Method for installing a set of electronic detonators and associated ignition method

Abstract

A method for installing a set of electronic detonators in blast holes of a mining face comprises the following steps: - connecting (S41) detonators, charged into the blast holes, to a movable test device; - receiving (S42), by the movable test device, a message sent by each detonator; - determining (S43), from that message, a set of values {V}, representing the total number of detonators connected to the movable test device; - sending (S44), to one or more detonators of said set, a data set {D} to store comprising said set of values {V} representing the total number of detonators connected to the movable test device ; and - storing (S45) said data set {D} in memory saving means of one or more detonators of said set of electronic detonators. Use for later verification of the connection of the detonators before firing. The most suitable drawing: Figure 4

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION

[0002] Title of the invention: Method for installing a set of electronic detonators and associated firing method

[0003] The present invention relates to a method of installing a set of electronic detonators at the working face.

[0004] It also relates to a method of firing a set of electronic detonators installed at the working face according to the installation method in accordance with the invention.

[0005] The present invention further relates to a mobile test device for implementing the installation method according to the invention as well as a system for firing a set of electronic detonators installed at the working face according to the installation method according to the invention.

[0006] Generally speaking, the present invention applies to the field of mines and quarries and to public works sites using programmable electronic detonators which are fired remotely according to a predetermined firing plan.

[0007] The blasting plan defines at the working face the location of blast holes intended to each receive an electronic detonator associated with an explosive, as well as the firing sequence, i.e. the delay associated with each electronic detonator, according to its location in each blast hole at the working face.

[0008] The firing of electronic detonators according to a firing plan is traditionally implemented in two main stages, one at the working face, the other at a distance from the working face.

[0009] First, the electronic detonators are loaded into the blast holes defined by the blast plan, then identified one by one using a mobile test device at the face.

[0010] The mobile test device is generally designed to read, address, test, program one or more electronic detonators, simultaneously or individually, with or without contact. The identification step consists of the mobile test device reading a unique identifier associated with each electronic detonator as each electronic detonator is connected, wired or wireless, to the mobile test device. A delay is then associated with each electronic detonator according to the chosen blast plan, which associates a predefined delay with each blast hole according to its location in the working face. This delay associated with each electronic detonator is stored in the mobile test device.

[0011] In some applications, it is planned at this stage to program and memorize, in each electronic detonator, the firing delay associated with it according to the chosen firing plan.

[0012] Usually, the mobile test device performs a test of the electronic detonators connected to the bus line in order to verify the correct connection of all the individually identified electronic detonators.

[0013] Once the previous step has been completed, the bus line to which the electronic detonators are connected is connected to a firing line and the latter is itself connected to a remote firing device.

[0014] The remote firing step can then be implemented.

[0015] This firing stage can be launched several days, or even weeks, after the stage of installing the electronic detonators at the working face.

[0016] Before the actual firing, the remote firing device carries out a test step to check that all the electronic detonators in the firing plan are properly connected to the firing line and that the firing conditions of the electronic detonators at the working face are still satisfactory for triggering the firing.

[0017] To do this, the remote firing device compares the individual identification information sent to it by each electronic detonator with the data recorded by the mobile test device during the installation and testing stage of the electronic detonators at the working face.

[0018] Thus, the data recorded by the mobile test device during the installation stage, i.e. the number of electronic detonators placed at the working face and connected to the bus line, the unique identification associated with each electronic detonator as well as the delay associated with each electronic detonator (possibly programmed in each electronic detonator), are transferred from the mobile test device to the remote firing device and stored to enable the test to be carried out before firing.

[0019] This data transfer can be achieved using a storage medium such as a USB key or possibly by transmission according to a wireless communication protocol between the mobile test device and the remote firing device.

[0020] In practice, it is then necessary to move the mobile test device and / or the storage medium over a long distance, between the working face and the remote firing device.

[0021] The present invention aims to resolve at least one of the aforementioned drawbacks and to propose a simplified installation of a set of electronic detonators, then their firing according to a predefined firing plan.

[0022] To this end, the present invention relates, according to a first aspect, to a method of installing a set of electronic detonators in blast holes of a working face.

[0023] The installation process includes the following steps:

[0024] - connection of electronic detonators loaded in blast holes to a mobile test device;

[0025] - reception by the mobile test device of a message addressed by each detonator of said set of electronic detonators;

[0026] - determination by the mobile test device from said message sent by each detonator of a set of values ​​representative of the total number of electronic detonators connected to the mobile test device;

[0027] - sending by said mobile test device to one or more detonators of said set of electronic detonators, a set of data to be stored comprising said set of values ​​representative of the total number of electronic detonators connected to the mobile test device; and - storing said set of data in recording means of one or more detonators of said set of electronic detonators.

[0028] Thus, at least one detonator of the set of electronic detonators stores at least part of a set of values ​​representative of the total number of electronic detonators connected to the mobile test device during the installation of the detonators at the working face.

[0029] This information can thus be transmitted by at least one detonator once the electronic detonators are connected to a remote firing device to enable validation of the entire installation and correct connection, and in particular to check that there are no current leaks on the connection line from the electronic detonators to the remote firing device.

[0030] Storing information useful for the validation test in at least one electronic detonator eliminates the need for data transfer between the mobile test device and a remote firing device.

[0031] Therefore, there is no need to physically transfer the data obtained when installing the electronic detonators at the working face to the remote firing device.

[0032] According to one embodiment, in the sending step, said set of data to be stored is sent to all the detonators of the set of electronic detonators, said set of data being stored in recording means of each detonator of the set of electronic detonators.

[0033] Storing the data set redundantly in all electronic detonators ensures that this data set can be transferred later to a remote firing device, even if one of the detonators or its connection to the remote firing device fails.

[0034] Advantageously, said set of data to be stored further comprises a reference of the working face. Thus, when several shots are envisaged over the same period of time, the reference of the working face makes it possible to ensure the correct allocation of a set of stored data to a particular working face.

[0035] In a practical embodiment, said set of values ​​comprises the total number of electronic detonators connected to the mobile test device.

[0036] The total number of electronic detonators connected during the installation process at the face allows for subsequent verification that the correct number of electronic detonators are connected to the remote firing device, before firing.

[0037] In a particular embodiment, each detonator comprises means for storing at least one delay category reference chosen from a predefined set of delay categories.

[0038] In one embodiment, the installation method further comprises, for each delay category, a step of transmitting a test command by said mobile test device to a subset of electronic detonators comprising the same stored delay category reference and, in the determination step, said set of values ​​comprises, for each delay category, the number of electronic detonators comprising this same stored delay category reference.

[0039] This information on the number of electronic detonators in each delay category subsequently allows verification that the correct number of electronic detonators, in each delay category according to the chosen firing plan, is connected to the remote firing device, before firing.

[0040] In another embodiment, in addition or as an alternative to the previous embodiment, in the step of reception by said mobile test device of a message addressed by each detonator of said set of electronic detonators, said message comprises at least the delay category reference stored in said storage means of said detonator, and in the determination step, said set of values ​​comprises, for each delay category, the number of electronic detonators comprising this same stored delay category reference.

[0041] Preferably, in order to verify that the detonators of all delay categories implemented during installation at the working face are properly connected, the data set to be stored includes the number of delay categories of said predefined set of delay categories.

[0042] In practice, in the storage step, the number of electronic detonators comprising said recorded delay category reference is stored respectively in the recording means of at least one electronic detonator comprising said stored delay category reference.

[0043] In one embodiment, the installation method further comprises the following steps:

[0044] - selecting in the mobile test device a model of associations of each delay category to a predefined delay according to a predetermined firing plan; and

[0045] - programming a firing delay in each detonator of the set of electronic detonators from said association model and the delay category reference stored in the storage means of said detonator.

[0046] This delay programming at the mobile test device level is simplified by using an association model. The firing delay can be programmed automatically based on the delay category stored at each detonator. All detonators can be programmed simultaneously and not one by one.

[0047] The present invention also relates, according to a second aspect, to a method of firing a set of electronic detonators installed at the working face according to the installation method described previously, implemented in a firing device.

[0048] The firing process includes the following steps:

[0049] - connection of said set of electronic detonators to the firing device; - reception of a message addressed by each detonator of said set of electronic detonators;

[0050] - reception of said set of data stored in said recording means of one or more detonators of said set of electronic detonators;

[0051] - extraction of said stored data set from said set of values ​​representative of the total number of electronic detonators connected to the mobile test device during the installation of said set of electronic detonators at the working face;

[0052] - determination of the current number of electronic detonators of said set of electronic detonators connected to the firing device from the message sent by each detonator of said set of electronic detonators;

[0053] - comparison of said current number with said set of values ​​representative of the total number of electronic detonators connected to the mobile test device; and

[0054] - sending a test validation message if said current number is in agreement with said set of values ​​representative of the total number and a non-validation message if said current number is not in agreement with said set of values ​​representative of the total number.

[0055] Verification of correct connection of the detonator assembly can thus be carried out from the data set transmitted by one or more electronic detonators to the remote firing device and does not require the transfer of data between the mobile test device used during the installation of the detonators at the working face and the firing device, remote from the working face.

[0056] According to one embodiment, the method of firing a set of electronic detonators installed at the working face comprises the following steps:

[0057] - connection of said set of electronic detonators to the firing device; - reception of a message addressed by each detonator of said set of electronic detonators, said message comprising at least the delay category reference stored in said storage means of said detonator;

[0058] - reception of said set of data stored in said recording means of one or more detonators of said set of electronic detonators;

[0059] - extracting from said stored data set said set of values ​​comprising, for each delay category, the number of electronic detonators comprising said stored delay category reference;

[0060] - determination, for each delay category, of the current number of electronic detonators comprising said stored delay category reference, from said message sent by each detonator of said set of electronic detonators;

[0061] - comparison, for each delay category, of said current number with said number of electronic detonators comprising said stored delay category reference; and

[0062] - sending a test validation message if said current number is equal to said number of electronic detonators comprising said delay category reference stored for all delay categories, and a non-validation message if said current number is different from said number of electronic detonators comprising said delay category reference stored for at least one delay category.

[0063] The firing process thus makes it possible to validate or not the installation of electronic detonators and their connection before firing, based on knowledge of the number of electronic detonators in each delay category.

[0064] According to another embodiment, the method of firing a set of electronic detonators installed at the working face comprises the following steps: - connection of said set of electronic detonators to the firing device;

[0065] - sending, for each delay category, a test command by said firing device to a subset of electronic detonators comprising the same stored delay category reference;

[0066] - reception, for each delay category, of a message sent by each detonator of said subset of electronic detonators comprising said same stored delay category;

[0067] - reception of said set of data stored in said recording means of one or more detonators of said set of electronic detonators;

[0068] - extracting from said stored data set said set of values ​​comprising, for each delay category, the number of electronic detonators comprising said stored delay category reference;

[0069] - determination, for each delay category, of the current number of electronic detonators comprising said stored delay category reference, from said message sent by each detonator of said subset of electronic detonators comprising said same stored delay category;

[0070] - comparison, for each delay category, of said current number with said number of electronic detonators comprising said stored delay category reference; and

[0071] - sending a test validation message if said current number is equal to said number of electronic detonators comprising said delay category reference stored for all delay categories, and a non-validation message if said current number is different from said number of electronic detonators comprising said delay category reference stored for at least one delay category.

[0072] In practice, at the stage of sending a non-validation message, the delay category or categories whose current number is different from said number of electronic detonators comprising said stored delay category reference is or are identified.

[0073] The operator can thus identify defective detonators among the set of electronic detonators, and decide, depending on the delay category concerned, whether to suspend firing or trigger it.

[0074] In an advantageous embodiment, the firing method further comprises the following steps:

[0075] - selection of a model of associations of each delay category to a predefined delay according to a predetermined firing plan; and

[0076] - programming a firing delay in each detonator of said set of electronic detonators from said association model and the delay category reference stored in the storage means of said detonator.

[0077] Delay programming can thus be carried out from the remote firing device, and is simplified by the use of an association model. The firing delay can be programmed automatically according to the delay category stored at each detonator. All detonators can be programmed simultaneously and not one by one.

[0078] The present invention also relates, according to a third aspect, to a mobile test device for implementing the installation method described above.

[0079] The mobile test device includes:

[0080] - means for receiving a message sent by each detonator of said set of electronic detonators loaded into blast holes;

[0081] - means for determining from said message sent by each detonator a set of values ​​representative of the total number of electronic detonators connected to said mobile test device; and

[0082] - means for sending to one or more detonators of said set of electronic detonators a set of data to be stored comprising said set of values ​​representative of the total number of electronic detonators connected to said mobile test device. The mobile test device has characteristics and advantages similar to the installation method that it implements.

[0083] The present invention finally relates, according to a fourth aspect, to a system for firing a set of electronic detonators installed at the working face according to the installation method described above.

[0084] The firing system comprises a mobile test device adapted to be connected to a bus line, the electronic detonators being connected to said bus line, and a firing device adapted to be remotely connected via a firing line to said bus line.

[0085] In practice, each detonator of said set of electronic detonators comprises means for storing a delay category reference chosen from a predefined set of delay categories, each delay category being identified by a predefined combination of a numerical code and a color code, said numerical code being stored as a delay category reference in said storage means of each detonator.

[0086] Advantageously, said digital code and said color code of each predefined combination are visible on at least one location chosen from a connection cable of the electronic detonator or a connector of said electronic detonator to the bus line.

[0087] The combination of a number and a color makes it possible to simply and visually define the delay category to which the electronic detonator belongs and thus facilitate its installation at the working face.

[0088] In practice, the said predefined set of delay categories includes between 16 and 32, or even 64 different delay categories.

[0089] The firing system has characteristics and advantages similar to the firing method described previously.

[0090] Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the description below with reference to the appended drawings, given as non-limiting examples:

[0091] [Fig. 1] Figure 1 is a schematic view of a firing system according to one embodiment of the invention; [Fig. 2] Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating the programming of a firing plan for a firing system of Figure 1;

[0092] [Fig. 3] Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating a model of associations of delay categories to predefined delays according to the example of the firing plan of Figure 2;

[0093] [Fig. 4] Figure 4 is an algorithm of a method of installing an electronic detonator assembly according to one embodiment of the invention; and

[0094] [Fig.5] Figure 5 is an algorithm of a method of firing a set of electronic detonators according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0095] We will first describe with reference to Figure 1 a system for igniting a set of electronic detonators installed at the working face.

[0096] The firing system comprises several electronic detonators 10, each intended to be installed in a mine hole at the working face (called a "face" in English terminology).

[0097] Typically, each electronic detonator 10 is placed with a predetermined amount of explosive in a blast hole drilled in a wall.

[0098] All 10 electronic detonators installed at the working face are then intended to be detonated in a single volley.

[0099] Such a firing system is used in particular in mining and quarrying applications and public works sites.

[0100] In this embodiment, the firing system comprises a mobile test device 20 adapted to be connected to a bus line L1.

[0101] The electronic detonators 10 are also connected to the bus line L1 and thus connected to the mobile test device 20.

[0102] The mobile test device 20 can thus communicate with one or more electronic detonators 10, simultaneously or individually, in order to read information or data stored by the electronic detonators 10, address information to these electronic detonators 10 and test their connection and their operating state. In certain embodiments, the mobile test device 20 is also designed to program the electronic detonators 10, and for example program a firing delay (delay in English terminology) as will be described in more detail later.

[0103] The mobile test device 20 conventionally comprises receiving 21 and sending 22 means enabling communication with the electronic detonators 10, simultaneously or individually.

[0104] The receiving means 21 are adapted in particular to receive a message addressed by each electronic detonator 10, simultaneously or individually. The sending means 22 are adapted to address messages and / or information to be stored or programmed in each electronic detonator 10.

[0105] The receiving 21 and sending 22 means may be formed from a bidirectional transmitter / receiver, known to those skilled in the art in the field of wired network communication.

[0106] Although in the exemplary embodiment illustrated in Figure 1, the electronic detonators 10 and the mobile test device 20 are connected by a wired connection by means of the bus line L1, the invention is not limited to this type of connection.

[0107] In particular, the mobile test device 20 and the electronic detonators 10 could communicate via a wireless link, in particular via a radio link. The receiving 21 and sending 22 means can then be formed from a bidirectional transmitting / receiving antenna, known to those skilled in the art in the field of wireless network communication.

[0108] The mobile test device 20 further comprises a microprocessor 23 making it possible to implement various data processing, calculations and settings as will be described later with reference to the method of installing electronic detonators at the working face.

[0109] The mobile test device 20 also includes a memory 24 of the writable memory type EEPROM (acronym for the English terminology "Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory"). 1'). The role and operation of the mobile test device 20 will be described in more detail with reference to the method of installing the electronic detonators 10 at the working face.

[0110] The firing system further comprises a firing device 30 intended to be connected remotely to the electronic detonators 10.

[0111] As illustrated in Figure 1, the firing device 30 is connected via a firing line L2, itself connected to the bus line L1.

[0112] The firing device 30 is intended to be placed at a long distance from the working face to allow the firing to be triggered safely for the operator controlling the firing from the firing device 30.

[0113] The firing device 30 comprises receiving means 31 and sending means 32 allowing two-way communication between the electronic detonators 10 and the firing device 30, simultaneously or individually.

[0114] The receiving means 31 and sending means 32 are similar to those described previously in connection with the mobile test device 20.

[0115] The firing device 30 further comprises a microprocessor 33 making it possible to implement various data processing, calculations and settings as will be described later with reference to the firing method as described later.

[0116] A programmable memory 34 of the EEPROM memory type is also provided in the firing device 30.

[0117] A display screen 35 may also be provided on the firing device 30 to communicate with the operator.

[0118] The role and operation of the firing device 30 will be described in more detail with reference to the firing method.

[0119] Each electronic detonator 10 comprises bidirectional communication means 13 adapted to the communication of the electronic detonator 10 with the mobile test device 20 and / or the firing device 30. The bidirectional communication means 13 of the electronic detonators are similar to the reception 21 and sending 22 means described previously in connection with the mobile test device 20. Furthermore, each electronic detonator 10 comprises storage means 11 adapted to store identification information specific to each electronic detonator 10.

[0120] These storage means 11 are formed for example of a read-only memory (in English terminology ROM or Read Only Memory) or a writable memory of the EEPROM memory type.

[0121] In particular, each electronic detonator 10 is associated with a unique identifier ID configured in the electronic detonator 10 at the time of its manufacture.

[0122] The IDY value of this ID identifier is included here, for purely illustrative purposes, between ID1 and IDN, N corresponding to the total number of electronic detonators 10 installed at the working face for the implementation of a shot.

[0123] In the illustrated embodiment, and in a non-limiting manner, each electronic detonator 10 also comprises a reference x of delay category Cx recorded in the storage means 11.

[0124] In principle, the implementation of a Cx delay category consists of pre-categorizing the electronic detonators 10 according to their Cx delay category, all the electronic detonators 10 associated with the same Cx delay category then being programmed with the same firing delay (delay) according to a predetermined firing plan.

[0125] Each delay category Cx is preferably identified by a predefined combination of a numerical code x and a color code.

[0126] The digital code or number x is stored as a delay category reference Cx in the storage means 11 of each electronic detonator 10.

[0127] In order to facilitate the installation of the electronic detonators 10 in the blast holes at the working face, the delay category Cx with which the electronic detonator is associated is visually apparent on each electronic detonator 10.

[0128] The use of a numerical code or number x and a color code makes it possible, in combination, to facilitate the identification by the operator at the working face of each electronic detonator 10 to be installed. Preferably, the number x and the associated color of each combination are visible on the electronic detonator 10.

[0129] The number x and / or the color code can be visible for example on the connection cable of the electronic detonator 10 to the bus line L1.

[0130] This embodiment is illustrated in Figure 1 where a label of a different color, bearing the number 1, x, ..., n, is attached to the connection cable of each electronic detonator 10.

[0131] Of course, other types of location could be chosen to make visible the delay category Cx with which the electronic detonator 10 is associated.

[0132] For example, the combination of the numerical code and the color code identifying each delay category Cx could also be visible on a connector (not shown) connecting the electronic detonator 10 to the bus line L1.

[0133] Furthermore, an RFID type label can be fixed on an external face of the housing of the electronic detonator 10. This label can thus include not only the color code and the numerical code x of the delay category Cx but also the identifier IDY of the electronic detonator 10.

[0134] The interest in categorizing electronic detonators 10 will appear in more detail below, with reference to the process of installing and firing electronic detonators.

[0135] Finally, each electronic detonator 10 further comprises recording means 12 formed of a writable memory of the EEPROM memory type.

[0136] In practice, the recording means 12 may be distinct from the storage means 11 of each electronic detonator 10 or be formed from the same EEPROM memory with separate registers for storing the different data.

[0137] As will appear in the description below, the recording means 12 make it possible to store locally, at the level of each or some of the electronic detonators 10, data in connection with the firing plan in which these electronic detonators 10 are implemented. Figure 2 thus illustrates an example of a firing plan associated with a working face identified by a reference FZ.

[0138] When defining a firing plan, the programmer defines at the working face the location of the various electronic detonators 10, illustrated schematically by points in Figure 2, and associates a firing delay with them.

[0139] A model of associations T (or template in Anglo-Saxon terminology) as illustrated in figure 3, is then defined in parallel, making it possible to associate with each category of delay Cx a firing delay (in milliseconds).

[0140] By way of non-limiting example, figures 2 and 3 illustrate the implementation of six delay categories C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6 associated respectively with 0, 250, 500, 750, 1000, 1250 ms of firing delay.

[0141] Of course, this example of realization is purely illustrative.

[0142] In practice, the predefined set of delay categories Cx includes between 16 and 32 different delay categories for the production of a conventional blasting plan. This number can be increased to 64 for larger blasting plans. Typically, the use of 20 to 25 different delay categories makes it possible to produce a blasting plan for a given FZ face.

[0143] Using a T-association model avoids having to know the value of the firing delay at the firing plan level as illustrated in Figure 2.

[0144] Indeed, the firing plan can be produced by locating the electronic detonators 10 having the same firing delay and assigning them a delay category Cx, and this for each different firing delay of the firing plan. The association model T then makes it possible to define the firing delay for each delay category Cx.

[0145] At the firing plan level as illustrated in Figure 2, each electronic detonator 10 can thus be visualized by a colored point and a number x, corresponding to the color code and the numerical code characterizing its delay category Cx. We will now describe with reference to Figure 4 a method of installing a set of electronic detonators 10 according to an embodiment of the invention.

[0146] As previously described with reference to FIG. 1, each electronic detonator 10 is placed in a blast hole of a working face.

[0147] This placement of the electronic detonators is carried out according to the firing plan such as that given as an example in figure 2.

[0148] For this purpose, the installer may have a loading card, available for example on the mobile test device 20, and making it possible to identify the location of each electronic detonator and its delay category Cx, displayed by the associated color code and digital code x.

[0149] This loading board simplifies the placement of each 10 electronic detonator into the dedicated blast hole.

[0150] The installer can, for a given FZ face, obtain the necessary number of 10 electronic detonators of each Cx delay category, then place them at the FZ face, respecting only the color code and / or the numerical code of the loading card.

[0151] The installation method then comprises a step S41 of connecting the electronic detonators 10 to the mobile test device 20.

[0152] In the exemplary embodiment described with reference to FIG. 1, and in a non-limiting manner, the connection of the electronic detonators 10 is carried out via the bus line L1, itself connected to the mobile test device 20.

[0153] The installation method then comprises a step S42 of reception by the mobile test device 20 of a message sent by each electronic detonator 10.

[0154] The transmission of a message by each electronic detonator 10 can be carried out spontaneously.

[0155] For example, the transmission of a message by each detonator can take place as soon as it is connected to the bus line L1, itself connected to the mobile test device 20.

[0156] Each electronic detonator 10 is thus adapted to transmit a message to the mobile test device 20 as soon as it is powered up. The messages at the reception step S42 are thus received one after the other, as the electronic detonators are connected to the bus line L1.

[0157] Alternatively, in another embodiment, the mobile test device 20 addresses, in a transmission step, a test command to all of the electronic detonators 10, after their connection to the bus line L1.

[0158] The reception step S42 then makes it possible to receive, simultaneously or individually, a response message, addressed by each electronic detonator 10 to the mobile test device 20.

[0159] The reception step S42 is implemented by the reception means 21 of the mobile test device 20.

[0160] The installation method then comprises a step S43 of determining, from the message sent by each electronic detonator 10, a set of values ​​V representative of the total number of electronic detonators 10 connected to the mobile test device 20.

[0161] The determination step S43 is implemented by determination means formed by the microprocessor 23, from the messages received in the reception step S42.

[0162] In particular, this set of values ​​V determined by the mobile test device 20 may comprise the total number N of electronic detonators 10 connected to the mobile test device 20.

[0163] The total number N of electronic detonators 10 can be determined from the number of messages received at the receiving step S42.

[0164] More particularly, in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, in which each electronic detonator 10 is associated with a delay category Cx, in the determination step S43, the set of values ​​V comprises, for each delay category Cx, the number Nx of electronic detonators 10 comprising the reference x of delay category Cx stored in the storage means 11. The set of numbers Nx of electronic detonators associated with each delay category Cx thus forms a set of values ​​V representative of the total number N of electronic detonators 10 at the working face.

[0165] In such an embodiment, the determining step S43 may also make it possible to specifically determine the total number N of electronic detonators 10 by the following calculation: where n is the number of delay categories used in the implemented firing plan.

[0166] In order to enable the number Nx of electronic detonators 10 associated with the delay category Cx to be determined, in the reception step S42, the message comprises at least the reference x of delay category Cx stored in the storage means 11 of the electronic detonator 10, and this for each electronic detonator 10 connected to the mobile test device 20.

[0167] In such an embodiment, the number n of delay categories Cx of the predefined set of delay categories used in the cutting edge FZ can then also be determined from all the messages received. For example, the microprocessor 23 is adapted to calculate the sum of the different references x of delay category Cx extracted from the messages received.

[0168] The number n of Cx delay categories is useful for checking later, during a test before firing as described below, that the electronic detonators 10 of each Cx delay category of the predefined set of Cx delay categories implemented in the firing plan are indeed present.

[0169] Alternatively, the message sent by each electronic detonator 10 may not include information on the delay category Cx with which each electronic detonator is associated.

[0170] In this case, the mobile test device 20 interrogates the electronic detonators 10, delay category by delay category, only the electronic detonators 10 associated with the same delay category Cx simultaneously transmitting a message to the mobile test device 20. The latter can thus determine, in the determination step S43, the number Nx of electronic detonators 10 associated with the delay category Cx.

[0171] In such an embodiment, the delay categories Cx used for the working face FZ must be stored at the mobile test device 20 to allow interrogation of the electronic detonators 10, delay category by delay category.

[0172] In the determination step S43, the set of values ​​V thus comprises the total number N of electronic detonators at the working face, determined directly from the number of messages received and / or determined indirectly from the number Nx of electronic detonators of each delay category Cx.

[0173] This information determined during the implementation of the method of installing the electronic detonators 10 at the working face is useful for verifying the proper functioning and correct connection of each electronic detonator 10 at the time of triggering the shot, which may occur several days, or even several weeks, after the installation of the electronic detonators 10 at the working face.

[0174] To this end, the installation method comprises a step S44 of sending by the mobile test device 20 to at least one electronic detonator 10 a set of data D to be stored.

[0175] The sending step S44 is implemented by the sending means 22 of the mobile test device 20. The data set D is received by the bidirectional communication means 13 of the electronic detonator(s) 13.

[0176] The data set D is intended to be stored in the recording means 12 of an electronic detonator 10.

[0177] The electronic detonator 10 which stores the data set D can be randomly selected by the mobile test device 20 from the set of electronic detonators 10, or can be selected according to the strength of the message sent by each electronic detonator 10. In the latter case, the electronic detonator 10 having a response signal of higher amplitude can be selected.

[0178] The data set D to be stored comprises the set of values ​​V representative of the total number N of electronic detonators 10 connected to the mobile test device 20.

[0179] The installation method thus comprises a step S45 of storing the data set D in a writable memory of at least one electronic detonator 10.

[0180] Information such as the total number N of electronic detonators 10 connected to the mobile test device 20 can thus be stored at the level of one or more electronic detonators connected to the bus line L1.

[0181] In one embodiment, in the sending step S44, the data set D to be stored is sent to all the electronic detonators 10 of the set of electronic detonators connected to the bus line L1.

[0182] Therefore, the data set D is stored in the recording means 12 of each electronic detonator 10 of the set of electronic detonators.

[0183] The information thus stored is then available at any of the electronic detonators 10.

[0184] Consequently, in the event of failure of one or other of the electronic detonators 10, the redundant storage of the data set D makes it possible to secure the availability of this information at the level of all the electronic detonators 10.

[0185] Alternatively, in the storage step S44, the number Nx of electronic detonators 10 associated with the delay category Cx is stored in the recording means 12 of at least one electronic detonator 10 which comprises this delay category reference Cx stored in the storage means 11.

[0186] Thus, the storage of the number Nx of electronic detonators 10 associated with each delay category Cx is distributed among the electronic detonators 10 of each delay category Cx. For reasons of redundancy, the number Nx of electronic detonators 10 associated with the delay category Cx can be stored in the recording means 12 of all the electronic detonators 10 which include this delay category reference Cx stored in their storage means 11.

[0187] In addition to the total number N of electronic detonators and / or the number Nx of electronic detonators 10 of each delay category Cx, the data set D to be stored may also include a reference FZ of the working face among a set of working faces.

[0188] In the context of multiple blast planning, the FZ reference of the working face, as associated with the blast plan during its programming as explained previously with reference to figure 2, makes it possible to subsequently verify, in particular before programming the delays of each electronic detonator, the concordance of the blast plan used with the FZ working face to be programmed.

[0189] The data set D to be stored may also include the number n of delay categories Cx used in the working face FZ.

[0190] The process of installing the electronic detonators 10 and their reading and programming by the mobile test device 20 can be completed at this stage.

[0191] However, it is also possible to provide for the programming by the mobile test device 20 of the predefined delay associated with each electronic detonator 10 according to the firing plan.

[0192] In this case, the installation method further comprises a step S46 of selecting an association model T as illustrated in FIG. 3, associating each delay category Cx with a predefined delay according to a predetermined firing plan.

[0193] The selection of an association model T is carried out by an operator, from association models T stored in the memory 24 of the mobile test device 20.

[0194] From this association model T, a programming step S47 is implemented by the mobile test device 20: the predefined delay is addressed to each electronic detonator 10 according to the delay category Cx associated with it. The predefined delay is then stored in the recording means 12 of each electronic detonator 10.

[0195] The programming step S47 is thus implemented from the association model T and the delay category reference Cx stored in the storage means 12 of each electronic detonator 10.

[0196] Using a T association model allows the predefined delay to be programmed simultaneously in all electronic detonators from the stored delay category reference Cx.

[0197] Programming the delay in each electronic detonator 10 according to a firing plan is thus facilitated.

[0198] We will now describe with reference to Figure 5 the process of firing a set of electronic detonators installed at the working face.

[0199] The firing method is implemented in the firing device 33 as illustrated in Figure 1, which can be placed at a long distance from the working face FZ and the electronic detonators 10.

[0200] Furthermore, the method of firing all of the electronic detonators 10 can be implemented long after the step of installing the electronic detonators 10 in the blast holes.

[0201] It is therefore essential to test, before triggering the firing, that all of the electronic detonators 10 are in working order and connected to the firing device 30 to receive the firing order.

[0202] To this end, the firing method firstly comprises a step S51 of connecting the set of electronic detonators 10 to the firing device 30.

[0203] In practice, the connection can be made by a firing line L2 connected to the bus line L1 to which the electronic detonators 10 were connected at the time of installation at the working face.

[0204] The firing method then comprises a step S52 of receiving a message addressed by each electronic detonator 10. The firing device 30 thus receives, at the reception means 31, a number N' of messages addressed by all of the electronic detonators 10 connected to the firing device 30.

[0205] The transmission of messages by the electronic detonators 10 may be spontaneous, as soon as the electronic detonators 10 are powered up during the connection and / or powering up of the firing device 30.

[0206] In an alternative embodiment, the firing device 30 can be adapted to implement a step of sending by the sending means 32 a test command to all of the electronic detonators 10.

[0207] The reception step S52 is then adapted to receive in response the messages addressed by each electronic detonator 10.

[0208] The firing method also comprises a step S53 of receiving the data set D stored in the recording means 12 of at least one electronic detonator 10.

[0209] As previously indicated, the set of data D can be stored in one, several or all of the electronic detonators 10 of the set of electronic detonators installed at the working face.

[0210] More particularly, and in a non-limiting manner, in the implementation illustrated in FIG. 1 for which each electronic detonator 10 is associated with a delay category Cx, in the step S52 of receiving a message sent by each electronic detonator 10, the message further comprises at least the delay category reference Cx stored in the storage means 11 of the electronic detonator 10.

[0211] Alternatively, the firing device 30 can be adapted to implement a step of sending, for each delay category Cx, a test command to the subset of electronic detonators 10 comprising the same stored delay category reference Cx.

[0212] The number of messages received thus corresponds directly to the current number of electronic detonators 10 associated with this delay category Cx.

[0213] The firing method then comprises a step S54 of extracting from the data set D a set of values ​​V representative of the total number N of electronic detonators 10 connected to the mobile test device 20 during the installation of the set of electronic detonators 10 at the working face.

[0214] The extraction step S54 is implemented by the microprocessor 33 of the firing device 30.

[0215] The set of values ​​representative of the total number of electronic detonators may correspond, as indicated previously, to the total number N of electronic detonators 10 connected to the bus line L1 and / or to the numbers Nx of electronic detonators 10 associated with each delay category Cx, and this for the predefined set {1, ..., x, ..., n} of delay categories Cx.

[0216] At extraction step S54, it is also possible to extract from the data set D the reference FZ of the relevant working face as well as the number n of delay categories Cx used in the working face at the time of installation of the electronic detonators 10.

[0217] The firing method further comprises a step S55 of determining, from the step S52 of receiving the messages sent by each electronic detonator 10, the current number N' of electronic detonators 10 connected to the firing device 30.

[0218] The determination step S55 is implemented by a computer of the microprocessor 33 of the firing device 30.

[0219] The current number N' can thus be calculated from the sum of the messages received at reception step S52.

[0220] In the embodiment in which the message received in the reception step S52 comprises the delay category reference Cx stored in each electronic detonator 10, the determination step S55 is adapted to determine, for each delay category Cx, the current number N'x of electronic detonators 10 associated with this delay category Cx.

[0221] In the embodiment in which the electronic detonators 10 are interrogated delay category by delay category by the firing device 30, the number of messages received in response to each sending of a test command corresponds to the current number N'x of electronic detonators 10 associated with this delay category Cx.

[0222] The current number N'x of electronic detonators 10 associated with each delay category Cx also makes it possible to alternatively determine, by calculating the sum, the current number N' of electronic detonators connected to the firing device 30.

[0223] It will thus be noted that from the set of data D transmitted by the electronic detonators 10, it is possible to know, at the level of the firing device 30, the conditions of installation of the electronic detonators 10 at the working face, and in particular the total number N of electronic detonators connected to the bus line L1, as well as the number Nx of electronic detonators 10 associated with each delay category Cx.

[0224] This information can thus be transmitted directly, from one or more electronic detonators 10 to the firing device 30 and avoids any transfer of information by the mobile test device 20 or any other information medium.

[0225] From the extraction steps S54 and determination S55, a comparison step S56 is implemented by the microprocessor 33 of the firing device 30.

[0226] At this comparison step S56, the current number N' of electronic detonators 10 connected to the firing device 30 is compared with the set of values ​​representative of the total number N of electronic detonators connected to the mobile test device 20 at the time of installation of the electronic detonators 10.

[0227] As previously indicated, the current number N' is calculated from the number of messages received at the reception step S52.

[0228] In the comparison step S56, the current number N' is compared with the total number N of electronic detonators 10 or with the sum of the number Nx of electronic detonators 10 associated with each delay category Cx.

[0229] In practice, the current number N' is in agreement with the set of values ​​V representative of the total number N when

[0230] N' = N OR where n is the number of delay categories of the predefined set at the time of installation at the working face of the electronic detonators.

[0231] In the embodiment in which each electronic detonator 10 is associated with a delay category Cx, the comparison step S56 also comprises a comparison, for each delay category Cx, x belonging to {1, ..., n} of the current number N'x of electronic detonators 10 connected to the firing device 30 with the number Nx of electronic detonators 10 associated with the delay category Cx.

[0232] In practice, the current number N'x of electronic detonators 10 connected to the firing device 30 is consistent with the number Nx of electronic detonators 10 associated with the delay category Cx when N'x = Nx, and this for any delay category Cx, x belonging to {1, ..., n}.

[0233] Depending on the result of the comparison(s), a step S57 of transmitting a validation message VAL-OK is implemented if the current number N' is consistent with the set of values ​​representative of the total number N of electronic detonators connected to the mobile test device 20 at the time of installation, and if, for all the delay categories Cx, the current number N'x is consistent with the number Nx of electronic detonators 10 associated with the delay category Cx at the time of installation of the electronic detonators 10, when electronic detonators associated with a delay category Cx are implemented.

[0234] This step S57 of transmitting a message can be carried out by transmitting an audio message or information or alert displayed on the display screen 35 of the firing device 30.

[0235] As indicated previously, the programming of the predefined delay associated with each electronic detonator 10 can be implemented by the firing device 30. In this case, the firing method comprises a step S58 of selecting an association model T as illustrated in FIG. 3, associating for each delay category Cx a predefined delay according to a predetermined firing plan. The selection of the association model T can be implemented from association models recorded in the programmable memory 34 of the firing device 30.

[0236] When several shots are programmed and must be implemented by the firing device 30, the FZ reference of the working face makes it possible to select the association model T corresponding to the selected firing plan.

[0237] Thanks to the T association model, the predefined delay can be programmed simultaneously in all electronic detonators 10, during a single programming step S59.

[0238] The programming step S59 is thus implemented from the association model T and the delay category reference Cx stored in the storage means 11 of each electronic detonator 10.

[0239] In practice, a global message, comprising according to the association model T, a predefined delay associated with each delay category Cx, can be addressed to all the electronic detonators 10, the programming of each predefined delay being implemented as a function of the delay category reference Cx stored in the storage means 11 of each electronic detonator 10.

[0240] Programming the delay in each electronic detonator 10 according to a firing plan is thus facilitated.

[0241] After this procedure of testing and validating the connection of all the electronic detonators 10 by the firing device 30, and possibly the programming of the delay associated with each electronic detonator 10, a step S60 of sending a firing order can be implemented in complete safety for triggering the firing.

[0242] Conversely, if at the end of the comparison step S56, the current number N' of electronic detonators 10 does not match the set of values ​​V representative of the total number N of electronic detonators connected to the mobile test device 20 at the time of installation, a step S61 of sending a non-validation message VAL-NOK is implemented.

[0243] This VAL-NOK message is addressed to the operator and prevents the firing from being triggered when the electronic detonators 10 are not all connected, are defective or are in greater number than those loaded in the blast holes at the time of installation. This VAL-NOK message can also be an audible alert or a message displayed on the screen 35 of the firing device 30.

[0244] In the embodiment in which each electronic detonator 10 is associated with a delay category Cx, the comparison step S56 also comprises the comparison for each delay category Cx of the current number N'x of electronic detonators with the number Nx of electronic detonators 10 associated with the delay category Cx.

[0245] If the current number N'x is different from the number Nx for at least one delay category Cx, the step S61 of sending a non-validation message VAL-NOK is implemented.

[0246] An identification step S62 is implemented in order to identify the delay category(ies) Cf for which the current number N'f is different from the number Nf of electronic detonators 10 comprising the stored delay category reference Cf.

[0247] The identification step S62 thus makes it possible to indicate to the operator the delay category(ies) Cf for which there are one or more additional electronic detonators for example, or one or more electronic detonators 10 which are defective, or not connected to the firing device 30.

[0248] Depending on the importance of these defective electronic detonators 10 in the firing sequence, the operator can decide to interrupt or trigger the firing.

[0249] The S62 identification step thus allows improved management of remote firing, avoiding intervention at the working face thanks to the identification of defective electronic detonators 10 in the firing plan.

[0250] Of course, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described and illustrated. In particular, the installation and firing method can be implemented using electronic detonators that are not categorized according to a delay to be subsequently programmed.

Claims

32 DEMANDS 1. A method for installing a set of electronic detonators (10) in mine holes of a working face (FZ), characterized in that it comprises the following steps: - connection (S41) of said electronic detonators (10) loaded in the mine holes to a mobile test device (20); - reception (S42) by said mobile test device (20) of a message sent by each detonator of said electronic detonator set (10); - determination (S43) by said mobile test device (20) from said message sent by each detonator (10) of a set of values ​​(V) representative of the total number (N) of electronic detonators (10) connected to the mobile test device (20); - sending (S44) by said mobile test device (20) to one or more detonators of said electronic detonator set (10), of a data set (D) to be stored comprising said set of values ​​(V) representative of the total number (N) of electronic detonators (10) connected to the mobile test device (20); and - storage (S45) of said data set (D) in recording means (12) of one or more detonators of said electronic detonator set (10).

2. Installation method according to claim 1, characterized in that at the sending step (S44), said data set (D) to be stored is sent to all the detonators of said electronic detonator set (10), said data set (D) being stored in recording means (12) of each detonator of said electronic detonator set (10).

3. Installation method according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said data set (D) to be stored further comprises a reference (FZ) of said quarry face. 33 4. Installation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said set of values ​​(V) comprises the total number (N) of electronic detonators (10) connected to the mobile test device (20).

5. An installation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, each detonator (10) comprising means for storing (11) at least one delay category reference (Cx) selected from a predefined set of delay categories, characterized in that said installation method further comprises, for each delay category (Cx), a step of emitting a test command by said mobile test device (20) to a subset of electronic detonators (10) comprising the same stored delay category reference (Cx) and in that at the determination step (S43), said set of values ​​(V) comprises, for each delay category (Cx), the number (Nx) of electronic detonators (10) comprising said same stored delay category reference (Cx).

6. Installation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, each detonator (10) comprising means for storing (11) at least one delay category reference (Cx) selected from a predefined set of delay categories, characterized in that at the reception step (S42) by said mobile test device (20) of a message addressed by each detonator of said set of electronic detonators (10), said message includes at least the delay category reference (Cx) stored in said storage means (11) of said detonator and in that at the determination step (S43), said set of values ​​(V) includes, for each delay category (Cx), the number (Nx) of electronic detonators (10) including said same stored delay category reference (Cx).

7. Installation method according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that said data set (D) to be stored comprises the number (n) of delay categories (Cx) of said predefined set of delay categories.

8. Installation method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that at said memorization step (S45), the number (Nx) of electronic detonators (10) including said memorized delay category reference (Cx) is memorized respectively in the recording means (12) of at least one electronic detonator (10) including said memorized delay category reference (Cx).

9. An installation method according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that it further comprises the following steps: - selection (S46) in the mobile test device (20) of a pattern of associations (T) of each delay category (Cx) to a predefined delay according to a predetermined firing plan; and - programming (S47) of a firing delay in each detonator of said electronic detonator assembly (10) from said association pattern (T) and the delay category reference (Cx) stored in the storage means (11) of said detonator (10).

10. Method for firing an assembly of electronic detonators (10) installed at the coal face according to the installation method conforming to any one of claims 1 to 9, implemented in a firing device (30), characterized in that it comprises the following steps: - connection (S51) of said electronic detonator assembly (10) to the firing device (30); - reception (S52) of a message sent by each detonator of said electronic detonator set (10); - reception (S53) of said data set (D) stored in said recording means (12) of one or more detonators of said electronic detonator set (10); - extraction (S54) of said stored data set (D) of said value set (V) representative of the total number (N) of electronic detonators (10) connected to the mobile test device (20) during the installation of said electronic detonator set (10) at the face of the quarry (FZ); - determination (S55) of the current number (N') of electronic detonators of said electronic detonator set (10) connected to the firing device (30) from the message sent by each detonator of said electronic detonator set (10); - comparison (S56) of said current number (N') with said set of values ​​(V) representative of the total number (N) of electronic detonators (10) connected to the mobile test device (20); and - emission (S57, S61) of a validation message of a test if said current number (N') is in accord with said set of values ​​(V) representative of the total number (N) and of a non-validation message if said current number (N') is not in accord with said set of values ​​(V) representative of the total number (N).

11. Method for firing an assembly of electronic detonators (10) installed at the coal face (FZ) according to the installation method in accordance with any one of claims 5 to 9, implemented in a firing device (30), characterized in that it comprises the following steps: - connection (S51) of said electronic detonator assembly (10) to the firing device (30); - reception (S52) of a message addressed by each detonator of said electronic detonator set (10), said message including at least the delay category reference (Cx) stored in said storage means (11) of said detonator (10); - reception (S53) of said data set (D) stored in said recording means (12) of one or more detonators of said electronic detonator set (10); - extraction (S54) from said stored data set (D) of said set of values ​​(V) comprising, for each delay category (Cx), the number (Nx) of electronic detonators (10) including said stored delay category reference (Cx); - determination (S55), for each delay category (Cx), of the running number (N'x) of electronic detonators (10) including said reference 36 delayed category (Cx) stored, from said message sent by each detonator of said electronic detonator set (10); - comparison (S56), for each delay category (Cx), of said current number (N'x) with said number (Nx) of electronic detonators (10) including said stored delay category reference (Cx); and - emission (S57, S61) of a test validation message if said current number (N'x) is equal to said number (Nx) of electronic detonators (10) including said delay category reference (Cx) stored for all delay categories, and of a non-validation message if said current number (N'x) is different from said number (Nx) of electronic detonators (10) including said delay category reference (Cx) stored for at least one delay category.

12. Method for firing an assembly of electronic detonators (10) installed at the coal face (FZ) according to the installation method in accordance with any one of claims 5 to 9, implemented in a firing device (30), characterized in that it comprises the following steps: - connection (S51) of said electronic detonator assembly (10) to the firing device (30); - sending, for each category of delay (Cx), a test command by said firing device (30) to a subset of electronic detonators (10) including the same stored delay category reference (Cx); - reception (S52), for each category of delay, of a message addressed by each detonator of said subset of electronic detonators (10) including said same category of delay (Cx) stored; - reception (S53) of said data set (D) stored in said recording means (12) of one or more detonators of said electronic detonator set (10); - extraction (S54) from said stored data set (D) of said value set (V) comprising, for each delay category (Cx), the number of electronic detonators (10) including said reference of 37th category of delay (Cx) memorized; - determination (S55), for each delay category (Cx), of the current number (Nx) of electronic detonators (10) including said stored delay category reference (Cx), from said message sent by each detonator of said subset of electronic detonators (10) including said same stored delay category (Cx); - comparison (S56), for each delay category (Cx), of said current number (N'x) with said number (Nx) of electronic detonators (10) including said stored delay category reference (Cx); and - emission (S57, S61) of a validation message (of a test if said current number (N'x) is equal to said number (Nx) of electronic detonators (10) including said delay category reference (Cx) stored for all delay categories, and of a non-validation message if said current number (N'x) is different from said number (Nx) of electronic detonators including said delay category reference (Cx) stored for at least one delay category.

13. Ignition method according to any one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that at the step of emitting a non-validation message (S61), the delay category or categories (Cf) whose current number (N'f) is different from said number (Nf) of electronic detonators (10) including said stored delay category reference (Cf) is or are identified.

14. Ignition method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that it further comprises the following steps: - selection (S58) of an association model (T) of each delay category (Cx) to a predefined delay according to a predetermined firing plan; and - programming (S59) of a firing delay in each detonator of said electronic detonator assembly (10) from said association pattern (T) and the delay category reference (Cx) stored in the storage means (11) of said detonator (10). 38 15. Mobile test device for implementing the installation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises: - means for receiving (21) a message sent by each detonator of said set of electronic detonators (10) loaded into mine holes; - means for determining (23) from said message sent by each detonator (10) a set of values ​​(V) representative of the total number (N) of electronic detonators (10) connected to said mobile test device (20); and - means for sending (22) to one or more detonators of said electronic detonator set (10), a data set (D) to be stored comprising said value set (V) representative of the total number (N) of electronic detonators (10) connected to said mobile test device (20).

16. Firing system for a set of electronic detonators (10) installed at the face (FZ) according to the installation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises a mobile test device (20) adapted to be connected to a bus line (L1), the electronic detonators (10) being connected to said bus line (L1), and a firing device (30) adapted to be connected remotely via a firing line (L2) to said bus line (L1).

17. Firing system according to claim 16, each detonator of said electronic detonator assembly (10) comprising means for storing (11) a delay category reference (Cx) selected from a predefined set of delay categories, characterized in that each delay category (Cx) is identified by a predefined combination of a numeric code (x) and a color code, said numeric code (x) being stored as a delay category reference (Cx) in said storage means (11) of each electronic detonator (10). 39 18. Firing system according to claim 17, characterized in that said numeric code (x) and said colour code of each predefined combination are visible on at least one location selected from a connection cable of said electronic detonator (10) or a connector of said electronic detonator to the bus line (L1).