The isomerization of humulone to cis-isohumulone and trans-isohumulone can be represented by Formula III. QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi Formula I. Alpha acids of hops. A is the acidic hydroxyl functional group in the alpha position, B are the acidic hydroxyl functional groups in the beta position, and R is an alkyl functional group. Formula II. Humulone Formula III. Isomerization of humulone to isohumulone. QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi Suitable hop beta acids may include lupulone, adlupulone, colupulone, and / or mixtures thereof. A suitable hop beta acid may include a compound as described in Formulas IV, V, VI, and / or VII. Formula IV. Hop beta acids. B are the acidic hydroxyl functional groups in the beta position and R is an alkyl functional group. QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi Formula VI. Adlupulone Formula Vile. Colupulone While hop alpha acids may exhibit some antibacterial activity, they also have a bitter taste. The bitterness provided by hop alpha acids may be suitable for beer, but it is not appropriate for use in oral care formulations. Conversely, hop beta acids may be associated with greater antibacterial and / or anticaries activity, but not with such a bitter taste. Therefore, a hop extract with a higher ratio of beta to alpha acids than those typically found in nature may be suitable for use in oral care formulations as an antibacterial and / or anticaries agent. A natural hop source may comprise from approximately 2% to approximately 12%, by weight of the hop source, of hop beta acids, depending on the hop variety. Hop extracts used in other contexts, such as in brewing, may comprise from approximately 15% to approximately 35%, by weight of the extract, of hop beta acids. The hop extract desired in the present description may comprise at least approximately 35%, at least approximately 40%, at least approximately 45%, from approximately 35% to approximately 95%, from approximately 40% to approximately 90%, or from approximately 45% to approximately 99% of hop beta acids. The hop beta acids may be in acidic form (i.e., with hydrogen atom(s) bonded to the hydroxyl functional group(s)) or in salt form. A suitable hop extract is described in detail in U.S. Patent No. 7,910,140, ​​which is incorporated herein by reference. The desired hop beta acids may be unhydrogenated, partially hydrogenated by a chemical reaction of non-natural origin, or hydrogenated by a chemical reaction of non-natural origin. The hop beta acid may be essentially free or substantially free of hydrogenated hop beta acid and / or hop acid. A chemical reaction of non-natural origin is a chemical reaction that was carried out with the aid of a chemical compound not found in Humulus lupulus, such as a chemical hydrogenation reaction carried out with intense heat that Humulus lupulus does not normally experience in nature and / or a metallic catalyst. A natural hop source may comprise from approximately 2% to approximately 12%, by weight of the hop source, of hop alpha acids. Hop extracts used in other contexts, such as in brewing, may comprise from approximately 15% to approximately 35%, by weight of the extract, of hop alpha acids. The desired hop extract of the present description may comprise less than 10%, less than 5%, less than 1%, or less than 0.5%, by weight of the extract, of hop alpha acids. QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi Hop oils may include terpene hydrocarbons, such as myrcene, humulene, caryophyllene, and / or mixtures thereof. The desired hop extract of the present description may comprise less than 5%, less than 2.5%, or less than 2%, by weight of extract, of one or more hop oils. The flavonoids present in hop extract may include xanthohumol, 8-prenylnaringenin, isoxanthohumol, and / or mixtures thereof. Hop extract may be substantially free of, essentially free of, or contain less than 250 ppm, less than 150 ppm, and / or less than 100 ppm of one or more flavonoids. As described in U.S. Patent No. 5,370,863, hop acids have previously been added to oral care compositions. However, the oral care compositions shown in U.S. Patent No. 5,370,863 only included up to 0.01% by weight of the oral care composition. Without wishing to be limited by theory, it is believed that U.S. Patent No. 5,370,863 could only incorporate a low amount of hop acids due to the bitterness of alpha hop acids. A hop extract with a low level of alpha hop acids would not have this problem. Hop compounds may be combined with or free of an extract from another plant, such as a species of the genus Magnolia. Hop compounds may be combined with or free of triclosan. The oral care composition may comprise from approximately 0.01% to approximately 10%, more than 0.01% to approximately 10%, from approximately 0.05% to approximately 10%, from approximately 0.1% to approximately 10%, from approximately 0.2% to approximately 10%, from approximately 0.2% to approximately 10%, from approximately 0.2% to approximately 5%, from approximately 0.25% to approximately 2%, from approximately 0.05% to approximately 2%, or more than 0.25% to approximately 2%, of beta hop acid, as described herein. The beta hop acids may be provided by a suitable hop extract, the hop plant itself, or a synthetically derived compound. Hop beta acid can be supplied as neutral acid compounds and / or as salts with a suitable counterion, such as sodium, potassium, ammonia, or any other suitable counterion. Hop beta-acid may be provided by a hop extract, such as an extract of Humulus lupulus containing at least 35% by weight of the extract of hop beta-acid and less than 1% by weight of the hop extract of hop alpha-acid. The oral care composition may comprise 0.01% to approximately 10%, more than 0.01% to approximately 10%, or approximately 0.05% to approximately 10%. QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi %, from approximately 0.1% to approximately 10%, from approximately 0.2% to approximately 10%, from approximately 0.2% to approximately 10%, from approximately 0.2% to approximately 5%, from approximately 0.25% to approximately 2%, from approximately 0.05% to approximately 2%, or from more than 0.25% to approximately 2%, of hop extract, as described herein. Amino acid Oral care formulations may include one or more amino acids. The described formulations can lead to the alteration and / or destabilization of the dental biofilm architecture, achieved through the use of an amino acid such as glycine. Furthermore, the destabilized biofilm allows for better penetration of ingredients to modulate bacterial metabolites and toxins, as seen in the improved penetration of tin and the neutralization of LPS with the addition of glycine. Without wishing to be limited by theory, it is believed that the effect of altering the biofilm architecture may result in a reduction in biofilm thickness, which can decrease the quantity and effects of bacteria and their metabolites. Amino acids are organic compounds that contain an amine functional group, a carboxyl functional group, and a specific side chain for each amino acid. Suitable amino acids include, for example, amino acids with a positive or negative side chain, amino acids with an acidic or basic side chain, amino acids with uncharged polar side chains, amino acids with hydrophobic side chains, and / or combinations thereof. Suitable amino acids also include, for example, arginine, histidine, lysine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, serine, threonine, asparagine, glutamine, cysteine, selenocysteine, glycine, proline, alanine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, citrulline, ornithine, creatine, diaminobutonic acid, diaminopropionic acid, salts of these, and / or combinations thereof. Suitable amino acids include one or more basic amino acids, one or more acidic amino acids, one or more neutral amino acids, or combinations of these. The oral care composition may comprise from approximately 0.01% to approximately 20%, from approximately 0.1% to approximately 10%, from approximately 0.5% to approximately 6%, or from approximately 1% to approximately 10% of amino acid, by weight of the oral care composition. QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi Fluoride ion source The oral care composition may include a source of fluoride ions. The source of fluoride ions may comprise one or more fluoride-containing compounds, such as stannous fluoride, sodium fluoride, titanium fluoride, calcium fluoride, calcium phosphate silicate fluoride, potassium fluoride, amine fluoride, sodium monofluorophosphate, zinc fluoride, and / or mixtures thereof. The fluoride ion source and the tin ion source can be the same compound, such as stannous fluoride, which can generate both tin and fluoride ions. Alternatively, the fluoride ion source and the tin ion source can be separate compounds, such as when the tin ion source is stannous chloride and the fluoride ion source is sodium monofluorophosphate or sodium fluoride. The fluoride ion source and the zinc ion source can be the same compound, such as zinc fluoride, which can generate both zinc and fluoride ions. Alternatively, the fluoride ion source and the zinc ion source can be separate compounds, such as when the zinc ion source is zinc phosphate and the fluoride ion source is stannous fluoride. The fluoride ion source may be essentially fluoride-free, substantially fluoride-free, or stannous fluoride-free. Therefore, the oral care composition may comprise sodium fluoride, potassium fluoride, amine fluoride, sodium monofluorophosphate, zinc fluoride, and / or mixtures thereof. The oral care composition may comprise a fluoride ion source capable of providing from approximately 50 ppm to approximately 5000 ppm and preferably from approximately 500 ppm to approximately 3000 ppm of free fluoride ions. To supply the desired amount of fluoride ions, the fluoride ion source may be present in the oral care composition in an amount of approximately 0.0025% to approximately 5%, approximately 0.01% to approximately 10%, approximately 0.2% to approximately 1%, approximately 0.5% to approximately 1.5%, or approximately 0.3% to approximately 0.6%, by weight of the oral care composition. Alternatively, the oral care composition may comprise less than 0.1%, less than 0.01%, be essentially free of, substantially free of, or free of a fluoride ion source. Tin ion source The oral care composition of the present invention may comprise a source of tin ions. The source of tin ions may be any suitable compound capable of providing tin ions in an oral care composition and / or supplying tin ions to the oral cavity when the toothpaste composition is applied to the oral cavity. The source of tin ions may comprise one or more tin-containing compounds, such as stannous fluoride, stannous chloride, stannous bromide, stannous iodide, stannous oxide, stannous oxalate, stannous sulfate, stannous sulfide, stannic fluoride, stannic chloride, stannic bromide, stannic iodide, stannic sulfide, and / or mixtures thereof. The source of tin ions may comprise stannous fluoride, stannous chloride, and / or a mixture thereof. The source of tin ions can also be a fluoride-free source of tin ions, such as stannous chloride. The oral care composition may comprise from approximately 0.0025% to approximately 5%, from approximately 0.01% to approximately 10%, from approximately 0.2% to approximately 1%, from approximately 0.5% to approximately 1.5%, or from approximately 0.3% to approximately 0.6%, by weight of the oral care composition, of a tin ion source. Source of Ca ions The oral care composition of the present invention may comprise a source of calcium ions. The source of calcium ions may be any suitable compound or molecule that can provide calcium ions in an oral care composition and / or supply calcium ions to the oral cavity when the oral care composition is applied to the oral cavity. The source of calcium ions may comprise a calcium salt, a calcium abrasive, and / or combinations thereof. In some cases, a calcium salt may also be considered a calcium abrasive, or a calcium abrasive may also be considered a calcium salt. The source of calcium ions may comprise a calcium abrasive. The calcium abrasive may be any suitable abrasive compound that can provide calcium ions in an oral care composition and / or deliver calcium ions to the oral cavity when the oral care composition is applied. The calcium abrasive may comprise one or more calcium abrasive compounds, such as calcium carbonate, precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC), ground calcium carbonate (GCC), chalk, dicalcium phosphate, calcium pyrophosphate, and / or mixtures thereof. The source of calcium ions may comprise a calcium salt or a compound that can provide calcium ions in an oral care composition and / or supply QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi calcium ions to the oral cavity when the oral care composition is applied to the oral cavity that cannot act as an abrasive. The calcium salt may comprise one or more calcium compounds, such as calcium chloride, calcium nitrate, calcium phosphate, calcium lactate, calcium oxalate, calcium oxide, calcium gluconate, calcium citrate, calcium bromide, calcium iodate, calcium iodide, hydroxyapatite, fluorapatite, calcium sulfate, calcium glycerophosphate, and / or combinations thereof. The composition for oral care may comprise from approximately 5% to approximately 70%, from approximately 10% to approximately 50%, from approximately 10% to approximately 60%, from approximately 20% to approximately 50%, from approximately 25% to approximately 40%, or from approximately 1% to approximately 50% of a source of calcium ions. Regulatory agent The oral care composition may include a buffering agent. The buffering agent may be a weak acid or base that can maintain a particular pH at a selected site in the oral cavity. For example, the buffering agent may maintain a pH on the surface of a tooth to mitigate the impact of plaque acids produced by bacteria. The buffering agent may comprise the conjugate acid of an ion also present in the oral care composition. For example, if the source of calcium ions comprises calcium carbonate, the buffering agent may comprise a bicarbonate anion (-HCO3). The buffering agent may comprise a conjugate acid / base pair, such as citric acid and sodium citrate. Suitable regulatory systems may include phosphate, citrate salts, carbon / bicarbonate salts, a tris regulator, imidazole, urea, borate, and / or combinations thereof. Suitable regulating agents include bicarbonate salts, such as sodium bicarbonate, glycine, orthophosphate, arginine, urea, and / or combinations thereof. The composition for oral care may comprise from approximately 1% to approximately 30%, from approximately 5% to approximately 25%, or from approximately 10% to approximately 20%, of one or more regulating agents. Biofilm modifier The oral care composition may comprise one or more biofilm modifiers. A biofilm modifier may comprise a polyol, an ammonia-generating compound, and / or a glucosyltransferase inhibitor. QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi A polyol is an organic compound with more than one hydroxyl functional group. The polyol may be any suitable compound that can associate with, interact with, or weakly bind to tin ions while the oral care composition is stored prior to use. The polyol may be a sugar alcohol, which is a class of polyols that can be obtained by hydrogenating sugar compounds with the formula (CHOH)nH2. The polyol may be glycerin, erythritol, xylitol, sorbitol, mannitol, butylene glycol, lactitol, and / or combinations thereof. The oral care composition may comprise 0.01% to approximately 70%, approximately 5% to approximately 70%, approximately 5% to approximately 50%, approximately 10% to approximately 60%, approximately 10% to approximately 25%, or approximately 20% to approximately 80%, by weight of the oral care composition, of a polyol. The ammonia-generating compound may be any suitable compound that can generate ammonia when administered to the oral cavity. Suitable ammonia-generating compounds include arginine, urea, and / or combinations thereof. The oral care composition may comprise from approximately 0.01% to approximately 10%, from approximately 1% to approximately 5%, or from approximately 1% to approximately 25% of one or more ammonia-generating compounds. A glucosyltransferase inhibitor can be any suitable compound that can inhibit a glucosyltransferase. Glucosyltransferases are enzymes that can form natural glycosidic bonds. In particular, these enzymes break down poly- or oligosaccharide entities into simple sugars for bacteria associated with dental caries. As such, any compound that can inhibit this process can help prevent dental caries. Suitable glucosyltransferase inhibitors include oleic acid, epicatechin, tannins, tannic acid, moenomycin, caspofungin, ethambutol, lufenuron, and / or combinations thereof. Oral care formulations may comprise approximately 0.001% to approximately 5%, approximately 0.01% to approximately 2%, or approximately 1% of one or more glucosyltransferase inhibitors. Source of metal ions The oral care composition may include a metal ion source comprising one or more metal ions. The metal ion source may include, or be in addition to, the tin ion source and / or the zinc ion source, as described herein. Suitable metal ion sources include QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi compounds with metal ions, such as, but not limited to, Sn, Zn, Cu, Mn, Mg, Sr, Ti, Fe, Mo, B, Ba, Ce, Al, In and / or mixtures thereof. The trace metal source may be any compound with a suitable metal and any accompanying ligand and / or anion. Suitable ligands and / or anions that can be paired with metal ion sources include, but are not limited to, acetate, ammonium sulfate, benzoate, bromide, borate, carbonate, chloride, citrate, gluconate, glycerophosphate, hydroxide, iodide, oxide, propionate, D-lactate, DL-lactate, orthophosphate, pyrophosphate, sulfate, nitrate, tartrate, and / or mixtures of these. The composition for oral care may comprise from approximately 0.01% to approximately 10%, from approximately 1% to approximately 5%, or from approximately 0.5% to approximately 15% of a metal ion source. Antibacterial agents Oral care formulations may include one or more antibacterial agents. Suitable antibacterial agents include any molecule that provides antibacterial activity in the oral cavity. Suitable antibacterial agents include hop acids, tin ion sources, benzyl alcohol, sodium benzoate, menthylglycyl acetate, menthyl lactate, L-menthol, oneomenthol, copper chlorophyllin complex, phenol, oxyquinoline, and / or combinations thereof. The composition for oral care may comprise from approximately 0.01% to approximately 10%, from approximately 1% to approximately 5%, or from approximately 0.5% to approximately 15% of an antibacterial agent. Bioactive materials Oral care compositions may also include bioactive materials suitable for tooth remineralization. Suitable bioactive materials include bioactive glasses, Novamin™, Recaldent™, hydroxyapatite, one or more amino acids, such as, for example, arginine, citrulline, glycine, lysine, or histidine, or combinations thereof. Suitable examples of compositions comprising arginine are found in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,154,813 and 5,762,911, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Other suitable bioactive materials include any calcium phosphate compound. Other suitable bioactive materials include compounds comprising a calcium source and a phosphate source. QC / enn / zznz / E / YiAi Bioactive glasses comprise calcium and / or phosphate, which may be present in a ratio similar to hydroxyapatite. These glasses can bind to tissue and are biocompatible. Bioactive glasses may include a phosphopeptide, a calcium source, a phosphate source, a silica source, a sodium source, and / or combinations thereof. The oral care composition may comprise from approximately 0.01% to approximately 20%, from approximately 0.1% to approximately 10%, or from approximately 1% to approximately 10% of a bioactive material by weight of the oral care composition. Abrasive The oral care composition may comprise a calcium abrasive, as described herein, and / or a non-calcium abrasive, such as bentonite, silica gel (by itself and of any structure), precipitated silica, amorphous precipitated silica (by itself and also of any structure), hydrated silica, perlite, titanium dioxide, calcium pyrophosphate, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, alumina, hydrated alumina, calcined alumina, aluminum silicate, insoluble sodium metaphosphate, insoluble potassium metaphosphate, insoluble magnesium carbonate, zirconium silicate, particulate thermosetting resins, and other suitable abrasive materials. Such materials may be introduced into the oral care compositions to tailor the polishing characteristics of the target toothpaste formulation.The oral care composition may comprise from approximately 5% to approximately 70%, from approximately 10% to approximately 50%, from approximately 10% to approximately 60%, from approximately 20% to approximately 50%, from approximately 25% to approximately 40%, or from approximately 1% to approximately 50%, by weight of the oral care composition, of the non-calcium abrasive. Alternatively, the oral care composition may be substantially free of, essentially free of, or free of silica, alumina, or any abrasive other than calcium. The oral care composition may comprise less than approximately 5%, less than approximately 1%, less than approximately 0.5%, less than approximately 0.1%, or 0% of an abrasive other than calcium, such as silica and / or alumina. Water The oral care composition of the present invention may be anhydrous, a low water content formulation, or a high water content formulation. QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi of water. In total, the oral care composition may comprise from 0% to approximately 99%, from approximately 5% to approximately 75%, approximately 20% or more, approximately 30% or more, or approximately 50% or more, by weight of the composition, of water. Preferably, the water is USP water. In an oral care composition and / or toothpaste formulation with high water content, the oral care composition comprises approximately 45% to approximately 75% water by weight of the composition. The oral care composition and / or toothpaste formulation with high water content may comprise approximately 45% to approximately 65%, approximately 45% to approximately 55%, or approximately 46% to approximately 54% water by weight of the composition. Water may be added to the high water content formulation and / or may be present in the composition as a result of the inclusion of other ingredients. In an oral care composition and / or toothpaste formulation with low water content, the oral care composition comprises approximately 5% to approximately 45% water by weight of the composition. The oral care composition with low water content may comprise approximately 5% to approximately 35%, approximately 10% to approximately 25%, or approximately 20% to approximately 25% water by weight of the composition. Water may be added to the low water content formulation and / or may enter the composition as a result of the inclusion of other ingredients. In an oral care composition and / or anhydrous toothpaste formulation, the oral care composition comprises less than approximately 10%, by weight of the composition, of water. The anhydrous composition comprises less than approximately 5%, less than approximately 1%, or 0%, by weight of the composition, of water. Water may be added to the anhydrous formulation and / or may enter the composition as a result of the inclusion of other ingredients. A mouthwash formulation comprises approximately 75% to approximately 99%, approximately 75% to approximately 95%, or approximately 80% to approximately 95% water. The composition may also include other orally acceptable carrier materials, such as alcohol, humectants, polymers, surfactants, and acceptance-enhancing agents, such as flavoring agents, sweeteners, colorings, and / or refreshing agents. QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi βH The ρH of the described composition can be from approximately 4 to approximately 10, from approximately 7 to approximately 10, greater than 7 to approximately 10, greater than 8 to approximately 10, greater than 7, greater than 7.5, greater than 8, greater than 9, or from approximately 8.5 to approximately 10. Source of zinc ions The oral care composition may include a source of zinc ions. The zinc ion source may comprise one or more zinc-containing compounds, such as zinc fluoride, zinc lactate, zinc oxide, zinc phosphate, zinc chloride, zinc acetate, zinc hexafluorozirconate, zinc sulfate, zinc tartrate, zinc gluconate, zinc citrate, zinc malate, zinc glycinate, zinc pyrophosphate, zinc metaphosphate, zinc oxalate, and / or zinc carbonate. The zinc ion source may be a fluoride-free source of zinc ions, such as zinc phosphate, zinc oxide, and / or zinc citrate. The source of zinc ions may be present in the total oral care composition in an amount of approximately 0.01% to approximately 10%, approximately 0.2% to approximately 1%, approximately 0.5% to approximately 1.5%, or approximately 0.3% to approximately 0.6%, by weight of the toothpaste composition. Polyphosphates Oral care compositions may include a polyphosphate source. A polyphosphate source may comprise one or more polyphosphate molecules. Polyphosphates are a class of materials obtained by dehydration and condensation of orthophosphate to produce linear and cyclic polyphosphates of varying chain lengths. Therefore, polyphosphate molecules are generally identified by an average number (n) of polyphosphate molecules, as described below. A polyphosphate is generally understood to consist of two or more phosphate molecules arranged primarily in a linear configuration, although some cyclic derivatives may be present. The preferred polyphosphates are those having an average of two or more phosphate groups, such that surface adsorption at effective concentrations produces sufficient unbound phosphate functions, which enhance the anionic surface charge as well as the hydrophilic character of the surfaces. In this invention, linear polyphosphates of the formula XO(XPO3)nX are preferred, where X is sodium, potassium, ammonium, or any other alkali metal cation and n averages from approximately 2 to approximately 21. Alkaline earth metal cations, such as calcium, are not preferred because they tend to QC / enn / zznz / E / YiAi form insoluble fluoride salts from aqueous solutions comprising fluoride ions and alkaline earth metal cations. Therefore, the oral care compositions described herein may be free of, essentially free of, or substantially free of calcium pyrophosphate. Some examples of suitable polyphosphate molecules include, for example, pyrophosphate (n = 2), tripolyphosphate (n = 3), tetrapolyphosphate (n = 4), sodaphos polyphosphate (n = 6), hexaphos polyphosphate (n = 13), benephos polyphosphate (n = 14), hexametaphosphate (n = 21), which is also known as Glass H. Polyphosphates may include polyphosphate compounds manufactured by FMC Corporation, ICL Performance Products, and / or Astaris. The oral care composition may comprise from approximately 0.01% to approximately 15%, from approximately 0.1% to approximately 10%, from approximately 0.5% to approximately 5%, from approximately 1% to approximately 20%, or approximately 10% or less, by weight of the oral care composition, of the polyphosphate source. Moisturizers An oral care composition may comprise one or more humectants, have low levels of a humectant, be essentially free of, substantially free of, or free of a humectant. Humectants serve to add body or “texture in the mouth” to an oral care composition or toothpaste, as well as to prevent the toothpaste from drying out. Suitable humectants include polyethylene glycol (in a variety of different molecular weights), propylene glycol, glycerin (glycerol), erythritol, xylitol, sorbitol, mannitol, butylene glycol, lactitol, hydrogenated starch hydrolysates, and / or mixtures thereof. The oral care composition may comprise one or more humectants, each at a level of 0 to approximately 70%, approximately 5% to approximately 50%, approximately 10% to approximately 60%, or approximately 20% to approximately 80%, by weight of the oral care composition. Surfactants Oral care compositions may include one or more surfactants. Surfactants can be used to make compositions more cosmetically acceptable. A surfactant is preferably a detergent material that imparts detergent and foaming properties to the composition. Suitable surfactants are safe and effective amounts of anionic, cationic, nonionic, zwitterionic, amphoteric, and betaine surfactants. QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi Suitable anionic surfactants include, for example, water-soluble salts of alkyl sulfates having 8 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and water-soluble salts of sulfonated monoglycerides of fatty acids having 8 to 20 carbon atoms. Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and sodium sulfonates of coco-monoglyceride are examples of such anionic surfactants. Other suitable anionic surfactants include sarcosinates, such as sodium lauroylsarcosinate, taurates, sodium lauryl sulfoacetate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, sodium laureth carboxylate, and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate. Combinations of anionic surfactants may also be used. Another suitable class of anionic surfactants are alkyl phosphates. Surface-active organophosphate agents have a high affinity for enamel surfaces and are sufficiently surface-bound to release proteins from the enamel film and remain attached to enamel surfaces. Suitable examples of organophosphate compounds include mono-, di-, or triesters represented by the following general structure, where Zi, Z2, or Z3 may be identical or different, and at least one is an organic entity. Zi, Z2, or Z3 may be selected from a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group of 1 to 22 carbon atoms, optionally substituted by one or more phosphate groups; an alkoxylated alkyl or alkenyl group; a (poly)saccharide; a polyol; or a polyether. OZ'-\II / -Z! PI o---z3 Some other agents include alkyl or alkenyl phosphate esters represented by the following structure: EITHER Rt---(OCnH2n)a(OCmH2m)b---O---P---O---Z2 YOU ARE Z3 QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi where Ri represents a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl group of 6 to 22 carbon atoms, optionally substituted by one or more phosphate groups; nym are, individually and separately, from 2 to 4, yayb are, individually and separately, from 0 to 20; Z and Z may be identical or different, each representing hydrogen, alkali metal, ammonium, protonated alkylamine or protonated functional alkylamine, such as alkanolamine, or an R-(OCH2)(OCH)- group. Examples of suitable agents include alkyl and (poly)alkoxy phosphates, such as lauryl phosphate; PPGS-ceteareth-10 phosphate; laureth-1 phosphate; laureth-3 phosphate; laureth-9 phosphate; trilaureth-4 phosphate; C12-18 PEG 9 phosphate: and sodium dilaureth-10 phosphate. Alkyl phosphate can be polymeric.Examples of polymeric alkyl phosphates include those containing repeating alkoxy groups as the polymer portion, particularly 3 or more ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, or butoxy groups. Other suitable anionic surfactants are sarcosinates, isethionates, and taurates, especially their ammonium or alkali metal salts. Examples include lauroyl sarcosinate, myristoyl sarcosinate, palmitoyl sarcosinate, stearoyl sarcosinate, oleoyl sarcosinate, or combinations thereof. Other suitable anionic surfactants include sodium or potassium alkyl sulfates, such as sodium lauryl sulfate, acyl isethionates, methyl acyl isethionates, alkyl ether carboxylates, acyl alaninates, acyl gulatams, acyl glycinates, acyl sarconsinates, sodium methyl acyl taurates, sodium laureth sulfosuccinates, alpha olefin sulfonates, alkylbenzene sulfonates, sodium lauroyl lactylate, sodium laurylglucoside hydroxypropyl sulfonate and / or combinations. The zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactants useful in the present invention include derivatives of aliphatic, phosphonium, and sulfonium quaternary ammonium compounds, wherein the aliphatic radicals may be straight-chain or branched, and one of the aliphatic substituents contains 8 to 18 carbon atoms and another contains a water-soluble anionic group, e.g., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate. Suitable betaine surfactants are described in U.S. Patent No. 5,180,577. Typical alkyl dimethyl betaines include decyl betaine or 2-(N-decyl-N,N-dimethylammonium acetate), coco-betaine or 2-(N-coco-N,N-dimethylammonium acetate), myristyl betaine, palmityl betaine, lauryl betaine, cetyl betaine, stearyl betaine, etc. Amidobetaines can be illustrated by cocoamidoethyl betaine, cocoamidopropyl betaine (CADB), and lauramidopropyl betaine.Other suitable amphoteric surfactants include betaines, sultaines, sodium laurylamphoacetates, alkylamphodiacetates and / or combinations thereof. QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi The cationic surfactants useful in the present invention include, for example, derivatives of quaternary ammonium compounds having a long alkyl chain containing 8 to 18 carbon atoms, such as lauryltrimethylammonium chloride; cetylpyridinium chloride; cetyltrimethylammonium bromide; cetylpyridinium fluoride or combinations thereof. Nonionic surfactants that can be used in the compositions of the present invention include, for example, compounds produced by the condensation of alkylene oxide groups (of a hydrophilic nature) with an organic hydrophobic compound, which may be aliphatic or alkylaromatic in nature. Examples of suitable nonionic surfactants may include Pluronics®, which are poloxamers, polyethylene oxide condensates of alkylphenols, products derived from the condensation of ethylene oxide with the reaction product of propylene oxide and ethylenediamine, ethylene oxide condensates of aliphatic alcohols, long-chain tertiary amine oxides, long-chain tertiary phosphine oxides, long-chain dialkyl sulfoxides, and combinations of such materials. Other suitable nonionic surfactants include alkyl glucosides, alkyl glucosides, and / or combinations thereof. The one or more surfactants may also include one or more natural and / or naturally derived surfactants. Natural surfactants may include surfactants derived from natural products and / or surfactants that are minimally processed or unprocessed. Natural surfactants may include hydrogenated, non-hydrogenated, or partially hydrogenated vegetable oils, olus oil, passionflower oil, candelilla wax, coco-caprylate, caprate, dicaprylyl ether, lauryl alcohol, myristyl myristate, dicaprylyl ether, caprylic acid, caprylic ester, octyl decanoate, octyl octanoate, undecane, tridecane, decyl oleate, decyl oleic acid ester, cetyl palmitate, stearic acid, palmitic acid, glyceryl stearate, hydrogenated, non-hydrogenated, or partially hydrogenated vegetable glycerides, polyglyceryl-2 dipolyhydroxystearate, cetearyl alcohol, sucrose polystearate, glycerin, octadodecanol,Hydrolyzed, partially hydrolyzed, or non-hydrolyzed vegetable protein, hydrolyzed, partially hydrolyzed, or non-hydrolyzed wheat protein, polyglyceryl-3 diisostearate, glyceryl oleate, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, sodium cetearyl sulfate, cetearyl alcohol, glyceryl laurate, capric triglyceride, alkyl glycerides, lecithin, dicaprylyl ether, xanthan gum, sodium coco-sulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate, sodium cocoyl sulfate, sodium cocoyl glutamate, polyalkyl glucosides such as decyl glucoside, cetearyl glucoside, cetyl stearyl polyglucoside, coco-glucoside, lauryl glucoside, and / or combinations thereof. Surfactants, Natural ingredients may include any of the Natrue ingredients marketed by BASF, such as, for example, CegeSoft®, Cetiol®, Cutina®, Dehymuls®, Emulgade®, Emulgin®, Eutanol®, Gluadin®, Lameform®, LameSoft®, Lanette®, Monomuls®, Myritol®, Plantacare®, Plantaquat®, Platasil®, Rheocare®, BüioroiTLBxoroi®, and / or combinations thereof. Other specific examples of surfactants include sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl isethionate, sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl glutamate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, alkali metal or ammonium salts of lauroylsarcosinate, myristoylsarcosinate, palmitoylsarcosinate, stearoylsarcosinate and oleoylsarcosinate, polyoxyethylsorbitan monostearate, isostearate and laurate, sodium lauryl sulfoacetate, N-lauroyl sarcosine, the sodium, potassium and ethanolamine salts of N-lauroyl, N-myristoyl or N-palmitoyl sarcosine, polyethylene oxide condensates of alkylphenols, cocoamidopropyl betaine, lauramidopropyl betaine, palmitill betaine, sodium cocoyl glutamate, and the like. Desirable additional surfactants include fatty acid salts of glutamate, alkyl glucoside, taurate salts, betaines, caprylates, and / or mixtures thereof. The oral care formulation may also be sulfate-free. The oral care composition may comprise one or more surfactants, each at a level of approximately 0.01% to approximately 15%, approximately 0.3% to approximately 10%, or approximately 0.3% to approximately 2.5% by weight of the oral care composition. Thickening agents Oral care compositions may include one or more thickening agents. Thickening agents can be useful in oral care compositions to provide a gel-like structure that stabilizes the toothpaste and / or dentifrice against phase separation. Suitable thickening agents include polysaccharides, polymers, and / or silica thickeners. The thickening agent may comprise one or more polysaccharides. Some non-limiting examples of polysaccharides include starch; starch glycerite; gums such as karaya gum (sterculia gum), tragacanth gum, gum arabic, ghatti gum, acacia gum, xanthan gum, guar gum, and cellulose gum; magnesium aluminum silicate (Veegum); carrageenan; sodium alginate; agar-agar; pectin; gelatin; cellulose compounds such as cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, hydroxymethylcarboxypropylcellulose, methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, and sulfated cellulose; natural and synthetic clays such as hectorite clays; and mixtures thereof. QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi Other polysaccharides suitable for use in this description include carrageenans, gellan gum, locust bean gum, xanthan gum, carbomers, poloxamers, modified cellulose, and mixtures thereof. Carrageenan is a polysaccharide derived from seaweed. Several types of carrageenan exist, which can be distinguished by their seaweed source and / or by their degree and position of sulfation. The thickening agent may comprise kappa carrageenans, modified kappa carrageenans, iota carrageenans, modified iota carrageenans, lambda carrageenan, and mixtures thereof. Carrageenans suitable for use in this description include those commercially available from FMC Company under the series designation “Viscarin,” which include, but are not limited to, Viscarin TP 329, Viscarin TP 388, and Viscarin TP 389. The thickening agent may comprise one or more polymers. The polymer may be a polyethylene glycol (PEG), a polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyacrylic acid, a polymer derived from at least one acrylic acid monomer, a maleic anhydride and methyl vinyl ether copolymer, or a crosslinked polyacrylic acid polymer, in various weight percentages of the oral care composition and with various average molecular weight ranges. Alternatively, the oral care composition may be free of, essentially free of, or substantially free of a maleic anhydride and methyl vinyl ether copolymer. The thickening agent may comprise one or more inorganic thickening agents. Some non-limiting examples of suitable inorganic thickening agents include colloidal aluminum magnesium silicate and silica thickeners. Useful silica thickeners include, for example, an amorphous precipitated silica such as ZEODENT® 165 silica. Other non-limiting silica thickeners include ZEODENT® 153, 163, and 167 silica products, and ZEOFREE® 177 and 265, all available from Evonik Corporation, and AEROSIL® fumed silicas. The composition for oral care may comprise from 0.01% to approximately 15%, from 0.1% to approximately 10%, from approximately 0.2% to approximately 5%, or from approximately 0.5% to approximately 2% of one or more thickening agents. Prenylated flavonoids The oral care composition of the present invention may comprise prenylated flavonoids. Flavonoids are a group of naturally occurring substances found in a wide range of fruits, vegetables, grains, bark, roots, stems, flowers, tea, and wine. Flavonoids may have a variety of beneficial health effects, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, and anticancer properties. QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi antibacterials. Prenylated flavonoids are flavonoids that include at least one prenyl functional group (3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl, as shown in Formula VIII), which has been previously identified as facilitating binding to cell membranes. Therefore, without wishing to be limited by theory, it is believed that the addition of a prenyl group, i.e., prenylation, to a flavonoid can increase the activity of the original flavonoid by increasing the lipophilicity of the parent molecule and improving the penetration of the prenylated molecule into the bacterial cell membrane. Increasing lipophilicity to enhance cell membrane penetration can be a double-edged sword, as the prenylated flavonoid will tend toward insolubility at high Log P values ​​(high lipophilicity). Log P can be an important indicator of antibacterial efficacy. As such, the term prenylated flavonoids may include naturally occurring flavonoids with one or more prenyl functional groups, flavonoids with a synthetically added prenyl functional group, and / or prenylated flavonoids with additional synthetically added prenyl functional groups. QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi R' Formula VIII. Prenyl functional group with R representing the other portions of the molecule Other suitable functionalities of the parent molecule that enhance the structure-activity relationship (e.g., the structure-MIC relationship) of the prenylated molecule include additional nitrogen- or oxygen-containing heterocycles, alkylamino chains, or alkyl chains substituted on one or more of the aromatic rings of the parent flavonoid. Flavonoids can have a 15-carbon structure with at least two phenyl rings and at least one heterocyclic ring. Some suitable flavonoid main chains can be shown in Formula IX (flavone main chain), Formula X (isoflavan main chain), and / or Formula XI (neoflavonoid main chain). QC / enn / zznz / E / YiA Formula IX. Flavone Main Chain Formula X. Isoflavan main chain Formula XI. Neoflavonoid Main Chain Other suitable subgroups of flavonoids include anthocyanidins, anthoxanthins, flavanones, flavanonols, flavans, isoflavonoids, chalcones and / or combinations thereof. Prenylated flavonoids may include naturally isolated prenylated flavonoids or naturally isolated flavonoids that are synthetically altered to add one or more prenyl functional groups by a variety of synthetic processes that would be known to a person skilled in the technique of synthetic organic chemistry. Other suitable prenylated flavonoids may include Bavachalcone, Bavachin, Bavachinin, Corilifol A, Epimedin A, Epimedin A1, Epimedin B, Epimedin C, Icariin, Icarisida I, Icarisida II, Icaritin, Isobavachalcona, Isoxanthumol, Neobavaisoflavona, 6Prenilnaringenin, 8-Prenilnaringenin, Soforaflavanona G, (-)-Soforanona, dorsmanin C, dorsmanin F, 8Prenilkaempferol, 7-O-Metilluteona, luteona, 6-prenilgenistein, isovighteona, lupiwighteona, and / or combinations of these. Other suitable flavonoids include cannflavinas, such as cannflavina A, cannflavina B y / o cannflavina C. Preferably, the prenylated flavonoid has a high probability of having a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of less than approximately 25 ppm for *S. aureus*, a Gram-positive bacterium. Suitable prenylated flavonoids include bavachin, bavachinin, corilifol A, icaritin, isoxanthohumol, neobavaisoflavone, 6-prenylnaringenin, 8-prenylnaringenin, soforaflavanone G, (-)-soforanone, kurarinone, kuwanon C, panduratin A, and / or combinations thereof. Preferably, the prenylated flavonoid has a high probability of having a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of less than approximately 25 ppm for E. coli, a Gram-negative bacterium. Suitable prenylated flavonoids include bavachinin, isoxanthohumol, 8-prenylnaringenin, soforaflavanone G, kurarinone, panduratin A, and / or combinations thereof. Approximately 1,000 prenylated flavonoids have been identified in plants. Based on the number of prenylated flavonoids reported previously, prenylated flavanones are the most common subclass, and prenylated flavanols are the rarest. Although naturally occurring prenylated flavonoids have been found to have diverse structural characteristics, they have a limited distribution in plants, unlike their parent flavonoids, which are present in almost all plants. Most prenylated flavonoids are found in the following families: Cannabaceae, Guttiferae, Leguminosae, Moraceae, Rutaceae, and Apiaceae (formerly Umbelliferae). Leguminosae and Moraceae, due to their consumption as fruits and vegetables, are the most frequently studied families, and many novel prenylated flavonoids have been explored within them.Humulus lupulus of Cannabaceae includes 8-prenylnaringenin and xanthohumol, which play an important role in the health benefits of beer. The prenylated flavonoid can be incorporated through a hop extract, incorporated into a separately added extract, or added as a separate component to the oral care compositions described herein. QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi Other ingredients The oral care composition may comprise a variety of other ingredients, such as flavoring agents, sweeteners, colorants, preservatives, regulating agents, or other ingredients suitable for use in oral care compositions, as described below. Flavoring agents may also be added to the oral care formulation. Suitable flavoring agents include spearmint oil, peppermint oil, mint oil, clove bud oil, menthol, anethole, methyl salicylate, eucalyptol, cassia, 1-mentyl acetate, sage, eugenol, parsley oil, oxanone, alpha-irisone, marjoram, lemon, orange, propenylguaethol, cinnamon, vanillin, ethylvanillin, heliotropin, 4-cisheptenal, diacetyl, methyl-para-tert-butyl phenyl acetate, and mixtures thereof. Cooling agents may also be part of the flavor system. The preferred cooling agents in the present compositions are paramenthane carboxyamide agents, such as N-ethyl-p-menthane-3-carboxamide (commercially known as “WS-3”) or N(Ethoxycarbonylmethyl)-3-p-menthanecarboxamide (commercially known as “WS-5”) and mixtures thereof.A flavoring system is generally used in oral care compositions at levels ranging from approximately 0.001% to approximately 5% by weight. These flavoring agents typically comprise mixtures of aldehydes, ketones, esters, phenols, aliphatic acids and alcohols, aromatic compounds, and other substances. Sweeteners may be added to oral care formulations to impart a pleasant taste to the product. Suitable sweeteners include saccharin (as sodium, potassium, or calcium saccharin), cyclamate (as a sodium, potassium, or calcium salt), acesulfame potassium, thaumatin, neohesperidin dihydrochalcone, ammoniacal glycyrrhizin, dextrose, levulose, sucrose, mannose, sucralose, stevia, and glucose. Colorants may be added to enhance the aesthetic appearance of the product. Suitable colorants include, but are not limited to, those approved by appropriate regulatory bodies such as the FDA and those listed in the European Food and Pharmaceutical Directives, and include pigments such as TiOa and colors such as FD&C and D&C dyes. Preservatives may also be added to oral care compositions to prevent bacterial growth. Suitable preservatives approved for use in oral compositions, such as methylparaben, propylparaben, benzoic acid, and sodium benzoate, may be added in safe and effective amounts. QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi Titanium dioxide may also be added to this composition. Titanium dioxide is a white powder that imparts opacity to compositions. It typically comprises approximately 0.25% to approximately 5% by weight of the oral care composition. Other ingredients may be used in the toothpaste composition, such as desensitizing agents, healing agents, other caries-preventive agents, chelating / sequestering agents, vitamins, amino acids, proteins, other anti-plaque / anticacrement agents, opacifiers, antibiotics, anti-enzymes, enzymes, pH control agents, oxidizing agents, antioxidants, and the like. Examples The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be interpreted in any way as imposing limitations on the scope of this invention. Various other aspects, modifications, and equivalents thereof, which, after reading the description herein, may occur to a person skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the present invention or the scope of the appended claims. Table 1. oc / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi compositions Quantity (% by weight) Ingredients Ex. 1 Ex. 2 Ex. 3 Ex. 4 Sorbitol - 34.67 34.67 34.67 Water - 13.00 11.00 9.00 Sodium carboxymethylcellulose - 1.00 1.00 1.00 Xanthan gum - 0.30 0.30 0.30 Stannous chloride silica mixture - 1.10 1.10 1.10 Sodium gluconate - 1.00 1.00 1.00 Sodium bicarbonate - 10.00 10.00 10.00 Glycine - - 2.00 4.00 Calcium carbonate - 32.00 32.00 32.00 Hops - 0.50 0.50 0.50 Sodium lauryl sulfate (28% solution) - 4.60 4.60 4.60 Sodium hydroxide (50%) - 0.33 0.33 0.33 Sucralose - 0.20 0.20 0.20 Sodium saccharin - 0.50 0.50 0.50 Flavoring / sensation oils - 0.80 0.80 0.80 NaCl 0.800 KCl 0.020 Na2HPO4 0.142 KH2PO4 0.024 Water 99.014 Total 100% 100% 100% 100% QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi Assay to measure biofilm architecture, antibacterial agent penetration and endotoxin neutralization in biofilms The following assay was used on an in situ plaque biofilm for the oral care compositions of the present invention to determine: - destabilization of the EPS biofilm matrix and dental biofilm thickness by measuring the fluorescent light emitted from the labeled EPS biofilm; - the penetration efficiency of stannous ions with bacteria through the measurement of the colocalization percentage - Enhanced endotoxin neutralization of the antibacterial agent in biofilms through LPS binding efficiency of stannous ions by measuring a fluorescent dye that binds to LPS lipid A The details of the trial are described below. (a) Substrate for biofilm growth Hydroxyapatite (“HA”) discs were used for in situ biofilm growth. The HA discs are designed to have three parallel grooves (i.e., 200 µm wide and 200 µm deep for the two side grooves, and 500 µm wide and 500 µm deep for the middle groove) on each disc. When the discs are held in the subject's mouth, these grooves remain vertical to mimic the interproximal space between teeth, which is the difficult-to-clean area where plaque typically tends to accumulate. This design allows for the collection of intact plaque from the grooves. The HA discs are manufactured by Shanghai Bei'erkang Biomedicine Limited Company (Shanghai, China). (b) Use of the tablet The human subjects used the tablet. Each subject used up to 12 HA discs on the tablet to ensure that at least 9 HA discs were available after 48 hours. A non-limiting example of this type of tablet and HA discs is shown in Figure 2. With reference to Figure 2, the device (1) has a plurality of HA discs (2a-2d). In one specific example, and with reference to Figure 3, the HA disc (201) has three parallel grooves (203) (the two side grooves (203a and 203c) are 300 pm wide and 300 pm deep; while the middle groove (203b) (in the middle of the two side grooves) is 500 pm wide and 500 pm deep). The middle groove is designed to be wider and deeper than the two side grooves so that the HA disk can be more easily separated into two identical disk halves for direct comparison purposes.Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the groove (2003) with biofilm (2005) in it. Further details of the HA discs are described in US2017 / 0056531 (e.g., paragraphs

[0019] -

[0020] ). Although not shown in Figure 4, the discs can be positioned so that the recess is in the interdental space between the teeth (since this location is prone to plaque buildup due to the difficulty of cleaning, etc.). Subjects removed the splint only during meals (the splint was stored in an opaque container under humid conditions) and to perform oral hygiene procedures. Immediately afterward, the splint was put back on. Participants were asked to use a straw when drinking. (c) In situ release of biofilms from the HA disc All HA discs were removed from the board after 48 hours using tweezers. The tweezers were used to hold the edge of the HA chips and transfer the disc. QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi HA to a 2 ml centrifuge tube containing PBS (phosphate-regulated saline) solution. The forceps were thoroughly washed (water; 75% alcohol; and then deionized water) before each disc transfer. (d) Preparation of toothpaste supernatants: 5 grams of deionized water are added to 5 grams of toothpaste (using any one of Examples 1-5). After thorough shaking, the mixture is centrifuged at 12,000 RPM for 20 minutes. The supernatant is prepared one day before use and stored at 4 °C. (e) Confocal laser scanning microscopy After the HA discs were removed from the slab, the HA discs were used for ex vivo treatment with the different comparative and invention compositions. After treatment with the target supernatant and labeling with microbial fluorescent probe and stannous fluorescent probe (as described in US2018 / 0072944A1; Shi et al.), the biofilms in the grooves were measured by confocal laser scanning microscopy (“CLSM”) (as described below). (f) Preparation of the discs The HA discs were rinsed in PBS solution, and each HA disc was divided into two halves using tweezers. Each disc half was then placed statically in 500–1000 µL of PBS solution for 1 minute. Each disc was treated for 2 minutes with either PBS solution or toothpaste supernatant. Each disc was then washed by holding it with tweezers, agitating it back and forth ten times in 1 mL of PBS solution, and repeating this washing cycle. Finally, each disc was immersed statically in 500–1000 µL of PBS solution for 5 minutes. After treatment with PBS and / or the supernatant of the oral care composition (e.g., toothpaste) and labeling with specific fluorescent probes, the biofilm in the grooves was measured by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). (q) Fluorescence probe microscopy and staining. “Fluorescent ion probe” means a fluorescent probe that binds specifically to one type of ion and fluoresces at a specific wavelength. In recent years, significant emphasis has been placed on the development of novel, highly selective fluorescent ion probes because of their potential applications in biochemical and environmental research. Many types of signaling mechanisms have been proposed and used for the optical detection of ions, including QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi photoinduced electron / energy transfer (PET), intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), etc. Some of these fluorescent probes can also be applied to fluorescence bioimaging, which causes minimal cell damage and is highly sensitive for high-speed spatial analysis of live cells. Specifically, FRET imaging, which facilitates the simultaneous recording of two emission intensities at different wavelengths in the presence and absence of analytes, has provided an easy method for visualizing complex biological processes at the molecular level. This technique appears suitable for studying the physiological functions or pathogenesis of ions in biofilms and the human body. The effectiveness of stannous penetration by stannous ions with bacteria was measured by the percentage of colocalization. Non-limiting examples of a fluorescent probe for tin suitable for labeling biofilms may include any of the following: QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi following compounds: (a) tert-butyl (3',6'-diam¡no-3-oxosp¡ro[¡soindol¡n-1,9'-xanthen]-2yl)carbamate; (b) tert-butyl (3',6'-bis(dimethylamino)-3-oxospiro[iso¡ndolin-1,9'-xanthen]-2¡l)carbamate; (c) tert-but¡l(3',6'-bis(diethylamin)-3-oxospiro[so¡ndolin-1,9'-xanthen]-2yl)carbamate; (d) tert-butyl(3',6'-bis(ethylamino)-2',7'-dimethyl-3-oxospiro[isoindolin-1,9'-xanthen]-2yl)carbamate; il)carbamate; il)carbamate; il)carbamate; (e) (f) (g) (h) tert-butyl(3',6'-d¡amino-2',7'-d¡met¡l-3-oxosp¡ro[¡so¡ndole¡n-1,9'-xanthene]-2terc-butyl(3-oxo-3',6'-di(p¡r¡l-1 -yl)spiro[¡so¡ndoline-1,9'-xanthene]-2terc-butyl(3-oxo-3',6'-b¡s(phen¡lam¡no)sp¡ro[¡so¡ndoline-1,9' -xanthene]-2terc-but¡l(3-oxo-3',6'-d¡(p¡per¡d¡n-1-¡l)sp¡ro[¡soindol¡n-1,9'-xanthene]-2yl)carbamate; (i) tert-butyl(3',6'-d¡morphol¡no-3-oxosp¡ro[¡soindol¡n-1,9'-xanthene]-2-yl)carbamate; tert-butyl(-2',7'-dibutyl-3',6'-bis(diethylamino)-3-oxospiro[isoindoline-1,9'-xanthene]-2-yl)carbamate (k) tert-butyl(2',7'-dimethyl-3-oxo-3',6'-di(piperidine-1); -yl)spiro[¡soindoline-1,9'-xanthene]-2-yl)carbamate (I) tert-butyl(3-oxo-1 ',2',3',4',10',11; ',12',13'-octahydrospiro[isoindoline-1,7'-pyrano[2,34:6,5f']diquinoline]-2-¡l)carbamate (m) terc-butyl(3-oxo-1',2',3',4',8',9',10',11'-octahydro¡n¡[o¡¡n¡¡¡n; 1,6'-pyran[3,2-g:5,6-g']diqu¡nol¡n]-2-¡l)carbamate; oxospiro[isoindo¡n-1,9'-xanthene]-2-yl)propionam¡da; oxospiro[isoindol¡n-1,9'-xanten]-2-il)butiram¡da; (n) (P) (q) N-(3',6'-bis(dietilam¡no)-3N-(3',6'-bis(dietilam¡no)-3N-(3',6'-bis(dietilam¡no)-3oxosp¡ro[iso¡ndol¡n-1,9'-xanten]-2-il)pentanamida. Preferentemente, la sonda de estaño se selecciona de: N-(3',6'-bis(d¡et¡lam¡no)-3-oxosp¡ro[¡so¡ndol¡n-1,9'-xanten]-2-il)propionam¡da; N(3',6'-bis(dietilamino)-3-oxospiro[isoindolin-1,9'-xanten]-2-il)butiram¡da; N-(3',6'b¡s(diet¡lam¡no)-3-oxosp¡ro[¡so¡ndol¡n-1,9'-xanten]-2-¡l)pentanam¡da. Generally, these fluorescent tin probes contain a rhodamine B derivative as a fluorophore, linked via amide entities to a carbacate group. Further details are described in patent no. WO 2015 / 139577 A1 (September 24, 2015) or its equivalent U.S. publication. Preferably, the fluorescent stannous probe is ε-butoxycarboxamide,A / -[3',6'-bis(diethylamino)-3-oxospiro[1H-isoindol-1,9'[9H]xanthen]-H)-yl]. “Microbial fluorescent probe” refers to a fluorescent probe that binds to microbes in a biofilm and fluoresces at a specific wavelength. One class of such probes includes fluorescently labeled oligonucleotides, preferably rRNA-targeted oligonucleotides. Non-limiting examples include SYTO™ brand dyes.A specific example is the fluorescent green nucleic acid dye SYTO® 9, where excitation is at 485 (DNA) and 486 (RNA), and light emission is detected at 498 (DNA) and 501 (RNA). After treatment and immersion, each disk half was stained with the Sn probe along with the Syto-9 probe (containing 5 μM of Syto-9 and 5 pM of Sn probe) for 30 minutes in the dark. For the samples stained with SYTO-9 / SN dye, the following parameters were used: Aex = 488 nm / 560 nm, Aem = 500 / 580 nm, 20X objective lens, and scanning from the bottom of the bacterial surface by 60 pm with a step amplitude of 3 pm. The neutralizing effect of LPS was evaluated using cadaverine BODIPYTR (BC), a fluorescent dye that binds to lipid A, thereby suppressing its fluorescence. BC is displaced by agents with an affinity for this lipid. When LPS is bound by other ions, e.g., stannous, BC is released from the LPS, and its fluorescence is proportional to the amount of free (unbound) BC present. Therefore, the fluorescence level indicates the amount of neutralized (bound) LPS compared to free (unbound) LPS, and the effectiveness of an antibacterial agent in reducing biofilm toxicity. The greater the amount of bound LPS, the lower its toxicity. After treatment and immersion, each disc half was stained with the BODIPY-TR-cadaverine (BC) probe along with the Syto-9 probe (containing 5 pM Syto-9 and 5 pM BC probe) for 30 minutes in the dark. After staining, each disc was immersed statically in 500–1000 µL of PBS solution for 2 minutes. The discs were washed again by holding each disc with forceps, agitating them five times back and forth in 1 mL of PBS solution, and this process was repeated. For the samples stained with SYTO-9 / BC dye, the following parameters were used: Aex = 488 nm / 589 nm, Aem = QC / enn / zznz / E / YiAi 500 / 616 nm, 20X objective lens, and scanning from the bottom of the surface of the bacteria by 60 pm with step amplitude=3 pm. Fluorescently labeled calcium probes are molecules that exhibit increased fluorescence upon binding to Ca2+. The biofilm was labeled with a fluorescent calcium probe. Examples of a fluorescent calcium probe suitable for biofilm labeling could be any one or more of the following compounds: (a) Fluo-3™, AM™, cell-permeable fluorescent dyes; (b) Fluo-3™, Pentapotassium salt, cell-impermeable fluorescent dyes; (c) Fluo-4™, AM™, cell-permeable fluorescent dyes; (d) Fluo-4™, Pentapotassium salt, cell-impermeable fluorescent dyes; (e) Fluo-4 Direct™ Calcium Test Kit; (f) Mag-Fluo-4™, Tetrapotassium salt, cell-impermeable fluorescent dyes; and (g) Fluo-5F™, AM™, cell-permeable fluorescent dyes. One or more of these probes may be marketed by ThermoFisher Scientific Company, Waltham, Massachusetts. Fluo-3™ was used to image the spatial dynamics of Ca2+ signals. The biofilm can be treated with the AM™ ester forms of the calcium probes by adding the dissolved probe directly to the biofilm. Fluo-3™ cell-permeable fluorescent probes, AM™, are useful for staining intracellular and extracellular calcium using confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, and microplate analysis applications (absorption / emission maxima -506 / 526 nm). Concanavalin A™ Conjugate (Con A), Alexa Fluor® 594, is reported to be a reliable alternative for staining biofilm EPS. The Alexa Fluor® 594 Conjugate of Con A exhibits the bright red fluorescence of the Alexa Fluor® 594 dye (absorption / emission maxima -590 / 617 nm). The Concanavalin A™ conjugate, Alexa Fluor® 594, selectively bound to α-mannopyranosyl and α-glucopyranosyl residues that are rich in the EPS portion of the biofilm. A specific example is Concanavalin A™, Fluorescein Conjugate™, where the excitation wavelength is 494 nm, and the maximum light emission is detected at 518 nm. These fluorescent probes for EPS are widely available, as are the details of the QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi procedure on how to use them to quantitatively determine the location and / or amount of EPS. Examples of a fluorescent probe for EPS suitable for labeling the biofilm could be any of the following compounds: (a) Molecular Probes™ Concanavalin A™ Alexa Fluor® 350 Conjúgate™; (b) Molecular Probes™ Concanavalin A™ Alexa Fluor® 488 Conjúgate™; (c) Molecular Probes™ Concanavalin A™ Alexa Fluor® 594 Conjúgate™; (d) Molecular Probes™ Concanavalin A™ Alexa Fluor® 633 Conjúgate™; (e) Molecular Probes™ Concanavalin A™ Alexa Fluor® 647 Conjúgate™; (f) Molecular Probes™ Concanavalin A™ Fluorescein Conjugate™; (g) Molecular Probes™ Concanavalin A™ Oregon Green® 488 Conjúgate™; (h) Molecular Probes™ Concanavalin A™ tetramethylrhodamine Conjugate™; (i) Molecular Probes™ Concanavalin A™ Texas Red® Conjúgate™. One or more of these probes may be marketed by ThermoFisher Scientific Company, Waltham, Massachusetts. After treatment and immersion, each half-disc sample was stained with a dye mixture solution of Fluo-3™ Cell Permeable Fluorescent Probe, AM™, along with Concanavalin A™ Conjugate Probe, Alexa Fluor® 594 (containing 5 µM Fluo-3™ + 5 µM Con-A™) for 30 minutes in the dark. After staining, each sample was immersed statically in 500–1000 µL of PBS solution for 2 minutes. The discs were washed again by holding each disc with tweezers, agitated for five rounds of back-and-forth motion in 1 ml of PBS solution, and the process was repeated. For samples stained with Fluo-3™ conjugate dye, AM™ / Fluor® 594, the following parameters were used: Aex = 506 nm / 590 nm, Aem = 526 / 617 nm, 20X objective lens, and scanning from the bottom of the bacterial surface for 60 µm with a step size of 3 µm. (h) Confocal laser scanning microscopy The Leica™ TCS SP8 AOBS spectral confocal microscope was used. The confocal system consists of a Leica™ DM6000B upright microscope and a Leica™ DMIRE2 inverted microscope. An upright stand was used for applications involving slide-mounted samples, while the inverted stand, which had a 37 °C incubation chamber and CO2 enrichment accessories, provided live-cell applications. The microscopes shared an interchangeable laser scanning head, and QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi, in addition to its own step-driven electric motor, features a high-precision Z-platform driven galvanometer, facilitating rapid focal-plane (Z) imaging. Besides epifluorescence, the microscopes supported a variety of transmitted light contrast methods, including bright field, polarizing light, and differential interference contrast, and were equipped with Leica™ 5x, 20x, 40x, 63x (oil and dry), and 10x (oil) objective lenses. The laser detection and analysis system is described. The TCS SP8 AOBS confocal system was supplied with four lasers (one diode, one argon, and two helium-neon lasers), thus enabling the excitation of a broad range of fluorochromes within the ultraviolet, visible, and far-red regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. The laser scanning head design, which incorporated tunable acoustic-optical filters (AOTFs), an acoustic-optical beam splitter (AOBS), and four prism spectrophotometer detectors, allowed for the simultaneous excitation and detection of three fluorochromes. The upright microscope also had a transmission light detector, making it possible to superimpose a transmitted light image over a fluorescence recording. The Leica™ LAS AF3.3.0 Confocal software was used. The confocal unit was controlled by a standard Pentium PC equipped with dual monitors and running the Leica™ Confocal software. The Leica LAS AF3.3.0 Confocal software (marketed by Leica Lasertechnik GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany) provided an interface for the acquisition, processing, and analysis of multidimensional image series, including 3D reconstruction and measurement, physiological recording and analysis, time-lapse, fluorochrome colocalization, photobleaching techniques such as FRAP and FRET, spectral blending, and multi-color restoration. (i) Image Analysis Tin analysis: Samples stained with SYTO-9 / Sn dye were chosen to quantify the overlap efficiency of red and green pixels. Using software, pixel overlap of “green” bacterial probes and “red” stannous probes was identified, and this value was then divided by all non-black pixels (including non-overlapping stannous probes) to provide a percentage of tin colocalization in bacteria. Generally, the higher this colocalization percentage, the more effective the oral care product was at delivering tin to the bacteria. (See Xiang J, L¡ H, Pan B, Chang J, He Y, He T, Strand R, Shi Y, Dong W. (2018) Penetration and Bactericidal Efficacy of Two Oral Care Products in an Oral Biofilm Model. Am J Dent, Vol. 31, Issue 1: 53-60) QC / enn / zznz / E / YiAi LPS analysis: Samples stained with the SYTO-9 / BC probe were selected to quantify the fluorescence intensity of the red and green pixels. Using software, the fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) of bound LPS / bacterial cell was calculated. This fluorescence intensity ratio indicates the relative amount of (neutralized) bound LPS per unit of bacteria and the effectiveness of an agent in reducing biofilm toxicity. The higher the fluorescence intensity ratio, the greater the endotoxin-neutralizing efficacy of LPS. Ca:EPS; In the Fluo-3™ / Con-ATM stained samples, both fluorescence channels were selected to quantify the fluorescence intensity ratio of green pixels (calcium) to red pixels (EPS), and the Con-A™ fluorescence channel was selected to measure biofilm thickness. Therefore, six selected fields from the Con-A™ fluorescence channel of each sample were evaluated. These fields were considered representative of the entire sample after the observer's overall examination. The distance from the biofilm surface to its base was measured, thus determining the field thickness, and the average biofilm thickness of the corresponding sample was then calculated. Table 2. LPS neutralization, Sn penetration, and EPS thickness QC / enn / zznz / E / YiAi Product Glycine (% w / w) Ca / EPS Ratio EPS Thickness (pm) Sn Penetration (%) LPS Neutralization (%) Ex.1 PBS 0 1.2 28.66 5.30 21 Ex.2 Hops / SnCk / CaCO3 0 0.67 17.57 75.70 63 Ex. 3 Hops / SnCb / CaCO3 + Glycine 2 0.45 9.43 86.86 78 Ex.4 Hops / SnCk / CaCO3 + Glycine 4 1.62 6.15 - - Table 2 shows the benefits of adding a suitable amino acid, such as glycine, to increase LPS neutralization and Sn penetration. Example 1, as shown in Table 1, is a control composition including chloride and phosphate salts. Use of Example 1 resulted in a final EPS thickness of 28.66 µm, Sn penetration of 5.30%, and LPS neutralization of 21%. Example 2 is a toothpaste composition, as shown in Table 1, with beta-hop auxiliary, stannous chloride, and calcium carbonate. Use of Example 2 resulted in a final EPS thickness of 17.57 µm, Sn penetration of 75.70%, and LPS neutralization of 63%. Example 3 is a toothpaste composition, as shown in TABLE 1, with beta hop auxiliary, stannous chloride, calcium carbonate, and 2 wt% glycine. Unexpectedly, the addition of 2% glycine led to a final EPS thickness of 9.43 µm, a Sn penetration of 86.86%, and an LPS neutralization of 78%.In other words, the addition of 2 wt% glycine led to a 15% improvement in Sn penetration, a 25% improvement in LPS neutralization, and a 46% reduction in the EPS biofilm matrix. The addition of 4% glycine, as in Example 4, resulted in a final EPS thickness of 6.15 µm, which was a 65% reduction in EPS thickness compared to the toothpaste in Example 2 (i.e., without glycine). Suitable oral care compositions may have a tin ion penetration of at least 75%, at least 80%, or at least 85%. Furthermore, a suitable oral care composition may have an LPS neutralization of at least 50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, or at least 75%. Additionally, suitable oral care compositions include those that can lead to a reduction in EPS biofilm matrix thickness of at least 45%, at least 50%, at least 55%, at least 60%, or at least 65% relative to an equivalent amino acid-free oral care composition. The dimensions and values ​​described herein should not be understood as strictly limited to the exact numerical values ​​stated. Instead, unless otherwise specified, each such dimension shall mean the stated value and a functionally equivalent range encompassing that value. For example, a dimension described as “40 mm” refers to “approximately 40 mm.” Each document mentioned herein, including any cross-references to related patents or applications and any patent applications or patents to which this application claims priority or benefit, is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety unless expressly excluded or limited otherwise. Mention of any document is not an admission that it constitutes prior art with respect to any invention described or claimed herein or that it alone, or in any combination with QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi any other reference or references, teaches, suggests or describes such invention. Furthermore, to the extent that any meaning or definition of a term in this document conflicts with any meaning or definition of the same term in a document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition assigned to the term in this document shall prevail. Although particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be evident to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is therefore intended that the appended claims encompass all changes and modifications within the scope of this invention.

Claims

The claim is:

1. An oral care composition comprising: (a) from approximately 0.01% to approximately 10%, by weight of the composition, of beta hop acid, preferably wherein the beta hop acid comprises lupulone, colupulone, adlupulone, or combinations thereof, more preferably wherein the beta hop acid comprises an extract of Humulus lupulus, the extract comprising less than 1%, by weight of the extract, of alpha hop acid; and (b) from approximately 0.01% to approximately 10%, by weight of the composition, of amino acid, preferably wherein the amino acid comprises basic amino acid, acidic amino acid, neutral amino acid, or combinations thereof, more preferably wherein the amino acid comprises glycine.

2. The oral care composition of claim 1, wherein the oral care composition comprises from approximately 0.01% to approximately 10%, by weight of the oral care composition, of fluoride, preferably wherein the fluoride comprises sodium fluoride, stannous fluoride, amine fluoride, sodium monofluorophosphate, or combinations thereof.

3. The oral care composition of claim 1, wherein the oral care composition is fluoride-free.

4. The oral care composition of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the oral care composition comprises from approximately 10% to approximately 50%, by weight of the composition, of calcium, and wherein the composition is free from silica abrasive.

5. The composition of claims 1 to 4, wherein the oral care composition comprises from approximately 0.01% to approximately 10%, by weight of the composition, of an antibacterial agent, preferably wherein the antibacterial agent comprises a metal ion source, more preferably wherein the metal ion source comprises tin, zinc, or combinations thereof, even more preferably wherein the tin comprises stannous chloride, stannous fluoride, or combinations thereof. QC / rnn / zznz / E / YiAi 6. A method for altering a dental biofilm in the oral cavity of a patient having dental biofilm in the oral cavity comprising applying an oral care composition to the dental biofilm, wherein the oral care composition comprises: (a) from approximately 0.01% to approximately 10%, by weight of the composition, of beta hop acid, and (b) from approximately 0.01% to approximately 10%, by weight of the composition, of amino acid.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the biofilm has a reduction in EPS thickness of at least 40%, at least 50%, or at least 65%.

8. The method of claim 6 or 7, wherein the oral care composition has a tin ion penetration of at least 75.