Method for heating raw materials for processing into asphalt

Abstract

The present application relates to a method for heating raw materials for processing into asphalt, as well as to a suitable facility for this purpose. An objective of the invention is to provide a method for heating raw materials for processing into asphalt in which the emission of harmful substances into the environment is limited to a minimum.

Description

Brief description: Method for heating starting materials for processing into asphalt Description: The present application relates to a method for heating. of raw materials for processing into asphalt, as well as on a suitable facility Asphalt is a mixture of crushed stone, sand, and filler, held together by bitumen, namely a product derived from the petroleum industry. Filler, sand and bitumen and the other form the so-called mastic, where the mastic is the crushed stone. envelops and together with the choice of stone for the properties of the asphalt mixture ensures. After years of intensive use, the asphalt is due for replacement. The old asphalt is milled, after which it is transported to the asphalt plant and prepared for hot reuse. Methods for the reuse of asphalt are known in themselves. The American Patent US 4,096,588 relates to a process involving used asphalt Aggregate compositions are reused, comprising the grinding of the used asphalt aggregate compositions, separating the crushed composition into coarse particles and fine particles, introducing the coarse particles in a first rotating drum in which hot combustion gases are heated at an initial temperature provided, introducing the fine particles into a second rotating drum in which hot combustion gases are supplied at a second temperature, where the second temperature is lower than the first temperature, the gradual mixing and heating the coarse and fine particles and combining them. Dutch patent NL2035872 relates to a method for in in-situ cold recycling of old asphalt, whereby the old asphalt layer from an existing road is removed. is removed, after which the resulting milling product is mixed in situ, without supply of heat, with one or more of foam bitumen, water, very fine material such as dust, cement or similar, and an additive, such as a rejuvenating agent or a softening agent. From Dutch patent NL1005200 is a method for recycling used asphalt known, where the used asphalt is heated by means of steam to a temperature between 90 °C and 120 °C, whereby the heated asphalt between 1 and 3 wt.% cement as well as between 1 and 3 wt.% binder, such as bitumen emulsion is being added. From Dutch patent NL2025239 is a method for preparing a known asphalt composition, comprising a step of providing a first aggregate of recovered asphalt from fine and coarse aggregates, a step in heating the first granule, whereby the first granule is heated while passing through a screw conveyor, a step in the mixing of the hot first aggregate with the second aggregate of coarse aggregates and a bitumen containing binder material to finally obtain an asphalt composition. The U.S. patent application US 2012 / 170401 relates to hot asphalt mixing plants (HMA) used for road surfacing and on the use of recycled asphalt (RAP), where recycled asphalt in a preheater is heated to a temperature that exceeds the boiling point of water in the said preheater approaches, but does not exceed, and is directed to a mixer conducted. Such a mixer serves to provide direct heating of the preheated RAP to a temperature above the boiling point of water, whereby Heated oil supplies heat to the movable parts of the mixer. The accompanying The exhaust gases produced by the oil heater are discharged to an open plant. International application WO 2017 / 035670 relates to a method for the production of asphalt from a bulk material containing residual moisture and bitumen, whereby Superheated steam is applied to the bulk material to remove the remaining moisture in to reduce the bulk material and subsequently mixing the bulk material with reduced residual moisture with bitumen to obtain asphalt. Bulk material is a mineral of which the residual moisture content has been reduced, namely to less than 10%. Superheated steam is thereby placed in a drying chamber where the superheated steam in countercurrent, opposite to the direction of transport, in the drying chamber is introduced. The application of superheated steam and the associated temperatures will lead to substantial emissions of harmful substances. U.S. patent US 4,868,999 relates to a method for asphalt available whereby recycled asphalt granulate (RAP) is fed into a hopper and then via a conveyor belt to an air dryer with recirculating air airflow transported. After the RAP has been heated in the air dryer, it becomes led to a conveyor belt. Unprocessed rock is also led to a conveyor belt. guided. The conveyor belt carries the rock to a rotating drum heater. after which the heated rock ends up in a mixing station. The hot RAP and The hot rocks are then combined and transferred to a mixing drum. fed, which thoroughly mixes the RAP and the rock. U.S. patent US 10 080 987 shows that coarse RAP with a conveyor belt to the front section of a dryer is transported. The Coarsely ground rapeseed then goes from the dryer to a mixing mill, where this is combined with RAP particulate matter and additional asphalt and rejuvenating agent in the required quantities. The mixed material is then removed from the Mixing mill transported to silos for storage or distribution. The hot gas emissions those released during the process are subsequently filtered by a cyclone separator to remove dust particles and oil residues. U.S. Patent US 4 856 202 relates to an apparatus for the removal of moisture from recycled asphalt (RAP), comprising a belt conveyor for transporting a layer of RAP while the moisture in it is removed, an air dryer with a number of staggered air injection tubes are placed in the direction of travel of the tire, with the tubes above the tire positioned to blow heated air down onto the RAP layer, means to heat the air used in the air dryer, means to heated air to blow through the tubes at a speed sufficient to the RAP directly under to remove the tubes from the belt and move the RAP sideways back and forth over the to push the conveyor belt while the belt transports the layer of RAP under the pipes. From the technologies discussed above, it is clear that those same asphalt production is often accompanied by large emissions of harmful components, including polyaromatic hydrocarbon compounds (also referred to as PAHs), benzene, particulate matter, odor, water vapor, CO and NO . A part of these 2 x emissions are attributable to the heating of recycled asphalt since there in the heating process old bitumen is heated and (depending on the applied technique) is also partially burned. The heating of the minerals usually takes place via direct or indirect combustion of natural gas in a rotating drum, where via radiation from the flame and convection via hot air heat transfer to the minerals takes place. The exhaust gases are filtered out of the drum and discharged into the environment via the chimney. Strict national and European environmental emission standards apply to such emissions. It is known that various filter techniques exist that detect particulate matter, PAHs, benzene and odorants can be captured to below standard values. In practice however, there will always be a certain residual stream that, among other things, contains water vapor, odor, particulate matter, PAHs, CO and NO. The consequence of this is that there is a 2 x there will be a certain degree of nuisance to the surrounding area. There is also a risk that the applicable environmental emission limits are exceeded, in particular the emission of PAHs, benzene and NO, whereby the former are in violation of the X limits set in this regard in the Decree on Activities in the Living Environments. The The latter is limited by nature permits. There will also be at the production site a cloud of steam at the chimney visible to local residents be, which is perceived as undesirable. One goal of the invention is to provide a method for heating. of raw materials for processing into asphalt where the emission of harmful substances released into the environment are limited to a minimum. Another purpose of the invention is to provide a method for the heating of raw materials for processing into asphalt using made from sustainable energy sources. Another purpose of the invention is to provide a method for the heating of raw materials for processing into asphalt in accordance with efficient manner in which use is made of the available energy sources resulting in a decrease in energy demand. The present invention thus relates to a process for the heating of raw materials for processing into asphalt, whereby the method the the following steps include: - Providing a flow of dry asphalt granules, - Providing a stream of dry minerals, - Heating the stream of dry asphalt granules and the stream of dry minerals up to a temperature in the range of 100-250 °C, - Mixing the heated asphalt granules and the heated minerals with bitumen and any fillers to obtain asphalt. The inventors present have found that with such a method one or more objectives are met. Subject to the application of the aforementioned starting materials for obtaining asphalt take place in such a way place that the formation and emission into the atmosphere of harmful substances belonging to the group of NO, PAHs, CO2, odor and particulate matter, is limited to a minimum. By X to assume output flows that are to be considered dry, namely output streams with a high dry matter content, it has proven possible a to apply heating without emissions into the atmosphere. In fact, the method in question applies to a virtually closed system. It is also it is possible with the present method to the heating system under to implement the use of sustainable fuels and thereby CO emissions 2 and to eliminate NO. Moreover, the closed system ensures an improvement of X the efficiency whereby energy demand will decrease compared to systems involving heating by means of natural gas and output flows with a high moisture content that are heated, causing significantly large vapor flows be formed. By starting from dry asphalt granules and dry minerals, will during the heating step thereof, the formation of water vapor virtually does not occur. which applies not only from an emission perspective but also from an energy perspective is favorable. The heating in the present method is carried out in such a way that the formation and emission into the atmosphere of harmful substances belonging to the group of NOx, PAHs, CO, odor and particulate matter, is limited to a minimum. 2 In an example of the present method, heating is performed under application of indirect heating carried out. Such a method of heating ensures that no emission occurs of components that are in the to be heated output streams are present, namely the asphalt granulate stream and the stream minerals. The heating process according to the present method is such that adjusted so that no gaseous material is released, namely no water vapor by drying and no NO, PAHs, CO, or water vapor from combustion. x 2 By supplying the incoming mass flows completely dry, a situation arises at the heating no water vapor. In heating processes according to the state of the technique, for the incoming mass flows there is a moisture content of about 2-5 wt.%, the amount of moisture that must be evaporated to reach a dry matter come. According to the present method, it is possible to perform a 'pre-drying' in a to perform a separate process step, whereby such pre-drying at a lower temperature than the final heating is carried out so that also with the Pre-drying ensures that no NO, PAHs, or CO are released. By simultaneously heating, no further x 2 by means of the combustion of fossil fuels, such as natural gas, in the to allow the combustion unit to take place, but under the application of, for example, Heat pumps and electric heaters will also have no combustion gases in that step. release and the emission thereof into the atmosphere will have decreased. If there if PAHs are nevertheless formed during the heating of asphalt granules, then such components are captured via filters. This results in a heating process. without the release of gaseous substances. So there is no longer a chimney. necessary. In an example of the present method, the stream of asphalt granulate possesses a dry matter content of at least 99 wt.% and in particular preferably at least 99.9 wt.%, based on the weight of the asphalt aggregate. The application of such high dry matter content makes it possible that when heating the flow dry asphalt granules to a temperature in the range of 100-250 °C no energy is lost in the evaporation of the remaining moisture and that the the vapor flow formed is thereby limited to a minimum. In an example of the present method, the stream of minerals possesses a dry matter content of at least 99 wt.% and in particular preferably at least 99.9 wt.%, based on the weight of the minerals. Here too, the application of such high dry matter content it has become possible that when heating the flow of dry minerals to a temperature in the range of 100-250 °C there are no energy is lost in the evaporation of the remaining moisture and that the the vapor flow formed is thereby limited to a minimum. In an example of the present method, the heating of the flow of asphalt granules and the heating of the stream of minerals in separate heating units, for example in rotary drum ovens, executed. Such ovens are robust and have proven themselves to be efficient heating units in which solid starting materials are to be heated. In an example of the present method, the from the heating unit, in which the heating of the stream of asphalt granules takes place, the entering gas stream is led through a dust filter. In this way, a possible emission of prevent small particles from entering the atmosphere. In an example of the present method, the from the dust filter is exiting gas flow led back to the heating unit in which the heating of the flow of asphalt granulate takes place, in particular that a part of the from the The gas stream entering the dust filter is discharged to the atmosphere. In doing so, it must be noted that the procedure in fact takes place according to a closed system but in In practice, a certain amount of air will pass through the dust filter to the atmosphere. be discharged and that quantity will be supplemented with a certain amount of fresh air. The part that, as the gas stream exiting the dust filter to The amount of atmospheric discharge is, however, minimal. In an example of the present method, the from the dust filter is entering gas stream heated before being returned to the heating unit in which the flow of asphalt granules is heated. By applying such heating, it is prevented that in the excessive temperature fluctuations occur in the heating unit. In an example of the method at hand, the direction towards the atmosphere is to carry gas stream led through an activated carbon filter such an additional process step serves to capture the remaining harmful components, in the special fragrance components. In an example of the present method, the from the heating unit, in which the heating of the stream of minerals takes place, the escaping gas stream is led through a dust filter to remove the remaining small to capture components. In an example of the present method, the from the dust filter is exiting gas flow led back to the heating unit in which the heating of the flow of minerals takes place, in particular that a part of the from the dust filter The escaping gas stream to the atmosphere is discharged. In doing so, it must be noted that the procedure in fact takes place according to a closed system but in in practice, a certain amount of air will still pass through the activated carbon filter be discharged into the atmosphere and that amount will be replenished with a certain amount of fresh air. The part that comes out of the activated carbon filter The amount of gas flowing into the atmosphere that is discharged is, however, small. In an example of the present method, the from the dust filter is entering gas stream heated before being returned to the heating unit in which the heating of the stream of minerals takes place. Under application of such heating prevents that in the excessive temperature fluctuations occur in the heating unit. In an example of the method at hand, the direction towards the atmosphere is to carry gas stream led through an activated carbon filter such an additional process step serves to remove any harmful components that may still be present capture, in particular odor components and PAHs. In an example of the present method, both the gas stream is derived obtained by heating the minerals as the gas stream originating obtained by heating the asphalt granulate by a common dust filter guided. In an example of the present method, the gas flow originates led from the common dust filter through an activated carbon filter to the to capture any harmful components that may still be present, in particular odor components and PAHs. In an example of the method at hand, heating is done via indirect Heating implemented using heat pumps and / or electricity controlled heating units. Such a method of heating is from desirable from an environmental point of view and prevents the emission of harmful components. In an example of the present method, for obtaining the stream of asphalt granulate with a dry matter content as described above a wet stream asphalt granules dried at a temperature lower than the temperature applied when subsequently heating the stream of asphalt granules. In an example of the present method, for obtaining the stream of minerals with a dry matter content as described above a wet stream of minerals dried at a temperature lower than the temperature applied to the subsequent heating of the stream of minerals. The present invention thus relates to the processing of raw materials for asphalt, in particular the pre-drying thereof so that the raw materials virtually be moisture-free before being subjected to the heating phase, the heating of the dry raw materials by means of convection via heat pumps and possibly electric heaters to a final temperature ranging between 100-250 °C, the recirculating the hot air and filtering particulate matter and capturing released particles PAHs, in the situation of processing recycled asphalt, the re-processing via a heat pump and, where necessary, supplementary electric heating and finally the further processing of the hot materials in an asphalt mixing plant to asphalt obtain. In this case, it is also possible that ventilation – or make-up air, possibly released via the input and output system of the starting materials, via active Filter techniques are cleaned before such air leaves the installation again. The present invention will be further explained by means of a figure. explained, noting that such a figure description only as explanation is required. The enclosed figure schematically shows the procedure for heating raw materials for processing into asphalt according to the present invention. The device 1 shown in the figure for heating starting materials for processing into asphalt comprises two sub-steps 30 and 31, where substep 30 relates to a pre-drying step and substep 31 on a heating step. Substep 30 includes a pre-drying step where the Pre-drying can be carried out at a low temperature, for example a temperature in the range of 30-50°C, for such a period that it target dry matter content is achieved. The pre-drying according to sub-step 30 includes, for example, drying process 21, where asphalt granulate 3 in a wet state, for example with a moisture percentage of approximately 5 wt.%, dried with an energy input of 2 to obtain of a stream of dry asphalt granulate 6. The stream of asphalt granulate 6 possesses, for example, a dry matter content of at least 99 wt.%, preferably at least 99.9 wt.%, based on the weight of the asphalt aggregate. Pre-drying according to sub-step 30 also includes another drying process 21, where minerals 4 in a wet state under energy supply 2 is dried to obtain a stream of dry minerals 7. The mineral stream 6, for example, has a dry matter content of at least 99 wt.%, preferably at least 99.9 wt.%, based on the weight of the minerals During drying process 21, a water vapor stream 5 is generated that flows into the atmosphere. is discharged. It is also possible that water vapor flow 5 is condensed, whereby the condensed vapor can be reused. It is therefore desirable that to substep 31, namely a heating step, dry starting materials are offered, namely a stream of dry asphalt granulate 6 and a stream of dry minerals 7. The flow of dry asphalt granules 6 is fed to a heating unit 22 fed, for example into a so-called black drum, and heated there to a temperature in the range of 100-250 °C. Furthermore, at heating unit 22, supply of energy 2 and air 8 place. In heating unit 22, a flow of heated asphalt granulate 9 which is led to mixer 27. In heating unit 22, airflow 14 is supplied to dust filter 23. From dust filter 23 enters airflow 19 which is redirected as airflow 16 to heating unit 22. It is therefore clear that we are dealing with a virtually closed system here. Air circulation, namely between heating unit 22 and dust filter 23. A part of the air exiting dust filter 23 17 is passed through a filter 24 of activated carbon to discharged into the atmosphere as stream 29. The flow of dry minerals 7 is fed to a heating unit 25 fed, for example into a so-called white drum, and heated there to a temperature in the range of 100-250 °C. Furthermore, at heating unit 25, supply of energy 2 and air 8 place. In heating unit 25, a flow of heated minerals 10 which is led to mixer 27. In heating unit 25 airflow 15 is supplied to dust filter 23. Airflow exits dust filter 23 19 which is returned as airflow 12 to heating unit 25. It is therefore it is clear that there is a virtually closed loop of air here, namely between heating unit 25 and dust filter 23. A part of the from dust filter 23 entering air 17 is passed through an activated carbon filter 24 to the atmosphere as current 29 discharged. In the figure, a common dust filter 23 is shown, but it is in certain versions also allow for separate dust filters (not shown) to apply. It is also possible to apply recirculated air 12 and to heat recirculating air 16 before returning to respectively heating unit 25 and heating unit 22 takes place. Bitumen 11 are being used under the application of energy 2 in heating unit 26 heated whereby a heated bitumen stream 12 is obtained which goes to the mixer 27 is fed. One or more additives may be added to bitumen stream 12 and bitumen 11. (not shown) are added. Excipients is the collective name for substances which are added to asphalt mixtures to improve the properties of bitumen and to improve asphalt, for example adhesion promoters, which improve the adhesion between bitumen and improve mineral aggregate and drip inhibitors, which the viscosity of the increase bitumen. The effect of these substances is primarily to increase the lifespan. In mixer 27, 9 minerals and minerals are formed from asphalt granules. bitumen flow 12 the desired asphalt 13. According to such a process, no emission site of components present in the output streams to be heated are, namely the stream of asphalt granules and the stream of minerals. The process of heating according to the present method has been modified in such a way that there is no gaseous material is released, namely no water vapor from drying and no NO , X PAHs, CO and water vapor from combustion. 2

Claims

1. Method for heating raw materials for processing into asphalt, where the method includes the following steps: - Providing a flow of dry asphalt granules, - Providing a stream of dry minerals, - Heating the stream of dry asphalt granules and the stream of dry minerals up to a temperature in the range of 100-250 °C, - Mixing the heated asphalt granules and the heated minerals with bitumen and any fillers to obtain asphalt.

2. Method in accordance with claim 1, whereby heating is carried out using indirect heating is being carried out.

3. Method according to one or more of claims 1-2, where the flow asphalt granules a dry matter content of at least 99 wt.%, preferably at possesses at least 99.9 wt.%, based on the weight of the asphalt aggregate.

4. Method according to one or more of claims 1-3, where the flow minerals a dry matter content of at least 99 wt.%, preferably at least possesses 99.9 wt.%, based on the weight of the minerals.

5. Method in accordance with one or more of claims 1-4, involving the heating of the stream of asphalt granules and the heating of the stream of minerals in separate heating units, for example in rotary drum ovens, are implemented.

6. Method in accordance with claim 5, whereby the from the heating unit, in which the heating of the stream of asphalt granules takes place, gas stream passing through a The dust filter is guided.

7. Method according to conclusion 6, whereby the gas stream exiting the dust filter is fed back to the heating unit where the heating of the flow takes place asphalt granules take place, in particular that a part of the from the dust filter the escaping gas stream is discharged into the atmosphere.

8. Method according to conclusion 7, whereby the gas stream exiting the dust filter is heated before being returned to the heating unit in which it heating of the stream of asphalt granules takes place.

9. Method in accordance with conclusion 7, whereby the to be discharged into the atmosphere gas stream is passed through an activated carbon filter.

10. Method in accordance with claim 5, whereby the from the heating unit, in which the heating of the stream of minerals takes place, gas stream passing through a The dust filter is guided.

11. Method according to claim 10, whereby the gas stream exiting the dust filter is fed back to the heating unit where the heating of the flow takes place minerals takes place, in particular that a part of the particles exiting the dust filter gas flow is discharged into the atmosphere.

12. Method according to claim 11, whereby the gas stream exiting the dust filter is heated before being returned to the heating unit in which it heating of the stream of minerals takes place.

13. Method in accordance with claim 11, whereby the to be discharged into the atmosphere gas stream is passed through an activated carbon filter.

14. Method according to one or more of claims 1-13, where the gas stream, which is obtained by heating the minerals, and the gas stream, which is obtained by the heating of the asphalt granules, are passed through a common dust filter guided.

15. Method according to claim 14, whereby the gas stream originating from the The common dust filter is passed through an activated carbon filter before emission thereof into the atmosphere takes place.

16. Method in accordance with one or more of claims 1-15, whereby heating via indirect heating is carried out using heat pumps and / or electrically controlled heating units.

17. Method in accordance with one or more of claims 1-16, whereby for the purpose of obtaining of the asphalt granulate stream with a dry matter content as described in conclusion 3 a wet stream of asphalt granules is dried at a temperature that is lower than the temperature applied to subsequently heating the current asphalt granules.

18. Method in accordance with one or more of claims 1-16, whereby for the purpose of obtaining of the stream of minerals with a dry matter content as described in claim 4 a wet stream of minerals is dried at a temperature lower than the temperature applied when subsequently heating the stream of minerals. PORT CONCERNING RESEARCH INTO THE STATE OF THE ART Patent application 2038764 1 1 classification of the subject : Investigated areas of technology : L95 / 00; E01C7 / 18; E01C19 / 05 C08L; E01C PC files: Scope of the investigation: -PATENTS; AbS-NPL Fully um of the investigated conclusions: Uninvestigated conclusions: October 2024 - Relevant literature 2 Citation of literature with indication, where necessary, of relevance to gory conclusion(s) of text passages or figures of particular importance X WO 2017 / 035670 A1 (ESPRIA GMBH) March 9, 2017 1-18 * page 5, lines 12-15; page 5, line 27 – page 6, line 4; page 9, lines 1-4; page 13, lines 12-14; page 14, lines 26-29; page 15, lines 1-3; page 15, line 16 - page 16, line 8; page 19, line 21 – page 20, line 3; page 22, lines 8-20; conclusions 1-4, 9, 11, 16 * – – – – – Date on which the investigation was completed: The competent official: June 2025 Dr. R. Boers Netherlands Patent Office part of the Netherlands Enterprise Agency See explanation on the next page. direction: welding areas of engineering: defined according to International Patent Classification (IPC). Generosity of the cited literature: p state of T being of particular importance in itself: literature on theory or not published in time the technical principle underlying the invention in conjunction with other cited literature E: patent literature published on or after the filing a state of the art of particular importance date of the present application and of which the submission date or the priority date is before the something of importance belonging to category X or Y submission date of the present application being state of the art D: mentioned in the application referring to an unrecorded state of affairs e technique L: literature mentioned for other reasons literature published between priority and &: member of the same patent family; corresponding literature submission date APPENDIX Accompanying the Report on the State of the Art Survey Patent application 2038764 The appendix contains a list of patent applications or patents published elsewhere (so-called and of the same patent family), which correspond to patent specifications mentioned in the report. The statement has been compiled based on data from the computer file of the European insurance agency as of June 20, 2025. The accuracy and completeness of this statement are neither guaranteed by the European Patent Office, nor guaranteed by the Netherlands Patent Office; the data are Provided for informational purposes. In the report mentioned Date of Corresponding Date of patent specification publication of patent specifications publication WO 2017035670 A8 20-04-2017 EP 3344816 A1 11-07-2018 EP 3344816 B1 18-12-2019 WRITTEN OPINION Patent application 2038764 Opening date: Priority date: October 2024 - 1 Applicant: classification of the subject : 8L95 / 00; E01C7 / 18; E01C19 / 05 Dura Vermeer Infra Regionale Projecten BV The written opinion contains an explanation of the following sections: Part I Basis of the written opinion Part II Priority Part III Determination of novelty, inventiveness and industrial applicability not possible Part IV The application relates to more than one invention Part V Reasoned statement regarding novelty, inventiveness and industrial applicability Part VI Other cited documents Part VII Other defects Other comments Part VIII The competent official: Dr. R. Boers Netherlands Patent Office part of the Netherlands Enterprise Agency Defined according to International Patent Classification (IPC). Written Opinion Patent application 2038764 Part I Basis of the written opinion The written opinion was prepared on the basis of the conclusions submitted on 3 October 2024. Part V Reasoned statement regarding novelty and inventiveness and industrial applicability Declaration Yourself Yes: conclusion(s) 5-18 No: conclusion(s) 1-4 ventivity Yes: conclusion(s) - No: conclusion(s) 5-18 Industrial applicability Yes: conclusion(s) 1-18 No: conclusion(s) - Literature and commentary The report concerning the state of the art study will be the next publication. names: 1: WO 2017 / 035670 A1 (ESPRIA GMBH) March 9, 2017 Conclusion 1 concerns the concept of "dry," a relative term. The term dry is therefore broad. interpreted. Also flows of starting materials with 2-5 wt.% moisture content (see page 4, lines -27 of the application) are, contrary to what is stated in the application, normally performed by the professional view as dry streams. The methodology of conclusion 1 is no different with this broad interpretation. an the generally known method for obtaining partially recycled “hot mix” or "low mix" asphalt in which, as is customary, no wet starting materials are used during the ngen with the bitumen. discloses a method for heating starting materials, such as minerals mineralisches Schüttgut”), for processing with bitumen into asphalt (see conclusions 1 and 2). The feed materials with a dry matter content of more than 90 wt.% (see conclusion 3) are dried to a dry matter content of preferably more than 99% or even more than 99.5% estfeuchte kleiner als 1%, besonders bevorzugt kleiner als 0,5%”; see conclusion 4) with overheated from 100-350 °C (see conclusion 9). The starting materials themselves are simultaneously heated to an ideal further processing temperature for processing into asphalt of more than 140 °C, at orkeur 150-170 °C (“ideale Weiter-verarbeitungstemperatur für die Herstellung desphalts”; see page 14, lines 26-29; conclusion 11) or 260 °C for cast asphalt (see page 15, lines 1-3).

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