GAP-REDUCING ASPHALT MEMBRANE EMULSION

Abstract

This document provides an asphalt membrane emulsion for reducing voids in an asphalt joint, comprising asphalt, an asphalt modifier, mineral filler, an emulsifier, and water. A method for producing the asphalt membrane emulsion is also provided, which includes: forming a first phase; forming a second phase; pumping the first and second phases into a colloid mill; and mixing the first and second phases in the colloid mill to form the asphalt membrane emulsion. The first phase comprises asphalt, an asphalt modifier, and a mineral filler. The second phase comprises water and an emulsifier. A method for applying the asphalt membrane emulsion to fill a crack is also provided.

Description

GAP REDUCING ASPHALT MEMBRANE EMULSION BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of Invention This description relates generally to materials used in pavement and road construction. By way of example, it relates to an asphalt membrane emulsion, which can be used as a crack sealant for longitudinal joints, for non-pavement bonding, as an adhesive coating, as a pavement sealant, as a fog sealant, and as a metal and concrete sealant. Description of the Related Technique In the construction of new roads, it is often necessary to prepare a base course, followed by the subsequent application of successive layers of whatever material is selected for the road, which can be referred to as paving material. During road repair, layers of paving material that are fractured, damaged, or otherwise unsuitable are removed by milling or scraping, leaving an underlying layer exposed. Subsequent layers of paving material are then applied to the underlying base course of a repaired road. Paving the entire width of a road in a single pass is difficult due to the impossibility of closing the roadway for an extended period. Therefore, roads are paved in multiple passes, with each pass typically covering the width of one lane. In the first pass, a layer of hot mix asphalt is applied to the road and compacted. The compaction process increases the density of the pavement by reducing air voids trapped within it. However, the unconfined edge of the paved lane cannot be compacted sufficiently compared to the center of the first pass, resulting in an edge with lower density (due to the presence of air voids). In the second pass, a layer of hot mix asphalt is laid adjacent to the previously paved portion of the road, which is at a lower temperature, forming a longitudinal joint.The differences in temperature of the portions. - 2 previously paved sections as well as insufficient compaction can result in inadequate adhesion and a longitudinal joint that has a lower density than the rest of the paved portions. The increased number of air voids in the longitudinal joint creates permeability across the joint, allowing air and water to intrude. This can lead to cracking and, ultimately, joint failure. These outcomes can be hazardous for vehicles passing over the joint, as well as for roadways. Furthermore, these roadway failures require repairs, resulting in additional time and money, traffic rerouting, and decreased productivity and quality of life for residents of the affected area. In this field, sealing emulsions for longitudinal joints are known and have different characteristics in terms of composition and final physical properties. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to an asphalt membrane emulsion for reducing voids in an asphalt joint. The asphalt membrane emulsion comprises asphalt, an asphalt modifier, a mineral filler material, an emulsifier, and water. The invention relates to a method for producing an asphalt membrane emulsion. The method comprises: forming a first phase; forming a second phase; pumping the first and second phases into a colloid mill; and mixing the first and second phases in the colloid mill to form the asphalt membrane emulsion. The first phase comprises: asphalt; asphalt modifier; and mineral filler material. The second phase comprises: water and an emulsifier. The invention relates to a method of applying an asphalt membrane emulsion to fill a crack. The method comprises applying the asphalt membrane emulsion into a crack, wherein the asphalt membrane emulsion comprises asphalt, an asphalt modifier, mineral filler material, an emulsifier, and water. The asphalt membrane emulsion cures within the crack to form a crack-cured asphalt membrane emulsion. The invention relates to an asphalt surface comprising a crack and an asphalt membrane emulsion cured within the crack. The emulsion of - 3 The asphalt membrane cured within the crack comprises asphalt, an asphalt modifier, a mineral filler material, and an emulsifier. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The following description is illustrative in nature only and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or its uses. Although the description is designed to enable a person skilled in the art to develop and use the invention, and specific examples are provided for that purpose, it should in no way be considered limiting. It will be evident to a person skilled in the art that various modifications to the following will fall within the scope of the appended claims. The present invention should not be considered as limited to the embodiments currently described, provided they are given in the examples or elsewhere herein. The use of numerical values ​​within the various intervals specified in this application, unless expressly stated otherwise, is intended as approximations of the minimum and maximum values ​​within the stated intervals, both preceded by the term "approximately." Thus, slight variations above and below the stated intervals can be used to obtain substantially the same results within those intervals. Unless otherwise stated, these intervals are intended to be described as a continuous range encompassing every value between the minimum and maximum values.For example, a given interval from “1 to 10” should be considered to include any and all sub-intervals between (and including) the minimum value of 1 and the maximum value of 10; that is, all sub-intervals beginning with a minimum value of 1 or greater and ending with a maximum value of 10 or less, for example, from 1 to 3.3, from 4.7 to 7.5, from 5.5 to 10, and so forth. For the definitions provided herein, those definitions that refer to word forms, cognates, or grammatical variants of these words or phrases are not included. The terms “a” and “one” are intended to refer to one or more. The present invention relates to an asphalt membrane emulsion for reducing voids in an asphalt joint, comprising asphalt, a modifier of - 4 asphalt, mineral filler material, an emulsifier and water. The term “asphalt membrane emulsion” refers to an emulsion that includes asphalt, an asphalt modifier, mineral filler material, an emulsifier, and water. As used herein, the term “asphalt” refers to any paving material based on asphaltic material that can be used to construct and repair roads. These materials include asphalt, asphalt binders, asphalt cements, asphalt-based cements, asphalt concrete, backcut asphalts, emulsified asphalts, modified asphalts, bituminous material, bitumen, and the like. A person generally skilled in the field will understand that the asphalt membrane emulsion described can be used as an adhesive to bond layers of any asphaltic material together. Asphalt has several properties, including penetration grade, viscosity grade, and performance grade. Penetration grade refers to the depth a 100-gram needle will penetrate into a section of asphalt material when applied to the material for 5 seconds at an ambient temperature of 25 degrees Celsius (77 degrees Fahrenheit). Penetration grade is measured in tenths of a millimeter (dmm). Thus, asphalt with a penetration grade of 50 dmm is asphalt in which a 100-gram needle penetrates the material to a depth of 5 mm after 5 seconds at an ambient temperature of 25 degrees Celsius. Penetration grades can be tested according to AASHTO T-49, developed by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) and promulgated by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.A non-limiting example of an asphalt is a bitumen asphalt that has a nominal penetration between 40 and 60. Asphalt is graded for performance based on climate, with reference to a high pavement surface temperature and a low pavement service temperature. To determine the high pavement surface temperature of the asphalt, a 7-day maximum pavement temperature average is used. Since thermal cracking can occur as a result of a cold night, the service temperature of - 5 pavement low is the minimum pavement temperature that is likely to be experienced in a low temperature climate. Non-limiting examples of suitable asphalts include an asphalt having a 7-day maximum average pavement temperature of 64°C and a minimum pavement temperature of -22°C (performance grade (PG) 64-22), an asphalt having a 7-day maximum average pavement temperature of 58°C and a minimum pavement temperature of -28°C (PG 58-28), an asphalt having a 7-day maximum average pavement temperature of 58°C and a minimum pavement temperature of -22°C (PG 58-22), an asphalt having a 7-day maximum average pavement temperature of 52°C and a minimum pavement temperature of -28°C (PG 52-28), an asphalt having a 7-day maximum average pavement temperature of 52°C and a minimum pavement temperature of -22°C (PG 52-22),An asphalt having a 7-day maximum average pavement temperature of 52°C and a minimum pavement temperature of 34°C (PG 52-34), an asphalt having a 7-day maximum average pavement temperature of 58°C and a minimum pavement temperature of -34°C (PG 58-34), or combinations thereof. In a non-limiting modality, the asphalt is PG 52-28, PG 58-28, PG 64-22, PG 58-22, PG 64-28, or combinations thereof. Performance grading may be tested in accordance with AASHTO M-320 or ASTM D6373-16 (or a previous equivalent version). A person generally knowledgeable in the field will understand that an asphalt with a viscosity grade or penetration degradation similar to performance-graded asphalt can be used as a suitable asphalt. As used herein, an “asphalt modifier” refers to a material that interacts physically and / or chemically with asphalt to form a modified asphalt. The asphalt modifier may be a polymeric material comprising one or more crosslinkable groups. As used herein, “modified asphalt” refers to asphalt that has been physically and / or chemically combined with one or more additional materials. As a class, “polymers” can include, without limitation, Polymers can be homopolymers, heteropolymers, or copolymers, block polymers, or block copolymers, and can be either natural or synthetic. Homopolymers contain one type of building block, or monomer, while copolymers contain more than one type of monomer. An “oligomer” can be a polymer comprising a small number of monomers, such as, for example, from 3 to 100 monomeric residues. The asphalt modifier is a polymer that may be selected from at least one of the following non-limiting examples: styrene-butadiene, styrene-butadiene-styrene, polystyrene, or combinations thereof. The asphalt modifier is a linear polymer that has little or no effect on the viscosity of the asphalt membrane emulsion. In a non-limiting embodiment, the asphalt modifier is not a radial polymer. In a non-limiting embodiment, the asphalt modifier is styrene-butadiene-styrene. In a non-limiting embodiment, the asphalt modifier is linear styrene-butadiene-styrene having a maximum of 35 wt% styrene, such as 30 wt% styrene. Non-limiting commercial suppliers of styrene-butadiene-styrene asphalt modifiers include, but are not limited to: Dynasol, Kraton, KUMHO, Kibiton, En Chaun Chemical, Dexco, and LG. Blends of any of the above asphalt modifiers may be used. As used herein, “mineral filler material” means finely divided mineral matter such as rock dust, mineral dust, sand, slag dust, lime, fly ash, Portland cement, loess, combinations thereof, or mixtures thereof. Mineral filler material has a fineness that permits it to pass through a 50-mesh sieve, such as mineral filler material having a particle size of less than 300 micrometers (µm), such as less than 297 µm. A non-limiting example of a suitable mineral filler material is lime. Lime may be calcium-based, magnesium-based, or a combination of both. In a non-limiting embodiment, lime is magnesium-based lime. Lime may be agricultural-grade lime, ASTM-grade lime, or a combination of agricultural-grade and ASTM-grade lime. Agricultural-grade lime consists of calcium carbonate limestone that is crushed to a fine powder.ASTM grade lime is hydrated lime and may include ordinary lime (type N), air-entrained ordinary lime (type NA), special hydrated lime (type S), or. ML / t / ZUZZ / UI Oóóó - 7 special air-entrained lime (type SA) in accordance with ASTM C207-18 (or previous equivalent version). The emulsifier can be selected depending on whether the asphalt membrane emulsion is to be cationic (e.g., a cationic asphalt membrane emulsion), anionic (e.g., an anionic asphalt membrane emulsion), or isoelectric (e.g., an isoelectric asphalt membrane emulsion). The emulsifier may include a quaternary ammonium salt fatty acid-based emulsifier suitable for producing stable cationic asphalt emulsions containing a high fraction of medium- and high-molecular-weight (HMW, MMW) species (greater than 5 kiloDa, as determined by THF gel permeation chromatography). Examples of such emulsifiers include Redicote E-11 E, Redicote E11 HF-1, and Indulin AA-57D. In a non-limiting example, the emulsifier is Redicote E11HF. The emulsifier used in an anionic emulsion may include one or more zwitterionic emulsifiers, which are suitable for producing stable anionic asphalt emulsions containing a large fraction of MMW species (MMW range of 45 to 5 kDa). Examples of such emulsifiers include Redicote E-7000 and Indulin W-5. The emulsifier used in an isoelectric emulsion may include one or more zwitterionic emulsifiers, which are suitable for producing stable isoelectric asphalt emulsions containing a large fraction of HMW and MMW species (greater than 5 kDa), with or without modification of the pH of the asphalt membrane emulsion. The isoelectric point (pI) of an emulsion is the pH at which the emulsion simultaneously has an anionic and a cationic (neutral) charge. Mixtures of any of the above emulsifiers can be used. The emulsifier in an asphalt membrane emulsion can have an isoelectric point between pH 4.5 and 8, such as 6 to 8. Using this emulsifier in an asphalt membrane emulsion may eliminate the need for acid. Thus, in some non-limiting applications, the asphalt membrane emulsion can be acid-free. - 8 The asphalt membrane emulsion may optionally include an acid. The acid may be included in a cationic emulsion. The acid may be included in an amount such that the pH of the asphalt membrane emulsion is between 1 and 3. Non-limiting examples of acids include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid, and combinations thereof. The asphalt membrane emulsion may optionally include a base. The base may be included in an anionic emulsion. The base may be included in an amount such that the pH of the asphalt membrane emulsion is between 9 and 12. Non-limiting examples of suitable bases include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and combinations thereof. The asphalt membrane emulsion may optionally include a thickener. As used herein, a “thickener” refers to a material that increases the viscosity of the fluid composition (e.g., a liquid or an emulsion) to which it is added. The thickener may comprise a water-soluble cellulose backbone and ether-containing substituents. The thickener may be selected from at least one of the following non-limiting examples: methylcellulose (MC), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC), ethyl hydroxyethylcellulose (EHEC), hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC), methylhydroxypropylcellulose (MHPC), methylethyl hydroxyethylcellulose (MEHEC), or combinations thereof. In a non-limiting embodiment, the thickener is methylhydroxypropylcellulose.Non-limiting commercial examples of thickeners include, but are not limited to: KlucelMR [Aqualon]; Glutolin [Kalle]; CMC7HC [Hercules]; Methocel A [Dow]; CellosizeMR [Union Carbide]; and Bermocoll [Nouryon]. Mixtures of any of the above thickeners may be used. The asphalt membrane emulsion may optionally include a sulfur crosslinker. As used herein, “sulfur crosslinker” refers to a component having a sulfur atom suitable for crosslinking asphalt with crosslinkable groups on the asphalt modifier component. The sulfur crosslinker may be added to the asphalt membrane emulsion as a liquid or powder component. Non-limiting commercial suppliers of sulfur crosslinker include, but are not limited to: Alberty Additives, Hexpol, and Performance Technology distributors. - 9 Services and S&B. Non-limiting examples of suitable sulfur crosslinkers are Alberty Additives' AS2000 and AS-3000. Mixtures of any of the above sulfur crosslinkers may be used. The present invention relates to a method for producing an asphalt membrane emulsion. The method involves forming a first phase; forming a second phase; pumping the first and second phases into a colloid mill; and mixing the first and second phases in the colloid mill to form the asphalt membrane emulsion. As used herein, “colloidal mill” refers to a machine used to reduce the size of droplets in an emulsion. The first phase may include asphalt, asphalt modifier, and mineral filler. The first phase may optionally include a sulfur crosslinker, or it may be free of a sulfur crosslinker. The first phase may have the components described above in the following intervals in Table A. Table A Raw material Preferred range (% by weight) Preferred range (% by weight) Preferred range (% by weight) Range (% by weight) Asphalt 85-91 82-92 68-94 50-96 Asphalt modifier 6-10 4-12 2-14 1-15 Mineral filler material 3-7 2-8 1-10 0.5-12 Sulfur crosslinker (optional) 0.05-0.6 0.03-0.7 0.02-1.5 0.01-3 To form the first phase, the asphalt is heated to a temperature of -10 degrees Celsius (approximately 149 degrees Fahrenheit), such as from 149 to 177 degrees Celsius (300 to 350 degrees Fahrenheit). The asphalt modifier is added to the asphalt using line mixing, tank mixing, line grinding, or combinations thereof to form a modified asphalt. The optional sulfur crosslinker is added to the modified asphalt using line mixing, tank mixing, line grinding, or combinations thereof. The mineral filler is added to the modified asphalt or the sulfur-modified asphalt using line mixing, tank mixing, line grinding, or combinations thereof. In a non-limiting embodiment, the sulfur crosslinker is added to the first stage before the addition of the mineral filler. The second phase may comprise water and an emulsifier. The second phase may optionally include an acid and / or a base, or the second phase may be free of an acid and / or a base. The second phase may optionally include a thickener, or the second phase may be free of a thickener. The emulsifier can be selected, depending on whether the second phase is to be cationic (e.g., a cationic second phase), anionic (e.g., an anionic second phase) or isoelectric (e.g., an isoelectric second phase). The emulsifier in the second phase can have an isoelectric point between pH 4.5 and 8, such as 6 and 8. Using such an emulsifier in the second phase can modify it so that no acid or base is required. Thus, in some non-limiting applications, the second phase can be free of an acid or a base. The resulting emulsion (the combination of the first and second phases) will exhibit properties of both an anionic and a cationic emulsion. In a non-limiting embodiment, the asphalt membrane emulsion is a cationic asphalt membrane emulsion, wherein the cationic membrane emulsion comprises a cationic emulsifier. The second phase may include an acid. The acid may be used with a cationic emulsifier. The acid may be included in an amount such that the pH of the second phase is between 1 and 3. IVIA / t / ZUZZ / UI Oóóü - 12 from 9 to 12. The asphalt membrane emulsion can be formed by pumping the first and second phases into a colloid mill and mixing them to form the asphalt membrane emulsion. The asphalt emulsion can be formed from a mixture of the first and second phases described above, and the phases described above can be in the proportions specified in Table C. Table C raw material preferred range (% by weight) preferred range (% by weight) preferred range (% by weight) range (% by weight) first phase 55-70 50-75 45-80 40-85 second phase 30-45 25-50 20-55 15-60 The first phase is heated to a temperature of at least 182 degrees Celsius (360 degrees Fahrenheit), specifically between 182 and 193 degrees Celsius (360 and 380 degrees Fahrenheit), and pumped into a colloid mill. The second phase is heated to a temperature of at least 38 degrees Celsius (100 degrees Fahrenheit), specifically between 38 and 49 degrees Celsius (100 and 120 degrees Fahrenheit), and pumped into the colloid mill. When the first and second phases are mixed in the colloid mill to form the asphalt membrane emulsion, the resulting emulsion does not exceed a temperature of more than 100 degrees Celsius (212 degrees Fahrenheit). The mixed first and second phases exit the colloid mill at a temperature of approximately 96 degrees Celsius (205 degrees Fahrenheit). In any of the asphalt membrane emulsions described above, the first phase and the second phase can be stored in separate tanks before mixing to form the asphalt membrane emulsion. The asphalt membrane emulsion formed from the materials The 13 materials identified above, applied in the manner described above, can be used to fill a crack. For example, asphalt membrane emulsion is formed from the materials identified above in the manner described above and comprises a mixture of a first phase and a second phase. The asphalt membrane emulsion is applied within the crack. The asphalt membrane emulsion cures within the crack to form a crack-cured asphalt membrane emulsion. Asphalt membrane emulsion can be applied inside the crack using a conventional asphalt emulsion sprayer, a bonding trolley, a hand-held sprayer, or a combination thereof. Alternatively, it can be applied using a mechanical pumping device consisting of a hose and a nozzle attached to the end. The application rate can be adjusted to any suitable rate or quantity. Application rates range from 0.9 L / m² to 1.4 L / m² (0.2 to 3 gallons of emulsion per square yard), depending on the asphalt membrane emulsion material being applied and the application method. When asphalt membrane is applied to a crack, the asphalt membrane emulsion can be heated to a suitable temperature for uniform application of the composition. In non-limiting applications, the asphalt membrane emulsion can be between 54°C and 93°C (130°F to 200°F) when applied, for example, between 66°C and 82°C (150°F to 180°F). Once the asphalt membrane emulsion is applied to a crack, it can be allowed to cure. Curing can occur in 60 minutes or less, such as 45 minutes or less, 30 minutes or less, 15 minutes or less, or even 2 minutes or less, depending on environmental conditions (e.g., temperature, direct sunlight, humidity, and airflow), the application rate, the application temperature, and combinations thereof.The composition of the asphalt membrane emulsion can affect the drying or curing time. A warm, dry environment (low humidity) accelerates the curing of the asphalt membrane emulsion. The present invention relates to an asphalt surface that - 14 comprises a crack and a cured asphalt membrane emulsion within the crack. When cured, the cured asphalt membrane emulsion within the crack comprises asphalt, an asphalt modifier, mineral filler material, and an emulsifier. Asphalt membrane emulsion, when applied to a surface or within a crack, when cured, may exhibit a plume rating between 20 and 80, such as between 40 and 70. Asphalt membrane emulsion, when applied to a surface or within a crack, when cured, may exhibit an original dynamic shear rheometer (ODSR) test value, according to AASHTO M320, of at least 82.5 kilopascals (kPa), such as between 88.7 and 92.3 kPa. The following numbered clauses are illustrative of various aspects of the invention: Clause 1: An asphalt membrane emulsion for reducing voids in an asphalt joint comprising asphalt, an asphalt modifier, mineral filler material, an emulsifier, and water Clause 2: The asphalt membrane emulsion of Clause 1, wherein the asphalt comprises a performance grade (PG) 64-22, PG 58-28, PG 58-22, PG 52-28, PG 52-22, PG 52-34, PG 58-34, or combinations thereof. Clause 3: The asphalt membrane emulsion of clause 1, wherein the asphalt comprises a performance grade (PG) 52-28, PG 58-28, PG 64-22, or combinations thereof. Clause 4: The asphalt membrane emulsion of clause 1, wherein the asphalt comprises a performance grade (PG) 58-28, PG 52-28, or combinations thereof. Clause 5: The asphalt membrane emulsion of any of clauses 1 to 4, wherein the asphalt modifier comprises styrene butadiene, styrene butadiene styrene, polystyrene or combinations thereof. Clause 6: The asphalt membrane emulsion of clause 5, wherein the asphalt modifier comprises styrene butadiene styrene. Clause 7: The asphalt membrane emulsion of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the mineral filler material comprises rock dust, - 15 mineral powder, sand, slag powder, lime, fly ash, Portland cement, loess, combinations thereof or mixtures thereof. Clause 8: The asphalt membrane emulsion of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the mineral filler material comprises lime. Clause 9: The asphalt membrane emulsion of clause 8, wherein the lime comprises calcium-based lime, magnesium-based lime, or combinations thereof. Clause 10: The asphalt membrane emulsion of any of clauses 8 to 9, wherein the lime comprises agricultural lime, ASTM grade lime, or combinations thereof. Clause 11: The asphalt membrane emulsion of any of claim 10, wherein the ASTM lime comprises type N, type NA, type S, type SA, or combinations thereof. Clause 12: The asphalt membrane emulsion of any of the preceding clauses, wherein the asphalt membrane emulsion is a cationic asphalt membrane emulsion. Clause 13: The asphalt membrane emulsion of clause 12, wherein the cationic asphalt membrane emulsion comprises a cationic emulsifier. Clause 14: The asphalt membrane emulsion of clause 13, wherein the cationic emulsifier is selected from the group consisting of Redicote E-11E, Redicote El 1HF and Indulin AA-57D. Clause 15: The asphalt membrane emulsion of clause 14, wherein the cationic emulsifier is Redicote El 1HF. Clause 16: The asphalt membrane emulsion of clause 12, wherein the asphalt membrane emulsion does not comprise an acid. Clause 17: The asphalt membrane emulsion of clause 1, wherein the asphalt membrane emulsion is an anionic asphalt membrane emulsion. Clause 18: The asphalt membrane emulsion of clause 17, wherein the anionic asphalt membrane emulsion comprises an anionic emulsifier. Clause 19: The asphalt membrane emulsion of clause 17, in - 16 where the asphalt membrane emulsion comprises a base. Clause 20: The asphalt membrane emulsion of clause 19, wherein the base comprises sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or combinations thereof. Clause 21: The asphalt membrane emulsion of clause 13, wherein the cationic emulsifier is a quaternary ammonium salt-based emulsifier. Clause 22: The asphalt membrane emulsion of any of the preceding clauses, further comprising a thickener. Clause 23: The asphalt membrane emulsion of clause 22, wherein the thickener comprises a water-soluble cellulose backbone and ether-containing substituents. Clause 24: The asphalt membrane emulsion of clause 23, wherein the thickener comprises methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, ethyl hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, methyl hydroxypropylcellulose, methyl ethyl hydroxyethylcellulose or combinations thereof. Clause 25: The asphalt membrane emulsion of clause 24, wherein the thickener is methyl hydroxypropylcellulose. Clause 26: The asphalt membrane emulsion of any of the preceding clauses, further comprising a sulfur crosslinker. Clause 27: A method for producing an asphalt membrane emulsion, the method comprising: forming a first phase comprising: asphalt; asphalt modifier and mineral filler material; forming a second phase comprising: water; and an emulsifier; pumping the first phase and the second phase into a colloid mill; and mixing the first phase and the second phase in the colloid mill to form the asphalt membrane emulsion. Clause 28: The method of Clause 27, wherein the formation of the first phase comprises: heating the asphalt to a temperature of at least approximately 149 degrees Celsius (300 degrees Fahrenheit); adding the asphalt modifier using in-line mixing, tank mixing, in-line grinding, or combinations thereof to form a modified asphalt; and adding the mineral filler material - 17 to modified asphalt using in-line mixing, tank mixing, in-line grinding or combinations thereof. Clause 29: The method of clause 27, wherein the first phase comprises, by weight, between approximately 50% and 96% asphalt, between approximately 1% and 15% asphalt modifier, and between approximately 0.5% and 12% mineral filler material. Clause 30: The method of clause 27, wherein the first phase further comprises a sulfur crosslinker comprising, by weight, between approximately 0.01% and approximately 3%. Clause 31: The method of any of clauses 27 to 30, wherein the sulfur crosslinker is added to the modified asphalt before adding the mineral filler material. Clause 32: The method of any of clauses 27 to 29, wherein the asphalt comprises a performance grade (PG) 64-22, PG 58-28, PG 58-22, PG 52-28, PG 52-22, PG 52-34, PG 58-34 or combinations thereof. Clause 33: The method of any of clauses 27 to 29, wherein the asphalt comprises a performance grade (PG) 52-28, PG 58-28, PG 64-22 or combinations thereof. Clause 34: The method of any of clauses 27 to 29, wherein the asphalt comprises a performance grade (PG) 58-28, PG 52-28 or combinations thereof. Clause 35: The method of any of clauses 27 to 29, wherein the asphalt modifier comprises styrene butadiene, styrene butadiene styrene, polystyrene or combinations thereof. Clause 36: The method of clause 35, wherein the asphalt modifier comprises styrene butadiene styrene. Clause 37: The method of clauses 27 to 29, wherein the mineral filler material comprises rock dust, mineral dust, sand, slag dust, lime, fly ash, Portland cement, loess, combinations thereof or mixtures thereof. - 18 Clause 38: The method of clause 37, wherein the mineral filler material comprises lime. Clause 39: The asphalt membrane emulsion of clause 38, wherein the lime comprises calcium-based lime, magnesium-based lime, or combinations thereof. Clause 40: The asphalt membrane emulsion of any of clauses 38 to 39, wherein the lime comprises agricultural lime, ASTM grade lime, or combinations thereof. Clause 41: The asphalt membrane emulsion of any of clause 40, wherein the ASTM lime comprises type N, type NA, type S, type SA, or combinations thereof. Clause 42: The method of clause 27, wherein the formation of the second phase comprises: heating the water to a temperature of at least 49 degrees Celsius (120 degrees Fahrenheit); and mixing in the emulsifier. Clause 43: The method of clause 27, wherein the second phase comprises, by weight, between approximately 80% and 99% water and between approximately 0.5% and 12% emulsifier. Clause 44: The method of clause 43, wherein the second phase further comprises a thickener comprising, by weight, between 0.05% and 5%. Clause 45: The method of clause 27, wherein the asphalt membrane emulsion is a cationic asphalt membrane emulsion. Clause 46: The method of clause 45, wherein the cationic asphalt membrane emulsion comprises a cationic emulsifier in the second phase. Clause 47: The method of clause 46, wherein the cationic emulsifier is selected from the group consisting of Redicote E-11E, Redicote E-11HF and Indulin AA-57D. Clause 48: The method of clause 47, wherein the cationic emulsifier is Redicote E-11HF. Clause 49: The method of clause 46, wherein the cationic emulsifier is a quaternary ammonium salt-based emulsifier. - 19 Clause 50: The method of clause 46, wherein the second phase does not comprise an acid. Clause 51: The method of clauses 43 to 49, wherein the second phase further comprises between 0.5 percent by weight and 3 percent by weight of an acid to obtain a pH between approximately 1 and approximately 3. Clause 52: The method of clause 51, wherein the acid is added after the emulsifier. Clause 53: The method of clause 27, wherein the asphalt membrane emulsion is an anionic asphalt membrane emulsion. Clause 54: The method of clause 53, wherein the anionic asphalt membrane emulsion comprises an anionic emulsifier in the second phase. Clause 55: The method of clauses 53 to 54, wherein the second phase further comprises, by weight, between 0.1% and 0.3% of a base to obtain a pH between approximately 9 and approximately 12. Clause 56: The method of clause 27, wherein the first phase comprises, by weight, between approximately 40% and approximately 85%, and the second phase comprises, by weight, between approximately 15% and approximately 60%. Clause 57: The method of clause 27, wherein the first phase is heated to a temperature of at least 182 degrees Celsius (360 degrees Fahrenheit) and pumped into the colloid mill. Clause 58: The method of clause 27, wherein the second phase is heated to a temperature of at least 38 degrees Celsius (100 degrees Fahrenheit) and pumped into the colloid mill. Clause 59: The method of clause 27, wherein the asphalt membrane emulsion does not exceed a temperature of more than 100 degrees Celsius (212 degrees Fahrenheit). Clause 60: A method of filling a crack, comprising: supplying the asphalt membrane emulsion, wherein the asphalt membrane emulsion comprises an asphalt, an asphalt modifier, a mineral filler material, an emulsifier, and water; applying the asphalt membrane emulsion within a crack; and IVIA / t / ZUZZ / UI Oóóü - 20 cure the asphalt membrane emulsion inside the crack. Clause 61: The method of clause 60, wherein the asphalt comprises a performance grade (PG) 64-22, PG 58-28, PG 58-22, PG 52-28, PG 52-22, PG 52-34, PG 58-34 or combinations thereof. Clause 62: The asphalt membrane emulsion of clause 60, wherein the asphalt comprises (PG) 52-28, PG 58-28, PG 64-22 or combinations thereof. Clause 63: The asphalt membrane emulsion of clause 60, wherein the asphalt comprises a performance grade (PG) 58-28, PG 52-28 or combinations thereof. Clause 64: The method of clause 60, wherein the asphalt modifier comprises styrene butadiene, styrene butadiene styrene, polystyrene or combinations thereof. Clause 65: The method of clause 64, wherein the asphalt modifier comprises styrene butadiene styrene. Clause 66: The method of clause 60, wherein the mineral filler material comprises rock dust, mineral dust, sand, slag dust, lime, fly ash, Portland cement, loess, combinations thereof or mixtures thereof. Clause 67: The method of clause 66, wherein the mineral filler material comprises lime. Clause 68: The asphalt membrane emulsion of clause 67, wherein the lime comprises calcium-based lime, magnesium-based lime, or combinations thereof. Clause 69: The asphalt membrane emulsion of any of clauses 67 to 68, wherein the lime comprises agricultural lime, ASTM grade lime, or combinations thereof. Clause 70: The asphalt membrane emulsion of any of clause 69, wherein the ASTM lime comprises type N, type NA, type S, type SA, or combinations thereof. Clause 71: The method of any of clauses 60 to 70, where the - 21 asphalt membrane emulsion further comprises a sulfur crosslinker. Clause 72: The method of clause 60, wherein the asphalt membrane emulsion is a cationic asphalt membrane emulsion. Clause 73: The method of clause 72, wherein the emulsifier is a cationic emulsifier. Clause 74: The method of clause 73, wherein the cationic emulsifier is selected from the group consisting of Redicote E-11E, Redicote E-11HF and Indulin AA-57D. Clause 75: The method of clause 74, wherein the cationic emulsifier is Redicote El 1HF. Clause 76: The method of clause 73, wherein the cationic emulsifier is a quaternary ammonium salt-based emulsifier. Clause 77: The method of clause 72, wherein the asphalt membrane emulsion does not comprise an acid. Clause 78: The method of clause 60, wherein the asphalt membrane emulsion is an anionic asphalt membrane emulsion. Clause 79: The method of clause 78, wherein the emulsifier is an anionic emulsifier. Clause 80: The method of clause 79, wherein the asphalt membrane emulsion further comprises a base. Clause 81: The method of clause 60, wherein the asphalt membrane emulsion further comprises a thickener. Clause 82: The method of clause 60, wherein the asphalt membrane emulsion is applied by a standard spray distributor, a bonding carrier trolley, a handheld sprayer, or combinations thereof. Clause 83: The method of clause 60, wherein the asphalt membrane emulsion is cured by heating. Clause 84: An asphalt surface comprising a crack and a cured asphalt membrane emulsion within the crack, wherein the cured asphalt membrane emulsion within the crack comprises asphalt, a modifier of - 22 asphalt, a mineral filler material and an emulsifier. Clause 85: The asphalt surface of clause 84, wherein the cured asphalt membrane emulsion has a plume rating between 20 and 80. Clause 86: The asphalt surface of clause 84, wherein the cured asphalt membrane emulsion has an ODSR value of at least 82.5 kiloPascals. Clause 87: The asphalt surface of clause 84, wherein the asphalt comprises a performance grade (PG) 64-22, PG 58-28, PG 58-22, PG 52-28, PG 52-22, PG 52-34, PG 58-34, or combinations thereof. Clause 88: The asphalt surface of clause 84, wherein the asphalt comprises (PG) 52-28, PG 58-28, PG 64-22 or combinations thereof. Clause 89: The asphalt membrane emulsion of clause 84, wherein the asphalt comprises a performance grade (PG) 58-28, PG 52-28 or combinations thereof. Clause 90: The method of clause 84, wherein the asphalt modifier comprises styrene butadiene, styrene butadiene styrene, polystyrene or combinations thereof. Clause 91: The method of clause 90, wherein the asphalt modifier comprises styrene butadiene styrene. Clause 92: The method of clause 84, wherein the mineral filler material comprises rock dust, mineral dust, sand, slag dust, lime, fly ash, Portland cement, loess, combinations thereof or mixtures thereof. Clause 93: The method of clause 92, wherein the mineral filler material comprises lime. Clause 94: The asphalt membrane emulsion of clause 93, wherein the lime comprises calcium-based lime, magnesium-based lime, or combinations thereof. Clause 95: The asphalt membrane emulsion of any of clauses 93 to 94, wherein the lime comprises agricultural lime, ASTM grade lime, or combinations thereof. Clause 96: The asphalt membrane emulsion of any of the IVIA / I Oóóó - 23 clause 95, where ASTM lime comprises type N, type NA, type S, type SA or combinations thereof. Clause 97: The method of any of clauses 84 to 96, wherein the asphalt membrane emulsion further comprises a sulfur crosslinker. Clause 98: The method of clause 84, wherein the asphalt membrane emulsion is a cationic asphalt membrane emulsion. Clause 99: The method of clause 84, wherein the emulsifier is a cationic emulsifier. Clause 100: The method of clause 99, wherein the cationic emulsifier is selected from the group consisting of Redicote E-11E, Redicote E-11HF and Indulin AA-57D. Clause 101: The method of clause 100, wherein the cationic emulsifier is Redicote El 1HF. Clause 102: The method of clause 99, wherein the cationic emulsifier is a quaternary ammonium salt-based emulsifier. Clause 103: The method of any of clauses 98 to 102, wherein the asphalt membrane emulsion does not comprise an acid. Clause 104: The method of clause 84, wherein the asphalt membrane emulsion is an anionic asphalt membrane emulsion. Clause 105: The method of clause 84, wherein the emulsifier is an anionic emulsifier. Clause 106: The method of any of clauses 104 to 105, wherein the asphalt membrane emulsion further comprises a base. Clause 107: The method of any of clauses 84 to 106, wherein the asphalt membrane emulsion further comprises a thickener. The following examples are presented to illustrate the general principles of the invention. The invention should not be considered as limited to the specific examples presented. EXAMPLES ivia / t / zuzz / ui oóóó Example 1 - 24 The raw materials in Table 1 below were combined according to the process described in Table 1 to form the first phase A of asphalt. Table 1 Raw material % by weight recommended range % by weight process asphalt 87.87 85-89 Heat to 149-177°C (300-350°F) for modification Heat to 193°C (380°F) for emulsification Styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) 6.75 6-8 Add to heated asphalt using in-line mixing, tank mixing and / or in-line grinding to form SBS-modified asphalt Sulfur crosslinker 0.38 0.25-0.5 Add to SBS-modified asphalt using in-line mixing, tank mixing and / or in-line grinding to form SBS and sulfur-modified asphalt Mineral filler material 5 3-7 Add to SBS-modified and sulfur-modified asphalt using in-line mixing, tank mixing and / or in-line grinding Example 2 The raw materials in Table 2 below were combined according to - 25 with the process described in Table 1 to form the second cationic A phase. Table 2 ML / t / ZUZZ / UI Oóóó Raw material % by weight recommended range % by weight process water 94.5 92-97 ambient temperature and municipally supplied having a pH of 6-8 thickener 0.5 0-1% Heat the mixed water and thickener to 49°C (120°F), while mixing, until the thickener has completely dissolved in the water (optional) emulsifier 5 3.5-6 any emulsifier recommended for highly viscous asphalt products, such as quaternary ammonium salt emulsifier, is added to the premix while the temperature is maintained at 49°C (120°F). The mixer speed and mixing time are adjusted so that the emulsifier has a chemical interaction with the thickener until rheological modification occurs, as confirmed by a continuous wave contour without fixed points. For low viscosity asphalt products without a thickener, the water and The emulsifier mixture is heated to 49°C (120°F) while mixing acid 0 0-0.5. Add acid, when used, to a mixture of water to obtain a pH between 1 and 3. Example 3 The first asphalt phase A and the second cationic phase A from Examples 1 and 2, respectively, are combined in the amounts and according to the processes described in Table 3 to form the asphalt emulsion membrane A. Table 3 raw material % by weight recommended range of % by weight process second phase A cationic 35 30-40 run the second phase A cationic through a colloid mill at 38-49°C (100-120°F) first phase A of asphalt 65 60-70 add first phase A of asphalt to colloid mill at 182-193°C (360-380°F); ensure that the mixture at the outlet of the colloid mill does not exceed 100°C (212°F) so that the water does not separate by boiling (the ideal outlet temperature is 96°C (205°F)) The physical properties associated with asphalt membrane emulsion A are as shown in Table 4. The unit for paddle Cannon viscosity is - 27 milliPascal-seconds (mPa-s). Equivalent ASTM methods, AASHTO methods, or other standard tests may be used. Table 4 IVIA / t / ZUZZ / UI Oóóü Test Procedure Recommended Values ​​Saybolt Viscosity (seconds) (optional) AASHTO T 59 100-400 seconds Paddle Cannon Viscosity (mPa·s) AASHTO T382 minimum, 500 mPa·s at 50°C Sieve (%) AASHTO T 59 maximum, 0.10% Storage Stability, 24 hours (%) AASHTO T 59 maximum 1% in 24 hours % Residue by Evaporation (%) ASTM D 7404 minimum, 65% The physical properties associated with the residue of asphalt membrane emulsion A are shown in Table 5, where DSR stands for dynamic shear rheometer and MSCR stands for multiple stress corrugation recovery. The unit for rotational viscosity is centipoise (cP). Equivalent ASTM methods, AASHTO methods, or other standard tests may be used. Table 5 Test procedure Recommended values ​​Pen on evaporation residue AASHTO T 49 20-80 DSR tests AASHTO M320 88 minutes of original DSR (ODSR) 90 minutes temperature TruGrade DSR test MSCR AASHTO M350 MSCR grade E on residue without aging rotational viscosity ASTM D4402 / D4402M Max 3000 cPa 135°C Max 600 cPa at 165°C Max 350 cP at 176.6°C It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the field that modifications can be made to the invention without departing from the concepts described in the preceding description. Consequently, the specific embodiments described in detail herein are merely illustrative and do not limit the scope of the invention, which is provided by the full scope of the appended claims and any and all equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. An asphalt membrane emulsion for reducing voids in an asphalt joint, characterized in that it comprises asphalt, an asphalt modifier, a mineral filler material, an emulsifier, and water.

2. The asphalt membrane emulsion according to claim 1, characterized in that the asphalt comprises a performance grade (PG) 64-22, PG 58-28, PG 58-22, PG 52-28, PG 52-22, PG 52-34, PG 58-34 or combinations thereof.

3. The asphalt membrane emulsion according to claim 1, characterized in that the asphalt modifier comprises styrene butadiene, styrene butadiene styrene, polystyrene or combinations thereof.

4. The asphalt membrane emulsion according to claim 3, characterized in that the asphalt modifier comprises styrene butadiene styrene.

5. The asphalt membrane emulsion according to claim 1, characterized in that the mineral filler material comprises lime.

6. The asphalt membrane emulsion according to claim 1, characterized in that the asphalt membrane emulsion is a cationic asphalt membrane emulsion.

7. The asphalt membrane emulsion according to claim 6, characterized in that the cationic asphalt membrane emulsion comprises a cationic emulsifier.

8. The asphalt membrane emulsion according to claim 6, characterized in that the asphalt membrane emulsion does not comprise an acid.

9. The asphalt membrane emulsion according to claim 1, characterized in that the asphalt membrane emulsion is an anionic asphalt membrane emulsion.

10. The asphalt membrane emulsion according to claim 9, characterized in that the anionic asphalt membrane emulsion comprises an anionic emulsifier.

11. The asphalt membrane emulsion according to claim 9, characterized in that the asphalt membrane emulsion comprises a base.

12. The asphalt membrane emulsion according to claim 11, characterized in that the base comprises sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or combinations thereof.

13. The asphalt membrane emulsion according to claim 7, characterized in that the cationic emulsifier is a quaternary ammonium salt-based emulsifier.

14. The asphalt membrane emulsion according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a thickener.

15. The asphalt membrane emulsion according to claim 14, characterized in that the thickener comprises a water-soluble cellulose backbone and ether-containing substituents.

16. The asphalt membrane emulsion according to claim 15, characterized in that the thickener comprises methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, ethyl hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, methyl hydroxypropylcellulose, methyl ethyl hydroxyethylcellulose or combinations thereof.

17. The asphalt membrane emulsion according to claim 16, characterized in that the thickener is methyl hydroxypropylcellulose.

18. The asphalt membrane emulsion according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises an acid.

19. The asphalt membrane emulsion according to claim 18, characterized in that the acid comprises hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid or combinations thereof.

20. The asphalt membrane emulsion according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a sulfur crosslinker.

21. A method for producing an asphalt membrane emulsion, characterized in that it comprises: forming a first phase comprising: asphalt; asphalt modifier; and mineral filler material; forming a second phase comprising: water; and an emulsifier; pumping the first phase and the second phase into a colloid mill; and mixing the first phase and the second phase in the colloid mill to form the asphalt membrane emulsion.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that the formation of the first phase comprises: heating the asphalt to a temperature of at least 149 degrees Celsius (300 degrees Fahrenheit); adding the asphalt modifier to the asphalt using in-line mixing, tank mixing, in-line milling, or combinations thereof to form a modified asphalt; and adding the mineral filler material to the modified asphalt using in-line mixing, tank mixing, in-line milling, or combinations thereof.

23. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that the first phase comprises, by weight, between approximately 50% and 96% asphalt, between approximately 1% and 15% asphalt modifier, and between approximately 0.5% and 12% mineral filler material.

24. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that the first phase further comprises a sulfur crosslinking agent comprising, by weight, between approximately 0.01% and approximately 3%.

25. The method according to claim 24, characterized in that the sulfur crosslinker is added to the modified asphalt before adding the mineral filler material - 32.

26. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that the formation of the second phase comprises: heating the water to a temperature of at least 49 degrees Celsius (120 degrees Fahrenheit); and mixing in the emulsifier.

27. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that the second phase comprises, by weight, between approximately 80% and 99% water, and between approximately 0.5% and 12% emulsifier.

28. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that the second phase further comprises a thickener comprising, by weight, between 0.05% and 5%.

29. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that the asphalt membrane emulsion is a cationic asphalt membrane emulsion.

30. The method according to claim 29, characterized in that the cationic asphalt membrane emulsion comprises a cationic emulsifier in the second phase.

31. The method according to claim 30, characterized in that the second phase does not comprise an acid.

32. The method according to claim 31, characterized in that the second phase further comprises from 0.5 percent by weight to 3 percent by weight of an acid to obtain a pH between approximately 1 and approximately 3.

33. The method according to claim 32, characterized in that the acid is added after the emulsifier.

34. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that the asphalt membrane emulsion is an anionic asphalt membrane emulsion.

35. The method according to claim 34, characterized in that the anionic asphalt membrane emulsion comprises an anionic emulsifier - 33 in the second phase.

36. The method according to claim 35, characterized in that the second phase further comprises, by weight, between 0.1% and 0.3% of a base to obtain a pH between approximately 9 and approximately 12.

37. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that the first phase comprises, by weight, between approximately 40% and approximately 85%, and the second phase comprises, by weight, between approximately 15% and approximately 60%.

38. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that the first phase is heated to a temperature of at least 182 degrees Celsius (360 degrees Fahrenheit) and pumped into the colloid mill.

39. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that the second phase is heated to a temperature of at least 38 degrees Celsius (100 degrees Fahrenheit) and pumped into the colloid mill.

40. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that the asphalt membrane emulsion does not exceed a temperature of more than 100 degrees Celsius (212 degrees Fahrenheit).

41. A method for applying an asphalt membrane emulsion to fill a crack, characterized in that it comprises: forming the asphalt membrane emulsion, wherein the asphalt membrane emulsion comprises a mixture of a first phase and a second phase; applying the asphalt membrane emulsion into a crack; and curing the asphalt membrane emulsion within the crack to form a cured asphalt membrane emulsion within the crack.

42. The method according to claim 41, characterized in that the first phase comprises: asphalt; asphalt modifier; and mineral filler material.

43. The method according to claim 42, characterized in that the first phase further comprises a sulfur crosslinker.

44. The method according to claim 41, characterized in that the second phase comprises: water; and an emulsifier.

45. The method according to claim 44, characterized in that the second phase further comprises a thickener.

46. ​​The method according to claim 41, characterized in that the asphalt membrane emulsion is a cationic asphalt membrane emulsion.

47. The method according to claim 46, characterized in that the cationic asphalt membrane emulsion comprises a cationic emulsifier in the second phase.

48. The method according to claim 46, characterized in that the asphalt membrane emulsion does not comprise an acid in the second phase.

49. The method according to claim 47, characterized in that the second phase further comprises an acid.

50. The method according to claim 41, characterized in that the asphalt membrane emulsion is an anionic asphalt membrane emulsion.

51. The method according to claim 50, characterized in that the anionic asphalt membrane emulsion comprises an anionic emulsifier in the second phase.

52. The method according to claim 51, characterized in that the asphalt membrane emulsion further comprises a base in the second phase.

53. The method according to claim 41, characterized in that the first phase and the second phase are mixed in a colloid mill.

54. The method according to claim 41, characterized - 35 in that the asphalt membrane emulsion is applied by a standard spray distributor, a bonding transport trolley, a hand sprayer, or combinations thereof.

55. The method according to claim 41, characterized in that the asphalt membrane emulsion is cured by heating.

56. An asphalt surface characterized in that it comprises a crack and an asphalt membrane emulsion cured within the crack; wherein the asphalt membrane emulsion cured within the crack comprises asphalt, an asphalt modifier, mineral filler material and an emulsifier.

57. The asphalt surface according to claim 56, characterized in that the cured asphalt membrane emulsion has a plume rating between 20 and 80.

58. The asphalt surface according to claim 56, characterized in that the cured asphalt membrane emulsion has an ODSR value of at least 82.5 kiloPascals.