New use of rochelle salt

Abstract

The present invention relates to new uses of rochelle salt and can be used in the field of dental and oral care products.

Description

[0001] New Uses for Rochelle Salt

[0002] FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY TO WHICH THE INVENTION RELATES

[0003] The present invention relates to new uses of Rochelle salt and can be used in the field of dental care products.

[0004] LEVEL OF TECHNOLOGY

[0005] The phenomenon of the occurrence of electrical polarization in a crystal under the action of mechanical stress - or the piezoelectric effect - has become widespread in recent years in hardware dentistry both in dental surgeries and in teeth whitening [1-5]. The latter direction is based on the use of ultrasonic scalers [1]. Under the influence of electric current, materials with piezoelectric properties begin to deform. The "reverse piezoelectric effect" is observed. Electrical impulses induce microvibrations on piezoelectrics, which can be used to carry out oral hygiene procedures: removal of supragingival deposits - tartar and plaque, subgingival deposits.

[0006] Since whitening and evening out the tone of tooth enamel, removing pigments from the upper dentin layer remains one of the most popular and sought-after effects of oral hygiene, and professional procedures are expensive services and take a significant amount of time, the authors propose a new approach to cleaning and whitening teeth as part of daily hygiene, also based on piezoelectric effects.

[0007] For this purpose, it is proposed to use substances with piezoelectric properties, piezoelectrics, as components of whitening toothpastes and other oral hygiene products [6]. The mechanism of their action during tooth brushing is as follows. During daily hygiene procedures, a manual or electric toothbrush exerts a mechanical effect on the enamel. The piezoelectrics contained in toothpaste are ultrasensitive to mechanical vibrations. In such crystals, when stretched and compressed in certain directions, electrical polarization occurs. As a result, electrical charges of both signs appear on their surfaces. In some piezoelectric crystals, the lattice of positive ions in a state of thermodynamic equilibrium is shifted relative to the lattice of negative ions in such a way that the crystals are electrically polarized even in the absence of an electric field.The effect of spontaneous polarization is masked by free surface charges present in the environment. The polarization amplitude in such a state will be reduced due to negative voltage. Deformation of piezoelectric crystals during tooth brushing can lead to redistribution of electric charges and release of extra charges from the surface. As a result of entering the water environment, excess charges can lead to the generation of active forms of oxygen - "OH and "O. 2“ [7]. At maximum mechanical stress, the number of bound (polarization) charges decreases. The release of charges will be observed until the piezoelectric reaches a new equilibrium state [8]. When the effect decreases (negative voltage changes to positive), the polarization of the material will increase, and, accordingly, the piezoelectric will adsorb charge carriers released from the electrolyte solution. This process, caused by piezoelectric properties, will also lead to the generation of highly active radicals "OH or *O in the environment 2- . Thus, the principle of the bleaching action of a piezoelectric under conditions of periodic mechanical action in an electrolyte environment is based on the formation of active forms of oxygen, causing oxidative breakdown of color pigments present on the enamel. The effect is similar to photocatalytic reactions activated by radiation.

[0008] Experimental confirmation of the described effects of piezoelectrics is presented in the study by Wang et al. [6]. It is shown that nanoparticles of barium titanate BaTYu3 (BTO) due to their piezoelectric properties provide for the breakdown of organic dyes. The results were obtained in experiments with a solution of indigo carmine, used in the food industry, as well as rhodamine B under ultrasound exposure, simulating the process of brushing teeth.

[0009] Polarized WTO samples significantly lighten the enamel tone when vibrated for 3 hours, removing stains caused by black tea, blueberry juice, wine and their combinations [6]. Analysis of the micromorphological characteristics of teeth revealed that piezoelectric bleaching is not mechanically destructive to tooth enamel. At the same time, it was shown that treatment with 3% oxygen peroxide has a more aggressive effect on enamel. The data obtained confirm that when using piezoelectrics, the formation of highly active radicals is significantly lower than when using 3% hydrogen peroxide, which prevents the risk of undesirable effects on enamel when bleaching with this method. Evaluation of the microhardness of tooth enamel according to Vickers did not reveal any negative effects when treating teeth with a piezoelectric.

[0010] For nanoparticles of the piezoelectric BTO, no cytotoxic effect was detected in studies on smooth muscle cells of A7g5 rats [6].

[0011] In the work of Wang et al. [6] it was confirmed that the bleaching is mediated by piezoelectric effects themselves. When using BTO as an active substance in the non-polar and paraelectric phases, in which the piezoelectric properties are lost, the bleaching effect of the substance under similar conditions was negligible [6].

[0012] The formation of active oxygen species is a key process in the piezocatalytic cleavage of compounds. The generation of *OH or •O radicals 2- in an aqueous medium using the example of a piezoelectric VTO was recorded using the method of paramagnetic nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. During the experiment, the recorded signal was proportional to the efficiency of the splitting of organic dyes.

[0013] The whitening method proposed by the authors, based on the use of piezoelectrics, allows replacing insoluble abrasive particles in toothpaste formulations, which have limited effectiveness and in some cases, in particular, with prolonged systemic exposure, can lead to the appearance of scratches on the enamel. The use of piezoelectric effects for whitening enamel, removing pigments and deposits is superior in safety and ease of use to chemical whitening methods based on the use of hydrogen peroxide. It should be noted that piezoelectric nanoparticles exhibit chemical, structural and electrical stability, which allows them to be introduced into multicomponent toothpaste formulations.

[0014] Thus, among the methods used in practice, piezoelectric whitening is a safer approach, allowing for gentle removal of pigments and effective enamel whitening at home.

[0015] Only ionic crystals that do not have a center of symmetry have piezoelectric properties. The magnitude and nature of the piezoelectric effect depends to a large extent on the nature of the material, as well as the orientation of the applied mechanical force (or electric field) relative to its crystallographic axes [9].

[0016] All the main types of deformations lead to a change in the volume of the unit cell of the crystal, but for most materials these changes are compensated by compression [9]. The maximum deformations are exhibited by crystals of Rochelle salt - crystals of tetrahydrate of double sodium-potassium salt of tartaric acid KMaCtO3^6AH2O (sodium potassium tartrate). Ferroelectric properties, i.e. the ability to spontaneous polarization, were discovered for this substance for the first time. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) exhibits similar properties. Among crystalline compounds, complex oxides described by the general chemical formula АВО3 and possessing a perovskite-type structure (named after the mineral CaTiO3) are of interest [9]. The crystal of barium titanate BaTiO3 became the first oxide of the perovskite family in which the existence of several ferroelectric phases was established [9].Typical piezoelectric systems also include hexagonal wurtzite crystals ZnO, 2D materials of the M0S2 type, and a group of bismuth derivatives

[0010] . An example of a single-crystal weak piezoelectric is quartz. Materials based on zirconates-titanates, niobates (lead, sodium-potassium) are characterized by high piezoelectric properties [9].

[0017] With regard to the development of whitening methods and compositions of toothpastes with a whitening effect, it should be noted that such piezoelectrics as zinc oxide ZnO, strontium titanate SrTiO3, barium titanate BaTiO3, calcium titanate CaTiO3, and Rochelle salt have been mentioned in the literature [6,11-17]. Zinc oxide and various titanates have been proposed as activated catalysts

[0011] . The introduction of Rochelle salt into the compositions is proposed for various functional purposes - as a compound exhibiting a synergistic effect during whitening in combination with peroxide compounds, a chelating agent, and other auxiliary agents [12-17].

[0018] Analysis of existing whitening methods and experimental data on the effectiveness of the direct piezoelectric effect in removing pigments from enamel show that the introduction of a piezoelectric into the toothpaste allows for the development of a safer home teeth whitening system. Rochelle salt can act as an active piezoelectric agent in the toothpaste composition. The substance is characterized by high piezoelectric parameters, a range of potential therapeutic, prophylactic and antibacterial effects, has a long history of use as an auxiliary component in oral hygiene products, and has a favorable safety profile.

[0019] A promising direction in the field of toothpaste production is the development of formulas for oral hygiene products with a complex effect, which not only effectively clean the surface of the teeth, have a preventive and healing effect on the tissues of the oral cavity, but also have a pleasant taste and smell and do not contain components that can have an ambiguous effect not only on the organs of the oral cavity, but also on the human body as a whole, given the likelihood of swallowing the paste.

[0020] Rochelle salt (SS) largely meets these requirements. The compound is a widely used food additive that is safe for humans. In the Russian Federation, salts of tartaric acid (potassium (E336), calcium (E354), sodium (E335), sodium-potassium (E337) tartrates (cyclamic acid and its sodium and calcium salts) are permitted as food additives and can be used in accordance with the Technical Regulations of the Customs Union TR CU 029 / 2012 "Safety Requirements for Food Additives, Flavorings and Technological Aids"

[0018] .

[0021] Rochelle salt, due to its chemical and piezoelectric properties in toothpaste, can exhibit a complex effect on the surface of teeth and oral tissues.

[0022] Acting as a chelating agent, Rochelle salt is capable of binding calcium ions Ca 2+ . Ions of Sa 2+and F' participate in the mineralization of tooth enamel, and in pathology increase the deposition of glycoproteins on it and the formation of dental plaque. Dental plaque is formed by the deposition of microorganisms on the surface of the pellicle and grows due to the constant layering of new types of bacteria

[0019] . Calcification of dental plaque leads to the formation of tartar. By chelating calcium ions, CC is able to bind oral microorganisms capable of forming colonies of dental plaque, as well as inhibit the growth of calcium phosphate crystals in saliva. For optimal cleaning action and prevention of plaque formation, the calcium ion binding constant for chelating agents in oral care products should be about 10 MO 5

[0020] .

[0023] Agents with chelating properties in multi-component compositions, which include toothpastes, also help to increase the stability and resistance to oxidation of the final product

[0020] .

[0024] Rochelle salt particles, due to their piezoelectric properties, are capable of exhibiting multiple mechanisms of antibacterial action. The sterilizing effect is associated with the formation of active forms of oxygen in the solution during mechanical action on the piezoelectric. Antibacterial activity has been studied to date for such piezoelectrics as barium titanate and tungsten disulfide. It has been found that the efficiency of their sterilizing action against Escherichia coli is 99.9% with a treatment duration of 20-60 minutes

[0010] .

[0025] Rochelle salt particles can become polarized when subjected to voltage. In piezoelectric crystals, the lattice of positive ions in a state of thermodynamic equilibrium can be shifted relative to the lattice of negative ions in such a way that the crystals are electrically polarized even in the absence of an electric field. This causes bacteria bearing an opposite surface charge to be attracted to the charged areas of the crystals

[0021] . In this way, bacterial cells can be removed from the oral cavity along with the Rochelle salt particles after brushing teeth.

[0026] The condition of the periodontium, namely the complex of tissues surrounding the tooth: the mucous membranes of the gums, the alveoli of the teeth, the ligamentous apparatus of the teeth, largely determines the health of the teeth. Currently, there is a high prevalence of inflammatory diseases of the periodontium

[0022] . One of the key links in the pathogenesis is such a typical pathological process as oxidative stress. It develops under the condition of intensification of free-radical processes, often against the background of a reduced potential of the antioxidant system. Correction of processes can be carried out using antioxidant agents

[0023] . One of the promising methods is the use of therapeutic and prophylactic toothpastes based on antioxidants.

[0027] Potassium sodium tartrate - Rochelle salt - is known in the food industry as antioxidant E337. In a comparative study for one of the tartrates - sodium tartrate - it was found that its antioxidant activity may exceed that of a-tocopherol

[0024] . It was shown that sodium tartrate in a low concentration of 0.01% exhibits a pronounced antioxidant effect on samples of various types of vegetable oils subjected to heating. In a parallel experiment, a-tocopherol was used in a concentration of 0.1%. For a-tocopherol, there is numerous experimental data confirming its positive effect on the condition of the oral cavity due to its antioxidant activity [25-28].

[0028] According to clinical studies, toothpastes that include antioxidant substances are capable of modifying the metabolism of oral fluid and leading to changes in the metabolism of periodontal tissues

[0022] . Compositions with antioxidants are capable of relieving oxidative stress and can be recommended for regular use for preventive purposes.

[0029] Thus, it is assumed that the effect of Rochelle salt on tissues surrounding the tooth may contribute to the correction of metabolic disorders in the oral fluid due to antioxidant activity.

[0030] Another aspect of the antioxidant activity of Rochelle salt may be related to the following. A clinically important observation is a decrease in the adhesive properties of enamel after bleaching due to the retention of residual oxygen near its surface. At least 2 weeks are required to restore the adhesive properties when bleaching with hydrogen peroxide

[0029] . It has been shown that post-treatment of the oral cavity with various antioxidants has a beneficial effect on this process

[0029] . It has been found that 10% a-tocopherol is effective in home bleaching

[0030] . In addition to restoring the adhesive properties of enamel after bleaching, the antioxidant used should ensure the preservation of its color stability

[0029] . Amber-colored a-tocopherol does not meet this requirement, causing a change in the color of the enamel. Rochelle salt is colorless and can effectively remove residual radicals without causing an undesirable change in the enamel tone.

[0031] A combination of Rochelle salt and silicon dioxide.

[0032] Silicon dioxide is a widely used abrasive component of toothpastes, which has a delicate effect on tooth enamel. SiOs particles polish the surface, preventing the formation of plaque for a long time. The advantages of this component are:

[0033] - indifference to a large number of active components;

[0034] - the ability to regulate abrasiveness and cleaning ability over a wide range;

[0035] - the possibility of developing transparent toothpastes, that is, toothpastes in which the refractive index of the abrasive is equal to the refractive index of the liquid phase in which it is suspended.

[0036] It is assumed that the individual effect of each component of the combination of Rochelle salt and silicon dioxide will be enhanced when used together. The proposed combination will prevent the formation and reduce the mass of already formed dental plaque due to:

[0037] - polishing effect of the abrasive,

[0038] - generation of highly active radicals and oxidation of contaminants as a result of the piezoelectric effect,

[0039] - the chelating properties of Rochelle salt, which reduce the concentration of excess ions and prevent bacterial adhesion.

[0040] The literature contains experimental data showing that aerosil is capable of entering into mechanochemical interaction with biologically active organic acids

[0031] . Potassium sodium tartrate is a salt of polybasic tartaric acid. In the case of polybasic acids, the molecules of silicon dioxide absorption water serve as a link between the carrier and the monomeric molecules of the acids: aerosil - absorption water - polybasic acid.

[0041] Acting as a carrier, silicon dioxide can significantly modify the properties of Rochelle salt - potentiate its antioxidant activity, as well as enhance the antibacterial effect. Experiments with various natural and synthetic antioxidants have shown that the use of mesoporous silicon dioxide and silicon dioxide nanoparticles as a carrier leads to a synergistic effect

[0032] . Multiple non-specific interactions between the bacterial cell and the surface of SiOa particles can contribute to an increase in antimicrobial activity

[0033] .

[0042] Thus, it is assumed that the combination of Rochelle salt and silicon dioxide, along with preventing the formation / reducing the mass of formed dental plaque and whitening, will have a bactericidal and deodorizing effect, as well as exhibit preventive properties by correcting oxidative metabolism disorders in the oral cavity. Rochelle salt in the composition can act as an active substance with a multiple mechanism of action, leading to a positive effect on the soft tissues of the oral cavity, a whitening effect due to piezoelectric properties. Among piezoelectrics, this component is the most fully characterized, has confirmed safety and a long history of use, including in food products.

[0043] ESSENCE OF THE INVENTION

[0044] The aspects of the invention according to the present application are:

[0045] 1. Use of Rochelle salt in a dental and / or oral care product as a whitening component.

[0046] 2. The use of Rochelle salt in a dental and / or oral care product as a whitening component that does not cause significant disruption of the microstructure of the enamel relief. Rochelle salt as a whitening component does not cause significant disruption of the microstructure of the enamel relief compared to traditional peroxide systems.

[0047] 3. The use of Rochelle salt in a dental and / or oral care product as a whitening component that does not cause a significant impairment of the microhardness of the enamel. Rochelle salt as a whitening component does not cause a significant impairment of the microhardness of the enamel compared to traditional peroxide systems. The use according to any one of the above aspects, characterized in that the product is a toothpaste, a prophylactic paste, a tooth powder, a polishing agent for dental care, a dental gel, chewing gum, a candy, a lollipop, a mouth rinse, a whitening strip, a coated dental floss, a coated toothbrush, a touch-up gel, a varnish, a syringe or a dental tray containing a gel or paste, whitening and / or remineralizing strips, a tooth powder.

[0048] 4. Use of a combination of Rochelle salt and silicon dioxide in a dental and / or oral care product as an abrasive.

[0049] 5. Use of a combination of Rochelle salt and silicon dioxide in a dental and / or oral care product as a preservative.

[0050] 6. Use of Rochelle salt in a dental and / or oral care product as an antioxidant.

[0051] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0052] Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the operating conditions of the experiments.

[0053] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0054] The present invention relates to new uses of Rochelle salt. The aspects of the invention according to the present application are listed below.

[0055] The use of Rochelle salt in a dental and / or oral care product as a whitening component.

[0056] The use of Rochelle salt in a dental and / or oral care product as a whitening component that does not cause significant / significant disturbance of the microstructure of the enamel relief. Rochelle salt as a whitening component does not cause significant / significant disturbance of the microstructure of the enamel relief compared to traditional peroxide systems.

[0057] The use of Rochelle salt in a dental and / or oral care product as a whitening component that does not cause significant / significant damage to the microhardness of enamel. Rochelle salt as a whitening component does not cause significant / significant damage to the microhardness of enamel compared to traditional peroxide systems.

[0058] Use according to any one of the above aspects, characterized in that the agent is a toothpaste, a prophylactic paste, a tooth powder, a polishing agent for dental care, a dental gel, a chewing gum, a candy, a lollipop, a mouthwash, a whitening strip, a coated dental floss, a coated toothbrush, a coloring gel, a varnish, a syringe or a dental tray containing a gel or paste, whitening and / or remineralizing strips, tooth powder.

[0059] The use of a combination of Rochelle salt and silicon dioxide in a dental and / or oral care product as an abrasive.

[0060] The use of a combination of Rochelle salt and silicon dioxide in a dentifrice and / or oral care product as a preservative.

[0061] Use of Rochelle salt in a dental and / or oral care product as an antioxidant.

[0062] The implementation of the invention can be illustrated by the following examples.

[0063] EXAMPLE 1. Testing the cleaning and bleaching ability of FtCl (Ft Cleaning) 300.

[0064] In order to determine the resistance of tooth enamel to abrasion, the Martindale tester (hereinafter referred to as the Tester) was used to test sets of samples of piezoelectric solutions and toothbrushes according to the following indicator:

[0065] - FtCl (Ft Cleaning) 300, characterizes the cleaning ability of the solution (paste) when performing 300 cleaning movements (mah) in a suspension of piezoelectrics. The indicator is used as an analogue of PCR (Pellicle Cleaning Ration) and allows for a quantitative assessment of the cleaning and bleaching effect of the solution (paste) during a single cleaning.

[0066] The minimum set of equipment for testing was represented by the following devices:

[0067] 1) Martindale tester (model for protection panels) manufactured by ATLAS;

[0068] 2) KONICA MINOLTRA CR-400 colorimeter or another colorimeter (spectrophotometer) with the ability to measure color in Lab coordinates and an aperture mask size of no more than d = 12 mm;

[0069] 3) analytical scales with an accuracy of up to 0.1 mg, with an upper weighing limit of at least 300 g;

[0070] 4) hydroxyapatite substrates (hereinafter referred to as HAP substrates) according to the size of the hole in the brush plate of the Martindale tester, with a whiteness value (L) of 90-94;

[0071] 5) KOH-I-NOOR HARDMUTH 1500 7B super-soft lead pencil. The working conditions are illustrated in Figure 2.

[0072] Definition of FtC1300 for piezoelectric solution: - trajectory: oo L=25 mm,

[0073] - speed 150 mah / min,

[0074] - impact - 300 mah,

[0075] - brush load 325 g,

[0076] - the minimum number of parallel determinations is one for each paste with a test brush,

[0077] - test toothbrush: PROFESSIONAL COMPLETE toothbrush of medium hardness,

[0078] - use one brush head for no more than 3-4 cycles, i.e. for 900-1200 mah, due to wear of the bristles; then replace the brush head with a new one.

[0079] Testing methodology.

[0080] Preparation of hydroxyapatite disc substrates:

[0081] 1) the quality of the substrates was assessed - all substrates with cracks, chips, traces of any geometric deformation were excluded;

[0082] 2) the whiteness of the substrate surface was measured (LHCX):

[0083] 3) the colorimeter is turned on and calibrated;

[0084] 4) the settings of the measuring system of the device are checked (for this test, Lab color coordinates are required);

[0085] 5) the tablet is placed on the measuring table, its whiteness is measured three times;

[0086] 6) on the opposite side of the tablet there are serial numbers;

[0087] 7) the substrate of hydroxyapatite discs is painted;

[0088] 8) the surface of the substrate is carefully shaded in several directions using the KOH-I-NOOR HARDMUTH 1500 7B super-soft pencil;

[0089] 9) the hatching is rubbed with a sheet of thick unwaxed paper and the surface of the tablet is polished to a shine;

[0090] 10) the finished tablet has a pronounced metallic sheen of the painted surface, the pigment has pronounced adhesion of the pigment to the surface of the substrate, and does not stain the hands of the experimenter during contact and testing;

[0091] 11) the whiteness of the painted substrate (Eocr.) was measured.

[0092] Preparation of the tester for testing included the following stages:

[0093] 1) separate portions of the paste suspension in water were prepared for each cell (see the section on preparation of solutions) in a ratio of 1:2: 10 g of paste in 20 g of water;

[0094] 2) the substrates are placed in the hole of the brush plates with the painted side up, suspensions are introduced. The tester for abrasion of the substrates of painted hydroxyapatite disks is launched. 3) the substrates are dried with filter paper, then dried in the air for 5-10 minutes, then with an air dryer with an air temperature of no higher than 40 ° C for 12-15 minutes, with periodic turning.

[0095] FtC1300 values ​​are calculated using the formula:

[0096] F1C1300 = 100*(Loclear-Locr) / (Eout-Locr)

[0097] Preparation of solutions:

[0098] 1. Test solution: toothpaste with Rochelle salt: 1 (10 ml) part toothpaste with Rochelle salt - 2 (20 ml) parts distilled water;

[0099] 2. Standard: toothpaste with barium titanate: 1 (10 ml) part toothpaste with barium titanate - 2 (20 ml) parts distilled water;

[0100] 3. Zinc oxide paste solution: 1 (10 ml) part zinc oxide toothpaste - 2 (20 ml) parts distilled water;

[0101] 4. Positive control: SPLAT Special Blackwood toothpaste solution: 1 (10 ml) part toothpaste: 2 (20 ml) parts distilled water;

[0102] 5. Negative control: 3 (30 ml) parts water.

[0103] The composition of the studied pastes (at a single concentration of different piezoelectrics) is shown in Table 1.

[0104] Table 1.

[0105] Composition of SPLAT® Special Blackwood® Charcoal Toothpaste: Aqua, Hydrated Silica, Hydrogenated Starch Hydrolysate, Glycerin, Maltooligosyl Glucoside, Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosinate, Cellulose Gum, Aroma, Charcoal Powder, Capryloyl / Caproyl Methyl Glucamide, Lauroyl / Myristoyl Methyl Glucamide, Sodium Benzoate, Stevia Rebaudiana Leaf Extract, Potassium Sorbate, Menthol, o-Cymen-5-ol, Juniperus Communis Sprout Extract, Limonene.

[0106] Test results. The lightness level was estimated using the CIE LAB scale. The Lab color model was created by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE). Color is described not in terms of elements reproduced by devices, but using three components of human color vision. In this model, any color is defined by lightness (L-Lightness) and two chromatic components: channel a is colors from dark green through gray to purple, channel b is colors from blue through gray to yellow. Channels a and b change from -128 to 127, and the L parameter from 0 to 100. Zero value of color components at a brightness of 50 corresponds to gray in the RGB model (119,119,119). At a brightness value of 100, white is obtained, at 0 - black.

[0107] The level of purification is estimated by the formula FtCln300, where:

[0108] LHCX - the whiteness value of hydroxyapatite discs before staining.

[0109] Eocr is the whiteness value of hydroxyapatite discs after staining.

[0110] Eochishch - the value of whiteness of hydroxyapatite discs after cleaning with toothpaste solutions.

[0111] FtC1300 = 100*(Lo4Hnj-LoKp) / (LHCx-LoKp), where the main variable is L - Lightness, which at a value of 100 denotes white color, thus, the higher the FtCl value, the more effective the cleaning of the surface of hydroxyapatite discs was (Table 2).

[0112] Table 2

[0113]

[0114] L for 4 cycles

[0115] Results of experiment 1:

[0116] 1) the active ingredient studied was the piezoelectric Rochelle salt;

[0117] 2) the reference toothpaste for cleaning was the highly abrasive paste SPLAT Special Blackwood, which in clinical studies shows the best whitening results, equal to 2.5 shades on the VITA scale;

[0118] 3) the reference piezoelectric was barium titanate, which has a typical piezoelectric tetrahedral structure and therefore should show the best results;

[0119] 4) A toothpaste was also prepared with zinc oxide, which is also a commercially available piezoelectric.

[0120] As a result of the experiment, barium titanate showed the best results, which cannot be used in oral hygiene products due to the ban on the use of barium salts in perfumery and cosmetic products. The effectiveness of Rochelle salt was confirmed with a difference of 0.19; Rochelle salt demonstrated better results than zinc oxide and the reference toothpaste Splat Special Blackwood, which in turn indicates the impressive cleaning capabilities of the composition with Rochelle salt.

[0121] EXAMPLE 2. Testing the cleaning and bleaching ability of FtCl (Ft Cleaning) 300.

[0122] In order to determine the resistance of tooth enamel to abrasion, the Martindale tester (hereinafter referred to as the Tester) was used to test sets of samples of piezoelectric solutions and toothbrushes according to the following indicator:

[0123] - FtCl (Ft Cleaning) 300, characterizes the cleaning ability of the solution (paste) when performing 300 cleaning movements (mah) in a suspension of piezoelectrics. The indicator is used as an analogue of PCR (Pellicle Cleaning Ration) and allows for a quantitative assessment of the cleaning and bleaching effect of the solution (paste) during a single cleaning.

[0124] The minimum set of equipment for testing was represented by the following devices:

[0125] 1) Martindale tester (model for protection panels) manufactured by ATLAS;

[0126] 2) KONICA MINOLTRA CR-400 colorimeter or another colorimeter (spectrophotometer) with the ability to measure color in Lab coordinates and an aperture mask size of no more than d = 12 mm;

[0127] 3) Analytical scales with an accuracy of up to 0.1 mg, with an upper weighing limit of at least 300 g;

[0128] 4) Hydroxyapatite substrates (hereinafter referred to as HAP substrates) according to the size of the hole in the brush plate of the Martindale tester, with a whiteness value (L) of 90-94;

[0129] 5) KOH-I-NOOR HARDMUTH 1500 7V super soft lead pencil. The operating conditions are illustrated in Figure 3. Determination of FtC1300 for a piezoelectric solution:

[0130] - trajectory: oo L=25 mm,

[0131] - speed 150 mah / min,

[0132] - impact - 300 mah,

[0133] - brush load 325 g,

[0134] - the minimum number of parallel determinations is one for each paste with a test brush,

[0135] - test toothbrush: PROFESSIONAL COMPLETE toothbrush, medium hardness

[0136] - use one brush head for no more than 3-4 cycles, i.e. for 900-1200 mah, due to wear of the bristles; then replace the brush head with a new one.

[0137] Conducting the test:

[0138] Preparation of hydroxyapatite disc substrates

[0139] 1) the quality of the substrates was assessed - all substrates with cracks, chips, traces of any geometric deformation were excluded.

[0140] 2) the whiteness of the substrate surface was measured (LHCX):

[0141] 3) the colorimeter is turned on and calibrated;

[0142] 4) the settings of the measuring system of the device are checked (for this test, Lab color coordinates are required)

[0143] 5) Place the tablet on the measuring table and measure its whiteness three times.

[0144] 6) on the opposite side of the tablet there are serial numbers.

[0145] 7) the substrates of hydroxyapatite discs are painted:

[0146] 8) Using the KOH-I-NOOR HARDMUTH 1500 7B super-soft pencil, carefully shade the surface of the base in several directions.

[0147] 9) Rub the hatching with a sheet of thick unwaxed paper and polish the surface of the tablet to a shine.

[0148] 10) the finished tablet should have a pronounced metallic sheen of the painted surface, the pigment should have pronounced adhesion of the pigment to the surface of the substrate, and should not stain the hands of the experimenter during contact and testing.

[0149] 11) the whiteness of the painted substrate (Eocr.) is measured. Preparing the tester for testing:

[0150] 1) separate portions of paste suspension in water were prepared for each cell (see section on preparation of solutions) in a ratio of 1:2: 10 g of paste in 20 g of water. 2) the substrates were placed in the hole of the brush plates with the painted side up, and suspensions were introduced. The tester for abrasion of the substrates of painted hydroxyapatite disks was launched.

[0151] 3) the substrates are dried with filter paper, then air-dried for 5-10 minutes, then with an air dryer with an air temperature of no higher than 40°C for 12-15 minutes, with periodic turning.

[0152] FtC1300 values ​​are calculated using the formula:

[0153] FtC1300 = 100*(Бочист-Бокр) / (Бисх-окр)

[0154] Preparation of test solutions.

[0155] Two toothpastes were prepared with the following compositions:

[0156] 1) Toothpaste without active ingredients, with the exception of Rochelle salt with thickening silica - Silicon dioxide Sorbosil TC 15 and abrasive silica - Silicon dioxide Sorbosil AC39, Silicon dioxide Sorbosil AC43:

[0157] Ingredients: Purified water, Sorbitol, Xanthan gum, Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, Glycerin, Ingredients: Rochelle salt, Silicon dioxide Sorbosil TC15, Silicon dioxide Sorbosil AC39, Silicon dioxide Sorbosil AC43, Potassium sorbate + sodium benzoate, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate

[0158] 2) Toothpaste without active ingredients, with the exception of Rochelle salt with thickening silica - Sorbosil TC 15 silicon dioxide and without abrasive silica:

[0159] Purified water, Sorbitol, Xanthan gum, Sodium carboxymethylcellulose, Glycerin, Ingredients: Rochelle salt, Silicon dioxide Sorbosil TC15, Potassium sorbate + sodium benzoate, Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate

[0160] 3) Negative control - water (Table 3).

[0161] Table 3

[0162] L for 4 cycles

[0163] Test results: Lightness level is estimated according to CIE LAB scale.

[0164] The Lab color model was created by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE). Color is described not in terms of elements reproduced by devices, but using three components of human color vision. In this model, any color is defined by lightness (L-Lightness) and two chromatic components: channel a is colors from dark green through gray to purple, channel b is colors from blue through gray to yellow. Channels a and b change from -128 to 127, and the L parameter from 0 to 100. Zero value of color components at a brightness of 50 corresponds to gray in the RGB model (119,119,119). At a brightness value of 100, white is obtained, at 0 - black.

[0165] The level of purification is estimated using the formula FtC1300, where:

[0166] LHCX - the whiteness value of hydroxyapatite discs before staining.

[0167] Eocr is the whiteness value of hydroxyapatite discs after staining.

[0168] Eочиш - the whiteness value of hydroxyapatite discs after cleaning with toothpaste solutions. FtC1300 = 100*(Ьочиш-окр) / (исх-Еокр), where the main variable is L - Lightness, which at a value of 100 denotes white color, thus, the higher the FtCl value, the better the cleaning of the surface of hydroxyapatite discs.

[0169] As a result of the studies, the paste solutions showed themselves as follows (in descending order of FtCl value):

[0170] Rochelle salt + abrasive > Rochelle salt without abrasive > negative control water.

[0171] Thus, Rochelle salt in combination with an abrasive system consisting of silica showed the best results in cleaning the surface of hydroxyapatite discs.

[0172] EXAMPLE 3. Study of preservative capacity.

[0173] A study was conducted of two systems for the suppression of microbial contamination by their compositions.

[0174] The two systems were seeded with the following microorganisms at the indicated concentrations (Tables 4 and 5).

[0175] Table 4. System 1: Aqueous solution with silica without Rochelle salt with preservative - benzyl alcohol

[0176] Table 5. System 2: Aqueous solution with silica and Rochelle salt without preservative

[0177] Results: After seven days, the systems were analyzed for bacterial load and the following results were obtained (Tables 6 and 7):

[0178] Table 6. System 1: Aqueous solution with silica without Rochelle salt with benzyl alcohol preservative

[0179] Table 7. System 2: Aqueous solution with silica and Rochelle salt without preservative

[0180] Conclusions: The experiment proved that the combination of silica with Rochelle salt exhibits the same effective preservative ability as the combination of silica with the preservative benzyl alcohol.

[0181] EXAMPLE 4. Determination of antioxidant activity in relation to ascorbic acid for a liquid sample using the ferricyanide spectrophotometric method.

[0182] Materials and methods. The object of the study was a 2% solution of Rochelle salt in distilled water. The measurement was carried out by the ferricyanide spectrophotometric method using a Konika Minolta spectrophotometer

[0034] AOA is the antioxidant activity AO A (in mol-eq / l) = (Do - Di) / 1035 where Do is the optical density of the solution of the mediator system in distilled water (Do = 1035).

[0183] Di is the optical density of the mediator system solution in the sample under study.

[0184] Experimental results: A 2% solution of Rochelle salt has a higher antioxidant activity compared to vitamin C by 13.7% (Table 8).

[0185] Table 8

[0186] REFERENCES 1. Lee YJ et al. Development of a piezoelectric ultrasonic tooth-whitening apparatus / / Trans. Electr. Electron. Mater. 2013. Vol. 14, no. 5.

[0187] 2. Srinivasan S., Ganapathy D., Jain AR Applications of piezoelectric surgery in dentistry / / Drug Invention Today. 2019. Vol. 11, no. 1.

[0188] 3. Labanca M. et al. Piezoelectric surgery: Twenty years of use / / Br. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 2008. Vol. 46, no. 4.

[0189] 4. Abella F. et al. Applications of piezoelectric surgery in endodontic surgery: A literature review / / Journal of Endodontics. 2014. Vol. 40, no. 3.

[0190] 5. Aly LAA Piezoelectric surgery: Applications in oral & maxillofacial surgery / / Futur. Dent. J. 2018. Vol. 4, no. 2.

[0191] 6. Wang Y. et al. Piezo-catalysis for nondestructive tooth whitening / / Nat. Commun. 2020. Vol. 11, No. L

[0192] 7. Wu J. et al. Strong pyro-catalysis of pyroelectric BiFeO3 nanoparticles under a roomtemperature cold-hot alternation / / Nanoscale. 2016. Vol. 8, no. 13.

[0193] 8. Zi Y. et al. Triboelectric-pyroelectric-piezoelectric hybrid cell for high-efficiency energy harvesting and self-powered sensing / / Adv. Mater. 2015. Vol. 27, no. 14.

[0194] 9. Panich A. A., Marakhovsky M. A., Motin D. V. Crystalline and ceramic piezoelectrics / / Engineering Bulletin of the Don. 2011. Vol. 15, No. 1.

[0195] 10. Tu S. et al. Piezocatalysis and Piezo-Photocatalysis: Catalysts Classification and Modification Strategy, Reaction Mechanism, and Practical Application / / Advanced Functional Materials. 2020. Vol. 30, no. 48.

[0196] 11. Basf Catalysts LLC. Light-activated tooth whitening composition and methods therefor: pat. W02010045280 USA. 2008.

[0197] 12. Hodosh milton. Method and composition for preventing tooth hypersensitivity when using passive bleaching agents: pat. US2007065376 USA. 2005.

[0198] 13. Osstemimplant co. L. Dental bleaching compositioN: pat. WO2014126351 USA. 2013.

[0199] 14. The Procter & Gamble company. Compositions and methods for improving overall tooth health and appearance : pat. WO2010004361 USA.

[0200] 15. Procter & Gamble. Liquid tooth-paste compositions: pat. W02004032889 USA.

[0201] 16. Procter & Gamble. Oral compositions: pat. WO9531174 USA.

[0202] 17. Procter & Gamble. Compositions for personal hygiene, ensuring increased sensation of cold: pat. WO2010059289 USA.

[0203] 18. Technical Regulations of the Customs Union TP TS 029 / 2012. Safety requirements for food additives, flavors and technological aids. 2012. 19. Scheie AA Mechanisms of dental plaque formation. / / Advances in dental research. 1994. Vol. 8, No. 2.

[0204] 20. Ramji N et al. Whole mouth malodor control by a combination of antibacterial and deodorizing agents: pat. WO2011123601 A2 USA. 2011.

[0205] 21. Yamamoto M. Composition for oral care: pat. JP2013023446A USA. 2011.

[0206] 22. Faroponova EA Possibilities of Correcting Metabolic Disorders in Oral Fluid with the Help of Antioxidant Hygiene Products. 2017.

[0207] 23. Nikolaev I.V. et al. Antioxidant and peroxidase activity of saliva in inflammatory periodontal diseases and the possibility of their correction / / Biomedical Chemistry. 2008. Vol. 54, No. 4. P. 454-462.

[0208] 24. Endo Y., Yamadera Y., Tsukui T. Antioxidant effects of pH-regulating agents on the thermal deterioration of vegetable oils / / J. Oleo Sci. 2014. Vol. 63, № 8.

[0209] 25. Asad Iqubal M.D. et al. Role of vitamin e in prevention of oral cancer:-A review / / Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2014. Vol. 8, № 10.

[0210] 26. Shetti A., Keluskar V., Aggarwal A. Antioxidants: Enhancing oral and general health / / J. Indian Acad. Oral Med. Radiol. 2009. Vol. 21, № 1.

[0211] 27. San Miguel S.M. et al. Use of antioxidants in oral healthcare. / / Compendium of continuing education in dentistry (Jamesburg, N.J. : 1995). 2011. Vol. 32, № 2.

[0212] 28. Vargas F.D.S. et al. Protective effect of alpha-tocopherol isomer from vitamin e against the H2O2 induced toxicity on dental pulp cells / / Biomed Res. Int. 2014. Vol. 2014.

[0213] 29. Degirmenci A. et al. Evaluation of the effect of different antioxidants applied after bleaching on teeth color stability / / Brazilian Dent. Sci. 2020. Vol. 23, no. 4.

[0214] 30. Kavitha M. et al. Comparative evaluation of superoxide dismutase, alpha-tocopherol, and 10% sodium ascorbate on reversal of shear bond strength of bleached enamel: An in vitro study / / Eur. J.Dent. 2016. Vol. 10, no. 1.

[0215] 31. Vorsina I. A. et al. Mechanochemical interaction of silicon dioxide with organic acids / / Chemistry for Sustainable Development. 2011. Vol. 19. P. 485-494.

[0216] 32. Khalil I. et al. Nanoantioxidants: Recent trends in antioxidant delivery applications / / Antioxidants. 2020. Vol. 9, no. 1.

[0217] 33. Tomina VV et al. Diverse Pathway to Obtain Antibacterial and Antifungal Agents Based on Silica Particles Functionalized by Amino and Phenyl Groups with Cu(II) Ion Complexes / / ACS Omega. 2020. Vol. 5, no. 25.

[0218] 34. Determination of antioxidant activity of electrochemically activated water by potentiometric and spectrophotometric methods. Nekrasova L.P., Mikhailova R.H., Ryzhova I.N. / / International Journal of Applied and Fundamental Research, No. 5, 2016. — P. 559-563.

Claims

Invention formula 1. The use of Rochelle salt in a dental and / or oral care product as a whitening component.

2. The use of Rochelle salt in a dental and / or oral care product as a whitening component that does not cause significant disruption to the microstructure of the enamel relief.

3. The use according to paragraph 2, characterized in that Rochelle salt as a bleaching component does not cause a significant disruption of the microstructure of the enamel relief in comparison with traditional peroxide systems.

4. The use of Rochelle salt in a dental and / or oral care product as a whitening component that does not cause significant damage to the microhardness of the enamel.

5. The use according to paragraph 4, characterized in that Rochelle salt as a bleaching component does not cause a significant disruption in the microhardness of the enamel compared to traditional peroxide systems.

6. The use according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 5, characterized in that the product is a toothpaste, a prophylactic paste, a tooth powder, a polishing agent for dental care, a dental gel, a chewing gum, a candy, a lollipop, a mouth rinse, a whitening strip, a coated dental floss, a coated toothbrush, a coloring gel, a varnish, a syringe or a dental tray containing a gel or paste, whitening and / or remineralizing strips, tooth powder.

7. Use of a combination of Rochelle salt and silicon dioxide in a dental and / or oral care product as an abrasive.

8. Use of a combination of Rochelle salt and silicon dioxide in a dental and / or oral care product as a preservative.

9. Use of Rochelle salt in dental and / or oral care products as an antioxidant. 26