Crystalline form i of melanocortin receptor agonist compound, and method for preparing same

Abstract

The present invention relates to crystalline form I of a compound represented by chemical formula 1, a method for preparing same, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising same. Crystalline form I of the compound represented by chemical formula 1 of the present invention may be characterized by an XRD pattern, a DSC profile, and / or a TGA profile.

Description

Crystalline Form I of a Melanocortin Receptor Agonist Compound and a Method for Preparing the Same

[0001] Cross-citation with related applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit of priority from Korean Patent Application No. 10-2020-0142396, filed October 29, 2020, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0003] Technology field

[0004] The present invention relates to a crystalline form I of a novel compound exhibiting excellent agonistic activity against melanocortin receptors, a method for preparing the same, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the same.

[0005] Leptin protein is a hormone secreted by body fat cells (adipocytes). The amount secreted increases as body fat content increases, and it regulates various body functions including appetite, body fat content, and energy metabolism by regulating the functions of various neuropeptides produced in the hypothalamus (Schwartz, et al., Nature 404, 661-671 (2000)). The signaling of appetite and body weight control by leptin protein is achieved through the regulation of many downstream factors, the most representative of which are melanocortin, AgRP (agoutirelated peptide), and neuropeptide Y (NPY) hormones.

[0006] When blood leptin levels increase due to calorie excess in the body, the secretion of the protein hormone proopiomelanocortin (POMC) from the pituitary gland increases and the production of AgRP and NPY decreases. The small peptide hormone alpha-MSH (melanocyte stimulating hormone) is produced from POMC neurons, which acts as an agonist of the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) on second-order neurons and ultimately induces appetite reduction. Conversely, when leptin levels decrease due to calorie deprivation, the expression of AgRP, an MC4R antagonist, increases and the expression of NPY also increases, ultimately increasing appetite. In other words, depending on the changes in leptin, alpha-MSH and AgRP hormones participate in appetite regulation by acting as agonists and antagonists on MC4R.

[0007] Alpha-MSH hormone binds to three MCR subtypes in addition to MC4R, inducing various physiological responses. Five MCR subtypes have been identified to date, of which MC1R is mainly expressed in skin cells and is involved in melanin pigmentation regulation, MC2R is mainly expressed in the adrenal gland and is known to be involved in the production of glucocorticoid hormones, and its only ligand is adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) derived from POMC. MC3R and MC4R, which are mainly expressed in the central nervous system, are involved in the regulation of appetite, energy metabolism, and body fat storage efficiency, and MC5R, which is expressed in various tissues, is known to regulate exocrine function (Wikberg, et al., Pharm Res 42 (5) 393-420 (2000)). In particular, activation of the MC4R receptor has been proven to be a key factor in the development of anti-obesity drugs because it effectively reduces body weight by inducing a decrease in appetite and an increase in energy metabolism (Review: Wikberg, Eur. J. Pharmacol 375, 295-310 (1999)); Wikberg, et al., Pharm Res 42 (5) 393-420 (2000); Douglas et al., Eur J Pharm 450, 93-109 (2002); O'Rahilly et al., Nature Med 10, 351-352 (2004)).

[0008] The role of MC4R in appetite and body weight regulation was initially demonstrated through experiments with an animal model overexpressing agouti protein (agouti mouse). In the Agouti mouse, a genetic mutation resulted in high levels of agouti protein in the central nervous system, and it was found that agouti protein acts as an antagonist of MC4R in the hypothalamus, thereby inducing obesity (Yen, TT et al., FASEB J. 8, 479-488 (1994); Lu D., et al. Nature 371, 799-802 (1994)). Subsequent research results showed that AgRP (agouti-related peptide), which is similar to actual agouti protein, is expressed in hypothalamic neurons, and it is known that these are also involved in appetite control as antagonists of MC4R (Shutter, et al., Genes Dev., 11, 593-602 (1997); Ollman, et al. Science 278, 135-138 (1997)).

[0009] When alpha-MSH, an MC4R agonist in vivo, is administered intracerebral to animals, it has an appetite-reducing effect, and when treated with MC4R antagonists SHU9119 (peptide) or HS014 (peptide), it was observed that appetite was increased again (Kask et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 245, 90-93 (1998)). In addition, in animal tests using Melanotan II (MTII, Ac-Nle-c[Asp-His-DPhe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-NH2) and its similar agonist HP228, appetite suppression, body weight loss, and increased energy metabolism were confirmed after intracerebral, intraperitoneal, or subcutaneous administration. (Thiele TE, et al. Am J Physiol 274 (1 Pt 2), R248-54 (1998); Lee MD, et al. FASEB J 12, A552 (1998); Murphy B., et al. J Appl Physiol 89, 273-82 (2000)). In contrast, administration of the representative SHU9119 to animals resulted in a significant and sustained increase in food intake and body weight, providing pharmacological evidence that MCR agonists can be anti-obesity agents. The anorexic effect that was evident with MTII administration was not observed in MC4R KO (knock-out) mice, further demonstrating that the anorexic effect was primarily mediated through MC4R activation (Marsh, et al., Nat Genet 21, 119-122 (1999)).

[0010] To date, the majority of obesity treatments developed are appetite suppressants that act on the central nervous system, most of which modulate the action of neurotransmitters. Examples include noradrenaline agents (phentermine and mazindol) and serotonergic agents such as fluoxetine and sibutramine. However, neurotransmitter modulators exert a wide range of physiological effects beyond appetite suppression through numerous subtypes of receptors. Therefore, these modulators lack selectivity for each subtype, leading to various side effects with long-term administration.

[0011] On the other hand, melanocortin agonists are neuropeptides, not neurotransmitters, and have the advantage of being able to induce weight loss through appetite suppression without affecting other physiological functions, given that all functions other than energy metabolism are normal in MC4R gene KO mice. In particular, the receptor is a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), which belongs to the most successful category of new drug agonists developed to date, and it is relatively easy to secure selectivity for the subtype receptor, which is a major difference from existing agonists.

[0012] As examples of utilizing these melanocortin receptors as a point of action, International Publication Nos. WO 2008 / 007930 and WO 2010 / 056022 disclose compounds as agonists of melanocortin receptors.

[0013] In addition, the inventors of the present invention have repeatedly conducted research and invented a novel compound of the following chemical formula 1 having excellent selective agonistic activity against melanocortin receptors, particularly melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R), and a method for producing the same (Application No. 10-2019-0141649 (filed on November 7, 2019)).

[0014] [Chemical Formula 1]

[0015] (R1 is C2-C5 alkyl.)

[0016] Meanwhile, the crystal structure of a pharmaceutically active ingredient often affects its chemical stability. Different crystallization and storage conditions can alter the compound's crystal structure, sometimes resulting in the concomitant production of different crystalline forms. Amorphous drug products typically lack a regular crystal structure and often suffer from other defects, such as poor product stability, smaller particle size, difficult filtration, easy aggregation, and poor flowability. Therefore, there is a need to improve various physical properties of the product. Therefore, there is a need to study the crystal structure of a compound with high purity and good chemical stability.

[0017] [Prior Art Literature]

[0018] [Patent Document]

[0019] (Patent Document 1) International Patent Application Publication No. WO 2008 / 007930

[0020] (Patent Document 2) International Patent Application Publication No. WO 2010 / 056022

[0021] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a stable crystalline form of a novel compound having excellent selective agonistic activity against melanocortin receptors, particularly melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R), and a method for preparing the same.

[0022] Another object of the present invention is to provide a pharmaceutical composition comprising a stable crystalline form of the novel compound.

[0023] To achieve the above purpose,

[0024] In one aspect, the present invention provides a crystalline form I of a compound of the following chemical formula 1, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate thereof,

[0025] The following diffraction angles (2θ values) in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern: 7.19±0.2°, 9.58±0.2°, 10.87±0.2°, 12.50±0.2°, 14.73±0.2°, 17.38±0.2°, 18.22±0.2°, 18.59±0.2°, 19.03±0.2°, 20.61±0.2°, 21.14±0.2°, 21.82±0.2°, 22.42±0.2°, 23.18±0.2°, 24.15±0.2°, 24.92±0.2°, 25.55±0.2°, 27.04±0.2°, 28.75±0.2° and Provided is a crystalline form I having at least 3, at least 5, at least 7, at least 9, or at least 10 characteristic peaks selected from 29.85±0.2°.

[0026] [Chemical Formula 1]

[0027]

[0028] In the above chemical formula 1,

[0029] R1 is C2-C5 alkyl.

[0030]

[0031] The compound of the above chemical formula 1 may have an asymmetric carbon center and an asymmetric axis or asymmetric plane, and therefore may exist as cis or trans isomers, R or S isomers, racemates, diastereomeric mixtures, and individual diastereoisomers, and all of these isomers and mixtures are included in the scope of the compound of the above chemical formula 1.

[0032] Unless otherwise specified herein for convenience, the compound of formula 1 is used to mean the compound of formula 1, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, isomers thereof, and solvates thereof.

[0033] In one specific embodiment according to the present invention, R1 of the formula 1 is C2 to C5 alkyl. In another specific embodiment according to the present invention, R1 of the formula 1 is straight-chain or branched C2 to C5 alkyl, for example, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, iso-butyl, sec-butyl or tert-butyl.

[0034] In another specific embodiment according to the present invention, R1 of the formula 1 is C2 or C3 alkyl. In another specific embodiment according to the present invention, R1 of the formula 1 is straight-chain or branched C2 or C3 alkyl, for example, ethyl, n-propyl or iso-propyl.

[0035] In one specific embodiment according to the present invention, the pharmaceutically acceptable salt includes, but is not limited to, acid addition salts formed by inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, etc.; organic carboxylic acids such as tartaric acid, formic acid, citric acid, acetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, gluconic acid, benzoic acid, lactic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, etc.; sulfonic acids such as methanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, or naphthalenesulfonic acid, etc.

[0036] In one specific embodiment according to the present invention, the solvate may include a hydrate; a solvate with an organic solvent such as methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, n-butanol, 1,4-butanediol, tert-butanol, acetic acid, acetone, butyl acetate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, t-butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, 2-pentanone, tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, chloroform, toluene, and mixtures thereof.

[0037] In one specific embodiment according to the present invention, the crystalline form I may be a crystalline form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of formula 1.

[0038] A pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of the above chemical formula 1 may be a hydrochloride compound of the following chemical formula 2.

[0039] [Chemical Formula 2]

[0040]

[0041] In the above chemical formula 2, R2 is C2-C5 alkyl.

[0042] In another specific example according to the present invention, the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of formula 1 may be N-((3S,5S)-1-((3S,4R)-1-(tert-butyl)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrrolidine-3-carbonyl)-5-(morpholine-4-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)-N-((1s,4R)-4-methylcyclohexyl)isobutyramide hydrochloride of formula 3 below.

[0043] [Chemical Formula 3]

[0044]

[0045]

[0046] In another specific embodiment according to the present invention, the crystalline form I may be a crystalline form of a solvate, specifically a hydrate, of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of formula 1.

[0047] More specifically, the above crystal form I may be a crystal form of a hydrate of the hydrochloride of the compound of chemical formula 1.

[0048] In one specific example according to the present invention, the crystal form I may be a crystal form of a compound represented by the following chemical formula 4.

[0049] [Chemical Formula 4]

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] Crystalline Form I according to the present invention, when analyzed by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), has the following crystalline phases: 7.19±0.2°, 9.58±0.2°, 10.87±0.2°, 12.50±0.2°, 14.73±0.2°, 17.38±0.2°, 18.22±0.2°, 18.59±0.2°, 19.03±0.2°, 20.61±0.2°, 21.14±0.2°, 21.82±0.2°, 22.42±0.2°, 23.18±0.2°, 24.15±0.2°, 24.92±0.2°, 25.55±0.2°, 27.04±0.2°, It exhibits three or more, five or more, seven or more, nine or more, or ten or more characteristic peaks selected from 28.75±0.2° and 29.85±0.2°.

[0053] In one specific example according to the present invention, the crystalline form I may have an XRD pattern as shown in FIG. 4.

[0054] In the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) profile of the crystal form I according to the present invention, an endothermic peak appears at 30 to 140°C, and an endothermic peak due to decomposition appears at 220°C or higher.

[0055] In one specific example according to the present invention, the crystalline form I may have a DSC profile as shown in FIG. 5.

[0056] The crystalline form I according to the present invention may have a weight loss of 20% or less, for example, 1% to 20%, 5% to 18%, 10% to 17%, 13% to 16% or 15%, when heated to a temperature of 140°C or less in a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) profile.

[0057] In one specific example according to the present invention, the crystalline form I may have a TGA profile as shown in FIG. 6.

[0058] The crystal form I according to the present invention showed chemical stability for 4 weeks under accelerated conditions (40°C, 75% RH) and harsh conditions (80°C) as a result of stability test (HPLC), and thus it can be seen that it is a crystal form that is stable to heat and humidity.

[0059] In this specification,

[0060] X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed using a PANalytical X' Pert Pro MPD system, Malvern Panalytical Ltd.

[0061] Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis was performed using a DSC1, Mettler-Toledo AG.

[0062] Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed using a TGA / DSC 1, Mettler-Toledo AG.

[0063] Stability analysis was performed using HPLC, Agilent Technologies, Inc.

[0064]

[0065] The above crystalline form I may have a higher purity than the crude compound of formula 1, the amorphous compound of formula 1, or other crystalline forms of the compound of formula 1, and may be more physically and chemically stable.

[0066] In addition, the crystalline form I of the compound of the above chemical formula 1 may have a more excellent anti-melanocortin-4 receptor agonist ability than known melanocortin-4 receptor agonists and a preventive or therapeutic effect on diseases such as obesity, diabetes, inflammation, and erectile dysfunction, but the effect of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0067]

[0068] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing crystalline Form I, comprising the steps of preparing a mixed solution by dissolving the compound of the above formula 1 in a crystallization solvent, adding an acid dropwise to the mixed solution, and obtaining a crystal from the mixed solution to which the acid has been added dropwise.

[0069] First, the compound represented by the above chemical formula 1 is dissolved in a crystallization solvent.

[0070] For the production of the above crystal form I, the compound of the above formula 1 may be the compound of the above formula 1, a salt thereof, an isomer thereof, or a solvate thereof.

[0071] The compound of the above chemical formula 1 may be obtained by the manufacturing method described in the specification of application number 10-2019-0141649 (filed on November 7, 2019).

[0072] The above crystallization solvent may be used without particular limitation as long as it is an appropriate solvent for crystallizing the compound. In one specific example, the crystallization solvent comprises a mixture of water and a polar aprotic organic solvent.

[0073] The polar aprotic organic solvent may include ethyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, dimethylsulfoxide, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, or a mixture thereof.

[0074] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the polar aprotic organic solvent may include ethyl acetate.

[0075] In one specific example according to the present invention, the crystallization solvent may be a mixed solvent in which water and a polar aprotic organic solvent are mixed in a volume ratio of 15:1 to 1:15, and specifically, may be a mixed solvent in which water and a polar aprotic organic solvent are mixed in a volume ratio of 10:1 to 1:10, 8:1 to 1:8, 6:1 to 1:6, 4:1 to 1:4, 2:1 to 1:2, 1:1 to 1:10, 1:3 to 1:8, 1:5 to 1:7, 1:6.5 to 1:6.8, or 1:6.7.

[0076] For 1 g of the compound of the above chemical formula 1, the crystallization solvent may be used in an amount of 0.5 to 10 mL, 0.5 to 5 mL, 0.8 to 3 mL, 0.9 to 2.5 mL, 1 to 2 mL, or 1 to 1.15 mL.

[0077] The dissolution of the compound of the above chemical formula 1 into a crystallization solvent may be performed without or with stirring at a temperature of 30 to 85°C, specifically 35 to 80°C, 40 to 75°C, 45 to 70°C, 50 to 65°C, or 60°C.

[0078] In one specific example according to the present invention, a mixed solution in which the compound of formula 1 is dissolved can be obtained at 60°C using 1 mL of EtOAc and 0.25 mL of distilled water for 1 g of the compound of formula 1.

[0079] Next, an acid is added dropwise to the mixed solution in which the compound of the above chemical formula 1 is dissolved.

[0080] The above acid may include hydrochloric acid, and the dropwise addition of the acid may be performed in the presence of ethyl acetate.

[0081] In one specific example according to the present invention, the addition of the acid may be by adding a hydrochloric acid-ethyl acetate solution dropwise to the mixed solution.

[0082] The concentration of hydrochloric acid in the above hydrochloric acid-ethyl acetate solution may be 0.5 M to 6 M, specifically 1 M to 5 M, 3 M to 5 M, for example 4 M.

[0083] A step of obtaining crystals from the mixed solution to which the above acid has been added is included. Obtaining the crystals can be achieved, for example, by cooling the solution, evaporating the solvent, supersaturating the solution by adding an antisolvent, or using a slurry conversion method.

[0084] In one specific example according to the present invention, after adding the acid dropwise, the precipitate formed by cooling and stirring is filtered and washed to obtain a crystal.

[0085] The cooling may be performed so that the temperature of the mixed solution to which the acid has been added becomes 0°C to 5°C. Specifically, the cooling may be performed so that the temperature of the mixed solution becomes 0°C to 3°C.

[0086] The above stirring may be performed for, but is not limited to, for example, 30 minutes or less, 30 minutes to 1 hour, 30 minutes to 5 hours, or 30 minutes to 24 hours.

[0087] The manufacturing method of the present invention may include a step of adding a non-polar organic solvent at any stage of the method for manufacturing crystalline Form I. In one embodiment, the step of adding the non-polar organic solvent to the solution before, after, or simultaneously with the dropwise addition of the acid may be further included. In another embodiment, the step of adding the non-polar organic solvent to the solution before, after, or simultaneously with cooling after the dropwise addition of the acid may be further included. The addition of the non-polar organic solvent may increase the production rate of crystallized particles, thereby improving the yield or production stability of the obtained crystalline Form I, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0088] The above non-polar organic solvent may be used without particular limitation as long as it is an organic solvent having non-polar properties, but examples of non-polar organic solvents include hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, carbon tetrachloride, benzene, and chloroform.

[0089] In one specific example according to the present invention, a step of adding heptane to the solution during crystallization from the mixed solution to which the acid has been added may be included.

[0090] The crystalline form I obtained as described above may have a higher purity than the crude compound of chemical formula 1, the amorphous compound of chemical formula 1, or any crystalline form of chemical formula 1, and may be more physically and chemically stable, but the effects of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0091]

[0092] In another aspect, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising (i) the above crystalline form I; and (ii) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

[0093] Since the crystalline form I according to the present invention exhibits excellent agonistic action against melanocortin receptors, particularly melanocortin-4 receptors (MC4R), the present invention can also provide a pharmaceutical composition for enhancing the function of melanocortin receptors, which comprises the above-described crystalline form I as an active ingredient. Specifically, the pharmaceutical composition may be a composition for enhancing the function of melanocortin-4 receptors.

[0094] In addition, the pharmaceutical composition may exhibit excellent effects in the prevention or treatment of obesity, diabetes, inflammation, and erectile dysfunction, and thus may be a composition for the prevention or treatment of obesity, diabetes, inflammation, or erectile dysfunction, but the use of the present invention is not limited to these diseases.

[0095] As used herein, “carrier” means a compound that facilitates introduction of a compound into a cell or tissue.

[0096] When administering the crystalline form I of the present invention for clinical purposes, the total daily dose to be administered to the host as a single dose or separate doses is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 10 mg per 1 kg of body weight, but the specific dosage level for each patient may vary depending on the specific compound to be used, the patient's weight, sex, health condition, diet, administration time of the drug, administration method, excretion rate, drug mixture, and severity of the disease.

[0097] The crystalline form I of the present invention can be administered by any route, depending on the intended purpose. For example, the amorphous compound of the present invention can be administered by injection or orally.

[0098] The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be in various oral dosage forms such as tablets, pills, powders, capsules, granules, syrups or emulsions, or may be in parenteral dosage forms such as injectable preparations for intramuscular, intravenous or subcutaneous administration.

[0099] Injectable formulations can be prepared using suitable dispersing agents, wetting agents, suspending agents, or excipients according to known techniques.

[0100] Excipients that can be used in the pharmaceutical preparation of the present invention include, but are not limited to, sweeteners, binders, solubilizers, solubilizers, wetting agents, emulsifiers, isotonic agents, adsorbents, disintegrants, antioxidants, preservatives, lubricants, fillers, fragrances, etc. For example, excipients that can be used include lactose, dextrose, sucrose, mannitol, sorbitol, cellulose, glycine, silica, magnesium aluminum silicate, starch, gelatin, gum tragacanth, alginic acid, sodium alginate, methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, water, ethanol, polyethylene glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, orange essence, strawberry essence, vanilla flavor, etc.

[0101] When the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is in an oral dosage form, examples of carriers used include, but are not limited to, cellulose, calcium silicate, corn starch, lactose, sucrose, dextrose, calcium phosphate, stearic acid, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, gelatin, talc, and the like.

[0102] When the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is in the form of an injectable preparation, the carrier may include, but is not limited to, water, saline solution, glucose aqueous solution, similar sugar aqueous solution, alcohol, glycol, ether, oil, fatty acid, fatty acid ester, glyceride, etc.

[0103]

[0104] In another aspect, the present invention provides the above-described crystalline form I for use in enhancing the function of melanocortin receptors, particularly melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R).

[0105] In one embodiment, the above-described crystalline form I is provided for use in the treatment or prevention of obesity, diabetes, inflammation or erectile dysfunction.

[0106] In another aspect, a method for enhancing the function of a melanocortin receptor, particularly a melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R), is provided, comprising administering the above-described crystalline form I to a subject.

[0107] In another aspect, a method for treating obesity, diabetes, inflammation or erectile dysfunction is provided, comprising administering to a subject the above-described crystalline form I.

[0108] Since the crystalline form I according to the present invention exhibits excellent agonistic action against melanocortin receptors, particularly melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R), it can be usefully used for the prevention or treatment of obesity, diabetes, inflammation, and erectile dysfunction.

[0109] The crystalline form I according to the present invention exhibits an on-target effect on the melanocortin-4 receptor, thereby exhibiting weight loss and appetite reduction effects, while not affecting anxiety and depression, and can be administered without safety issues such as side effects of hERG (human ether-a-go-go related gene) inhibition or mutagenesis.

[0110] In addition, the crystalline form I according to the present invention has superior purity, yield, physical and chemical stability compared to the crude compound of chemical formula 1, the amorphous compound of chemical formula 1, or any other crystalline form of chemical formula 1.

[0111] Specifically, the above crystalline form I may have superior solubility, storage stability, and production stability compared to the compound of formula 1, the amorphous compound of formula 1, or any other crystalline form of formula 1.

[0112] Figure 1 is a graph of the XRD results of Manufacturing Example 4.

[0113] Figure 2 is a DSC result graph of Manufacturing Example 4.

[0114] Figure 3 is a TGA result graph of Manufacturing Example 4.

[0115] Figure 4 is a graph of the XRD results of Example 1.

[0116] Figure 5 is a DSC result graph of Example 1.

[0117] Figure 6 is a TGA result graph of Example 1.

[0118] The present invention is described in more detail through the following manufacturing examples and examples. However, these examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and the scope of the present invention is not limited by them.

[0119]

[0120] Manufacturing Example 1: Manufacturing of methyl (2S,4S)-4-(N-((1s,4R)-4-methylcyclohexyl)isobutyramido)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate hydrochloride

[0121]

[0122] The title compound was obtained through the following steps A, B, C, D and E.

[0123] Step A: Preparation of 1-(tert-butyl) 2-methyl (2S,4S)-4-azidopyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylate

[0124] 1-(tert-butyl) 2-methyl (2S,4R)-4-((methylsulfonyl)oxy)pyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylate (48.5 g, 150 mmol) was dissolved in N,N'-dimethylformamide (250 ml) under nitrogen, and sodium azide (19.5 g, 300 ml) was added. The mixture was stirred at 80°C for 16 h, and the reaction solvent was concentrated under reduced pressure. Water was added, and the mixture was extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with aqueous sodium chloride solution and water, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain crude 1-(tert-butyl) 2-methyl (2S,4S)-4-azidopyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylate (39.59 g, 98%), which was used in the next step without purification.

[0125] MS [M+H] = 271 (M+1)

[0126] 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) δ 4.43-4.37 (m, 1H), 4.35-4.27 (br, 1H), 3.77 (s, 1.8H), 3.76 (s, 1.2H), 3.73-3.66 (m, 1H), 3.44-3.38 (m, 1H), 2.63-2.49 (m, 1H), 2.19-2.11 (m, 1H), 1.50 (s, 4.5H), 1.44 (s, 4.5H)

[0127]

[0128] Step B: Preparation of 1-(tert-butyl) 2-methyl (2S,4S)-4-aminopyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylate

[0129] 1-(tert-butyl) 2-methyl (2S,4S)-4-azidopyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylate (24.59 g, 91.0 mmol) obtained in Step A above was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (180 ml), and then 1 M trimethylphosphine tetrahydrofuran solution (109.2 ml, 109.2 mmol) was slowly added at 0°C. The mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 1 hour and then at room temperature for 3 hours. After concentrating the reaction solvent under reduced pressure, dichloromethane (100 ml) and water (150 ml) were added, and the mixture was stirred for about 30 minutes. The layers were separated, extracted once more with dichloromethane, and the organic layer was dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain crude 1-(tert-butyl) 2-methyl (2S,4S)-4-aminopyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylate (20.62 g, 93%), which was used in the next step without purification.

[0130] MS [M+H] = 245 (M+1)

[0131] 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) δ 4.27 (m, 1H), 3.77 (s, 1.8H), 3.76 (s, 1.2H), 3.75-3.67 (m, 1H), 3.50-3.42 (m, 1H), 3.22-3.17 (m, 1H), 2.58-2.47 (m,1H), 1.82-1.71 (m, 1H), 1.48 (s, 4.5H), 1.42 (s, 4.5H)

[0132]

[0133] Step C: Preparation of 1-(tert-butyl)2-methyl (2S,4S)-4-(((1s,4R)-4-methylcyclohexyl)amino)pyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylate

[0134] 1-(tert-butyl) 2-methyl (2S,4S)-4-aminopyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylate (20.62 g, 84.4 mmol) obtained in Step B above was dissolved in dichloroethane (150 ml), and 4-methylcyclohexanone (9.5 ml, 101.3 mmol) was added. Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (26.8 g, 126.6 mmol) was added at 0°C, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours. The reaction solvent was concentrated under reduced pressure, water was added, and the mixture was extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with aqueous sodium chloride solution, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and purified by column chromatography to obtain 1-(tert-butyl) 2-methyl (2S,4S)-4-(((1s,4R)-4-methylcyclohexyl)amino)pyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylate (22.9 g, 80%).

[0135] MS [M+H] = 341 (M+1)

[0136] 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) δ 4.26 (m, 1H), 3.76 (s, 1.8H), 3.75 (s, 1.2H), 3.78-3.71 (m, 1H), 3.49-3.40 (m, 1H), 3.22-3.16 (m, 1H), 2.69-2.60(br, 1H), 2.58-2.46 (m, 1H), 1.87-1.77 (m, 1H), 1.73-1.63 (m, 1H), 1.62-1.35(m, 8H), 1.48 (s, 4.5H), 1.42 (s, 4.5H), 0.96 (d, 3H)

[0137]

[0138] Step D: Preparation of 1-(tert-butyl) 2-methyl (2S,4S)-4-(N-((1s,4R)-4-methylcyclohexyl)isobutyramido)pyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylate

[0139] 1-(tert-butyl) 2-methyl (2S,4S)-4-(((1s,4R)-4-methylcyclohexyl)amino)pyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylate (37.29 g, 109.5 mmol) obtained in the above step C was dissolved in dichloromethane (500 ml), triethylamine (61.1 ml, 438.1 mmol) was added, and isobutyryl chloride (11.7 ml, 219 mmol) was slowly added at 0°C. After stirring at room temperature for 16 hours, the reaction solvent was concentrated under reduced pressure, followed by addition of aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate, and extraction was performed twice with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with aqueous sodium chloride solution and water, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and purified by column chromatography to obtain 1-(tert-butyl) 2-methyl (2S,4S)-4-(N-((1s,4R)-4-methylcyclohexyl)isobutyramido)pyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylate (38.79 g, 86%).

[0140] MS [M+H] = 411 (M+1)

[0141] 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) δ 4.27 (m, 1H), 3.76 (s, 1.8H), 3.75 (s, 1.2H), 3.78-3.72 (m, 1H), 3.50-3.41 (m, 1H), 3.33-3.14 (m, 1H), 2.69-2.60 (m, 2H), 2.57-2.43 (m, 1H), 1.87-1.79 (m, 1H), 1.70-1.61 (m, 1H), 1.60-1.32 (m, 8H), 1.47 (s, 4.5H), 1.41 (s, 4.5H), 1.10 (dd, 6H), 0.99 (d, 3H)

[0142]

[0143] Step E: Preparation of methyl (2S,4S)-4-(N-((1s,4R)-4-methylcyclohexyl)isobutyramido)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate hydrochloride

[0144] 1-(tert-butyl) 2-methyl (2S,4S)-4-(N-((1s,4R)-4-methylcyclohexyl)isobutyramido)pyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylate (34.0 g, 82.8 mmol) obtained in the above step D was dissolved in dichloromethane (200 ml), and then 4N hydrochloric acid 1,4-dioxane solution (82.8 ml, 331.3 mmol) was added at 0°C. After stirring at room temperature for 6 hours, the reaction solvent was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a crude (28.7 g, 99%), which was used in the next step without purification.

[0145] MS[M+H] = 311 (M+1)

[0146]

[0147] Manufacturing Example 2: Manufacturing of (3S,4R)-1-(tert-butyl)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid

[0148]

[0149] The title compound was obtained by the method described in International Publication No. WO 2004 / 092126.

[0150] MS[ M+H] = 282 (M+1)

[0151] 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) δ 7.43-7.33 (m, 4H), 3.90-3.69 (m, 3H), 3.59 (dd, J = 11.2, 10.0 Hz, 1H), 3.29 (dd, J = 11.2, 11.2 Hz, 1H), 3.18-3.09 (m, 1H), 1.44 (s, 9H)

[0152]

[0153] Manufacturing Example 3: N-((3S,5S)-1-((3S,4R)-1-(tert-butyl)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)pi

[0154] Preparation of cyclohexyl-3-carbonyl-l)-5-(morpholine-4-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)-N-((1s,4R)-4-methylcyclohexyl)isobutyramide

[0155]

[0156]

[0157] The title compound was obtained through the following steps A, B and C.

[0158] Step A: Preparation of methyl (2S,4S)-1-((3S,4R)-1-(tert-butyl)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrrolidine-3-carbonyl)-4-(N-((1s,4R)-4-methylcyclohexyl)isobutyramido)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate

[0159] Methyl (2S,4S)-4-(N-((1s,4R)-4-methylcyclohexyl)isobutyramido)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate hydrochloride (28.7 g, 82.73 mmol) obtained in Preparation Example 1, (3S,4R)-1-(tert-butyl)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (24.5 g, 86.87 mmol) obtained in Preparation Example 2, 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (22.2 g, 115.83 mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate (15.7 g, 115.83 mmol) were dissolved in N,N'-dimethylformamide (400 ml) and N,N'-diisopropylethylamine (72.0 ml, 413.66 mmol) was slowly added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours, and the reaction solvent was concentrated under reduced pressure. 0.5 N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added, and extraction was performed twice with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed twice with aqueous sodium chloride solution and water, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and purified by column chromatography to obtain methyl (2S,4S)-1-((3S,4R)-1-(tert-butyl)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrrolidine-3-carbonyl)-4-(N-((1s,4R)-4-methylcyclohexyl)isobutyramido)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate (41.19 g, 87%).

[0160] MS [M+H] = 575 (M+1)

[0161]

[0162] Step B: Preparation of (2S,4S)-1-((3S,4R)-1-(tert-butyl)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrrolidine-3-carbonyl)-4-(N-((1s,4R)-4-methylcyclohexyl)isobutyramido)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid

[0163] Methyl (2S,4S)-1-((3S,4R)-1-(tert-butyl)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrrolidine-3-carbonyl)-4-(N-((1s,4R)-4-methylcyclohexyl)isobutyramido)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate (39.4 g, 68.62 mmol) obtained in the above step A was dissolved in methanol (450 ml), and then 6N sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (57.2 ml, 343.09 mmol) was added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours, and the pH was adjusted to about 5 with 6N hydrochloric acid aqueous solution. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. The concentrate was dissolved in dichloromethane, and the insoluble solid was filtered through a paper filter. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain the crude title compound (38.4 g, 99%), which was used in the next step without purification.

[0164] MS [M+H] = 561 (M+1)

[0165]

[0166] Step C: Preparation of N-((3S,5S)-1-((3S,4R)-1-(tert-butyl)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrrolidine-3-carbonyl)-5-(morpholine-4-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)-N-((1s,4R)-4-methylcyclohexyl)isobutyramide

[0167] (2S,4S)-1-((3S,4R)-1-(tert-butyl)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrrolidine-3-carbonyl)-4-(N-((1s,4R)-4-methylcyclohexyl)isobutyramido)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (38.4 g, 68.60 mmol), 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (18.4 g, 96.04 mmol) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole hydrate (13.0 g, 96.04 mmol) obtained in the above step B were dissolved in N,N'-dimethylformamide (200 ml), and then morpholine (5.9 ml, 68.80 mmol) and N,N'-diisopropylethylamine were sequentially added. (59.7 ml, 343.02 mmol) was slowly added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 hours, and the reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. 0.5 N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added, and the mixture was extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed twice with aqueous sodium chloride solution and water, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and purified by column chromatography to obtain N-((3S,5S)-1-((3S,4R)-1-(tert-butyl)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrrolidine-3-carbonyl)-5-(morpholine-4-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)-N-((1s,4R)-4-methylcyclohexyl)isobutyramide (37.05 g, 86%).

[0168] MS [M+H] = 630 (M+1)

[0169]

[0170] Manufacturing Example 4: Preparation of an amorphous compound of N-((3S,5S)-1-((3S,4R)-1-(tert-butyl)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrrolidine-3-carbonyl)-5-(morpholine-4-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)-N-((1s,4R)-4-methylcyclohexyl)isobutyramide hydrochloride

[0171]

[0172] Based on 1 g of the compound (MC70) prepared in the above Preparation Example 3, 19 mL of MBTE was used to dissolve the compound (MC70) at 25°C. After complete dissolution, 1 mL of heptane was added and the mixture was cooled to -5 to 0°C. After reaching the set temperature, 1 equivalent of 4 M HCl / EtOAc was added dropwise, stirred for about 90 minutes, and filtered to obtain the title compound (MC71). (Yield: about 90%)

[0173] The XRD (Fig. 1), DSC (Fig. 2), and TGA (Fig. 3) analysis results for the compound of Manufacturing Example 4 are attached to Figs. 1 to 3, respectively, and the analysis results confirmed that it was an amorphous compound. The analysis methods for XRD, DSC, and TGA, respectively, are as described below in the experimental examples for Example 1.

[0174]

[0175] Example 1.

[0176] Preparation of crystalline form I of hydrate of N-((3S,5S)-1-((3S,4R)-1-(tert-butyl)-4-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrrolidine-3-carbonyl)-5-(morpholine-4-carbonyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)-N-((1s,4R)-4-methylcyclohexyl)isobutyramide hydrochloride

[0177]

[0178] 1 g of the compound (MC71) of Preparation Example 4 prepared above was dissolved in 1 mL of EtOAc and 0.15 mL of distilled water at 60°C. After complete dissolution, 0.5 to 0.7 equivalents of 4M HCl / EtOAc was added, and the solution was cooled to an internal temperature of 0 to 3°C and stirred to obtain the title crystalline Form I. (Yield: approximately 40%)

[0179]

[0180] Comparative Example 1

[0181] 1 g of the compound (MC71) of Preparation Example 4 prepared above was dissolved in 1 mL of EtOAc at room temperature. After complete dissolution, stirring was performed using an electronic stirrer for approximately 43 hours, but crystals similar to those in Example 1 were not obtained.

[0182]

[0183] Experimental Example 1. XRD Evaluation

[0184] Powder XRD diffraction patterns were obtained using a PANalytical X'Pert Pro MPD system equipped with a monochromatized radiation source and Ni filter as a solid-state detector, as follows.

[0185] Approximately 20 to 30 mg of sample was placed flat on a glass sample holder, and the generator of the device was set to 45 kV (acceleration voltage) and 40 mA (filament emission), and measurements were made in reflection mode (not-spin). Bragg angles (2θ) in the range of 4 to 40° were measured under the conditions of a step size of 0.026° and a time per step of 51 s.

[0186] The results of measuring the obtained crystal form I using XRD are shown in Fig. 4.

[0187]

[0188] As confirmed in the spectrum shown in FIG. 4, the crystalline form I according to the present invention exhibited characteristic peaks (2θ) at 7.19°, 9.58°, 10.87°, 12.50°, 14.73°, 17.38°, 18.22°, 18.59°, 19.03°, 20.61°, 21.14°, 21.82°, 22.42°, 23.18°, 24.15°, 24.92°, 25.55°, 27.04°, 28.75°, and 29.85°, and the specific values ​​of XRD are shown in Table 1 below.

[0189] [Table 1]

[0190]

[0191]

[0192] Experimental Example 2. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)

[0193] DSC measurements were performed using a Mettler Toledo DSC1 system. Approximately 2–5 mg of sample was weighed and placed in a 40 μL Al crucible (a flat-bottomed aluminum pan with a pin-hole lid), with a single pinhole created. The sample was then heated from 25 to 350°C at a rate of 10°C / min, and the DSC measurements were performed. During the measurement, nitrogen gas was supplied to the instrument at a rate of 70 mL / min to prevent the inflow of oxygen and other gases. Data collection and evaluation were performed using the STARe software.

[0194] The results of DSC measurement of the obtained crystalline form I are shown in Figure 5.

[0195] As confirmed in Fig. 5, two endothermic peaks were observed at approximately 89.4°C (onset) for Form I. An endothermic peak due to decomposition appeared after approximately 220°C. The temperature values ​​have an error of ±5°C.

[0196]

[0197] Experimental Example 3. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)

[0198] TGA was measured using a Mettler Toledo TGA / DSC 1 module. Approximately 4–8 mg of sample was weighed and placed in a 100 μL Al crucible (flat-bottomed aluminum crucible). The sample was then heated from 30°C to 350°C at a rate of 10°C / min, and TGA measurements were taken. During the measurement, nitrogen gas was supplied to the instrument at a rate of 80 mL / min to prevent the inflow of oxygen and other gases. Data collection and evaluation were performed using the STARe software.

[0199] The results of TGA measurement of the obtained crystalline form I are shown in Figure 6.

[0200] As confirmed in Fig. 6, a weight loss of approximately 15.2% was observed for Form I at temperatures below 100°C. Weight loss due to decomposition occurred after approximately 220°C. Temperature values ​​have an error of ±5°C.

[0201]

[0202] Experimental Example 4. Stability Evaluation

[0203] Approximately 10-30 mg of samples were stored in an open container under accelerated conditions (40°C, 75% RH) or in a sealed container in an oven at 80°C for 4 weeks under harsh conditions. HPLC analysis was performed using the method in Table 2 to compare these samples with samples stored at room temperature.

[0204] [Table 2]

[0205]

[0206]

[0207] The results of evaluating the stability of the obtained crystalline form I are shown in Table 3 below.

[0208] [Table 3]

[0209]

[0210] As can be confirmed in Table 3 above, the crystal form I according to the present invention showed chemical stability for 4 weeks under accelerated conditions (40°C, 75% RH) and harsh conditions (80°C), confirming that it exhibits excellent stability to heat and humidity.

Claims

1. A crystalline form I of a compound of the following chemical formula 1, a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate thereof, The following diffraction angles (2θ values) in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern: 7.19±0.2°, 9.58±0.2°, 10.87±0.2°, 12.50±0.2°, 14.73±0.2°, 17.38±0.2°, 18.22±0.2°, 18.59±0.2°, 19.03±0.2°, 20.61±0.2°, 21.14±0.2°, 21.82±0.2°, 22.42±0.2°, 23.18±0.2°, 24.15±0.2°, 24.92±0.2°, 25.55±0.2°, 27.04±0.2°, 28.75±0.2° and Crystalline Form I having three or more characteristic peaks selected from 29.85±0.2°: [Chemical Formula 1] In the above chemical formula 1, R 1 Silver C 2 -C 5 It's alkyl.

2. In claim 1, A pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of the above chemical formula 1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrochloride, sulfate, nitrate, phosphate, hydrobromide and hydroiodide of the compound, Crystalline Form I.

3. In claim 1, Crystal Form I, which is a crystal form of a solvate of the hydrochloride of the compound of the above chemical formula 1.

4. In claim 3, The above solvate is a hydrate, crystalline form I.

5. In claim 4, Crystalline Form I, which is a crystalline form of a compound of the following chemical formula 4: [Chemical Formula 4] .

6. A method for producing a crystal form I as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, A step of preparing a mixed solution by dissolving the compound of the above chemical formula 1 in a crystallization solvent, A step of adding acid dropwise to the above mixed solution, and A method for producing crystalline form I, comprising the step of obtaining a crystal from a mixed solution to which the above acid has been added.

7. In claim 6, A method for producing crystalline form I, wherein the crystallization solvent comprises water and a polar aprotic organic solvent.

8. In claim 7, A method for producing crystalline Form I, wherein the polar aprotic organic solvent comprises ethyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, dimethylsulfoxide, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, dimethylformamide, acetonitrile or a mixture thereof.

9. In claim 7, A method for producing crystalline Form I, wherein the crystallization solvent is a mixed solvent in which water and a polar aprotic organic solvent are mixed in a volume ratio of 15:1 to 1:

15.

10. In claim 6, A method for producing crystalline Form I, further comprising the step of adding a non-polar organic solvent to the mixed solution before, after, or simultaneously with the addition of the acid.

11. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a crystalline form I according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

12. A pharmaceutical composition for enhancing melanocortin-4 receptor function, comprising the crystalline form I according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

13. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 12, wherein the composition is for preventing or treating obesity, diabetes, inflammation or erectile dysfunction.

Images